Consulta: subjectFacets:"Public health"
Registros recuperados: 96
Data/hora: 09/06/2024 14:47:06

Tratamiento de aguas residuales con humedales artificiales en Tlapanaloya, municipio de Tequisquiac, Estado de México.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Avelar Roblero, Juan Uriel.
La presente tesis tiene como objeto proponer, mostrar y validar una alternativa basada en el uso y acondicionamiento de humedales artificiales, para resolver el problema de salud pública y contaminación ambiental que genera la descarga de aguas residuales. El campo de estudio y evaluación fue la cabecera municipal de Hueypoxtla, Estado de México, cuyas aguas residuales vierten directamente al cauce del Río Salado, el cual cruza por la comunidad de Tlapanaloya, municipio de Tequisquiac, Estado de México. Además de realizar el diseño, se construyó el tren de tratamiento que incluye: pretratamiento mediante un desarenador y sedimentador preliminar; tratamiento primario mediante un sistema modificado de tanque Imhoff y el tratamiento secundario utilizando 6...
Palavras-chave: Salud pública; Contaminación ambiental; Humedales artificiales; Diseño; Construcción; Public health; Pollution; Constructed wetlands; Design; Built; Hidrociencias; Maestría.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/529

Tratamiento de aguas residuales con humedales artificiales en Tlapanaloya, municipio de Tequisquiac, Estado de México.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Avelar Roblero, Juan Uriel.
La presente tesis tiene como objeto proponer, mostrar y validar una alternativa basada en el uso y acondicionamiento de humedales artificiales, para resolver el problema de salud pública y contaminación ambiental que genera la descarga de aguas residuales. El campo de estudio y evaluación fue la cabecera municipal de Hueypoxtla, Estado de México, cuyas aguas residuales vierten directamente al cauce del Río Salado, el cual cruza por la comunidad de Tlapanaloya, municipio de Tequisquiac, Estado de México. Además de realizar el diseño, se construyó el tren de tratamiento que incluye: pretratamiento mediante un desarenador y sedimentador preliminar; tratamiento primario mediante un sistema modificado de tanque Imhoff y el tratamiento secundario utilizando 6...
Palavras-chave: Salud pública; Contaminación ambiental; Humedales artificiales; Diseño; Construcción; Public health; Pollution; Constructed wetlands; Design; Built; Hidrociencias; Maestría.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/529

Birth defects in Brazil: Outcomes of a population-based study
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Oliveira-Brancati,Camila Ive Ferreira; Ferrarese,Valéria Cristina Carvalho; Costa,Antonio Richieri; Fett-Conte,Agnes Cristina.
Abstract Birth defects (BDs) are functional and structural alterations in embryonic or fetal development. With an incidence of approximately 3-5%, BDs are a leading cause of infant mortality and lifelong disability. A population-based prospective case-control study was conducted for one year with 5204 infants, between March 1st, 2011 and February 29th, 2012 in the city of São José do Rio Preto, State of São Paulo, Brazil. The incidence of BDs was 3.2% [95% confidence interval (95%CI): 2.8-3.8%]. The most common congenital anomalies were heart diseases in isolation (11.2%; 95%CI: 7.3-16.9%) followed by Down syndrome (9.5%; 95%CI: 5.9-14.8%), neural tube defects (8.9%; 95%CI: 5.4-14.1), urinary tract anomalies (7.7%; 95%CI: 4.4-12.7%), and polydactyly (7.0%;...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Malformation; Congenital anomaly; Fetal development; Genetic counseling; Public health.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572020000100102

Teratogens: a public health issue – a Brazilian overview
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Mazzu-Nascimento,Thiago; Melo,Débora Gusmão; Morbioli,Giorgio Gianini; Carrilho,Emanuel; Vianna,Fernanda Sales Luiz; Silva,André Anjos da; Schuler-Faccini,Lavinia.
Abstract Congenital anomalies are already the second cause of infant mortality in Brazil, as in many other middle-income countries in Latin America. Birth defects are a result of both genetic and environmental factors, but a multifactorial etiology has been more frequently observed. Here, we address the environmental causes of birth defects – or teratogens – as a public health issue and present their mechanisms of action, categories and their respective maternal-fetal deleterious effects. We also present a survey from 2008 to 2013 of Brazilian cases involving congenital anomalies (annual average of 20,205), fetal deaths (annual average of 1,530), infant hospitalizations (annual average of 82,452), number of deaths of hospitalized infants (annual average of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Birth defects; Teratogens; Zika virus; Pregnancy; Public health.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572017000300387

Oncogenetics service and the Brazilian public health system: the experience of a reference Cancer Hospital
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Palmero,Edenir I.; Galvão,Henrique C.R.; Fernandes,Gabriela C.; Paula,André E. de; Oliveira,Junea C.; Souza,Cristiano P.; Andrade,Carlos E.; Romagnolo,Luis G.C.; Volc,Sahlua; C. Neto,Maximiliano; Sabato,Cristina; Grasel,Rebeca; Mauad,Edmundo; Reis,Rui M.; Michelli,Rodrigo A.D.
Abstract The identification of families at-risk for hereditary cancer is extremely important due to the prevention potential in those families. However, the number of Brazilian genetic services providing oncogenetic care is extremely low for the continental dimension of the country and its population. Therefore, at-risk patients do not receive appropriate assistance. This report describes the creation, structure and management of a cancer genetics service in a reference center for cancer prevention and treatment, the Barretos Cancer Hospital (BCH). The Oncogenetics Department (OD) of BCH offers, free of charge, to all patients/relatives with clinical criteria, the possibility to perform i) genetic counseling, ii) preventive examinations and iii) genetic...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Oncogenetics; Hereditary cancer; Public health.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572016000200168

Bilan des perturbations phytoplanctoniques observées sur les côtes françaises en 1986
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Belin, Catherine; Berthome, Jean-paul.
In 1986, 23 discolored waters were observed ; dinoflagellates often were the cause of them. Many developments of Prorocentrum minimum occured ; two of them were associated with shel1fishes mortalities. At contrary, other species which are suspected to be toxic for shellfishes, as Gyrodinium aureolum and Gyrodinium spirale, have not been associated with mortalities, although they have been observed in several areas.  The developments of Dinophysis (cf. acuminata or sacculus) caused provisional prohibitions of shellfishes selling, especially in the south of Brittany. Another specie was also implicated in toxicities : Prorocentrum lima. Human intoxications and economic consequences were rather important.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Phytoplancton; Toxicité; Surveillance; Santé publique; Mollusque; Phytoplankton; Toxicity; Survey; Public health; Mollusc.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00094/20541/18206.pdf

Depuration: An administrative overview
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Somerset, I.
At the 1964 National Shellfish Sanitation Workshop, Mr. Eugene Jensen presented a thought-provoking paper outlining the rationale for the depuration of shellfish. Mr. Jensen noted that "we are committed to the principal that shellfish must be as safe to eat as other ordinary food" and that "the problems of assuring the sanitary quality of coastal areas will increase rather than diminish. This is not the same as saying that pollution will increase" (Jensen, 1964). It is recognised that additional use of the waters and shore areas will have adverse impacts on the water quality and shellfish resource quantity and quality. If we are to maintain a program which will permit the consumer to eat shellfish in any form they choose, we must develop the means to...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: France; Bivalvia; Shellfish; Water quality; Legislation; Pollution control; Self purification; Public health.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1590.pdf

Development of a HACCP-based program for a private shellfish purification facility
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Howell, T; Jones, S; Nardi, G.
A HACCP-based program is developed for the Spinney Creek Oyster Company (SCOC) Shellfish Purification Facility under a pilot program funded and implemented by the New England Fisheries Development Association (NEFDA). The SCOC Facility, which includes a government approved in-house coliform laboratory, is fully licensed for oysters and clams under State of Maine and NSSP regulations. SCOC's business is producing value-added, quality-assured shellfish for premium, health conscious markets. To accomplish this, SCOC uses shellfish harvested from approved waters which is an important distinction from other purification plants which process shellfish originating from restricted waters. It was necessary to create a flow chart of the various steps involved in the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bivalvia; Pollution control; Public health; Methodology; Self purification; Shellfish; Marine molluscs.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1608.pdf

A rating system for oyster purification. Hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) application to purification of live oysters
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bird, P.
A Critical Hazard Analysis Rating (CHAR) based on the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) concept is used to monitor oyster purification in New South Wales (N.S.W.), Australia. Critical areas for assessment include oyster condition, separation of raw and treated oysters, water quality (turbidity, salinity, temperature, aeration, circulation), purification period, flow rate, steriliser efficiency and tank hydraulics. Batch records and product identification are included. Purification supplements a total management program for producing safe oysters. The rating can also be used to endorse oysters produced under industry self-regulatory, quality assurance programs. The four main CHAR areas are operational standards, quality assurance, public health...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Saccostrea commercialis; Crassostrea gigas; Bivalvia; Marine molluscs; Safety regulations; Public health; Self purification.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1607.pdf

Inadequacy of bacterial indicators for assessing elimination rates of viruses from molluscan shellfish
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Burkhardt, W; Watkins, W; Rippey, S.
The reported incidence of shellfish-borne illness in the United States increased dramatically during the last decade. Most of the outbreaks are attributed to diseases of viral aetiology. These human health problems result primarily from the ingestion of raw shellfish which have accumulated enteric pathogens from environmental waters or from wet storage facilities. Our studies have demonstrated that hard-shelled clams concentrate different indicator micro-organisms at variable and unpredictable rates during the year. In temperate waters, this has been observed at two abbreviated periods in mid-spring and again in late fall when accumulation rates increased dramatically. Moreover, these rates were not generally coincident for viruses and bacteria. In...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mollusca; Intestinal microflora; Phages; Seafood; Public health; Diseases; Marine molluscs; Viruses; Shellfish; Self purification; Bacteria; Indicator species.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1609.pdf

The One Health Concept: 10 Years Old and a Long Road Ahead
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Destoumieux-garzon, Delphine; Mavingui, Patrick; Boetsch, Gilles; Boissier, Jerome; Darriet, Frederic; Duboz, Priscilla; Fritsch, Clementine; Giraudoux, Patrick; Le Roux, Frederique; Morand, Serge; Paillard, Christine; Pontier, Dominique; Sueur, Cedric; Voituron, Yann.
Over the past decade, a significant increase in the circulation of infectious agents was observed. With the spread and emergence of epizootics, zoonoses, and epidemics, the risks of pandemics became more and more critical. Human and animal health has also been threatened by antimicrobial resistance, environmental pollution, and the development of multifactorial and chronic diseases. This highlighted the increasing globalization of health risks and the importance of the human–animal–ecosystem interface in the evolution and emergence of pathogens. A better knowledge of causes and consequences of certain human activities, lifestyles, and behaviors in ecosystems is crucial for a rigorous interpretation of disease dynamics and to drive public policies. As a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: One health; EcoHealth; Infectious disease; Non-communicable disease; Multifactorial disease; Ecotoxicology; Interdisciplinary research; Public health.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00425/53676/54518.pdf

Epidemiology of bee stings in Campina Grande, Paraíba state, Northeastern Brazil
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Linard,Ana Thaise Sousa; Barros,Rafaella Moreno; Sousa,Jorge Alves; Leite,Renner Souza.
Background : The present study aims to investigate the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of bee sting cases recorded between 2007 and 2012 in the city of Campina Grande, Paraiba state, Brazil. Data were collected from the database of the Injury Notification Information System of the Brazilian Ministry of Health.Results : A total of 459 bee sting cases were retrospectively analyzed. The average annual incidence was 19 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. Cases were distributed in all months of the year, with higher prevalence in September and February. Most victims were men aged between 20 and 29 years. The highest incidence of cases was recorded in urban areas. Victims were stung mainly on the head and torso and received medical assistance predominantly 1...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Africanized honeybee; Paraiba; Human envenomation; Venomous animals; Public health.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992014000200324

Ballast water: a review of the impact on the world public health
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Takahashi,CK; Lourenço,NGGS; Lopes,TF; Rall,VLM; Lopes,CAM.
Since the nineteenth century ships have been using ballast water (BW) for safety, stability, propulsion and maneuverability, as well as to redress loss of fuel weight and water consumption, and to maintain structural stress at acceptable levels. Ballast water has been spreading many non-native species around the globe, but little is known about the extent and potential significance of ship-mediated transfer of microorganisms. The global movements of ballast water by ships create a long-distance dispersal mechanism for human pathogens that may be important in the worldwide distribution of microorganisms, as well as for the epidemiology of waterborne diseases. Only a few studies have been carried out on this subject, most of them involving ballast water...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Public health; Ballast water; Vibrio cholerae.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992008000300002

Leptospira spp. and Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus) in Botucatu region, SP, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Zetun,CB; Hoffmann,JL; Silva,RC; Souza,LC; Langoni,H.
The destruction of natural ecosystems has caused several problems to humans and other animals; herein we investigate the close relationship among vampire bats, humans and domestic animals. Toxoplasma gondii and Leptospira spp. infections are two worldwide zoonoses that provoke serious damage to animals. To determine the prevalence of bats seropositive for toxoplasmosis and leptospirosis in the Botucatu region, 204 serum samples of vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus) were tested for T. gondii antibodies by modified agglutination test (MAT-t) and for Leptospira spp. by microscopic agglutination test (MAT-l). No animal was tested positive for T. gondii while leptospiral positivity was 7.8% for Pyrogenes, Shermani and Javanica serovars, with titers varying from...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Vampire bats; Zoonosis; Serological survey; Public health.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992009000300014

Interactions between environment, wild animals and human leptospirosis
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Ullmann,LS; Langoni,H.
Leptospirosis, a worldwide distributed zoononis caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira (antigenically classified into serovars), may be direct or indirectly transmitted through infected urine or environment. Several domestic and wild animals are leptospirosis reservoirs. The disease presents occupational character since it is widely reported in professionals that work in humid environments - such as sewage workers and fishermen - and in places where rodents or susceptible animals are found, like slaughterhouses and veterinary clinics. In developing countries, outbreaks are related to lack of sanitation, overcrowding in inadequate housing and climatic conditions. In developed countries, sporadic cases occur in aquatic recreational activities including...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Leptospira spp.; Leptospirosis; Public health; Occupational disease; Recreational disease.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992011000200002

Mycobacterium genavense infection in two species of captive snakes
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Ullmann,Leila Sabrina; Dias,Ramiro das Neves; Cagnini,Didier Quevedo; Yamatogi,Ricardo Seiti; Oliveira,Jose Paes; Nemer,Viviane; Teixeira,Rodrigo Hidalgo Friciello; Biondo,Alexander Welker; Araújo Jr.,João Pessoa.
Abstract  Background: Mycobacterium is an important zoonotic agent with companion, livestock and wildlife animals reportedly playing a role as reservoirs. Although its association with reptiles has been described, the disease cycle remains to be fully established, particularly in snakes. Accordingly, this study aimed to report the occurrence of mycobacteriosis with clinical pneumonia in one exotic python snake (Python molurus) and one native green snake (Philodryas olfersii) from the Sorocaba Zoo, São Paulo state, Brazil.  Methods: Diagnosis was based on necropsy, histopathological examination, Ziehl-Neelsen stain and immunohistochemistry.  Results: Using a nested PCR followed by DNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis, the causative Mycobacterium...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Captive snakes; Mycobacterium; Public health.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992016000100320

Scorpionism in Brazil in the years 2000 to 2012
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Reckziegel,Guilherme Carneiro; Pinto,Vitor Laerte.
Background Scorpionism is a serious public health problem in Brazil. Nationwide epidemiological analyses of scorpion stings are scarce. In this context, the present study aims to provide an epidemiological analysis of accidents involving scorpions in Brazil.Methods An analytical epidemiological study of the scorpion accidents reported in the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN) was conducted from 2000 to 2012 in Brazil.Results During this period, 482,616 accidents and 728 deaths were reported. The annual average incidence and mortality rates per 100,000 inhabitants were 19.6 and 0.030, respectively, with annual average lethality rate of 0.16%. The highest accident frequency was recorded in male subjects, aged 20–49 years, from September to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Tityus; Scorpion sting; Epidemiological profile; Public health; Brazil.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992014000200337

Hantaviruses as emergent zoonoses
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Ullmann,LS; Souza,LC; Langoni,H.
Hantaviruses belong to the Bunyaviridae family, which consists of vector-borne viruses. These viruses can provoke two infection types: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) - which occurs in the Old World - and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) - an emergent zoonosis that can be found in many countries of the western hemisphere. Rodents are hantavirus reservoirs and each species seems to host a different virus type. Humans acquire the infection by inhaling contaminated aerosol particles eliminated by infected animals. The factors involved in the emergence of hantavirus infections in the human population include ecological modifications and changes in human activities. The most important risk factor is contact between man and rodents, as a...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Hantaviruses; Rodents; Control; Public health.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992008000400002

Current challenges for confronting the public health problem of snakebite envenoming in Central America
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Gutiérrez,José María.
Snakebite envenoming is a serious public health problem in Central America, where approximately 5,500 cases occur every year. Panama has the highest incidence and El Salvador the lowest. The majority, and most severe, cases are inflicted by the pit viper Bothrops asper (family Viperidae), locally known as ‘terciopelo’, ‘barba amarilla’ or ‘equis’. About 1% of the bites are caused by coral snakes of the genus Micrurus (family Elapidae). Despite significant and successful efforts in Central America regarding snakebite envenomings in the areas of research, antivenom manufacture and quality control, training of health professionals in the diagnosis and clinical management of bites, and prevention of snakebites, much remains to be done in order to further...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Central America; Snakebite; Envenoming; Antivenoms; Public health.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992014000200203

The versatile strategies of Escherichia coli pathotypes: a mini review
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Sousa,C. P.
The widespread species Escherichia coli includes a broad variety of different types, ranging from highly pathogenic strains to avirulent isolates. Few microorganisms are as versatile as E. coli. Pathogenic strains remain a leading cause of severe and persistent infant diarrhea in developing countries. They may be limited to colonization of a mucosal surface or can disseminate throughout the body and have been implicated in urinary tract infection, sepsis/meningitis and gastrointestinal infection. The human gastrointestinal tract is susceptible to diarrheagenic E. coli infections. Escherichia coli have effectively managed to subvert the host cytoskeleton for their own purposes causing substantial diarrheal disease, a major public health problem worldwide....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Pathogenicity; Virulence; Escherichia coli pathotypes; Versatile strategies; Diarrheagenic E. coli categories; Public health.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992006000300002

Risks and management of non-native Impatiens species in the Netherlands
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Matthews, J.; Beringen, R.; Boer, E.; Duistermaat, H.; Odé, B.; Valkenburg, J.L.C.H. van; Velde, G. van der; Leuven, R.S.E.W.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Dispersion; Ecological effects; Invasive species; Management options; Public health; Socio-economic impacts; 42.54; 42.44.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/579645

Contribution to the Knowledge of the Phlebotomine Sand Flies Fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) of Timóteo Municipality, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 82
Autores: Souza,Cristian F; Borges,Magno A Z; Andrade,Andrey J.
An investigation of the phlebotomine sandfloy fauna in the municipality of Timóteo, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, was undertaken with New Jersey traps placed in seven neighborhoods from December 2005 to January 2006. A total of 2,289 phlebotomine sandfloy specimens were recorded. Nyssomyia whitmani (Antunes &amp;amp; Coutinho) (48.1%), Nyssomyia intermedia (Lutz &amp;amp; Neiva) (36.8%) and Micropygomyia quinquefer (Dyar) (7.1%) were the most abundant species sampled. Some sandfloy species that play a role in the transmission of Leishmania Ross in the State of Minas Gerais were recorded and their importance to public health is highlighted. Pintomyia bianchigalatiae (Andrade Filho, Aguiar, Dias &amp;amp; Falcão), Micropygomyia capixaba (Dias, Falcão, Silva...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Sandfloy; Leishmaniasis; Phlebotominae; Pressatia choti; Public health.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-566X2009000200016

Disseminação de bactérias patogênicas por formigas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) em dois hospitais do nordeste do Brasil
Provedor de dados: 82
Autores: Fontana,Renato; Wetler,Rita M da C; Aquino,Renata S S; Andrioli,João L; Queiroz,Guilherme R G; Ferreira,Sônia L; Nascimento,Ivan C do; Delabie,Jacques H C.
Nosocomial infections bring a high risk to the health of hospital patients and employees. Ants are common organisms in Brazilian hospitals, where they can act as dispersers of opportunistic microorganisms in places they forage. The occurrence of multi-resistant bacteria carried by ants was analyzed in two public hospitals (HA and HB) in southeastern Bahia, Brazil. In these two hospitals 132 workers belonging to three ant species were collected. The bacteria associated to these ants were identified and their susceptibility to antibiotics was evaluated. More than half (57.3%) of ants collected in HA were associated with some kind of bacteria, with 26.7% of them being opportunist bacteria, while 84,2% of the ants from HB presented associated bacteria growth,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Nosocomial infection; Public health; Urban ant.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-566X2010000400029

A new sterile technique effective on capturing tramp ants for microbiological investigations
Provedor de dados: 82
Autores: Schuller,Lucia; Matté,Glavur R; Matté,Maria H.
Tramp ants are an outstanding group of organisms that have a definitive and important role in carrying pathogens. The purpose of this study was to develop a microbiological sterile technique of collecting ants from contaminated areas. The traps were composed of Petri dishes containing culture media, and were tested to verify the applicability of the system. A positive correlation between the microorganism growth and the presence of ants inside or around traps was observed. The technique described demonstrated to be useful to collect ants from different environments, helping the surveillance of pathogenic microorganisms that are of public health concern.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Public health; Pathogenic microorganism; Staphylococcus aureus; Klebsiella; Escherichia coli; Enterobacter.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-566X2009000400023

Dextran sulfate inhibits acute Toxoplama gondii infection in pigs
Provedor de dados: 19
Autores: Kato, Kentaro; Murata, Yuho; Horiuchi, Noriyuki; Inomata, Atsuko; Terkawi, Mohamad Alaa; Ishiwa, Akiko; Ogawa, Yohsuke; Fukumoto, Shinya; Matsuhisa, Fumikazu; Koyama, Kenji.
Background: Toxoplasma gondii is a highly prevalent protozoan that can infect all warm-blooded animals, including humans. Its definitive hosts are Felidae and its intermediate hosts include various other mammals and birds, including pigs. It is found in the meat of livestock which is a major source of human infection. Hence the control of toxoplasmosis in pigs is important for public health. We previously showed that dextran sulfate (DS), especially DS10 (dextran sulfate MW 10 kDa), is effective against T. gondii infection both in vitro and in mice. In this study, we asked whether DS affects T. gondii infection of pigs, one of the main animal sources of toxoplasmosis transmission to humans. Methods: Fourteen-day-old male pigs (n = 10) were infected with T....
Palavras-chave: Dextran sulfate; Intermediate host; Pig; Public health; Toxoplasma gondii.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/4446

Mareas rojas durante 1989-1999, en aguas ecuatorianas
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Torres, G.
En el presente artículo se va a referir principalmente a los eventos de Marea Roja (MR) registrados entre 1989-1999 (Fig. 1y2).
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Red tides; Phytoplankton; Public health; Phytoplankton; Public health; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_13344; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6349.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/2242

Etude de l'effet des facteurs du milieu sur la distribution des bactéries entériques dans la lagune de Bizerte (Nord-Tunisie)
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Bejaoui, B.; Elbour, M.; Belhassen, M.; Mrouna, R.; Boukef, I.; Mejri, S.; Harzallah, A.; Boudabous, A.
La présente étude est effectuée dans le but d’évaluer l’effet des facteurs du milieu sur la distribution des populations bactériennes entériques dans un milieu lagunaire : la lagune de Bizerte. Un échantillonnage saisonnier, (novembre 2004, février 2005, mai 2005 et août 2005), portant sur 41 stations couvrant toute la lagune ont  été réalisés. Les analyses bactériologiques effectuées ont concerné l’eau et le sédiment. Les paramètres physico-chimiques de l’eau ont été mesurés in-situ simultanément aux différents échantillonnages. Aussi, les paramètres climatiques ont été fournis par une station météorologique située à proximité de la lagune.  Les résultats obtenus ont révélé que les charges en bactéries sont plus importantes dans les sédiments que dans...
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Abiotic factors; Ecosystems; Geographical distribution; Pollution monitoring; Public health; Water quality.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/4262

Etude de l’effet des facteurs du milieu sur la distribution des bactéries entériques dans la lagune de Bizerte (nord -Tunisie)
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Boukef, I.; El Bour, M.; Bejaoui, B.; Harzallah, A.; Belhassen, M.; Mrouana, R.; Mejri, S.; Boudabous, A.
La présente étude est effectuée dans le but d’évaluer l’effet des facteurs du milieu sur la distribution des populations bactériennes entériques dans un milieu lagunaire : la lagune de Bizerte. Un échantillonnage saisonnier, (novembre 2004, février 2005, mai 2005 et août 2005), portant sur 41 stations couvrant toute la lagune ont  été réalisés. Les analyses bactériologiques effectuées ont concerné l’eau et le sédiment. Les paramètres physico-chimiques de l’eau ont été mesurés in-situ simultanément aux différents échantillonnages. Aussi, les paramètres climatiques ont été fournis par une station météorologique située à proximité de la lagune.  Les résultats obtenus ont révélé que les charges en bactéries sont plus importantes dans les sédiments que dans...
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Abiotic factors; Ecosystems; Geographical distribution; Pollution monitoring; Public health; Water quality; Geographical distribution; Ecosystems; Public health; Water quality; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5083; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2482; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6349; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16061.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/3696

Fishing and poverty levels around Lake Victoria (Kenya)
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Abila, R.O.; Omwega, R.N.; Lwenya, C.
Fishing is known to be one of the oldest occupations of mankind and in Lake Victoria (Kenya); it has been largely practiced at artisanal levels. Despite this, poverty amongst the fisher folk remains high. Why the fisher folk remain in perpetual poverty was the key research question for this study. Sampling was conducted on 12 landing beaches between June and August 2004. Data was obtained using survey questionnaires; personal interviews were made using open-ended questions and beach observations. Results from this study indicates that 179 fishers sampled earned an average income of Ksh. 107,063 each in a year with modal income of Ksh. 57,600 while in a day they earned an average income of Ksh. 518 each with modal income of Ksh. 200. Fishers perceived that...
Tipo: Proceedings Paper
Palavras-chave: Fishing; Artisanal fishing; Lake fisheries; Socioeconomic aspects; Fishery economics; Public health; Malaria; Fishery management; Pricing.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/1495

Recherche par « RT-PCR » des virus enteriques chez des moules (&lt;Mytilus galloprovincialis&gt;) et des palourdes (&lt;Ruditapes decussatus&gt;)
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Aouni, M.; Essebai El Amri, D.
Dans cette étude comparative, deux méthodes d'extraction de quatre types de virus entériques pathogènes pour l’homme (virus de l’hépatite A, l’astrovirus, le norovirus et l’entérovirus) contaminant des moules (Mytilus galloprovincialis) et des palourdes (Ruditapes decussatus) ont été évaluées par l’application de la technique « Perverse Transcriptase- Polymerase Chain Reaction : RT-PCR ». Les échantillons des mollusques bivalves analysés ont été prélevés entre le mois de mars 2000 et le mois de septembre 2001 dans différents sites naturels de la lagune de Bizerte et sans subir l’étape de purification. Les résultats obtenus montrent que le taux de détection des virus par RT-PCR est meilleur lorsque les virus sont extraits à partir de l’estomac et de...
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Digestive system; Human food; Infectious diseases; Marine molluscs; Pathogens; Public health; Mytilus galloprovincialis; Ruditapes decussatus; Digestive system; Public health; Infectious diseases; Pathogens.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/3755

Estudios químicos y bacteriológicos del río Baradero (Argentina): calidad sanitaria del agua y aptitud de los peces para consumo humano
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Costagliola, M.; Seigneur, G.N.; Jurquiza, V.
As a result of an agreement signed by the Municipal Government of Baradero Buenos Aires Province, Argentina and the INIDEP, the sanitary quality of the Baradero River waters was studied and fish safety assessed. Results of five field surveys carried out between 1993 and 1997 are studied. Organochlorine and organophosphorate pesticide residues, as well as traces of heavy metals were analyzed in 49 fish specimens and aerobic heterotrophic bacteria (AHB), total coliform bacteria (TC) and fecal coliform bacteria (FC) were counted out in 7 sampling stations placed on the coast and the riverbed. Alpha Hexachlorohexane, gamma Hexachlorohexane, beta Hexachlorohexane, Aldrin, Heptachlor epoxide, pp'DDE and Dieldrin were detected in fish tissues. The values of AHB...
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Freshwater pollution; Pollution surveys; Chemical analysis; Water analysis; Microbiological analysis; Pesticides; Public health; Pathogenic bacteria; Pesticides; Public health; Water analysis; Microbiological analysis; Pathogenic bacteria; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5739; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_6349; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_16064; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_25302; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_34317.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/2417

The Health Impacts of Exposure to Indoor Air Pollution from Solid Fuels in Developing Countries: Knowledge, Gaps, and Data Needs
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ezzati,   Majid; Kammen,   Daniel M.
Globally, almost three billion people rely on biomass (wood, charcoal, crop residues, and dung) and coal as their primary source of domestic energy. Exposure to indoor air pollution from the combustion of solid fuels has been implicated, with varying degrees of evidence, as a causal agent of disease and mortality in developing countries. We review the current knowledge on the relationship between indoor air pollution and disease, and on the assessment of interventions for reducing exposure and disease. Our review takes an environmental health perspective and considers the details of both exposure and health effects that are needed for successful intervention strategies. We also identify knowledge gaps and detailed research questions that are essential for...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Household energy; Developing countries; Exposure assessment; Exposure-response relationship; Indoor air pollution; Intervention; Public health; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10864

Socioeconomic Determinants of Disease Transmission in Cambodia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Deolalikar,   Anil B.; Laxminarayan,   Ramanan.
The process of acquiring an infection has two components: first, exposure through proximity to another infected individual, and second, transmission of the disease. Earlier studies of the socioeconomic factors that affect the probability of acquiring an illness assume uniform exposure to infected individuals and may therefore result in biased estimates. This paper develops an empirical model, consistent with epidemiological models of spread of infections, to estimate the impact of socioeconomic variables on the extent of disease transmission within villages in Cambodia. Data from the 1997 Cambodia Socioeconomic Survey are used in this analysis.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Disease transmission; Sanitation; Infection; Public health; Health Economics and Policy; C1; I1; O1.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10695

Impact of irrigation on poverty and environment in Ethiopia. Draft Proceeding of the Symposium and Exhibition held at Ghion Hotel, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 27th -29th November, 2007
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Awulachew,   Seleshi Bekele; Loulseged,   Makonnen; Yilma,   Aster Denekew.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Crop management; Irrigated farming; Rainfed farming; Irrigation systems; Food security; Water harvesting; Institutions; Environmental effects; Public health; Malaria; GIS; Remote sensing; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118410

An investigation of the relationship between depth to groundwater and malaria prevalence, Punjab, Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Donnelly,   M.J.; Birley,   M.H.; Konradsen,   Flemming.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Groundwater; Malaria; Waterborne diseases; Land use; Public health; Farmers; Institutions; Infrastructure; Maps; Statistics; Rice; Farm Management; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113607

Pesticides:  Health impacts and alternatives.  Proceedings of a workshop held in Colombo, 24 January 2002
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Pest control; Pesticide residues; Public health; Legislation; Policy; Social aspects; Risks; Health Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92700

Acerca de la magnitud de la inequidad en salud en el Perú
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Valdivia,   Martin.
El análisis presentado en este documento muestra que la magnitud de las inequidades en salud y en la utilización de servicios de salud en el Perú es muy grande, aun para un país con el nivel de desarrollo del Perú. En consecuencia, se plantea que dichas inequidades deben ser abordadas de manera urgente por investigadores y diseñadores de política, tomando en cuenta que la literatura internacional establece cada vez con mayor contundencia que el crecimiento económico no es suficiente para lograr tal objetivo.  La contribución del análisis empírico incluido en este documento al abordaje de la inequidad en salud y en los servicios relacionados con ella tiene dos componentes fundamentales. En primer lugar, se analiza la robustez de los resultados presentados...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Salud pública; Servicios de salud; Indicadores de salud; Perú; Public health; Health services; Health indicators; Peru; Health Economics and Policy; I11; I18.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37756

Low-cost options for reducing consumer health risks from farm to fork where crops are irrigated with polluted water in West Africa.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Amoah,   Philip; Keraita,   Bernard; Akple,   Maxwell; Drechsel,   Pay; Abaidoo,   Robert Clement; Konradsen,   Flemming.
To identify interventions which reduce health risks of consumers where highly polluted irrigation water is used to irrigate vegetables in West Africa, scientists worked over 5 years with farmers, market traders and street food vendors in Ghana. The most promising low-cost interventions with high adoption potential were analyzed for their ability to reduce common levels of pathogens (counts of fecal coliforms and helminth eggs). The analysis showed the combination potential of various interventions, especially on-farm and during vegetable washing in line with the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. The tested market-based interventions were important to prevent new or additional contamination.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Urban agriculture; Consumers; Public health; Health hazards; Risk management; Vegetable growing; Wastewater irrigation; Irrigation methods; Irrigation practices; Wastewater treatment; Filtration; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; Production Economics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108673

ASYMMETRY IN RAW MILK SAFETY PERCEPTIONS AND INFORMATION: IMPLICATIONS FOR RISK IN FRESH PRODUCE MARKETING AND POLICY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Knutson,   Ronald D.; Currier,   Russell W.; Ribera,   Luis A.; Goeringer,   L. Paul.
Scientific evidence clearly indicates that consumption of raw milk carries substantial disease-inducing health risks. While federal U.S. policy mandates that milk moving in interstate commerce be pasteurized; within 41 of 50 states, raw milk can be obtained for consumption. Warning labels notwithstanding, a segment of U.S. consumers pays higher prices for higher-risk raw milk than for either organic or conventional milk. The behavioral factors leading to raw milk consumption are explored. The paternalistic regulatory options for reducing the risk associated with drinking raw milk are identified. Implications for fresh produce sold directly from farms to consumers or through farmers markets are drawn.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Raw milk; Pasteurization; Health risks; Behavioral economics; Bounded rationality; Paternalistic regulations; Public health; HACCP; GLOBALG.A.P.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; A12; A13; A14; D11; D18; D46; D71; D78; D82; I18; K23; K32; Q11; Q18.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116440

The Economics of Alternative Strategies for the Reduction of Food-borne Diseases in Developing Countries: The Case of Diarrhea in Rwanda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: von Witzke,   Harald; Kirschke,   Dieter; Lotze-Campen,   Hermann; Noleppa,   Steffen.
The paper provides a methodology which is suitable for the analysis of the social cost of disease and the benefits and cost of health intervention by integrating public health analysis and economics. The approach developed in the paper is applied to food-borne diarrhea in Rwanda. The results suggest that simple treatments such as Oral Rehydration Therapy have a higher social rate of return than consumer protection via education.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Public health; Consumer protection; Social cost; Economics of food-borne diseases; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; I12; I18; Q12.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18830

AVALIAÇÃO DOS BENEFÍCIOS SOCIOECONÔMICOS DO SANEAMENTO AMBIENTAL NO MUNICÍPIO DE CUIABÁ NO PERÍODO DE 2000 A 2005
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mendes,   Carlos Magno; Silva,   Cristiane Marcela Oliveira.
Fatores relacionados às condições de vida da população e às questões ambientais precárias são freqüentemente citados como os maiores responsáveis pela incidência de doenças e, às vezes, por traduzirem obstáculos ao controle de surtos de epidemias. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar os benefícios diretos e indiretos decorrentes do impacto da falta de planejamento urbano e de sua conseqüente infra-estrutura sanitária e ambiental deficitária no município de Cuiabá, no período de 2000 a 2005. Diante do saneamento ambiental falho, prejudicial à saúde humana, a análise enfoca as doenças de maior notificação e incidência, tais como diarréia, dengue e hanseníase.  O Método dos Custos Evitáveis (MCE), que relaciona a poluição ambiental e sua conseqüente afetação à...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Saneamento ambiental; Saúde pública; Morbidade e mortalidade; Custos evitáveis; Environmental sanitation; Public health; Morbidity and mortality; Avoidable costs; Community/Rural/Urban Development; I 11; I 18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109787

Current policy and status of DDT use for malaria control in Ethiopia, Uganda, Kenya and South Africa.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Biscoe,   Melanie L.; Mutero,   Clifford M.; Kramer,   Randall A.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Malaria; Waterborne diseases; Disease vectors; Public health; Policy; Ddt; Legal aspects; Pesticide residues; Case studies; Health Economics and Policy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92015

Effects of Environmental Regulation on Economic Activity and Pollution in Commercial Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sneeringer,   Stacy E.
Research on environmental regulation’s effects on economic activity has largely focused on manufacturing, ignoring one of the major polluters in the U.S. – commercial agriculture.  As livestock production has become increasingly mobile, regulation has become an important criterion in firm location.  This article extends the literature on environmental regulation’s economic effects to commercial agriculture by exploiting a series of regulations adopted in North Carolina in the 1990s.  During this time, the state’s hog production more than tripled as a consequence of welcoming state legislation.  This sudden growth creates an opportunity to study how environmental regulation affects the location of economic activity, the externality costs of legislation...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Livestock; Externality; Regulation; Public health; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Health Economics and Policy; Livestock Production/Industries; Q5.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46591

Faciliter l’adoption d’interventions de securite alimentaire dans le secteur des aliments de rue et dans les champs
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Karg,   Hanna; Drechsel,   Pay; Amoah,   Philip; Jeitler,   Regina.
This chapter discusses the implementation challenges of the WHO Guidelines on safe wastewater use pertaining to the adoption of the so-called ‘post-treatment’ or ‘non-treatment’ options, like safer irrigation practices or appropriate vegetablewashing in kitchens. Due to limited risk awareness and immediate benefits of wastewater irrigation, it is unlikely that a broad adoption of recommended practices will automatically follow revised policies or any educational campaign and training. Most of the recommended practices do not only require behaviourchange but might also increase operational costs. In such a situation, significant efforts are required to explore how conventional and/or social marketing can support the desired behaviour-change towards the...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Food safety; Restaurants; Public health; Social behaviour; Wastewater irrigation; Vegetables; Guidelines; West Africa; Ghana; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124376

Urban wastewater:  A valuable resource for agriculture - A case study from Haroonabad, Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: van der Hoek,   Wim; Ul Hassan,   Mehmood; Ensink,   Jeroen H.J.; Feenstra,   Sabiena; Raschid-Sally,   Liqa; Munir,   Sarfraz; Aslam,   Rizwan; Ali,   Nazim; Hussain,   Raheela; Matsuno,   Yutaka.
Farming communities in water-scarce regions increasingly practice the use of urban wastewater in agriculture. Untreated urban wastewater is generally considered unacceptable for direct use because of potential health risks. However, in many parts of the world, poor farmers in peri-urban areas use untreated wastewater. This situation is considered likely to continue even in the foreseeable future due to the high investment cost associated with the installation of treatment facilities.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Waste waters; Irrigation water; Water reuse; Economic analysis; Soil properties; Households; Water availability; Water use; Water quality; Groundwater; Public health; Risks; Case studies; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Production Economics; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44566

An Optimal Control Framework to Address the Relationship between Water Resource Management and Water-Borne Health Impacts:  Focus on the Texas Lower Rio Grande Valley
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Leidner,   Andrew J.; Lacewell,   Ronald D.; Rister,   M. Edward; Sturdivant,   Allen W.
The objective of this study is develop a theoretical model that can evaluate two types of public health expenditures on water-borne health risks: water-related municipal services, an ex ante preventative measure against water-borne contamination, and medical treatment, an ex post treatment of the water-borne pollutant’s harmful effects on human health.  The modeled community can allocate resources in either centralized-municipal water-services, point-of-use water-services, or medical intervention, with expenditures subject to a budget constraint.  The movement of a water-borne illness through the community is modeled with a susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) disease framework.  An optimization framework is developed, including a statement of the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Water; Public health; Rural development; Dynamic optimization; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98806

Human Milk: An Invisible Food Resource
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hatloy,   Anne; Oshaug,   Arne.
Human milk is a food that meets all conditions for an infant's nutrition security and is the most important food for more than 10 percent of the population in Sub-Saharan Africa (children less than three years of age). Statistics on production of human milk at local and national levels are lacking for Africa. In this paper, the quantity of human milk production in Mali, Senegal, Nigeria, and Zimbabwe is estimated. The annual production in the urban and rural areas in a county in Mali is estimated at 13 and 17 kilograms per capita, respectively. National annual median production is estimated to be between 144,000 (Mali) and 1.3 million metric tons (Nigeria), and production per capita between 8 (Zimbabwe) and 15 kilograms per year (Mali). In Sub-Saharan...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Sub-Saharan Africa; Food Security; Human Nutrition; Public health; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97292

The economics of reducing food-borne diseases in developing countries: the case of diarrhea in Rwanda
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: von Witzke,   Harald; Kirschke,   Dieter; Lotze-Campen,   Hermann; Noleppa,   Steffen.
The paper provides a methodology which is suitable for the analysis of the social cost of disease and the benefits and cost of health intervention by integrating public health analysis and economics. The approach developed in the paper is applied to food-borne diarrhea in Rwanda. The results suggest that both prevention and treatment are socially very profitable. However, simple treatments such as Oral Rehydration Therapy have a higher social rate of return than prevention.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Public health; Consumer protection; Social cost; Economics of foodborne diseases; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97395

Wastewater use in agriculture: Review of impacts and methodological issues in valuing impacts
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hussain,   Intizar; Raschid,   Liqa; Hanjra,   Munir A.; Marikar,   Fuard; van der Hoek,   Wim.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Waste waters; Water quality; Flow; Water reuse; Recycling; Irrigation water; Public health; Crop production; Salinity; Soil properties; Groundwater; Ecology; Social impact; Economic impact; Cost benefit analysis; Crop Production/Industries; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; Health Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92696

Economics of Biofortification
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Qaim,   Matin; Stein,   Alexander J.; Meenakshi,   J.V.
Micronutrient malnutrition affects billions of people world-wide, causing serious health problems. Different micronutrient interventions are currently being used, but their overall coverage is relatively limited. Biofortification – that is, breeding staple food crops for higher micronutrient contents – has been proposed as a new agriculture-based approach. Yet, as biofortified crops are still under development, relatively little is known about their economic impacts and wider ramifications. In this article, the main factors that will influence their future success are discussed, and a methodology for economic impact assessment is presented, combining agricultural, nutrition, and health aspects. Ex ante studies from India and other developing countries...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Micronutrient malnutrition; Public health; Biofortification; Agricultural technology; Impact analysis; Developing countries; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; I1; I3; O1; O3; Q1.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25584

Food-Chain-Politik – Element einer strategischen Neuorientierung der Agrarpolitik
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Reisch,   Lucia A.
European agricultural policy has undergone profound changes during the past decade. The nucleus of this reform has been the transformation of the agricultural and food policy from a producer centred perspective of agriculture to a more market and consumer oriented food chain approach. Such a systemic perspective calls for a stronger and systematic integration of the more demand-oriented policy fields of food, consumer and public health policy as well as of elements of politics of sustainable development along the whole food chain. The paper analyzes the reasons and consequences of these developments, and calls for an integrated “food chain politics” approach. Implications for the future design of practical and academic agricultural policy are drawn.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food chain; Reform of Agricultural Policy (CAP); Consumer policy; Food policy; Public health; Sustainable development; Consumer orientation; Agricultural and food policy research; European food law; Food chain politics; Agricultural and Food Policy; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97316

FIRMS’ RESPONSES TO NUTRITIONAL POLICIES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Duvaleix-Treguer,   Sabine; Hammoudi,   Hakim; Rouached,   Lamia; Soler,   Louis-Georges.
The aim of this paper is to examine the effects of nutritional policies on the behavior of firms, particularly in terms of food quality and prices, and to assess the potential impacts of such policies from a public health point of view. We determine how new products that are nutritionally improved can emerge in a market where incumbent firms offer competing unhealthy products. We also highlight a non-intentional effect of such policies: if consumer heterogeneity is high, then an information policy may simultaneously provide health benefits to the population as a whole but worsen the health of consumers that are less aware of nutritional effects. For a given level of nutritional tax, we determine the optimal threshold that firms must meet to avoid taxation....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Nutrition policy; Product differentiation; Firms’ strategies; Taxation; Quality standards; Public health; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Health Economics and Policy; L15; I18; H23.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116399

Minimizing the negative environmental and health impacts of agricultural water resources development in Sub-Saharan Africa
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McCartney,   Matthew P.; Boelee,   Eline; Cofie,   Olufunke O.; Mutero,   Clifford M.
This paper provides a synopsis of environmental and health impacts arising from agricultural water development in sub-Saharan Africa and recommends ways to increase the sustainability of investments in irrigation by giving greater prominence to health and environmental concerns. In many places in the region, irrigation is a key means of enhancing agricultural productivity that can reduce poverty and improve livelihoods. However, failure to adequately foresee, plan and manage the negative environmental and health impacts arising from irrigation undermines the sustainability of many schemes and can worsen poverty. To improve sustainability, environmental and health issues must be at the core of future irrigation development with much greater emphasis on the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Water resources development; Irrigation management; Investment; Environmental effects; Public health; Risk management; Environmental Economics and Policy; Health Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91873

Genetic Similarities of Escherichia Coli Isolated from Different Substrates of the Broiler Production Chain
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Teles,PFS; Boiago,MM; Frigo,A; Rampazzo,L; Araújo,DN; Kich,JD; Rebelatto,R; Furian,TQ; Stefani,LM.
ABSTRACT Brazil is the largest exporter of chicken meat and poultry farming is one of the most important productive segments, despite major losses due to the bacterium Escherichia coli, which is also a zoonotic microorganism. The objetive of this study was to isolate E. coli and to evaluate its transmissibility potential from the field to chicken meat using the Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) technique. Environmental samples (poultry litter, soil and water) were collected from broiler farms located in the South of Brazil where the majority of the Brazilian poultry production occurs. In addition, chicken meat (gizzard, heart, drumette and tulip) samples were collected from local supermarkets. As results, 47.36% of the samples were positives for E....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Environment; Epidemiology; Microbiology; Public health; Pulsed field gel electrophoresis.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2021000100308

Antimicrobial Resistance in Salmonella Serovars Isolated From an Egg-Producing Region in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Benevides,VP; Rubio,MS; Alves,LBR; Barbosa,FO; Souza,AIS; Almeida,AM; Casas,MRT; Guastalli,EAL; Soares,NM; Berchieri Jr,A.
ABSTRACT Fowl paratyphoid infections are caused by different Salmonella serovars that can affect a wide range of hosts. Due to its complex epidemiology, Salmonella serovar identification is crucial for the development and implementation of monitoring and control programs in poultry farms. Moreover, the characterization of the antimicrobial resistance profiles of Salmonella strains isolated from livestock is relevant to public health because they are a common causative agent of foodborne diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate the presence of Salmonella spp. and to identify the antimicrobial resistance profiles of strains isolated in the midwestern region of São Paulo state, which accounts for the highest production of table eggs in Brazil....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antimicrobial susceptibility; Foodborne disease; Salmonellosis; Multi-drug resistance; Public health.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2020000200319

Toxoplasma Gondii and Neospora Caninum Antibodies in Backyard Chickens in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Camillo,G; Cadore,GC; Ferreira,MST; Braünig,P; Maciel,JF; Pivoto,FL; Sangioni,LA; Vogel,FSF.
Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum are two intracellular apicomplexan protozoa with worldwide distribution, and are responsible for reproductive disorders in sheep and cattle. These protozoa may infect a wide variety of domestic and wild animals, including birds, and backyard chickens can be used as sentinels of their infection. Parasites investigation in backyard chickens may be useful for the evaluation of environmental contamination with oocysts, of the disease cycle, and of risk factors associated with public health. The aim of this study was establish the importance of backyard chickens as T. gondii and N. caninum hosts. A number of 137 serum samples were collected from chickens in 23 farms in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, and tested for...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Backyard chickens; Neosporosis; Public health; Toxoplasmosis.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2015000200263

Bacteriological and Histopathological Evaluation of Articulations of Chickens Diagnosed with Arthritis
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Marcon,AV; Oliveira,GF De; Caldara,FR; Garcia,RG; Matins,RA; Marcon,A; Crone,C; Assunción,ASA.
ABSTRAT Arthritis implies inflammation of the intra-articular structures and is one of the causes of condemnation in broilers. The disease is associated with infectious agents such as Staphylococcus aureus, which may pose a potential public health risk. This work was conducted with the objective to determine the occurrence of arthritis in broiler chickens, predominantly of bacterial staphylococcal origin and if there is a difference between the degrees of injury regarding the presence of the bacterium and the histological lesion. Sixty samples of chickens diagnosed with arthritis by Federal Inspection Service from commercial slaughterhouse were collected according to their severity (of mild and severe degree) and submitted to bacteriological and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Infectious; Inflammatory; Public health; Staphylococcus aureus.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2019000200500

Abandonment of dogs in Latin America: review of literature
Provedor de dados: 195
Autores: Alves, Ana Julia Silva e; Guilloux, Aline Gil Alves; Zetun, Carolina Ballarini; Polo, Gina; Braga, Guilherme Basseto; Panachão, Ligia Issberner; Santos, Oswaldo; Dias, Ricardo Augusto.
The relinquishment of animals is frequent and common throughout all the Latin America, causing losses in the areas of public health, social, ecological, economic and animal welfare. Among the main causes of pet relinquishment are behavioral problems, lack of space in houses, the lifestyle of the owner, lack of information about the owner responsibilities and costs associated with the keeping of animals. The number of laws related to animal welfare has been growing, due to pressure from the civil population but abandoned animals are a problem of responsibility of all the society. The role of the veterinarian is to inform and educate their customers about the topic. Reduce the relinquishment animal is a public challenge with cultural and long-term solution,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Dogs; Abandonment; Public health; Animal welfare; Latin America cães; Abandono; Saúde pública; Bem-estar animal; América Latina.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.revistamvez-crmvsp.com.br/index.php/recmvz/article/view/16221

Main parasitic zoonosis transmitted by fish - a review
Provedor de dados: 195
Autores: Okumura, Maria Paula Martinez; de Pérez, Agar Costa Alexandrino; Espíndola Filho, Antonio.
Parasitic zoonosis transmitted by fish are an ever growing problem which calls the attention of researchers and public health authorities because of the health problems caused to the population after raw / rare fish consumption. In Brazil, dishes based on raw fish, such as "sushi" and "sashimis" are greatly consumed because of the influence of oriental culinary. Data show that there are zoonotic parasites in both Brazilian fresh and sea water fish. However, up to the present, there are no reports of human parasitism in Brazil (except for fagicolosis). It is believed that this statistics are related to the absence of diagnosis rather than the absence of the illness itself. Among diseases transmitted to man by fish consumption are anisakiasis;...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Fish; Zoonosis; Parasitism; Public health; Raw fish consumption peixes; Zoonoses; Parasitismo; Saúde pública.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.revistamvez-crmvsp.com.br/index.php/recmvz/article/view/3386

Canine responsible ownership in Botucatu city, SP: realities and chalengers
Provedor de dados: 195
Autores: de Souza, Luiz Carlos; Modolo, José Rafael; Padovani, Carlos Roberto; Mendonça, André de Oliveira; Lopes, Ana Lúcia Scarelli; da Silva, Wellington Borges.
Aspects related to owner dog care were investigated by questionnaire in Botucatu, SP, during the 33rd annual anti-rabies vaccination campaign. From the 1168 owners interviewed, 67.98% were not aware of the need for vaccines other than anti-rabies; 32.11% did not treat their dogs annually with vermifuges; and 76.89% used ectoparasiticides at the most once a year. Of the 120 owners that exercise their dogs on the street, only one collects the feces. In relation to feeding, 50.09% receive only commercial products. Results showed 187 dogs for every 100 owners. With regard to veterinary assistance, 56.59% never take their dogs to a clinic; 49.57% reported not being able to afford a consultation. For monthly cost, 44.69% reported spending less than R$20.00 per...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Responsible ownership; Animal health; Public health; Dog Posesión responsable; Salud animal; Salud pública; Perro posse responsável; Saúde animal; Saúde pública; Cão.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.revistamvez-crmvsp.com.br/index.php/recmvz/article/view/3277

Cachaça Production in Brazil and its Main Contaminant (Ethyl Carbamate)
Provedor de dados: 63
Autores: Silva,João Henrique do Nascimento e; Verruma-Bernardi,Marta Regina; Oliveira,Alessandra Lopes de.
ABSTRACT This review aims to demonstrate the possible formation of Ethyl carbamate (EC) in different production stages of cachaça. EC is a carcinogen confirmed in animal experiments and possibly carcinogenic to humans. EC incidence below relevant health limits naturally affects many fermented foods and beverages. Concentrations above 1 mg L–1 are often detected in certain spirits derived from cyanogenic plants. In Brazil, cachaça is widely consumed and therefore consumers are at health risk if they drink EC beverages at high concentrations, since the amount of EC in cachaça (sugar cane brandy) constantly exceeds the threshold 0.21 mg L–1, damaging the health of consumers and hindering exportation to North America and Europe. Many studies have reported on...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Sugarcane; Spirits; Quality; Beverage; Public health.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162020000201800

GENETICALLY MODIFIED FOOD CROPS AND PUBLIC HEALTH
Provedor de dados: 37
Autores: ACOSTA,ORLANDO; CHAPARRO,ALEJANDRO.
The progress made in plant biotechnology has provided an opportunity to new food crops being developed having desirable traits for improving crop yield, reducing the use of agrochemicals and adding nutritional properties to staple crops. However, genetically modified (GM) crops have become a subject of intense debate in which opponents argue that GM crops represent a threat to individual freedom, the environment, public health and traditional economies. Despite the advances in food crop agriculture, the current world situation is still characterised by massive hunger and chronic malnutrition, representing a major public health problem. Biofortified GM crops have been considered an important and complementary strategy for delivering naturally-fortified...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biofortification; Genetically modified food; Public health; Risk assessment.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0120-548X2008000300001

Análise microbiológica de doces de leite vendidos em feiras livres de Pelotas, Estado do Rio Grande do Sul - DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v31i2.676
Provedor de dados: 3
Autores: Destri, Kelli; UFPEL; Bairros, Jacqueline; UFPEL; Vargas, Bianca Languer; UFPEL; Nascente, Patrícia da Silva; UFPEL; Del Pino, Francisco Augusto Burkert; UFPEL; Lund, Rafael Guerra; UFPEL.
O consumo de doce de leite caseiro, vendido em feiras livres, é comum no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Geralmente, estes produtos não são fabricados em acordo com as boas normas de fabricação e podem constituir perigo à saúde do consumidor. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar, microbiologicamente, amostras de doce de leite comercializado nas feiras livres da cidade de Pelotas, Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, conforme legislação em vigor da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária – Anvisa, e, dessa forma, verificar as condições sanitárias do produto em questão. Foram adquiridas, aleatoriamente, amostras de doce de leite de feiras livres existentes na cidade de Pelotas, Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Das 12 feiras cadastradas na prefeitura de...
Palavras-chave: 2.00.00.00-6 Ciências Biológicas contaminação bacteriana; Saúde pública; Alimentos Microbiologia Aplicada contamination by bacteria; Public health; Food.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciBiolSci/article/view/676

Dilemma in the Brazilian Tropical Medicine: ‘Is speed more important than direction?’
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: Lacerda,Marcus V.G.; Val,Fernando F.A.; Monteiro,Wuelton M.
Abstract Abstract: With the recent changes in the epidemiology of infectious diseases in Brazil, research funding has been changing in a manner that does not properly consider biodiversity and poverty-related diseases. The burden of disease and the affected neglected populations need to be part of the equation in developeding countries with limited funding.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Tropical diseases; Brazil; Science; Politics; Public health.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652019000600801

Seabather's eruption: report of fourteen cases
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: ROSSETTO,ANDRÉ LUIZ; SILVEIRA,FÁBIO LANG DA; MORANDINI,ANDRÉ CARRARA; HADDAD JUNIOR,VIDAL; RESGALLA JUNIOR,CHARRID.
Seabather's eruption is a papulo-pruritic dermatitis caused by the nematocysts of the larvae of the jellyfish Linuche unguiculata retained in the clothing fibers. Previously reported in Brazil, this work describes fourteen cases that occurred in the State of Santa Catarina, in southern Brazil. The new cases observed over a short period of time (the first half of January, 2012), at the height of the summer season, should alert health teams to possible epidemics on the coast of the state of Santa Catarina.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cnidaria; Dermatitis; Nematocysts; Public health; Southern Brazil.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652015000100431

Beyond diversity loss and climate change: Impacts of Amazon deforestation on infectious diseases and public health
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: ELLWANGER,JOEL HENRIQUE; KULMANN-LEAL,BRUNA; KAMINSKI,VALÉRIA L.; VALVERDE-VILLEGAS,JACQUELINE MARÍA; VEIGA,ANA BEATRIZ G. DA; SPILKI,FERNANDO R.; FEARNSIDE,PHILIP M.; CAESAR,LÍLIAN; GIATTI,LEANDRO LUIZ; WALLAU,GABRIEL L.; ALMEIDA,SABRINA E.M.; BORBA,MAURO R.; HORA,VANUSA P. DA; CHIES,JOSÉ ARTUR B.
Abstract  Amazonian biodiversity is increasingly threatened due to the weakening of policies for combating deforestation, especially in Brazil. Loss of animal and plant species, many not yet known to science, is just one among many negative consequences of Amazon deforestation. Deforestation affects indigenous communities, riverside as well as urban populations, and even planetary health. Amazonia has a prominent role in regulating the Earth’s climate, with forest loss contributing to rising regional and global temperatures and intensification of extreme weather events. These climatic conditions are important drivers of emerging infectious diseases, and activities associated with deforestation contribute to the spread of disease vectors. This review...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Amazon rainforest; Biodiversity; Emerging infectious disease; Deforestation; Pathogens; Public health.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652020000100724

Pathogenic Vibrio species isolated from estuarine environments (Ceará, Brazil) - antimicrobial resistance and virulence potential profiles
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: MENEZES,FRANCISCA G.R. DE; RODRIGUEZ,MARINA T.T.; CARVALHO,FÁTIMA C.T. DE; REBOUÇAS,ROSA H.; COSTA,RENATA A.; SOUSA,OSCARINA V. DE; HOFER,ERNESTO; VIEIRA,REGINE H.S.F.
ABSTRACT Detection of virulent strains associated with aquatic environment is a current concern for the management and control of human and animal health. Thus, Vibrio diversity was investigated in four estuaries from state of Ceará (Pacoti, Choró, Pirangi and Jaguaribe) followed by antimicrobial susceptibility to different antimicrobials used in aquaculture and detection of main virulence factors to human health. Isolation and identification were performed on TCBS agar (selective medium) and dichotomous key based on biochemical characteristics, respectively. Nineteen strains of genus Vibrio were catalogued. Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Choró River) and V. alginolyticus (Pacoti River) were the most abundant species in the four estuaries. All strains were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Vibrio spp.; Pathogen; Estuaries; Public health; Water.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652017000301175

The presence of dermatophytes in infected pets and their household environment
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Neves,J.J.A.; Paulino,A.O.; Vieira,R.G.; Nishida,E.K.; Coutinho,S.D.A.
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to diagnose dermatophytosis in pets and investigate the presence of dermatophytes in their home environment. Samples from hair coat were collected from 70 pets: 47 dogs, 19 cats, three guinea pigs and one rabbit. After mycological culture, 188 samples were collected from the household environments in 26 homes: 78 from places were of predominantly used by the tutors, 66 from places used by the animals, 44 from flooring, and 24 samples from contactees. Samples were seeded on Mycosel agar, incubated at 25°C, and the colonies were identified by their macro-and-microscopic characteristics. Dermatophytes were found in 37.1% of the samples originating from the sick animals. Microsporum canis was the most prevalent species,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Public health; Zoonosis; Household environment; Pets; Dermatophytes.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352018000601747

Bacterial microbiota present in the gallbladder of cattle and antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus isolates
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Dias,F.S.; Santos,I.F.; Franco,R.M.; Nascimento,E.R.
Pathogenic microorganisms can reside transiently or permanently in the gallbladder of cattle. Thus, during slaughter, more attention should be given to the gastrointestinal tract, especially to the accessory organ, the gallbladder. The main aim of this study was to characterize the bacterial microbiota present in bile and gallbladder epithelium of cattle slaughtered in a slaughtering plant under sanitary conditions and to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance in strains of the genus Staphylococcus. Thirty intact gallbladders were collected and the in bile and epithelium were researched for the presence of Aerobic Mesophilic Heterotrophic Bacteria (AMHB), Staphylococcusspp., total Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcus spp. and Salmonella spp. The frequency of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cattle gallbladder; Pathogenic microorganisms; Persistent carrier; Public health.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352014000300641

Identifying anti-Toxocara IgG antibodies in horses of Mexico
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Heredia,R.; Romero,C.; Mendoza,G.D.; Ponce,M.; Carpio,J.C.
ABSTRACT Both the presence of owned dogs and stray dogs allows the spread of Toxocara, a parasite whose eggs can be found in soil, water and food. Animals, including horses, serve as definitive and paratenic hosts. In México, where consumption of horse meat is common, Toxocara is a zoonotic parasite. The aim of this study was to identify the presence of anti-Toxocara antibodies in work horses and horses intended for human consumption by ELISA. ELISA was chosen for analysis as paratenic hosts do not shed Toxocara eggs in their feces. Blood samples were collected from a total of 188 horses, 94 of which were work horses and 94 horses from the slaughter house. Samples were analyzed by ELISA, and the general equine seroprevalence was found to be 44.6% (n =...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Horses; Toxocara; Public health; Zoonoses.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352018000100001

Eco-epidemiological study on sandflies and environmental aspects related to the transmission of leishmaniasis in a municipality of Minas Gerais, Brazil, 2015-2016
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Gomes,L.B.; Dias,E.S.; Silva,S.C.P.F.; Carvalho,P.C.F.B.; Santos,A.G.R.C.; .Michalsky,E; Lara-Silva,F.O.; Souza,A.G.M.; Fortes-Dias,C.L.; Morais,M.H.F.; Nicolino,R.R.; Soares,D.F.M.
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate Leishmania vectors and investigate the environmental and climatic characteristics related to their transmission. This was a prospective eco-epidemiological study involving the systematic collection of sandflies and a canine serological survey in areas of municipality in Brazil. Blood samples from 1,752 dogs were examined to test for canine visceral leishmaniasis (VL). An entomological evaluation was carried out using 24 light traps in the peridomicile and intradomicile areas of 12 households for 12 months. Climate variables were analyzed using a simple Spearman correlation and a spatial analysis via the fuzzy logic method and K function. The prevalence rate of canine VL was 4.1% and 7.1% in the two areas that...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Leishmania infantum; Visceral Leishmaniasis; Lutzomyia; Sandflies; Public health.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352019000601805

Reproductive parameters of Lonomia obliqua Walker, 1855 (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) in laboratory
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Lorini,Lisete Maria; Rebelato,Gisele Sana; Bonatti,Juliano.
Lonomia obliqua is an insect that has urticant spines in the larval stage. This species may cause death as a result of haemorrhages caused by a toxin released from the caterpillar's spines onto the skin of the victim. Since 1989 when this species was identified in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, many accidents have happened. The aim of this study was to verify the oviposition, fecundity, fertility, viability of eggs and incubation period of the species. Adults were left in a moth's cage to mate and lay eggs. Thirteen couples were observed daily, and the number of eggs and the caterpillars emerged were recorded. The results showed a mean of 2.8 (± 1.3) ovipositions, a mean fecundity of 135.3 (± 54.4) eggs/female, a mean fertility of 111.9 (± 55.4) eggs/female, a...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Lonomia obliqua; Urticant caterpillar; Public health; Fecundity; Fertility.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132004000400011

Harmful phytoplankton blooms and fish mortality in a eutrophicated reservoir of northeast Brazil
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Chellappa,Naithirithi Tiruvenkatachary; Chellappa,Sarah Laxhmi; Chellappa,Sathyabama.
The aim of this work was to study the eutrophication in the tropical freshwater ecosystems and the consequent cyanobacterial bloom formation and economical damage to fisheries and harmful effects to public health. Mass fish mortality due to toxin producing cyanobacterial blooms was registered during December 2003 in Marechal Dutra Reservoir, Acari/RN, Northeast Brazil. Phytoplankton and fish samplings were carried out on alternate days during the episode of fish mortality and monthly during January to June 2004. The cyanobacterial toxin was identified and quantified from the seston samples and liver of the dead fishes using the standard HPLC method. The results indicated that the toxic blooms of Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii and Microcystis aeruginosa...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Harmful algal blooms; Anthropogenic activity; Fish mortality; Reservoir; Public health.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132008000400022

Co-Infection by Sarcoptes scabiei and Microsporum gypseum in Free-Ranging Crab-Eating Fox, Cerdocyon thous (Linnaeus, 1766).
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Almeida,Jonatas Campos de; Leal,Carlos Adriano de Santana; Melo,Renata Pimentel Bandeira de; Albuquerque,Pedro Paulo Feitosa de; Pedrosa,Camila de Morais; Zermiani,Fabiana Correa; Farias,Roberto Citelli de; Mota,Rinaldo Aparecido.
ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to describe the clinical manifestation, treatment and outcome of a case of co- infection by Sarcoptes scabiei and Microsporum gypseum in Cerdocyon thous (crab-eating fox) from Northeastern Brazil.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Dermatophytes; Public health; Sarcoptic mange; Wild canid; Zoonose.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132018000100313

Isolation of Mycobacterium spp. in milk from cows suspected or positive to tuberculosis
Provedor de dados: 62
Autores: PARDO,Renata Bonini; LANGONI,Hélio; MENDONÇA,Lia Jeanne Pereira; CHI,Kung Dahr.
This study was performed considering the public health hazards related to the elimination of mycobacteria through milk of dairy cows suspected or positive for tuberculosis presenting no clinical alterations. A total of 780 milk samples from 52 animals, positive or suspected for tuberculosis, according to Stormont's test, were analysed to detect Mycobacterium spp. The samples consisted of 300 ml/cow, collected in the first milking of the day, during 15 days. Frozen samples were sent to the laboratory, inoculated in Löwenstein-Jensen with reduced glicerol (0.5%) and Stonebrink media and kept under 37ºC for at least 90 days. The genus of each observed colony was initially confirmed by Ziehl-Neelsen and auramin staining methods. The isolation of Mycobacterium...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Tuberculosis; Cattle; Milk; Public health; Mycobacterium.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-95962001000600007

Emerging and reemerging diseases in Brazil: data of a recent history of risks and uncertainties
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Cardoso,Telma Abdalla de Oliveira; Navarro,Marli B.M. de Albuquerque.
This article discusses the emergence and reemergence of infectious diseases on the basis of a review of the literature. It shows the critical situations faced worldwide and in special Brazil's susceptible position due to its complexity, mostly represented by the mega-biodiversity of the country and its socio-economic problems directly affecting public health. It approaches the discussions around the issue with emphasis to the recommended investments in the health sector, directed to surveillance and to strengthening the epidemiological, laboratorial and clinical bases and centered on preventive and control measures in the affected areas including Biosafety.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Emerging and reemerging infectious diseases; Epidemiology; Public health; Biosafety.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702007000400013

Health surveillance, biosafety and emergence and re-emergence of infectious diseases in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Cardoso,Telma Abdalla de Oliveira; Navarro,Marli BM de Albuquerque; Costa Neto,Cristina; Moreira,Josino Costa.
The present paper presents compulsory notification data for infectious diseases and epidemiologic ones recorded at the Center for Strategic Information and Health Surveillance (CIEVS) for the period of March 2006 to April 2007. Data is presented in accordance with geographic distribution, time and risk classification of the etiologic agents found, according to Ministry of Health regulations. The importance of this epidemiologic surveillance system is presented, debating the main topics required for quality improvement and information analysis. It is concluded, from the analysis of epidemiologic events and their relation to risk management, that the compulsory notification system in Brazil is incomplete, irregular, delayed and, in a large percentage of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biosafety; Epidemiologic surveillance; Infectious diseases; Public health.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702010000500018

Raw oysters can be a risk for infections
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Vieira,Regine Helena Silva dos Fernandes; Sousa,Oscarina Viana de; Costa,Renata Albuquerque; Theophilo,Grace Nazareth Diogo; Macrae,Andrew; Fonteles Filho,Antonio Adauto; Rodrigues,Dália dos Prazeres.
The aims of this study were to count and identify sucrose positive and negative vibrios isolated from cultivated Crassostrea rhizophorae oysters during their growing cycle. Every month for 12 months, 10 to 18 oysters were collected for study. Collections occurred at the Center for Studies of Coastal Aquaculture (CSCA), which is associated with the Institute of Marine Science, Labomar, located in Euzebio, Ceará, Brazil. Approximately 150 oysters and their intervalvular liquor were studied. Vibrio Standard Plates Counts (SPC) from oyster meat and their intervalvular liquor varied from 25 to 59,000,000 CFU/g. For most of the 12 months of the oysters' life, it was possible to identify Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Vibrio carchariae was identified in four...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Vibrio spp; Oyster; Public health; Vibrio parahaemolyticus; Vibrio carchariae.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702010000100013

HIV/AIDS treatment and physicochemical quality control of medicines: evaluation of non-generic lamivudine + zidovudine tablets manufactured in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Beck,Ruy Carlos Ruver; Athayde,Margareth Linde; Cardoso,Simone Gonçalves.
In this work it was evaluated the physicochemical quality of lamivudine + zidovudine tablets, whose association belongs to the list of drugs distributed by the Brazil's National Program on Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS. Four non-generic products (lamivudine + zidovudine tablets) were analyzed. They were obtained from different Brazilian manufacturers, besides a reference product. The quality was evaluated by physicochemical tests described in the official codes. A validated reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was used for the assay of the active substances. All samples were in accordance to the requisites in relation to their physicochemical characteristics. Dissolution studies showed similar drug percentual...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antiretroviral therapy; Quality control; Lamivudine; Public health; Tablets; Zidovudine.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702007000600003

The value of public health research and the division between basic vs. applied science
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Almeida-Filho,Naomar; Goldbaum,Moisés.
We question the movement towards exclusion of population and social health research from the field of science. The background under analysis is contemporary Brazil, where the scientific field that hosts this kind of research is known as Collective Health. First, the problem is formalized on logical grounds, evaluating the pertinence of considering unscientific the many objects and methods of public health research. Secondly, the cases of pulmonary tuberculosis and external causes are brought in as illustrations of the kind of scientific problem faced in health research today. The logical and epistemological basis of different forms of "scientific segregation" based on biomedical reductionism is analyzed, departing from three theses: (i) the ethics of the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Public health; Collective health; Basic sciences; Applied sciences; Science and technology policy; Brazil.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702003000100010

Self-reported syphilis and associated factors among Brazilian young adults: findings from a nationwide survey
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Kops,Natália Luiza; Bessel,Marina; Hohenberger,Glaucia F.; Benzaken,Adele; Wendland,Eliana.
Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate self-reported syphilis and associated factors in sexually active young adults (16-25 years old) in the Public Health System in Brazil. This was a cross-sectional study with 8071 participants recruited from 119 primary care units. Of these, 224 (2.86%, 95% CI 2.29-3.43%) reported having the disease. Age, lower socio-economic class, being a smoker, not using a condom at first sexual intercourse, and ever had a same-sex sexual experience were associated with syphilis. The results reinforce the importance of implementing strategies focused on socio-economic class and early sexual education that encourage condom use from the beginning of sexual activity.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Syphilis; Epidemiology; Primary care; Public health.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702019000400274

Profile of three Brazilian birth cohort studies in Ribeirão Preto, SP and São Luís, MA
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Cardoso,V.C.; Simões,V.M.F.; Barbieri,M.A.; Silva,A.A.M.; Bettiol,H.; Alves,M.T.S.S.B.; Goldani,M.Z.
We describe three birth cohort studies, respectively carried out in 1978/79 and 1994 in Ribeirão Preto, a city located in the most developed region of Brazil, and in 1997/98 in São Luís, a city located in a less developed region. The objective of the present report was to describe the methods used in these three studies, presenting their history, methodological design, objectives, developments, and difficulties faced along 28 years of research. The first Ribeirão Preto study, initially perinatal, later encompassed questions regarding the repercussions of intrauterine development on future growth and chronic adult diseases. The subjects were evaluated at birth (N = 6827), at school age (N = 2861), at the time of recruitment for military service (N = 2048),...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cohort study; Epidemiological methods; Public health; Perinatal health; Sociodemographic conditions.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2007000900003

There are more asthmatics in homes with high cockroach infestation
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Sarinho,E.; Schor,D.; Veloso,M.A.; Rizzo,J.A.
Although asthma has been commonly associated with sensitivity to cockroaches, a clear causal relationship between asthma, allergy to cockroaches and exposure levels has not been extensively investigated. The objective of the present study was to determine whether asthma occurs more frequently in children living in homes with high cockroach infestation. The intensity of household infestation was assessed by the number of dead insects after professional pesticide application. Children living in these houses in the metropolitan area of Recife, PE, were diagnosed as having asthma by means of a questionnaire based on the ISAAC study. All children had physician-diagnosed asthma and at least one acute exacerbation in the past year. Children of both sexes aged 4...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cockroaches; Asthma; Atopy; Public health; Plague control.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2004000400007

Sleep disorders, sleepiness and traffic safety: a public health menace
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Pandi-Perumal,S.R.; Verster,J.C.; Kayumov,L.; Lowe,A.D.; Santana,M.G.; Pires,M.L.N.; Tufik,S.; Mello,M.T.
Sleep disorders are not uncommon and have been widely reported throughout the world. They have a profound impact on industrialized 24-h societies. Consequences of these problems include impaired social and recreational activities, increased human errors, loss of productivity, and elevated risk of accidents. Conditions such as acute and chronic insomnia, sleep loss, excessive sleepiness, shift-work, jet lag, narcolepsy, and sleep apnea warrant public health attention, since residual sleepiness during the day may affect performance of daily activities such as driving a car. Benzodiazepine hypnotics and zopiclone promote sleep, both having residual effects the following day including sleepiness and reduced alertness. In contrast, the non-benzodiazepine...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Sleep disorders; Sleepiness; Automobile and truck drivers; Automobile traffic; Public health.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2006000700003

Mycotoxicological and palynological profiles of commercial brands of dried bee pollen
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Deveza,Michele Valadares; Keller,Kelly Moura; Lorenzon,Maria Cristina Affonso; Nunes,Lucila Maria Teixeira; Sales,Érika Oliveira; Barth,Ortrud Monika.
Abstract Pollen is used in the human diet as a food supplement because of its high nutritional value; however, this product is prone to fungal contamination that could potentially generate toxins that are harmful to human health. This study aimed to verify the floral diversity of commercial brands of bee pollen and their mycotoxicological safety for human consumption. A total of 27 bee pollen samples were analyzed; these samples represented commercial brands, either showing an inspection seal or not, marketed in the State of Rio de Janeiro. The analyzed parameters included floral diversity through palynological analysis, water activity, fungal counts, identification and toxigenic profiles. The palynological analysis identified nine plant families, of which...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bee products; Fungi; Mycotoxins; Pollen loads; Public health.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822015000401171

Occurrence and characteristics of extended spectrum beta-lactamases-producing Enterobacteriaceae from foods of animal origin
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Tekiner,İsmail Hakkı; Özpınar,Haydar.
Abstract Presence of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) in bacteria is a growing health concern of global significance. The local, regional, national, and international epidemiological studies for extended spectrum beta-lactamases-producing Enterobacteriaceae and their encoding genes in foods are still incomplete. The objective of this study was to determine the occurrence of extended spectrum beta-lactamases-producing Enterobacteriaceae and the characteristics of their encoding genes from a total of 250 samples of various foods of animal-origin (100 raw chicken meat, 100 raw cow milk, and 50 raw cow milk cheese) sold in Turkey. Overall, 55 isolates were positive as extended spectrum beta-lactamases-producing Enterobacteriaceae. The most prevalent...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bla gene; Enterobacteriaceae; ESBL; Public health; Turkey.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822016000200444

An overview of antimicrobial resistance and its public health significance
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Balsalobre,Livia Carminato; Dropa,Milena; Matté,Maria Helena.
Multiple papers have been published regarding the bacterial resistance theme over the last years. A variety of information has reached general and scientific public, daily bringing up data on new resistant microorganisms, new drugs, outbreaks, epidemiological news, resistance gene dissemination, and the lack of information in a particular field has caught our attention: the public health department. Most of researchers, physicians and government employees interpret the public health field as a separate department, not linked to this antibiotic resistance era that we are living nowadays. In this paper we carefully tried to fill in the blanks between public health and the bacteria resistance issue, also considering historical, social, economical and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antimicrobial resistance; Public health; Pre-antibiotic era.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822014000100001

Antibiotic resistance and integrons in Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC)
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Colello,Rocío; Etcheverría,Analía I.; Conza,Jose A. Di; Gutkind,Gabriel O.; Padola,Nora L.
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) cause hemorrhagic colitis (HC) and hemolytic-uremic syndrome in humans (HUS). Cattle are the main reservoir of STEC and transmission to humans occurs through contaminated food and water. Antibiotics are used in pig production systems to combat disease and improve productivity and play a key role in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes to the bacteria. Integrons have been identified in resistant bacteria allowing for the acquisition and dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes. STEC strains isolated from humans and animals have developed antibiotic resistance. In our laboratory, 21 non-157 STEC strains isolated from pigs were analyzed to detect class 1 and 2 integrons by PCR. Eight carried...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: STEC; Integrons; Multiresistance; Antibiotics; Public health.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822015000100001

Isolation of Salmonella spp. in cattle egrets (Bubulcus ibis) from Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Silva,Marcio A.; Fernandes,Érika F.S.T.; Santana,Sandra C.; Marvulo,Maria Fernanda V.; Barros,Mércia R.; Vilela,Sineide M.O.; Reis,Eliane M.F.; Mota,Rinaldo A.; Silva,Jean C.R.
Abstract The growth of the population of cattle egrets (Bubulcus ibis) in the archipelago of Fernando de Noronha constitutes a threat to public health and biological diversity because of their competition with and predation on native species and the possibility of transmission of pathogens to human beings, livestock and native wildlife. The aim here was to search for, isolate and identify serovars of Salmonella in clinically healthy local cattle egrets. Cloacal swabs were obtained from 456 clinically healthy cattle egrets of both sexes and a variety of ages. The swabs were divided into 51 pools. Six of these (11.7%) presented four serovars of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica: Salmonella serovar Typhimurium; Salmonella serovar Newport; Salmonella...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ardeidae; Oceanic islands; Conservation medicine; Enterobacteriaceae; Public health.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822018000300559

Frequency of zoonotic bacteria among illegally traded wild birds in Rio de Janeiro
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Matias,Carlos Alexandre Rey; Pereira,Ingrid Annes; Reis,Eliane Moura Falavina dos; Rodrigues,Dália dos Prazeres; Siciliano,Salvatore.
Abstract The illegal wildlife trade may increase the risk of infectious disease transmission, and it may not only cause disease outbreaks in humans but also threaten livestock, native wild populations, and ecosystems' health. Bird species may act as carriers in the transmission of enteric pathogens. However, epidemiological studies on zoonotic bacteria in wild birds are rare in Brazil. From March 2011 to March 2012, we investigated the frequency of Enterobacteriaceae in cloacal swab samples from 109 birds of the passerine and Psittacidae families. These birds were recovered from illegal trade in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and sent to a rehabilitation center. Gram-negative bacteria were isolated from 86 wild birds (78.9%). A mean (±SD) of 1.68 (±1.30)...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antibiotic resistance; Enterobacteriaceae; Public health; Salmonella; Wild birds.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822016000400882

Pharmacist professionals in the prevention of drug abuse: updating roles, and opportunities
Provedor de dados: 60
Autores: Wagner,Gabriela Arantes; Andrade,Arthur Guerra de.
The objective of this paper was to prepare and provide resources to pharmacists and other healthcare professionals, enabling them to carry out a critical analysis on drug abuse, acquiring knowledge in several areas that effectively contribute to their personal development in this professional field. Professionals play a crucial role in the reduction and prevention of substances abuse, since they are able to advise patient about illicit drugs, psychotropic medicines and alcohol abuse. There is an urgent need to specialize pharmacists to act in the national public health service and contribute to actions aimed at the surrounding community.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Pharmaceutical professional; Drugs/abuse; Drugs/dependence; Public health.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502010000100003

Brazilian scientific production on pharmaceutical care from 1990 to 2009
Provedor de dados: 60
Autores: Funchal-Witzel,Maria Denise Ricetto; Castro,Lia Lusitana Cardozo de; Romano-Lieber,Nicolina Silvana; Narvai,Paulo Capel.
Brazilian scientific production on pharmaceutical care was identified based on articles indexed on the Medline, Embase, Lilacs, Web of Science and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts databases. Sixty-three articles published in both national and international journals were retrieved. With regard to authors, 72.3% were from the Southeast and South Regions, and 60.8% were affiliated to public universities. In relation to the type of studies, 85.7% were descriptive, and the most frequently researched fields were community pharmacies, hospitals and primary health care units. Articles were original in 65.1% of cases, updates in 20.6%, and reviews in 7.9%. An increase in publications commenced in 2006. In 31.7% of cases, authors had adopted a bibliographical...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Pharmaceutical care; Pharmaceutical assistance; Public health; Pharmaceutical services.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502011000200023

Occurrence and exposure assessment to aflatoxins in peanuts commercialized in the northwest of Parana, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Santos,Alini Cristini dos; Souza,Aline Amenencia de; Silva,Milena Veronezi; Nerilo,Samuel Botião; Souza,Alexandra Perdigão Maia de; Bando,Érika; Machinski Junior,Miguel.
ABSTRACT:  Peanuts are a nutritious food consumed worldwide. Some species of the genus Aspergillus, producers of aflatoxins, colonize peanuts. Human exposure to aflatoxins occurs by ingesting contaminated foods. The objective of this paper was to assess the occurrence and dietary exposure of the population to aflatoxins in peanuts commercially available in Maringa, Brazil, from May 2013 to April 2017. A total of 104 peanut samples were evaluated by thin-layer chromatography and confirmed by derivatization with trifluoroacetic acid. The contamination rate detected was 24.0% in average concentration of 13.4µg/kg. Twenty positive samples (19.2%) exceeded the maximum level permitted in Brazil for the sum of four aflatoxins. Estimated probable daily intake was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Aflatoxins; Aspergillus flavus; Peanuts; Risk assessment; Public health.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782018000600750

Contamination of pigs by Yersinia enterocolitica in the abattoir flowchart and its relation to the farm
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Moreira,Lauren Machado; Milan,Camile; Gonçalves,Thaís Gonçalves; Ebersol,Celina Nunes; Lima,Helenice Gonzalez de; Timm,Claudio Dias.
ABSTRACT: The research intends to detect sources of contamination by Yersinia enterocolitica in the abattoir flowchart and endeavors to study its relation with the contamination in the farm. For this purpose, sixty pigs were followed up. In order to carry out the study, samples of faeces were collected from the animal farm, where the animals were originally kept and from the abattoir, directly from the animal’s rectum, after desensitization. Additionally, samples were also collected from the carcass, after passage into the hair removal machine, after evisceration, prior to entry into the cold chambre, from the jowls, and water of the scald tank, before the commencement of the abattoir as well as after the passage of the animals. Further, the isolates were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Slaughterhouse; Public health; Swine breeding.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782019000800453

Microbial quality of industrial and retail market grated parmesan cheese in the State of São Paulo, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Aguilar,Carlos Eduardo Gamero; Rossi Junior,Oswaldo Durival; Vidal,Ana Maria Centola; Ribeiro,Laryssa Freitas; Rossi,Gabriel Augusto Marques.
ABSTRACT: With the objective to evaluate the hygienic and sanitary conditions of grated parmesan cheese acquired from the retail business, total 120 cheese samples were acquired: 60 of which were obtained from four different brands of cheese that were grated in factories, and the other 60 samples were obtained from another four brands of cheese that are normally acquired by retailers (supermarkets) in blocks and grated at the moment of sale. The population of heterotrophic mesophilic microorganisms ranged from 1.2×10³ to 1.1×107 colony-forming units (CFU)·g-1. All samples analyzed contained  Staphylococcus spp. with populations varying from 1.2×10³ to 8.7×106CFU·g-1, from which 60.0% were classified as coagulase-positive Staphylococcus and 52.5% of the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Dairy; Food microbiology; Public health; Staphylococcus aureus.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782016001202257

Antibiotic residues in pasteurized and unpasteurized milk marketed in southwest of Paraná, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Schlemper,Valfredo; Sachet,Ana Paula.
ABSTRACT: The treatment of dairy cattle with antibiotics may lead to milk contamination by drugs residues, which represents risks to human health. This study aimed to investigate the presence of antibiotic residues in milk, produced and marketed in Capanema microregion, Paraná, Brazil, through the analysis of pasteurized milk samples from different brands consumed by the local population and unpasteurized milk samples provided by a dairy industry. Enzyme immunoassays screening kits SNAPduo™ Beta-Tetra ST Test (Idexx Laboratories) were used, which verified the presence of β-lactam and tetracyclic drugs residues, as well as enzyme immunoassays screening kits Charm ROSA Test (Charm Sciences), which established the presence of quinolones and sulfonamides...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antibiotic; Milk quality; Public health; Food safety; Pasteurization.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782017001200451