Consulta: subjectFacets:"Salt stress"
Registros recuperados: 80
Data/hora: 12/06/2024 11:43:07

Tolerancia a salinidad de Persea americana Mill en cultivo in vitro.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Ramírez Guerrero, Leobarda Guadalupe.
El objetivo de la investigación fue conocer los efectos de salinidad en el desarrollo y anatomía de embriones maduros de dos tipos de aguacate cultivados in vitro e identificar alguna fuente de tolerancia al estrés salino. El trabajo consistió en: I) Establecimiento in vitro; II) Evaluación del desarrollo y sobrevivencia in vitro; III) Evaluación de parámetros de tolerancia a salinidad en aguacate en cultivo in vitro; IV) Cambios anatómicos en la raíz inducidos por salinidad. Se sembraron in vitro ejes embrionarios de aguacate tipo criollo y ‘Hass’ en medio Murashige y Skoog (1962) con diferentes concentraciones de NaCl y CaCl2 y con la combinación de éstas, en proporción 1:1; se estudió la germinación, emergencia, el desarrollo y la supervivencia de las...
Palavras-chave: Ejes embrionarios; Aguacate; Estrés salino; Portainjertos; Resistencia a salinidad; Relaciones hídricas; Anatomía de raíz; Embryonic axes; Avocado; Salt stress; Rootstocks; Salinity resistance; Water relations; Anatomy of roots; Doctorado; Fruticultura.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/232

Tolerancia a salinidad de Persea americana Mill en cultivo in vitro.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Ramírez Guerrero, Leobarda Guadalupe.
El objetivo de la investigación fue conocer los efectos de salinidad en el desarrollo y anatomía de embriones maduros de dos tipos de aguacate cultivados in vitro e identificar alguna fuente de tolerancia al estrés salino. El trabajo consistió en: I) Establecimiento in vitro; II) Evaluación del desarrollo y sobrevivencia in vitro; III) Evaluación de parámetros de tolerancia a salinidad en aguacate en cultivo in vitro; IV) Cambios anatómicos en la raíz inducidos por salinidad. Se sembraron in vitro ejes embrionarios de aguacate tipo criollo y ‘Hass’ en medio Murashige y Skoog (1962) con diferentes concentraciones de NaCl y CaCl2 y con la combinación de éstas, en proporción 1:1; se estudió la germinación, emergencia, el desarrollo y la supervivencia de las...
Palavras-chave: Ejes embrionarios; Aguacate; Estrés salino; Portainjertos; Resistencia a salinidad; Relaciones hídricas; Anatomía de raíz; Embryonic axes; Avocado; Salt stress; Rootstocks; Salinity resistance; Water relations; Anatomy of roots; Doctorado; Fruticultura.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/232

Injertos de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum) tolerantes a la salinidad.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Tlatilpa Santamaría, Ibar Felipe.
La selección de cultivares tolerantes a salinidad es uno de los métodos más efectivos para incrementar la productividad en suelos salinos. El injerto sobre patrones tolerantes a la salinidad es un método eficaz para aumentar la tolerancia de las plantas al estrés salino. Los objetivos del presente estudio fueron, es seleccionar y caracterizar accesiones de tomate silvestre con base en la respuesta de la plántula a la salinidad, y determinar la magnitud de la variabilidad fenotípica de la tolerancia con base en índices de tolerancia al estrés salino; evaluar en injertos de tomate los mecanismos de tolerancia al sodio y su influencia en la concentración de nutrimentos en el tejido vegetal del injerto; y determinar los cambios morfológicos, fisiológicos y de...
Palavras-chave: Solanum lycopersicum; Indice de tolerancia al estrés; Estrés salino; Concentración mineral en hojas; Prolina; Stress tolerance index; Salt stress; Mineral concentration in leaves; Proline; Edafología; Doctorado.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1944

Utilization of genes encoding osmoprotectants in transgenic plants for enhanced abiotic stress tolerance
Provedor de dados: 69
Autores: Khan,Mohammad Sayyar; Ahmad,Dawood; Khan,Muhammad Adil.
Global agriculture in the context of growing and expanding populations is under huge pressure to provide increased food, feed, and fiber. The recent phenomenon of climate change has further added fuel to the fire. It has been practically established now that the global temperature has been on the increase with associated fluctuations in annual rainfall regimes, and the resultant drought and flood events and increasing soil and water salinization. These challenges would be met with the introduction and utilization of new technologies coupled with conventional approaches. In recent years, transgenic technology has been proved very effective in terms of production of improved varieties of crop plants, resistant to biotic stresses. The abiotic stresses such as...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Osmoprotectants; Salt stress; Tolerance; Transgenic plants.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582015000400001

Soil salinization and maize and cowpea yield in the crop rotation system using saline waters
Provedor de dados: 70
Autores: Lacerda,Claudivan F.; Sousa,Geocleber G.; Silva,Francisco L. B.; Guimarães,Francisco V. A.; Silva,Giovana L.; Cavalcante,Lourival F.
The use of saline water and the reuse of drainage water for irrigation depend on long-term strategies that ensure the sustainability of socio-economic and environmental impacts of agricultural systems. In this study, it was evaluated the effects of irrigation with saline water in the dry season and fresh water in the rainy season on the soil salt accumulation yield of maize and cowpea, in a crop rotation system. The experiment was conducted in the field, using a randomized complete block design, with five replications. The first crop was installed during the dry season of 2007, with maize irrigated with water of different salinities (0.8, 2.2, 3.6 and 5.0 dS m-1). The maize plants were harvested at 90 days after sowing (DAS), and vegetative growth, dry...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Zea mays; Irrigation; Vigna unguiculata; Salt stress.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162011000400005

FUZZY MODELING OF THE EFFECTS OF IRRIGATION AND WATER SALINITY IN HARVEST POINT OF TOMATO CROP. PART I: DESCRIPTION OF THE METHOD
Provedor de dados: 70
Autores: Viais Neto,Daniel dos S.; Cremasco,Camila P.; Bordin,Deyver; Putti,Fernando F.; Silva Junior,Josué F.; Gabriel Filho,Luís R. A.
ABSTRACT It was used statistical techniques for the evaluation of agricultural experiments, but there are mathematical theories that allow finer adjustments, highlighting among them, the fuzzy logic. The objective of the study was characterizing a method of fuzzy modeling from an agronomic experiment. For this study it was used data from an experiment conducted at the School of Agriculture of São Paulo State University (UNESP) in Botucatu-SP. The system input variables based in fuzzy rules were soil water tension and doses of water salinity, being defined three fuzzy sets. The output variables was elected from the biometric and productivity analysis that showed statistically significant differences, namely, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, green...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Fuzzy logic; Drought; Salt stress; Crop management.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162019000300294

FUZZY MODELING OF THE EFFECTS OF IRRIGATION AND WATER SALINITY IN HARVEST POINT OF TOMATO CROP. PART II: APPLICATION AND INTERPRETATION
Provedor de dados: 70
Autores: Viais Neto,Daniel dos S.; Cremasco,Camila P.; Bordin,Deyver; Putti,Fernando F.; Silva Junior,Josué F.; Gabriel Filho,Luís R. A.
ABSTRACT Tomato, the most popular greenery, is characterized by being a demanding crop in water and when in prolonged and severe drought, has limitations in its growth and reduction in productivity. In addition, this vegetable is affected by excess salinity in the water, which causes leaf wilting, apex and leaf edges burn until their death. Such effects generally are studied using statistical analysis, but there are mathematical theories that allow finer adjustments, highlighting among them, the fuzzy logic. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects on the growth and yield of hybrid tomato from different water tensions in the soil and different salinity doses in the irrigation at 120 days after sowing using fuzzy modeling. It was used data...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Fuzzy logic; Hydro potential; Drought; Salt stress.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162019000300305

Isolation and characterization of a promoter responsive to salt, osmotic and dehydration stresses in soybean
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Conforte,Alessandra Jordano; Guimarães-Dias,Fábia; Neves-Borges,Anna Cristina; Bencke-Malato,Marta; Felix-Whipps,Durvalina; Alves-Ferreira,Márcio.
Abstract Drought stress is the main limiting factor of soybean yield. Currently, genetic engineering has been one important tool in the development of drought-tolerant cultivars. A widely used strategy is the fusion of genes that confer tolerance under the control of the CaMV35S constitutive promoter; however, stress-responsive promoters would constitute the best alternative to the generation of drought-tolerant crops. We characterized the promoter of α-galactosidase soybean (GlymaGAL) gene that was previously identified as highly up-regulated by drought stress. The β-glucuronidase (GUS) activity of Arabidopsis transgenic plants bearing 1000- and 2000-bp fragments of the GlymaGAL promoter fused to the uidA gene was evaluated under air-dried, polyethylene...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Α-galactosidase gene; Salt stress; Drought-tolerant soybean; Cis-acting element; Raffinose degradation pathway.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572017000200226

Genetic and epigenetic effects of salinity on in vitro growth of barley
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Demirkiran,Aykut; Marakli,Sevgi; Temel,Aslihan; Gozukirmizi,Nermin.
Morphological, physiological and molecular changes were investigated in in vitro salt-stressed barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Tokak). Mature embryos were cultured in Murashige and Skoog medium containing 0 (control), 50 and 100 mM NaCl for 20 days. Both concentrations inhibited shoot growth, decreased fresh weight and protein content, and increased SOD (EC 1.15.1.1) activity in a dose-dependent manner. The lower concentration increased root growth. Salinity caused nucleotide variations in roots, but did not affect shoot DNAs. The higher concentration caused methylation changes, mainly hypermethylation in shoots. This is the first study on genetic and epigenetic effects of salinity in barley.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Hordeum vulgare; Salt stress; Tissue culture; RAPD; CRED-RA.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572013000400016

Salt stress affects mRNA editing in soybean chloroplasts
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Rodrigues,Nureyev F.; Fonseca,Guilherme C. da; Kulcheski,Franceli R.; Margis,Rogério.
Abstract Soybean, a crop known by its economic and nutritional importance, has been the subject of several studies that assess the impact and the effective plant responses to abiotic stresses. Salt stress is one of the main environmental stresses and negatively impacts crop growth and yield. In this work, the RNA editing process in the chloroplast of soybean plants was evaluated in response to a salt stress. Bioinformatics approach using sRNA and mRNA libraries were employed to detect specific sites showing differences in editing efficiency. RT-qPCR was used to measure editing efficiency at selected sites. We observed that transcripts of NDHA, NDHB, RPS14 and RPS16 genes presented differences in coverage and editing rates between control and salt-treated...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Small RNA; Chloroplast; RNA editing; PPR; Salt stress.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572017000200200

The role of noncoding RNAs in the response of oil palm plants to abiotic stresses.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: SALGADO, F. F.; GRYNBERG, P.; SOUZA JUNIOR, M. T.
The discovery of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) is changed our understanding of genome, transcriptome, and interactions with proteome in a cell. Since the discovery of the first microRNA (miRNA) called lin-4 on Caenorhabditis elegans in 1993, our understanding of gene expression has deepened. Further miRNA discoveries have led to the investigation of new ncRNA families and their function, biogenesis, and interactions with other types of molecules. Recent developments in bioinformatics, public databases, sequencing technologies, and biochemical techniques have increased our understanding of the biogenesis, function, and interactions of ncRNAs. This book provides an overview of current ncRNA research dealing with human diseases and cancer and plant miRNAs.
Tipo: Parte de livro
Palavras-chave: Óleo Vegetal; Oil palm products; Abiotic stress; Salt stress; Transcriptome; Oilseed crops.
Ano: 2022
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1148820

Salt Shock Responses of Microcystis Revealed through Physiological, Transcript, and Metabolomic Analyses
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Georges Des Aulnois, Maxime; Réveillon, Damien; Robert, Elise; Caruana, Amandine; Briand, Enora; Guljamow, Arthur; Dittmann, Elke; Amzil, Zouher; Bormans, Myriam.
The transfer of Microcystis aeruginosa from freshwater to estuaries has been described worldwide and salinity is reported as the main factor controlling the expansion of M. aeruginosa to coastal environments. Analyzing the expression levels of targeted genes and employing both targeted and non-targeted metabolomic approaches, this study investigated the e ect of a sudden salt increase on the physiological and metabolic responses of two toxic M. aeruginosa strains separately isolated from fresh and brackish waters, respectively, PCC 7820 and 7806. Supported by di erences in gene expressions and metabolic profiles, salt tolerance was found to be strain specific. An increase in salinity decreased the growth of M. aeruginosa with a lesser impact on the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microcystis aeruginosa; Microcystin; Salt stress; Metabolomic; Transcript.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00615/72689/71692.pdf

Crescimento e acúmulo de cátions em plantas de moringa mantidas em solos salinos
Provedor de dados: 190
Autores: Freire, Antonio Lucineudo Oliveira; Miranda, José Romilson Paes de.
Com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da salinidade no crescimento e acúmulo de massa seca e cátions em plantas jovens de moringa (Moringa oleifera), testaram-se quatro tipos de solos, nas condutividades elétricas (C.E.) 0,49 (controle), 4,15, 6,33 e 10,45 dS m-1. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. As plantas cresceram inicialmente em tubetes rígidos e, aos 30 dias após a emergência, foram transferidas para vasos contendo 10 kg de solo, de acordo com o tratamento de salinidade. A salinidade prejudica o crescimento inicial das plantas e acúmulo de cátions na parte aérea e nas raízes das plantas. Na fase inicial de crescimento, as plantas de moringa não inibem a absorção de Na e sua translocação para a...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Moringa oleifera; Estresse salino; Tolerância à salinidade Moringa oleifera; Salt stress; Salt tolerance.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://pfb.cnpf.embrapa.br/pfb/index.php/pfb/article/view/315

Vegetative development and content of calcium, potassium, and sodium in watermelon under salinity stress on organic substrates
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Silva Júnior,Eugênio Gonçalves da; Silva,Anselmo Ferreira da; Lima,Jucelino de Sousa; Silva,Maria de Fátima Caetano da; Maia,Josemir Moura.
Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the vegetative development and determine the concentration of sodium, potassium, and calcium in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) grown on two organic substrates and under increasing saline concentrations. The substrates were soil + earthworm humus (S1) and soil + bovine manure (S2), and the saline treatments consisted of irrigation water with different electrical conductivities: 1.36 (control), 3.56, 5.76, and 7.96 dS m-1. The experimental design used was a randomized complete block in a 2×4 (substrate × conductivity) factorial arrangement with five replicates. Main branch length, root length, stem diameter, leaf number, leaf area, and fresh matter mass of shoots and roots, as well as the sodium,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Citrullus lanatus; Bovine manure; Humus of earthworm; Salt stress.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2017001201149

Divergences in Hormonal and Enzymatic Antioxidant Responses of Two Chicory Ecotypes to Salt Stress1
Provedor de dados: 87
Autores: GHANAATIAN,K.; SADEGHI,H.
ABSTRACT Salinity is among the most common and severe abiotic stresses that drastically affects crop productivity all over the world. To evaluate the effect of salt stress on seed germination, early growth, antioxidant enzyme activity and ABA content of chicory ecotypes (Cichorium intybus), a factorial experiment was conducted at College of Agriculture, Shiraz University in 2014 based on completely randomized design with four replications. The treatments comprised five salinity levels (tap water, 3, 6, 9, 12 dS m-1) of sodium chloride on the ecotypes of Sefid Shiraz and Siyah Shiraz. The results showed that germination characteristics and primary seedling growth decreased in both ecotypes with increasing in salinity severity. The effects of salinity on...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Salt stress; Chicory ecotypes; Germination characteristics; Antioxidant enzyme activity.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582016000200199

Response of Caper Plant to Drought and Different Ratios of Calcium and Sodium Chloride1
Provedor de dados: 87
Autores: ROSTAMI,L.; SADEGHI,H.; HOSSEINI,S.
ABSTRACT Caper (Capparis spinosa) is used as multipurpose and adaptable plant which provides a valuable opportunity to enhance greenery in harsh climatic areas. This plant like the others is affected by drought and sodium chloride stresses as the most common abiotic stresses worldwide. This study was carried out to determine the interaction between drought and different ratios of sodium and calcium chloride on caper. Droughts stress were two levels of 100 and 75% of field capacity and were applied based on the daily weighting method of pots. Salt treatments were four different ratios of calcium chloride: sodium chloride (1:0, 1:1, 1:3, 1:5]. Treatments started when the plants were sown in the pots. Results indicated that higher ratios of calcium chloride...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Salt stress; Chlorophyll index; Water content.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582016000200259

Germination Ecology of Lathyrus aphaca, a Problematic Weed of Wheat Crop under Semi-Arid Conditions of Pakistan
Provedor de dados: 87
Autores: AAMIR,M.; KHAN,E.A.; BALOCH,M.S.; ASLAM,M.
ABSTRACT: Lathyrus aphaca is an aggressive dicotyledonous weed. The effect of different agroecological components/factors on the germination ecology of this weed was explored under a glasshouse and laboratory condition in 2014. The germination response of L. aphaca was lower at high temperature while maximum seed germination was found at 15/12 oC (day/night). Light significantly stimulated L. aphaca germination; nevertheless, substantial germination occurred under dark conditions. More than 86-90% of L. aphaca seeds germinated at pH level of 6.2-7.5. A significant quantity of seed germinated at 250 mM NaCl. There was no germination at -1 MPa. When the temperature was lower than 20/15 oC (day/night) initiation time of germination and germination index (GI)...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Osmotic stress; Weed seeds; Salt stress; Temperature; PH; Light.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582019000100253

Germination ecology of wild onion: a rainfed crop weed
Provedor de dados: 87
Autores: Tanveer,A.; Sibtain,M.; Javaid,M.M.; Ali,H.H.
Asphodelus tenuifolius is becoming a more common weed in rain-fed area in Pakistan. Laboratory and greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine the effect of different environmental factors on germination and emergence of A.tenuifolius. Results showed that A.tenuifolius can tolerate a wide range of varying environmental factors. Greatest percentage of germination (80%) was recorded at 15 ºC constant temperature; however, considerable germination occurred at 20 and 25 ºC. Light for 10 h photoperiod stimulate germination of Asphodelus tenuifolius compared with complete darkness. Germination was totally inhibited at osmotic stress higher than -0.8 MPa. There was no significant difference in germination at pH 6 to 8; however, there was a slightly...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Asphodelus tenuifolius; Temperature; Water stress; Salt stress; PH; Seedling emergence; Seeding depth.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582014000100008

Effect of ecological factors on germination of horse purslane (Trianthema portulacastrum)
Provedor de dados: 87
Autores: Tanveer,A.; Mumtaz,K.; Javaid,M.M.; Chaudhry,M.N.; Balal,R.M.; Khaliq,A.
Trianthema portulacastrum is a very problematic summer crop weed and a complete crop failure has been observed because of this weed at high density. The effect of different ecological factors on germination of T. portulacastrum seeds collected in two different years (2009 and 2005) was studied in laboratory experiments. An increase in temperature from 25 to 35 ºC increased germination percentage of T. portulacastrum from 65 to 85%, after which germination started to decrease, reducing to 71.25% at 45 ºC. Trianthema portulacastrum had maximum germination with distilled water compared with different salt solutions and drought stress levels. Germination was significantly minimum at salinity and drought stress level of 250 mM and -0.8 MPa, respectively....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Temperature; Drought stress; Salt stress; Field capacity; PH; Sowing depth.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582013000300011

Exogenous Gibberellic Acid Ameliorates Salinity-Induced Morphological and Biochemical Alterations in Portulaca grandiflora
Provedor de dados: 87
Autores: SHAIKHA,A.S.A.S.; SHAMSA,S.S.A.S.; GABRIEL,A.R.; KURUP,S.S.; CHERUTH,A.J.
ABSTRACT: An investigation was carried out to estimate the NaCl stress and ameliorative effects of Gibberellic Acid (GA3) on Portulaca grandiflora Hook. A crop experiment was conducted (CRBD) where all the pots were irrigated to field capacity. The treatments were given as (T0) control without NaCl, (T1) 80 mM NaCl, (T2) 80 mM NaCl and 50 ppm GA3, (T3) 80 mM NaCl and 75 ppm GA3 and (T4) 80 mM NaCl and 100 ppm GA3. The samples were collected at 90 DAS. It was found that plants subjected to salt stress generally showed a reduction of vegetative growth. GA3 spraying on Portulaca grandiflora with 75 ppm showed a high amelioration effect on growth and on biochemical patterns, which enhanced salt tolerance. In Portulaca grandiflora, data showed that NaCl stress...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Salt stress; Biochemical and morphological changes; Plant hormone.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582017000100281

Effect of environmental factors on the germination of Megathyrsus maximus: an invasive weed in sugarcane in Argentina
Provedor de dados: 87
Autores: C. Cabrera,Debora; Sobrero,María T.; Pece,Marta; Chaila,Salvador.
Abstract  Background: Megathyrsus maximus (Jacq.) is a perennial weed that affects many crops. In Argentina, sugarcane is the most affected.  Objective:  Study effective techniques to break dormancy and the effect of environmental factors on the germination of this weed.  Methods: Experiments were carried out in cabinet incubators twice, with five replicates per treatment. The experimental unit was made up for 50 seeds.  Results: Seed dormancy was strongly associated with the presence of glumes. Manual extractions of glumes and immersion in sulphuric acid were the most effective techniques for breaking dormancy. Megathyrsus maximus did not depend on light to germinate, and it did so both under a 12 h-light-dark photoperiod and in complete darkness, with...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Megathyrsus maximus; Guinea grass; Scarification; Salt stress; Temperature; Osmotic stress; Dormancy.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582020000100304

Gas exchange and photosynthetic pigments in bell pepper irrigated with saline water
Provedor de dados: 91
Autores: Melo,Hidelblandi F. de; Souza,Edivan R. de; Duarte,Heitor H. F.; Cunha,Jailson C.; Santos,Hugo R. B.
ABSTRACT The tools that evaluate the salinity effects on plants have great relevance as they contribute to understanding of the mechanisms of tolerance. This study aimed to evaluate gas exchanges and the contents of photosynthetic pigments in bell peppers cultivated with saline solutions (0, 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 dS m-1) prepared using two sources: NaCl and a mixture of Ca, Mg, K, Na and Cl salts, in randomized blocks with a 6 x 2 factorial scheme and 4 replicates, totaling 48 experimental plots. The net photosynthesis (A), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration (E), internal CO2 concentration (Ci), instantaneous carboxylation efficiency (A/Ci) and water use efficiency (WUE), besides chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids were evaluated. The gas exchange parameters...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Salt stress; Photosynthesis; Chlorophyll; Brazilian semi-arid region.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662017000100038

Growth and chlorophyll in noni seedlings irrigated with saline water in substrate with vermicompost
Provedor de dados: 91
Autores: Santos,Daiane G. dos; Diniz,Belísia L. M. T.; Diniz Neto,Manoel A.; Silva,João H. C. S.; Oliveira Filho,William N. de; Ferreira Filho,Roberto M.
ABSTRACT Irrigation is a limiting factor for the development of crops, and all water sources contain salts, which can accumulate in the soil and in the plant, compromising its development. The use of vermicompost is one of the alternatives to mitigate the negative effects of salts on plants. This organic compost is a soil conditioner and a nutrient source for plants. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the growth and chorophyll of noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) in response to the salinity of irrigation water in substrates with and without vermicompost. A completely randomized design in a 4 × 3 factorial scheme was used, corresponding to four levels of electrical conductivity of the irrigation water (0.5, 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 dS m-1), in three soil substrates...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Morinda citrifolia; Salt stress; Organic input.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662019000800586

Cultivation of CNPA G3 sesame irrigated with saline water and fertilized with nitrate-N and ammonium-N
Provedor de dados: 91
Autores: Lima,Geovani S. de; Dias,Adaan S.; Soares,Lauriane A. dos A.; Gheyi,Hans R.; Camara Neto,José P.; Oliveira,Luan D. de.
ABSTRACT The study aimed to evaluate the effects of irrigation with saline water and fertilization with nitrate (NO3--N) and ammonium (NH4+-N) ratios on growth, flowering, water consumption and water use efficiency of the sesame cv. CNPA G3. The treatments were distributed in randomized blocks in a 5 x 5 factorial with three replicates, referring to five levels of electrical conductivity of the irrigation water - ECw (0.6, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4 and 3.0 dS m-1) and nitrate (NO3--N) and ammonium (NH4+-N) (200/0, 150/50, 100/100, 50/150, 0/200 mg kg-1) ratios. Irrigation with saline water above 0.6 dS m-1 inhibited the growth, delayed flowering and promoted early maturation of capsules of sesame, cv. CNPA G3. The proportion of 0/200 mg kg-1 of NO3--N/NH4+-N promoted...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Sesamum indicum L.; Salt stress; NO3--N and NH4+-N ratios.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662017000100014

Growth and production components of West Indian cherry cultivated with saline waters and potassium fertilization
Provedor de dados: 91
Autores: Lima,Geovani S. de; Pinheiro,Francisco W. A.; Dias,Adaan S.; Gheyi,Hans R.; Soares,Lauriane A. dos A.; Silva,Saulo S. da.
ABSTRACT Due to water limitations in terms of both quantity and quality in the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil, the use of waters with high concentrations of salts become necessary in irrigated agriculture. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the growth and production of grafted West Indian cherry under saline water irrigation and potassium fertilization. The experiment was carried out in drainage lysimeters under protected environment conditions, using a Regolithic Neosol with sandy loam texture. Treatments resulted from the combination of two levels of electrical conductivity - ECw (0.8 and 3.8 dS m-1) of irrigation water and four doses of potassium (50, 75, 100 and 125% of the recommendation of Musser), arranged in a randomized block design, with...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Malpighia emarginata; Salt stress; Osmoregulation.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662019000400250

Tolerance of melon cultivars to irrigation water salinity
Provedor de dados: 91
Autores: Pereira,Francisco A. de L.; Medeiros,José F. de; Gheyi,Hans R.; Dias,Nildo da S.; Preston,Welka; Vasconcelos,Cybelle B. e L.
ABSTRACT The use of saline water for irrigation causes severe restriction to nutritional balance, growth and production in many crops due to the effect of salts on plant and soil. The objective of this study was to investigate the response of melon (Cucumis melo L.) cultivars to various levels of irrigation water salinity on yield and fruit quality. A field experiment was conducted in a split-plot randomized block design with four replicates. The factors were five levels of irrigation water salinity (0.54, 1.48, 2.02, 3.03 and 3.90 dS m-1) in the plots and five melon cultivars (C1 - Sancho - Pele de sapo; C2 - Medellín - Pele de sapo; C3 - Mandacaru - Canary; C4 - Néctar - Galia; C5 - Sedna - Cantaloupe) in the sub-plots. According to the results, among...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Relative crop yield; Water quality; Salt stress; Cucumis melo L.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662017001200846

Responses of basil cultivars to irrigation water salinity
Provedor de dados: 91
Autores: Maia,Sandra S. S.; Silva,Ricardo C. P. da; Oliveira,Francisco de A. de; Silva,Otaciana M. dos P. da; Silva,Ana C. da; Candido,Willame dos S.
ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to verify the response of basil cultivars to the salinity of irrigation water during the period from January 15 to March 20, 2013, in a greenhouse, at the Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid, Mossoró, RN, Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized, with treatments arranged in 2 x 4 factorial scheme, constituted of two cultivars of basil (‘Verde’ and ‘Roxo’) and four levels of irrigation water salinity (0.5; 2.0; 3.5 and 5.0 dS m-1), with four replicates. The plants were collected at 65 days after transplanting and the following variables were evaluated: stem diameter; plant height; number of stems and leaves; leaf area; dry matter of leaves, stems, roots, and total dry matter. The increase in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ocimum basilicum L.; Salt stress; Medicinal plants.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662017000100044

Potassium fertilization in the cultivation of colored cotton irrigated with saline water
Provedor de dados: 91
Autores: Silva,André A. R. da; Lima,Geovani S. de; Azevedo,Carlos A. V. de; Soares,Lauriane A. dos A.; Gheyi,Hans R.; Oliveira,Raucha C. de.
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate growth, flowering and production components of the cotton cv. ‘BRS Topázio’ irrigated with water of different salinity levels and potassium (K) doses in the soil. The research was conducted in a greenhouse. The experiment was set in a randomized complete block design with four replicates, in 4 x 4 factorial arrangement with 4 levels of irrigation water salinity (1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 dS m-1) and four K doses (50, 75, 100 and 125% of the recommendation); the dose of 100% corresponded to 150 mg K2O kg-1 of soil. Irrigation water salinity reduced stem diameter, plant height, number of leaves and leaf area of the cotton cv. ‘BRS Topázio’. Leaf area at 53 DAS was the most affected variable. The highest K dose...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Gossypium hirsutum L.; ‘BRS Topázio’; Salt stress; Potassium.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662017000900628

Nitrate: ammonium nutrition alleviates detrimental effects of salinity by enhancing photosystem II efficiency in sorghum plants
Provedor de dados: 91
Autores: Miranda,Rafael de S.; Mesquita,Rosilene O.; Freitas,Natanael S.; Prisco,José T.; Gomes-Filho,Enéas.
ABSTRACT This study was carried out to evaluate if replacement of nitrate (NO3-) by ammonium (NH4+) in the growth medium prevents the damage in the photosystem II (PSII) efficiency and degradation of photosynthetic pigments caused by saline stress in sorghum plants. Sorghum bicolor plants were cultivated in nutrient solutions containing different NO3-:NH4+ ratios (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100) at a final concentration of 5.0 mM. Salinity was imposed by adding NaCl at 75 mM in the growth medium; and the analysis were performed after ten days of salt stress. The most striking effects of nitrogen regime were observed in plants supplied with equal amounts of NO3-: NH4+ (50:50). Under salt stress, 50:50-grown plants displayed an increase in the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Salt stress; Sorghum bicolor; Nitrogen nutrition.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662014001300008

Response of four woody species to salinity and water deficit in initial growth phase
Provedor de dados: 91
Autores: Lima,Alan D.; Bezerra,Francisco M. S.; Neves,Antônia L. R.; Sousa,Carlos H. C. de; Lacerda,Claudivan F. de; Bezerra,Antônio M. E.
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth of forest species under conditions of salinity and water deficit. The experimental design was completely randomized in a triple factorial scheme with four forest species (Neem - Azadirachta indica A. Juss, ‘Aroeira’ - Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr Allemão, ‘Ipê’ - Tabebuia impetiginosa (Mart. ex. DC.) Standl and ‘Sabiá’ - Mimosa caesalpiniifoliaBenth), two salinity levels (1.2 and 8.6 dS m-1) and two water regimes (with and without water restriction). Plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, shoot dry matter, root dry matter and total dry matter were measured. For all the studied variables, there was statistical significance for the factors species (A) and salinity (B), individually....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Native plants; Salt stress; Water stress.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662018001100753

Saline water irrigation managements on growth of ornamental plants
Provedor de dados: 91
Autores: Oliveira,Francisco I. F.; Medeiros,Wiliana J. F. de; Lacerda,Claudivan F. de; Neves,Antônia L. R.; Oliveira,Davi R.
ABSTRACT Biosaline agriculture is an option for using waters with lower quality. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the growth of ornamental species under irrigation with increasing water salinity levels in two methods of water application. The study was conducted in a greenhouse, in the municipality of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. The treatments were distributed in randomized blocks in split plots, with six levels of water salinity in the plots (0.6 - control, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4, 3.0 and 3.6 dS m-1), two methods of water application in the subplots (localized and sprinkler irrigation) and four ornamental species in the sub-subplots (Catharanthus roseus, Allamanda cathartica, Ixora coccinea and Duranta erecta), with four replicates. Increase in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Water quality; Salt stress; Salt tolerance; Ornamentals species.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662017001100739

Gas exchange of four woody species under salinity and soil waterlogging
Provedor de dados: 91
Autores: Lima,Alan D.; Sousa,Carlos H. C.; Lacerda,Claudivan F. de; Bezerra,Marlos A.; Silva,Evandro N.; Neves,Antônia L. R.
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate gas exchanges in seedlings of forest species grown in saline soils and subjected to soil waterlogging cycles. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial arrangement, with four forest species: Myracrodruon urundeuva Fr Allemão, Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth, Tabebuia impetiginosa (Mart. ex. DC.) Standl and Azadirachta indica A. Juss, two soil salinity levels (1.2 and 8.6 dS m-1) and two water regimes (with and without waterlogging). Measurements of stomatal conductance, transpiration and CO2 assimilation rate were performed before and after each waterlogging period. The interaction of the highest saline level (8.6 dS m-1) and waterlogging caused greater reductions in leaf gas...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Photosynthesis; Salt stress; Water excess; Caatinga.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662017001000670

Gas exchange and organic solutes in forage sorghum genotypes grown under different salinity levels
Provedor de dados: 91
Autores: Coelho,Daniela S.; Simões,Welson L.; Salviano,Alessandra M.; Mesquita,Alessandro C.; Alberto,Keila da C.
ABSTRACT Adaptation of plants to saline environments depends on the activation of mechanisms that minimize the effects of excess ions on vital processes, such as photosynthesis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll, and organic solute in ten genotypes of forage sorghum irrigated with solutions of different salinity levels. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, in a 10 x 6 factorial arrangement, with three replications, using ten genotypes - F305, BRS-655, BRS-610, Volumax, 1.015.045, 1.016.005, 1.016.009, 1.016.013, 1.016.015 and 1.016.031 - and six saline solutions, with electrical conductivity (ECw) of 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10 and 12.5 dS m-1. The photosynthetic activity in forage sorghum plants...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Salt stress; Photosynthesis; Chlorophyll; Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662018000400231

Cultivation of cherry tomato under irrigation with saline water and nitrogen fertilization
Provedor de dados: 91
Autores: Vieira,Ianne G. S.; Nobre,Reginaldo G.; Dias,Adaan S.; Pinheiro,Francisco W. A.
ABSTRACT The study was carried out from August 2013 to January 2014 to evaluate growth and production of cherry tomato cultivated under irrigation with water of different salinity levels and fertilized with different nitrogen (N) doses, in experiment conducted in drainage lysimeters under greenhouse conditions, at the Center for Agrifood Science and Technology of the Federal University of Campina Grande. The statistical design was randomized blocks in a 5 x 4 factorial scheme, with three replicates, and the treatments consisted of five levels of electrical conductivity of water (0.3, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 dS m-1) and four N doses (60, 100, 140 and 180 mg kg-1). Growth and production variables of cherry tomato decrease linearly from the irrigation water...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.; Salt stress; Mineral nutrition; Growth.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662016000100055

Production and quality of mini watermelon cv. Smile irrigated with saline water
Provedor de dados: 91
Autores: Sousa,Alan B. O. de; Duarte,Sérgio N.; Sousa Neto,Osvaldo N. de; Souza,Ana C. M.; Sampaio,Pedro R. F.; Dias,Carlos T. dos S.
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to evaluate the salt tolerance of mini watermelon (cv. Smile). The experiment was carried out in the greenhouse of the Department of Biosystems Engineering of ESALQ/USP. The experimental design was randomized blocks. The plants were irrigated with five levels of salinity (S1 = 1.0; S2 = 2.0; S3 = 3.0; S4 = 4.0 and S5 = 5.0 dS m-1). At 85 days after the beginning of the experiment, the plants and the physical and chemical variables of the fruit were evaluated. Salinity negatively affected the variables: length of the main stem, stem diameter, number of leaves, number of branches, leaf area, fresh and dry matter. Regarding the physical and chemical characteristics of fruits, salinity reduced the mass, diameter and the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Salt stress; Electrical conductivity; Cucurbitaceae.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662016001000897

Emergence and biomass accumulation in seedlings of rice cultivars irrigated with saline water
Provedor de dados: 91
Autores: Freire,Márcio H. da C.; Sousa,Geocleber G. de; Souza,Maria V. P. de; Ceita,Emanuel D. R. de; Fiusa,Jamili N.; Leite,Kelly N.
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of three rice cultivars under saline water irrigation. The experiment was carried out in full sun at the Experimental Farm of the Unilab, in Redenção, Ceará, Brazil, in January 2016. The experimental design was completely randomized (CRD), in a 5 x 3 factorial scheme [irrigation water electrical conductivity (ECw: 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 dS m-1) versus three rice cultivars (C1 - Ligeirinho, C2 - Casado and C3 - Meruinho)], totaling 15 treatments, with 4 replicates of 30 seeds per cultivar. After 21 days, the following variables were evaluated: emergence percentage (EP), emergence speed index (ESI), mean time of emergence (MTE), mean speed of emergence (MSE), shoot dry matter (SDM),...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Oryza sativa L.; Emergence; Salt stress.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662018000700471

Leaf gas exchange in cowpea and CO2 efflux in soil irrigated with saline water
Provedor de dados: 91
Autores: Oliveira,Wanderson J. de; Souza,Edivan R. de; Cunha,Jailson C.; Silva,Ênio F. de F. e; Veloso,Venâncio de L.
ABSTRACT Leaf gas exchanges in plants and soil respiration are important tools for assessing the effects of salinity on the soil-plant system. An experiment was conducted with cowpea irrigated with saline water (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0 and 12.5 dS m-1) prepared with two sources: NaCl and a mixture of Ca, Mg, Na, K and Cl ions in a randomized block design and a 6 x 2 factorial scheme, with four replicates, totaling 48 experimental plots. At 20 days after planting (DAP), plants were evaluated for net photosynthesis (A), stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiration (E) using the Infra-Red Gas Analyzer (Model XT6400- LICOR), and water use efficiency, intrinsic water use efficiency and instantaneous efficiency of carboxylation were calculated. At 60 DAP, the soil...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Photosynthesis; Salinity; Salt stress; Soil respiration.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662017000100032

Yield of maize crop irrigated with saline waters
Provedor de dados: 91
Autores: Rodrigues,Valdécio dos S.; Bezerra,Francisco M. L.; Sousa,Geocleber G. de; Fiusa,Jamili N.; Leite,Kelly N.; Viana,Thales V. de A.
ABSTRACT The growing competition for good-quality water is forcing the use of saline water for irrigation in several areas around the world. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different electrical conductivities of irrigation water on the maize production aspects. The study was conducted in the field from August to December 2017 at the Experimental Farm of the Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira (UNILAB), Redenção, CE, Brazil. A randomized complete block design with five irrigation water salinity (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 dS m-1) and four repetitions was used. The evaluated variables were: unhusked and husked ear weights, husked ear length and diameter, cob weight, 1000-grain weight and yield....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Zea mays L.; Salt stress; Crop yield.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662020000200101

Saline water on the leaf mineral composition of noni under organic fertilization
Provedor de dados: 91
Autores: Souza,Maria C. M. R. de; Menezes,Ademir S.; Costa,Rafael S. da; Lacerda,Claudivan F. de; Amorim,Aiala V.; Ximenes,Antônia I. S.
ABSTRACT Salinity is one of the main agricultural problems faced, and may negatively influence plant development. However, studies have shown that in protected environments and under the application of organic fertilizers, deleterious effects are mitigated. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of irrigation water salinity on mineral nutrition in noni plants grown in two environments and bovine manure application. The statistical design was a randomized block design arranged in split-split plot scheme, with five repetitions. The plots consisted of the cultivation environments (greenhouse and open field), the subplots formed by salinity levels of irrigation water (ECw: 0.3, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 dS m-1), and the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Morinda citrifolia; Bovine manure; Salt stress; Mineral nutrition.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662019000900687

Plant growth and solute accumulation and distribution in two sorghum genotypes, under NaCl stress
Provedor de dados: 93
Autores: LACERDA,CLAUDIVAN FEITOSA DE; CAMBRAIA,JOSÉ; CANO,MARCO ANTONIO OLIVA; RUIZ,HUGO ALBERTO.
Seedlings of two sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) genotypes with differential tolerance to salinity were exposed to 0 and 100 mM NaCl, gradually added in increments of 25 mM every 12 hours, in nutrient solution. Seven days after starting the salt treatment the growth of the shoot and root system and the inorganic and organic solutes contents were determined. Salinity reduced the dry matter yield and length of the shoot and root system in both sorghum genotypes, specially in the sensitive one. In general, it was observed an increase in Na+ and Cl- transfer to the shoot, in Na+ and Cl- accumulation and in the Na+/Cl- ratio but a decrease in the K+ and Ca2+ transfer to shoot and in the K+ and Ca2+ contents in the shoot, always with higher intensity in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Salinity; Salt stress; Salt accumulation; Organic solutes accumulation; Sorghum bicolor.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-31312001000300003

CHANGES IN OSMOTIC AND IONIC INDICATORS IN Ananas comosus (L.) cv. MD GOLD PRE-TREATED WITH PHYTOHORMONES AND SUBMITTED TO SALINE MEDIUM
Provedor de dados: 94
Autores: MELO,YURI LIMA; DANTAS,CIBELLEY VANÚCIA SANTANA; LIMA-MELO,YUGO; MAIA,JOSEMIR MOURA; MACÊDO,CRISTIANE ELIZABETH COSTA DE.
ABSTRACT  The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of NaCl on the hydroponic culture of cv. MD Gold pineapple pretreated with the phytohormones naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) using indicators of water stress and osmotic adjustment. Pineapple seedlings from saline treatments in the absence (-NB) and presence (+NB) of the phytohormones during the in vitro culture were grown in Hoagland &amp; Arnon (1950) nutrient solution in the absence and presence of different NaCl concentrations (50; 100 and 150 mM) for 10 days in a greenhouse. Plants obtained from in vitro culture pretreated with phytoregulators (+NB) showed distinct physiological responses compared to non-treated plants (-NB) in relation to dry mass (DM) in roots,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ananas comosus (L.); Auxin; Cytokinin; Osmoregulators; Salt stress.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-29452017000200101

Salt stress change chlorophyll fluorescence in mango
Provedor de dados: 94
Autores: Lucena,Cicero Cartaxo de; Siqueira,Dalmo Lopes de; Martinez,Hermínia Emilia Prieto; Cecon,Paulo Roberto.
This study evaluated the tolerance of mango cultivars 'Haden', 'Palmer', 'Tommy Atkins' and 'Uba' grafted on rootstock 'Imbú' to salt stress using chlorophyll fluorescence. Plants were grown in modified Hoagland solution containing 0, 15, 30, and 45 mmol L-1 NaCl. At 97 days the parameters of the chlorophyll fluorescence (F0, Fm, Fv, F0/Fm, Fv/Fm, Fv'/Fm', ΦPSII = [(Fm'-Fs)/(Fm')], D = (1- Fv'/Fm') and ETR = (ΦPSII×PPF×0,84×0,5) were determined. At 100 days, the leaf emission and leaf area, toxicity and leaf abscission indexes were determined. In all cultivars evaluated, in different degree, there were decreases in photochemical efficiency of photosystem II, enhanced concentrations from 15 mmol L-1 NaCl. The decreases in the potential quantum yield of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Mangifera indica L.; Photosystem II; Vegetative growth; Salt stress.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-29452012000400034

Influence of salinity on the development of the banana colonised by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
Provedor de dados: 124
Autores: Almeida,Aldênia Mendes Mascena de; Gomes,Vânia Felipe Freire; Mendes Filho,Paulo Furtado; Lacerda,Claudivan Feitosa de; Freitas,Emanuel Dias.
ABSTRACT This study evaluated the effect of salt stress on the growth of banana seedling colonized with mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on a substrate from a Quartzipsamment. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, using a completely randomized design in split plots; the plots had 5 levels of salinity in irrigation water (0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 4 5 dS m-1) and the subplots of four collection periods (40, 60, 80 and 100 days after transplanting), with 4 repetitions, totaling 80 experimental units. The seedlings of banana cv. "Prata" was produced by micropropagation and inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal and acclimatization for 40 days. Evaluations were made of leaf gas exchange, shoot dry mass, nutrient content, mycorrhizal root colonization and spore...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Musa ssp.; Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi; Salt stress.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1806-66902016000300421

Mechanisms of salt tolerance in seedlings of six woody native species of the Brazilian semi-arid
Provedor de dados: 124
Autores: Bessa,Michele Campos; Lacerda,Claudivan Feitosa; Amorim,Aiala Vieira; Bezerra,Antonio Marcos Esmeraldo; Lima,Alan Diniz.
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the salt tolerance and physiological responses of six woody native species of the Caatinga ecosystem, on a soil salinity gradient in a greenhouse. The experimental design was of randomized blocks in a split-plot scheme; six plant species native of the Caatinga in the plots, and five levels of soil salinity in the sub-plots (1.2, 2.7, 4.7, 6.7 and 8.4 dS m-1), with five replications. The results demonstrate that species of the Caatinga ecosystem display a high capacity for adaptation in soils of low and moderate salinity. However, considering the reduction in total dry matter production at the highest salinity level, it was seen that only the species M. urundeuva was tolerant to salinity, and H. impetiginosus...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Salt stress; Caatinga ecosystem; Woody plants; Leaf gas exchange.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1806-66902017000100157

Physiological characteristics in seeds of the common bean under multicollinearity and conditions of salinity
Provedor de dados: 124
Autores: Guilhen,José Henrique Soler; Marçal,Tiago de Souza; Zanotti,Rafael Fonsêca; Lopes,José Carlos; Ferreira,Adésio.
ABSTRACT The objective of this work was evaluate multicollinearity effect and discard the variables which are based on multicollinearity reduction in diversity analysis of common bean genotypes, related to seeds physiological quality, in different salinity levels in germination substrate. The common bean seed germination test for six cultivars and seven landrace genotypes was performed in paper rolls (germitest), imbibed in NaCl solutions on the osmotic potentials of 0.0; -0.3 and - 0.6 MPa, maintained in germinated Mangelsdorff type at temperature of 25 °C, on constant light. The experimental design was completely randomized in factorial arrangement 13 x 3 (genotype x osmotic potential), with four replications with 25 seeds, totaling 100 seeds per...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Phaseolus vulgaris; Salt stress; Canonical variable.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1806-66902016000100127

ISOENZYMATIC POLYMORPHISM AND ACTIVITY OF PEROXIDASES OF COMMON BEAN  (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) UNDER SALINE STRESS
Provedor de dados: 63
Autores: BROETTO,F.; CASA,A.M.; MALAVOLTA,E.; LOPES,C.R.
One of the uses of the technique of tissue culture for plant breeding is the identification of cell lines tolerant to salt stress.In order to study the biochemical mechanisms involved in the genetic expression to salt tolerance, callus from embryo axis of four bean cultivars (cv. IAC-carioca; cv. IAPAR-14; cv. JALO-EEP558; CV. BAT-93) were grown in Murashige &amp;amp; Skoog (1962) medium, supplemented with NaCl in the concentrations of 0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 mM. After 14 days callus were harvested and analyzed according to their isoenzymatic patterns and peroxidase activities. BAT and IAPAR cultivars showed two common activity zones in the anodic region, with only one specific enzymatic band to each one (the two fastest migration band); it is possible that...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Phaseolus vulgaris; Peroxidases; Polymorphism; Salt stress; Phaseolus vulgaris.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90161997000200003

ผลของการฉีดพ่นสเปอร์มิดีนต่อคลอโรฟิลล์ฟลูออเรสเซนส์ ปริมาณโพรลีน และการรั่วไหลของอิเล็กโทรไลต์ของใบข้าวเหนียวดำภายใต้สภาวะเค็ม
Provedor de dados: 106
Autores: Panya Madi; Sumitahnun Chantaburi; Jirawat Sanitchon; wattana pattanagul; Piyatida Theerakulpisut.
Saline soil is a major problem that affects growth and productivity of rice. Spermidine (Spd), a member of polyamine (PA), is a plant growth regulator playing essential roles in protecting many crop plants under salinity stress. The objective of this study was to explore the roles of exogenous spermidine in protecting salt-stressed rice plants by evaluating its effects on three physiological indicators of plant stress. Two black glutinous rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L. spp. indica), including cv.Gs.no.00621(salt tolerant) and cv. LLR-039 (salt sensitive) were grown in potted soils until early booting stage. The plants were then arranged into three treatment groups including 1) control 2) 25 mM NaCl and 3) foliar application with 1 mM Spd prior to exposure...
Tipo: PhysicalObject
Palavras-chave: Black glutinous rice; Salt stress; Spermidine; Electrolyte leakage; Sticky rice; Chlorophyll fluorescence; Proline content; ข้าวเหนียวดำ; ดินเค็ม; สเปอร์มิดีน; การรั่วไหลของอิเล็กโทรไลต์; สภาวะเครียด; โพรลีน; การฉีดพ่นทางใบ; ความทนเค็ม.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5420

INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF SALINITY STRESS AND NICOTINAMIDE ON PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF FABA BEAN PLANT
Provedor de dados: 37
Autores: MAGDI T,ABDELHAMID; MERVAT SH,SADAK; URS,SCHMIDHALTER; ABDEL-KAREEM M.,EL-SAADY.
A possible survival strategy for plants under saline conditions is to use some compounds that could alleviate the salt stress effect. One of these compounds is nicotinamide (vitamin B3/niacin). The effect of exogenous application of nicotinamide with different concentrations (0, 200 or 400 mg l-1) on faba bean (Vicia faba L.) plant grown at different NaCl levels (0, 50 or 100 mM) was investigated in the wire house of the National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt. Salinity stress significantly reduced the photosynthetic pigments, polysaccharides, total carbohydrates, total-N contents of shoot, plant height, leaves number, fresh and dry weights of shoot, seed yield, total carbohydrates and total crude protein of the yielded seeds compared with those of the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Growth; Salt stress; Sodium chloride; Vicia faba; Vitamin B3.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0120-548X2013000300009

Hydrogen sulfide: a new endogenous player in an old mechanism of plant tolerance to high salinity
Provedor de dados: 39
Autores: da-Silva,Cristiane J.; Modolo,Luzia V.
ABSTRACT High salinity affects plants due to stimulation of osmotic stress. Cell signaling triggered by nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) activates a cascade of biochemical events that culminate in plant tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses. For instance, the NO/H2S-stimulated biochemical events that occur in plants during response to high salinity include the control of reactive oxygen species, activation of antioxidant system, accumulation of osmoprotectants in cytosol, induction of K+ uptake and Na+ cell extrusion or its vacuolar compartmentation among others. This review is a compilation of what we have learned in the last 10 years about NO participation during cell signaling in response to high salinity as well as the role of H2S, a new...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Abiotic stress; Cell signaling; Hydrogen sulfide; Nitric oxide; NO and H2S biosynthesis; Salt stress.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062018000100150

Effect of salt stress on the growth of Lippia gracilis Schauer and on the quality of its essential oil
Provedor de dados: 39
Autores: Ragagnin,Roberto Carlos Grillo; Albuquerque,Cynthia Cavalcanti; Oliveira,Francisco Fábio Mesquita; Santos,Ricardo Gonçalves; Gurgel,Eleneide Pinto; Diniz,Jaécio Carlos; Rocha,Simone Alves Serafim; Viana,Francisco Arnaldo.
This study evaluated the effect of salt stress on the growth of Lippia gracilis Schauer, a species native to the caatinga (shrublands) of Brazil and rich in essential oils, as well as on the quality of its oil. We exposed individuals of L. gracilis to NaCl, in the following concentrations, for a period of 40 days: 25 mM; 50 mM; 75 mM; and 100 mM. An additional group of plants was not exposed to NaCl (controls). Data were collected on days 20 and 40. We evaluated relative growth rate; shoot and root dry weight; relative water content; proline concentration in leaves; and chemical composition of the essential oil. At all concentrations, NaCl reduced the relative growth rate in comparison with that observed for the controls. No significant difference in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Alecrim-da-chapada; Carvacrol; Salt stress; Thymol.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062014000300006

Growth and photosynthetic parameters of saccharine sorghum plants subjected to salinity
Provedor de dados: 1
Autores: Silva, Maria Liliane dos Santos; Sousa, Humberto Gildo de; Silva, Maria Lílian dos Santos; Lacerda, Claudivan Feitosa de; Gomes-Filho, Enéas.
Plants are often exposed to abiotic stresses such as salinity, which represents a barrier to the cultivation of agricultural species mainly in arid and semi-arid regions. This study evaluated the development of four saccharine sorghum genotypes for tolerance to different salinity levels under greenhouse conditions. The experimental design was a randomized complete block arranged in a 5 × 4 factorial scheme, which corresponded to five levels of irrigation water salinity [electrical conductivities of 0.5 (control), 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0 dS m-1] and four saccharine sorghum genotypes (CSF 11, CSF 15, P 76 and P 298), with five replicates. The plants were evaluated for dry mass production, leaf area, height, stalk diameter, leaf gas exchange and relative...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Sorghum bicolor (L.); Leaf gas exchange; Salt stress; Salt tolerance.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/42607

Germination and biochemical components of Salvia hispanica L. seeds at different salinity levels and temperatures
Provedor de dados: 1
Autores: Paiva, Emanoela Pereira de; Torres, Salvador Barros; Alves, Tatianne Raianne Costa; Sá, Francisco Vanies da Silva; Leite, Moadir de Sousa; Dombroski, Jeferson Luiz Dallabona.
Most plant species are susceptible to the effects of salinity, such as increases in osmotic potentials and deleterious ionic effects, which in turn affect water absorption in plants and, consequently, compromise germination and seedling growth. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of salinity on the germination, initial growth, and physiological and biochemical components of S. hispanica seedlings at different temperatures. The experimental design was completely randomized, with treatments distributed in a 5 x 4 factorial scheme with five saline concentrations (0.0 (control), 4.5, 9.0, 13.5, and 18.0 dS m-1) four temperature regimes (20, 25, 30, and 20-30°C), and four replicates of 50 seeds per treatment. The experiment evaluated the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Produção Vegetal; Fitotecnia; Produção e Tecnologia de Sementes Lamiaceae; Chia; Salt stress; Thermal stress. Produção e Beneficiamento de Sementes.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/39396

Gherkin cultivation in saline medium using seeds treated with a biostimulant
Provedor de dados: 1
Autores: Souza Neta, Maria Lilia de; Oliveira, Francisco de Assis de; Torres, Salvador Barros; Souza, Antonia Adailha Torres; Silva, Dennis Darkyan Almeida da; Santos, Sandy Thomaz dos.
 The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a biostimulant on gherkin seeds, cultivar Liso de Calcutá, under conditions of salt stress. A split-plot experimental design with five replications was used; the main plot was represented by two levels of irrigation water salinity (0.5 and 3.5 dS m-1), and the subplot was composed of five biostimulant doses applied as a seed treatment (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 mL kg-1). The following variables were evaluated: the number of leaves; number of branches; length of the largest branch; leaf, stem, fruit and total dry matter; number of fruits; average fruit weight; and fruit production. The values of all analyzed variables decreased with an increase in irrigation water salinity regardless of the biostimulant...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Fitotecnia Cucumis anguria; Horticulture; Salt stress; Bioregulator. Produção e Tecnologia de Sementes.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/35216

Germination and biochemical components of Salvia hispanica L. seeds at different salinity levels and temperatures
Provedor de dados: 1
Autores: Paiva, Emanoela Pereira de; Torres, Salvador Barros; Alves, Tatianne Raianne Costa; Sá, Francisco Vanies da Silva; Leite, Moadir de Sousa; Dombroski, Jeferson Luiz Dallabona.
Most plant species are susceptible to the effects of salinity, such as increases in osmotic potentials and deleterious ionic effects, which in turn affect water absorption in plants and, consequently, compromise germination and seedling growth. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of salinity on the germination, initial growth, and physiological and biochemical components of S. hispanica seedlings at different temperatures. The experimental design was completely randomized, with treatments distributed in a 5 x 4 factorial scheme with five saline concentrations (0.0 (control), 4.5, 9.0, 13.5, and 18.0 dS m-1) four temperature regimes (20, 25, 30, and 20-30°C), and four replicates of 50 seeds per treatment. The experiment evaluated the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Lamiaceae; Chia; Salt stress; Thermal stress.; Produção e Beneficiamento de Sementes.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/39396

Pretreatment of forage legumes under moderate salinity with exogenous salicylic acid or spermidine
Provedor de dados: 1
Autores: Pizolato Neto, Antonio; Alves, Rita de Cássia; Camargos, Ayza Eugênio Viana; Gratão, Priscila Lupino; Carregari, Sônia Maria Raymundo; Zingaretti, Sonia Marli; Santos, Durvalina Maria Mathias Dos.
The present study aims to determine whether exogenous salicylic acid (SA) or spermidine (Spd) has any protective effect against salt stress. Seeds were subjected to 0, 20, 40, and 60 mM NaCl with or without salicylic acid or spermidine (0.5 mM) for 10 days. The evaluated variables were germination rate, shoot and root dry masses, glycine betaine content, lipid peroxidation, and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). The data were subjected to Tukey’s test (p ≤ 0.05). There was a growth increase, especially in plant shoots. The reduction in lipid peroxidation, as indicated by lower malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, can be explained by an increase in antioxidant activity when SA and Spd were added. When...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cajanus cajan; Dolichos lablab; Salt stress; Glycine betaine; Oxidative stress; Growth. Cajanus cajan; Dolichos lablab; Salt stress; Glycine betaine; Oxidative stress; Growth. Fisiologia Vegetal.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/42809

Gherkin cultivation in saline medium using seeds treated with a biostimulant
Provedor de dados: 1
Autores: Souza Neta, Maria Lilia de; Oliveira, Francisco de Assis de; Torres, Salvador Barros; Souza, Antonia Adailha Torres; Silva, Dennis Darkyan Almeida da; Santos, Sandy Thomaz dos.
 The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a biostimulant on gherkin seeds, cultivar Liso de Calcutá, under conditions of salt stress. A split-plot experimental design with five replications was used; the main plot was represented by two levels of irrigation water salinity (0.5 and 3.5 dS m-1), and the subplot was composed of five biostimulant doses applied as a seed treatment (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 mL kg-1). The following variables were evaluated: the number of leaves; number of branches; length of the largest branch; leaf, stem, fruit and total dry matter; number of fruits; average fruit weight; and fruit production. The values of all analyzed variables decreased with an increase in irrigation water salinity regardless of the biostimulant...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cucumis anguria; Horticulture; Salt stress; Bioregulator.; Produção e Tecnologia de Sementes.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/35216

Growth and photosynthetic parameters of saccharine sorghum plants subjected to salinity
Provedor de dados: 1
Autores: Silva, Maria Liliane dos Santos; Sousa, Humberto Gildo de; Silva, Maria Lílian dos Santos; Lacerda, Claudivan Feitosa de; Gomes-Filho, Enéas.
Plants are often exposed to abiotic stresses such as salinity, which represents a barrier to the cultivation of agricultural species mainly in arid and semi-arid regions. This study evaluated the development of four saccharine sorghum genotypes for tolerance to different salinity levels under greenhouse conditions. The experimental design was a randomized complete block arranged in a 5 × 4 factorial scheme, which corresponded to five levels of irrigation water salinity [electrical conductivities of 0.5 (control), 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0 dS m-1] and four saccharine sorghum genotypes (CSF 11, CSF 15, P 76 and P 298), with five replicates. The plants were evaluated for dry mass production, leaf area, height, stalk diameter, leaf gas exchange and relative...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Sorghum bicolor (L.); Leaf gas exchange; Salt stress; Salt tolerance.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/42607

NaCl and Phaeomoniella chlamydospora affect differently starch and sucrose metabolism in grapevines - doi: 10.4025/actasciagron.v35i2.15690
Provedor de dados: 1
Autores: Oliveira, Helena; Universidade de Aveiro; Costa, Armando; Universidade de Aveiro; Santos, Conceição; Universidade de Aveiro.
Vineyards production is often affected by diseases as esca and Petri disease and by excess of salt. Phaeomoniella chlamydospora is one of the pathogenic fungi associated to esca disease, but its interaction with the plant under excess of salt remains unknown. Under controlled in vitro conditions, Vitis vinifera L. plants were exposed to 0, 20 and 100 mM NaCl and inoculated with P. chlamydospora. Both inoculation and salt stress decreased the levels of chlorophylls, which was aggravated when both factors were combined. NaCl 100 mM and, mostly, inoculation, decreased maximum fluorescence (Fm), variable fluorescence (Fv) and Fv/Fm. The activity of a-amylase decreased in plants exposed to 100 mM or inoculated but no synergic effect of these factors was...
Tipo: Ensaio laboratorial em condições controladas
Palavras-chave: 5.01.02.01-0; 5.01.03.06-7 Fisiologia de Plantas grapevine; Phaeomoniella chlamydospora; Salt stress; Starch metabolism; Amylase; Sucrose metabolism.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/15690

Growth of cactus pear cv. Miúda under different salinity levels and irrigation frequencies
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: FREIRE,JOELMA DE L.; SANTOS,MÉRCIA VIRGINIA F. DOS; DUBEUX JÚNIOR,JOSÉ CARLOS B.; BEZERRA NETO,EGÍDIO; LIRA,MÁRIO DE A.; CUNHA,MÁRCIO V. DA; SANTOS,DJALMA C. DOS; AMORIM,SILVANIA O. DE; MELLO,ALEXANDRE CARNEIRO L. DE.
Abstract Soil and water salinity are considered the main limiting factors of plant production. This work aimed to evaluate the influences of irrigation frequency and soil salinity on the development of cactus pear cv. Miúda (Nopalea cochenillifera Salm Dyck). The experiment was conducted in factorial arrangement of four salinity levels: 0.3 (control), 0.5 (low), 1.5 (medium) and 3.6 (high salinity) (ds m-1), associated with four irrigation frequencies (each 7, 14, 21 and 28 days) and two soil textures (sandy and sandy loam) in a randomized block design with four replicates. One cladode was planted in each polyethylene pot containing 10 kg of soil. The soil texture influenced some of the morphological characteristics of the cactus pear, so that plants grown...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cladodes; Forage; Salt stress; Semiarid.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652018000703893

Changes of the Total Lipid and Omega-3 Fatty Acid Contents in two Microalgae Dunaliella Salina and Chlorella Vulgaris Under Salt Stress
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Rismani,Sharare; Shariati,Mansour.
ABSTRACT Effect of salt stress on biomass, cell number, contents of total lipid, omega-3 fatty acids, including ALA (Alpha Linolenic Acid), EPA (Eicosapentaenoic Acid) and DHA (Docosahexaenoic Acid) and their biosynthetic pathway intermediates (palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid) of two microalgae Dunaliella salina and Chlorella vulgaris were investigated. Dilution stress from 1.5 to 0.5 M NaCl and salt stress from 1.5 to 3 M NaCl were incorporated into the D. salina medium. Salt stress of 200 mM NaCl was also applied to C. vulgaris culture. Results indicated that increasing salt concentration resulted in the reduced growth rate of C. vulgaris and substantial increase of the total lipid content in both species. Proper growth rate of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Dunaliella; Chlorella; Salt stress; Lipid; Omega-3.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132017000100432

Regulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae maltose fermentation by cold temperature and CSF1
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Hollatz,Claudia; Stambuk,Boris Ugarte.
We studied the influence of cold temperature (10ºC) on the fermentation of maltose by a S. cerevisiae wild-type strain, and a csf1delta mutant impaired in glucose and leucine uptake at low temperatures. Cold temperature affected the fermentation kinetics by decreasing the growth rate and the final cell yield, with almost no ethanol been produced from maltose by the wild-type cells at 10ºC. The csf1delta strain did not grew on maltose when cultured at 10ºC, indicating that the CSF1 gene is also required for maltose consumption at low temperatures. However, this mutant also showed increased inhibition of glucose and maltose fermentation under salt stress, indicating that CSF1 is probably involved in the regulation of other physiological processes, including...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Refrigerated dough; Maltose fermentation; Baker's yeast; Salt stress.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822003000500034

Biocontrol potential of salinity tolerant mutants of Trichoderma harzianum against Fusarium oxysporum
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Mohamed,Hassan Abdel-Latif A.; Haggag,Wafaa Mohamed.
Exposing a wild-type culture of Trichoderma harzianum to gamma irradiation induced two stable salt-tolerant mutants (Th50M6 and Th50M11). Under saline conditions, both mutants greatly surpassed their wild type strain in growth rate, sporulation and biological proficiency against Fusarium oxysporum, the causal agent of tomato wilt disease. Tolerant T. harzianum mutants detained a capability to grow and convinced sporulation in growth media containing up to 69 mM NaCl. In comparison with their parent strain, characterization of both mutants confirmed that they have reinforced contents of proline and hydroxyproline, relatively higher sodium content compared to potassium, calcium or magnesium contents, higher level of total phenols. Electrophoretic analysis of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antifungal metabolites; Mutagenesis; Gamma-irradiation; Salt stress; Trichoderma harzianum; Fusarium oxysporium.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822006000200016

Effects of n-propyl gallate on photosynthesis and physiological parameters in Dunaliella salina are affected by stressful conditions
Provedor de dados: 61
Autores: Einali,Alireza; Shariati,Mansour.
We studied the effects of n-propyl gallate, which is a plastid terminal oxidase inhibitor involved in chlororespiration, on photosynthesis and physiological parameters in Dunaliella salina grown under different salinities and under low or high irradiance using chlorophyll a fluorescence transient measurements and pigment analysis. The inhibitor up to 1 mM had an additive significant effect on the photosynthetic efficiency in the cell suspensions grown under low salinity and irradiance. However, in the presence of high n-propyl gallate concentration (4 mM), there was a negative effect on all physiological aspects. In contrast, this high concentration of the inhibitor could enhance efficiency of electron transport and growth parameters under high irradiance....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chlorophyll fluorescence; Dunaliella salina; Light intensity; Photosynthesis; Salt stress.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202012000300006

Physiology of cashew plants grown under adverse conditions
Provedor de dados: 61
Autores: Bezerra,Marlos A.; Lacerda,Claudivan F. de; Gomes Filho,Enéas; Abreu,Carlos E. B. de; Prisco,José T.
The cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) is an important crop for semi-arid agriculture and contributes to the social and economical development of several world regions, including the northeast of Brazil. In spite of its importance, very few studies aim to understand the effects of abiotic stresses on the development and yield of the cashew. This review covers the research on cashew ecophysiology, with emphasis on the effects of water and salt stress on its development, mineral nutrition and gas exchange processes. The results presented here were obtained at different plant growth stages and under different environmental conditions of soil and climate. The ecophysiological significance of this information is also discussed.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Anacardium occidentale; Development; Salt stress; Water deficit.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202007000400012

Physiological responses of NaCl stressed cowpea plants grown in nutrient solution supplemented with CaCl2
Provedor de dados: 61
Autores: Silva,José Vieira; Lacerda,Claudivan Feitosa de; Costa,Paulo Henrique Alves da; Enéas Filho,Joaquim; Gomes Filho,Enéas; Prisco,José Tarquínio.
Pitiuba cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) plants were grown in nutrient solution and kept in a greenhouse up to pre-flowering stage. They were subjected to four different treatments: nutrient solution; nutrient solution containing 75 mmol.L-1 NaCl; nutrient solution containing 75 mmol.L-1 NaCl and 5 mmol.L-1 CaCl2; and nutrient solution containing 75 mmol.L-1 NaCl and 10 mmol.L-1 CaCl2. Salt stress strongly inhibited plant growth, caused a disturbance in plant-water balance, and increased the total content of inorganic solutes in the different plant parts, due mainly to accumulation of Na+ and Cl-. It also increased leaf and root soluble carbohydrates, reduced soluble amino nitrogen both in root tips and in the youngest trifoliate leaves, and reduced...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Calcium; Growth; Salt stress; Solutes accumulation; Vigna unguiculata; Water relations.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202003000200005

Activation of phenylalanine ammonia lyase as a key component of the antioxidative system of salt-challenged maize leaves
Provedor de dados: 61
Autores: Gholizadeh,Ashraf; Kohnehrouz,B. Baghban.
Differential antioxidative activities were assessed in the leaves of two maize inbreds (A-180 and A-619) under salt stress and the subsequent recovery period. Total antioxidation test revealed that in both inbreds, this ability was sharply increased during stress period, but was slowly reverted back to the normal level during recovery. The enzymatic antioxidative analysis showed differential patterns in the activities of catalase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase in both maize inbreeds. Comparative analysis of the activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), a key enzyme at the gateway of propanoid biosynthetic pathway, suggested that propanoid compounds might be antioxidants of pivotal importance to the salt-challenged maize antioxidation system. As...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antioxidation; Maize; Salt stress; PAL; Catalase; Peroxidase; Polyphenol oxidase.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202010000400001

Glycinebetaine improves salt tolerance in vinal (Prosopis ruscifolia Griesbach) seedlings
Provedor de dados: 61
Autores: Meloni,Diego A.; Martínez,Carlos A.
Glycinebetaine (GB) is a very important organic osmolyte that accumulates in a number of diverse groups of plants in response to environmental stress. In some plants, increased resistance to drought, salinity and low temperature has been achieved through exogenous application of GB. In this study, the effect of exogenously applied GB (8 mM) on the ability of vinal (Prosopis ruscifolia G.) plants to withstand NaCl stress was investigated. The dry biomass of vinal showed a decrease under salt stress, but in GB-treated plants exposed to the same stress, this reduction was mitigated. Sodium accumulated in the leaves of plants grown under saline conditions, but the addition of GB to salt-grown plants reduced Na+ content by 40%. Salinity significantly reduced...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Lipid peroxidation; Salt stress; Superoxide dismutase.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202009000300007

Salt-induced changes in antioxidative enzyme activities in root tissues do not account for the differential salt tolerance of two cowpea cultivars
Provedor de dados: 61
Autores: Maia,Josemir M; Voigt,Eduardo L; Macêdo,Cristiane E. C; Ferreira-Silva,Sérgio L; Silveira,Joaquim A. G.
The salt stress effect in root growth and antioxidative response were investigated in two cowpea cultivars which differ in salt tolerance in terms of plant growth and leaf oxidative response. Four-day-old seedlings (establishment stage) were exposed to 100 mM NaCl for two days. The roots of the two cultivars presented distinct response in terms of salt-induced changes in elongation and dry weight. Root dry weight was only decreased in Pérola (sensitive) cultivar while root elongation was mainly hampered in Pitiúba (tolerant). Root relative water content remained unchanged under salinity, but root Na+ content achieved toxic levels as revealed by the K+/Na+ ratio in both cultivars. Then, root growth inhibition might be due to ionic toxicity rather than by...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antioxidative enzymes; Oxidative stress; Root growth inhibition; Salt stress; Vigna unguiculata.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202010000200005

Impact of saline water stress on nutrient uptake and growth of cowpea
Provedor de dados: 61
Autores: Patel,Prakash R.; Kajal,Sushil S.; Patel,Vinay R.; Patel,Vimal J.; Khristi,Sunil M.
Soil salinity is a major limitation to crops production in many areas of the world. The present study reports the impact of salt stress on seeds germination, plant growth parameters and leaf ions accumulation in three cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp Indian cultivars: Akshay102, Gomti vu-89 and Pusa Falguni. The electrical conductivity (EC) of the soil was 0.75 dS m−1 and the NaCl treatments increased it to 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 dS m−1. Germination percentage was recorded 10 days after sowing, while shoot and root dry weights were measured in 45 days old plants. Leaf ion concentrations for Na+, K+, Ca2+, Cl− and proline content were determined. The results showed that the germination percentage of seeds was highly affected by salinity in all cultivars in all...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Salt stress; Germination; Proline; Potassium/sodium ratio.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202010000100005

Physiological and biochemical changes occurring in dwarf-cashew seedlings subjected to salt stress
Provedor de dados: 61
Autores: Abreu,Carlos E.B. de; Prisco,José T.; Nogueira,Ana R.C.; Bezerra,Marlos A.; Lacerda,Claudivan F. de; Gomes-Filho,Enéas.
The effects of salt stress on some physiological and biochemical traits were evaluated in dwarf-cashew seedlings at the same developmental stage. Seeds were sown in trays containing vermiculite moistened with distilled water or with NaCl solutions having different electrical conductivities: 0.7, 1.8, 6.0, 9.8, 13.4, 17.4 and 20.6 dS m-1. Salinity delayed and inhibited seedling growth and development, particularly in the shoot. Concentrations of Na+ and Cl-, but not of K+, increased with increasing stress severity. With the exception of proline, concentration of organic solutes was only marginally affected by salt stress. Catalase activity in leaves increased slightly as a result of salt stress, whereas guaiacol peroxidase activity was induced only under...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Anacardium occidentale; Antioxidant enzymes; Lipid peroxidation; Oxidative stress; Protein pattern; Salt stress.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202008000200003

Ameliorative effect of exogenous nitric oxide on oxidative metabolism in NaCl treated chickpea plants
Provedor de dados: 61
Autores: Sheokand,Sunita; Bhankar,Vinita; Sawhney,Veena.
Accumulation of salts in irrigated soils is one of the primary factors limiting yield in South Asia. We investigated whether exogenous nitric oxide (NO) supplementation as sodium nitroprusside has any ameliorating effect against NaCl induced oxidative damage in chickpea leaves. NaCl treatment (250 mM) alone and in combination with two concentrations of SNP (0.2 and 1 mM) were given to 50 days old chickpea plants for 2, 4 and 6 days. Salt stress adversely affected the relative membrane injury, lipid peroxidation levels, relative water content (RWC) and H2O2 content. The effect was time dependent. SNP treatments could ameliorate the toxic effect of short term salt stress of 2 days on relative membrane injury and partial amelioration was observed with 4 and 6...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antioxidant enzymes; Chickpea; Lipid peroxidation; Nitric oxide; Salt stress.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202010000200002

Xylem sap analysis reveals new facts of salt tolerance in rice genotypes
Provedor de dados: 61
Autores: Roshandel,Parto.
Salinity damage in rice and other salt-sensitive species is due to excessive transport of NaCl through the root system to the leaves and consequently low salt transport to the shoot can be a major trait determining salt resistance. Since the rapid uptake of sodium ions is such a crucial part of the response of rice to salinity, physiological experiments were carried out to compare bypass flow in two genotypes of rice (IR4630 and IR15324) differing in salt tolerance, because it has been suggested that an apoplastic pathway, bypass flow, is a major contributory pathway for Na+ entrance into rice plants. Experiments on the youngest fully expanded photosynthetic leaf (the third from the base), using PTS as a tracer for apoplastic movement and Philaenus...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bypass flow; Na+ transport; Oryza sativa; Philaenus spumarius; Salt stress; Xylem concentration.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202007000300002

Changes in physiological indicators associated with salt tolerance in two contrasting cashew rootstocks
Provedor de dados: 61
Autores: Ferreira-Silva,Sérgio L.; Silveira,Joaquim A.G.; Voigt,Eduardo L.; Soares,Lucilene S.P.; Viégas,Ricardo A.
In order to identify salt tolerance indicators, several physiological variables were evaluated in two contrasting cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) rootstocks in response to salt stress. The tolerant CCP 09 genotype showed better growth performance after two weeks under a large range of NaCl salinity (50, 100, 150 and 200 mM). The NaCl treatments induced a significant drop in transpiration as a consequence of an increased stomatal resistance in both genotypes. No significant differences in Na+, Cl, and K+ concentrations were found in both roots and leaves regardless of rootstocks. The tolerant genotype exhibited lower relative water content and less negative leaf osmotic potential as compared with the sensitive genotype and, therefore, these variables...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Anacardium occidentale; Organic solutes; Salt stress; Salt tolerance; Sodium and chloride partitioning; Sodium-to-potassium ratio.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202008000100006

Differential responses of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activities of two Vigna unguiculata cultivars to salt stress
Provedor de dados: 61
Autores: Aragão,Maria Erivalda Farias de; Guedes,Marjorie Moreira; Otoch,Maria de Lourdes Oliveira; Guedes,Maria Izabel Florindo; Melo,Dirce Fernandes de; Lima,Maria da Guia Silva.
Vita 3 and Vita 5 are two Vigna unguiculata cultivars that differ in their capacities for survival in saline environments; Vita 3 is more tolerant and Vita 5 more sensitive. Both cultivars were submitted to salt stress with 0.1 M NaCl. After 8 days, root and shoot growth from both cultivars was reduced but reduction was more pronounced in Vita 5. Furthermore, leaf area was also reduced in this cultivar. Chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were not affected by salt stress, but the specific activities of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) decreased in Vita 3 and increased in Vita 5. The use of immunological techniques also revealed that the Rubisco content from Vita 3 decreased while that of Vita 5 increased....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Rubisco; Photosynthesis; Salt stress; Vigna unguiculata.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202005000200003

Changes in growth variables and potassium content in leaves of Black Barley in response to NaCl
Provedor de dados: 61
Autores: Abu-Al-Basal,Mariam A.; Yasseen,Bassam T.
Much attention is being focused on the Black barley (Hordeum distichum L.) as a local cultivar offering good model for a cereal crop has traits of resistance to drought and salinity during vegetative growth stages. Although Black was sensitive to salt stress during germination, it developed gradual tolerance with age and proved very tolerant during growth and development stages. The data of study clearly revealed how this cultivar was superior over Arivat (Hordeum vulgare L.) in many physiological aspects such as leaf growth variables (i.e. rate and duration) and processes (i.e. cell division), tiller production and potassium content. Black barley had more tillers, faster rate and longer duration of growth processes which was accompanied with potassium...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Black barley; Hordeum distichum L.; Cell division; Growth rate; Growth duration; Leaf growth; Arivat; Hordeum vulgare L.; Potassium; Salt stress.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202009000400002

Salinity effects on leaf ion composition and salt secretion rate in Avicennia germinans (L.) L.
Provedor de dados: 61
Autores: Suárez,Nathalie; Medina,Ernesto.
The effect of salinity on leaf water relations, and rate and ionic composition of leaf secretion was investigated in plants of Avicennia germinans growing under controlled salinity conditions. Increases in salinity from 0 to 940 mol NaCl m-3 reduced the predawn water potential from -0.56 to -4.16 MPa and the solute potential from -2.27 to -4.48 MPa, whereas the pressure potential remained positive in all treatments. Compared to the control, at 940 mol NaCl m-3 Na+ and Cl- concentrations of leaf sap increased 19 and 7 times, respectively. With the addition of salt the main ions accumulated in leaves were Na+ and Cl- whereas plants grown without salt accumulated K+ in leaves at levels similar to those of Na+ with salt treatments. Secretion rates of Na+ and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ion concentration; Mangroves; Na+/K+ ratio; Salt stress; Water relations.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202008000200005

Increased Growth and Changes in Wheat Mineral Composition through Calcium Silicate Fertilization under Normal and Saline Field Conditions
Provedor de dados: 117
Autores: Anser,Ali; Basra,Shahzad M.A; Hussain,Safdar; Iqbal,Javaid.
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Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Salt stress; Silicon; Wheat growth; K+:Na+; Water potential; Stomatal conductance.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392012000100016

Long term salinity stress in relation to lipid peroxidation, super oxide dismutase activity and proline content of salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant wheat cultivars
Provedor de dados: 117
Autores: Borzouei,Azam; Kafi,Mohammad; Akbari-Ghogdi,Elahe; Mousavi-Shalmani,MirAhmad.
Salinity is a widespread root medium problem limiting productivity of cereal crops worldwide. The ability of plants to tolerate salt is determined by multiple biochemical pathways that facilitate retention and/or acquisition of water, protect chloroplast functions, and maintain ion homeostasis. Therefore, the ability of salt-sensitive ('Tajan') and salt-tolerant cultivar ('Bam') of Triticum aestivum L. to adapt to a saline environment were evaluated in a set of greenhouse experiments under salt stress during three growth stages (tillering, 50% anthesis, and 10 d after anthesis). Plants were irrigated by different saline waters with electrical conductivities of 1.3, 6, 8, 10, and 12 dS m-1, which were obtained by adding NaCl:CaCl2 in 10:1 molar ratio to...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Triticum aestivum; Salt stress; NaCl; Malondialdehyde.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392012000400003

BSA and molecular markers screening for salt stress tolerant mutant of Petunia obtained in in vitro culture
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Krupa-Małkiewicz,Marcelina; Bienias,Anna.
ABSTRACT: In this study, we performed BSA to identify genetic markers linked to salt tolerance. We tested the genetic diversity among four bulked DNA samples of EMS induced mutant clones and one bulked DNA sample of non-mutated clone of Petunia for salt tolerance in in vitro callus cultures using RAPD and ISSR markers. Out of the 36 RAPD and 16 ISSR primers identified, 25 and 13 were effectively used to amplify genomic DNA of all the five bulked samples, respectively. In total, 114 RAPD amplifications products were obtained, of which 28% were polymorphic and 2% were genotype-specific bands. Out of the 64 ISSR amplification products obtained, 51% were polymorphic and 1% was genotype-specific bands. Results of this study indicated the existence of two...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bulk segregant analysis; Chemical mutagenesis; ISSR; RAPD; Petunia × atkinsiana D. Don; Salt stress; Tissue culture.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782018001200400

Growth and yield of cowpea/sunflower crop rotation under different irrigationm anagement strategies with saline water
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Neves,Antônia Leila Rocha; Lacerda1,Claudivan Feitosa de; Sousa1,Carlos Henrique Carvalho de; Silva1,Francisco Leandro Barbosa da; Gheyi2,Hans Raj; Ferreira1,Francisco Jardelson; Filho,Francisco Luciano Andrade.
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of management strategies of irrigation with saline water on growth and yield of cowpea and sunflower in a crop rotation. The experiment was conducted in randomized blocks with thirteen treatments and five replications. The treatments consisted of: T1 (control), T2, T3 and T4 using water of 0.5 (A1), 2.2 (A2), 3.6 (A3) and 5.0 (A4) dS m-1, respectively, during the entire crop cycle; T5, T6 and T7, use of A2, A3 and A4 water, respectively, only in the flowering and fructification stage of the crop cycle; using different water in a cyclic way, six irrigations with A1 followed by six irrigations with A2 (T8), A3 (T9) and A4, (T10), respectively; T11, T12 and T13, using water A2, A3 and A4, respectively, starting at 11...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Salt stress; Vigna unguiculata; Helianthus annuus.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782015000500814