Consulta: subjectFacets:"Risk factors"
Registros recuperados: 89
Data/hora: 11/06/2024 04:19:05

Seroprevalencia y factores de riesgo asociados a brucelosis (Brucella abortus) en ganadería bovina de la zona sur de Veracruz, México.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Aguilar Ballesteros, Gerardo.
El propósito del estudio fue estimar la seroprevalencia y factores de riesgo asociados a brucelosis bovina en la zona sur de Veracruz, México. Mediante un estudio epidemiológico de tipo transversal a través de un muestreo serológico de ganado bovino. La seroprevalencia se evaluó aplicando las pruebas de Tarjeta o Rosa de Bengala y Rivanol. Se realizó una encuesta por animal y por hato, generando dos bases de datos de los 12 municipios evaluados. Los resultados obtenidos mediante las pruebas de Tarjeta y Rivanol indican una seroprevalencia general del 0.187% (2/1066)  para la zona sur de Veracruz, de igual manera, se estimó un 2.4% (2/85) de hatos con ganado positivo a brucelosis. No fue posible el cálculo de factores de riesgo en este estudio a causa de la...
Palavras-chave: Brucelosis; Bovinos; Seroprevalencia; Factores de riesgo; Abortos; Salud animal; Brucellosis; Cattle; Seroprevalence; Risk factors; Abortions; Animal health; Agrosistemas Tropicales; Maestría.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/547

Additional value of a combined genetic risk score to standard cardiovascular stratification
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Pereira,Andreia; Mendonca,Maria Isabel; Borges,Sofia; Sousa,Ana Célia; Freitas,Sónia; Henriques,Eva; Rodrigues,Mariana; Freitas,Ana Isabel; Guerra,Graça; Freitas,Carolina; Pereira,Décio; Brehm,António; Reis,Roberto Palma Dos.
Abstract The utility of genetic risk scores (GRS) as independent risk predictors remains inconclusive. Here, we evaluate the additive value of a multi-locus GRS to the Framingham risk score (FRS) in coronary artery disease (CAD) risk prediction. A total of 2888 individuals (1566 coronary patients and 1322 controls) were divided into three subgroups according to FRS. Multiplicative GRS was determined for 32 genetic variants associated to CAD. Logistic Regression and Area Under the Curve (AUC) were determined first, using the TRF for each FRS subgroup, and secondly, adding GRS. Different models (TRF, TRF+GRS) were used to classify the subjects into risk categories for the FRS 10-year predicted risk. The improvement offered by GRS was expressed as Net...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Coronary artery disease; Genetic risk score; Framingham score; Risk prediction; Risk factors.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572018000500766

Self-reported cancer family history is a useful tool for identification of individuals at risk of hereditary cancer predisposition syndrome at primary care centers in middle-income settings: a longitudinal study
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Flória-Santos,Milena; Lopes-Júnior,Luís Carlos; Alvarenga,Larissa de Melo; Ribeiro,Mayara Segundo; Ferraz,Victor Evangelista de Faria; Nascimento,Lucila Castanheira; Pereira-da-Silva,Gabriela.
Abstract Analysis of cancer family history (CFH) offers a low-cost genetic tool to identify familial cancer predisposition. In middle-income settings, the scarcity of individual records and database-linked records hinders the assessment of self-reported CFH consistency as an indicator of familial cancer predisposition. We used self-reported CFH to identify those families at risk for hereditary cancer syndromes in community-based primary care centers of a low-income Brazilian area. We also evaluated the consistency of the information collected by reassessing CFH five years later. We interviewed 390 families and constructed their pedigrees for genetic cancer risk assessment. We found 125 families affected by cancer, 35.2% with moderate to high risk of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Genetic predisposition to disease; Risk factors; Neoplasms; Family; Pedigree.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572016000200178

A literature review as an aid to identify strategies for mitigating ostreid herpesvirus 1 in Crassostrea gigas hatchery and nursery systems
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Rodgers, Chris; Arzul, Isabelle; Carrasco, Noèlia; Furones Nozal, Dolores.
An understanding of husbandry strategies and any associated risk factors is important for designing management control measures that can reduce mortality in Pacific oysters, Crassostrea gigas, caused by ostreid  herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1). The type of culture facility can be considered in relation to the potential pathways that could lead to the entry of a pathogen and its survival. In addition, the animal host (e.g. age, physiological state,  selective breeding programmes), husbandry procedures (e.g. stocking density), the pathogen itself (e.g. pathogenicity, virulence) and environmental effects (e.g. temperature) represent other relevant interconnected factors. However, all these factors provide valuable background information for outlining the mitigation...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Husbandry; Management strategies; Ostreid herpesvirus 1; Oyster herpesvirus; Risk factors.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00474/58581/61146.pdf

Revue systématique de la littérature relative aux facteurs de risque de mortalité des moules exploitées en France
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lupo, Coralie; Le Bouquin, Sophie.
La recherche bibliographique maximalisée réalisée dans le cadre de cette revue systématique de la littérature a permis de décrire le paysage de la connaissance existante sur les facteurs de risque de mortalité des espèces de moules M. edulis et M. galloprovincialis. Ces travaux ont abouti à la formalisation d’une méthodologie rigoureuse, transparente et reproductible pour la réalisation de revue systématique relative aux facteurs de risque de mortalité chez les coquillages marins. Cette revue a décrit la diversité des définitions de la mortalité des moules et ses facteurs de risque. Elle a également permis d’apprécier la quantité et la qualité des preuves recensées. Cette revue systématique a recensé 125 facteurs étudiés pour leur relation avec la...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mollusques marins; Coquillages bivalves; Moules; Mytilus edulis; Mytilus galloprovincialis; Mortalité; Facteurs de risque; Epidémiologie; Revue systématique; Bibliographie; Marine molluscs; Bivalve shellfish; Mussels; Mytilus edulis; Mytilus galloprovincialis; Mortality; Risk factors; Epidemiology; Systematic review; Bibliography.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00487/59916/63099.pdf

Effet des conditions environnementales sur le développement des pathologies à Vibrio dans les élevages de crevettes en Nouvelle-Calédonie
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lemonnier, Hugues.
Shrimp aquaculture in New Caledonia is a developing industry, exclusively based on the species Litopenaeus stylirostris. However, it is subject to mortalities during grow out as observed all over the world. Since 1993, shrimp reared during the cold period are affected by a disease named "syndrome 93". As a consequence, the whole industry has become seasonal and produces essentially during the warm season. The climatic conditions during the periods of transition between the two main seasons could be responsible for an environmental stress and the origin reason for mortality outbreaks. Stocking density is the main risk factor. It increases the probability of the appearance and development of the epizooty in the pond. The "Summer Syndrome", a septicemic...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: New Caledonia; Risk factors; Environmental stress; Vibriosis; Epizooty; Pond management; Eutrophication; Pond health; Shrimp; Litopenaeus stylirostris; Peneids; Aquaculture; Nouvelle  Calédonie; Facteur de risque; Stress environnemental; Vibrioses; Pratiques d'élevage; Eutrophisation; Santé de l'écosystème bassin; Crevette; Litopenaeus stylirostris; Pénéides; Aquacultre.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/these-2643.pdf

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Schistosomiasis among Schoolchildren in two Settings of Côte d’Ivoire
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Angora, Etienne K.; Boissier, Jérôme; Menan, Hervé; Rey, Olivier; Tuo, Karim; Touré, Andre O.; Coulibaly, Jean T.; Méité, Aboulaye; Raso, Giovanna; N’goran, Eliézer K.; Utzinger, Jürg; Balmer, Oliver.
Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease affecting more than 250 million people, primarily in sub-Saharan Africa. In Côte d’Ivoire both Schistosoma haematobium (causing urogenital schistosomiasis) and Schistosoma mansoni (causing intestinal schistosomiasis) co-exist. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of S. haematobium and S. mansoni and to identify risk factors among schoolchildren in the western and southern parts of Côte d’Ivoire. From January to April 2018, a cross-sectional study was carried out including 1187 schoolchildren aged 5–14 years. Urine samples were examined by a filtration method to identify and count S. haematobium eggs, while stool samples were subjected to duplicate Kato-Katz thick smears to quantify eggs of S. mansoni and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Côte d’Ivoire; Prevalence; Risk factors; Schistosoma haematobium; Schistosoma mansoni; Schistosomiasis.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00508/61953/66043.pdf

Environmental risk factors for canine toxoplasmosis in a deprived district of Botucatu, SP, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Camossi,LG; Faccioli,PY; Menozzi,BD; Daher,SR; Langoni,H.
Toxoplasmosis is a worldwide zoonosis caused by Toxoplasma gondii that can infect a large variety of animals, including humans. The present study aimed to evaluate the frequency of anti-T.gondii antibodies in dogs from a peripheral district of Botucatu and to establish the association among some epidemiological variables in order to evaluate risk factors for toxoplasmosis infection. Serum samples from dogs were screened using an indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test. Anti-T.gondii antibody prevalence was 56%. The highest titer was 1024 (1.79%) and the most frequent titers were 16 (57.14%) and 64 (33.93%). The chi-square (X²) test revealed significant association among variables such as dog access to street, ingestion of raw meat and presence of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Toxoplasma gondii; Dogs; IFA; Risk factors.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992008000300006

Prevalence and risk factors for human toxoplasmosis in a rural community
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Marques,JM; da Silva,DV; Correia,NAB; Velásquez,G; da Silva,RC; Langoni,H; da Silva,AV.
Toxoplasma gondii infection may lead to important pathological questions, especially in rural areas, where several sources of infection exist. Therefore, it is important to determine risk factors in order to establish adequate prophylactic measures. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors involved in human toxoplasmosis infection in a rural community, in Eldorado, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil. This community was composed of 185 farms - with 671 inhabitants - from which 20 were randomly chosen. In these farms, blood samples were collected from rural workers, who also answered a risk factor questionnaire. Serum samples were analyzed by means of direct agglutination test for the detection of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Toxoplasma gondii; Prevalence; Risk factors; Rural community.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992008000400010

Canine visceral leishmaniasis in the Northeast Region of Brazil
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Brito,Flávio Gonçalves; Langoni,Helio; Silva,Rodrigo Costa da; Rotondano,Tereza Emmanuelle de Farias; Melo,Marcia Almeida de; Paz,Giselle Souza da.
Abstract  Background  Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a zoonosis that affects dogs and other mammals, including humans. Contact with dogs is a major risk factor for humans. This disease is endemic in several regions of Brazil. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Leishmania spp. infection in dogs and to correlate it with possible risk factors.  Methods  Blood samples were collected from 391 dogs of different ages, breeds, and both genders, coming from Campina Grande, Paraíba state, Brazil. An epidemiological questionnaire was employed in order to identify risk factors associated with the disease. Serological tests were performed using indirect immunofluorescence, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA S7®) and polymerase chain...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Kala-azar; Diagnosis; Dog; Zoonosis; Risk factors.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992016000100311

Comparison of risk factors among blood donors, volunteers and replacement individuals, infected or not by hepatitis C virus
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Felippe,MJDB; Meira,DA.
Hepatitis C is transmitted primarily parenterally by contaminated blood and is often associated with: intravenous drug abuse, invasive procedures, blood transfusions, acupuncture, tattooing, and alcohol and tobacco use. This study aimed to quantify and evaluate the risk factors among blood donors, volunteer blood donors and replacement individuals, infected or not by the C virus. The main transmission routes of C virus were identified in 55 men and 25 women (GI) monitored by the Ambulatory Unit of the Department of Tropical Diseases, Botucatu Medical School, and in 24 men and 26 women (GII), all active blood donors at the Bauru State Hospital Transfusional Agency. Both groups were similar in: tobacco and alcohol consumption, sexual behavior, tattooing and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Hepatitis C; Risk factors; Blood donors; Injectable drugs; Tobacco; Alcohol; Marijuana; Sexual behavior.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992009000100010

Evaluation on the Risks of Agricultural Industrial Chain Based on FAHP - a Case of Regions Inhabited by Ethnic Groups in Wuling Mountain
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Li,   Bin.
Through recognizing the risking factors of industrial chain and selecting appropriate evaluation method, the index system on evaluating risking factors including market risk, natural risk, contact risk and efficiency risk in industrial chain is constructed, 26 weighting indicators under the four layers are set up. Taking regions inhabited by ethnic groups in Wuling Mountain as an example, the risking factors of agricultural industrial chain in the area are analyzed by adopting the FAHP. The influencing degree of each risking factor on credit risks is analyzed. The results assume that with the market risk, contract risk. natural risk and efficiency risk. The natural risks become the principal risk of agricultural industrial chain and it should be paid much...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Industrial chain; Risk factors; Risk evaluation; China; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121278

THE POSSIBILITIES OF APPLYING HISTORIC SIMULATION FOR ASSESSING THE PROFITABILITY OF INVESTMENTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Peter,   Beata.
The above methods of assessment are based on different methodological and mathematical approaches; therefore, they yield slightly different results, which can be used to complement each other and thus gain a more complex picture about the risk of the investment. Calculating break-even points and sensitivity assessment are simple variance calculation methods with differing frameworks or backgrounds. The basis of decision is NPV, as the break even points of the various factors do not come complete with clearly defined rules and cut-off points for accepting or rejecting an investment. This is especially true for the dynamic payback period, which discriminates against long-term investments. Conclusions about the risk of the investment can be drawn if expected...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Risk factors; Risk assessment methods; Simulation; Agricultural Finance; Financial Economics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58906

Serotypes of Salmonella in Broiler Carcasses Marketed at Ibague, Colombia.
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Rodriguez,JM; Rondón,IS; Verjan,N.
ABSTRACT Salmonella enterica is a large group of Gram-negative bacteria responsible for a number of foodborne infections associated with the consumption of contaminated poultry products. The hygienic status of raw chicken meat marketed at Ibague, Tolima, Colombia, is currently unknown. To address this issue, a cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of Salmonella spp., in raw chicken marketed at different outlets in this city. Salmonella spp. was isolated by standard microbiological methods, followed by biochemical, serological, and molecular confirmation. Additionally, risk factors associated with the presence of the bacteria were identified. The prevalence of Salmonella in raw chicken was 17.41% (47/270), and 14 different serotypes...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Isolation; Poultry; Prevalence; Risk factors; Serotyping.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2015000400545

Assessment of health risks and local intervention associated to living together with dogs and cats, developed at Jardim Parana, district of Brasilandia. São Paulo, Sp,- Brazil, 2003
Provedor de dados: 195
Autores: Gomes, Luciana Hardt; de Almeida, Marilene Fernandes; Paranhos, Noêmia Tucunduva; Garcia, Rita de Cássia; Nunes, Vânia de Fátima Plaza; Montenegro Neto, Hildebrando; Cardoso, Sônia Maria Sodré.
Objective: To carry out a situational diagnosis of interactions among man, animal and environment, to test intervention and control model in dogs and cats and lo make local population aware in order to improve human and animal health. Material and Method: The project "Evaluation of risks to the heath and local intervention associated to living together with dogs and cats" was carried out in the area invaded in Jardim Paraná, District of Brasilândia, São PauLo city, Brazil, in 2003 by the Center of Zoonosis Control of the São Paulo Municipality. Animal census, vaccinations, treatment of ectoparasitosis and endoparasitosis, animal register, animal sterilization, serological and soil examinations and removal of animals was carried through. Forty seven percent...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Zoonoses; Community health; Local planning; Animal health; Environment; Risk factors; Human; Animal; Interactions; Intervention; Population control; Sterilization; Dogs; Cats Zoonosis; Planificación en salud comunitaria; Estrategias locales; Salud animal; Medio ambiente y salud publica; Factores de riesgo; Hombres; Animales; Vínculo ser humano-animal; Estudios de intervención; Regulación de la población zoonoses; Planejamento em saúde comunitária; Estratégias locais; Saúde animal; Meio ambiente e saúde pública; Fatores de risco; Homens; Animais; Vínculo homem-animal; Estudos de intervenção; Controle da população; Esterilização reprodutiva; Cães; Gatos.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.revistamvez-crmvsp.com.br/index.php/recmvz/article/view/3262

Serological prevalence and risk factors of Borrelia burgdorferi in water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis, Linnaeus, 1758) on Marajó Island, northern region of Brazil
Provedor de dados: 101
Autores: Barbosa da Silva,Jenevaldo; Baêta,Bruna de A.; Lopes,Cinthia T.A.; Martins Land Manier,Bruna Sampaio; Nunes Santana de Castro,Gustavo; Nunes dos Santos,Priscilla; da Fonseca,Adivaldo Henrique; Diomedes Barbosa,José.
Sera samples were collected from 330 water buffaloes on Marajó Island, state of Pará, Brazil, to assess the presence of antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi by indirect Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Approximately 45% of the animals had antibodies against B. burgdoferi. The prevalence of seropositive buffaloes, 72% (85/118), was statistically higher in the city of Soure than in the other municipalities tested. Murrah breed animals were significantly more seropositive (Prevalence Ratio (PR) = 1.84, p = 0.000) than those of the Mediterranean breed. Among the animals diagnosed positive for tuberculosis, 33% (4/12), were also seropositive for B. burgdoferi. Animals positive for tuberculosis had a significantly lower level of B. burgdorferi...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Spirochetes; Borrelia sp.; ELISA; Buffaloes; Risk factors; Espiroquetas; Borrelia sp.; ELISA; Búfalos; Factores de riesgo.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0253-570X2014000300002

Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 gene polymorphism and breast cancer risk
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: COSTA-SILVA,DANYLO R.; BARROS-OLIVEIRA,MARIA DA CONCEIÇÃO; BORGES,RAFAEL S.; TAVARES,CLÉCITON B.; BORGES,UMBELINA S.; ALVES-RIBEIRO,FRANCISCO A.; SILVA,VLADIMIR C.; SILVA,BENEDITO B. DA.
ABSTRACT Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) gene polymorphism has been associated with an increased risk for breast cancer. IGF-1 is a key regulator of proliferation, cell differentiation and apoptosis. It has important mitogenic and anti-apoptotic activities in normal cells and in breast cancer cells, acting synergistically with estrogen to increase neoplastic cell proliferation. This review aims to present the recent finds of IGF-1 gene polymorphism and its relationship with the risk of breast cancer through following the polymorphic dinucleotide repeat cytosine-adenine (CA) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by searching in the PubMed database publications focused studies published from 2010 to 2015 related to IGF-1 gene polymorphism and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Breast cancer; Risk factors; IGF-1; IGF-1 gene polymorphism.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652016000602349

Tau, APP, NCT and BACE1 in lymphocytes through cognitively normal ageing and neuropathology
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: HERRERA-RIVERO,MARISOL; SOTO-CID,ABRAHAM; HERNáNDEZ,MARíA E.; ARANDA-ABREU,GONZALO E.
Although Alzheimer's disease is a brain disorder, a number of peripheral alterations have been found in these patients; however, little is known about how the key genes involved in the pathophysiology express in peripheral cells such as lymphocytes during normal compared to neuropathological ageing. We analysed the expression of tau, of the amyloid precursor protein, of nicastrin and of the β-site APP cleaving enzyme genes by RT-PCR in lymphocytes from a small group of late-onset Alzheimer's disease patients, from aged patients suffering from neuropsychological conditions different from Alzheimer's and from cognitively healthy subjects divided in four groups by age. We also investigated correlations between gene expression and levels of blood pressure,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Alzheimer's disease; APP; BACE1; Nicastrin; Normal ageing; Risk factors.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652013000401489

Neospora caninum antibodies and risk factors in dogs from Lages and Balneário Camboriú, SC
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Moura,A.B; Souza,A.P; Sartor,A.A; Bellato,V; Pisetta,G.M; Teixeira,E.B; Heusser Junior,A.
Identificaram-se os fatores de risco e a ocorrência de anticorpos contra Neospora caninum em cães das cidades de Lages e Balneário Camboriú, SC. Amostras de soro de 400 cães domiciliados (200 de cada município) foram processadas para a detecção de anticorpos contra N. caninum pela técnica de imunofluorescência indireta. Informações acerca dos fatores de risco foram obtidas por meio de questionário. Dos 400 cães, 49 (12,3%) apresentaram anticorpos contra N. caninum. Em Lages, 26 (13%) foram positivos para N. caninume; em Balneário Camboriú, 23 (11,5%). Não foram observadas diferenças estatísticas entre as ocorrências de anticorpos contra N. caninum (P= 0,647) nas duas cidades. Das variáveis analisadas, somente idade apresentou associação (P=0.020, odds...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Dog; Neospora caninum; Risk factors; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352011000100039

Transmission of visceral leishmaniasis in dogs in a risk area of the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Lopes,E.G.P.; Oviedo-Pastrana,M.E.; Borges,L.F.N.M.; Freitas,A.C.P.; Dias,E.S.; Silva,S.R.; Haddad,J.P.A.; França-Silva,J.C.; Soares,D.F.M.
ABSTRACT Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) has spread rapidly across cities in the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte. The aim of this study was to investigate VL dynamics in a prospective cohort study of dogs in Juatuba, between 2010 and 2011, to confirm the incidence of Leishmania infantum, and to assess possible risk factors associated with infection. An observational and prospective closed cohort study was performed using serology testing in dogs, randomly selected from the whole municipality. All seronegative dogs, or dogs with inconclusive results were monitored using indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) at 6-month intervals. The dog's owners completed a semi-structured questionnaire to assess possible causal factors of seroconversion, and the responses...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Leishmaniasis; Incidence; Seroconversion; Risk factors; Cluster.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352016000601403

Occurrence of Mycoplasma bovigenitalium and Ureaplasma diversum in dairy cattle from to Pernambuco state, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Macêdo,A.A.M.; Oliveira,J.M.B.; Silva,B.P.; Borges,J.M.; Soares,L.B.F.; Silva,G.M.; Santos,S.B.; Mota,R.A.; Pinheiro-Júnior,J.W.
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to conduct an investigation of Mycoplasma bovigenitalium and Ureaplasma diversum infections in cattle in the microregion of the Ipanema Valley, state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Vaginal swabs were collected from 355 breeding cows in reproductive age and were analyzed by multiplex PCR (mPCR) and culture. An epidemiological investigation of risk factors was performed for Mollicutes. mPCR analysis showed that, 9.29% (33/355) of the cows were positive for M. bovigenitalium and 21.69% (77/355) for U. diversum; coinfection was observed in 2.81% (10/355) of the cows. The microbiological isolation showed, 81.81% (27/33) of Mycoplasma spp. and 24.67% (19/77) of Ureaplasma spp.. The risk factors related to Mollicutes infection...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: MPCR; Mollicutes; Cows; Risk factors; Ipanema valley.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352018000601798

Risk factors associated with the occurrence of Cryptosporidium parvum infection in calves
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Almeida,A.J; Oliveira,F.C.R; Flores,V.M.Q; Lopes,C.W.G.
Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts were detected in feces of dairy calves raised in Rio de Janeiro State and the risk factors involved in the infection were determined. A hundred calves aging up to 12-month-old from 13 dairy farms were sampled. Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the presence of oocysts. The zoonotic C. parvum species was detected in 45% animals. Statistical risk factors analyses revealed an association between infection and animals raised in technical systems such as the use of milking equipment, milking cooler, and water trough(P&lt;0.05)
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Dairy calf; Criptosporidiosis; Protozoan; Risk factors.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352010000600005

Angiotensin II type 1 receptor A1166C GENE polymorphism and essential hypertension in San Luis
Provedor de dados: 47
Autores: Lapierre,Alicia Viviana; Arce,María Elena; Lopez,José Raúl; Ciuffo,Gladys María.
Essential hypertension is considered a multifactorial trait resulting from a combination of environmental and genetic factors. The angiotensin II type 1 receptor mediates the vasoconstrictor and growthpromoting effects of Ang II. The A1166C polymorphism of the AT1 receptor gene may be associated with cardiovascular phenotypes, such as high arterial blood pressure, aortic stiffness, and increased cardiovascular risk. We investigated the association between this A1166C polymorphism and hypertension in hypertense and normotense subjects from San Luis (Argentina) by mismatch PCR-RFLP analysis. Hypertense patients exhibited significant increases in lipid related values and body mass index. The frequency of occurrence of the C1166 allele was higher among...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Angiotensin II; A1166C polymorphism; Risk factors; RAS system; Pharmacogenetics.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0327-95452006000300005

Metabolic interactions between hyperhomocysteinemia and endothelin-1 among Tunisian patients with acute coronary diseases
Provedor de dados: 48
Autores: Chalghoum,Abdelkader; Noichri,Yosri; Karkouch,Ines; Dandana,Azza; Baudin,Bruno; Jeridi,Guieder; Ferchichi,Salima; Miled,Abdelhédi.
BACKGROUND: Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are complex and polygenic diseases which are a real problem of public health. These syndromes require multidisciplinary studies to understand the pathogenesis mechanisms and metabolic interactions between different risk factors.This study aimed to explore the variation of two coronary risk parameters not mentioned by Framingham cohorts, hyperhomocysteinemia and endothelin-1 (ET-1) in Tunisian coronary and the study of the variation of these parameters based on various cardiac risk factors and metabolic relationship between them.To 157 coronary and 142 healthy subjects, the concentration of homocysteine was quantified by fluorescence polarization immunoassay; the concentration of ET-1 was measured by an analytical...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Acute coronary syndrome; Endothelin-1; Hyperhomocysteinemia; Risk factors.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602015000100032

Clinical risk factors for Clostridium difficile-associated diseases
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Cho,Sung Min; Lee,Jae Joon; Yoon,Hee Jung.
Many factors appear to influence the chance of acquiring Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) infection, and an accurate identification of risk factors could be beneficial in many ways. Thus, in the present study, clinical risk factors for C. difficile-associated disease (CDAD) in Korea were identified. A total of 93 patients who met the inclusion criteria and 186 age/gender/ward/admission period-matched control patients were included in this study. Statistically significant associations were found with presence of chronic lung diseases (odds ratio [OR], 3.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.25-9.32; p = 0.017), presence of ileus (OR, 10.05; 95% CI, 2.42-41.80; p = 0.001), presence of intensive care unit (ICU) stay (OR, 9.79; 95% CI, 3.03-31.68; p &lt;...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Risk factors; Clostridium difficile-associated; Diseases.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702012000300007

Prevalence of maternal group B streptococcal colonization and related risk factors in a Brazilian population
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Zusman,Alexander S.; Baltimore,Robert S.; Fonseca,Silvia N.S.
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of maternal group B Streptococcal (GBS) colonization and compare risk factor data related to GBS colonization. A prospective surveillance study of 598 pregnant women was conducted in two socioeconomically diverse maternity hospitals in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil between June and October 1999. Swabs from the lower vagina were obtained between 35 and 37 weeks gestation and cultured on selective media. Risk factor data were obtained by patient interview and chart review. The overall maternal GBS colonization prevalence rate was 17.9%. There was no association of GBS colonization with maternity hospital and no association of GBS colonization with previously identified risk factors, such as age, race,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Group B Streptococcus (GBS); Colonization; Neonatal sepsis; Brazil; Latin America; Risk factors.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702006000400005

Evaluation of blood stream infections by Candida in three tertiary hospitals in Salvador, Brazil: a case-control study
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Barberino,Maria Goreth; Silva,Nanci; Rebouças,Carla; Barreiro,Katarine; Alcântara,Ana Paula; Netto,Eduardo M.; Albuquerque,Lígia; Brites,Carlos.
Invasive infections caused by Candida spp. are an important problem in immunocompromised patients. There is scarce data on the epidemiology of blood stream candidiasis in Salvador, Brazil. This study evaluates the risk factors associated with candidemia, among patients admitted to three tertiary, private hospitals, in Salvador, Brazil. We conducted a case-control, retrospective study to compare patients with diagnosis of candidemia in three different tertiary hospitals in Salvador, Brazil. Patients were matched for nosocomial, acquired infections, according to the causal agent: cases were defined by positive blood cultures for Candida species. Controls were those patients who had a diagnosis of systemic bacterial infection, with a positive blood culture to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Invasive candidiasis; Risk factors; Bacteremia.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702006000100008

Risk factors for Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia in nonventilated adults
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Fortaleza,Carlos Magno Castelo Branco; Abati,Paulo Afonso Martins; Batista,Márcia Regina; Dias,Adriano.
Although most recent publications focus on Ventilator-associated Pneumonia, Non-Ventilator-associated Hospital-acquired pneumonia (NVHAP) is still worrisome. We studied risk factors for NVHAP among patients admitted to a small teaching hospital. Sixty-six NVHAP case patients and 66 controls admitted to the hospital from November 2005 through November 2006 were enrolled in a case-control study. Variables under investigation included: demographic characteristics, comorbidities, procedures, invasive devices and use of medications (Sedatives, Antacids, Steroids and Antimicrobials). Univariate and multivariable analysis (hierarchical models of logistic regression) were performed. The incidence of NVHAP in our hospital was 0.68% (1.02 per 1,000 patients-day)....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Hospital acquired pneumonia; Non-ventilator associated pneumonia; Risk factors.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702009000400009

A study of risk factors associated with the prevalence of Cryptosporidium in villages around Lake Atitlan, Guatemala
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Laubach,H. E.; Bentley,C. Z.; Ginter,E. L.; Spalter,J. S.; Jensen,L. A.
Cryptosporidium parvum is an endemic, zoonotic coccidian parasitosis that is highly prevalent in third-world countries where waterborne fecal contamination of food and drink or person-to-person contact with oocysts are the most common methods of transmission of the enteric protozoan. This type of transmission of the parasite made the villages around Lake Atitlan, Guatemala a unique site to compare environmental risk factors with the level of Cryptosporidium infections in the local residents. The study was carried out in two villages, San Antonio Palopo and Santa Catarina Palopo, located in the highlands above the shores of the lake. Smears from stool specimens of patients with gastroenteritis were processed using Kinyoun's modified acid-fast stain and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cryptosporidium; Disease transmission; Guatemala; Risk factors; Lake-water.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702004000400008

Prevalence and risk factors for erectile dysfunction in HIV-infected patients in Salvador, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Gomes,Tacila Veras; Brites,Carlos.
ABSTRACT  Background: Effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) has increased life expectancy for HIV patients to levels close to that observed for general population. Comorbidities are also increasing, due to ageing of such population. Erectile dysfunction (ED) has been a frequent finding in men living with HIV.  Objectives: The goals of the present study were to define the prevalence of ED and associated factors in HIV-infected men, in a referral center of Salvador city, Brazil.  Methods: HIV-infected men ≥18 years of age, receiving care at the AIDS Clinics of Complexo Hospitalar Professor Edgard Santos (C-HUPES), Universidade Federal da Bahia were consecutively included in the study until the estimated sample size (N = 134) was reached. Patients filled a...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Erectile dysfunction; AIDS; Bahia; Risk factors.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702019000600464

Risk factors for nosocomial bloodstream infection caused by multidrug resistant gram-negative bacilli in pediatrics
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Arnoni,Mariana V.; Berezin,Eitan N.; Martino,Marinês D.V.
The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for nosocomial bloodstream infections by multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacilli. From November 2001 to December 2003, in the Pediatric Department of the Santa Casa de São Paulo, a retrospective case-control study was developed concerning patients who had nosocomial bloodstream infection caused by Gram-negative bacilli. Patients with multidrug resistant infections were designated as case patients, and control patients were those with an infection that did not meet the criteria for multidrug resistance. Previous use of central venous catheter and previous use of vancomycin plus third generation cephalosporins were associated to a higher chance of infections by multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacilli...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bloodstream infection; Gram-negative bacilli; Risk factors.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702007000200020

Enterobacteriaceae resistant to third generation cephalosporins upon hospital admission: risk factors and clinical outcomes
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Oliveira,Mirian Cristina; Oliveira,Clara Rodrigues Alves; Gonçalves,Karine Valéria; Santos,Marciléa Silva; Tardelli,Amanda Cristina Silva; Nobre Jr.,Vandack Alencar.
Objectives: Evaluate risk factors and clinical outcomes of infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae resistant to third-generation cephalosporins present in samples collected upon hospital admission.Methods: Risk factors were evaluated using a 1:2 ratio case-control study. Influence of resistance on the appropriateness of antibiotic therapy, length of stay, and hospital mortality were prospectively evaluated. Characteristics independently associated with the presence of resistant enterobacteria were assessed by logistic regression.Results: Enterobacteria resistant to third-generation cephalosporins were quite common (26.0%). Male gender (OR: 2.66; 95% CI, 1.17-5.06; p= 0.019), invasive prosthesis (OR: 3.79; 95% CI, 1.29-11.08; p= 0.015), previous use of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Enterobacteriaceae; Third generation cephalosporins; Risk factors; Antibiotic resistance.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702015000300239

Factors associated with epidemic multiresistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in a hospital with AIDS-predominant admissions
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Gomes,Marisa Zenaide Ribeiro; Oliveira,Raquel Vasconcellos C. de; Machado,Carolina Romero; Conceição,Magda de Souza da; Souza,Cristina Vieira de; Lourenço,Maria Cristina da Silva; Asensi,Marise Dutra.
INTRODUCTION: Infections caused by multiresistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MR-PA) have been associated with persistent infections and high mortality in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. Therefore, understanding the predisposing factors for infection/colonization by this agent is critical for controlling outbreaks caused by MR-PA in settings with AIDS patients. OBJECTIVEAND METHODS: To analyze the presence of factors associated with the acquisition of an epidemic MR-PA strain in a hospital with AIDS-predominant admission. A case-control study was carried out in which cases and controls were gathered from a prospective cohort of all hospitalized patients in an infectious disease hospital during a five-year study period. RESULTS: Multivariate...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Risk factors; Disease outbreaks; Molecular epidemiology; Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702012000300001

Surgical site infection in a university hospital in northeast Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Medeiros,Aldo Cunha; Aires-Neto,Tertuliano; Azevedo,George Dantas; Vilar,Maria José Pereira; Pinheiro,Laíza Araújo Mohana; Brandão-Neto,José.
We examined prevention of surgical site infection (SSI) in a tertiary teaching hospital in northeast Brazil, from January 1994 to December 2003. The survey included 5,742 patients subjected to thoracic, urologic, vascular and general surgery. The criteria for diagnosing SSI were those of the Centers for Disease Control, USA, and the variables of the National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance risk index were used. Data analysis revealed that anesthetic risk scores, wound class and duration of surgery were significantly associated with SSI. A total of 296 SSIs were detected among the 5,742 patients (5.1%). The overall incidence of SSI was 8.8% in 1994; it decreased to 3.3% in 2003. In conclusion, the use of educational strategies, based on guidelines for SSI...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Surgical site infection; Risk factors; Surveillance.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702005000400007

Comparing hospital infections in the elderly versus younger adults: an experience in a Brazilian University Hospital
Provedor de dados: 55
The elderly population will grow rapidly over the next 25 years, however there is little information about hospital infections in this group of patients in Brazil. We examined the prevalence of nosocomial and community infections in elderly (&gt;65 years) patients and their relationship with intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors in a Brazilian University Hospital. A total of 155 hospitalized elderly patients were evaluated, and clinical and demographic information about each patient was obtained from hospital records. The rates of nosocomial and community infections were 16.1% and 25.6%, respectively. When the elderly group with and without nosocomial infections was analyzed, practically all the risk factors considered (use of antibiotics, invasive devices,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Elderly; Nosocomial infections; Risk factors; Brazilian hospitals; Infection control.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702003000300006

Epidemiological aspects of an infection by Brucella abortus in risk occupational groups in the microregion of Araguaína, Tocantins
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Ramos,Taciana Rabelo Ramalho; Pinheiro Junior,José Wilton; Moura Sobrinho,Pedro Alves de; Santana,Vânia Lúcia de Assis; Guerra,Neurisvan Ramos; Melo,Lúcio Esmeraldo Honório de; Mota,Rinaldo Aparecido.
The aim of this paper was to study some epidemiological aspects of the infection by Brucella abortus in risk occupational groups in the microregion of Araguaína, Tocantins. For antibody research, 645 serum samples were analyzed by the complement fixation test (CF). A 4.0% frequency was found (26/645) in patients' serum and among those 4.1% (23/551) were slaughterhouses employees and 8.1% (3/37) rural workers. Of the total positive samples, three (2.0%) were women and 23 (4.7%) men; ten (2.9%) were between the ages of 18 and 30, six (3.4%) between 31 and 40, and nine (8.0%) were above 41 years of age. Risk factors for brucellosis in the study groups were age, background (OR = 2.45; CI 95% = 0.98 to 6.10) and previous work conducted with production animals...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Brucellosis; Epidemiology; Humans; Risk factors.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702008000200007

Trichomonas vaginalis infection among young pregnant women in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Miranda,Angelica E.; Pinto,Valdir M.; Gaydos,Charlotte A.
Our goal was to determine the prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis and its associated risk factors in parturient women aged 15–24 years attending Brazilian public maternity units. Participants answered a demographic, behavioral, and clinical data questionnaire. A sample of urine was screened for T. vaginalis. A total 299 women participated in this study. The prevalence rate of T. vaginalis was 7.7% (95% CI: 4.7–10.7%). The factors associated with T. vaginalis were use of illicit drugs OR = 4.70 (95% CI: 1.63–13.56, p = 0.004)] and not attending antenatal care OR = 5.15 (95% CI: 1.15–23.25, p = 0.032)]. These data demonstrate that it is important to discuss how to include routine screening for T. vaginalisduring antenatal care in Brazil.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report
Palavras-chave: Trichomonas vaginalis; Pregnancy; Prevalence; Risk factors.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702014000600669

Hepatitis C in hemodialysis: the contribution of injection drug use
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Galperim,Bruno; Mattos,Angelo A; Stein,Airton T; Schneider,Nuttiane C; Buriol,André; Fonseca,André; Lunge,Vagner; Ikuta,Nilo.
BACKGROUND: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the most common cause of acute or chronic hepatitis in patients on hemodialysis (HD). The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of positive HCV RNA and investigate injection drug use as an emerging risk factor in patients with chronic renal disease on HD. METHODS: This was a multicenter cross-sectional study with 325 patients with chronic renal disease on HD in the period between August 1, 2005 to August 30, 2006, receiving care at four institutions in the city of Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil. Epidemiological data were collected by means of a structured questionnaire. The following laboratory tests were performed: alanine aminotransferase (ALT), anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies (anti-HCV),...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Hepatitis C virus; Hemodialysis; Injection drug use; Risk factors.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702010000400020

Angina pectoris in patients with HIV/AIDS: prevalence and risk factors
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Zirpoli,Josefina Cláudia; Lacerda,Heloisa Ramos; Albuquerque,Valéria Maria Gonçalves de; Albuquerque,Maria de Fátima Pessoa Militão de; Miranda Filho,Demócrito de Barros; Monteiro,Verônica Soares; Barros,Isly Lucena de; Arruda Junior,Evanízio Roque de; Montarroyos,Ulisses Ramos; Ximenes,Ricardo Arraes de Alencar.
INTRODUCTION: The incidence of ischemic heart disease is higher in patients with HIV/AIDS. However, the frequency of angina pectoris in these patients is still not known. Literature about this subject is still scarce. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of angina pectoris and risk factors for coronary disease and to examine the association between traditional risk factors and HIV-related risk factors and angina pectoris. METHOD: An epidemiological cross-sectional study, analyzed as case-control study, involving 584 patients with HIV/AIDS. Angina pectoris was identified by Rose questionnaire, classified as definite or possible. Information regarding risk factors was obtained through a questionnaire, biochemical laboratory tests, medical records and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Acquired immunodeficiency; Syndrome; Angina pectoris; Coronary disease; Risk factors.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702012000100001

Hepatitis C as a risk factor for diabetes type 2: lack of evidence in a hospital in central-west Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Costa,Luce Marina Freires Corrêa da; Mussi,Aparecida Duarte Hg; Brianeze,Marylina Rodrigues; Souto,Francisco José Dutra.
In order to assess the importance of HCV infection as a possible risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus, a case-control study was conducted, comparing the prevalence of HCV infection among diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Diabetic outpatients attending to a University Hospital in Central-West Brazil were evaluated between April and October 2005. A control group composed by patients from the same institution was matched by gender and age. Candidates to control group were included only if fasting glucose measures were under 100 mg/dL. Diabetics and controls had blood samples taken in order to test for antibodies against HCV (anti-HCV) by enzyme-immunoassay. Polymerase chain reaction and immunoblot were performed to confirm the anti-HCV status. Each...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Case control study; Risk factors; Hepatitis C virus; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702008000100007

Multivariate analysis of the factors associated with the risk of pneumonia in intensive care units
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Carrilho,Cláudia Maria Dantas de Maio; Grion,Cintia Magalhães Carvalho; Bonametti,Ana Maria; Medeiros,Eduardo Alexandrino Servolo; Matsuo,Tiemi.
Pneumonia is the most frequent hospital infection in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU) and is also responsible for the highest lethality rates, as well as an increase in both the duration and costs of hospitalization. The objective of this study was to identify predisposing factors for pneumonia. A prospective cohort study was carried out between June 1996 and June 1997, and included 540 patients admitted consecutively for periods greater than 24 hours to the adult ICU of the Londrina State University's Teaching Hospital. Of these, 83 (15.4%) developed pneumonia. All patients were analyzed with respect to various risk factors for hospital-acquired pneumonia. Univariate analysis identified the following factors: decreased level of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Pneumonia; Epidemiology; Risk factors.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702007000300008

Predictors of undetectable plasma viral load in HIV-positive adults receiving antiretroviral therapy in Southern Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Silveira,Marysabel Pinto Telis; Draschler,Maria de Lourdes; Leite,José Carlos de Carvalho; Pinheiro,Cezar Arthur Tavares; Silveira,Vera Lúcia da.
Factors associated with undetectable viral load (&lt;80 copies/ml) were investigated among non-pregnant adults in antiretroviral treatment in a specialized service for HIV/AIDS in Southern Brazil. Use of antiretrovirals was investigated in two interviews (one month interval). Clinical data were collected from the clinical records; viral load previous to adherence measurement was defined the viral load previous to the first interview; the final viral load, the viral load subsequent to the second interview (interval between measures approximately 6 months). Undetectable final viral load occurred in 48% of the patients and was positively associated with levels of treatment adherence (p&lt;0.001), being 19% for less than 60% of adherence and about 60% for...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV; Antiretroviral therapy; Adherence; Viral load; Predictors; Risk factors.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702002000400003

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in infants hospitalized for acute lower respiratory tract disease: incidence and associated risks
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Riccetto,Adriana Gut Lopes; Ribeiro,José Dirceu; Silva,Marcos Tadeu Nolasco da; Almeida,Renata Servan de; Arns,Clarice Weis; Baracat,Emílio Carlos Elias.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the main causes of acute lower respiratory tract infections worldwide. We examined the incidence and associated risks for RSV infection in infants hospitalized in two university hospitals in the state of São Paulo. We made a prospective cohort study involving 152 infants hospitalized for acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRTI) in two university hospitals in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil, between April and September 2004. Clinical and epidemiological data were obtained at admission. RSV was detected by direct immunofluorescence of nasopharyngeal secretions. Factors associated with RSV infection were assessed by calculating the relative risk (RR). The incidence of RSV infection was 17.5%. Risk factors...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Acute respiratory infection; Respiratory syncytial virus; Risk factors.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702006000500011

Bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia: serotype distribution, antimicrobial susceptibility, severity scores, risk factors, and mortality in a single center in Chile
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Fica,Alberto; Bunster,Nicolás; Aliaga,Felipe; Olivares,Felipe; Porte,Lorena; Braun,Stephanie; Dabanch,Jeannette; Hormázabal,Juan Carlos; Hernández,Antonio; Benavides,María Guacolda.
AIMS:Bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia (BPP) is a severe condition. To evaluate seasonal distribution, mortality, serotype frequencies, antimicrobial susceptibility, and different severity scores among patients with BPP.PATIENTS AND METHODS:Patients were identified by laboratory data and restricted to adulthood. Standard methods were used for serotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility. Risk factors were analyzed by univariate and multivariate methods. Severity scores (APACHE II, CURB-65 and CAP PIRO) were compared using ROC curves.RESULTS:Sixty events of community-acquired BPP occurred between 2005 and 2010. A seasonal pattern was detected. Mean age was 72.1 years old (81.4% &gt;60 years). All had a predisposing factor. Previous influenza (3.3%) or...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Streptococcus pneumoniae; Bacteremia; Serotyping; Microbial drug resistance; Risk factors; Mortality; Elderly; CURB-65; APACHE II; PIRO.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702014000200115

Vibrio vulnificus infection in São Paulo, Brazil: case report and literature review
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Araujo,Maria Rita Elmor de; Aquino,Caroline; Scaramal,Elton; Ciola,Claudete Sílvia; Schettino,Guilherme; Machado,Marcel Cerqueira Cesar.
Non cholera Vibrio may cause conjunctivitis, wound infection, gastroenteritis and serious sepsis. Transmission to men is through contact with skin, mucosa or wounds exposed to marine water, and consumption of certain barely cooked or raw seafood, more frequently in the summer. This is one of the first cases of severe infection related to Vibrio vulnificus described in Brazil. The patient was an old man, who ingested seafood in Guarujá, a seashore city near São Paulo, 3 days before hospitalization. He was admitted to the emergency room in an ill state with septic shock. On 2 sets of blood culture a highly virulent microorganism was isolated, Vibrio vulnificus, which leads to sepsis and frequently to death in susceptible patients. The objective of this...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report
Palavras-chave: Vibrio vulnificus; Septic shock; Risk factors.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702007000200029

Grading and staging chronic hepatitis C and its relation to genotypes and epidemiological factors in brazilian blood donors
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Silva,Giovanni Faria; Nishimura,Nancy F.; Coelho,Kunie Iabuki Rabello; Soares,Elza Cotrim.
Progression of chronic hepatitis C is known to be associated with some factors, but influence of HCV genotypes is still controversial. Association between HCV genotypes and other risk factors was examined to determine which factors are associated with progression of infection. One hundred consecutive anti-HCV positive volunteer blood donors were evaluated for several risk factors, examined for HCV genotypes, and submitted to hepatic biopsy and biochemical exams.HCV genotyping were carried out in 89 patients and hepatic biopsy in 78. Transmission routes were found to be illicit intravenous drug use (26%), Gluconergan® use in a non-safe manner (48%) and blood transfusion (15%). HCV genotype was 1 in 45%, 3 in 40%, and it was not associated with the stage of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Hepatitis C; Fibrosis; Risk factors.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702005000200004

Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections: factors relating to mortality with emphasis on resistance pattern and antimicrobial treatment
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Pinheiro,Millena R.S.; Lacerda,Heloisa R.; Melo,Renata G.L.; Maciel,Mª Amélia.
A retrospective case-control study was conducted to investigate the risk factors for death among intensive care unit patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Out of 131 patients investigated, 67 (51.1%) died within 30 days of being diagnosed with this infection. The mean duration of hospital stay before this diagnosis was 28.5 ± 26.5 days. No association was found between bacterial resistance and death in this study (multiresistant p= 0.26; panresistant p= 0.42), but the adequacy of the initial treatment was inversely proportional to the degree of resistance. There was a tendency towards greater mortality among patients who received combination therapy (empirical p= 0.09; definitive p= 0.08), despite the greater frequency of appropriate treatment in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Risk factors; Case-control study; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Death.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702008000600013

Epidemiological and clinical aspects of urinary tract infection in community-dwelling elderly women
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Marques,Luiz Paulo José; Flores,Juliana Timóteo; Barros Junior,Onofre de Oliveira; Rodrigues,Giovana Breda; Mourão,Carla de Medeiros; Moreira,Rosa Maria Portella.
BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in elderly patients can be a complex problem in terms of approach to diagnosis, treatment, and prevention, because the patients often present nonspecific symptoms. The epidemiological and clinical characteristics of UTI in elderly women were studied, in order to make early diagnosis and prevent serious clinical complications secondary to UTI. METHODS: This was a prospective population-based study, with elderly women, during their first medical office visit. Medical records were obtained by clinical history and physical examination in order to detect signs and symptoms of UTI and the presence of comorbidities. Clean-catch midstream urine specimens for urinary dipstick test, sediment, and culture were collected;...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Elderly women; Urinary tract infection; Asymptomatic bacteriuria; Risk factors; Therapy.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702012000500006

Helicobacter pylori infection in adults from a poor urban community in northeastern Brazil: demographic, lifestyle and environmental factors
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Rodrigues,Maria N.; Queiroz,Dulciene M. M.; Rodrigues,Rodrigo T.; Rocha,Andreia M.C.; Braga Neto,Manuel B.; Braga,Lucia L.B.C.
We investigated the prevalence and the risk factors for infection with Helicobacter pylori in a randomly-selected population of adults from a low-income community in Northeastern Brazil. Helicobacter pylori infection was determined by ELISA. Risk factors were assessed using a structured interview. Two hundred and four individuals were included in the study, including 49 males and 155 females, ranging from 18 to 80 years old. Overall, 165 of 204 participants (80%) were H. pylori positive, without significant gender differences (p= 0.49). The infection rate was of 84.7% in subjects 18 to 30 years of age, increasing to 92% in subjects 46-60 years old. Above 60 years old, the prevalence decreased slightly. As a whole, the prevalence of infection did not...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Helicobacter pylori; Prevalence; Risk factors; Northeastern Brazil.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702005000500008

Risk factors for mortality in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Tuon,Felipe F.; Graf,Maria Esther; Merlini,Alexandre; Rocha,Jaime L.; Stallbaum,Suellen; Arend,Lavinia N.; Pecoit-Filho,Roberto.
Abstract  Background: The ideal therapeutic option for ventilator associated pneumonia caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae is not defined. The aim of this study was to assess mortality-associated risk factors in patients with VAP by CRE and determine the outcome of several treatment options.  Methods: This was a retrospective study performed in two tertiary hospitals involving patients with VAP caused by CRE between January 2010 and August 2014. The outcomes were mortality within 30 days of VAP diagnosis and overall mortality during hospital admission. Risk factors for mortality were assessed by comparing variables of survivors and non-survivors.  Results: One hundred and twelve patients with CRE-VAP were included, 73 (65%) male, median age...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae; Ventilator-associated pneumonia; Risk factors; Mortality; Treatment.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702017000100001

Characteristics associated with anti-HCV serological markers in prisoners in the state of Paraná, Brazil: a case-control study
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Silva,Tânia Maria Pazin Marques; Ferreto,Lirane Elize Defante; Follador,Franciele Ani Caovilla; Vieira,Ana Paula; Yamada,Roberto Shigueyasu; Lucio,Léia Carolina; Titon,Joana Perotta; Torres,Renata Himovski; Amaral,Greicy Cézar do; Coelho,Harnoldo Colares.
ABSTRACT  Background: The prison system in Paraná, Brazil, is experiencing serious problems related to the increasing number of prisoners. Control of hepatitis C virus (HCV) has become more intense because the incarcerated population is considered a high-risk group for contagious diseases due to the favorable conditions found in prisons for the spread of these morbidities. The objective of this study was to identify features associated with hepatitis C infection among male prisoners in correctional institutions of Paraná state, Brazil.  Methods: This was a case-control study (27 cases and 54 controls) of men incarcerated in 11 penitentiaries in Paraná, Brazil. Information was obtained through a questionnaire in a cross-sectional epidemiological survey on...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Hepatitis C; Risk factors; Prisoners.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702019000300173

Bloodstream infections caused by ESBL-producing E. Coli and K. pneumoniae: risk factors for multidrug-resistance
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Serefhanoglu,Kivanc; Turan,Hale; Timurkaynak,Funda Ergin; Arslan,Hande.
This prospective case-control study was conducted from October 2003 to June 2007 to evaluate risk factors for multidrug resistance among extended-spectrum-b-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. (ESBL-EK) isolates in blood cultures. All adult patients (&gt;18 years old) whose blood cultures grew ESBL-EK during the study period were included. An ESBL-EK isolate was defined as MDR if it was resistant to at least one member of following two classes of antibiotics: aminoglycosides (amikacin, gentamicin, or netilmycin) and fluoroquinolones (ofloxacin, or ciprofloxacin). Case patients were those with a MDR ESBL-EK isolate, and control patients were those with a non-MDR ESBL-EK isolate. A total of 94 bloodstream infections, including 37 (39,4%)...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: ESBLs; Multidrug resistance; Risk factors.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702009000600003

Risk factors for bloodstream infections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Quirante,Olivia Ferrández; Cerrato,Santiago Grau; Pardos,Sonia Luque.
The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for bacteremia by extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Retrospective case-control study performed in a 450-bed acute care academic tertiary hospital in Barcelona, Spain. Cases included 53 patients with ESBL-producing E. coli or K. pneumoniae bacteremia, and 159 controls with non-ESBL-producing E. coli or K. pneumoniae bacteremia. Controls were matched in a 3:1 ratio to case patients according to species of infecting organism, age, and severity of illness in the 24-48h before blood sample collection for culture calculated by the Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS II) system. Previous antimicrobials were more frequently administered to cases...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Bacteremia; Β-lactamases; Risk factors.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702011000400012

Risk factors for nosocomial infection in a Brazilian neonatal intensive care unit
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Távora,Ana Carolina Vieira Costa Fernandes; Castro,Antonieta B.; Militão,Maria Afonsina M.; Girão,José Eduilton; Ribeiro,Karina de Cássia Braga; Távora,Lara Gurgel Fernandes.
This study was designed to describe the epidemiology and risk factors for nosocomial infection (NI) in a Brazilian neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). This study was a retrospective cohort from January to December, 2003. All neonates admitted to the NICU. Infection surveillance was conducted according to the NNIS, CDC. Chi-square test and logistic regression model were performed for statistical analyses. The study was conducted at a public, tertiary referral NICU of a teaching hospital in the Northeast of Brazil. A total of 948 medical records were reviewed. Overall NI incidence rate was 34%. The main neonatal NI was bloodstream infection (68.1%), with clinical sepsis accounting for 47.2%, and pneumonia was the second most common NI (8.6%). Multivariate...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Risk factors; Neonatal nosocomial infection; Neonatal intensive care unit.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702008000100016

Nosocomial bloodstream infections: organisms, risk factors and resistant phenotypes in the Brazilian University Hospital
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Ribas,Rosineide M.; Freitas,Claudete; Gontijo Filho,Paulo P.
Bacteremia is one of the most frequent and challenging hospital-acquired infection and it is associated with high attributable morbidity and mortality and additional use of healthcare resources. The objective of this work was to determine the frequencies of its occurrence, organisms and resistance phenotypes associated to nosocomial acquired bloodstream infections. A total number of 51 nosocomial bacteremia by Gram-negative and 99 by Gram-positive were evaluated and compared during a 15-month period. The risk factors associated with these bacteremias were analyzed and antibiotic use and surgery were associated with bacteremia by Gram-negative and &gt; 2 invasive devices with Gram-positive. The resistance phenotypes ESBL (extended-spectrum beta-lactamases)...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Nosocomial bacteremia; Resistance phenotypes; Risk factors.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702007000300010

Factors related to HIV/tuberculosis coinfection in a Brazilian reference hospital
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Carvalho,Bráulio Matias de; Monteiro,André Jalles; Pires Neto,Roberto da Justa; Grangeiro,Thalles Barbosa; Frota,Cristiane Cunha.
Infection with both Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis is currently the world's leading cause of death due to infectious agents. We evaluated factors related to the development of tuberculosis (TB) in HIV-infected patients who were being treated at an infectious diseases hospital in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. From January 2004 to December 2005, we made an epidemiological study through the analysis of the medical records of 171 patients, who were diagnosed as having both HIV and tuberculosis. Among these co-infected patients, most (81%, p=0.0006) were male. Co-infection was more frequent (87.8%) among patients over 40 years of age and those with lower educational levels (less than eight years of schooling). Forty-one percent of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; HIV/TB co-infection; Risk factors; AIDS.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702008000400005

Risk factors for poor immune response to influenza vaccination in elderly people
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Bellei,N.C.J.; Carraro,E.; Castelo,A.; Granato,C.F.H.
Influenza vaccination of elderly people is efficacious and cost effective for the prevention of influenza and its complications. Some studies have pointed out low immunogenicity in this group. Health status has been poorly investigated as a risk factor that may influence the immune response to influenza vaccine. We established an immunization response study of a highly-matched elderly population in a nursing home. One-hundred-twenty subjects of Ashkenazian origin had their vaccine-induced antibody response assessed. Good response was obtained in 30.8% (37/120), and 31.7% (38/120) did not react. A lack of good response was found to be associated with dementia (P=0.016) in a multivariate analysis. In addition to dementia, malnutrition was frequently observed...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Influenza; Vaccination; Immune response; Risk factors; Dementia.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702006000400011

Assessment of sexual risk behaviors and perception of vulnerability to sexually transmitted diseases/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in women, 1999-2012: a population based survey in a medium-sized Brazilian city
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Mesenburg,Marilia Arndt; Muniz,Ludmila Correa; Silveira,Mariângela Freitas.
Sexual behavior is a key factor for susceptibility to sexually transmitted diseases. An evaluation of the sexual behavior of women at reproductive age was conducted in 1999. A replication of this study aims to evaluate the current situation and identify changes in sexual behavior, 13 years later. This is a population-based cross-sectional study, conducted with 1071 women in Pelotas, Brazil. Compared to the 1999 study, a 14% increase in early sexual debut and an 8% decrease in the non-use of condoms were observed in 2012. The proportion of women who reported anal sex doubled between these periods. There was no trend of increase or decrease in the prevalence of behaviors with distinct patterns being observed for each of them. Reduction of non-use of condoms...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Sexually transmitted diseases; Behavior; Risk factors; Women.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702014000400414

Syphilis and HIV-1 among parturient women in Salvador, Brazil: low prevalence of syphilis and high rate of loss to follow-up in HIV-infected women
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Nóbrega,Isabella; Dantas,Paula; Rocha,Priscila; Rios,Isabela; Abraão,Marcos; M. Netto,Eduardo; Brites,Carlos.
BACKGROUND: The occurrence of syphilis and HIV-1 infections during pregnancy are major risks to the fetus due to mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). OBJECTIVES: To determine peripartum seroprevalence and risk factors of syphilis and HIV-1 infection among pregnant women in Salvador, Brazil, and the rate of HIV-1 MTCT. METHODS:Cross-sectional study of pregnant women who were admitted for delivery in a reference maternity hospital between May 2008 and March 2009 was conducted. Women were screened for HIV-1 infection and syphilis, and interviewed regarding demographic, behavioral and obstetric data. Newborns to HIV-infected mothers were tested by b-DNA and DNA-PCR to detect HIV-1. RESULTS: A total 3300/8516 women were evaluated. Mean age was 25.8 ± 7.3 years....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Human immunodeficiency virus; Syphilis; Seroprevalence; Risk factors; Parturient; Pregnant; Mother-to-child transmission; Brazil.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702013000200012

Epidemiological aspects of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in older Brazilians: a comparative approach
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Carvalho,Luiz Max Fagundes de; Câmara,Fernando Portela.
OBJECTIVES: To compare epidemiological aspects of young (15 to 49 years old) and older (more than 50 years old) AIDS patients. METHODS: We analyzed 511,633 AIDS cases notified to the Brazilian Ministry of Health in the period of 1980-2008 looking at sex, age ranges, educational level and exposure category. Patients were divided into three age groups: under 15, from 15 to 49 and over 50 years old. Using a comparative approach, we analyzed data with regard to category of exposure, education (expressed in years of schooling), and sex ratio among younger (15-49) and older adults (over 50 years old). Time series data were log-transformed and normalized, and the temporal trend was evaluated. RESULTS: AIDS incidence is increasing among people over 50 years old in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Acquired immunodeficiency; Syndrome; Health of the elderly; Statistical analysis; Epidemiology; Risk factors.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702012000100006

Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Helicobacter pylori infection in blood donors in Salvador, Northeast-Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Lyra,Andre C.; Santana,Genoile; Santana,Nelma; Silvany-Neto,Anibal; Magalhães,Emilia; Pereira,Eduardo M.; Mascarenhas,Ramiro; Lyra,Marcos C.; Veiga,Andrea; Ferreira,Karina; Zaterka,Schilioma; Lyra,Luiz G.
Helicobacter pylori plays an important role in the etiology of peptic ulcer disease. Its prevalence appears to be higher in developing countries. We evaluated the seroprevalence of H. pylori and risk factors associated with infection in voluntary blood donors who attended the main blood center of the city of Salvador, Brazil. The subjects responded to an epidemiological questionnaire, with information about sex, age, race, lifestyle, social-economic level indicators, and residence and hygiene conditions. Anti-H. pylori antibody was determined by ELISA (Cobas Core, Roche). Three hundred and seven subjects were included in the study. Anti-H. pylori antibody results were indeterminate in 33 individuals (10.8%), who were excluded from analysis. Among the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: H. pylori; Seroprevalence; Risk factors; Brazil.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702003000500009

Factors associated with bacteremia due to multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Garnica,M.; Maiolino,A.; Nucci,M.
The epidemiology of bacteremia developing during neutropenia has changed in the past decade, with the re-emergence of Gram-negative (GN) bacteria and the development of multidrug resistance (MDR) among GN bacteria. We conducted a case-control study in order to identify factors associated with bacteremia due to multidrug-resistant Gram-negative (MDRGN) isolates in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Ten patients with MDRGN bacteremia were compared with 44 patients with GN bacteremia without MDR. Bacteremia due to Burkholderia or Stenotrophomonas sp was excluded from analysis (3 cases), because the possibility of intrinsical resistance. Infection due to MDRGN bacteria occurred in 2.9% of 342 hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Hematopoietic stem cell transplant; Neutropenia; Gram-negative bacteria; Antibiotic resistance; Risk factors.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2009000300010

Neurodevelopmental risk factors in schizophrenia
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Lobato,M.I.; Belmonte-de-Abreu,P.; Knijnik,D.; Teruchkin,B.; Ghisolfi,E.; Henriques,A.
The authors review environmental and neurodevelopmental risk factors for schizophrenic disorders, with emphasis on minor physical anomalies, particularly craniofacial anomalies and dermatoglyphic variations. The high prevalence of these anomalies among schizophrenic subjects supports the neurodevelopmental theory of the etiology of schizophrenia, since they suggest either genetically or epigenetically controlled faulty embryonic development of structures of ectodermal origin like brain and skin. This may disturb neurodevelopment that in turn may cause these subjects to be at increased risk for the development of schizophrenia and related disorders. The precise confirmation of this theory, at least in some cases, will provide further understanding of these...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Schizophrenia; Neurodevelopmental disorder; Risk factors.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2001000200002

[RETRACTED ARTICLE] Risk factors for early-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Cui,J.B.; Chen,Q.Q.; Liu,T.T.; Li,S.J.
This study aimed to investigate the risk factors related to ventilator-acquired pneumonia (VAP) in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) patients. From January 2011 to December 2015, a single-center retrospective study including 200 SAH patients requiring mechanical ventilation (MV) ≥48 h was performed. The clinical data of these patients were collected and analyzed. The age range of the patients were 41–63 and 72 (36%) were male. The Glasgow coma scale score range was 5–15 and the Simplified Acute Physiology Score II range was 31–52. One hundred and forty-eight (74%) patients had a World Federation of Neurosurgeons (WNFS) score ≥III. Aneurysm was secured with an endovascular coiling procedure in 168 (84%) patients and 94 (47%) patients presented VAP....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ventilator-acquired pneumonia; Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage; Risk factors; Multivariate analysis; Pathogen.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2018000700605

Risk factors for glucose intolerance in active acromegaly
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Kreze,A.; Kreze-Spirova,E.; Mikulecky,M.
In the present retrospective study we determined the frequency of glucose intolerance in active untreated acromegaly, and searched for risk factors possibly supporting the emergence of the diabetic condition. Among 43 patients, 8 (19%; 95% CI: 8-33%) had diabetes mellitus and 2 (5%; 1-16%) impaired glucose tolerance. No impaired fasting glycemia was demonstrable. The frequency of diabetes was on average 4.5 times higher than in the general Slovak population. Ten factors suspected to support progression to glucose intolerance were studied by comparing the frequency of glucose intolerance between patients with present and absent risk factors. A family history of diabetes and arterial hypertension proved to have a significant promoting effect (P&lt;0.05,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Acromegaly; Diabetes mellitus; Impaired glucose tolerance; Impaired fasting glycemia; Risk factors; Inferential statistics.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2001001100009

Why are the rates of cesarean section in Brazil higher in more developed cities than in less developed ones?
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Ribeiro,V.S.; Figueiredo,F.P.; Silva,A.A.M.; Bettiol,H.; Batista,R.F.L.; Coimbra,L.C.; Lamy,Z.C.; Barbieri,M.A.
The objective of the present study was to investigate factors associated with cesarean sections in two cities located in different regions of Brazil and to determine factors that explain the higher cesarean section rate in the more developed city, Ribeirão Preto, compared to the less developed one, São Luís. Data from two cohort studies comprising 2846 women in Ribeirão Preto in 1994, and 2443 women in São Luís in 1997/1998 were used. Adjusted and non-adjusted risk estimates were calculated using a Poisson regression model. The cesarean section rate was 33.7% in São Luís and 50.8% in Ribeirão Preto. Adjusted analysis in a joint sequential model revealed a 51% higher risk of cesarean section in Ribeirão Preto compared to São Luís (prevalence rate ratio...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cesarean section; Epidemiology; Obstetrics; Health services; Risk factors.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2007000900008

Epidemiology of recurrent venous thrombosis
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Ribeiro,D.D.; Lijfering,W.M.; Barreto,S.M.; Rosendaal,F.R.; Rezende,S.M.
Venous thrombosis, including deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, is a common disease that frequently recurs. Recurrence can be prevented by anticoagulants, but this comes at the risk of bleeding. Therefore, assessment of the risk of recurrence is important to balance the risks and benefits of anticoagulant treatment. This review briefly outlines what is currently known about the epidemiology of recurrent venous thrombosis, and focuses in more detail on potential new risk factors for venous recurrence. The general implications of these findings in patient management are discussed.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Recurrent venous thrombosis; Epidemiology; Risk factors.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2012000100001

Factors associated with penicillin-nonsusceptible pneumococcal infections in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Levin,A.S.; Sessegolo,J.F.; Teixeira,L.M.; Barone,A.A.
Resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae is a worldwide, growing problem. Studies of factors associated with resistance to penicillin have not been conducted in Brazil. The objective of the present study was to evaluate factors associated with infection by S. pneumoniae not susceptible to penicillin. A prevalence study was conducted including all patients with a positive culture for S. pneumoniae in a hospital from July 1991 to December 1992 and the year 1994. Of 165 patients identified, 139 were considered to have clinically relevant infections and 88% of them had invasive infections. All infections were community acquired and consisted of pneumonia (44%) and of central nervous system (19%), pelvic or abdominal (12%), upper airway or ocular (12%), primary...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Streptococcus pneumoniae; Penicillin susceptibility; Risk factors; Prevalence study.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2003000600017

Lack of a relationship between serum ferritin levels and coronary atherosclerosis evaluated by coronary arteriography
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Manfroi,W.C.; Zago,A.J.; Cruz,R.; Oliveira,J.; Kirschnick,L.S.; Ordovás,K.; Candiago,R.H.; Souza,J.; Ribeiro,L.W.; Leitão,C.; Brizolara,M.L.
Many clinical and epidemiological studies have demonstrated the relationship between serum ferritin and ischemic heart disease. In the present study we evaluated the relationship between coronary heart disease (CHD) and serum ferritin levels in patients submitted to coronary arteriography. We evaluated 307 patients (210 (68.7%) males; median age: 60 years) who were submitted to coronary angiography, measurement of serum ferritin and identification of clinical events of ischemic heart disease. Serum ferritin is reported as quartiles. Ninety-six patients (31.27%) had normal coronary angiography (group 1) and 211 (68.73%) had coronary heart disease (group 2). Of the patients with CHD, 61 (28.9%) had serum ferritin levels higher than 194 ng/ml (4th quartile),...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ferritin; Coronary heart disease; Atherosclerosis; Risk factors; Coronary arteriography.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1999000300009

Risk factors for ovarian failure in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Medeiros,M.M.C.; Silveira,V.A.L.; Menezes,A.P.T.; Carvalho,R.C.
The aim of the present study was to identify the risk factors for ovarian failure in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Seventy-one women aged 17 to 45 years with systemic lupus erythematosus were studied. Patients were interviewed and their medical records reviewed. Demographic characteristics, clinical and serologic profiles, and menstrual and obstetric histories were recorded. Disease activity was measured by the systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index. Serum FSH, LH, estradiol, progesterone, TSH, prolactin, and antimicrosomal and antithyroglobulin antibodies were measured. Patients who developed ovarian failure were compared to those who did not. Ovarian failure occurred in 11 patients (15.5%) and nine had premature menopause...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ovarian failure; Systemic lupus erythematosus; Risk factors; Cyclophosphamide; Premature menopause.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2001001200008

Glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies are indicators of the course, but not of the onset, of diabetes in middle-aged adults: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Vigo,A.; Duncan,B.B.; Schmidt,M.I.; Couper,D.; Heiss,G.; Pankow,J.S.; Ballantyne,C.M.
To efficiently examine the association of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GADA) positivity with the onset and progression of diabetes in middle-aged adults, we performed a case-cohort study representing the ~9-year experience of 10,275 Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study participants, initially aged 45-64 years. Antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) were measured by radioimmunoassay in 580 incident diabetes cases and 544 non-cases. The overall weighted prevalence of GADA positivity (³1 U/mL) was 7.3%. Baseline risk factors, with the exception of smoking and interleukin-6 (P £ 0.02), were generally similar between GADA-positive and -negative individuals. GADA positivity did not predict incident diabetes in multiply adjusted (HR =...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Diabetes mellitus; Glutamic acid decarboxylase; Auto-immune diseases; Inflammation; Risk factors.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2007000700007

Bone mineral density in young women of the city of São Paulo, Brazil: correlation with both collagen type I alpha 1 gene polymorphism and clinical aspects
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Barros,E.R.; Kasamatsu,T.S.; Ramalho,A.C.; Hauache,O.M.; Vieira,J.G.H.; Lazaretti-Castro,M.
Osteoporosis is a multifactorial disease with great impact on morbidity and mortality mainly in postmenopausal women. Although it is recognized that factors related to life-style and habits may influence bone mass formation leading to greater or lower bone mass, more than 85% of the variation in bone mineral density (BMD) is genetically determined. The collagen type I alpha 1 (COLIA1) gene is a possible risk factor for osteoporosis. We studied a population of 220 young women from the city of São Paulo, Brazil, with respect to BMD and its correlation with both COLIA1 genotype and clinical aspects. The distribution of COLIA1 genotype SS, Ss and ss in the population studied was 73.6, 24.1 and 2.3%, respectively. No association between these genotypes and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: COLIA1; Bone mineral density; Risk factors; Polymorphism; Osteoporosis.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2002000800005

Prevalence of retinopathy in Caucasian type 2 diabetic patients from the South of Brazil and relationship with clinical and metabolic factors
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Santos,K.G.; Tschiedel,B.; Schneider,J.R.; Souto,K.E.P.; Roisenberg,I.
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a sight-threatening chronic complication of diabetes mellitus and is the leading cause of acquired blindness in adults. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the prevalence of and the factors associated with DR in an analysis of 210 consecutive and unrelated Brazilian Caucasians with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Retinopathy was evaluated by ophthalmoscopy and/or biomicroscopy through dilated pupils. The relationship between clinical and metabolic variables and the presence of DR was assessed by logistic regression analysis. DR was detected in 99 of the 210 patients (47%). In the univariate logistic regression analyses, male sex, duration of diabetes, body mass index, glycated hemoglobin, C-peptide, LDL cholesterol,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Diabetic retinopathy; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Risk factors; Caucasian subjects.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2005000200010

Different methods of calculating ankle-brachial index in mid-elderly men and women: the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil)
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Miname,M.; Bensenor,I.M.; Lotufo,P.A.
The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis related to health-adverse outcomes. ABI is inexpensive compared to other indexes, such as coronary calcium score and determination of carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT). Our objective was to identify how the ABI can be applied to primary care. Three different methods of calculating the ABI were compared among 13,921 men and women aged 35 to 74 years who were free of cardiovascular diseases and enrolled in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). The ABI ratio had the same denominator for the three categories created (the highest value for arm systolic blood pressure), and the numerator was based on the four readings for leg systolic blood pressure: the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Peripheral artery disease; Risk factors; Atherosclerosis; Cardiovascular risk; Primary care.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2016001200701

Incidence, risk factors and prognostic factors of acute renal failure in patients admitted to an intensive care unit
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Mataloun,S.E.; Machado,F.R.; Senna,A.P.R.; Guimarães,H.P.; Amaral,J.L.G.
The objective of the present study was to assess the incidence, risk factors and outcome of patients who develop acute renal failure (ARF) in intensive care units. In this prospective observational study, 221 patients with a 48-h minimum stay, 18-year-old minimum age and absence of overt acute or chronic renal failure were included. Exclusion criteria were organ donors and renal transplantation patients. ARF was defined as a creatinine level above 1.5 mg/dL. Statistics were performed using Pearsons' chi2 test, Student t-test, and Wilcoxon test. Multivariate analysis was run using all variables with P &lt; 0.1 in the univariate analysis. ARF developed in 19.0% of the patients, with 76.19% resulting in death. Main risk factors (univariate analysis) were:...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Acute renal failure; Risk factors; Prognostic factors; Intensive care unit; Mortality.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2006001000010

High plasma concentrations of asymmetric dimethylarginine inhibit ischemic cardioprotection in hypercholesterolemic rats
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Landim,M.B.P.; Dourado,P.M.M.; Casella-Filho,A.; Chagas,A.C.P.; da-Luz,P.L.
A low concentration of nitric oxide associated with a high concentration of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) can explain the lack of ischemic cardioprotection observed in the presence of hypercholesterolemia. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of hypercholesterolemia on ischemic pre- and postconditioning and its correlation with plasma concentrations of ADMA. Male Wistar rats (6-8 weeks old) fed a 2% cholesterol diet (n = 21) for 8 weeks were compared to controls (n = 25) and were subjected to experimental myocardial infarction and reperfusion, with ischemic pre- and postconditioning. Total cholesterol and ADMA were measured in plasma before the experimental infarct and the infarct area was quantified. Weight, total cholesterol...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Hypercholesterolemia; Cardiotonics; Nitric oxide; Risk factors; Asymmetric dimethylarginine.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2013000500454

Do socioeconomic factors explain why maternal smoking during pregnancy is more frequent in a more developed city of Brazil?
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Ribeiro,V.S.; Figueiredo,F.P.; Silva,A.A.M.; Batista,R.L.F.; Barbieri,M.A.; Lamy Filho,F.; Alves,M.T.S.S.B.; Santos,A.M.; Bettiol,H.
The prevalence of smoking during pregnancy in Ribeirão Preto, a rich Brazilian city, was significantly higher (21.4%) than in São Luís (5.9%), a less developed city. To assess which variables explain the difference in prevalence of smoking during pregnancy, data from two birth cohorts were used, including 2846 puerperae from Ribeirão Preto, in 1994, and 2443 puerperae from São Luís, in 1997/98. In multivariable analysis, risk of maternal smoking during pregnancy was higher in São Luís for mothers living in a household with five or more persons (OR = 1.72, 95%CI = 1.12-2.64), aged 35 years or older (OR = 1.98, 95%CI = 0.99-3.96), who had five or more children (OR = 2.10, 95%CI = 1.16-3.81), and whose companion smoked (OR = 2.20, 95%CI = 1.52-3.18). Age of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Smoking; Pregnancy; Risk factors; Perinatal complications; Placenta previa.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2007000900007

Exaggerated blood pressure response during the exercise treadmill test as a risk factor for hypertension
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Lima,S.G.; Albuquerque,M.F.P.M.; Oliveira,J.R.M.; Ayres,C.F.J.; Cunha,J.E.G.; Oliveira,D.F.; Lemos,R.R.; Souza,M.B.R.; Silva,O. Barbosa e.
Exaggerated blood pressure response (EBPR) during the exercise treadmill test (ETT) has been considered to be a risk factor for hypertension. The relationship of polymorphisms of the renin-angiotensin system gene with hypertension has not been established. Our objective was to evaluate whether EBPR during exercise is a clinical marker for hypertension. The study concerned a historical cohort of normotensive individuals. The exposed individuals were those who presented EBPR. At the end of the observation period (41.7 months = 3.5 years), the development of hypertension was analyzed within the two groups. Genetic polymorphisms and blood pressure behavior were assessed as independent variables, together with the classical risk factors for hypertension. The...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Hypertension; Risk factors; Exaggerated blood pressure response.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2013000400368

Association of MDR1 gene polymorphisms with the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in the Chinese Han population
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Gao,Jian.
The multidrug resistance 1 gene (MDR1) is an important candidate gene for influencing susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The objective of the present study was to evaluate the association ofMDR1 polymorphisms with the risk of HCC in the Chinese Han population. A total of 353 HCC patients and 335 healthy subjects were enrolled in the study. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), created restriction site-PCR (CRS-PCR) and DNA sequencing methods were used to identify MDR1 gene polymorphisms. Two allelic variants (c.335T&gt;C and c.3073A&gt;C) were detected. The CC genotype of the c.335T&gt;C polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of developing HCC compared to the TT genotype (OR = 2.161, 95%CI...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Hepatocellular carcinoma; Multidrug resistance 1 gene; Single nucleotide polymorphisms; Susceptibility; Risk factors.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2013000300311

Dialysis, time and death: comparisons of two consecutive decades among patients treated at the same Brazilian dialysis center
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: De-Lima,J.J.G.; da-Fonseca,J.A.; Godoy,A.D.
The survival of hemodialysis patients is likely to be influenced not only by well-known risk factors like age and comorbidity, but also by changes in dialysis technology and practices accumulated along time. We compared the survival curves, dialysis routines and some risk factors of two groups of patients admitted to a Brazilian maintenance hemodialysis program during two consecutive decades: March 1977 to December 1986 (group 1, N = 162) and January 1987 to June 1997 (group 2, N = 237). The median treatment time was 22 months (range 1-198). Survival curves were constructed using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank method. The Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to investigate the more important variables associated with...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chronic renal failure; Hemodialysis; Kaplan-Meier survival curves; Risk factors.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1999000300007

Social inequality and perinatal health: comparison of three Brazilian cohorts
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Lamy Filho,F.; Assunção Júnior,A.N.; Silva,A.A.M.; Lamy,Z.C.; Barbieri,M.A.; Bettiol,H.
The objective of the present study was to estimate and compare social inequality in terms of three indicators, i.e., low birth weight (LBW), preterm birth (PTB) and small for gestational age (SGA) birth, in three birth cohorts. Two cohorts were from the city of Ribeirão Preto, where data were collected for all 6748 live born singletons in 1978/79 and for one third of live born singletons (2846) in 1994. The third cohort consisted of 2443 singletons born in São Luís over a period of one year (1997/98). In Ribeirão Preto, LBW and PTB rates increased in all social strata from 1978/79 to 1994. Social inequalities regarding LBW and PTB disappeared since the increase in these rates was more accelerated in the groups with higher educational level. The percentage...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Low birth weight; Preterm birth; Small for gestational age birth; Socioeconomic factors; Risk factors.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2007000900004

Role of a GenoType MTBDRplus line probe assay in early detection of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis at a Brazilian reference center
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Feliciano,C.S.; Nascimento,M.M.P.; Anselmo,L.M.P.; Pocente,R.H.C.; Bellissimo-Rodrigues,F.; Bollela,V.R.
Resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a reality worldwide, and its diagnosis continues to be difficult and time consuming. To face this challenge, the World Health Organization has recommended the use of rapid molecular tests. We evaluated the routine use (once a week) of a line probe assay (Genotype MTBDRplus) for early diagnosis of resistance and for assessment of the main related risk factors over 2 years. A total of 170 samples were tested: 15 (8.8%) were resistant, and multidrug resistance was detected in 10 (5.9%). The sensitivity profile took 3 weeks (2 weeks for culture and 1 week for rapid testing). Previous treatment for tuberculosis and the persistence of positive acid-fast smears after 4 months of supervised treatment were the major risk...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis; Molecular diagnostic techniques; Risk factors.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2015000800759

Healthcare-associated vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecium infections in the Mansoura University Hospitals intensive care units, Egypt
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Moemen,Dalia; Tawfeek,Doaa; Badawy,Wafaa.
Vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREF) ia an emerging and challenging nosocomial pathogen. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, risk factors and clonal relationships between different VREF isolates in the intensive care units (ICUs) of the university hospitals in our geographic location. This prospective study was conducted from July, 2012 until September, 2013 on 781 patients who were admitted to the ICUs of the Mansoura University Hospitals (MUHs), and fulfilled the healthcare-associated infection (HAI) criteria. Susceptibility testing was determined using the disk diffusion method. The clonal relationships were evaluated with pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Out of 52 E. faecium isolates, 12 (23.1%) were vancomycin resistant....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Enterococcus faecium; ICU; Vancomycin; Risk factors; PFGE.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822015000300777

Human papillomavirus infection in women attended at a cervical cancer screening service in Natal, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Fernandes,Thales Allyrio Araújo de Medeiros; Meissner,Rosely de Vasconcellos; Bezerra,Laelson Freire; Azevedo,Paulo Roberto Medeiros de; Fernandes,José Veríssimo.
We analyzed cervical specimens of 202 women, aged 15 to 64 years, attended at Luis Antonio Hospital, Natal, Brazil, to determine the prevalence of HPV and identify the more frequent genotypes and risk factors for HPV infection in women attended at a cervical cancer screening service. Two specimens were collected from each patient: one for cytological examination and the other to detect HPV DNA by PCR, and typing by dot blot hybridization. A total of 54.5% of the sample had normal cytology and 45.5% had cytological alterations. HPV was detected in 24.5% of the cytologically normal women and in 59.8% of those with altered cytology. Both single and double HPV infection increased the likelihood of cytological alterations. Thirteen types of HPV were identified,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Human papillomavirus; Cervical cancer; Epidemiology; Prevalence; Risk factors.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822008000300031

Brucella canis infection in dogs attended in veterinary clinics from patos, Paraíba state, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Fernandes,Annielle Regina Fonseca; Azevedo,Sérgio Santos de; Piatti,Rosa Maria; Pinheiro,Eliana Scarcelli; Genovez,Margareth Élide; Azevedo,Adílio Santos de; Batista,Carolina de Sousa Américo; Alves,Clebert José.
To determine the frequency of anti-Brucella canis antibodies in dogs attended in veterinary clinics from Patos, Paraíba State, Brazil, as well as to identify risk factors and to isolate and identify the agent, 193 dogs were used. Agar gel immunodiffusion test (AGID) was used to detect B. canis antibodies in sera. Isolation of B. canis was carried out in blood and bone marrow from seropositive animals. Six animals tested seropositive in AGID, resulting in a frequency of 3.11%. B. canis was isolated from bone marrow of one seropositive animal, with confirmation by PCR. Lack of cleaning of the dog's environment was identified as risk factor (odds ratio = 7.91). This is the first report of isolation of B. canis in dogs from the Northeast region of Brazil.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bacterial diseases; Canine brucellosis; Prevalence; Risk factors; Microbiological culture.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822011000400023

Analysis of risk factors and clinical manifestations associated with Clostridium difficile disease in Serbian hospitalized patients
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Predrag,Stojanović.
Abstract Clostridium difficile is the leading cause of infectious diarrhoea in hospitalized patients. The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors important for the development of hospital-acquired Clostridium difficile-associated disease and clinical manifestations of Clostridium difficile-associated disease. The clinical trial group included 37 hospitalized patients who were selected according to the inclusion criteria. A control group of 74 hospitalized patients was individually matched with cases based on hospital, age (within 4 years), sex and month of admission.Clostridium difficile-associated disease most commonly manifested as diarrhoea (56.76%) and colitis (32%), while in 8.11% of patients, it was diagnosed as pseudomembranous colitis,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Clostridium difficile; Hospital-acquired diarrhoea; Risk factors; Serbia.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822016000400902

Socioeconomic and technical assistance factors related to total bacteria count and somatic cell count of milk from bulk tanks in southern Minas Gerais State, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Paixão,Marcel Gomes; Souza,Guilherme Nunes de; Lopes,Marcos Aurélio; Costa,Geraldo Márcio da; Abreu,Luiz Ronaldo de; Pinto,Sandra Maria.
The purpose of this survey was to evaluate the socioeconomic and technical assistance profiles of dairy farmers from six districts in the south of Minas Gerais state, Brazil, and to identify the possible risk factors associated with total milk bacteria count (TBC) above 43,000 CFU mL-1 and bulk milk somatic cell count (BMSCC) above 595,000 cells mL-1. Most of the producers were between 41 and 60 years of age (48.9%), 74.2% did not reach high school, and 72.3% of the respondents were satisfied with their profession, although 63% would not recommend dairy farming to their children. Only 34.7% used periodic technical assistance, but 59.1% consulted it in cases of doubt. The risk factors found in the final multivariable regression models were: TBC (Did not...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cultural level; Livestock; Risk factors; Milk quality.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782015000701241

Occurrence of feline immunodeficiency virus infection in cats
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Lara,Valéria Maria; Taniwaki,Sueli Akemi; Araújo Júnior,João Pessoa.
The occurrence of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) in Brazil has been previously described. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of FIV infection in 454 blood samples from healthy and sick domestic cats from 13 cities of São Paulo State, Brazil as well as to evaluate the risk factors associated with the infection. The results showed that 14.7% (67/454) of the cats were infected with FIV. The clinical evaluation showed that 29.2% of the FIV-positive animals were sick, while 7.3% did not show any type of clinical manifestation. In addition, the vast majority (23.1%) of positive cases corresponded to free-roaming owned cats. The incidence of FIV infection was higher in males (20.3%) than in females (9.7%). The results suggest that certain...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Feline immunodeficiency virus; Epidemiology; Cats; FIV; Risk factors.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782008000800024

High frequency of visceral leishmaniasis in dogs under veterinary clinical care in an intense transmission area in the state of Tocantins, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Santos,Helcileia Dias; Galvão,Samara Rocha; Dias,Francisca Elda Ferreira; Ribeiro,Taiã Mairon Peixoto; Negreiros Filho,Osmar; Sousa,Sebastiana Adriana Pereira; Minharro,Silvia.
ABSTRACT: A direct search for parasites were used as the diagnostic test to determine the frequency of  Leishmania spp. infection in dogs ( Canis lupus familiaris ) under veterinary clinical care in the city of Araguaína, Tocantins, Brazil. For this approach, lymph node cell samples were collected using needle aspiration from 649 dogs of different breeds and ages. Two hundred and sixty four (40.7%) dogs tested positive for amastigote forms of  Leishmania spp. Furthermore, 202 (76.5%) dogs that tested positive showed some clinical sign of disease, while 62 (28.4%) dogs were asymptomatic. Dogs &lt;2 years old or those that lived alongside poultry species in peri-domicile areas had a greater chance of infection (P&lt;0.05). Our results revealed the importance...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Visceral leishmaniasis; Cytodiagnosis; Risk factors; Prevention and control.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782017000300501