Consulta: creatorFacets:"Gerard, Andre"
Registros recuperados: 92
Data/hora: 02/06/2024 10:25:23

Analysis of shell colour determinism in the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Peignon, Jean-marie; Gerard, Andre; Naciri, Yamama; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal.
The Manila clam presents a large polymorphism for shell colours and patterns. No experiment has been conducted to study the determinism of such a polymorphism which has been well known for a long time. The aim of this study was firstly to determine the genetic variation for shell colour and secondly to produce some homozygous lines for the shell colouring. These lines could then be used as controls for laboratory experiments. The colouring is defined by three characters: asymmetry, ornamentation and hue. Clams with asymmetrical colouring are not fully pigmented, except for a posterior band on the left valve. Clams with symmetrical colouring are fully pigmented on the two valves. Four cross series were conducted between the different characters: Asymmetry...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mollusque; Bivalve; Palourde; Ruditapes philippinarum; Génétique; Hérédité mendélienne; Coloration; Asymétrie; Mollusc; Bivalve; Manila clam; Ruditapes philippinarum; Genetics; Mendelian inheritance; Colouration; Asymmetry.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1995/publication-3204.pdf

Rapport d'activité 1999 du Laboratoire Génétique et Pathologie de La Tremblade
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre.
Rapport d'activité 1999 du Laboratoire Génétique et Pathologie de La Tremblade.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pathologie; Génétique; Invertébrés marins; Rapport Activité.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00071/18261/15824.pdf

Acquis biologique sur le pétoncle noir (Chlamys varia) en Rade de Brest 1973-1983. Conséquences sur l'aménagement de la ressource
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Dao, Jean-claude; Gerard, Andre; Buestel, Dominique.
Research on the black scallop followed that on the king scallop. Indeed, over the 1973-1975 " spadework » period, it has been demonstrated that the roadsted of Brest was: - an overexploited king scallop deposit; the broodstock not being able to ensure a satisfying renewal of the species. - a black scallop production deposit (hundreds of tonnes). In parallel, the collection trials provided null results for the king scallop but very interesting results for the black scallop (thousands of spats per collector). From 1976 onwards, the spat collecting operations did not focus on king scallop juveniles anymore, but on black scallop.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Reproduction; Captage; Physiologie; Pétoncle; Chlamys varia.
Ano: 1985
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1985/acte-6538.pdf

Detection of oyster herpesvirus DNA and proteins in asymptomatic Crassostrea gigas adults
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Arzul, Isabelle; Renault, Tristan; Thebault, Anne; Gerard, Andre.
Since 1972, several herpes-like virus infections have been reported among different bivalve species around the world. Most of these reports involved larvae or juveniles presenting high mortalities. Two case reports of herpes-like viruses concerned adult oysters, Crassostrea virginica in USA and Ostrea angasi in Australia. Molecular techniques including PCR and in situ hybridization (ISH) have been recently developed to detect the oyster herpesvirus genome. In the present study, 30 Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, adults have been analyzed using three different techniques: PCR, ISH and immunochemistry, in order to detect herpesviruses in asymptomatic individuals. PCR and ISH allowed detection of oyster herpesvirus DNA in 93.3 and 86.6%, respectively, of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Protein; DNA; Healthy carrier; Adult oyster; Crassostrea gigas; Herpesvirus.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2002/publication-697.pdf

Polyploïdisation chez les mollusques bivalves : techniques d'obtention, performances des produits obtenus - Première partie : maîtrise des techniques de polyploïdisation application aux espèces d'intérêt commercial en France (Huîtres creuses et palourdes)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre.
Following the development of the hatchery tool, different triploidy induction techniques have been tried out in vitro. The method using cytochalasin B was selected and successfully applied to cupped oysters, Crassostrea gigas and especially to clams, Ruditapes philippinarum. Larval survival rates were lower than control rates. On the other hand, larvae's growth speed was comparable. These methods will now be used to produce significant test populations which will then be cultivated in French coastal waters.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Palourdes; Huîtres creuses; Polyploïdisation; Conchyliculture.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1990/rapport-3853.PDF

The use of microsatellite markers for parentage analysis in the Pacific cupped oyster, Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Collet, Bertrand; Kotoulas, Georgios; Magoulas, Antonio; Hervouet, Veronique; Bonhomme, Francois; Gerard, Andre.
Highly polymorphic genetic markers can be useful tools for the analysis of parental contributions. The present paper reports 3 experiments using microsatellite markers to analyse parental contributions in controlled in vitro factorial crosses of the cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas. Parentage analysis was eased by the large polymorphism observed at the 3 loci studied. In a cross between 20 males and 20 females, a quarter of the progeny could be assigned to a given parent using a single microsatellite locus showing 28 alleles. In 3 crosses between 5 males and females, all the progeny could be assigned to a family by using 3 loci. In all cases, the combined genotyping at 2 loci allowed parentage to be detennined unambiguously. Despite the balanced gametic...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Microsatellites; Parental contributions; Crassostrea gigas; Microsatellites; Contributions parentales.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1998/acte-2739.pdf

Obtention de souches conchylicoles performantes par polyploïdisation (2ème partie)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre.
Following a phase of experimental system development, acquisition and improvement of triploidisation techniques carried out in 1989, the 1990 program divides into four main actions:1) significant production of diploid and triploid populations of cupped oysters and Pacific clams in order to compare their performances in French coastal waters2) first trials of triploidy induction in European clam3) development of a ploidy control technique at any stage of the animal life, through digital imaging4) summary of the first trials of tetraploidy induction in C. gigas and R. philippinarum
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Imagerie numérique; Ruditapes decussatus; Ruditapes philippinarum; Crassostrea gigas; Cytogénétique; Tétraploïdie; Triploïdie; Polyploïdie.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/rapport-3855.PDF

Influence of parentage upon growth in Ostrea edulis: evidence for inbreeding depression
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Naciri-graven, Y; Launey, Sophie; Lebayon, N; Gerard, Andre; Baud, Jean-pierre.
Genetic variability for growth was analysed in three populations of Ostrea edulis, selected for resistance to the protozoan parasite Bonamia ostreae. This study was undertaken first to determine the potential for selection for growth in populations that have never been selected for this character, and second to estimate heterosis versus inbreeding depression. Growth was monitored in culture for 10 months. The selected populations (namely S85-G3, S89I-G2 and S89W-G2), their crossbred population and a control population were composed of full-sib families whose parents were already genotyped using five microsatellite markers. This genotyping allowed the estimation of genetic relatedness among pairs of parents. The parents' relatedness was then correlated with...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2000/publication-2719.pdf

Production artificielle de naissain de coquilles Saint-Jacques Pecten maximus (L.) : Analyse des facteurs affectant la croissance larvaire
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Cochard, Jean-claude; Gerard, Andre.
The analysis of the Pecten maximus larval productions carried out between 1982 and 1986 in the framework of the repopulating program of the roadsted of Brest demonstrated the existence of a number of factors affecting larval growth in hatcheries: - Larval growth shows important seasonal fluctuations. It is minimal in February-March (3 to 4 µm.D-1) and maximal in June (6 to 8 µm.D-1). The growth of larvae from conditioned spawners does not differ from that of larvae from mature genitors collected in their natural habitat. Growth is favoured by an unknown factor present in sea water and held with a filtration of 0,2 µm. - The growth of the larvae cultivated in slack water in flat bottom ponds is higher than that of the larvae cultivated in bubbling water in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Larve; Ecloserie; Croissance organisme; Coquille Saint Jacques; Pecten maximus L.; Production.
Ano: 1987
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1987/acte-6534.pdf

Les récifs artificiels - Etat des connaissances et recommandations
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Thouard, Emmanuel; Veron, Gerard; Denis, Jacques; Thebaud, Olivier.
The "Artificial reefs" and "Repopulating" issues have been tackled by the Ifremer for a number of years without reaching a clear cut point of view, mainly for lack of socio-economic elements necessary to a rigorous analysis of these devices and practices. During a mission in Japan in January 2006, some Japanese experts, have presented to the head of the Ifremer a few examples of realisations related to these fields and conducted in their country. The head of the Ifremer realised the scope of such devices in Japan and expressed the wish to see an in-depth study carried out over there. In this purpose, the International Relationship Department organised and co-financed the three-month stay in Japan of a student from the University of Montpellier III, Sylvain...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: France; Etranger; Recommandations; Réglementation; Cadre juridique; Protection; Aménagement; Intérêt; Ecosystème; Récifs artificiels.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/rapport-6533.pdf

Obtention de souches conchylicoles performantes par polyploïdisation (3ème partie)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Peignon, Jean-marie; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Noiret, Christophe; Bodoy, Alain; Heurtebise, Serge; Garnier, Jacqueline.
The third part of the polyploidisation program of the main French species of commercial interest, this report presents the actions and results for the year 1991 which was devoted to:- continuation of the development trials of the triploidy induction technique in Ruditapes decussates (i.e. indigenous clam)- production of diploid and triploid populations of Ostrea edulis (i.e. flat oyster)- control of diploid and triploid population performances in cupped oyster and Pacific clam in their natural habitat- continuation of the development of a ploidy control technique through image analysis- beginning of the development of a new polyploidy induction technique in bivalve molluscs
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ruditapes decussatus; Ostrea edulis; Ruditapes philippinarum; Crassostrea gigas; Imagerie numérique; Cytogénétique; Polyploïdie.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/rapport-3857.PDF

Production en masse de Skeletonema costatum en bassins extérieurs par fertilisation minérale : étude d'un cycle estival
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gautier, Dominique; Ledu, Christophe; Hussenot, Jerome; Gerard, Andre.
La production en masse de Skeletonemca costatum par fertilisation minérale ((N, P, Si) a été étudiée à l'écloserie IFREMER de Ronce-les-Bains sur un bassin de 200 m3 à fond bâché endant un cycle de 11 jours en juillet 1992. (...)
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Phyoplancton; Nutriments; Production en masse; Skeletonema costatum; Diatomées.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00020/13113/10121.pdf

Repeuplement et soutien aux ressources halieutiques - Etat des connaissances et recommandations
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Thouard, Emmanuel; Zambonino, Jose-luis; Gaignon, Jean-louis; Antoine, Loic; Harache, Yves; Veron, Gerard; Perez, Jose.
The repopulating of aquatic environments has long been based on the idea that in order to increase halieutic resources, one just had to artificially increase the number of fish in their early stages in marine or fresh water environments. Therefore, as the knowledge on the reproduction of some species and the mastery of their artificial reproduction was growing, the capacity to produce large amounts of eggs or fries from different fish or mollusc species became a reality. Controlled reproduction and the availability of large quantities of fertilized eggs, and then of larvae showing, in captivity, a greater survival capacity than naturally reproduced ones, lead to an increase of repopulating attempts through the release of fries or young fishes raised in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Recommandation; Repeuplement; Milieu aquatique; Ressources halieutiques.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/rapport-6532.pdf

Individual growth variation and its relationship with survival in juvenile Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Collet, B; Mccombie, Helen; Ernande, Bruno; Morand, B; Heurtebise, Serge; Gerard, Andre.
In order to study individual growth variability and its relationship with survival in juvenile Crassostrea gigas, parental oysters were sampled at four sites located along the French Atlantic coast and bred under controlled hatchery conditions. Four groups of larvae were obtained by crossing five males and five females from each of the four sites, and a fifth group by crossing these 20 males and 20 females together in a pool. Larvae were reared under conditions allowing the maintenance of a maximum variability of size and gave five experimental groups. Oysters were individually monitored for growth and survival from 3 to 10 months after fertilization. The individual growth performances were relatively stable over time and no noticeable compensation for...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Survival; Oysters; Growth; Crassostrea gigas; Aquaculture.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/publication-467.pdf

Performance of triploid Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) reared in high carrying capacity ecosystem : survival, growth and proximate biochemical composition
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Goulletquer, Philippe; Joly, Jean-pierre; Gerard, Andre; Le Gagneur, Eric; Moriceau, Jacques; Peignon, Jean-marie; Heurtebise, Serge; Phelipot, Pascal.
Triploid oysters Crassllstrea gigas were: produced in 1990 by treating fertilized eggs with cytochalasin B (CS). Triploids, treated diploids, and controls were deployed early 1991 in a high carrying capacity ecosystem on the Eastern Coast of Normandy (France). A monthly monitoring in 1992 showed that triploids yielded significantly higher growth rate and biochemical composition. However, growth was more heterogeneous. No evidence was found for a length or weight bimodal frequency distribution within triploid groups after a 26 months rearing cycle. Triploids showed retardation of gametogenesis. Carbohydrates content in triploids remained almost constant (40%) from June to September. Their survival rates were significantly lower than controls. Moreover...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Biochemical compostion; Survival; Carrying capacity; Triploid; Growth; Oysters; Crassostrea gigas; Composition biochimique; Survie; Capacité trophque; Triploïdes; Croissance; Huîtres; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1996/publication-3088.pdf

Optimization of triploid induction by the use of 6-DMAP for the oyster Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Naciri, Yamama; Peignon, Jean-marie; Ledu, Christophe.
A novel method using 6-dimcthylaminopurinc (6-0MAP) has recently been demonstrated to be a good triploid inductor for bivalve molluscs. The effects of 6-DMAP concentration, timing of treatment after fertilization and treatment duration on survival and triploid induction of Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) embryos were examined. An influence of sperm concentration was also detected and discussed. Survival to D-stage was inversely related to 6-DMAP concentration and the percentage of triploids was shown to be 6-DMAP dose dependent. Two optimal moments for treatment application were determined corresponding to extrusions of the first and second polar bodies. Optimal treatment of 450 µmol/l 6-DMAP beginning 15 min after fertilization over a 10 min period yielded...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Genetic; Triploid induction; Crassostrea gigas; 6 DMAP; Triploid; Oysters.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1994/publication-3198.pdf

Influence of ploidy and metal-metal interactions on the accumulation of Ag, Cd, and Cu in oysters Crassostrea gigas thunberg
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Amiard, Jean-claude; Perrein Ettajani, H; Gerard, Andre; Baud, Jean-pierre; Amiard Triquet, C.
The present study was designed to compare the response to contaminants in diploid with triploid specimens of the oyster Crassostrea gigas. The reproduction investment in bivalve molluscs has priority on somatic growth. Thus, genetic sterilization by triploidy induction enables the energy flux to be directed toward somatic growth and glucide storage. Bioaccumulation was examined for Ag (10 mug/L), Cd (10 mug/L), and Cu (30 mug/L) to determine if the response to metals follows similar patterns in diploid (2n) and triploid (3n) groups. The effect of ploidy was also evaluated as a function of dry weight of soft tissue and condition index. Moreover, the reciprocal influence of these metals on their incorporation was studied. The results showed that the major...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Oyster culture; Metal bioaccaumulation; Polyploidy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-791.pdf

Is fertility of hybrids enough to conclude that the two oysters Crassostrea gigas and Crassostrea angulata are the same species?
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Huvet, Arnaud; Gerard, Andre; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Heurtebise, Serge; Boudry, Pierre.
The distinction of the two cupped oysters Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1793) and Crassostrea angulata (Lamark, 1819) into two species was chiefly due to their differing geographical distributions, C. gigas being present in Asia and C. angulata in Europe. Today it is commonly accepted that C. angulata and C. gigas are a single species according to morphological, genetic and F1 hybridization data. However, the demonstration of the fertility of their hybrids and the absence of any reproductive isolation remained to be investigated. Consequently, we studied the fertility of hybrids and sperm competition by performing three different experiments and producing G1 and G2 hybrid progenies between wild populations of C. angulata and C. gigas. Progenies showed very...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas; Developmental yields of larvae; Fertility; Controlled crosses; Hybridization.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2002/publication-1395.pdf

Programme Coquille Saint-Jacques, filière technique de culture sur le fond. Bilan des contrats de plan 1983-1988 &amp; 1989-1993. 7. Liste des publications et documents internes des programmes pluriannuels coquille Saint Jacques
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre.
Cette revue bibliographique, consacrée à la 'Ifilière" coquille Saint-Jacques, devait en théorie, faire abstraction de toutes les études traitant de cette espèce comme d'un "modèle" biologique. Lu frontière entre "fi1ière1'et "modèle" n'est pas aussi simple que l'on pourrait le penser. Lu filière coquille Saint-Jacques, après les échecs des opérations de captage, repose depuis 1982 sur la production de naissain en écloserie. Le développement d'une telle filière de production ne pouvait se faire sans un minimum de recherche dans des domaines comme la "nutrition larvairen ou la "Iphysiologie de la reproduction1'. Ces domaines de recherche qui se sont développés à I'IFREMER, l'ont été , au moins au départ, pour répondre aux besoins des acteurs de la filière...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00080/19080/16675.pdf

Contrôle bactériologique dans des élevages d'Artemia salina
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre.
Des élevages d'Artemia salina en milieux non renouvelés sont réalisés au Centre Océanologique de Bretagne pour l'étude de la nutrition et le contrôle des taux physiologiques, Sur ces élevages, un certain nombre de paramètres sont mesurés en continu ou semi-continu : pH, température, oxygène dissous, nitrites, ammoniaque, biomasse chlorophylienne... Les premières expériences avaient mis en évidence des variations dans le temps des paramètres mesurés avec des seuils d'équilibre résultant vraisemblablement d'une auto-régulation par les bactéries. Dans tous les écosystèmes aquatiques ou terrestres le rôle de la microflore bactérienne est primordial ; le métabolisme bactérien est un maillon essentiel des cycles vitaux du carbone, de l'azote et du soufre... Nous...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1976
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00444/55535/57124.pdf

Obtention de souches conchylicoles performantes par polyploïdisation (5ème partie)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Naciri, Yamama; Peignon, Jean-marie; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Baud, Jean-pierre; Nourry, Max; Haure, Joel; Heurtebise, Serge; Garnier, Jacqueline; Martin, Anne-genevieve; Claude, Serge; Langlade, Aime; Joly, Jean-pierre; Goulletquer, Philippe; Ruelle, Francois; Coatanea, Denis; Oheix, Jocelyne; Vercelli, Catherine; Chabirand, Jean-michel; Maurer, Daniele; Borel, Michel; Cardinal, Mireille; Cornet, Josiane; Le Pennec, Marcel; Le Mercier, A.
This fifth part of the polyploidisation program reports the experiments that were conducted in 1993 and that were devoted to : - monitoring growth performance of Ostrea edulis diploids and triploids in La Trinité sur Mer and Palavas - monitoring growth performance of Crassostrea gigas diploids and triploids in Port en Bessin, Marennes Oleron (2 locations), Arcachon and Palavas - comparative study of gametogenesis for C. gigas diploids and triploids - comparative study of C. gigas diploids and triploids using sensorial analysis At the end of fifth year, it was clear that triploids are advantageous although such a statement must be moderated according to locations. The gametogenesis stydy showed that triploidy is associated with partial to complete...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Ostrea edulis; Cytogenetics; Polyploidy; Crassostra gigas; Ostrea edulis; Cytogénétique; Polyploïdie.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1994/rapport-3860.PDF

Selecting flat oysters, Ostrea edulis, for survival against the parasite Bonamia ostreae : assessment of the resistance of a first selected generation
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Martin, Anne-genevieve; Gerard, Andre; Cochennec, Nathalie; Langlade, Aime.
In 1989, a selected strain of flat oyster. Ostrea edulis, was produced from breeders that survived Bonamia ostreae and that were over selected by injection of purified parasites. This generation (G 1) was compared to native oysters which had settled during the same year. After a growing period of 21 months,  the oysters were tested according to three procedures: exposure to natural infection in an intertidal area, maintenance at the laboratory in tanks near heavily infested oysters, injection of parasites. The test lasted 7 months. In each procedure, oysters of the first generation (G1) showed a better survival rate than control oysters (72 to 94% versus 48 to 66%). On the other hand, the highest mortalities were observed among injected oysters (G1 and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Genetics; Ostrea edulis; Bonamia ostreae; Parasite resistance.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1993/acte-3201.pdf

Genetical improvement of marine fish and shellfish : a french perspective
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Chatain, Beatrice; Naciri-graven, Yamama; Lemaire, Christophe; Gerard, Andre.
In France, marine fish and shellfish farming is based mainly on the breeding of wild species, whose natural populations are traditionally exploited. Research programs are conducted by IFREMER, in co-operation with INRA and Universities. French research programs for the genetical improvement of marine fish and shellfish concern primarily seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and oysters (Ostrea edulis and Crassostrea gigas). The following programs are developed:  •The knowledge of wild and farmed populations. The most recent prodjects involve the highly variable microsatellite markers. Seven markers are presently available for seabass and the work is now initiated on turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). In molluscs, microsatellite markers have been developed for the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Selection; Triploid; Shellfish; Fish; Genetic.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1996/acte-3206.pdf

Elevage du naissain de pectinidés : description des filières flottantes de préélevage
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Buestel, Dominique; Gerard, Andre; Morize, Eric.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1982
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00179/29053/27490.pdf

Population bottleneck and effective size in Bonamia ostreae-resistant populations of Ostrea edulis as inferred by microsatellite markers
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Launey, Sophie; Barre, Marc; Gerard, Andre; Naciri, Yamama.
Genetic variability at five microsatellite loci was analysed in three hatchery-propagated populations of the flat oyster, Ostrea edulis. These populations were part of a selection programme for resistance to the protozoan parasite Bonamia ostreae and were produced by mass spawns, without control of the genealogy. Evidence for population bottlenecks and inbreeding was sought. A reduction in the number of alleles, mainly due to the loss of rare alleles, was observed in all selected populations, relative to the natural population from which they were derived. Heterozygote excesses were observed in two populations, and were attributed to substructuring of the population into a small number of families. Pedigree reconstruction showed that these two populations...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Inbreeding; Effective population size; Bonamia ostreae; Ostrea edulis; European flat oyster.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/publication-2703.pdf

Genetic bases and variability of physiological traits involved in growth in Crassostrea gigas - Third Progress Report 1st January-31st December 1998 - Contract N°FAIR 95-421 Commission of the European Communities
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Boudry, Pierre; Bougrier, Serge; Buestel, Dominique; Samain, Jean-francois; Hawkins, A. J. S.; Wilins, N.; Zouros, Eleftherios; Bonhomme, Francois; Thiriot Quievreux, Catherine.
The EU project "GENEPHYS", initiated by the IFREMER laboratory GAP-La Tremblade (Génétique Aquaculture et Pathologie) and CREMA-l'Houmeau (Centre de Recherche en Ecologie Marine et Aquaculture), aims to establish the relationships between physiological traits involved in growth (oxygen consumption, absorption efficiency, scope for growth) and their genetic bases (determinism, variability within and among populations) in cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas. The main bjectives are : 1. To express the maximum variability of growth, both at the larval stage and at the adult stage, in a oyster population originating from parents of various origins. 2. To check the persistence over the time, of growth performance and related physiological functions. 3. To explain...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Genetic; Determinism; Variability; Physilogy; Oxygen consumption; Growth; Absorption efficiency; Oysters; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00050/16151/13634.pdf

Acclimatation de nouvelles espèces d'huîtres creuses du genre Crassostrea: hybridation et conservatoire de souches. Contrat Région Poitou-Charentes 1994-1998 - 1ère partie : rapport année 1994
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Naciri, Yamama; Launey, Sophie; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Heurtebise, Serge; Gerard, Andre.
Le laboratoire IFREMER "Génétique Aquaculture et Pathologie" (GAP) (La Tremblade et Bouin) a entrepris des actions de recherche sur ces différents points. L'Unité de Recherche en Génétique, en collaboration avec tous Ies membres du Réseau Génétique Mollusques (REGEMO) a axé une partie de ses travaux sur l'acclimatation et l'hybridation de différentes espèces du genre Crassostrea. Ces recherches ont débuté avec le soutien du Conseil Général de Charente-Maritime depuis 1992 sur des essais d'acclimatation de C. virginica, l'huître creuse américaine. En prolongement de cette étude, l'URGE a proposé à la région Poitou Charentes un programme de recherche plus vaste sur l'ensemble des espèces d'huîtres creuses. Le contrat de plan Etat-Région a été signé en...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Acclimatation; Hybridation; Crassostrea; Saccostrea; Génétique population.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15517/12904.pdf

1983-2002 : The 20-year development of the King scallop (Pecten maximus) sea-farming industry in the bay of Brest (France) :historical record, results, prospect
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Fleury, Pierre-gildas; Carval, Jean-pierre; Muzellec, Marie-louise; Gerard, Andre; Barret, Jean; Cochard, Jean-claude; Dao, Jean-claude.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: France; Fishing management; Seeding; Hatchery; Pecten maximus; King scallop.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/acte-7307.pdf

Rapport d'activité 1998 du Laboratoire Génétique et Pathologie de La Tremblade
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre.
Rapport d'activité 1998 du Laboratoire Génétique et Pathologie de La Tremblade
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Aquaculture; Génétique; Pathologie; Invertebres marins; Rapport activité.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00071/18258/15821.pdf

Acclimatation de nouvelles espèces d'huîtres creuse du genre Crassostrea: hybridation et conservatoire de souches - Contrat de Plan Etat Région Poitou-Charentes 1994-1998 - Synthèse finale
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Heurtebise, Serge; Huvet, Arnaud; Chollet, Bruno; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Gerard, Andre.
Actions menées de 1994 à 1998 au sein du conservatoire de souches : 1. Résultats des importations, acclimatation et hybridation. a) Rappel des conditions d'introduction de nouvelles souches. L'importation de toute espèce est conditionnée par les résultats d'une enquête préliminaire dont l'objet est de rechercher les exigences écologiques de l'espèce et la situation épidémiologique dans son milieu d'origine. Le travail du LGP et de ses partenaires a été partagé en différentes actions: 1. Recherche de contacts dans divers pays étrangers, en vue de l'importation d'huîtres présentant des caractéristiques intéressantes. 2. Importation : L'importation se fait selon les normes du CIEM (Conseil International pour l'Exploration de la Mer) : contrôles pathologiques...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Acclimatation; Hybridation; Marqueurs moléculaire; Marqueurs populations; Crassostrea.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15520/12907.pdf

Bivalve hatchery technology: The current situation for the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas and the scallop Pecten maximus in France
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Robert, Rene; Gerard, Andre.
The French oyster farming industry relies almost exclusively on juveniles collected from the natural environment; the supply of spat produced by hatcheries is low, about 10% of the industry's requirements. Development through selective breeding of oyster stocks which are better suited for aquaculture purposes, is likely to reverse this tendency since only hatcheries will be able to supply such animals. Scallop farming, which at present is poorly developed in France, relies exclusively on hatchery produced spat. Although hatchery technology is constantly being improved, significant production problems remain which must be solved before hatcheries become a major supplier of juveniles for the industry. This paper describes the present state of hatchery...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pecten maximus; Crassostrea gigas; Hatchery; Molluscan rearing; Pecten maximus; Crassostrea gigas; Ecloserie; Élevage de bivalve.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1999/publication-861.pdf

Acclimatation de nouvelles espèces d'huîtres creuses du genre Crassostrea: hybridation et conservatoire de souches. Amélioration de la qualité chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas par sélection de souches performantes - Rapport année 1996
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Naciri, Yamama; Collet, Bertrand; Cornette, Florence; Heurtebise, Serge; Ledu, Christophe; Chollet, Bruno; Phelipot, Pascal; Gerard, Andre.
Les objectifs pour l'année 1996 étaient les suivants: Poursuivre les premières reproductions des espèces pour lesquelles nous disposons de géniteurs GO. L'objectif est toujours de limiter le stockage d'animaux importés en produisant une descendance simultanément à des témoins C. gigas qui serviront de comparaison. Tenter des hybridations inter-spécifiques des différents taxons présents au sein du conservatoire en fonction des connaissances disponibles dans la littérature sur ce sujet (voir pour revue Gaffney et Allen, 1993). • Importer de nouvelles souches ou espèces. Élargir la gamme des espèces présentes au sein du conservatoire de souches (les capacités d'accueil de la salle de quarantaine étant Limitée).
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Acclimatation; Hybridation; Crassostrea; Sélection génétique; Saccostrea commercialis.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15516/12903.pdf

Concomitant herpes-like virus infections in hatchery-reared larvae and nursery-cultured spat Crassostrea gigas and Ostrea edulis
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Le Deuff, Rose-marie; Chollet, Bruno; Cochennec, Nathalie; Gerard, Andre.
Concomitant sporadic high mortalities were reported in France in May 1994 among batches of hatchery-reared larval Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas and European flat oysters Ostrea edulis in 2 hatcheries, and in June and July 1994 among batches of cultured spat of both species in a shellfish nursery. Histological observation showed the presence of cellular abnormalities in moribund animals. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of herpes-like virus particles in infected larvae and spat of both oyster species. This is the first description of a herpes-like virus infection in larval O.. edulis. Viruses observed in diseased larvae and spat of both species are similar with respect to ultrastructure and morphogenesis, They were detected...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Apoptosis; Virus replication; Concomitant infection; Oyster mortality; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster; Ostrea edulis; European flat oyster; Herpes like virus.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2000/publication-820.pdf

Bonamia-like parasite found in the Suminoe oyster Crassostea rivularis reared in France
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Cochennec, Nathalie; Renault, Tristan; Boudry, Pierre; Chollet, Bruno; Gerard, Andre.
Considering the economic importance of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas to the French shellfish industry, the appearance of major diseases in this species could cause dramatic decreases in production Suminoe oysters, of the non-indigenous species Crassostrea rivularis (Gould), were introduced into France to test their ability to adapt to local conditions. These oysters were imported after careful examination, and were maintained in laboratory quarantine. Some mortalities occurred 7 mo after importation. Histological and electron microscope examinations of 9 dead specimens revealed a parasite presumed to be a Bonamia-like protozoan. This is the first report concerning a parasite of the genus Bonamia in a species belonging to the genus Crassostrea. Thus,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bonamia like parasite; Bonamiosis; Simunoe oyster; Crassostrea rivularis.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1998/publication-2904.pdf

Production artificielle de naissain de coquille Saint-Jacques Pecten maximus (L.) résultats obtenus en 1982 en Rade de Brest
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Buestel, Dominique; Cochard, Jean-claude; Gerard, Andre.
Des travaux expérimentaux menés depuis 1977 en rade de Brest ont permis la mise au point d'une méthode de production de naissain de coquille Saint-Jacques dont la fiabilité a été démontrée en 1982. La filière d'élevage comprend quatre phases nécessitant chacune la mise en ouvre de techniques originales sur des sites distincts. La première étape réalisée en écloserie (température 17°C - eau de mer filtrée à 1µ) produit des larves pédiveligères de 250µ. Ces larves reprises dans une nurserie (eau de mer brute filtre à 125µ) donnent des postlarves de 1 à 3 mm. Les deux dernières phases se passent directement en mer ; un premier stade permet de produire des animaux de 10 mm environ qui sont ensuite portés à une taille de 30 mm et plus. Les résultats de l'année...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pecten maximus; Coquille Saint Jacques; Production artificielle.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00019/13019/9996.pdf

Rapport d'activité 1997 du Laboratoire Génétique Aquaculture &amp; Pathologie de La Tremblade
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre.
Rapport d'activité 1997 du Laboratoire Génétique Aquaculture &amp; Pathologie (GAP) La Tremblade.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Aquaculture; Conchyliculture; Pathologie; Rapport activité.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00072/18276/15845.pdf

Etude des anomalies chromosomiques chez Crassostrea gigas - Contrat de Plan Région Poitou-Charentes 2000-2006. Convention 2000
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Lapegue, Sylvie; Mccombie, Helen; Leitao, Alexandra; Bouilly, Karine; Sabatier, Sebastien; Heurtebise, Serge; Boudry, Pierre; Thiriot Quievreux, Catherine; Gerard, Andre.
Divers travaux menés depuis 1984 montrent qu’il existe, chez l’huître creuse Crassostrea gigas, des cellules montrant un nombre anormal de chromosomes (2n = 19, 18 ou même 17 au lieu de 2n = 20). Le niveau d’aneuploïdie est déterminé par le décompte des chromosomes à partir de suspensions cellulaires de tissu branchial. Le pourcentage de cellules aneuploïdes est toujours significativement supérieur dans les "lots de queue", c'est-à-dire les huîtres présentant des croissances plus faibles, et peut atteindre plus de 30 %. Récemment, une étude réalisée au sein du programme européen « Genephys » a démontré que plus de 50 % de la variance pour la vitesse de croissance était liée au taux d’aneuploïdie. Cependant, de nombreux points concernant ce phénomène...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Chromosomes; Aneuploïdie; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00043/15474/12853.pdf

Rapport d'activité 1994 du Laboratoire Génétique, Aquaculture et Pathologie de La Tremblade - Bouin
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Baud, Jean-pierre; Renault, Tristan; Goulletquer, Philippe.
Rapport d'activité 1994 du Laboratoire Génétique, Aquaculture et Pathologie de La Tremblade et Bouin.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Pathologie; Invertébrés marins; Rapport Activité.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00071/18252/15815.pdf

Rapport d'activité 1996 du Laboratoire Génétique, Aquaculture et Pathologie de La Tremblade
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre.
Rapport d'activité 1996 du Laboratoire Génétique, Aquaculture et Pathologie de La Tremblade.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pathologie; Génétique; Invertébrés marins; Rapport Activité.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00071/18256/15819.pdf

Etudes des bases génétiques et de la varibailité des caractères physiologiques impliqués dans la croissance chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Collet, Bertrand; Boudry, Pierre; Bougrier, Serge; Heurtebise, Serge; Phelipot, Pascal; Ledu, Christophe; Morand, Berenice; Heral, Maurice; Gerard, Andre.
A European programme (GENEPHYS) was launched in 1996 to study the genetic basis and variability of physiological characters involved in growth in Crassostrea gigas. This research programme was a prerequisite for any genetic selection programme on physiological functions. Research groups from Ireland, England, Greece and France are involved in this project and participate in genetic analyses (allozymes and microsatellites) and physiological analyses (ecophysiology, enzymology, stress proteins). Ifremer at La Tremblade was responsible for producing the biological material while Ifremer-CREMA (human-influenced marine ecosystems research centre) was responsible for carrying out non-destructive physiological analyses.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Sélection génétique; Croissance; Crassostrea gias; Génétique.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1997/acte-3243.pdf

Effects of temperature on herpes-like virus detection among hatchery-reared larval Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Le Deuff, Rose-marie; Renault, Tristan; Gerard, Andre.
This paper describes effects of temperature on herpes-like virus detection in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas larvae held at different temperatures. Intranuclear, intracytoplasmic and extracellular viral particles were observed in velum and mantle connective tissues of oyster larvae reared at 25-26°C. In larvae held at 22-23OC, although nuclear lesions were observed, the presence of viral particles was not detected. Results were obtained for oyster larvae with 4 different parental origins. Herpesvirus infection was found in 3 of the 4 groups of oyster larvae held In the same conditions at the higher temperature.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Temperature; Mortality; Larval culture; Crassotrea gigas; Pacific oyster; Herpesvirus.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1996/publication-2900.pdf

Acclimatation de nouvelles espèces d'huîtres creuses du genre Crassostrea : hybridation et conservatoire de souches. Contrat Région Poitou-Charentes 1999 - Convention 99 RPC-A-203 "Génétique"
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Heurtebise, Serge; Lapegue, Sylvie; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Gerard, Andre.
Dans le cadre du plan Etat-Région 1994-1998, un programme de conservatoire de souches a été initié au Laboratoire IFREMER de La Tremblade. Ce conservatoire a pour objectif d'acclimater différentes espèces ou souches d'huîtres creuses (genres Crassostrea et Saccostrea) afin d'acquérir des connaissances sur ces espèces et d'évaluer l'intérêt qu'elles pourraient présenter pour l'ostréiculture locale. L'importation d'espèces étrangères sur les côtes françaises est désormais strictement réglementée: la dissémination d'une nouvelle espèce peut se révéler néfaste d'un point de vue écologique et nuire aux productions existantes. De plus, ces huîtres peuvent être porteuses de pathogènes qui, s'il venaient à se répandre dans le milieu, pourraient toucher les stocks...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Acclimatation; Croisement; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea ariakensis; Crassostrea sikamea; Hybridation.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15514/12901.pdf

Historique, expériences en cours et perspectives du programme de sélection de l'huître plate Ostrea edulis pour la résistance à la bonamiose
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Barre, Marc; Naciri, Yamama; Boudry, Pierre; Goyard, Emmanuel; Launey, Sophie; Cochennec, Nathalie; Heurtebise, Serge; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Gerard, Andre.
The Aquaculture and Pathological Genetics (GAP) laboratory at La Tremblade has been monitoring three populations of European flat oyster since 1985 or 1989 under selection for higher survival rates in the presence of the parasite Bonamia ostrea. One selection cycle (1985 population) or two (1989 populations) were carried out by mass selection by placing the oysters for several years in a highly infested zone, and then harvesting spawns from survivors.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Huîtres plates; Génétique; Selection génétique; Ostrea edulis.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1997/acte-3244.pdf

Essai d'acclimatation de Crassostrea virginica et performances biologiques comparées avec Crassostrea gigas (2ème partie)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Naciri, Yamama; Peignon, Jean-marie; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Baud, Jean-pierre; Heurtebise, Serge; Nourry, Max; Renault, Tristan; Cochennec, Nathalie; Zanette, Yvan; Blachier, Philippe.
Deuxième volet du programme d'essai d'acclimatation de l'huître américaine Crassostrea virginica, ce rapport présente les actions et les résultats de l'année 1993 qui a été consacrée au suivi des performances comparées de croissance des populations de C. gigas et C. virginica produites en 1992, ceci en trois sites différents: • dans le bassin de Marennes-Oléron en claire et sur estran, à la station IFREMER de Bouin en élevage intensif, au CREAA sur l'Ile d'Oléron en marais extensif. Au terme de cette seconde année d'étude, il est d'ores et déjà possible d'affirmer que que la souche anglaise de C. virginica étudiée ne présente pas de caractéristiques de croissance susceptibles de la rendre compétitive par rapport au témoin Crassostrea gigas et cela d'autant...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mollusques; Acclimatation; Crassostrea virginica; Crassostrea gigas; Génétique; Pathologie.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00077/18846/16419.pdf

Genetic bases and variability of physiological traits involved in growth in Crassostrea gigas - Second Progress Report 1st January-31st December 1997 - Contract n° FAIR 95-421 Commission of the European Communities
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Boudry, Pierre; Bougrier, Serge; Hawkins, A. J. S.; Thiriot Quievreux, Catherine; Wilkins, N. P.; Zouros, Eleftherios; Bonhomme, Francois; Buestel, Dominique; Samain, Jean-francois.
The UE project "GENEPHYS", initiated by the IFREMER laboratory GAP-La Tremblade (Génétique Aquaculture et Pathologie) and CREMA-L'Houmeau (Centre de Recherche en Ecologie marine et Aquaculture), aims to establish the relationships between physiological traits involved in growth (oxygen consumption, absorption efficiency, scope for growth) and their genetic bases (determinism, variability within and among populations) in cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas. The main objectives are : 1. To express the maximum variability of growth, both at the larval stage and at the adult stage, in a oyster population originating from parents of various origins. 2. To check the persistence over the time, of growth performance and related physiological functions. 3. To explain...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Genetic; Determinism; Variability; Physilogy; Oxygen consumption; Absorption efficiency; Growth; Oysters; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00050/16150/13633.pdf

Relationship between pre- and post-metamorphic growth in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Collet, Bertrand; Boudry, Pierre; Thebault, Anne; Heurtebise, Serge; Morand, Berenice; Gerard, Andre.
Twenty male and 20 female parental oysters, originating from four sites located along the French Atlantic coast, were crossed together. The 400 crosses were performed separately and then pooled to give a batch of larvae with a large genetic base. Successive sieving after 17 days at 23°C enabled the separation of the largest larvae from the batch. These larvae (i.e., sieving groups) were left to metamorphose and fix onto flat PVC collectors changed daily. Four groups of larvae representing distinctly different growth rates were successively separated during the attachment and metamorphosis of the whole population. This lasted 12 days, from the 17th day to the 29th after fertilisation. A part of each sieving group was settled separately as replicates on...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Settlement; Metamorphosis; Crassostrea gigas; Growth.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1999/publication-468.pdf

Etude des anomalies chromosomiques chez Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Lapegue, Sylvie; Mccombie, Helen; Leitao, Alexandra; Bouilly, Karine; Sabatier, Sebastien; Heurtebise, Serge; Boudry, Pierre; Thiriot, Catherine; Gerard, Andre.
Divers travaux menés depuis 1984 montrent qu'il existe, chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas, des cellules montrant un nombre anormal de chromosomes (2n = 19, 18 ou même 17 au lieu de 2n = 20). Le niveau d'aneuploïdie est déterminé par le décompte des chromosomes à partir de suspensions cellulaires de tissu branchial. Le pourcentage de cellules aneuploïdes est toujours significativement supérieur dans les "lots de queue", c'est-à-dire les huîtres présentant des croissances plus faibles, et peut atteindre plus de 30 %. Récemment, une étude réalisée au sein du programme européen « Genephys » a démontré que plus de 50 % de la variance pour la vitesse de croissance était liée au taux d'aneuploïdie. Cependant, de nombreux points concernant ce phénomène...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Chromosomes; Anomalies; Aneuploïdie; Atrazine; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00199/31013/29417.pdf

A complementary method for production of tetraploid Crassostrea gigas using crosses between diploids and tetraploids with cytochalasin B treatments
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Mccombie, Helen; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Lapegue, Sylvie; Boudry, Pierre; Gerard, Andre.
We present a new method to produce tetraploid Crassostrea gigas by cytochalasin B inhibition of polar body 2 expulsion in diploid females crossed with tetraploid males. This offers a means of direct introgression of genetic characters from selected diploid to tetraploid lines, avoiding a triploid step. Offspring larval ploidy shifted over time and depended on size, with tetraploids more frequent among the smaller larvae and triploids among the large. Viable tetraploids were found at 4 and 6 months, indicating the technique was successful. The possibility that gynogenesis occurred was tested by microsatellite analysis to confirm the presence of paternally inherited alleles. These were present in all animals of the 2n x 4n + CB (female first) cross. However,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Oyster breeding; Gynogenesis; Polar body; Cytochalasin B; Polyploidy; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-632.pdf

Bonamia-like parasite found in the Suminoe oyster Crassostrea rivularis reared in France
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Cochennec, Nathalie; Renault, Tristan; Boudry, Pierre; Chollet, Bruno; Gerard, Andre.
Considering the economic importance of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas to the French shellfish industry, the appearance of major diseases in this species could cause dramatic decreases in production. Suminoe oysters, of the non-indigenous species Crassostrea rivularis (Gould), were introduced into France to test their ability to adapt to local conditions. These oysters were imported after careful examination, and were maintained in laboratory quarantine. Some mortalities occurred 7 mo after importation. Histological and electron microscope examinations of 9 dead specimens revealed a parasite presumed to be a Bonamia-Like protozoan. This is the first report concerning a parasite of the genus Bonamia in a species belonging to the genus Crassostrea....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea rivularis; Suminoe oyster; Bonamiosis; Bonamia-like parasite.
Ano: 1998
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00446/55795/62652.pdf

Avancées récentes sur la reproduction des huîtres
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre.
Historically, the research on mollusc reproduction conducted by the Ifremer aimed at improving mass production in order to support new activities (Japanese clam for example) or to compensate for insufficient natural reproductions (abalone, king scallop). Nowadays, priority has been given to the preservation of natural resources and the optimisation of shellfish culture in order to support activities that are strongly represented by a profession, especially oyster culture. The studies that have been carried out in the field of oyster genetics for about ten years highlighted the limits of our knowledge on reproduction control as well as the high sensitivity of mollusc farms to the multiple assaults of their outside environment. As far as professional...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Reproducteur; Sélection génétique; Huître; Reproduction.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1998/publication-6535.pdf

Etude des anomalies chromosomiques chez Crassostrea gigas. Contrat Région Poitou-Charentes 2000-2006. Convention 99
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Lapegue, Sylvie; Mccombie, Helen; Leitao, Alexandra; Heurtebise, Serge; Boudry, Pierre; Thiriot Quievreux, Catherine; Gerard, Andre.
Divers travaux menés depuis 1984 montrent qu’il existe, chez l’huître creuse Crassostrea gigas, des cellules montrant un nombre anormal de chromosomes (2n = 19, 18 ou même 17 au lieu de 2n = 20). Le niveau d’aneuploïdie est déterminé par le décompte des chromosomes à partir de suspensions cellulaires de tissu branchial. Le pourcentage de cellules aneuploïdes est toujours significativement supérieur dans les "lots de queue", c'est-à-dire les huîtres présentant des croissances plus faibles, et peut atteindre plus de 30 %. Récemment, une étude réalisée au sein du programme européen « Genephys » a démontré que plus de 50 % de la variance pour la vitesse de croissance était liée au taux d’aneuploïdie. Cependant, de nombreux points concernant ce phénomène...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Chromosomes; Aneuploïdie; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00043/15473/12852.pdf

Rapport d'activité 1991 de l'Unité de Recherche en Génétique et Ecloserie (URGE)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre.
Rapport d'activité 1991 de l'Unité de Recherche en Génétique et Ecloserie (URGE) de La Tremblade.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Rapport activité; Génétique; Ecloserie; Zootechnie; Bivalves.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00087/19775/17413.pdf

Rapport d'activité 1990 de l'Unité de Recherche en Génétique Quantitative et Ecloserie (URGE) La Tremblade
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre.
Rapport d'activité 1990 de l'Unité de Recherche en Génétique Quantitative et Ecloserie (URGE) La Tremblade
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Ecloserie; Génétique des populations; Rapport Activité.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00072/18282/15852.pdf

Point sur le programme huître plate - Complément au compte-rendu de réunion REGEMO sur l'Amélioration Génétique de l'huître plate du 11 mars 1998
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Goyard, Emmanuel; Lapegue, Sylvie; Gerard, Andre; Boudry, Pierre.
Ce document vient compéter le rapport REGEMO sur l'huître plate. Une première version visait essentiellement à faciliter le transfert de responsabilité du programme en cours. Celle-ci, épurée des aspects pratiques purement internes, se propose de faire le point sur les familles produites en 1998, et la continuité du programme d'amélioration.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Sélection génétique; Huître plate; Ostrea edulis; Génétique population; Croissance.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00049/15980/13422.pdf

Histoire d'une complémentarité entre l'aquaculture et la pêche : 20 ans de production de coquilles Saint-Jacques d'écloserie pour semis sur zones de pêche : rade de Brest, 1983-2002
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Fleury, Pierre-gildas; Carval, Jean-pierre; Muzellec, Marie-louise; Gerard, Andre; Barret, Jean; Cochard, Jean-claude; Dao, Jean-claude.
L'aquaculture et la pêche ne font pas toujours bon ménage : conflit pour les zones de production (élevages en mer), concurrence sur le marché (poisson d'élevage / poisson "sauvage"), et surtout conflit sur la gestion des stocks naturels de juvéniles, parfois exploités pour l'approvisionnement des élevages au détriment d'une production naturelle d'adultes pour le stock exploité par pêche (palourde du golfe du Morbihan, crevettes tropicales, etc).  En d'autres cas les techniques d'élevage peuvent se révéler au contraire un outil précieux pour la gestion des stocks naturels, particulièrement pour des animaux plus ou moins sédentaires comme les Mollusques ou les Crustacés. Ici l'élevage des juvéniles va permettre de conforter le stock naturel des animaux...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/rapport-7308.pdf

Genetic bases and variability of physiological traits involved in growth in Crassostrea gigas - First Progress Report 1st January-31st December 1996 - Contract n° FAIR 95-421 Commission of the European Communities
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Boudry, Pierre; Bougrier, Serge; Hawkins, A. J. S.; Thiriot Quievreux, Catherine; Wilkinns, N. P.; Zouros, Eleftherios; Bonhomme, Francois.
The EEC project "Genephys 1996-2000", initiated by the IFREMER laboratory GAP (Génetique, Aquaculture et Pathologie, La Tremblade and CREMA (Centre de Recherche en Ecologie Marine et Aquaculture, l'Houmeau), aims to establish the relationships between physiological traits involved in growth (oxygen consumption, absorption efficiency, scope for growth) and their genetic bases (determinism, variability within and among populations) in cupped oyster Crassostrea gigas. The main objectives are: 1- To express the maximum variability of growth, both at the larval stage and at the adult stage, in an oyster population originating from parents of various origins. 2- To check the persistence over the time, of growth performance and related physiological functions. 3-...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Genetic; Determinism; Variability; Physilogy; Oxygen consumption; Absorption efficiency; Growth; Oysters; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00050/16149/13632.pdf

Apport d'un programme de génétique à une filière de production aquacole : l'exemple de l'ostréiculture
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Lapegue, Sylvie; Bedier, Edouard; Goyard, Emmanuel; Degremont, Lionel; Baud, Jean-pierre; Gerard, Andre; Goulletquer, Philippe; Boudry, Pierre.
Two oyster species are currently present along the French coasts : the indigenous European flat oyster (Ostrea edulis), and the Pacific cupped oyster (Crassostrea gigas), that has been introduced from Japan since the beginning of the 70ies. The flat oyster successively suffered from two protozoan diseases during the 60ies and its production decreased from 20 000 tons/year by that time to 1 500 tons/year nowadays. Consequently, the oyster production is principally (99%) based upon the Pacific oyster species with approximately 150 000 tons/year among which 90% are grown from the natural spat. However, the hatchery production of this species is developing and was estimated to 400 to 800 millions spat in 2002. Moreover, strengthened relationships between...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Growth; Selection; Genetic breeding; Genetic; Ostrea edulis; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters; Croissance; Sélection; Amélioration génétique; Génétique; Ostrea edulis; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/acte-3491.pdf

Induced triploidy in the European clam, Ruditapes decussatus (L.) and performance of triploid larvae
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Naciri, Yamama; Noiret, Christophe; Ledu, Christophe; Peignon, Jean-marie.
For the first time, effective treatments using cytochalasin B were developed to induce triploidy in the European clam, Ruditapes decussatus (L.). The percentage of triploid embrios was assessed by karyological or image analysis. Two treatments (O.5 or 1 mg of cytochasin B (CB per ml of dimethylsulfoxide in 1 l of sea water) were applied at different times after fertilization (10 to 25 mn), for two different periods (15 and 20 min). Best results were obtained for a CB concentration of 1 mg/l. When treatment was applied 15 min after fertilization for a 20 min period, 94% and 95% of triploid embryos were obtained in two repeated experiments. At metamorphosis, the treated larvae appeared to be no smaller than the control larvae in all experiments. Thowever, in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Genetic; Ruditapes decussatus; Clam; Induced triploidy.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1994/publication-3208.pdf

Etude des ressources génétiques chez les huîtres creuses
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Heurtebise, Serge; Lapegue, Sylvie; Lam, Katherine; Mccombie, Helen; Leitao, Alexandra; Gerard, Andre.
L'étude de la variabilité génétique de l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas est un point essentiel dans la mise en place de programmes de gestion des ressources génétiques et de sélection chez cette espèce. C. gigas, originaire du Japon, a été introduite dans de nombreuses régions du monde et représente aujourd'hui plus de 95 'ro de la production mondiale d'huîtres. Introduite en France au début des années 1970 pour remplacer l'huître portugaise Crassostrea angulata, c'est aujourd'hui une ressource de première importance pour notre région. Malgré la maîtrise du cycle de reproduction de l'espèce et son importance commerciale, elle n'a pas été génétiquement améliorée et on peut donc considérer les stocks comme « sauvages» ou « non domestiqués ». De plus, la...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea gasar; Variabilité génétique.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00199/31008/29411.pdf

Rapport d'activité 1995 du Laboratoire Génétique, Aquaculture et Pathologie de La Tremblade - Bouin
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Goulletquer, Philippe; Baud, Jean-pierre; Renault, Tristan.
Rapport d'activité 1995 du GAP (Laboratoire Génétique, Aquaculture, Pathologie) de La Tremblade.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pathologie; Génétique; Aquaculture; Invertebres marins; Physiologie; Rapport activités.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00071/18253/15816.pdf

Amélioration de la qualité chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas par sélection de souches performantes - Contrat de Plan Etat Région Poitou-Charentes 1994-1998 - Rapport année 1995
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Naciri, Yamama; Heral, Maurice; Collet, Bertrand; Bougrier, Serge; Geffard, Olivier; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Heurtebise, Serge; Gerard, Andre.
Le programme de recherche présenté ci-dessous est le fruit d'une réflexion conjointe entre généticiens et physiologistes afin de mettre sur pied un ensemble d'expériences permettant d'étudier les bases génétiques de la variabilité des caractères impliqués dans la croissance chez l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Sélection génétique; Génétique des populations; Croissance; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15518/12905.pdf

Le phénomène de l'anauploïdie et sa relation avec la croissance chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Leitao, Alexandra; Boudry, Pierre; Mccombie, Helen; Lapegue, Sylvie; Gerard, Andre; Thiriot-quievreux, Catherine.
Cytogenetic abnormalities have often been observed on bivalves on meiosis or mitosis. This is a review of various observations of somatic aneuploidy conducted on different populations of Crassastrea gigas.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Croissance; Aneuploïdie; Huîtres; Génétique; Crassostrea gigas; Cytogénétique.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/acte-3280.pdf

Obtention de souches conchylicoles performantes par polyploïdisation (4ème partie)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Naciri, Yamama; Peignon, Jean-marie; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Bodoy, Alain; Heurtebise, Serge; Garnier, Jacqueline; Baud, Jean-pierre; Nourry, Max; Haure, Joel; Martin, Anne-genevieve; Claude, Serge; Barret, Jean; Devauchelle, Nicole; Joly, Jean-pierre; Goulletquer, Philippe; Coatanea, Denis; Oheix, Jocelyne; Zanette, Yvan; Blachier, Philippe.
This fourth part of the polyploidisation program reports the experiments that were conducted in 1992 and that were devoted to : - the acquiring of a new method using an epifluroescent microscope - the development o a new technique for inducing polyploidy - the triploidy induction for the Europena clam Ruditapes decussatus - the settlement of performance controls conducted on diploid and triploid populations of Ostrea edulis - results of performance controls conducted on diploid and triploid populations of Crassostrea gigas and Ruditapes philippinarum
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ruditapes decussatus; Ruditapes philippinarum; Ostrea edulis; Crassostra gigas; Cytongenetics; Polyploidy; Ruditapes decussatus; Ruditapes philippinarum; Ostrea edulis; Crassostrea gigas; Cytogénétique; Polyploïdie.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1993/rapport-3859.PDF

Image analysis : a new method for estimating triploidy in commercial bivalves
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Naciri, Yamama; Peignon, Jean-marie; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Noiret, Christophe; Peudenier, Isabelle; Grizel, Henri.
For determination of ploidy levels in bivalves,  three techniques are now routinely used: karyological determination. microfluorimetry and flow cytometry. This paper proposes an alternative technique which is based on determination of the optical density (OD) of stained nuclei using image analysis. A karyological and image analysis comparative experiment conducted on juveniles of Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) and Ruditapes philippinarum (Adam &amp; Reeve) is described and highlights the advantages of the image analysis technique. Initially developed on C. gigas and R. philippinarum, the image analysis method was easily extended to other bivalve species and to different developmental stages, as demonstrated by two experiments conducted on Ostrea edulis (L.)....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Estimation bivalve triploidy; Image analysis; Triploid; Genetic; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1994/publication-3200.pdf

Production artificielle de naissain de coquilles Saint-Jacques Pecten maximus (L.). Premiers résultats en rade de Brest
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Buestel, Dominique; Cochard, Jean-claude; Dao, Jean-claude; Gerard, Andre.
Artificial production from natural spawners could be a way of getting big quantities of spat of Pecten maximus, ln the method described, larval phase (until a size of 250 microns) occurs in a hatchery, post-Iarval phase (from 250 µ until 3 millimeters) in a nursery, and first growth period directly into the sea (from 2 mm to a size of 25-30 mm), The fifst results obtained, production of several thousand of individuals good enough for reseeding, seem to be transposable to a larger scale.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Restocking; Intermediate culture; Hatchery; Nursery; Pecten maximus; Repeuplement; Prégrossissement; Ecloserie; Nurserie; Pecten maximus.
Ano: 1982
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1982/publication-6529.pdf

Acclimatation de nouvelles espèces d'huîtres creuses du genre Crassostrea: hybridation et conservatoire de souches. Amélioration de la qualité chez l'huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas par sélection de souches performantes - Contrat de Plan Etat Région Poitou-Charentes 1994-1998 - Convention 97 RPC-R-54 "Génétique" - Rapport année 1997
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Lapegue, Sylvie; Goyard, Emmanuel; Heurtebise, Serge; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Gerard, Andre.
Les objectifs pour l'année 1997 étaient les suivants : • Poursuivre les premières reproductions des espèces pour lesquelles nous disposons de géniteurs GO. L'objectif est toujours de limiter le stockage d'animaux importés en produisant une descendance simultanément à des témoins C. gigas qui serviront de comparaison. • Tenter des hybridations inter-spécifiques des différents taxons présents au sein du conservatoire en fonction des connaissances disponibles dans la littérature sur ce sujet (voir pour revue Gaffney et Allen, 1993). • Importer de nouvelles souches ou espèces. Élargir la gamme des espèces présentes au sein du conservatoire de souches (les capacités d'accueil de la salle de quarantaine étant limitée).
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Génétique des Populations; Acclimatation; Hybridation; Marqueurs génétiques; Sélection génétique; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15519/12906.pdf

Croissance de différents lots de coquille Saint-Jacques Pecten maximus en culture sur le fond dans la Rade de Brest
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Buestel, Dominique; Gerard, Andre; Guenole, Annie.
Six batches of king scallop juveniles of different origins and obtained either by collection in their natural habitat (Saint-Brieuc, Scotland, Ireland), or by hatchery production in Brest in 1981, 1982, 1983, have been sown, at a size of 3 cm, in the roadsted of Brest between 1977 and 1983. Their growth, strongly linked to the evolution of the temperature, is well-described by a model, including a sinusoidal modulation, by Von Bertalanffy. The growth of the scallops collected in Saint-Brieuc, Scotland and Ireland, differentiates from that of the individuals from their original area and shows similarities with that of the scallops produced in Brest. Consequently, there must be an adaptation of the growth to the environmental conditions of the roadsted of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pectiniculture; Croissance; Pecten maximus L.; Coquille Saint Jacques.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1986/acte-6189.PDF

Essai d'acclimatation de Crassostrea virginica et performances biologiques comparées avec Crassostrea gigas (1ère partie)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Naciri, Yamama; Peignon, Jean-marie; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Baud, Jean-pierre; Nourry, Max; Renault, Tristan; Cochennec, Nathalie.
Premier volet du programme d'essai d'acclimatation de l'huître américaine Crassostrea virginica, ce rapport présente les actions et les résultats de l'année 1992 qui a été consacrée à : • l'importation selon les normes du CIEM d'un lot de 50 huîtres en provenance d'Angleterre, • leur élevage en salle de quarantaine et leur conditionnement en vue d'une accélération de la maturation sexuelle, • l'obtention d'une première génération, ainsi que son suivi en élevage larvaire et en micronurserie à l'URGE-La Tremblade, • au contrôle des performances comparées des deux populations de C. virginica et de C. gigas en nurserie de prégrossissement à l'URRA-Bouin pendant toute la période automnale et hivernale. Au terme de cette première année d'étude il apparait que la...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mollusques; Acclimatation; Crassostrea virginica; Crassostrea gigas; Génétique; Pathologie.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00077/18843/16417.pdf

Rapport d'activité année 1993 de l'Unité de Recherche en Génétique et Ecloserie La Tremblade
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre.
Rapport d'activité 1993 de l'Unité de recherche en Génétique et Ecloserie.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Ecloserie; Mollusques bivalves; Rapport Activité.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00071/18248/15811.pdf

Compte rendu de la réunion des 14 et 15 Avril 1993 - La Tremblade - Réseau Génétique Mollusques (REGEMO)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Naciri, Yamama; Coatanea, Denis; Martin, Anne-genevieve; Barret, Jean; Claude, Serge; Heurtebise, Serge; Devauchelle, Nicole; Joly, Jean-pierre; Goulletquer, Philippe; Baud, Jean-pierre; Nourry, Max; Bougrier, Serge; Renault, Tristan; Cochennec, Nathalie; Chollet, Bruno; Le Deuff, Rose-marie; Peignon, Jean-marie.
La discussion générale organisée à la fin de la deuxième journée a fait ressortir les points suivants: 1- Les participants se sont déclarés satisfaits de la tenue de la réunion, tant dans son déroulement, que dans les échanges d'informations auxquels elle a donné lieu. La quantité et la qualité des résultats présentés a permis de mettre en évidence la puissance d'analyse que représente le travail en réseau. 2-L'importance de la valorisation des résultats a été soulignée à plusieurs reprises. La diffusion de l'information devrait se faire dans un premier temps par la voie de rapport internes à la DRV, puis par la voie d'articles publiés dans des revues scientifiques. Sur le programme "C. gigas triploïdes", une première diffusion des résultats obtenus en...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Sélection génétique; Huître plate; Ostrea edulis; Génétique population; Croissance.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00049/15981/13423.pdf

Experimental evidence for a genetic basis to differences in aneuploidy in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Leitao, Alexandra; Boudry, Pierre; Mccombie, Helen; Gerard, Andre; Thiriot-quievreux, Catherine.
Aneuploidy has been previously reported in wild and cultivated Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, and has been shown to be negatively correlated with growth. This is especially important since high variability of growth rate is one of the major problems in the aquacultural production of this species. The existence of a genetic basis for the observed differences in aneuploidy was first investigated through the comparative study of six full-sib families, with mean individual weights ranging from 0.59 to 1.49 g. The slowest growing family was found to have the highest level of aneuploidy. Significant differences in aneuploidy were also found among families when individuals with the same growth rate were sampled. This supports the hypothesis of the existence...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Oyster; Growth; Genetics; Full sib families; Crassostrea gigas; Aneuploidy; Huître; Croissance; Génétique; Famille de plein frères; Crassostrea gigas; Aneuploïdie.
Ano: 2001
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/publication-2700.pdf

Développement et utilisation des marqueurs génétiques hypervariables chez les espèces marines. Rapport de synthèse 1995-1998
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Bonhomme, Francois; Gerard, Andre.
L'objectif scientifique de l'Unité de Recherche Marine n0 16 est de partager les savoir faire conceptuels et méthodologiques des deux équipes, pour faire aboutir des programmes appliqués ou fondamentaux dans le domaine de la génétique des organismes marins. Ces programmes concernent plus particulièrement le développement et l'utilisation des marqueurs génétiques fournis par les techniques de biologie moléculaire dans les programmes suivants: Chez les huîtres des genres Ostrea et Crassostrea : Le modèle prioritaire de l'URM sera les huîtres Crassostrea et Ostrea. Pour des raisons historiques, les recherches sur Ostrea sont plus avancées et donneront des résultats plus rapidement. 1-Sélection assistée par marqueurs chez Ostrea edulis et Crassostrea gigas...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Marqueur génétique; Biologie moléculaire; Sélection génétique; Ressource génétique; Recrutement; Bivalvia; Crassostrea; Ostrea; Pisces; Dicentrarchus labrax; Génotypage.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00043/15459/12834.pdf

Le programme de repeuplement de coquille Saint-Jacques : finalité, résultats et perspectives
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Dao, Jean-claude; Buestel, Dominique; Gerard, Andre; Halary, C.; Cochard, Jean-claude.
The king scallop (Pecten maximus L.) has been the object of some in-depth studies since 1973 with the double aim of natural resources management and extensive aquaculture in mind. The results obtained during the first ten years enabled the launch of a pluri-annual 1983-1987 program which aims to demonstrate the re-populating of the roadsted of Brest and the introduction of new management methods in the Bay of Saint-Brieuc. The technical results of the resource management and of the aquaculture operations are described. They enabled the stabilisation of the annual production of the Saint-Brieuc deposit as well as to foresee a new biomass of 80-100 tonnes of spawners per year in the roadsted of Brest. However, the implementation of all these developments is...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Croissance juvéniles; Gisement; Pecten maximus; Coquille Saint Jacques; Repeuplement.
Ano: 1985
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1985/acte-6531.pdf

Rapport d'activité 1992 de l'Unité de Recherche en Génétique et Ecloserie (URGE) et de l'Unité de Recherche en Pathologie et Immunologie Générales (URPIG)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Renault, Tristan.
Rapport d'activité 1992 de l'Unité de Recherche en Génétique et Ecloserie (URGE) et de l'Unité de Recherche en Pathologie et Immunologie Générales (URPIG) de La Tremblade.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Pathologie; Ecloserie; Immunologie; Invertébrés marins; Rapport activités.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00072/18278/15847.pdf

Utilisation des marqueurs microsatellites pour l'étude des contributions parentales chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Collet, Bertrand; Kotoulas, G.; Hervouet, Veronique; Cornette, Florence; Bonhomme, Francois; Gerard, Andre.
Numerous aquacultural species show very high fertilities. As a consequence, it is possible to produce, in hatcheries, a large amount of sibs from a small amount of parents. The sibs' genetic variability is, of course, directly linked to the number of parents involved, but it may be largely lowered by imbalanced parental contributions. Polymorphic genetic markers are very handy tools in the study of these phenomena in cultivated populations (Harris et al. 1991; Herbinger et al., 1996a; Garcia de Leon et al. 1998) or in natural populations (Ferguson et al, 1995; Kellog et al., 1995; Colbourne et al., 1996; Herbinger et al., 1996b). This document is a presentation of the results of a number of experiments, realised in the scope of the European program...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microsatellites; Contributions parentales; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1999/acte-3452.pdf

Ressources génétiques chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas : variabilité, différenciation et adaptation aux conditions de production en Charente Maritime
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Huvet, Arnaud; Boudry, Pierre; Baud, Jean-pierre; Nourry, Max; Phelipot, Pascal; Gerard, Andre; Ledu, Christophe; Heurtebise, Serge; Cornette, Florence; Blouin, Frederic; Bedier, Edouard; Lapegue, Sylvie.
es marqueurs génétiques, particulièrement bien adaptés à ces problématiques car hypervariables, ont été mis au point récemment dans notre laboratoire en collaboration avec le laboratoire Génome et Populations de Montpellier (CNRS). Ils permettent désormais l'analyse approfondie et la discrimination fine de populations d'huîtres creuses Crassostrea gigas et de rechercher si certaines d'entre-elles n'auraient pas des caractéristiques intéressantes pour l'ostréiculture locale (croissance, résistance estivale, affinage ... ). La diffusion de telles populations auprès de la profession serait plus rapide car il s'agit de la même espèce. Selon les recommandations du CIEM, il faut effectuer une mise en quarantaine des huîtres importées (après contrôles sanitaires)...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Génétique des populations; Marqueurs génétiques; Microsatellite; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15563/12952.pdf

Spécificités des mollusques, conditions de mise en oeuvre chez l'huître creuse Crassostrea gigas à l'échelle de l'écloserie et premiers résultats de terrain
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre.
The reproduction effort in Crassostrea gigas, as in most bivalve molluscs, has priority over their somatic growth. At the beginning of spring, the energetic metabolic processes are geared towards gametogenesis over glucidic stocks, thus inducing a slowing down of the growth and a change in the organoleptic qualities of the flesh (Héral &amp; Deslous-Paoli, 1983). The same authors showed that this effort increases along with age (figure 1). In young one-year-old oysters, the energy is mostly burnt in growth, only 18 % is involved in reproduction, whereas in two-year-old oysters, 60 to 65 % of the energy is used for gamete formation (Deslous-Paoli &amp; Héral, 1983). In order to limit the impact of gonadogenesis and to try and re-orientate this energy flux...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Triploidisation; Ecloserie; Génétique; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1994/acte-6528.pdf

Etude des agents pathogènes et épidémiologie
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Le Roux, Frederique; Berthe, Franck; Robert, Maeva; Chollet, Bruno; Gerard, Andre.
Le programme 4 portant sur la pathologie des coquillages dans le cadre d'une gestion durable des productions ostréicoles, comporte 2 actions principales réparties en une étude d'épidémiologie analytique et descriptive des agents pathogènes (Action 1), et l'étude des relations hôtes/agents pathogènes (Action 2). Les résultats 2001 présentés ici sont relatifs à ces 2 actions, avec notamment des informations sur les infections à virus de type herpès, et de recherche de bactéries pathogènes chez Crassostrea gigas lors des épisodes de mortalités estivales. Par ailleurs, l'émergence d'un programme national, intitulé MOREST (pour Mortalités Estivales) sur l' huître creuse C. gigas va permettre de rappeler le contexte scientifique des relations hôtes/pathogènes.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Pathologie; Agents pathogènes; Epidémiologie; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00199/31011/29414.pdf

Genetic improvement and selection in shellfish : a review based on oyster research and production
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Barre, Marc; Gerard, Andre.
Despite the economic importance of shellfish, genetic improvement has not yet had a great impact on these species. Shellfish farming is traditionally based on wild species whose natural populations are often overexploited and do not fulfill market demand. Up to now, the most effective answer to disease problems or for the improvement of productivity has been the introduction of new species. However, the introduction of new species is constrained by their ecological impact and is also limited by the availability of suitable species. Genetic improvement of local species should therefore be of great importance as a viable alternative for the long term sustainability of the shellfish industry. The different approaches to genetic improvement include...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Selective breeding; Hybridization; Polyplidy; Introduction; Oysters; Selection; Hybridation; Polyploidie; Introduction; Huitres.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1997/acte-3499.pdf

Pisciculture marine. Elements de prospective
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre.
Introduction: To develop its 2005-2009 strategic plan, IFREMER made two prospective analysis studies in 2003: a thematic prospective analysis and a sectorial prospective analysis. The "aquafarming" sectorial prospective analysis, based primarily on an IFREMER idea, particularly brought to light the difference in nature of problems posed by the future evolution of shellfish farming, fish farming and other stockbreeding (pearl farming and shrimp farming). In addition, the prospective analyses made on an international scale by the FAO (2002, 2004) and the IFPRI (2003) emphasise that the development of aqua farming is the required condition for satisfying world demand of consumer aquatic products, given the foreseeable weak growth, indeed, the stagnation of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Economic impact; Marine fish farming; France; Pisces; Technique Aquacole; Economie; Recherche Appliquee; Elevage; Pisciculture.
Ano: 2006
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/rapport-1506.pdf

Genetic improvement and selection in shellfish : a review based on oyster research and production
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Barre, Marc; Gerard, Andre.
Despite the economic importance of shellfish, genetic improvement has not yet had a great impact on these species. Shellfish farming is traditionally based on wild species whose natural populations are often overexploited and do not fulfil market demand. Up to now, the most effective answer 10 disease problems or for the improvement of productivity has been the introduction of new species. However, the introduction of new species is constrained by their ecological impact and is also limited by the availability 01 suitable species. Genetic improvement of local species should therefore be of great importance as a viable alternative for the long term sustainability 01 the shellfish Industry. The different approaches 10 genetic improvement include...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Selective breeding; Hybridization; Polyploidy; Introduction; Oyter; Sélection; Hybridation; Polyploïdie; Introduction; Huîtres.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1998/publication-2740.pdf

Acclimatation de nouvelles espèces d'huîtres creuses du genre Crassostrea: hybridations et conservatoire de souches. Contrat de Plan Etat Région Poitou- Charentes 1994-1998 - Convention 95/RPC-R-57 "Génétique" - Rapport année 1995
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Naciri, Yamama; Heurtebise, Serge; Delsert, Claude; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Chollet, Bruno; Cochennec, Nathalie; Gerard, Andre.
Le laboratoire IFREMER "Génétique Aquaculture et Pathologie" (GAP) (La Tremblade et Bouin) a entrepris des actions de recherche sur ces différents points. L'Unité de Recherche en Génétique, en collaboration avec tous les membres du Réseau Génétique Mollusques (REGEMO), a axé une partie de ses travaux sur l'acclimatation et l'hybridation de différentes espèces du genre Crassostrea. Ces recherches ont débuté avec le soutien du Conseil Général de Charente-Maritime depuis 1992 sur des essais d'acclimatation de C. virginica, l'huître creuse américaine. En prolongement de cette étude, l'URGE a proposé à la région Poitou-Charentes un programme de recherche plus vaste sur l'ensemble des espèces d'huîtres creuses.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Acclimatation; Hybridation; Crassostrea virgnica.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15515/12902.pdf

Recherches sur la variabilité de diverses populations de Ruditapes decussatus et Ruditapes philippinarum (Veneridae, Bivalvia)
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre.
Le nom de "population" désigne l'ensemble des individus d'une même espèce vivant dans un espace déterminé et partageant le même "pool de gènes". L'individu ne détient qu'une infime partie de ce pool de gènes il représente l 'unité de sélection. Sa contribution est minime par rapport à l'ensemble des génomes de la population, mais il peut, grâce à la mutation, apporter des gènes nouveaux ou accroître légèrement la fréquence de certains gènes du pool s'il possède un génome particulièrement viable et productif. La population est l'unité évolutive qui assure constamment l'échange et la recombinaison de la réserve génétique constituée par l'ensemble des génomes individuels . Elle est le champ d'expérimentation des nouveaux gènes et des nouvelles combinaisons...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 1978
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00444/55532/57121.pdf

REGEMO Réseau Génétique Mollusques. Compte rendu de la réunion des 13 et 14 décembre 1993 - Nantes
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Naciri, Yamama; Peignon, Jean-marie; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Baud, Jean-pierre; Nourry, Max; Haure, Joel; Coatanea, Denis; Oheix, Jocelyne; Vercelli, Catherine; Chabirand, Jean-michel; Borel, Michel; Maurer, Daniele; Heurtebise, Serge; Garnier, Jacqueline; Martin, Anne-genevieve; Tige, Gilbert; Mazurie, Joseph; Langlade, Aime.
Cette réunion des membres du Réseau Génétique Mollusques avait pour objet de faire un bilan provisoire des actions en cours et surtout de mettre en place les protocoles et les calendriers du début de l'année 1994. La première demi-journée a été réservée à un exposé de Yamama NACIRI sur les bases de la Génétique Quantitative et ses applications dans le cadre des programmes de sélection des mollusques.La deuxième demi-journée a été consacrée au bilan des actions de 1993. Les représentants de chaque site, intervenant dans une opération du réseau en 1993, ont fait une présentation orale de leurs résultats. Un résumé de chaque intervention vous est fourni dans ce document. Il est important de souligner que tous ces bilans sont provisoires, en premier lieu parce...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Sélection génétique; Huître plate; Ostrea edulis; Croissance; Génétique population.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00049/15982/13425.pdf

Etude du niveau d'aneuploïdie dans les populations des zones de captage du bassin de Marennes-Oléron - Contrat Plan Etat Région Poitou-Charentes 1999 - Rapport 1999
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Lapegue, Sylvie; Thiriot Quievreux, Catherine; Mccombie, Helen; Heurtebise, Serge; Boudry, Pierre; Robert, Stephane; Soletchnik, Patrick; Goulletquer, Philippe; Gerard, Andre.
Divers travaux, menés depuis 1984, montrent qu'il existe, chez l'huître creuse Crassotrea gigas, des cellules montrant un nombre anormal de chromosomes (2n = 19, 18 ou même 17 au lieu de 2n = 20). Le niveau d'aneuploïdie est déterminé par le décompte des chromosomes à partir de suspensions cellulaires de tissu branchial. Le pourcentage de cellules aneuploïdes est toujours significativement supérieur dans les "lots de queue", c'est-à-dire les huîtres présentant des croissances plus faibles, et peut atteindre plus de 30 %. Récemment, une étude réalisée au sein du programme européen « Genephys » a démontré que plus de 50 % de la variance pour la vitesse de croissance était liée au taux d'aneuploïdie. Le but de l'expérimentation menée en 1999 est de faire un...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Aneuploïdie; Génétique des populations; Biochimie; Marennes-Oléron; Huître creuse; Crassostrea gigas.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15522/12909.pdf

Contrôle de la ploidie par imagerie numérique dans des expériences d'induction de la triploidie chez les mollusques bivalves
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Peignon, Jean-marie; Chagot, Dominique.
Individual determination of ploidy level in experimentally induced triploid bivalve molluscs using image cytometry. The sexual maturation in bivalve molluscs causes decreased growth and sometimes increased mortalities. These drawbacks can be avoided by genetic sterilization (triploidy). Triploïdy induction require a egg treatment and a ploidy control at each generation. The ploidy level is usually determined by counting the chromosomes, a technique which is relatively easy for the trochophora stage and for juveniles measuring from 5 mm to 3 cm only.  ln order to be able to follow up the evolution of the ploidy rate during any stage of animallife, we have developed an estimation method based on image cytometry. Individual DNA content is determined by...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Image cytometry; Caryology; Triploidy; Bivalve; Imagerie numérique; Caryologie; Triploïdie; Bivalve.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1991/acte-3202.pdf

Ressources génétiques chez les huîtres creuses : conservatoire de souche et marqueurs moléculaires
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Heurtebise, Serge; Collet, Bertrand; Cornette, Florence; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal; Gerard, Andre.
The cupped oyster strain bank was created at Ifremer at La Tremblade in 1992. It was funded by the Poitou-Charentes regional council. Its goals were: 1. to study the intra- and interspecific genetic differentiation within the genus Crassostrea. 2. to study acclimatization potential of foreign oysters in French waters in order to identify species that could replace Crassostrea gigas in case of a major disease outbreak in C. gigas or in case of a need or desire to diversify shellfish production. 3. to study the possibility of interspecific hybridisation in the genus Crassostrea and hybrid performance.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Saccostrea commercialis; Crassostrea rhisophorae; Crassostrea gasar; Crassostrea sikamea; Crassostrea virginica; Crassostrea rivularis; Crassotea angulata; Crassostrea gigas; Génétique.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1997/acte-3242.pdf

Contrôle de la gamétogénèse des huîtres creuses et plates. Relations "reproduction" et "génétique"
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre; Naciri-graven, Yamama; Boudry, Pierre; Launey, Sophie; Heurtebise, Serge; Ledu, Christophe; Phelipot, Pascal.
At the end of the 1980s, after two decades of aquaculture research in molluscs, Ifremer initiated its first genetic studies. These new studies quickly revealed the limits of knowledge in aquaculture, particularly in terms of controlling oyster reproduction. This presentation attempts to summarize the available information on genetics in aquaculture. In particular, breeding practices in the 1980s involved populations of broodstock, while genetics requires modern techniques where individuals, not just populations, can be identified. Controlling reproduction at the individual level in oysters raises new questions that existing protocols cannot address, especially in terms of controlling sex determination, individual maturity, spawning synchrony, chemical...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Gamètes; Fécondation; Induction ponte; Reproducteur; Conditionnement; Gamétogénèse; Génétique; Reproduction; Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1995/acte-3210.pdf

Programme 3 : Gestion durable des productions ostréicoles : les apports de la génétique. Convention 2000 RPC-A-530 Ifremer - Région Poitou-Charentes
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Boudry, Pierre; Huvet, Arnaud; Fabioux, Caroline; Lapegue, Sylvie; Heurtebise, Serge; Ledu, Christophe; Blouin, Frederic; Phelipot, Pascal; Gerard, Andre.
L'étude de la variabilité génétique de l' huître creuse Crassastrea gigas est un point essentiel dans la mise en place de programmes de gestion des ressources génétiques et de sélection chez cette espèce. C. gigas, originaire du Japon, a été introduite dans de nombreuses régions du monde et représente aujourd'hui plus de 95 % de la production mondiale d' huîtres. Introduite en France au début des années 1970 pour remplacer l' huître portugaise Crassostrea angulata, c'est aujourd 'hui une ressource de première importance pour notre région. Malgré la maîtrise du cycle de reproduction de l'espèce et son importance commerciale, elle n' a pas été génétiquement améliorée et on peut donc considérer les stocks comme « sauvages» ou « non domestiqués ». De plus, la...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Génétique; Ressources génétiques; Différenciation génétique; Hybridation; Anomalies chromosomiques; Huîtres creuses; Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15564/12955.pdf

Haplosporidiosis in the pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas from the French Atlantic coast
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Renault, Tristan; Stokes, Nancy; Chollet, Bruno; Cochennec, Nathalie; Berthe, Franck; Gerard, Andre; Burreson, Eugene.
Two cases of haplosporidian infection occurred during 1993 in Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas from the French Atlantic coast. The localization and ultrastructure of the plasmodia are described. In situ hybridization of infected tissue sections was conducted with DNA probes for oyster-infecting haplosporidians. The Haplosporidium nelsoni-specific DNA probe MSX1347 hybridized with the C. gigas parasite, and the H, costale-specific probe SSO1318 did not hybridize. Total genomic DNA was extracted from the infected tissue sections for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the haplosporidian. PCR amplifications with H. nelsoni-specific primers and with 'universal' actin primers did not yield the expected products of 573 and 700 bp, respectively. A...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Haplosporidium nelsoni; Haplosporidiosis; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oyster.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2000/publication-821.pdf

L'amélioration des performances de l'huître plate européenne Ostrea edulis par la sélection génétique
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Bedier, Edouard; Baud, Jean-pierre; Cochennec, Nathalie; Cornette, Florence; Gerard, Andre; Goyard, Emmanuel; Joly, Jean-pierre; Kopp, Joel; Langlade, Aime; Le Coguic, Yvette; Mazurie, Joseph; Nourry, Max.
The European flat oyster Ostrea edulis has been considered as the traditional French oyster for a very long time and has now nearly disappeared from our farms, as a consequence of the two successive epizootic of the Marteilia refringens parasite and Bonamia ostreae. The actual quasi monoculture of Crassostrea gigas has made necessary the search for a diversification in oyster culture, including the search for a new start of the indigenous flat oyster culture. The Ifremer has been conducting parallel works since 1985 in order to better understand the biology of the parasite as well as to try and select different lines of flat oyster resistant to Bonamia ostreae.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bonamia ostrea; Huître plate; Sélection Génétique; Ostrea edulis.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2001/acte-3274.pdf

Rapport d'activité 2000 du Laboratoire Génétique et Pathologie de La Tremblade
Provedor de dados: Institutional Archive of Ifreme (ArchiMer)
Autores: Gerard, Andre.
Les principaux objectifs du laboratoire, visent essentiellement à développer des recherches chez les mollusques bivalves marins dans les domaines de la pathologie et de la génétique.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Rapport activité; Génétique; Pathologie; Mollusques; Recherche.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00074/18536/16083.pdf