Consulta: subjectFacets:"Epidemiology"
Registros recuperados: 316
Data/hora: 08/06/2024 11:34:27

Detección, dispersión y muestreo en la erradicación del Citrus Tristeza Virus en plantaciones comerciales de cítricos
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Ruiz García, Noé.
La dispersión espacio-temporal del Citrus tristeza virus se caracterizó en Tamaulipas de  diciembre de 2001 a marzo de 2004, en 11 huertos comerciales de naranja dulce injerta-  dos en naranjo agrio. Adicionalmente, se comparó el desempeño de la técnica serológica  inmunoimpresión-ELISA con respecto a DAS-ELISA propuesta en la normatividad ofi-  cial mexicana de la Campaña Nacional contra CTV. El objetivo fue proporcionar bases  epidemiológicas e incorporar criterios de diagnóstico viral en una propuesta de muestreo  con fines de erradicación. Inmunoimpresión-ELISA fue tan confiable (97.8 %) como  DAS-ELISA en identificar árboles positivos, siendo 54.9% más económica e implicó solo  una sexta parte del tiempo de procesado. La detectabilidad en impresiones...
Tipo: Tesis
Palavras-chave: Citrus tristeza virus; Serología; Muestreo; Vectores; Epidemiología; Doctorado; Fitopatología; Fitopatología; Serology; Sampling; Vectors; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1348

Detección, disperción y muestreo en la erradicación del Citrus Tristeza Virus en plantaciones comerciales de cítricos
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Ruiz García, Noé.
La dispersión espacio-temporal del Citrus tristeza virus se caracterizó en Tamaulipas de  diciembre de 2001 a marzo de 2004, en 11 huertos comerciales de naranja dulce injerta-  dos en naranjo agrio. Adicionalmente, se comparó el desempeño de la técnica serológica  inmunoimpresión-ELISA con respecto a DAS-ELISA propuesta en la normatividad ofi-  cial mexicana de la Campaña Nacional contra CTV. El objetivo fue proporcionar bases  epidemiológicas e incorporar criterios de diagnóstico viral en una propuesta de muestreo  con fines de erradicación. Inmunoimpresión-ELISA fue tan confiable (97.8 %) como  DAS-ELISA en identificar árboles positivos, siendo 54.9% más económica e implicó solo  una sexta parte del tiempo de procesado. La detectabilidad en impresiones...
Tipo: Tesis
Palavras-chave: Citrus tristeza virus; Serología; Muestreo; Vectores; Epidemiología Citrus tristeza virus; Serology; Sampling; Vectors; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1020

Progreso temporal y manejo integrado de la moniliais [Moniliophthora roreri (Cif y Par.) Evans et al.] del cacao (Theobroma cacao) en Tabasco, México.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Torres de la Cruz, Magdiel.
El cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) es uno de los principales recursos agrícolas de Tabasco, México. En abril del 2005, se reportó la moniliasis (Moniliophthora roreri) del cacao en Tabasco; para 2007, la enfermedad había invadido todas las regiones productoras del estado, convirtiéndose en la principal limitante parasítica. En la presente investigación se estudió el progreso temporal de la moniliasis en Tabasco, se evaluó al azoxystrobin como agente curativo de M. roreri, y evaluó un programa de manejo integrado. El progreso temporal se obtuvo por estimación del porcentaje de frutos enfermos en tres ritmos productivos en el ciclo de producción 2008-09. M. roreri se identificó morfológica y molecularmente (numero de acceso GenBank: GU108605). El azoxystrobin fue...
Palavras-chave: Epidemiología; Frosty pod rot; Manejo integrado; Control químico; Efecto curativo; Epidemiology; Moniliasis; Integrated crop management; Chemical control; Curative effect; Doctorado; Fitopatología.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/146

Progreso temporal y manejo integrado de la moniliais [Moniliophthora roreri (Cif y Par.) Evans et al.] del cacao (Theobroma cacao) en Tabasco, México.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Torres de la Cruz, Magdiel.
El cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) es uno de los principales recursos agrícolas de Tabasco, México. En abril del 2005, se reportó la moniliasis (Moniliophthora roreri) del cacao en Tabasco; para 2007, la enfermedad había invadido todas las regiones productoras del estado, convirtiéndose en la principal limitante parasítica. En la presente investigación se estudió el progreso temporal de la moniliasis en Tabasco, se evaluó al azoxystrobin como agente curativo de M. roreri, y evaluó un programa de manejo integrado. El progreso temporal se obtuvo por estimación del porcentaje de frutos enfermos en tres ritmos productivos en el ciclo de producción 2008-09. M. roreri se identificó morfológica y molecularmente (numero de acceso GenBank: GU108605). El azoxystrobin fue...
Palavras-chave: Epidemiología; Frosty pod rot; Manejo integrado; Control químico; Efecto curativo; Epidemiology; Moniliasis; Integrated crop management; Chemical control; Curative effect; Doctorado; Fitopatología.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/146

Distribución espacial y factores de riesgo asociados a la leptospirosis bovina en Veracruz, México.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Cruz Romero, Anabel.
Los objetivos de esta investigación fueron determinar la distribución espacial e identificar los factores de riesgo asociados a la leptospirosis bovina en el estado de Veracruz, México. Se obtuvieron muestras de sangre de 3,454 bovinos de 54 municipios de las regiones Norte, Centro y Sur del estado, de febrero 2008 a diciembre de 2011. Los sueros se analizaron por medio de la técnica de aglutinación microscópica utilizando 12 serovariedades de Leptospira interrogans, se estimaron las seroprevalencias y los factores de riesgo. La seroprevalencia general fue del 3.9%; sin embargo, entre municipios varió de 0 y 44%. La mayoría de las UP con casos positivos se encontraron en la zona centro de Veracruz, y en los  municipios de Cuitláhuac, Papantla, Tlacotalpan...
Palavras-chave: Estudio transversal; Bovinos; Serología; Epidemiología; Cross-sectional study; Bovines; Serology; Epidemiology; Agroecosistemas Tropicales; Doctorado.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/2336

The Mathematical Biology of Human Infections
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Nowak, Martin A; Institute for Advanced Study; nowak@ias.edu.
Humans are constant victims of infectious diseases. Biomedical research during this century has led to important insights into the molecular details of immune defense. Yet, many questions relating to disease require a quantitative understanding of the complex systems that arise from the nonlinear interactions between populations of immune cells and infectious agents. Exploration of such questions has lead to a newly emerging field of mathematical biology describing the spread of infectious agents both within and between infected individuals. This essay will discuss simple and complex models of evolution, and the propagation of virus and prion infections. Such models provide new perspectives for our understanding of infectious disease and provide guidelines...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: CTL response; HIV; Antivirals; Epidemiology; Immune response; Infectious diseases; Mathematical biology; Models of evolution; Prions; Resistance; Treatment; Viruses.
Ano: 1999

Public Health and Epidemiological Considerations For Avian Influenza Risk Mapping and Risk Assessment
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Dudley, Joseph P.; Joseph P. Dudley, Chief Scientist, Science Applications International Corporation, Modeling and Analysis Division; Research Associate, Institute of Arctic Biology-University of Alaska Fairbanks and Department of Earth Science-University of Alaska Museum; joseph.p.dudley@saic.com.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Avian influenza; Biosecurity; Epidemiology; Geographic distribution; Health; Risk assessment; Risk mapping.
Ano: 2008

Spatial distribution of canine Visceral Leishmaniasis in Ilha Solteira, São Paulo, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 70
Autores: Paulan,Silvana de C.; Silva,Hélio R.; Lima,Elizete A. C. de Freitas; Flores,Edílson F.; Tachibana,Vilma M.; Kanda,Cláudia Z.; Noronha Junior,Antonio C. F. de; Dobre,Paulo R.
Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is caused by protozoan of genus Leishmania and transmitted by sand flies of genus Lutzomyia, which has been adapted to the peridomicile environment where dogs are their mainly food source, increasing the risk for human cases. In this study, techniques of geoprocessing and spatial statistics were utilized as a contribution to understanding the epidemiological dynamics of VL in the urban area of Ilha Solteira, SP.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Geoprocessing; Sand fly; Epidemiology; Spatial statistics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162012000400016

Relative frequency and estimated minimal frequency of Lysosomal Storage Diseases in Brazil: Report from a Reference Laboratory
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Giugliani,Roberto; Federhen,Andressa; Michelin-Tirelli,Kristiane; Riegel,Mariluce; Burin,Maira.
Abstract Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) comprise a heterogeneous group of more than 50 genetic conditions of inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) caused by a defect in lysosomal function. Although there are screening tests for some of these conditions, diagnosis usually depends on specific enzyme assays, which are only available in a few laboratories around the world. A pioneer facility for the diagnosis of IEM and LSDs was established in the South of Brazil in 1982 and has served as a reference service since then. Over the past 34 years, samples from 72,797 patients were referred for investigation of IEM, and 3,211 were confirmed as having an LSD (4.41%, or 1 in 22), with 3,099 of these patients originating from Brazil. The rate of diagnosis has increased...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Lysosomal storage diseases; Epidemiology; Reference center; Biochemical genetics; Brazil.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572017000100031

Molecular variability in the maize grey leaf spot pathogens in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Brunelli,Kátia R.; Dunkle,Larry D.; Sobrinho,Cândido A.; Fazza,Ana C.; Camargo,Luis E. A.
Isolates of  Cercospora  species from leaves displaying symptoms of grey leaf spot were collected in maize-producing areas of south-central Brazil in 2001 and 2002. Restriction digests of the internal transcribed spacer region of rDNA detected the presence of the same two  Cercospora  species described on maize in the United States, namely  C. zeae-maydis  and the recently described species,  C. zeina . Genetic variability among isolates was assessed by analysing 104 amplified fragment length polymorphism loci. Cluster analysis confirmed the genetic separation of isolates into two species with a mean similarity of 35%. Similarity levels within species were high, averaging 93% and 92% among isolates of  C. zeae-maydis  and  C. zeina , respectively. The mean...
Palavras-chave: Cercospora zeae-maydis; Cercospora zeina; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572008000500022

Septoria leaf spot in organic tomatoes under diverse irrigation systems and water management strategies
Provedor de dados: 75
Autores: Cabral,Ricardo N; Marouelli,Waldir A; Lage,Daniel AC; Café-Filho,Adalberto C.
The objective of this study was to analyze the temporal progress of septoria leaf spot of tomato, caused by Septoria lycopersici, in different irrigation systems. The experiment was carried out in an organic farming system, in a randomized block design with three replicates. Six irrigation systems were evaluated: GO1L: one drip-line per row of plants; GO2L: two drip-lines; SU: furrow; MIsub: microsprinkler below plant canopy; MIalta: microsprinkler above plant canopy; AS: overhead sprinkler irrigation. Water management strategies varied with soil moisture tensions. Irrigation by drip systems was carried out when soil water tensions reached 15-30 kPa (high moisture), whereas for SU the trigger soil tension was 30-60 kPa (moderate moisture). All other...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Solanum lycopersicum; Septoria lycopersici; Organic agriculture; Fresh-market tomato; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-05362013000300009

Diagrammatic scale to assess downy mildew severity in melon
Provedor de dados: 75
Autores: Michereff,Sami J; Noronha,Marissônia A; Lima,Gaus SA; Albert,Ígor CL; Melo,Edilaine A; Gusmão,Luciana O.
The downy mildew, caused by Pseudoperonospora cubensis, is an important melon disease in Northeast Brazil. Considering the lack of standard methods for its assessment, a diagrammatic scale was developed with 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 82, and 96% of affected leaf area. The scale was then checked for its accuracy, precision, and reproducibility in estimating downy mildew severity. The diagrammatic scale was validated by eight disease raters; using 50 leaves with different severity levels, previously measured using the software Assess®. Two evaluations were performed on the same set of leaves, but in a different sequence order, by the same raters, within a 15-day interval. The accuracy and precision of each rater was determined by simple linear regression between...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cucumis melo; Pseudoperonospora cubensis; Foliar disease; Epidemiology; Phytopatometry.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-05362009000100015

Survey and prevalence of species causing Alternaria leaf spots on brassica species in Pernambuco
Provedor de dados: 75
Autores: Michereff,Sami J; Noronha,Marissônia A; Xavier Filha,Maria S; Câmara,Marcos PS; Reis,Ailton.
Brassicaceae family comprises plant species that are very important as vegetable crops, such as the species complex Brassica oleracea and Brassica rapa. Alternaria brassicicola and A. brassicae are among the most important pathogens of Brassicaceae causing Alternaria leaf spot disease. The occurrence and prevalence of Alternaria species causing leaf spots in brassica crops in Pernambuco was acessed, as well as the existence of a possible preference by vegetable host for these pathogens. Twenty-eight fields were surveyed in the Agreste region of Pernambuco state, in the 2005 and 2006 growing seasons. In each year, 10 Chinese cabbage, six cabbage, six cauliflower and six broccoli fields were visited. In each field, 50 leaves showing at least five lesions...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Brassica oleracea; Brassica rapa; Alternaria brassicae; A. brassicicola; Etiology; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-05362012000200027

Epidemiologia da vassoura-de-bruxa (Crinipellis perniciosa) do cupuaçuzeiro.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: GASPAROTTO, L.; PEREIRA, J. C. R.; COSTA, M. M. da; PEREIRA, M. C. N.
Determinacao dos periodos mais favoraveis a ocorrencia da vassoura-de-bruxa, envolvendo a fenologia do hospedeiro e as condicoes climaticas de Manaus-AM (Brasil).
Tipo: Outras publicações técnicas (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Vassoura-de-bruxa; Brasil; Amazonas; Manaus; Fungal diseases.; Crinipellis Perniciosa; Cupuaçu; Fenologia; Doença; Epidemiologia; Folha; Fungo; Hospedeiro; Theobroma Grandiflorum.; Epidemiology; Leaves; Hosts; Phenology.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/669823

Epidemiologia e controle de helmintos gastrintestinais em bovinos de corte nos Cerrados.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: BIANCHIN, I.; MELO, H. J. H. de.
Apresenta-se uma revisão dos conhecimentos sobre a epidemiologia e controle de helmintos gastrintestinais em bovinos de corte na região de cerrado. Os tópicos discutidos incluem as prevalências das espécies, ciclo evolutivo, larvas infectantes nas pastagens, dados de ovos por grama de fezes (OPG), dinâmica das populações de helmintos, hipobiose, interação, dulcificações estratégicas e uso de anti-helmínticos em animais em confinamento.
Tipo: Circular Técnica (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Bovino de corte; Controle; Sanidade; Calf; Control; Health.; Bezerro; Cerrado; Epidemiologia.; Beef cattle; Epidemiology; Helminths.
Ano: 1985
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/316900

Brucelose e tuberculose bovina: epidemiologia, controle e diagnóstico.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: ALMEIDA, R. F. C. de; SOARES, C. O.; ARAÚJO, F. R. de.
Cap. 1: Brucelose bovina: epidemiologia e controle. Cap. 2: Brucelose bovina: diagnóstico. Cap. 3: Tuberculose bovina: epidemiologia e controle. Cap. 4: Tiberculose bovina: diagnóstico.
Tipo: Livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Controle; Diagnosis; Control.; Bovino; Brucelose; Diagnostico; Doença Animal; Epidemiologia; Sanidade Animal; Tuberculose.; Animal health; Animal diseases; Epidemiology; Brucellosis; Cattle; Tuberculosis.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/325789

Distribuição e severidade da malformação da mangueira no cerrado do Brasil Central.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: ANJOS, J. de R. N. dos; CHARCHAR, M. J. d'A.; PINTO, A. C. de Q.
bitstream/CPAC-2009/24680/1/doc_53.pdf
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Fusarium sacchari; Controle; Plant disease; Mango; Patogenicity.; Doença de Planta; Epidemiologia; Fungo; Malformação; Manga; Mangifera Indica; Patogenicidade.; Epidemiology; Disease control; Fungi.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/559182

Fatores eco-epidemiológicos na vigilância e monitoramento sanitário de suídeos asselvajados e protocolo de investigação para uma abordagem participativa.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: SILVA, V. S.; TREVISOL, I. M.; KRAMER, B.; COLDEBELLA, A.
Tipo: Livros
Palavras-chave: Suíno Selvagem; Suídeos Asselvajados; Wild Pig; Wild Suids; Aspectos populacionais; Fatores ambientais; Sustentabilidade; Preservação da biodiversidade; Preservation of biodiversity; Javali; Sus Scrofa Domesticus; Epidemiologia; Doença Animal; Sanidade Animal; Ecossistema; Meio Ambiente; Boars; Sus scrofa; Epidemiology; Animal diseases; Animal health; Wild boars; Wild animals; Environmental factors; Environmental sustainability; Ecosystems.
Ano: 2022
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1152080

Epidemiologia dos nematodeos gastrintestinais em bovinos de corte nos cerrados e o controle estrategico no Brasil.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: BIANCHIN, I.
bitstream/item/104625/1/Epidemiologia-dos-nematodeos.pdf
Tipo: Circular Técnica (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Bovino de corte; Nematodeo gastrintestinal; Controle; Aspecto economico; Rio Grande do Sul; Santa Catarina; Brasil; Brazilian savannas; Economic situation; Therapy.; Cerrado; Epidemiologia; Pesquisa; Tratamento.; Pantanal; Beef cattle; Epidemiology; Brazil; Nematode control; Research.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/316836

Processo especializado de descoberta de conhecimento em bases de dados para a modelagem de doenças de plantas - versão 1.0.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: MEIRA, C. A. A.
Descoberta de conhecimento em bases de dados. A metodologia CRISP-DM. Processo especializado de descoberta de conhecimento em bases de dados para a modelagem de doenças de plantas.
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Mineração de dados; Banco de dados; Modelagem; Data mining.; Doença de planta; Epidemiologia.; Plant diseases and disorders; Epidemiology; Databases; Models.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/951536

Anemia infecciosa equina: epizootiologia, prevencao e controle no Pantanal.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: SILVA, R. A. M. S.; ABREU, U. G. P. de; BARROS, A. T. M. de.
Os equideos sao ferramentas de trabalho essenciais a mais importante atividade economica do Pantanal - a pecuaria de corte, a qual e desenvolvida extensivamente na regiao. A Anemia Infecciosa Equina (AIE), conhecida mundialmente como Febre-do-pantano, e considerada uma das principais doencas que acometem equideos no Pantanal. Durante seis anos, entre 1990 e 1995, a Embrapa Pantanal conduziu pesquisas sobre a AIE na regiao, as quais envolveram 28 fazendas e 3.285 equinos. Estudos epizootiologicos permitiram a obtencao de um perfil de prevalencia da AIE em equinos, em relacao ao sexo, idade e manejo. Tambem, estudos sobre vetores (mutucas) incluiram o levantamento e sazonalidade de especies, definicao das epocas de maior risco de transmissao e aspectos da...
Tipo: Circular Técnica (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Equino; AIE; Anemia infecciosa equina; Controle; Horse; Disease; Control.; Doença; Epidemiologia; Profilaxia.; Brazil; Equidae; Epidemiology; Equine infectious anemia.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/807376

Oil palm fatal yellowing (FY), a disease with an elusive causal agent.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: BITTENCOURT, C. B.; LINS, P. de C.; BOARI, A. de J.; QUIRINO, B. F.; TEIXEIRA, W. G.; SOUZA JUNIOR, M. T.
Abstract: Fatal yellowing disease (FY) is a bud rot-type disease that severely affects oil palm plantations in Latin America. Since 1974, when it was first reported in Brazil, this disorder has been responsible for severe economic losses in the oil palm industry; and, for nearly 50 years, several studies have tried to identify its causal agent, without success. The etiological studies regarding FY in oil palm explored either biotic and abiotic stress scenarios, in a single or combined manner. Most recently, the hypothesis in favor of one biotic cause has lost some grounds to the abiotic one, mainly due to new insights regarding deficient aeration in the soil, which reduces the potential for oxy-reduction, causing changes in the ionic composition of the...
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Amarelecimento letal; Fatal yellowing; Dendê; Epidemiology; Palm oils; Abiotic stress; Biotic stress; Etiology; Elaeis; Tropical agriculture.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1135533

Considerações sobre o R0 da Anemia Infecciosa Equina a partir dos agentes infecciosos inseto-vetor "Mutuca" e "seringas contaminadas".
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: ROSSI, M.; TERNES, S.; NOGUEIRA, M. F.
Este texto tem como objetivo apresentar e discutir o R0 referente aos dois modelos matemáticos desenvolvidos no âmbito do projeto ?Anemia Infecciosa Equina no Pantanal brasileiro: Caracterização do agente, diagnóstico molecular, avaliação de práticas de manejo e modelagem quantitativa?, sob a liderança da Embrapa Pantanal.
Tipo: Comunicado Técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Anemia infecciosa equina; Epidemiologia matemática; Epidemiologia; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1037354

Mastite: epidemiologia e controle.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: DIAS, J. A.; BRITO, M. A. V. P. e; SOUZA, G. N. de.
Este capítulo tem o objetivo de apresentar as formas de manifestação da mastite bovina, os métodos de diagnóstico e as medidas de prevenção e controle.
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Mastite; Doença Animal; Mamite; Epidemiologia; Controle Ambiental; Cattle diseases; Bovine mastitis; Epidemiology; Control methods.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1126175

Epidemiologia do mal-das-folhas e da requeima da seringueira. I. Metodologia de avaliação.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: ALMEIDA, L. C. C. de; PEREIRA, J. C. R.; SANTOS, A. F. dos.
Metodologia de avaliação dos fatores bióticos e abióticos para entendimento do início e desenvolvimento do mal-das-folhas e da requeima da seringueira.
Tipo: Comunicado Técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Mal-das-folhas; Brasil; Bahia; Rubber tree; Fungal diseases; South American leaf blight; SALB.; Epidemiologia; Doença; Espécie; Folha; Hevea; Microcyclus Ulei; Phytophthora; Seringueira.; Epidemiology; Leaves.
Ano: 1985
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/665014

Câncro bacteriano da videira, causado por Xanthomonas campestris pv viticola - epidemiologia e manejo.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: LIMA, M. F.
Este trabalho tem como objetivo divulgar informações sobre o cancro bacteriano da videira, causado por X. campestris pv. viticola, assim como medidas para o seu manejo, no Polo de Irrigação Petrolina e Juazeiro no Submédio do Vale do São Francisco.
Tipo: Circular Técnica (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Agente causal; Vale do São Francisco.; Uva; Bactéria; Cancro Bacteriano; Epidemiologia; Doença; Manejo; Vitis Vinifera; Xanthomonas Campestris.; Epidemiology; Grapes.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/134209

O número básico de reprodução R0 na ecologia epidemiológica.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: ROSSI, M.; TERNES, S.
O objetivo deste trabalho é mostrar uma forma simples de obtenção da expressão do R0, partindo de um sistema de equações diferenciais que compõem um modelo epidemiológico, e calcular a estimativa do potencial de transmissão ou de alastramento de contágios de um patógeno.
Tipo: Comunicado Técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Epidemiologia matemática; Modelagem matemática; Doenças infecciosas; Transmissão de doenças.; Modelo matemático.; Reproducibility; Mathematical models; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1037865

Doenças da seringueira.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: GASPAROTTO, L.; FERREIRA, F. A.
Mal-das-folhas da seringueira: historico de ocorrencias e importancia economica, distribuicao geografica e hospedeiros. Microcyclus ulei: sintomatologia, isolamento, caracteristicas culturais e morfologicas, patogenicidade, variabilidade para virulencia a Hevea spp. e para resistencia ao mal-das-folhas. Ciclo do mal-das-folhas. Epidemiologia do mal-das-folhas. Controle: areas de escape, fungicidas, resistencia da planta, enxertia de copa.
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Mal-das-folhas; SALB; Morfologia; Ciclo; Virulencia; Brasil; Rubber tree; Fungal diseases; South American leaf blight; Geographic distribution; Host; Symptoms; Isolation methods; Morphology; Cicle; Resistance; Controle Químico; Distribuição Geográfica; Doença; Epidemiologia; Espécie; Folha; Fungo; Hevea; Hospedeiro; Isolamento; Microcyclus Ulei; Patogenicidade; Resistência; Seringueira; Sintoma; Chemical control; Epidemiology; Leaves; Pathogenicity; Virulence.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/667342

Dot-Blot: alternativa para o diagnóstico da artrite encefalite caprina (AEC).
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: PINHEIRO, R. R.; GOUVEIA, A. M. G.; OLORTEGUI, C. C.; ANDRIOLI, A.; ARAÚJO, S. C.
bitstream/item/26723/1/COT-57.pdf
Tipo: Comunicado Técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: CAE; Artrite encefalite caprina; Affinity choromatography; Dot-Blot; Immunoenzyme techniques.; Caprine arthritis encephalit virus; Caprino; Doença animal; Epidemiologia; Técnica imunoenzimática; ELISA; Goats; Lentivirus; Epidemiology; Disease control.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/528419

Estratégias para o controle de doenças do trigo.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: REIS, E. M.; FERNANDES, J. M. C.; PICININI, E. C.
Causas das principais doenças do trigo; Princípios fundamentais de epidemiologia; Conceitos; Fatores determinantes de doenças parasitárias; Predominância dos patógenos do trigo segundo as regiões tritícolas brasileiras; Classificação dos fungos patogênicos do trigo, segundo seus requerimentos nutricionais e suas implicações na sobrevivência e na estratégia de controle; Biotróficos; Necrotróficos; Fotos; Estratégias de controle; Rotação de culturas; Eliminação de plantas voluntárias; Eliminação de hospedeiros secundários; Uso de sementes sadias; Uso de cultivares resistentes; Uso de fungicidas; Conclusões.
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Disease.; Triticum; Chemical control; Epidemiology; Wheat.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/847293

Atualização sobre tricomonose genital bovina.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: PELLEGRIN, A. O.; LEITE, R. C.
A tricomonose é uma doença venérea de bovinos causada por um protozoário flagelado denominado Tritrichomonas foetus (T.foetus), cujo habitat é o trato genital de bovinos sendo transmitido do macho para a fêmea através da monta ou pelo uso de sêmen contaminado. O T.foetus é um protozoário de morfologia piriforme com três flagelos em posição cranial e um caudal, cujo tamanho oscila entre entre 8-18mm de comprimento e 4-9 de largura. Se caracteriza por possuir 4 flagelos, 3 deles são anteriores e livres e o 4o acompanha a membrana ondulante, que é perfeitamente visível quando em microscopia, localizando-se na parte posterior.
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Tricomonose genital bovina; Patogenia; Controle; Imunoprofilaxia; Bovine; Disease; Pathogeny; Diagnosis; Control.; Bovino; Diagnostico; Doença; Epidemiologia; Imunidade; Tratamento.; Epidemiology; Immunity.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/811109

Epidemiologia da vassoura-de-bruxa (Crinipellis perniciosa) do cupuacuzeiro (Theobroma grandiflorum).
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: GASPAROTTO, L.; PEREIRA, J. C. R.
Determinacao dos periodos mais favoraveis a ocorrencia da vassoura-de-bruxa, envolvendo a fenologia do hospedeiro, na esporulacao do fungo e nas condicoes climaticas de Manaus, AM (Brasil).
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Vassoura-de-bruxa; Brasil; Amazonas; Manaus; Fungal; Diseases.; Crinipellis Perniciosa; Cupuaçu; Epidemiologia; Fenologia; Doença; Folha; Fungo; Hospedeiro; Theobroma Grandiflorum.; Epidemiology; Leaves; Hosts; Phenology.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/670827

Estudo da epidemiologia da verrugose-do-maracujazeiro.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: SUSSEL, A. A. B.
bitstream/item/143224/1/bolpd-327.pdf
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Passion fruit; Plant diseases; Scab.; Maracujá; Verrugose; Fungo; Temperatura; Doença de Planta.; Epidemiology; Fungi.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1045362

Principais doencas da videira: etiologia, epidemiologia e manejo.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: LIMA, M. F.
Doenças causadas por fungos: Míldio iPlasmopara viticola (Berk. &amp; CU11is) Berrl &amp; de Toni); Oídio (l lncinula necator (Schw.) Buril - Oidtutn tuckeri Berk); Antracnose (Elsinoe ampelina (de Bary) Shear - Sphaceloma ampelinttm de Bary); Mofo cinzento (Botryüs cinerea Pers.). Doenças causadas por bactérias: Cancro bacteriano (Xanthonionas campestris pv. vtticola Nayudu); Calhas {Awohacteri1l111 tuntcfasciens (FF' Sniith &amp; Touwusend) Conn.}. Doenças causadas por virus: Vírus do enrolamento da folha da videira (Gr'apevine lenfroll vinis); Vírus da folha em leque ou dos entreuôs curtos da videira (Grapeviue fanleafvirus); Vírus do intumescimento dos ramos da videira (Grapevine corky bark disease); Doença das caneluras do tronco da videira (Grapevine...
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Diseases; Management; Epidemiologia; Doença; Manejo; Uva; Vitis Vinifera; Epidemiology; Grapes.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/134102

Molecular epidemiology of Vibrio nigripulchritudo, a pathogen of cultured penaeid shrimp (Litopenaeus stylirostris) in New Caledonia
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Goarant, Cyrille; Reynaud, Yann; Ansquer, Dominique; De Decker, Sophie; Saulnier, Denis; Leroux, Frederique.
A collection of 57 isolates of Vibrio nigripulchritudo from either diseased or healthy shrimp and from shrimp farms environment was studied in order to gain a better understanding of the epidemiology of this pathogen, notably isolated from two distinct shrimp disease complexes. Molecular typing using two different techniques, arbitrarily primed PCR (AP-PCR) and multi-locus sequence typing (MLST), studied together with experimental pathology data allowed a relevant epidemiological insight into this possibly emerging pathogen. Additionally, results obtained with the two molecular typing techniques were congruent and allowed discriminating the strains associated with the "Summer Syndrome" from strains isolated from other contexts, especially the other shrimp...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Virulence; Epidemiology; Typing; MLST; AP PCR; Mariculture; Vibriosis.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1913.pdf

"Summer Syndrome" in Litopenaeus stylirostris in New Caledonia: Pathology and epidemiology of the etiological agent, Vibrio nigripulchritudo
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Goarant, Cyrille; Ansquer, Dominique; Herlin, Jose; Domalain, David; Imbert, Frederic; De Decker, Sophie.
The Summer Syndrome is a new shrimp disease that has been affecting a shrimp growout farm in New Caledonia since end of 1997. It was recognized to be caused by a systemic vibriosis due to Vibrio nigripulchritudo. This new disease turned out almost immediately enzootic in the shrimp farm involved and has affected all its crops ever since. Since the year 2000, V. nigripulchritudo strains have been found in several shrimp farms, although Summer Syndrome is still limited to one particular area, affecting, since 2003, two adjoining farms. As part of a multidisciplinary research program, a high-frequency survey was carried out during the summer 2002-2003 in two shrimp farms: one affected farm and another one in which pathogenic strains could be isolated but...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Vibrio; Diseases and their control; Shrimp.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1110.pdf

Detection of multiple noroviruses associated with an international gastroenteritis outbreak linked to oyster consumption
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Guyader, Soizick; Bon, Fabienne; Demedici, Dario; Parnaudeau, Sylvain; Bertone, Alessandra; Crudeli, Silvia; Doyle, Aoife; Zidane, Mohamed; Suffredini, Elisabetta; Kohli E, Evelyne; Maddalo, Francesco; Monini, Marina; Gallay, Anne; Pommepuy, Monique; Pothier, Pierre; Ruggeri, Franco M.
An international outbreak linked to oyster consumption involving a group of over 200 people in Italy and 127 total subjects in 13 smaller clusters in France was analyzed using epidemiological and clinical data and shellfish samples. Environmental information from the oyster-producing area, located in a lagoon in southern France, was collected to investigate the possible events leading to the contamination. Virologic analyses were conducted by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) using the same primer sets for both clinical and environmental samples. After sequencing, the data were analyzed through the database operated by the scientific network FoodBorne Viruses in Europe. The existence of an international collaboration between laboratories was critical to...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Seafood; Contamination; Norovirus; Epidemiology; Virology; Oyster.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-2096.pdf

Le concept de biosécurité en pisciculture marine : prévention de l'encéphalite virale chez l'ombrine subtropicale (Sciaenops ocellatus) en Martinique
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Adee, Fabrice.
In 1985, red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) was introduced in Martinique in arder to replace sea bass fish farming. Nodavirus antibodies were detected in the broodstock at the IFREMER station in Robert. Nodavirus is responsible for viral nervous necrosis, a disease that is spreading quickly in worlwide marine aquaculture. A biosecurity process was initiated at the Robert hatchery to select seronegative breeders and produce nodavirus free larvae. This process, based on a serological follow-up of fish antibodies by ELISA, allowed a reduction of the number of seropositive fish. A complementary serological study revealed a low incidence of nodavirus contamination in nodavirus free larvae placed in sea cages on different production sites
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Nodavirus; Encéphalite virale; Sérologie; Ombrine subtropicale; Epidemiologie; Aquaculture; Nodavirus; Viral nervous necrosis; Serology; Red drum; Epidemiology; Aquaculture.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00446/55734/57386.pdf

Recommendations for evaluation of the health status in cultured and wild shellfish: Perkinsus olseni infestation in clams as an example
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Miossec, Laurence; Arzul, Isabelle; Garcia, Celine; Soudant, Philippe; Francois, Cyrille; Leite, R. B.; Cancela, M. L.; De Blas, I.
Infectious diseases in exploited shellfish population cause economical problems world-wide. The characteristics of the disease in the population -i.e. origin, frequency, distribution, development- need to be well known to set up appropriate measures for protection and restoration of shellfish population health. The investigation of disease in a population is the basis of epidemiology. Quantitative investigations include studies, survey, surveillance with specific sampling strategies according to the objectives. European clams (Ruditapes decussatus) and Manila clams (Ruditapes philippinarum), two commercially valuable species, are infected by the protozoan Perkinsus olseni. This pathogen has been associated with epizootic outbreaks involving in heavy...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Recommendations; Epidemiology; Aquatic animal diseases; Pathology; Perkinsus olseni.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/acte-3326.pdf

La bonamiose de l' huître plate Ostrea edulis. Bilan des connaissances actuelles, analyse des données collectées en France de 1989 à 2004, mesures de lutte et perspectives
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Blanchet, Estelle.
Bonamiosis, favoured by change of temperature and stress, causes mortalities in the adult flat oyster Ostrea edulis in the majority of European oyster farmers. The life cycle of this Haplosporidia protozoan Bonamia ostreae is unknown, it is not dttectable during the five mon th latent period. Because of the Jack of sensibility of reference techniques, histology and tissue smear, further use of PCR assays or HCM-CC, in particular, is recommended. Analysis of data collected in France from 1989 to 2004 shows the absence of simple prediction methods and an apparent cyclicity of the disease. Transfer restriction and control of boat hulls can protect uninfected areas. Reducing stress and density, commercialising earlier can limit losses in infected areas. The...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bivalve; Bonamia ostreae; Epidémiologie; Haplosporidia; Huître plate; Lutte; Ostrea edulis; Protozoaire; Surveillance; Bonamia ostreae; Control; Epidemiology; Flat oyster; Haplosporidia; Ostrea edulis; Protozoan; Survey.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00451/56235/57795.pdf

DIPNET - A European project to evaluate disease interactions and pathogen exchange between farmed and wild aquatic animal population fish, shellfish and crustaceans
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Miossec, Laurence; Garseth, A. H.; Midtlyng, P. J.; Raynard, R.; Peeler, E.; De Bals, I.
DIPNET (Disease Interaction and Pathogen exchange Network) is a co-ordination action funded under the UE Framework programme 6 priority 8 Scientific Support to Policy (SSP). The principal objective of DIPNET is to increase scientific knowledge of the potential transfer of pathogens and diseases between wild and farmed fish and shellfish populations. DIPNET started in October 2004 and is a 2 year project. The project is organized in four work packages. Work package (WP) 1 is focused on a literature review of disease interactions and pathogen exchange between farm and wild aquatic animals. This analysis includes both published and unpublished literature. The work covers a wide range of habitats and species within Europe and, where relevant, world-wide. WP1...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: DIPNET; Crustaceans; Shellfish; Fish; Epidemiology; Risk assessment; Diseases; Transfer of pathogens.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/acte-3325.pdf

Distribution, prevalence, and genetic analysis of Panulirus argus virus 1 (PaV1) from the Caribbean Sea
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Moss, Jessica; Behringer, Donald; Shields, Jeffrey D.; Baeza, Antonio; Aguilar-perera, Alfonso; Bush, Phillippe G.; Dromer, Clement; Herrera-moreno, Alejandro; Gittens, Lester; Matthews, Thomas R.; Mccord, Michael R.; Schaerer, Michelle T.; Reynal, Lionel; Truelove, Nathanial; Butler, Mark J.
The pathogenic virus Panulirus argus virus 1 (PaV1) was first discovered in Caribbean spiny lobsters Panulirus argus from the Florida Keys (USA) in 1999 and has since been reported in Belize, Mexico, and Cuba; its distribution in the wider Caribbean is unknown. We collected tissue samples from adult spiny lobsters from 30 locations in 14 countries bordering the Caribbean Sea and used molecular diagnostics to assay for the presence of PaV1. PaV1 occurred primarily in the northern areas of the Caribbean, where its prevalence was highest. The virus was not found in lobsters from the southeastern Caribbean, and its prevalence was lowest in the southwestern Caribbean. DNA sequence analysis was performed on a fragment of the viral DNA to examine the genetic...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Spiny lobster; Disease; Epidemiology; Connectivity.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00144/25503/23698.pdf

Comparative analysis of Vibrio splendidus-related strains isolated during Crassostrea gigas mortality events
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Roux, Frédérique; Gay, Melanie; Lambert, Christian; Waechter, Magali; Poubalanne, Saravanne; Chollet, Bruno; Nicolas, Jean-louis; Berthe, Franck.
French mollusc production is based mainly on the Pacific cupped oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Since 1991, annual mass mortality of juveniles has been reported during summer months. These recurring episodes concern professionals who fear that like Portugese oyster, C. angulata, C gigas could in turn disappear following one of these epizooties. Previously, bacteriological analysis of moribund oyster juveniles yielded an isolate of a Vibrio splendidus biovar H strain, named TNEMF6. This isolate was demonstrated to be pathogenic to Crassostrea gigas spat by experimental challenge. To study the association between summer oyster mortality and presence of TNEMF6 cluster strains, Vibrionaceae fauna were isolated from infected spat along the French Atlantic coast...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Vibrio splendidus; Virulence; Epidemiology; PCR RFLP; Oyster mortality.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2002/publication-565.pdf

Relance de l'huître plate. Rapport d'avancement des travaux. Année 1992
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Martin, Anne-genevieve.
A revival program for the European flat oyster Ostrea edulis was initiated in Brittany in 1984 and funded by regional and national agencies. Since then, the research programs were carried out and the 1992 results are presented in this report. Disease status and spat settlement trends are described within each breeding area as well as advances in management practices and genetic research.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bivalves; Ostrea edulis; Bonamia ostreae; Marteilia refringens; Epidemiologie; Pathologie; Génétique; Echantillonnage; Elevage; Shellfish; Ostrea edulis; Bonamia ostreae; Marteilia refringens; Epidemiology; Pathology; Genetic; Sampling; Breeding.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00427/53823/54814.pdf

Relance de l'huître plate, Ostrea edulis. Bilan des travaux réalisés en 1993
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Martin, Anne-genevieve.
A revival program for the European flat oyster Ostrea edulis was initiated in Brittany in 1984 and funded by regional and national agencies. Since then, the research programs were carried out and the 1993 results are presented in this report. Disease status and spat settlement trends are described within each breeding area as weil as advances in genetic research.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bivalves; Ostrea edulis; Bonamia ostreae; Marteilia refringens; Epidemiologie; Pathologie; Génétique; Echantillonnage; Elevage; Bivalves; Ostrea edulis; Bonamia ostreae; Marteilia refringens; Epidemiology; Pathology; Genetic; Sampling; Breeding.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00427/53822/54813.pdf

Presence of Salmonella in shellfish in the Thau lagoon
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Angeli, J.
After a general presentation of the Thau lagoon together with its geographic location, socio-economic activities linked to shellfish culture and fishing, this paper investigates the health conditions of the shellfish harvesting areas. I he influence of heavy rainfall following a prolonged drought period is underlined as a determining factor of the momentary bacterial pollution in the harvesting areas, leading to a suspension of sales based on analyses relying solely on the detection of faecal coliforms. As of 1989, bacteriological monitoring was reorganized in the form of a data collection network taking into consideration environmental assessments of water quality as well as shellfish hygiene in order to protect consumer health. Its extension to the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Salmonella; Bivalvia; Surveillance and enforcement; Mollusc culture; Health and safety; Epidemiology.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1589.pdf

Associations between farming practices and disease mortality of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas in a Mediterranean lagoon
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pernet, Fabrice; Lagarde, Franck; Le Gall, Patrik; Roque D'Orbcastel, Emmanuelle.
We present the first large-scale, high-resolution spatial and temporal pattern of disease mortality caused by Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) that has affected Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas in France every year since 2008, in relation to local farm use. Mortality was monitored in healthy oyster spat deployed at 106 locations in the Thau Mediterranean lagoon during the epizootic that occurred in spring 2011. We conducted a field survey of farming practices in the areas where the sentinel oysters were placed before the epizootic. We found that the risk of disease mortality in sentinel oysters was higher within the bivalve farming area than outside it, suggesting that the infection pressure is much higher in areas with intensive farming activity. The risk...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Aquaculture; Epidemiology; OsHV-1; Shellfish farming.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00201/31248/30662.pdf

Relance de l'huître plate. Rapport d'avancement des travaux 1988.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: IFREMER (LA TRINITE/MER - LA TREMBLADE).
Un contrat de Plan État-Région Bretagne a été signé en 1983 pour financer des recherches sur la période 1984-1988 dans le but de permettre la relance de l'élevage de l'huître plate, à la suite de la deuxième épizootie due à un protozaire, Bonamia ostreae. Ce rapport présente les travaux réalisés et les résultats acquis durant l'année 1988, dans les domaines de la pathologie (étude de la maladie et des mécanismes de défense des mollusques) de la génétique (recherche de souches résistantes), de l'épidémiologie descriptive et de la zootechnie.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bivalves; Ostrea edulis; Bonamia ostreae; Épidémiologie; Pathologie; Immunologie; Échantillonnage; Élevage; Shellfish; Ostrea edulis; Bonamia ostreae; Epidemiology; Pathology; Immunology; Sampling; Rearing.
Ano: 1989
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00342/45284/44749.pdf

Etudes pathologiques et epidemiologiques des lesions parasitaires chez Ostrea edulis : Premiers resultats d'un recherche prospective comparative chez les principales especes de mollusques des zones ostreicoles de Bretagne nord
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Poder, M; Auffret, Mathieu; Balouet, G.
This paper is a contribution to the study of the Bonamia ostreae epizooty in french european oyster Ostrea edulis : parasite process (hemocytic parasitosis); experimental contaminations on parks and in tanks. First results of an epidemiological watch conducted in oyster culture sites show in molluks mytilidae, pectinidae, cardiidae, veneridae: the absence of Bonamia ostreae forms; the existence of different types of parasitism or commensalisus of inequal pathological importance and especially a parasite of the Marteilia genus in Tapes sp . digestive epithelium. Additionally, a new example of hemocytosercoma is observed in Cerastoderma edule .
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ruditapes philippinarum; Tapes rhomboides; Tapes pullastra; Mytilus edulis; Cerastoderma edule; Ostrea edulis; Bivalvia; Marteilia; Bonamia ostreae; Comparative studies; Parasitic diseases; Commensalism; Parasitology; Marine mollusks; Epidemiology; Pathology; Pathologie; Mollusques; Bonamia ostreae; Epizootie; Ostrea edulis.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1983/acte-1182.pdf

Revue systématique de la littérature relative aux facteurs de risque de mortalité des moules exploitées en France
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lupo, Coralie; Le Bouquin, Sophie.
La recherche bibliographique maximalisée réalisée dans le cadre de cette revue systématique de la littérature a permis de décrire le paysage de la connaissance existante sur les facteurs de risque de mortalité des espèces de moules M. edulis et M. galloprovincialis. Ces travaux ont abouti à la formalisation d’une méthodologie rigoureuse, transparente et reproductible pour la réalisation de revue systématique relative aux facteurs de risque de mortalité chez les coquillages marins. Cette revue a décrit la diversité des définitions de la mortalité des moules et ses facteurs de risque. Elle a également permis d’apprécier la quantité et la qualité des preuves recensées. Cette revue systématique a recensé 125 facteurs étudiés pour leur relation avec la...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mollusques marins; Coquillages bivalves; Moules; Mytilus edulis; Mytilus galloprovincialis; Mortalité; Facteurs de risque; Epidémiologie; Revue systématique; Bibliographie; Marine molluscs; Bivalve shellfish; Mussels; Mytilus edulis; Mytilus galloprovincialis; Mortality; Risk factors; Epidemiology; Systematic review; Bibliography.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00487/59916/63099.pdf

Prophylactic strategies and zootechnic measures, recent advances
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Grizel, Henri.
The spread of major diseases of molluscs around the world and the increase of transfers need the development of adapted prophylactic strategies and the increase of research in epidemiology, immunology and genetics. The prophylactic strategies must be based on common laws with the establishment of a list of declarable pathogens, with basic sampling rules (sample size, frequency, definition of geographical areas) and with reglementation of the internal transfers. Moreover, specific adapted diagnosis should be developed to increase the sanitary control performance (e.g. ELISA test, DNA probe, cell culture). In the case of an infectious disease the epidemiology studies should be concerned, the relationship between the culture techniques and the disease, the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bonamia ostreae; Mollusc culture; Aquaculture techniques; Pathology; Immunology; Genetics; Epidemiology; Fish diseases; Disease control.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/acte-1483.pdf

Taxinomie et épidémiologie moléculaires du parasite Marteilia refringens Grizel et al. 1974 : intérêt pour la gestion du risque sanitaire en conchyliculture
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Berthe, Franck.
Infectious diseases are currently recognised as a major limiting factor to development and sustainability of aquaculture of molluscs. The study is focused on the European flat oyster, Ostrea edulis and its paramyxean parasite Marteilia refringens. Results are contributing to the prevention of risk associated to infected stocks imports from endemic zones, by developing molecular diagnostic tools that are specific, sensible and reliable. Phylogeny and taxonomy of Marteilia refringens, previously impeded by microscopy limits, were clarified by sequencing the rDNA SSU, small sub-unit in the rRNA gene cluster. These new insights have practical implications discussed in a pragmatic polyphasic approach involving pathology and epidemiology. This approach led us to...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Marteilia refringens; Marteilia maurini; Ostrea edulis; Mytilus edulis; Pathologie; Phylogénie moléculaire; Taxinomie; Epidémiologie; Marteilia refringens; Marteilia maurini; Ostrea edulis; Mytilus edulis; Molluscs diseases; Molecular phylogeny; Taxonomy; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00109/21980/19594.pdf

A European epidemiological survey of Vibrio splendidus clade shows unexplored diversity and massive exchange of virulence factors
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Nasfi, H.; Travers, Marie-agnes; De Lorgeril, Julien; Habib, C.; Sannie, T.; Sorieul, L.; Gerard, J.; Avarre, J. C.; Haffner, Philippe; Tourbiez, Delphine; Renault, Tristan; Furones, D.; Roque, A.; Pruzzo, C.; Cheslett, D.; Gdoura, R.; Vallaeys, T.
The Vibrio splendidus clade has previously been associated with epidemic outbreaks of various aquatic animals, as in the case of the cupped oyster, Crassostrea gigas. To investigate whether involved strains could present a clonal origin and to identify possible alternative background carriage animals or zooplankton, a large epidemiological survey was conducted on isolates of the splendidus clade. For this purpose, Vibrio strains were isolated from various samples including oysters, mussels, sediments, zooplankton, and sea water on the basis of a North/South gradient of the European sea water zone (Ireland, The Netherlands, France, Italy, and Spain). A total of 435 isolates were successfully associated to the V. splendidus clade using real time polymerase...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: VNTR; Vibrio splendidus; Epidemiology; Vsm; OmpU; Crassotrea giga; Mortality.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00255/36666/35350.pdf

Rearing practices identified as risk factors for ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) infection in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas spat
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Normand, Julien; Blin, Jean-louis; Jouaux, Aude.
Early detection of Pacific oyster spat infected with ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) could prevent introduction of OsHV-1-infected individuals into farming areas or onshore rearing facilities, thus reducing the risk of infection of naïve oysters in such production systems. Experiments were conducted on several hundred oyster spat provided by producers in order to examine whether early rearing practices could be considered as potential risk factors for (1) OsHV-1 infection as detected by molecular methods and (2) spat mortality experimentally induced through thermal challenge. Spat groups collected on oyster beds and hatchery spat reared in growout areas during summer exhibited higher viral DNA contamination and mortalities during the trial than spat kept in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Oyster spat; Epidemiology; OsHV-1; QPCR; Thermal challenge.
Ano: 2014
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00203/31407/29797.pdf

Marteiliosis in molluscs: A review
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Berthe, Franck; Leroux, Frederique; Adlard, Robert; Figueras, Antonio.
Among mollusc pathogens, paramyxeans are an important group of protistan parasites belonging to the genera Marteilia and Marteilioides. Martelia refringens and M. sydneyi are of particular concern given their potential impact on mollusc aquaculture world-wide. Aber disease and QX disease are currently listed by the OIE, the World Organisation for Animal Health. After more than thirty years of existence in the scientific literature, these organisms still pose questions and research challenges to investigators. This paper reviews current knowledge of the group and key references. The review was focused on taxonomy, epidemiology, pathology and potential control methods for these organisms in order to enhance understanding of paramyxean infection issues in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Paramyxean parasites; Diagnosis; Pathology; Epidemiology; Taxonomy.
Ano: 2004
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/publication-406.pdf

Etudes épidémiologiques sur l'importance des coquillages en tant que facteur d'exposition de l'hépatite A - Approche méthodologique
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Miossec, Laurence.
Si les coquillages sont considérés depuis longtemps comme des aliments à risque parce que consommés le plus souvent crus, les études épidémiologiques précises et complètes font défaut pour évaluer la part réelle des coquillages comme facteur de risque de certaines pathologies. Ce document décrit et discute les différentes approches méthodologiques d'une enquête épidémiologique dont le but est d'évaluer le risque d'hépatite A lié à la consommation de coquillages. En France métropolitaine, l'hépatite A est une maladie peu fréquente. Les données d'incidence sont évaluées entre 11 et 22 cas pour 100 000 habitants. Elles sont, cependant, imprécises. Parmi les facteurs de risque les plus fréquemment cités au niveau national, on trouve la contamination lors de...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Hépatite A; Coquillages; Épidémiologie; Enquêtes cas-témoin; Enquêtes de cohorte; Épidémies. cas sporadiques.; Hepatitis A; Shellfish; Epidemiology; Case-control studies; Cohort studies; Outbreak; Sporadic cases.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00105/21576/19156.pdf

Fine-scale temporal dynamics of herpes virus and vibrios in seawater during a polymicrobial infection in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Petton, Bruno; De Lorgeril, Julien; Mitta, Guillaume; Daigle, Gaétan; Pernet, Fabrice; Alunno Bruscia, Marianne.
The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas is currently being impacted by a polymicrobial disease that involves early viral infection by ostreid herpesvirus-1 (OsHV-1) followed by a secondary bacterial infection leading to death. A widely used method of inducing infection consists of placing specific pathogen-free oysters (‘recipients’) in cohabitation in the laboratory with diseased oysters that were naturally infected in the field (‘donors’). With this method, we evaluated the temporal dynamics of pathogen release in seawater and the cohabitation time necessary for disease transmission and expression. We showed that OsHV-1 and Vibrio spp. in the seawater peaked concomitantly during the first 48 h and decreased thereafter. We found that 1.5 h of cohabitation...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Aquaculture; Bivalve; Epidemiology; Health; Polymicrobial disease; OSHV-1; Pacific oyster mortality syndrome; POMS.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00507/61870/65940.pdf

Relance de l'huître plate. Rapport de synthèse des travaux 1990
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Martin, Anne-genevieve.
Une convention a été signée en 1990 avec la Région Bretagne pour financer la poursuite des recherches dans le but d'accélérer la relance de l'élevage de l'huître plate, à la suite de la deuxième épizootie due à un protozoaire, Bonamia ostreae. Ce rapport présente les travaux réalisés et les résultats acquis durant l'année 1990, dans les domaines de l'épidémiologie descriptive, de la zootechnie, de la génétique (recherche d'espèces ou de souches résistantes) et de l'immuno-pathologie (étude de la maladie et des mécanismes de défense des mollusques).  Durant l'année 1990, la situation épidémiologique des élevages d'huîtres plates en eau profonde a évolué différemment selon les secteurs: relativement stable en Baie du Mont st Michel, elle présente de brusques...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bivalves; Ostrea edulis; Bonamia ostreae; Épidémiologie; Pathologie; Immunologie; Génétique; Échantillonnage; Élevage; Shellfish; Ostrea edulis; Bonamia ostreae; Epidemiology; Pathology; Immunology; Genetic; Sampling; Rearing.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00102/21320/18942.pdf

Establishing causal link between an infectious agent and mortalities in marine molluscan aquaculture on the example of Bonamia ostreae and Herpèsvirosis in oysters : proposal of a causal grid analysis
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Thebault, Anne; Cochennec, Nathalie; Arzul, Isabelle; Renault, Tristan.
In marine molluscan aqauculture, infectious agents are regularly cited in literature associated with mass mortalities as emergin diseases, but the causal link is often based on very few argumeents. 24 ways to demonstrate causal links from epidemiolgical, ecological and marine pathology literature feasible for marine molluscs are given. Those criteria were applied to the ewample of Bonamia ostreae for Ostrea edulis and Herpesvirus for spats and larvae of Crassostrea gigas. Three principles could be applied in marine field for choosing criteria wich should be taken in priority : the demonstration must be given at three levels of organization, organ individual, population, the demonstration must keeps maximum epidemiological criterias, and then mixes...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Herpesvirus; Bonamia ostrea; Crassostrea gigas; Ostrea edulis; Marine pathology; Ecology; Epidemiology; Infectious agents; Molluscan aquaculture.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/acte-3341.pdf

Factors influencing disease-induced mortality of Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Petton, Bruno; Boudry, Pierre; Alunno-bruscia, Marianne; Pernet, Fabrice.
Mortalities of oyster Crassostrea gigas seed associated with ostreid herpesvirus OsHV-1 μVar have been observed in many oyster-producing countries since 2008. The present study, comprised of 4 complementary experiments, aimed to identify factors associated with disease-induced oyster mortality in order to propose mitigation strategies. Our first experiment compared survival of oysters from natural spatfall with others sampled from nurseries, after thermal elevation in the laboratory from &lt;14 to 21°C. A total of 60% of the tested wild seed batches (n = 51) were infected by OsHV-1, exhibited mortality and were able to transmit the disease to cohabited naïve oysters. Comparatively, only 1 out of the 32 tested batches sampled from nurseries presented...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Risk analyses; Shellfish farming; Virus OsHV-1 mu Var.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00257/36777/35390.pdf

Infectious diseases in oyster aquaculture require a new integrated approach
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pernet, Fabrice; Lupo, Coralie; Bacher, Cedric; Whittington, Richard J.
Emerging diseases pose a recurrent threat to bivalve aquaculture. Recently, massive mortality events in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas associated with the detection of a microvariant of the ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1 µVar) have been reported in Europe, Australia and New Zealand. Although the spread of disease is often viewed as a governance failure, we suggest that the development of protective measures for bivalve farming is presently held back by the lack of key scientific knowledge. In this paper, we explore the case for an integrated approach to study the management of bivalve disease, using OsHV-1 as a case study. Reconsidering the key issues by incorporating multidisciplinary science could provide a holistic under-standing of OsHV-1 and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bivalve; Disease management; Epidemiology; Multidisciplinary; Risk.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00314/42537/41912.pdf

Infectious pathology in mollusc and shrimp hatcheries
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mialhe, Eric.
Development of aquaculture has been linked to zootechnical mastering of larval production in hatcheries. Regular and excessive use of antibiotics (antifungal or antibacterial) may thus also be reduced, permitting to limit release of these products in sea-water and, consequently, avoiding progressive selection of resistant-strains.
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Viruses; Infectious diseases; Epidemiology; Pathogens; Bacterial diseases; Pathology; Larval development; Mollusc culture; Shrimp culture.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1989/acte-1487.pdf

A large multi-pathogen waterborne community outbreak linked to faecal contamination of a groundwater system, France, 2000
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gallay, A; De Valk, H; Cournot, M; Ladeuil, B; Hemery, C; Castor, C; Bon, F; Megraud, F; Le Cann, Pierre; Desenclos, Jc.
A large waterborne outbreak of infection that occurred during August 2000 in a local community in France was investigated initially via a rapid survey of visits to local physicians. A retrospective cohort study was then conducted on a random cluster sample of residents. Of 709 residents interviewed, 202 (28.5%) were definite cases (at least three liquid stools/day or vomiting) and 62 (8.7%) were probable cases (less than three liquid stools/day or abdominal pain). Those who had drunk tap water had a three-fold increased risk for illness (95% CI 2.4-4.0). The risk increased with the amount of water consumed (chi-square trend: p &lt; 0.0001). Bacteriological analyses of stools were performed for 35 patients and virological analyses for 24 patients....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Waterborne outbreak; Rotavirus; Norovirus; Gastroenteritis; Epidemiology; Campylobacter coli.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/publication-1696.pdf

Traitement à haute température des huîtres infectées par l’ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1). TEMPO - Rapport 2016
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pernet, Fabrice.
Le naissain d’huître creuse Crassostrea gigas est touché chaque année depuis 2008 par des mortalités causées par un microvariant de l’ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1 μVar). Plusieurs études montrent que ces évènements de mortalité se produisent préférentiellement lorsque la température de l’eau est comprise entre 16°C et 24°C. Par conséquent, une exposition rapide des huîtres infectées par OsHV-1 à des températures supérieures à 24°C pourrait limiter les mortalités causées par le virus. Il est proposé de (1) vérifier l’hypothèse selon laquelle l’exposition à haute température réduit la mortalité des huîtres infectées par OsHV-1, et (2) déterminer si les animaux qui ont survécu suite à l’infection par OsHV-1 et au traitement thermique sont...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Epidémiologie; Huître; OsHV-1; Risque; Survie; Température; Epidemiology; Oysters; OsHV-1; Risk; Survival; Temperature.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00434/54574/55953.pdf

Les risques conchylicoles en Baie de Quiberon. Première partie : le risque de mortalité virale du naissain d’huître creuse Crassostra gigas. Rapport final du projet Risco 2010-2013
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mazurie, Joseph; Stanisiere, Jean-yves; Langlade, Aime; Bouget, Jean-francois; Dumas, Franck; Treguier, Cathy; Leclerc, Emilie; Ravaud, Emilie; Quinsat, Kevin; Gabellec, Raoul; Retho, Michael; Cochet, Helene; Dreano, Alain.
This study (“Risco”), implicating both industry, socio-economic experts and biologists, was funded by the Regional Council of Brittany, for 3 years (2010-2013), to investigate upon the origin of oysters (Crassostrea gigas) mortalities in the bay of Quiberon (South Brittany, France). Specific mortalities of adult oysters were recorded in this bay in 2006, whereas mortalities of one year old spat were observed since in 2008 in this bay as at a national scale. The experimental protocol in 2010, including a monthly survey of oyster batches at 15 experimental stations, allowed to assess the risk for one-year oysters, due to viral disease. A clear spatial distribution of this risk was evidenced, with a western area spared from contamination and mortality, and a...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Baie de Quiberon; Crassostrea gigas; Mortalité; Herpès-virus; OsHV-1; Épidémiologie; Modèle.; Quiberon bay; Crassostrea gigas; Mortality; Herpes-virus; OsHV-1; Epidemiology; Model.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00179/29043/27528.pdf

Evidence for the Range Expansion of Ciguatera in French Polynesia: A Revisit of the 2009 Mass-Poisoning Outbreak in Rapa Island (Australes Archipelago)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Chinain, Mireille; Mahana Iti Gatti, Clémence; Ung, André; Cruchet, Philippe; Revel, Taina; Viallon, Jérôme; Sibat, Manoella; Varney, Patrick; Laurent, Victoire; Hess, Philipp; Taiana Darius, Hélène.
Ciguatera poisoning (CP) results from the consumption of seafood contaminated with ciguatoxins (CTXs). This disease is highly prevalent in French Polynesia with several well-identified hotspots. Rapa Island, the southernmost inhabited island in the country, was reportedly free of CP until 2007. This study describes the integrated approach used to investigate the etiology of a fatal mass-poisoning outbreak that occurred in Rapa in 2009. Symptoms reported in patients were evocative of ciguatera. Several Gambierdiscus field samples collected from benthic assemblages tested positive by the receptor binding assay (RBA). Additionally, the toxicity screening of ≈250 fish by RBA indicated ≈78% of fish could contain CTXs. The presence of CTXs in fish was confirmed...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ciguatera poisoning; French Polynesia; Gambierdiscus; Ciguatoxins; Epidemiology; Toxicological analyses; Risk management; Climate change.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00662/77362/78933.pdf

Epidemiovigilance dans le cas de mortalités anormales de coquillages : exemple des coques du Croizic
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Thebault, Anne.
Detection of an emerging disease is a crucial aspect for animal health. For the french marine mollusc aquaculture the interest is obvious, after three catastrophic epizooties. The methodological approach must be done by three different disciplines : epidemiology, ecology and marine pathology. Those three approachs are complementary in the special context of marine outbreaks. The uncertainty about many criteria and the lack of  proofs feasible for showing the causality link, make the different approachs a necessity. The first step is the study of the three boxes, host, agent, environrnent. This approach, made for studying the cockles of the Croisic's bay could help us to make hypothesis about the possible origins ofmortality, and to a void measurement,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Epidémiologie; Maladie émergente; Coques; Cerastoderma edule; Océanologie; Epidemiology; Emerging disease; Cockles; Cerastoderma edule; Oceanology.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00448/55950/57428.pdf

Studies of a European shellfish disease: Bonamia ostreae parasite of the flat oyster Ostrea edulis ; control and treatment. Final Report
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bachere, Evelyne; Ifremer, Unité de Pathologie, Immunologie et Génétique Moléculaire des Invertébrés Marins, F-17390 La Tremblade, France; CEV, Centro Experimental de Vilaxoan, Conselleria de Pesca, Villagarcia de Arosa, Spain; CSIC, Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas, Peira de Bouzas S/N, Avda E. Cabello 636208, Vigo, Spain; UCC, University College Cork, Dept of Zoology Cork, Ireland; FCR, Fisheries Research Center, Abbotstown, Castleknock, Dublin 15, Ireland; US, University of Southampton, Dept of Oceanography Southampton S09 5NH, United Kingdom.
Bonamia ostreae, an intrahemocytic protozoan parasite infecting the oyster Ostrea edulis, is responsible for an endemic disease affecting all intensive breeding areas of European countries. Epidemiological studies showed variable prevalences, 43% in Galicia (Spain), from 6% to 32% in France and 45% in the most important area of Ireland. The impact of oyster transfers, handlings, high densities have been implicated in the disease development but environmental stressors could be more involved than zootechnical methods. The effect of water temperature, salinity and tidal exposure were particulary examined to assess stress induced changes and determine physiological, biochemical and immunological state indices of oyster populations, which will contribute to...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Disease; Oyster; Ostrea edulis; Parasitology; Bonamia ostreae; Epidemiology.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00273/38383/36713.pdf

Prevalence of Bipartite Patella in Turkish Population: Analysis of Bilateral Knee Radiographs in 897 Subjects
Provedor de dados: 77
Autores: Kose,Ozkan; Eraslan,Ali; Ergun,Ali; Egerci,Omer Faruk; Ercan,Emrah Cevat.
Bipartite patella is a normal anatomic variant of patella. There are various data about the prevalence of bipartite patella in the literature. The aim of this study was to investigate its prevalence, type distribution and sex predilection in Turkish population. Bilateral knee radiographs were retrospectively reviewed of 897 consecutive adult patients. Cases with bipartite patella were categorized according to the Oohashi classification. Medical records were examined in order to differentiate symptomatic and asymptomatic bipartite patellae. We contacted symptomatic patients by telephone to learn continuity of knee pain. We identified 11 cases (7 male, 4 female) of bipartite patella among the 283 male and 614 female patients. No bilateral cases were...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Bipartite patella; Turkish population; Prevalence; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022015000300047

Trends in the Pattern of Facial Fractures in Different Countries of the World
Provedor de dados: 77
Autores: Shayyab,Mohammad; Alsoleihat,Firas; Ryalat,Sukaina; Khraisat,Ameen.
The aim of the present study was to examine the changes in the pattern of maxillofacial fractures between developed and developing countries over two time periods; (1987-1999) and (2000-2007). A comprehensive search of the literature using PubMed was conducted for publications on maxillofacial injuries published during the last 20 years. Only 45 articles met the inclusion criteria and the full-texts of these articles were thoroughly examined. For each of the included studies, different parameters were recorded. Calculated "weighed" percentages of each parameter across the total number of all patients were performed. The mandible was the most frequently fractured facial bone (57%). In the total period, the mean age of patients with facial fractures was 24.4...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Maxillofacial fracture; Mandibular fracture; Road traffic accident.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022012000200065

Epidemiological survey of scorpion envenomation in southwestern Morocco
Provedor de dados: 79
Autores: TOULOUN,O.; SLIMANI,T.; BOUMEZZOUGH,A.
The high frequency and severity of scorpion envenomation in Morocco is a serious public health problem, especially in semi arid and arid areas with a large rural population. In view of this alarming situation, we have conducted this investigation on scorpion envenomation in the Haouz and Souss plains between 1994 and 1998. Preliminary results have shown a high rate of scorpion envenomation with several deaths. With the exception of Scorpio maurus, the suspected species are generally anthropophilous, which belong to the Androctonus genera of the Buthidae family. The Buthidae family is responsible for 96.93% of the envenomings. In the southwestern Morocco, the death rate is of about 3.84%. The Androctonus mauretanicus is responsible for 60% of deaths. We...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Scorpions; Scorpion envenomation; Epidemiology; Prevention; Southwestern Morocco; Haouz; Souss.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104-79302001000200006

Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA): molecular background, virulence, and relevance for public health
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Bonesso,MF; Marques,SA; Cunha,MLRS.
Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) are frequently found in nosocomial environments as the main pathogen in several infections. In 1961, reports of nosocomial S. aureus resistant to methicillin, the drug of choice against penicillin-resistant strains, required new alternatives and vancomycin started being used to treat infections caused by methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Community-acquired methicillin-resistant S. aureus (CA-MRSA) was first reported in 1990 affecting patients without risk factors for infection with MRSA of hospital origin. MRSA of community origin harbor the genes responsible for the synthesis of Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL), a toxin associated with skin and soft tissue infections and that...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; MecA gene; Oxacillin; Panton-Valentine leukocidin; Drug resistance; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992011000400004

Incidence and severity of scorpion stings in Algeria
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Laïd,Y; Boutekdjiret,L; Oudjehane,R; Laraba-Djebari,F; Hellal,H; Guerinik,M; Griene,L; Alamir,B; Merad,R; Chippaux,JP.
Scorpion stings are a public health problem in the Maghreb region. In Algeria, epidemiological data were collected over the past twenty years by the Algerian health authorities. This study is an analysis of morbidity and mortality data collected from 2001 to 2010. Annual incidence and mortality due to scorpion envenoming were 152 ± 3.6 stings and 0.236 ± 0.041 deaths per 100,000 people (95% CI), respectively. The risk of being stung by a scorpion was dramatically higher in southern areas and central highlands due to environmental conditions. Incidence of envenoming was especially higher in the adult population, and among young males. In contrast, mortality was significantly higher among children under 15 years, particularly ages 1-4. Upper limbs were more...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Scorpion; Stings; Envenoming; Deaths; Epidemiology; Management; Algeria.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992012000400008

Occurrence and risk factors associated with canine leptospirosis
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Kikuti,M; Langoni,H; Nobrega,DN; Corrêa,APFL; Ullmann,LS.
Leptospirosis is a globally distributed emerging zoonosis. Dogs are commonly affected and although other serovars can cause canine leptospirosis, Leptospira interrogans serovar Canicola is primary found in these animals. A retrospective study was conducted using a database of 1195 dogs tested for Leptospira infection from 2003 to 2010 at the Laboratory of Zoonosis Diagnosis at the Veterinary Hospital of São Paulo State University (UNESP) in Botucatu, São Paulo state, Brazil. The seroprevalence of infected dogs was 20.08% (240/1195), and the most prevalent serovars were Canicola (6.7%), Copenhageni (5.0%), Icterohaemorrhagiae (2.9%), Autumnalis (2.9%), Pyrogenes (2.8%), Pomona (2.0%), Hardjo (2.0%), Australis (1.8%), Bratislava (1.6%), Cynopteri (1.4%),...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Leptospira spp.; Dog; Serology; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992012000100016

Bats and their role in human rabies epidemiology in the Americas
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Dantas-Torres,F.
Bats are very interesting animals: they are the unique flying mammals, have developed a highly sophisticated echolocation system, and have become specialized to eat different types of diets. Hematophagous (vampire) bats are those specialized to feed solely on blood and have served as a source of inspiration for researchers as well as for writers. Vampire bat attacks on humans have moved from the realm of science fiction to reality in Latin America and bats (including non-hematophagous ones) have assumed an important role in the transmission of rabies virus to humans. This article discusses the emerging role of bats as rabies virus transmitters, with particular emphasis on the role of hematophagous bats in the epidemiology of human rabies in Latin America....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Rabies; Epidemiology; Disease transmission; Chiroptera.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992008000200002

Viper bites complicate chronic agrochemical nephropathy in rural Sri Lanka
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Silva,Anjana; Samarasinghe,Rivikelum; Pilapitiya,Senaka; Dahanayake,Niroshana; Siribaddana,Sisira.
Snakebite is a common occupational health hazard among Sri Lankan agricultural workers, particularly in the North Central Province. Viperine snakes, mainly Russell’s viper envenomation, frequently lead to acute renal failure. During the last two decades, an agrochemical nephropathy, a chronic tubulointerstitial disease has rapidly spread over this area leading to high morbidity and mortality. Most of the epidemiological characteristics of these two conditions overlap, increasing the chances of co-occurrence. Herein, we describe four representative cases of viperine snakebites leading to variable clinical presentations, in patients with chronic agrochemical nephropathy, including two patients presented with acute and delayed anuria. These cases suggest the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report
Palavras-chave: Snakebite; Chronic kidney disease; Agricultural nephropathy; Epidemiology; Anuria.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992014000200505

Epidemiology of snakebites in Kédougou region (eastern Senegal): comparison of various methods for assessment of incidence and mortality
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Lam,Absa; Camara,Bouna; Kane,Oumar; Diouf,Amadou; Chippaux,Jean-Philippe.
Abstract  Background  Although considered a public health issue in Senegal, the actual incidence and mortality from snakebite are not known. In the present study, an epidemiological survey was carried out in Kédougou region, southeastern Senegal, where envenomations, particularly by Echisocellatus, are frequent and severe.  Methods  Three sources of data were used: records from health centers and reports by health professionals; traditional healers; and household surveys.  Results  The annual incidence and mortality provided by health centers were 24.4 envenomations and 0.24 deaths per 100,000 population, respectively. The annual incidence recorded by traditional healers was 250 bites per 100,000 inhabitants, but the number of deaths was unknown. Finally,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Snakebite; Envenomation; Senegal; Incidence.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992016000100307

Risk factors caused by scorpion stings and envenomations in the province of Kelâa Des Sraghna (Morocco)
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Hmimou,R; Soulaymani,A; Mokhtari,A; Arfaoui,A; Eloufir,G; Semlali,I; Soulaymani Bencheikh,R.
The present study aims to elucidate the risk factors involved in deaths caused by scorpion envenomation. A retrospective study was carried out in the province of Kelâa des Sraghna from 2003 to 2004. The hospital charts of scorpion envenomation cases treated in the Essalama Hospital in Kelâa des Sraghna were exhaustively analyzed. Our study contains 31 cases of death among 470 hospitalization cases. Most stings had occurred during the hot period peaking in July and August (54.6%). Moreover, the scorpion stings occurred at night in 60.1% of the cases, between 6:00 pm and 6:00 am. In addition, all age groups were affected by envenomation, with a higher frequency in children aged less than 15 years (68.3%). The envenomation rate (class II + class III) was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Scorpion; Morocco; Epidemiology; Kelâa province of Sraghna.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992008000400006

American trypanosomiasis and associated risk factors in owned dogs from the major city of Yucatan, Mexico
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Jiménez-Coello,Matilde; Acosta-Viana,Karla; Guzmán-Marín,Eugenia; Bárcenas-Irabién,Alejandra; Ortega-Pacheco,Antonio.
AbstractBackground The American trypanosomiasis is a zoonosis caused by the protozoaTrypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi). The disease is widely distributed throughout the American continent, affecting a wide range of hosts, including dogs. It is present in the canine population in the State of Yucatan, Mexico. However, no significant studies in owned dogs have been performed in the metropolitan area of Merida. A transversal study was conducted in 370 owned dogs from Merida, Yucatan, Mexico.Methods A cross-sectional study including 370 dogs was performed in a major city of Yucatan, Mexico, to detect IgG antibodies against T. cruzi. A commercial ELISA test kit was used and a chi-square test used to evaluate associated risk factors; odds ratio (OR) and 95 %...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Trypanosoma cruzi; Epidemiology; Owned dogs; Major city; Mexico.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992015000100343

Yellow fever in Africa and the Americas: a historical and epidemiological perspective
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Chippaux,Jean-Philippe; Chippaux,Alain.
Abstract Yellow fever was transported during the slave trade in the 15th and 16th centuries from Africa to the Americas where the virus encountered favorable ecological conditions that allowed creation of a sustainable sylvatic cycle. Despite effective vector control and immunization programs for nearly a century, yellow fever epidemics reemerged in many Latin American countries, particularly Brazil. The emergence or reemergence of vector-borne diseases encompasses many intricate factors. Yellow fever outbreaks occur if at least three conditions are fulfilled: the introduction of the virus into a non-immune human community, presence of competent and anthropophilic vectors and insufficiency of prevention and/or adequate management of the growing outbreak....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Yellow fever; Aedes aegypti; Haemagogus sp.; Sabethes sp. Vector; Arbovirus; Epidemiology; Brazil; Latin America; Africa.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992018000100207

Loxosceles spider bites in the state of Paraná, Brazil: 1993-2000
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Marques-da-Silva,E.; Souza-Santos,R.; Fischer,M. L.; Rubio,G. B. G.
This study presents the epidemiological analysis of 20,699 reported spider bites involving the Loxosceles genus in the state of Paraná, Brazil, from 1993 to 2000. The incidence rate in the period was 290.24/100,000 inhabitants. The results show that 95.04% of the accidents occurred in two Health Regions of the state: greater metropolitan Curitiba (92.9%) and Irati (2.14%). The major incidence was recorded in greater metropolitan Curitiba (559.1/100,000). Loxosceles bites were more frequent in females (61%) than in males. Antivenin therapy was not necessary in 95.4% (19,662) of the cases. From the cases in which information about the time elapsed between the bite and medical treatment was recorded (9,679), 31.8% received treatment from 6 to 48 hours after...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Loxosceles; Spiders; Epidemiology; Venomous animals; Brazil.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992006000100009

The epidemiology of scorpion stings in tropical areas of Kermanshah province, Iran, during 2008 and 2009
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Khatony,Alireza; Abdi,Alireza; Fatahpour,Tahereh; Towhidi,Farhad.
Abstract  Background  Scorpion stings are an acute health problem in tropical regions. Awareness of this problem is fundamental for establishing preventive interventions, thus prompting the present study to determine the scorpion-sting incidence in tropical areas of Kermanshah province during 2008 and 2009.  Methods  In a retrospective study, all records related to scorpion sting patients from the health centers of tropical areas of Kermanshah were studied by a census and checklist. Data were analyzed by the software SPSS-16 using descriptive and inferential tests.  Results  The incidence of scorpion stings was 334.37/100,000 inhabitants in 2008 and 339.07/100000 in 2009. Mean and standard deviation of age were 30.55 ± 16.99. Scorpion stings were more...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Scorpion stings; Epidemiology; Tropical climate; Kermanshah; Incidence.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992015000100349

Scorpionism by Hemiscorpius spp. in Iran: a review
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Dehghani,Rouhullah; Kamiabi,Fatemeh; Mohammadi,Malihe.
Abstract Scorpions are distributed throughout Iran and the genus Hemiscorpius is particularly important in this region. Hemiscorpius lepturus is the most significant species within the genus in the country. Since scorpionism provoked by Hemiscorpius comprises a medical emergency, the present study is focused on this important issue. In order to perform the present work, a review of the medical and health-related literature was carried out in several databases. The current findings indicate that six species of Hemiscorpius are found in 15 states of Iran, mainly in the south and southwest. Deaths caused by stings were reported only for two species. The morphological characteristics and geographical distribution of H. lepturus in Iran, its venom and the toxic...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Hemiscorpius; Scorpionism; Scorpion venom; Emergency; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992018000100204

Evaluation of scorpion sting incidence in turkey
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Ozkan,O.; Uzun,R.; Adiguzel,S.; Cesaretli,Y.; Ertek,M.
Scorpion stings are common in Turkey due to its geographical location, climate and socioeconomic structure. Scorpion envenomation cases are a considerable public health problem in all regions of the country. Important health-threatening scorpions in Turkey are Androctonus crassicauda, Leiurus quinquestriatus, Mesobuthus gibbosus and M. eupeus, all of which belong to the Buthidae family. They are described to be potentially dangerous to humans. So far, there is no study about scorpion sting incidence covering all geographical regions of Turkey; therefore, in this study, we analyzed the frequency of scorpion sting cases in the country. A total of 24,261 scorpion sting cases were reported during 2005. Most of which (about 80%) occurred in the Southeastern...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Scorpion sting; Turkey; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992008000100010

Challenges and perspectives of Chagas disease: a review
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Pereira,Paulo Câmara Marques; Navarro,Elaine Cristina.
Chagas disease (CD), also known as American trypanosomiasis, is caused by the flagellated protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, and affects an estimated 8 to 10 million people worldwide. In Latin America, 25 million people live in risk areas, while in 2008 alone, 10,000 CD-related deaths were reported. This review aimed to evaluate the challenges of CD control, future perspectives, and actions performed worldwide to control expansion of the disease and its impact on public health in Latin America.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Control of Chagas disease; Epidemiology; Transmission.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992013000100206

Epidemiology of envenomations by terrestrial venomous animals in Brazil based on case reporting: from obvious facts to contingencies
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Chippaux,Jean-Philippe.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Envenomation; Snakes; Scorpions; Spiders; Caterpillars; Africanized bees; Brazil; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992015000100319

Epidemiological investigation on envenomation: from theory to practice
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Chippaux,JP.
A better understanding of the epidemiology of envenoming would improve care, provided that the survey is representative, reliable and accurate. Several types of surveys could help to clarify the incidence, severity, circumstances, factors and determinants of envenomations. The relevant information may be collected and analyzed from hospital records or case report forms (for retrospective studies) or established from a protocol of longitudinal observation of cases attended at health facilities during a given period (prospective study). The household survey includes interviewing all or part of the population of a locality with a standardized questionnaire to obtain information on the circumstances of the accident. Finally, standardized questionnaires can be...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Snakebite; Methodology; Retrospective surveys; Prospective surveys; Household surveys.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992012000400014

Mathematical modelling of vector-borne diseases and insecticide resistance evolution
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Kuniyoshi,Maria Laura Gabriel; Santos,Fernando Luiz Pio dos.
Abstract  Background: Vector-borne diseases are important public health issues and, consequently, in silico models that simulate them can be useful. The susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) model simulates the population dynamics of an epidemic and can be easily adapted to vector-borne diseases, whereas the Hardy-Weinberg model simulates allele frequencies and can be used to study insecticide resistance evolution. The aim of the present study is to develop a coupled system that unifies both models, therefore enabling the analysis of the effects of vector population genetics on the population dynamics of an epidemic.  Methods: Our model consists of an ordinary differential equation system. We considered the populations of susceptible, infected and recovered...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Population genetics; Tropical diseases; Insecticides; Theoretical modelling; Numerical simulation; ODE system.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992017000100321

Seroepidemiological analysis of toxoplasmosis in college students
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Rodrigues,Jaqueline Polizeli; Frei,Fernando; Navarro,Italmar Teodorico; Silva,Luciana Pereira; Marcelino,Monica Yonashiro; Andrade-Junior,Heitor Franco de; Faria,Carolina Arruda de; Santos,Marislene; Ribeiro-Paes,João Tadeu.
Background Toxoplasmosis is a zoonosis caused by an obligate intracellular parasite, Toxoplasma gondii, which affects warm-blooded animals including humans. Its prevalence rates usually vary in different regions of the planet. Methods In this study, an analysis of the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis among Brazilian students was proposed by means of IgG specific antibodies detection. The presence of anti-Toxoplasma gondiiantibodies by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) was also evaluated in order to compare it with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and to assess the use of 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and o-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride chromogens. Results The IFAT method showed a seroprevalence of 22.3%. These...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Toxoplasma gondii; Toxoplasmosis; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Indirect fluorescent antibody test; Seroprevalence; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992015000100311

An update on the epidemiological situation of spotted fever in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Oliveira,Stefan Vilges de; Guimarães,Jessica Noronha; Reckziegel,Guilherme Carneiro; Neves,Bidiah Mariano da Costa; Araújo-Vilges,Keline Medeiros de; Fonseca,Lidsy Ximenes; Pinna,Fernanda Voietta; Pereira,Simone Valéria Costa; Caldas,Eduardo Pacheco de; Gazeta,Gilberto Salles; Gurgel-Gonçalves,Rodrigo.
Abstract  Background  Spotted fever is a tick-borne rickettsial disease. In Brazil, its notification to the Ministry of Health is compulsory. Since 2007, cases of spotted fever have been integrated to the Notifiable Diseases Information System, and epidemiological analyzes are part of the routines on surveillance programs.  Methods  This descriptive study updates epidemiological information on cases of spotted fever registered in Brazil between 2007 and 2015.  Results  In Brazil, 17,117 suspected cases of the disease were reported and 1,245 were confirmed in 12 states, mainly in São Paulo (550, 44.2 %) and Santa Catarina (276, 22.2 %). No geographic information was registered for 132 cases (10.6 %). Most of the infected people were men (70.9 %), mainly in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Rickettsial diseases; Epidemiology; Information system; Tick-borne disease.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992016000100315

Honeybees and caterpillars: epidemiology of accidents involving these animals in the Criciúma region, southern Santa Catarina State, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Cristiano,MP; Cardoso,DC.
The present study aimed to acquire knowledge regarding some aspects of the epidemiology and injuries provoked by honeybees and caterpillars in southern Santa Catarina State, Brazil. Epidemiological information concerning accidents with both animals was prospectively collected from the System of Injury Notification Information (SINAN) files of the Municipal Health Secretary of the Criciúma region, Brazil. Between 1994 and 2006, 203 cases of accidents were registered, 149 provoked by honeybees (73.39%) and 54 by caterpillars (26.61%). The majority of the victims (200 cases) presented full recovery, two cases presented sequelae after recovery, and only one death was recorded in a case involving honeybee injury. The high frequency of victim recovery suggests...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Honeybees; Caterpillars; Poisonous animals; Accidents; Brazil.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992008000400013

Epidemiological characteristics of human rabies in Henan province in China from 2005 to 2013
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Li,Guo Wei; Chen,Qiao Ge; Qu,Zhen Yu; Xia,Yao; Lam,Alfred; Zhang,Ding Mei; Lu,Jia Hai.
Background Rabies is very common in People’s Republic of China. Henan province, in the central portion of China, is one of the most densely populated provinces in the entire country. With the new rabies epidemic trend noted in northern and western China, it is necessary to investigate the characteristics of human rabies in this area and control the disease.Methods We chose patients in hospital isolation in 18 municipalities in Henan province as the investigation subjects. Data were collected through systematic reporting from these hospitals, whereas a questionnaire was applied to the relatives of patients.Results A total of 1022 rabies cases were reported. The incidence of human rabies in Henan has increased rapidly since 2005, having peaked in 2007, and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Human rabies; Zoonosis; Epidemiology; Dog bite.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992015000100340

Scorpion sting: a public health problem in El Kelaa des Sraghna (Morocco)
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: El Oufir,R.; Semlali,I.; Idrissi,M.; Soulaymani,A.; Benlarabi,S.; Khattabi,A.; Ait Moh,M.; Soulaymani Bencheikh,R.
The present study aimed at verifying the impact of a Moroccan strategy against scorpion stings and specifically at identifying the epidemiological features of patients envenomed or just stung by scorpions. It included 11,907 patients from El Kelaa des Sraghna Province, Morocco, who were evaluated over five years (2001-2005). Most stings occurred during the hot period and mainly at night. The average incidence was 3.2 per 1,000 inhabitants; patients &lt;15 years accounted for 34%, and the envenomation rate was 12%. Average lethality rate was 0.7%. Our work evaluated the efficacy of the adopted strategy based on indicators of follow-up, morbidity and lethality due to scorpion sting and envenomation.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Scorpions; Strategy; Indicators; El Kelaa; Morocco.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992008000200005

Risk factors for scorpion stings in the beni mellal province of morocco
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Charrab,N; El Oufir,R; Soulaymani,A; Semlali,I; Mokhtari,A; Soulaymani,R.
Scorpion stings comprise a serious problem throughout the globe, especially in regions where they are more frequent. In Morocco, Beni Mellal is one of the provinces most affected by this burden. This study aimed to trace the epidemiological profile of scorpion stings in Beni Mellal in order to improve patient care and prevent both morbidity and mortality. Our work is a retrospective study of scorpion stings based on medical charts of Beni Mellal. From 2002 to 2007, 8,340 cases were registered in this province with an average incidence of 1.36‰. The stings were more frequent in summer months, particularly July and August, and between 6 p.m. and 6 a.m. (59.8%). The average age of victims was 26.54 ± 18.42 years. Children were affected in 30.3% of the cases....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Scorpion; Register; Beni Mellal; Morocco.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992009000400009

Prevalence and epidemiology of chronic hepatitis C among prisoners of Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Pompilio,MA; Pontes,ERJC; Castro,ARCM; Andrade,SMO; Stief,ACF; Martins,RMB; Mousquer,GJ; Murat,PG; Francisco,RBL; Pompilio,SAL; Rezende,GR; Elias-Junior,E.
In Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil, the number of prisoners has increased in the recent years and the control of hepatitis C virus (HCV) has become more complex. The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence and identify the genotypes of HCV in prisoners as well as the factors associated with this infectious disease. Thereby, 443 men and 243 women from prisons were interviewed and subjected to blood collection. Anti-HCV reactive samples were analyzed by RT-PCR and genotyped. The overall seroprevalence of HCV infection was 4.8% (95%CI: 3.4 to 6.8%). Furthermore, the prevalence was higher in: men, injecting drug users, tattooed persons, those who were more than 50 years old, individuals who have been arrested multiple times, people with...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Hepatitis C; Genotype; Polymerase chain reaction; Epidemiology; Prisoners.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992011000200013

The 6th international conference on envenomation by Snakebites and Scorpion Stings in Africa: a crucial step for the management of envenomation
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Chippaux,Jean-Philippe; Akaffou,Marc Hermann; Allali,Bernard Kouadio; Dosso,Mireille; Massougbodji,Achille; Barraviera,Benedito.
Abstract During the 6th International Conference on Envenomation by Snakebites and Scorpion Stings in Africa held in Abidjan, from 1 to 5 June 2015, the measures for the management of envenomation were discussed and new recommendations were adopted by the participants. The high incidence and severity of this affliction were confirmed by several studies conducted in African countries. The poor availability of antivenom, particularly because of the cost, was also highlighted. Some experiences have been reported, mainly those regarding the financial support of antivenom in Burkina Faso (more than 90 %) and Togo (up to 60 %) or the mandatory reporting of cases in Cameroon. Key recommendations concerned: improvement of epidemiological information based on case...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Envenomation; Antivenom; Epidemiology; Drug policy; Africa.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992016000100101

Epidemiological study of scorpion stings in Saudi Arabia between 1993 and 1997
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Al-Sadoon,M. K.; Jarrar,B. M.
This investigation evaluated the epidemiological aspects of scorpion stings in different areas of Saudi Arabia. A total of 72,168 cases of scorpion stings recorded in Ministry of Health Medical Centers in 11 selected areas of Saudi Arabia were analyzed based on area, age, sex, time of sting, sting site, treatment outcome, time of year, and scorpion species. Stings occurred throughout the year; the highest frequency was in June (15.08%), the lowest in February (2.52%). Most patients were male (61.8%); the majority of which were more than 15 years old (65.4%). Nocturnal envenomation (47.74%) was more common than diurnal (43.91%); most stings were in exposed limbs (90.95%), mainly in the lower limbs (63%). Most envenomings were mild (74.48%) and all evolved...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Scorpion envenomation; Epidemiology; Saudi Arabia.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992003000100003

Scorpion stings in one province of Morocco: epidemiological, clinical and prognosis aspects
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Soulaymani Bencheikh,R.; Idrissi,M.; Tamim,O.; Semlali,I.; Mokhtari,A.; Tayebi,M.; Soulaymani,A.
The present study aimed at verifying the impact of a Moroccan strategy against scorpion stings and, specifically, at identifying the epidemiological features of the patients envenomed or just stung by scorpions. The investigation included 4089 patients from a province of Morocco which were evaluated over three years (2001, 2002 and 2003). Most stings occurred during the hot period and mainly at night (between 6:00 p.m. and 12:00 p.m.). The average incidence was 2.8‰, the average age of the patients was 26.7±18.2 years, and the envenomation rate was 6.7%. Mortality rate was 0.05‰, and average lethality rate was 0.7%. Analysis of variance showed that young age, symptoms at admission, and long time elapsed between sting and admission were correlated with poor...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Scorpions; Strategy; Morocco.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992007000200005

Snakebites in Turkey: epidemiological and clinical aspects between the years 1995 and 2004
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Cesaretli,Y; Ozkan,O.
The venom of poisonous snakes comprises a complex mixture of several proteins with other less significant constituents, resulting in principles capable of changing viable tissues. The hemotoxic factor is the main responsible for necrosis and tissue sloughing. Envenomations are common in rural areas of Turkey caused by snake species that present hepatotoxic venom, which causes local swelling, ecchymosis and alterations in blood profile. The epidemiological and clinical findings of snake envenomations in Turkey were evaluated based on data recorded by the National Poison Information Center (NPIC) between 1995 and 2004, in a total of 550 snakebite cases. The month of peak incidence was June (24.3%) while most incidents occurred in Marmara, Central Anatolia...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Snakebite; Envenomation; Clinical features; Epidemiology; Turkey.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992010000400007

Snakebites notified to the poison control center of Morocco between 2009 and 2013
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Chafiq,Fouad; Hattimy,Faiçal El; Rhalem,Naima; Chippaux,Jean-Philippe; Soulaymani,Abdelmajid; Mokhtari,Abdelrhani; Soulaymani-Bencheikh,Rachida.
Abstract  Background  Snakebites cause considerable death and injury throughout the globe, particularly in tropical regions, and pose an important yet neglected threat to public health. In 2008, the Centre Anti Poison et de Parmacovigilance du Maroc (CAPM) started to set up a specific strategy for the control of snakebites that was formalized in 2012. The aim of the present study is to describe and update the epidemiological characteristics of snakebites notified to CAPM between 2009 and 2013.  Methods  This retrospective five-year study included all cases of snakebites notified to CAPM by mail or phone.  Results  During the study period, 873 snakebite cases were reported to CAPM, an average incidence of 2.65 cases per 100,000 inhabitants with 218 cases...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Snakebite; Envenomation; Viper; Morocco; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992016000100308

Mesobuthus eupeus scorpionism in Sanliurfa region of Turkey
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Ozkan,O.; Kat,I.
The epidemiology and clinical findings of scorpion stings in Sanliurfa region of Turkey, from May to September 2003, were evaluated in this study. Mesobuthus eupeus (M. eupeus) plays a role on 25.8% of the scorpionism cases. This study also showed that intoxications caused by M. eupeus in the southeast of Anatolia region were seen in hot months of the summer, especially on July. Females and people above 15 years old were mostly affected and stung on extremities. Intense pain in the affected area was observed in 98.7% cases, hyperemia in 88.8%, swelling in 54.6%, burning in 19.7%, while numbness and itching were seen less frequently. In our study, the six most frequently observed symptoms were local pain, hyperemia, swelling, burning, dry mouth, thirst,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Mesobuthus eupeus; Turkey; Scorpionism; Epidemiology; Clinical symptoms.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992005000400008

Distribution and factors associated with Fasciola hepatica infection in cattle in the south of Espírito Santo State, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: DP,Alves; MB,Carneiro; IVF,Martins; CC,Bernardo; DM,Donatele; Pereira Júnior OS,; BR,Almeida; BR,Avelar; AGC,Leão.
Fasciolosis is a disease that affects the liver parenchyma and bile ducts of numerous animals, including humans, which causes economic losses and threatens public health. The present work aimed at reporting the distribution and factors connected with Fasciola hepatica infection in cattle in ten municipalities in southern Espírito Santo, Brazil, between 2008 and 2009. During this period, 50 rural properties in ten cities were analyzed and fecal samples from 10% of the cattle on each farm were collected. Of the 717 samples analyzed, 154 (21.33%) presented Fasciola hepatica eggs. As for the 50 rural properties studied, 32 (64%) had animals positive for fasciolosis. Throughout the evaluation, it was observed that 42 (84%) rural properties had flooded areas, 33...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Fasciolosis; Epidemiology; Ruminants.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992011000300006

Epidemiological profile of snakebites in Morocco
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Arfaoui,A; Hmimou,R; Ouammi,L; Soulaymani,A; Mokhtari,A; Chafiq,F; Soulaymani-Bencheikh,R.
The present work aims to find the epidemiological profile of snakebites in Morocco through a retrospective study of 1,423 snakebite cases that occurred between 1992 and 2007. Data were obtained from medical charts of envenomation at the Poison Control and Pharmacovigilance Center of Morocco. Results revealed that 86% of the snakebites had occurred in rural areas and that males were significantly more affected than females at a sex ratio of 23:20. Furthermore, 35% of the bites happened during the summer, with a peak of 215 cases in June (15.1%). We also discovered that 67.3% of the patients were bitten during the day. The age group that comprised the most agriculturally active persons, from 20 to 44 years old, was the most affected by snakebites (551...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Snakebites; Epidemiology; Mortality; Morocco.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992009000400005

Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of injuries caused by venomous snakes observed at the hospital for tropical diseases of Araguaína, Tocantins State, Brazil, from 1995 to 2000
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Paula Neto,J. B.; Ribeiro,R. S. P.; Luz,J. A.; Galvão,M.; Carvalho,S. M. D.; Haddad Junior,V.
Injuries caused by venomous snakes are considered a problem of public health in Brazil, and further studies for a better knowledge are very important. The aim of this work is to describe clinical and epidemiological characteristics that were observed from 1995 to 2000 in the Hospital for Tropical Diseases of Araguaína, Tocantins State, Brazil, which is a unit of health that takes care of patients suffering from tropical diseases. We studied 440 individuals and the most common characteristics observed were masculine sex, age among 15-45 years, bite in low members, and injuries caused by snakes of the Bothrops genus. The signs and symptoms more frequently observed were edema, pain, erythema, and bleeding. The most observed systemic manifestation was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report
Palavras-chave: Snakebite; Tocantins State; Brazil; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992005000400004

On the interference of clinical outcome on rabies transmission an perpetuation
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Brandão,PE.
Rabies is a viral zoonotic infectious disease that affects mammals and is caused by genotypes/species of the Lyssavirus genus (Rhabdoviridae, Mononegavirales), with the genotype 1 (classic rabies virus - RABV) being the most prevalent. Despite continuous efforts, rabies is still an incurable disease that causes thousands of deaths amongst humans worldwide. Due to a wide range of hosts and the different evolutionary paths of RABV in each host, several host-specific variants have arisen in an ongoing process. The result of RABV replication in nervous tissues may lead to two opposite clinical outcomes, i.e., paralytic/dumb form and encephalitic/furious one. The paralytic form creates dead-end hosts mainly amongst herbivores, while the furious form of the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Rabies; Transmission; Disease ecology; Epidemiology; Immune response.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992009000200003

The international view of envenoming in Brazil: myths and realities
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Bochner,Rosany.
Being distant from Brazil's great natural diversity, from its long tradition in the study of snakebites and from the fact that it is one of the few countries which has a national information system for monitoring incidents involving venomous animals, non-Brazilian researchers face risks when estimating the incidence of these accidents in the country. The present work offers a critical review of the main estimates undertaken since 1954. It is interesting to note contradictions between textual and graphic information within the same article, variations over time in the work of a same researcher and differences among distinct authors, and that all these issues remain unmentioned or undiscussed. Comparison among such estimates and the data available at the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Incidence; Snakebites; Scorpionism; Epidemiology; Information systems.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992013000100205

Taxonomy and epidemiology of Mucor irregularis, agent of chronic cutaneous mucormycosis
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Lu, X.-L.; Najafzadeh, M.J.; Dolatabadi, S.; Ran, Y.-P.; Shen, Y.-N.; Li, C.-Y.; Xi, L.-Y.; Hao, F.; Zhang, Q.-Q.; Li, R.-Y.; Hu, Z.-M.; Lu, G.-X.; Wang, J.-J.; Drogari-Apiranthitou, M.; Klaassen, C.; Meis, J.F.; Hagen, F.; Liu, W.-D.; Hoog, G.S. de.
Mucormycosis usually presents as a progressive infection with significant angio-invasion. Mucormycosis due to Mucor irregularis (formerly Rhizomucor variabilis var. variabilis), however, is exceptional in causing chronic cutaneous infection in immunocompetent humans, ultimately leading to severe morbidity if left untreated. More than 90 % of the cases known to date were reported from Asia, mainly from China. The nearest neighbour of M. irregularis is the saprobic species M. hiemalis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the taxonomic position, epidemiology, and intra- and inter-species diversity of M. irregularis based on 21 strains (clinical n = 17) by multilocus analysis using ITS, LSU, RPB1 and RPB2 genes, compared to results of cluster analysis with...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Chronic cutaneous infection; Epidemiology; Mucor hiemalis; Mucor irregularis; Mucormycosis; Taxonomy.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/532463

Phylogeography and evolutionary patterns in Sporothrix spanning more than 14 000 human and animal case reports
Provedor de dados: 16
Autores: Zhang, Y.; Hagen, F.; Stielow, B.; Rodrigues, A.M.; Samerpitak, K.; Zhou, X.; Feng, P.; Yang, L.; Chen, M.; Deng, S.; Li, S.; Liao, W.; Li, R.; Li, F.; Meis, J.F.; Guarro, J.; Teixeira, M.; Al-Zahrani, H.S.; Pires de Camargo, Z.; Zhang, L.; Hoog, G.S. de.
Pathology to vertebrate hosts has emerged repeatedly in the order Ophiostomatales. Occasional infections have been observed in Sporothrix mexicana at a low level of virulence, while the main pathogenic species cluster in a derived clade around S. schenckii s.str. In this paper, phylogeny and epidemiology of the members of this clade were investigated for 99 clinical and 36 environmental strains using four genetic loci, viz. rDNA ITS and partial CAL, TEF1, and TEF3; data are compared with ampliﬁed fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) genotyping. The four main species of the pathogenic clade were recognised. The species proved to show high degrees of endemicity, which enabled interpretation of literature data where live material or genetic information is...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Historical biogeography; Phylogeny; Sapronosis; Sporothrix; Sporotrichosis; Transmission routes; Yeast conversion; Zoonosis.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/588679

Riesgo de transmisión de Trypanosoma cruzi en el municipio de Metztitlán, estado de Hidalgo, México, mediante la caracterización de unidades domiciliares y sus índices entomológicos
Provedor de dados: 82
Autores: Becerril,Marco A; Angeles-Pérez,Vidal; Noguez-García,Julio Cr; Imbert-Palafox,José L.
In order to determine the risk of transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi by triatomines in Metztitlan municipality, Hidalgo State, Mexico, entomological indexes were calculated and the characteristics of dwellings were described. A transversal, retrospective, descriptive, and observational study was performed by means of an intentional not probabilistic and expertise sampling from January to December of 2005 in 10 localities in which presence of triatomines were investigated either intra or peridomestic environmental in 699 houses. Building material and presence of infected triatomines with T. cruzi were registered to determine entomologic indexes. The triatomine species collected were: Triatoma barberi (Usinger) and T. mexicana (Herrich-Schaeffer) (Hemiptera:...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Triatoma barberi; Triatoma mexicana; Chagas disease; Vector; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1519-566X2010000500021

Epidemiology of Ruminant Trypanosomiasis in Riyom L. G. A of Plateau State, Nigeria
Provedor de dados: 19
Autores: Balak, G. G.; Abdullahi, S. U.; Omotainse, S. O.; Shamaki, B. U.; Kalejaiye, J. O.; Eche, T. A.
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Ruminant Trypanosomiasis and Plateau State.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/636

Epidemiological and Genotypical Mapping of Human Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis in Paraguay
Provedor de dados: 19
Autores: Pacheco, Paquel S.; Santos, Elizabeth Gloria O. Barbosa; Brito, Celia Maria M.; Pires, Marize Q.; Marzochi, Mauro Celio A.
Palavras-chave: Leishmania; Kinetoplast DNA; Zymodeme analysis; Molecular hybridization; Epidemiology.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/320

Epidemiological Survey of Animal trypanosomiasis in Kaltungo Local Government Area Gombe State Nigeria
Provedor de dados: 19
Autores: Usman, S. B.; Babatunde, O. O.; Oladipo, K. J.; Felix, L. A. G.; Gutt, B. G.; Dongkum, C.
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Animal trypanosomiasis; Public health significance; Gombe State.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/2237

Risk factors for stillbirths and mortality during the first 24 h of life on dairy farms in Hokkaido, Japan 2005-2009
Provedor de dados: 19
Autores: Kayano, M.; Kadohira, M.; Stevenson, M. A.
This was a retrospective cohort study using data from the insurance scheme provided by the Japanese Mutual Aid Association (NOSAI). The population of interest comprised all cattle born on NOSAI-client farms in the Japanese prefecture of Hokkaido, Japan for the period 1 April 2005-31 March 2009. The outcome of interest was whether or not at least one calf was stillborn, had died during delivery or died during the first 24 hours of life for a given calving event, termed first 24h mortality risk. A mixed-effects logistic regression model was developed to identify explanatory variables associated with first 24h mortality risk. The final data set comprised details of 1,281,737 calving events on a total of 5172 dairy herds from 19 NOSAI branches located...
Palavras-chave: Japan; Peri-natal mortality; Dairy; Multilevel modelling; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/4443

Phylogenetic analysis of Theileria orientalis in cattle bred in Fujian province，China
Provedor de dados: 19
Autores: Sivakumar, T; Khukhuu, A; Igarashi, I; Xuan, X; Guo, G; Huang, X; Yokoyama, N; 五十嵐, 郁男; 玄, 学南; 横山, 直明.
A molecular epidemiological survey on Theileria orientalis was conducted in a cattle population of Fujian province in China. The screening polymerase chain reaction assay showed that 23 (45%) of 51 blood samples were positive for T. orientalis. DNA sequencing of the major piroplasm surface antigen-encoding gene indicated the presence of 3 different genotypes in the study area(types 1，2，and 5) and identified T. orientalis types 1 and 2 as the major genotypes in the sample population.  Because type 2 (Ikeda type in Japan) has been recognized as a relatively virulent genotype of T. orientalis，control and preventive measures to minimize the incidence of infectious diseases among cattle bred in China are necessary.
Palavras-chave: Theileria orientalis; Cattle; China; Epidemiology; Genotype.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/3098

PCR Detection and Genetic Diversity of Bovine Hemoprotozoan Parasites in Vietnam
Provedor de dados: 19
Autores: SIVAKUMAR, Thillaiampalam; LAN, Dinh Thi Bich; LONG, Phung Thang; YOSHINARI, Takeshi; TATTIYAPONG, Muncharee; GUSWANTO, Azirwan; OKUBO, Kazuhiro; IGARASHI, Ikuo; INOUE, Noboru; XUAN, Xuenan; YOKOYAMA, Naoaki; 井上, 昇; 玄, 学南; 横山, 直明.
Hemoprotozoan infections often cause serious production losses in livestock. In the present study, we conducted a PCR-based survey of Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina, Theileria annulata, Theileria orientalis, Trypanosoma evansi and Trypanosoma theileri, using 423 DNA samples extracted from blood samples of cattle (n=202), water buffaloes (n=43), sheep (n=51) and goats (n=127) bred in the Hue and Hanoi provinces of Vietnam. With the exception of T. annulata and T. evansi, all other parasite species (B. bovis, B. bigemina, T. orientalis and T. theileri) were detected in the cattle populations with B. bovis being the most common among them. Additionally, four water buffaloes and a single goat were infected with B. bovis and B. bigemina, respectively. The Hue...
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Hemoprotozoa; Livestock; PCR; Vietnam.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/4015

Babesia ovata: Taxonomy, phylogeny and epidemiology
Provedor de dados: 19
Autores: Sivakumar, Thillaiampalam; Igarashi, Ikuo; Yokoyama, Naoaki.
Babesia ovata, which is transmitted by Haemaphysalis longicornis, is an intraerythrocytic protozoan parasite of cattle. Based on its morphology, B. ovata is classified as a large-type Babesia. The developmental stages of B. ovata have been described both in cattle and the tick vector. In infected adult female ticks, the parasite is transovarially transmitted to the tick eggs. The sexual reproduction of B. ovata has been demonstrated in the tick midgut. The diagnostic tools that are currently available for the specific detection of B. ovata in cattle include microscopy and polymerase chain reaction assays. The development of improved molecular and serological diagnostic tools has been constrained by the limited availability of genetic data. B. ovata has...
Palavras-chave: Babesia ovata; Cattle; Epidemiology; Phylogeny; Taxonomy.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/4555

Epidemiology of bovine hemoprotozoa parasites in cattle and water buffalo in Vietnam
Provedor de dados: 19
Autores: WEERASOORIYA, Gayani; SIVAKUMAR, Thillaiampalam; LAN, Dinh Thi Bich; LONG, Phung Thang; TAKEMAE, Hitoshi; IGARASHI, Ikuo; INOUE, Noboru; YOKOYAMA, Naoaki.
A PCR-based survey of hemoprotozoa parasites detected Babesia bigemina, Theileria orientalis and Trypanosoma theileri among cattle and water buffalo in Vietnam, and a new Babesia sp. closely related to Babesia ovata was detected in cattle only. In addition, Theileria annulata and Trypanosoma evansi were not detected in both cattle and water buffalo. Phylogenetic analysis detected T. orientalis MPSP genotypes 3, 5, 7 and N3 in cattle and 5, 7, N1 and N2 in water buffalo. Additionally, water buffalo-derived T. theileri CATL sequences clustered together with a previously reported cattle-derived sequence from Vietnam. This is the first report of a new Babesia sp. in cattle, and T. orientalis MPSP genotype 7 and T. theileri in water buffalo in Vietnam.
Palavras-chave: Cattle; Epidemiology; Hemoprotozoa; Vietnam; Water buffalo.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/4344

Detection of Rickettsial DNA in ixodid ticks recovered from dogs and cats in Japan
Provedor de dados: 19
Autores: Hiraoka, Hiroko; Shimada, Yojiro; Sakata, Yoshimi; Watanabe, Malaika; Itamoto, Kazuhito; Okuda, Masaru; Inokuma, Hisashi; 猪熊, 壽.
DNA from ticks recovered from 1137 dogs and 133 cats from Ell over Japan were examined for Rickettsia infection by citrate synthase gene (gltA)-based PCR and partial nucleotide sequencing. A total of 91 dog tick samples and 18 cat tick samples showed a single band of the appropriate size in the nested PCR. Sequence analysis was successfully performed on 102 samples. DNA of Rickettsia japonica or closely related Rickettsia spp. strains were detected from 38 licks in 16 prefectures mainly in western Japan. The other 33, detected from 13 prefectures including Hokkaido and Okinawa, were found to be Rickettsia helvetica or closely related strains. A total of 29 DNA that showed highest homology with Rickettsia akari or closely related strains were detected in 19...
Palavras-chave: Canine; Epidemiology; Feline; Rickettsia; Tick.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/923

Epidemiology of Surra : Unanswered Questions
Provedor de dados: 19
Autores: Luckins, A. G.
Palavras-chave: Trypanosoma evansi; Epidemiology; Control.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/285

Strategies for the Control of Surra in Asia
Provedor de dados: 19
Autores: Ozawa, Y.
Palavras-chave: Diagnostic methods; Epidemiology; Treatment; Trypanosoma evansi.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/284

Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning (ASP)
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Ravn, H.
In this manual a review is provided of the chemical and toxicological aspects of Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning (ASP). The document contains information on chemical structure, chemical data, where to obtain standards and reference materials, the origin and occurrence, chemical analysis, mouse bioassay, epidemiology, mechanisms of action, symptoms and therapeutics. The practical use of this document has been highlighted in agreement with the Members of the Task Team on Aquatic Biotoxins. This document is prepared by Dr. H. Ravn, IOC together with Prof. T. Yasumoto, Tohoku University, Japan, Chairman of the Task Team on Aquatic Biotoxins. Dr. J. Ramsdell, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Charleston Laboratory, USA has supplied parts of...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Fish intoxication; Poisonous organisms; Fish diseases; Shellfish; Epidemiology; Chemical analysis; Shellfish; Fish diseases; Epidemiology.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/2799

Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning (ASP)
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Ravn, H.
In this manual a review is provided of the chemical and toxicological aspects of Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning (ASP). The document contains information on chemical structure, chemical data, where to obtain standards and reference materials, the origin and occurrence, chemical analysis, mouse bioassay, epidemiology, mechanisms of action, symptoms and therapeutics. The practical use of this document has been highlighted in agreement with the Members of the Task Team on Aquatic Biotoxins. This document is prepared by Dr. H. Ravn, IOC together with Prof. T. Yasumoto, Tohoku University, Japan, Chairman of the Task Team on Aquatic Biotoxins. Dr. J. Ramsdell, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Charleston Laboratory, USA has supplied parts of...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Fish intoxication; Poisonous organisms; Fish diseases; Shellfish; Epidemiology; Chemical analysis; Shellfish; Fish diseases; Epidemiology; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7033; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2920; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2615.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/2799

Application of AFLP for taxonomic and epidemiological studies of &lt;i&gt;Photobacterium damselae&lt;/i&gt; subsp. &lt;i&gt;piscicida&lt;/i&gt;
Provedor de dados: 27
Autores: Thyssen, A.; Van Eygen, S.; Hauben, L.; Goris, J.; Swings, J.; Ollevier, F.P.
A collection of 106 &lt;i&gt;Photobacterium damselae&lt;/i&gt; subsp. &lt;i&gt;piscicida&lt;/i&gt; strains and 19 &lt;i&gt;Photobacterium damselae&lt;/i&gt; subsp. &lt;i&gt;damselae&lt;/i&gt; strains, including reference and type strains, were genetically characterized using AFLP. The total genomic DNA of each bacterial strain was digested using restriction endonucleases &lt;i&gt;Hind&lt;/i&gt;III and &lt;i&gt;Taq&lt;/i&gt;I. Using numerical analysis, six clusters were recognized. The largest cluster (n=106) contained the majority of the strains tested and consisted exclusively of &lt;i&gt;Photobacterium damselae&lt;/i&gt; subsp. &lt;i&gt;piscicida&lt;/i&gt;. The &lt;i&gt;Photobacterium damselae&lt;/i&gt; subsp. &lt;i&gt;damselae&lt;/i&gt; strains fell...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Taxonomy.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=9527

Selection of shrimp breeders free of white spot syndrome and infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Mello Junior,Carlos Cesar de; Delsol,Gael Yvan Leclercq; Motte,Emmerik; Escobar,Virna Alexia Cedeño; Rey,Pedro Filipe; Martins,Mauricio Laterça; Arana,Luis Alejandro Vinatea; Mello,Giovanni Lemos de; Farias,Alvaro Pestana de; Arguello,Xavier Antonio Serrano; Maridueña,John Erick Montaño.
The objective of this work was to select surviving breeders of Litopenaeus vannamei from white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) outbreak, adapted to local climatic conditions and negatively diagnosed for WSSV and infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV), and to evaluate if this strategy is a viable alternative for production in Santa Catarina, Brazil. A total of 800 males and 800 females were phenotypically selected in a farm pond. Nested-PCR analyses of 487 sexually mature females and 231 sexually mature males showed that 63% of the females and 55% of the males were infected with IHHNV. Animals free of IHHNV were tested for WSSV, and those considered double negative were used for breeding. The post-larvae produced were stocked in nine...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Litopenaeus vannamei; Breeding; Epidemiology; Nested-PCR.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2011000500011

Population dynamics of Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. phaseolicola in bean, throughout the epiphytic and pathogenic phases
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Marques,Abi Soares dos Anjos; Samson,Régine.
Abstract: The objective of this work was to monitor traits of the life cycle of Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. phaseolicola, in order to better understand the outbreak of bean halo blight, originating from a bacterial population in asymptomatic plants. Five experiments were conducted in the field, in greenhouses, and in humidity chambers. Changes in population size were evaluated in three field plantings, by introducing the bacteria in contamination focal points and observing the weather conditions favoring an outbreak. The dispersion of the bacteria in the field was followed by isolation and Bio-PCR analysis. Two assays were conducted in greenhouses and humidity chambers to evaluate the effect of leaf age on disease expression and the relationship between...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Phaseolus vulgaris; Bio-PCR; Epidemiology; Halo blight; Plant quarantine; Weather conditions.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2016000500623

MORBIDITY/MORTALITY AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT OF SWINE IN THE UNITED STATES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bush,   Eric J.
A national survey on swine health was conducted by the National Animal Health Monitoring System ( NAHMS ) from December 1989 through January 1991. The survey sample was designed in collaboration with the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS ) in order to provide inferences about the nation's hog population, 95 percent of which was represented. The program consisted of two parts: the first was a general farm management and policy questionnaire  that was completed by 1,661 producers. The second part of the program was a monitoring phase that took place over a three-month period for each of 712 participating producers. Per litter estimates for the national population showed an average of 9.9 piglets born alive and 8.4 weaned. Estimates attributed 57...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Swine; Monitoring; Epidemiology; Production; Morbidity; Mortality; Births; Litter size; Prevention; Disease; Docking; Teeth clipping; Vaccination; Injection; Antibiotics; Water quality; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32761

Measuring the economic benefits and costs of Bluetongue virus outbreak and control strategies in Scotland
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fofana,   Abdulai; Toma,   Luiza; Moran,   Dominic; Gunn,   George J.; Stott,   Alistair W.
This paper provides an ex-ante economic analysis, comparing six alternative control strategies for the eradication of Bluetongue virus 8 against five incursion scenarios in cattle and sheep populations. The economic analysis assumes a common baseline unavoidable cost of public and private measures that together contribute to prevention of incursion of BTV8 into Scotland. These costs continue over the five year horizon of this analysis regardless of whether a BTV8 epidemic ensues in Scotland and their total present value was found to be approximately £141m over the 5year period. The benefit of this investment is the costs of a BTV8 outbreak avoided; which depends on the time, location and nature of the incursion, on the control strategies adopted to counter...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Bluetongue virus; Epidemiology; Direct and indirect costs; Benefit analysis; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51052

DAIRY HEIFER MORBIDITY, MORTALITY, AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT FOCUSING ON PREWEANED HEIFERS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ott,   Stephen L.
The National Dairy Heifer Evaluation Project ( NDHEP ) was conducted by the National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS ) from April 1991 through July 1992. A total of 921 producers monitored calves on a daily basis from the first through the eighth week of life; results were extrapolated to the U.S. dairy population. Mortality of heifer calves was examined according to region ( west, midwest, northeast, southeast ). Mortality was highest in the western region ( 9.1 percent ) and lowest in the midwestern region ( 5.6 percent ). Calf deaths were highest in the two quarters October-December and January-March ( 8.4 percent each quarter ) and lowest in the quarter April-June ( 5.2 percent ). The overall average of stillborn calves was 1.6 percent. Calving...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Dairy; Cattle; Monitoring; Epidemiology; Preweaning; Heifer; Production; Diseases; Morbidity; Mortality; Death; Illness; Respiratory; Reproduction; Digestive; Musculoskeletal; Nervous system; Mastitis; Maternity; Injections; Antibiotics; Milk replacer; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32756

CHAPA, BEEF COW/CALF HEALTH AND PRODUCTIVITY AUDIT, PART IV: BEEF COW/CALF BREEDING MANAGEMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dargatz,   David.
As part of the National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS ), USDA:APHIS:Veterinary Services conducted a national study of beef production, the Beef Cow/Calf Health and Productivity Audit (CHAPA). This study was designed to provide both participants and the industry with information on cow/calf health, productivity, and management practices. The National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) collaborated with USDA:APHIS:VS to select a producer sample that was statistically designed to provide inferences about the nation's cow/calf population. Data for Part IV: Beef Cow/Calf Breeding Management were collected by federal and state veterinary officers (VMO's) in 18 of the largest cow/calf producing states between July 1 and July 30, 1993. These 18 states...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Epidemiology; Beef cattle; Calves; Breeding; Mortality; Grazing; Trichomonas fetus; Vaccination; Deworming; Palpation; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32753

CHAPA, BEEF COW/CALF HEALTH AND PRODUCTIVITY AUDIT, PART III: BEEF COW/CALF HEALTH MANAGEMENT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dargatz,   David.
As part of the National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS ), USDA:APHIS:Veterinary Services conducted a national study of beef production, the Beef Cow/Calf Health and Productivity Audit (CHAPA). This study was designed to provide both participants and the industry with information on cow/calf health, productivity, and management practices. Data for Part III: Beef Cow/Calf Health &amp; Health Management were collected by federal and state veterinary officers (VMO's) in 18 of the largest cow/calf producing states between January 4 and February 28, 1993. These 18 states represented 70 percent of the U.S. beef cow inventory. Participating producers had five or more beef cows or beef replacement heifers and fifty percent or more of their 1992 calf crop...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Epidemiology; Beef cattle; Calves; Breeding; Calving; Calf crop; Replacement heifers; Economics; Sales; Disease; Parasites; Pinkeye; Scours; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32748

Jointly-Determined Livestock Disease Dynamics and Decentralized Economic Behavior
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gramig,   Benjamin M.; Horan,   Richard D.
We develop a dynamic model of livestock disease and decentralized economic behavior as a jointly-determined system. By accounting for feedbacks between behavioral choices and disease outcomes we capture the endogenous nature of infection risks. We consider government mandated testing of livestock herds and how private biosecurity incentives are affected by the structure of disease eradication polices. How well disease control policies are targeted affects their effectiveness and may result in farmers substituting government testing and disease surveillance for private biosecurity. Numerical simulation results demonstrate that failing to account for feedbacks between disease and economic dynamics may underestimate the level of infection. Not accounting for...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Bioeconomics; Epidemiology; Replicator dynamics; Externalities; Strategic behavior; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49260

EQUINE '98, PART III: MANAGEMENT AND HEALTH OF HORSES, 1998
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Garber,   Lindsey.
The National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) is sponsored by the USDA:APHIS:Veterinary Services (VS). The NAHMS Equine '98 Study was designed to provide information about the nation's equine population. Twenty-eight states were included in the study.  The USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) collaborated with VS to select a statistically-valid sample such that inferences could be made to all equids and operations with equids in the 28 states. For the purposes of the study, equids included domestic horses, miniature horses, ponies, donkeys/burros, and mules. For Part III of the study, data were collected by Federal and State Veterinary Medical Officers and Animal Health Technicians between March 16, 1998, to April 10, 1998, from...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Horse; Epidemiology; Health; Disease; Vaccination; Stall management; Hoof care; Parasites; Tetanus; Influenza; Encephalitis; Influenza; Herpes virus; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32745

Economic Impacts of Foreign Animal Disease
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Paarlberg,   Philip L.; Hillberg,   Ann; Lee,   John G.; Mathews,   Kenneth H., Jr.
This report presents a modeling framework in which epidemiological model results are integrated with an economic model of the U.S. agricultural sector to enable estimation of the economic impacts of outbreaks of foreign-source livestock diseases. To demonstrate the model, the study assessed results of a hypothetical outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). The modeling framework includes effects of the FMD episode on all major agricultural products and assesses these effects on aggregate supply, demand, and trade over 16 quarters. Model results show a potential for large trade-related losses for beef, beef cattle, hogs, and pork, though relatively few animals are destroyed. The swine and pork sectors recover shortly after assumed export restrictions end,...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Animal disease; Epidemiology; Foot and mouth disease (FMD); Sector model; Trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56453

Disease and Behavioral Dynamics for Brucellosis Control in Elk and Cattle in the Greater Yellowstone Area
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Xie,   Fang; Horan,   Richard D.
This paper investigates private responses and ecological impacts of policies proposed to confront the problem of brucellosis being spread from elk to cattle in Wyoming.  The policies consist of combinations of changes in elk feeding and population levels.  Farmers’ responses to these dynamics are modeled along with the associated impacts to livestock population dynamics. Our findings suggest that feedbacks between jointly determined disease dynamics and decentralized economic behavior matter, and the elk feedgrounds do not actually generate economic harm to the individual farmers.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Bioeconomics; Disease ecology; Epidemiology; Replicator dynamics; Susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) model; Wildlife disease; Wildlife feeding; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51707

SWINE '95 PART III: CHANGES IN THE U.S. PORK INDUSTRY, 1990-1995
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bush,   Eric J.
This report is the third of a three-part release of national information from the second National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) swine study. For the Swine '95 study, the USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) collaborated with Veterinary Services (VS) to select a producer sample that was statistically designed to provide inferences to the nation's swine population. Data collected for the study represented the top 16 pork states and nearly 91 percent of the U.S. hog inventory, as well as nearly three fourths of the nation's pork producers. In the 6 years from 1990 through 1995, hog and pig inventory estimates increased approximately 7 percent. The number of U.S. swine operations decreased more than 30 percent. The proportion of...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Swine; Monitoring; Epidemiology; Production; Mortality; Disease; Mortality; Demographic changes; Breeding; Waste management; Deworm; Antibiotics; Mange; Lice; Marketing; Culling; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32771

IMPORTANCE OF INCOME IN COW-CALF MANAGEMENT AND PRODUCTIVITY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ott,   Stephen L.
The USDA's National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) collected data on management practices and cow-calf herds as a source of family income from a representative sample of cow-calf producers from 23 of the leading cow-calf states.  Overall, 2,713 producers with one or more beef cows participated in the NAHMS Beef '97 Study, representing 85.7 percent of the beef cows and 77.6 percent of the beef cow operations in the United States as of January 1997. Producers whose cow-calf herds were the primary source of family income were more productive than those whose herds were a supplemental source of income. Cow-calf herds were the primary source of income for 14 percent of the producers and provided supplemental income for 69 percent of the producers....
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Beef; Cattle; Cow-calf; Epidemiology; Economics; Marketing; Management; Production; Income; Dehorning; Castration; Vaccinations; Breeding; Calving; Semen testing; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32792

Review of Statistics for Epidemiology by Jewell
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bellocco,   Rino.
This article reviews Statistics for Epidemiology by Jewell.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Biostatistics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117533

Stata and the WeeW information system
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vittorini,   Pierpaolo; Necozione,   Stefano; di Orio,   Ferdinando.
The need for timely collection and analysis of epidemiological data is becoming of primary importance, e.g., for bioterrorism detection or epidemiological surveillance. Web-based information systems (WISs) may provide the needed technological support. Thus we present the WeeW (workflow-enabled epidemiological WIS) system—i.e., a WIS that helps epidemiologists, through workflow management, to effectively select remote centers, collect, and process the received data to produce conclusive technical reports. In detail, we show the functionalities of the WeeW system, its architecture, and particularly Stata’s role in executing statistical analyses and producing graphs. Furthermore, we discuss the performance of the WeeW–Stata interface. Finally, we outline...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: WeeW; Web-based information systems; Epidemiology; Web development; Benchmarks; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119256

DAIRY HERD MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOCUSING ON PREWEANED HEIFERS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ott,   Stephen L.
The National Dairy Heifer Evaluation Project ( NDHEP ) was conducted by the National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS ) from April 1991 through July 1992 with the assistance of 1,811 producers from 28 states. Producers included in the study each had herds of 30 or more milk cows, representing 78 percent of the milk cows in the U.S. The average total of cattle and calves on each operation was 169.4. The main breed on 94.9% of operations was Holstein. Slightly over 46 percent of operations stated reproductive problems as the cause of low milk production of cows culled from the herd. Newborn calves were separated from their mothers before nursing on 28.0 percent of operations and less than 12 hours after birth on 39.6 percent of operations. On 64.0...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Dairy; Cattle; Monitoring; Epidemiology; Preweaning; Heifer; Production; Morbidity; Mortality; Death loss; Illness; Colostrum; Calving; Dehorning; Vaccination; Scours; Antibiotics; Feed; Milk replacer; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32754

Producer Livestock Disease Management Incentives and Decisions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wolf,   Christopher A.
This paper examines the economics of farm decisions to prevent and control infectious livestock disease. In the case of diseases with costly control tolerating some level of disease is often rational to the producer. Public policy intervention is based on future value and public good aspects of disease control which can lead to a discrepancy between private and public action thresholds. Producer incentives for disease management can be changed through new technologies that lower the cost of prevention or control, subsidies or cost sharing of control measures, or on the consumer side, a change in public desire for disease risk-free products that changes relative prices. Economists can incorporate appropriate epidemiology of a given disease in economic...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Disease; Epidemiology; Producer incentives; Public policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8179

ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES FOR DAIRY COW CULLING MANAGEMENT OPTIONS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ott,   Stephen L.
Due to a lack of national information about cull dairy cows, the USDA's National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) Dairy '96 Study investigated culling management practices. Operations included in the study represented 83.1 percent of U.S. milk cows. Most dairy cows were culled for reasons associated with their inability to profitably produce high-quality milk and calves; reasons for culling were not usually related to ill health or systemic disease. Results showed that almost all cull dairy cows in the US are intended for beef slaughter, as only about 4.4 percent were sent to other dairy operations. Nearly 77 percent of cows intended for beef slaughter were sent to markets, auctions, and sale barns, while 22 percent were sent straight to slaughter...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Dairy; Cattle; Monitoring; Epidemiology; Production; Economics; Culling; Transportation; Milk; Marketing; Disease; Slaughter condemnation; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45494

CHAPA, BEEF COW/CALF HEALTH AND PRODUCTIVITY AUDIT, PART II: BEEF COW/CALF REPRODUCTIVE AND NUTRITIONAL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dargatz,   David.
As part of the National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS ), USDA:APHIS:Veterinary Services conducted a national study of beef production, the Beef Cow/Calf Health and Productivity Audit (CHAPA). This study was designed to provide both participants and the industry with information on cow/calf health, productivity, and management practices. Data for Part II: Nutritional &amp; Reproductive Management Practices, were collected by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) from beef producers in 18 of the largest cow/calf producing states from November 9 through December 4, 1992. These 18 states represented 70 percent of the U.S. beef cow inventory. Participating producers had five or more beef cows or beef replacement heifers and fifty percent...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Epidemiology; Beef cattle; Calving; Replacement heifers; Economics; Culling; Disease; Weaning; Identification; Marketing; Supplements; Implants; Nutrition; Parasites; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32766

Disease and Behavioral Dynamics for Brucellosis Control in Elk and Cattle in the Greater Yellowstone Area
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Xie,   Fang; Horan,   Richard D.
This paper investigates private responses and ecological impacts of policies proposed to confront the problem of brucellosis being spread from elk to cattle in Wyoming. The policies consist of combinations of changes in elk feeding and population levels. Farmers' responses to these dynamics are modeled along with the associated impacts to livestock population dynamics. Our findings suggest that feedbacks between jointly determined disease dynamics and decentralized economic behavior matter, and the elk feedgrounds do not actually generate economic harm to the individual farmers.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Bioeconomics; Brucellosis; Disease ecology; Epidemiology; Replicator dynamics; Susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) model; Wildlife disease; Wildlife feeding; Livestock Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50165

SWINE '95 PART II: REFERENCE OF 1995 U.S. GROWER/FINISHER HEALTH AND  MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bush,   Eric J.
This report is the second of a three-part release of national information from the second National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) swine study, the Swine '95 Grower/Finisher. The 1990 National Swine Survey focused on farrowing sows and preweaning piglets. For the Swine '95 Study, the USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) collaborated with Veterinary Services (VS) to select a producer sample that was statistically designed to provide inferences to the nation's swine population. Data collected for the study represented the top 16 pork states and nearly 91 percent of the U.S. hog inventory, as well as nearly three fourths of the nation's pork producers. Data for this report were collected from 418 producers whose operations had 300 or...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Swine; Monitoring; Epidemiology; Production; Grower/finisher; Feed; Antibiotics; Waste management; Disease; Salmonella; Marketing; Slaughter; Biosecurity; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32770

MARKETING PRACTICES IN BEEF COW-CALF OPERATIONS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ott,   Stephen L.
The National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) Beef '97 Study collected data on the marketing practices of 2,713 beef cow-calf producers representing 85.7% of all beef cows as of January 1, 1997, in 23 leading cow-calf states. Of the operations included in the study, 67.4% sold steer calves, and 52.1% sold heifer calves for slaughter in the year preceding the study. By number of operations, auction was the most common method of selling steers (84.9% of operations) and private treaty was the second most popular marketing method (10.4% of operations). By number of steers sold, private treaty was the most common marketing method. For operations selling either steer or heifer calves, smaller operations were more likely to use auctions as a marketing...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Beef; Cattle; Cow-calf; Epidemiology; Economics; Marketing; Management; Weaning; Auctions; Income; Forward pricing; Futures contracts; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32793

CHAPA, BEEF COW/CALF HEALTH AND PRODUCTIVITY AUDIT, PART I: BEEF COW/CALF HERD MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN THE UNITED STATES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dargatz,   David.
As part of the National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS ), USDA:APHIS:Veterinary Services conducted a national study of beef production, the Beef Cow/Calf Health and Productivity Audit (CHAPA). This study was designed to provide both participants and the industry with information on cow/calf health, productivity, and management practices. Data for Part 1: Beef Cow/Calf Herd Management Practices in the United States, were collected from beef producers September 29 through October 9, 1992. The National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) collaborated with VS to select a statistically designed producer sample that represented all U.S. cow/calf operations in the 48 continental United States. Eighty-one percent of operations had commercial cattle...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Epidemiology; Beef cattle; Calves breeding; Artificial insemination; Mortality; Branding; Injections; Castration; Weaning; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32740

CHAPA, BEEF COW/CALF HEALTH AND PRODUCTIVITY AUDIT, PART V: QUALITY ASSURANCE PROFILE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dargatz,   David.
As part of the National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS ), USDA:APHIS:Veterinary Services conducted a national study of beef production, the Beef Cow/Calf Health and Productivity Audit (CHAPA). This study was designed to provide both participants and the industry with information on cow/calf health, productivity, and management practices. The National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) collaborated with USDA:APHIS:VS to select a producer sample that was statistically designed to provide inferences about the nation's cow/calf population. Data for Part V: Quality Assurance Profile were collected by federal and state veterinary officers (VMO's) in 18 of the largest cow/calf producing states between January 1 and January 31, 1994. The average...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Epidemiology; Beef cattle; Calves; Weaning; Value; Economics; Disease; Scours; Calf crop; Mortality; Calving problems; Parasites; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32767

A tool for deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analysis of epidemiologic studies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Orsini,   Nicola; Bellocco,   Rino; Bottai,   Matteo; Wolk,   Alicja; Greenland,   Sander.
Classification errors, selection bias, and uncontrolled confounders are likely to be present in most epidemiologic studies, but the uncertainty introduced by these types of biases is seldom quantified. The authors present a simple yet easy-to-use Stata command to adjust the relative risk for exposure misclassification, selection bias, and an unmeasured confounder. This command implements both deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analysis. It allows the user to specify a variety of probability distributions for the bias parameters, which are used to simulate distributions for the bias-adjusted exposure–disease relative risk. We illustrate the command by applying it to a case–control study of occupational resin exposure and lung-cancer deaths. By...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Episens; Episensi; Sensitivity analysis; Unmeasured confounder; Misclassification; Bias; Epidemiology; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120927

Optimal Control of Brucellosis in Bison  in the Yellowstone National Park Area
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Xie,   Fang; Horan,   Richard D.
Brucellosis is a highly infectious bacterial disease that causes infected females to abort their calves.  It has caused devastating losses to U.S. farmers over the last century. The only known focus of Brucellosis left in the nation is wildlife such as bison and elk in the Greater Yellowstone Area. Vaccination and test-and-slaughter have been applied to brucellosis management in bison, and there has been discussion that a combination of both could potentially eradicate the disease in the Yellowstone National Park. However, there is no study on how to allocate resources between the two actions. This paper investigates the optimal allocation of these two selective management options, in a bioeconomic framework, when there are both existence and recreational...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Bioeconomics; Brucellosis; Disease ecology; Epidemiology; Optimal control; Susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) model; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61334

MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ASSOCIATED WITH HIGH-PRODUCING U.S. DAIRY HERDS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ott,   Stephen L.
The National Animal Health Monitoring Systems (NAHMS) Dairy +96 Study of dairy herds in 20 states examined herd management practices that varied between high-producing (top 25%) and low-producing (bottom 25%) U.S. dairy herds. Only 100% Holstein herds were included in the study. Within four size categories (30-99 cows, 100-199 cows, 200-499 cows, 500 or more cows) herds were ranked by milk production per cow. High-producing herds were more likely to use Dairy Herd Improvement Association records or an on-farm computer system than low-producing herds. High-producing herds were also more likely to feed a total mixed ration, use forage test results in balancing feed rations, use bovine somatotropin (bST) and/or systematic prostaglandins, and vaccinate against...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Dairy; Cattle; Monitoring; Epidemiology; Economics; Holsteins; Production; Diseases; Vaccinations; Culling; Feed; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32750

DOWN MARKET EFFECTS IN BEEF COW-CALF HERDS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ott,   Stephen L.
In 1995 and 1996, prices for weaned calves were at the lowest point for the current cattle market cycle. The National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) Beef ,97 Study examined the effects of the down market on beef cow-calf herd management practices. Most producers did not alter management practices in response to the down market. Among producers who made changes, costs were cut largely in the area of herd health management. Specific management practices in which costs were cut included decreases in use of vaccinations (7.4% of operations), herd medications (7.7% of operations), individual cow medications (5.0% of operations), and veterinary services (14.1% of operations). Other ways that producers altered management practices in response to the down...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Beef; Cattle; Cow-calf; Epidemiology; Economics; Marketing; Management; Vaccinations; Medications; Veterinarians; Culling; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32794

SWINE '95 PART I: REFERENCE OF 1995 SWINE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bush,   Eric J.
This report is the first of a three-part release of national information from the second National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) swine study, the Swine '95 Grower/Finisher.  The first national study, 1990 National Swine Survey, focused on farrowing sows and preweaning piglets. For the Swine '95 Study, the USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) collaborated with Veterinary Services (VS) to select a producer sample that was statistically designed to provide inferences to the nation's swine population. Data for this report were collected from 1,477 producers in sixteen major pork production states, accounting for nearly 91 percent of the U.S. hog inventory and nearly three fourths of U.S. pork producers. By percent of pigs contained,...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Swine; Monitoring; Epidemiology; Production; Nursery; Grower/finisher; Mortality; Weaning; Disease; Breeding; Facilities; Waste management; Manure; Vaccination; Biosecurity; Environment; Carcass disposal; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32739

Review of Veterinary Epidemiologic Research by Dohoo, Martin, and Stryhn
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Audige,   Laurent.
This article reviews Veterinary Epidemiologic Research by Dohoo, Martin, and Stryhn.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Veterinary; Epidemiology; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116214

Epidemiology of Avian Infectious Laryngotracheitis with Special Focus to South America: an update
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Parra,SHS; Nuñez,LFN; Ferreira,AJP.
ABSTRACT Avian Infectious laryngotracheitis (AILT) is a respiratory tract disease of great importance because it causes significant economic losses in the poultry industry around the world. It is caused by a Gallid herpesvirus type 1, a member of the genus Iltovirus. The target system for Avian Infectious Laryngotracheitis virus (AILTV) infections is the respiratory system, and the main organ in which the virus remains latent is the trigeminal ganglia. However, the virus has demonstrated tropism for other organs besides the respiratory tract. The main transmission routes are ocular and respiratory. Infected birds with clinical symptoms are main sources of transmission, but birds with latent infections, litter, and contaminated fomites may also transmit the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Avian infectious laryngotracheitis; Biosecurity; Epidemiology; South America; Chicken.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2016000400551

Genetic Similarities of Escherichia Coli Isolated from Different Substrates of the Broiler Production Chain
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Teles,PFS; Boiago,MM; Frigo,A; Rampazzo,L; Araújo,DN; Kich,JD; Rebelatto,R; Furian,TQ; Stefani,LM.
ABSTRACT Brazil is the largest exporter of chicken meat and poultry farming is one of the most important productive segments, despite major losses due to the bacterium Escherichia coli, which is also a zoonotic microorganism. The objetive of this study was to isolate E. coli and to evaluate its transmissibility potential from the field to chicken meat using the Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) technique. Environmental samples (poultry litter, soil and water) were collected from broiler farms located in the South of Brazil where the majority of the Brazilian poultry production occurs. In addition, chicken meat (gizzard, heart, drumette and tulip) samples were collected from local supermarkets. As results, 47.36% of the samples were positives for E....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Environment; Epidemiology; Microbiology; Public health; Pulsed field gel electrophoresis.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2021000100308

Avian infectious bronchitis virus in Brazil: a highly complex virus meets a highly susceptible host population
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Brandão,PE.
Infectious bronchitis (IB) is a highly aggressive disease for poultry in terms of symptoms and economic losses, and the control of this disease is difficult if flocks are not protected against type-specific challenges by the Avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). This article summarizes data presented by the author at the Workshop on Infectious Bronchitis 2009 on IB and IBV, including future developments on the field.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: IBV; Genealogy; Pathogeny; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2010000200008

Identification of Eimeria mitis and Eimeria praecox in broiler feces using polymerase chain reaction
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Meireles,MV; Roberto,LO; Riera,RF.
There are few reports concerning the epidemiology of Eimeria praecox and Eimeria mitis in Brazil. In the present experiment, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to identify these species in 156 samples of broiler chicken feces from several Brazilian states and the Federal District. Oocysts present in feces samples were purified by sodium chloride flotation followed by addition of DNAzol reagent (Invitrogen®) for extraction of genomic DNA. DNA was precipitated and stored following DNAzol reagent manufacture's instructions. The primers and PCR conditions were as described by Schnitzler et al. (1999). In the 156 field samples analyzed by PCR, 70 and 45 were positive for E. praecox and E. mitis, respectively. In this study we have shown that DNA...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Diagnosis; Eimeria mitis; Eimeria praecox; Epidemiology; Polymerase chain reaction.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2004000400010

Campylobacter sp in organs and meconium of day-old broiler chicks derived from naturally infected breeder hens
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Fonseca,BB; Soncini,RA; Vieira,FL; Siqueira,MS; Guimarães,AR; Beletti,ME; Rossi,DA.
Campylobacter sp is an important agent that causes foodborne infection, particularly in food of poultry origin. Therefore, the efficient control of the transmission routes in chicken farms is of outmost importance to prevent it from spreading. In chicken farms, the main transmission route of this microorganism is horizontal, as the vertical route continues to be the object of inconclusive researches. The objective of this study was to verify the presence of Campylobacter sp in breeder hens, meconium, and other organs of day-old chicks derived from these breeders in order to obtain information on vertical transmission. Microbiological analyses were performed, using cloacal swabs from 279 breeder hens. Positive breeders were segregated, and the presence of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Campylobacter sp; Chickens; Vertical transmission; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2006000400010

Avian influenza: Eco-epidemiological aspects of the virus in its natural hosts, the migratory waterfowls
Provedor de dados: 97
Autores: MONTALVO-CORRAL,MARICELA; REYES-LEYVA,JULIO; HERNÁNDEZ,JESÚS.
Avian influenza viruses produce mainly respiratory and intestinal diseases. Their relevance in the generation of pandemic strains has led to a large amount of research to understand their distribution in nature, as well as the relations that become established for the effective transmission among different hosts. Waterfowl have been recognized as their natural reservoir and they play an important role in the propagation and generation of the diversity of these viruses. The emergence of new influenza viruses with pandemic potential among the human population (H5N1 of avian origin or recombinant H1N1 with avian segments) point our lack of information on many aspects of the ecology and epidemiology of these viruses in their natural hosts to enable the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Avian influenza; Ecology; Epidemiology; Migratory birds.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2010000400008

Epidemiological aspects and the main pathologies of a feline patients (Felis catus) treated at the veterinary hospital of the University of Marília from 2007 to 2009
Provedor de dados: 195
Autores: São Germano, Giorgina Graciela Rosolem; Arruda, Vanessa Aparecida; Manhoso, Fábio Fernando Ribeiro.
The cat is becoming the most popular pet, especially due to people’s actual life style. This specie possesses peculiarities and requires different maintenance conditions, besides presents different clinical characteristics from other animals. Thus, a feline epidemiologic profile was traced using the medical records from the Veterinary Hospital of the University of Marília, in the period of 2007 to 2009. It was observed that out of the pets attended for, 8.62% were felines, of which 52.47% were female and 47.53% were male. As for breeds, 77.20% had undefined breeds, 14.83% were Siamese and 7.97% were Persians, with age ranging from 45 days to 26 years. The main affections diagnosed were divided in the areas of internal medicine and surgery, and classified...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Felines; Marília epidemiologia; Felinos; Marília.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.revistamvez-crmvsp.com.br/index.php/recmvz/article/view/365

Host colonization differences between citrus and coffee isolates of Xylella fastidiosa in reciprocal inoculation
Provedor de dados: 63
Autores: Prado,Simone de Souza; Lopes,João Roberto Spotti; Demétrio,Clarice Garcia Borges; Borgatto,Adriano Ferreti; Almeida,Rodrigo Piacentini Paes de.
Citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC) and coffee stem atrophy (CSA) are important diseases in Brazil associated with closely-related strains of Xylella fastidiosa, but little is know about host aoverlappingnd importance of citrus and coffee as inoculum sources of these strains. In this study, reciprocal-inoculation experiments were performed to determine if CVC and CSA isolates are biologically similar within citrus and coffee plants. These two hosts were mechanically inoculated with a CVC and a CSA isolate of X. fastidiosa at four concentrations ranging between10³ and 10(9) colony forming units CFU mL-1. At two, four and eight months after inoculation, the infection efficiency and bacterial populations of the isolates in each host were determined by...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Citrus variegated chlorosis; Coffee leaf scorch; Inoculum concentration; Bacterial population; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162008000300005

Corn downy mildew project
Provedor de dados: 106
Autores: Narong Singburaudom; Wong Bunserbskul; Bonman, J.M.; Renfro, B.L.
5 tables
Palavras-chave: Corn; Maize; Downy mildew; Peronosclerospora sorghi; Infection; Epidemiology; Disease resistance; Varieties; Yields; ข้าวโพด; โรคราน้ำค้าง; การปรับปรุงพันธุ์; ความต้านทานโรค.
Ano: 1980
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/4018

Etiology symptomatology and epidemiology of sorghum ergot
Provedor de dados: 106
Autores: Tuanchai Boon-Long; Swai Nuangpai.
Palavras-chave: Sorghum; Ergot; Etiology; Symptomatology; Epidemiology; ข้าวฟ่าง; โรคเออร์ก็อท; การเกิดโรค.
Ano: 1985
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/4580

Survival of Botrytis cinerea as mycelium in rose crop debris and as sclerotia in soil
Provedor de dados: 102
Autores: Araújo,Alderi E; Maffia,Luiz A; Mizubuti,Eduardo S. G; Alfenas,Acelino C; Capdeville,Guy de; Grossi,José A. S.
Botrytis blight caused by Botrytis cinerea is an important disease of rose (Rosa hybrida) grown in greenhouses in Brazil. As little is known regarding the disease epidemiology under greenhouse conditions, pathogen survival in crop debris and as sclerotia was evaluated. Polyethylene bags with petals, leaves, or stem sections artificially infected with B. cinerea were mixed with crop debris in rose beds, in a commercial plastic greenhouse. High percentage of plant parts with sporulation was detected until 60 days, then sporulation decreased on petals after 120 days, and sharply decreased on stems or leaves after 90 days. Sporulation on petals continued for 360 days, but was not observed on stems after 150 days or leaves after 240 days. Although the fungus...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Rosa hybrida; Botrytis blight; Epidemiology; Management.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-41582005000500009

Quantitative analysis of two important epidemiological features of the common bean: Phaeoisariopsis griseola pathosystem
Provedor de dados: 102
Autores: Willocquet,Laetitia; Allorent,Delphine; Savary,Serge.
This work quantifies two important epidemiological features of the bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)/Phaeoisariopsis griseola pathosystem. The first is the effect of the number of nights of leaf wetness on infection efficiency. Infection efficiency was below 10% when inoculated leaflets were exposed to less than two nights of leaf wetness. Optimum infection efficiencies were obtained after three to four nights of leaf wetness, at about 50%. Further nights of leaf wetness did not increase the infection efficiency. The second feature quantified is the relative rate of leaflet defoliation for varying levels of angular leaf spot severity. It increased with disease severity according to a logarithm-like curve, and a relative rate of 0.23 day-1 was estimated for a...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Angular leaf spot; Phaseolus vulgaris; Infection efficiency; Defoliation; Leaf wetness; Monocycle process.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-41582004000600015

Geostical analysis of spatial dynamics of Citrus Variegated Chlorossis
Provedor de dados: 102
Autores: ROBERTO,SÉRGIO R.; FARIAS,PAULO R. S.; BERGAMIN FILHO,ARMANDO.
The spatial dynamics of Citrus Variegated Chlorosis (CVC) was studied in a five-year old commercial orchard of 'Valencia' sweet orange (Citrus sp.) trees, located in the northern region of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. One thousand trees were assessed in 25 rows of 40 trees, planted at 8 x 5 m spacing. Disease incidence data were taken beginning in March 1994 and ending in January 1996, at intervals of four to five months. Disease aggregation was observed through the dispersion index analysis (Ib), which was calculated by dividing the area into quadrants. CVC spatial dynamics was examined using semivariogram analysis, which revealed that the disease was aggregated in the field forming foci of 10 to 14 m. For each well-fitted model, a kriging map was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: CVC; Xylella fastidiosa; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-41582002000600007

Incidence of pectolytic erwinias associated with blackleg of potato in Rio Grande do Sul
Provedor de dados: 102
Autores: Oliveira,Andréia M. R.; Duarte,Valmir; Silveira,José R. P.; Moraes,Marcelo G.
Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica (Eca), E. carotovora subsp. carotovora (Ecc) and E. chrysanthemi (Ech) may cause potato (Solanum tuberosum) blackleg. To determine the occurrence of these pathogens in the conditions found in the State of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), potato plants showing blackleg symptoms were harvested from 22 fields in nine counties in Serra do Nordeste, Planalto, Depressão Central, and Grandes Lagoas, from September to December of 1999 (Spring-Summer season). Green pepper (Capsicum annuum) fruits were used as a host to enrich for pectolytic erwinia from potato stems with blackleg symptoms. Bacteria were subsequently isolated on non-selective medium. Isolates that were Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, and pitted...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica; E. carotovora subsp. carotovora; Erwinia chrysanthemi; Epidemiology; Solanum tuberosum; Soft rot.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-41582003000100007

Factors affecting density of airborne Gibberella zeae inoculum
Provedor de dados: 102
Autores: Del Ponte,Emerson M.; Fernandes,José Maurício C.; Pierobom,Carlos R.
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a disease of increasing concern in the production of wheat (Triticum aestivum). This work studied some of the factors affecting the density of airborne Gibberella zeae inoculum. Spore samplers were placed at the edge of a field in order to observe spore deposition over a period of 45 days and nights in September and October, the period that coincides with wheat flowering. Gibberella zeae colonies were counted for each period and values transformed to relative density. A stepwise regression procedure was used to identify weather variables helpful in predicting spore cloud density. In general, a predominant night-time spore deposition was observed. Precipitation and daily mean relative humidity over 90% were the factors most...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Fusarium graminearum; Aerobiology; Spore dispersal; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-41582005000100009

The role of petals in development of grey mould in strawberries
Provedor de dados: 102
Autores: Boff,Pedro; Kraker,Joop de; Gerlagh,Mathijs; Köhl,Jürgen.
Studies were conducted in annual crops of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) (cv. Elsanta to assess the relative importance of petals as an inoculum source of grey mould, caused by Botrytis cinerea and to identify during which period of flower and fruit development the presence of petals has a significant effect on development of grey mould on fruits. In 1998, the incidence of B. cinerea on flower parts was assessed, and the symptoms of grey mould on fruits were characterised with regards to their starting point. The incidence of B. cinerea on petals was 65-85% of those flowers that harboured B. cinerea. The starting point of symptoms was located underneath the sepals in 65-85% of fruits with grey mould, and petals were present at this site in about 50% of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Strawberries; Botrytis cinerea; Flower; Epidemiology; Inoculum source; Phenology.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-41582003000100011

Garlic viral complex: identification of Potyviruses and Carlavirus in Central Brazil
Provedor de dados: 102
Autores: FAJARDO,THOR V. M.; NISHIJIMA,MARTA; BUSO,JOSÉ A.; TORRES,ANTÔNIO C.; ÁVILA,ANTÔNIO C.; RESENDE,RENATO O.
Garlic viruses often occur in complex infections in nature. In this study, a garlic virus complex, collected in fields in Brazil, was purified. RT-PCR was performed using specific primers designed from the consensus regions of the coat protein genes of Onion yellow dwarf virus, a garlic strain (OYDV-G) and Leek yellow stripe virus (LYSV). cDNA of Garlic common latent virus (GCLV) was synthesized using oligo-dT and random primers. By these procedures individual garlic virus genomes were isolated and sequenced. The nucleotide sequence analysis associated with serological data reveals the presence of two Potyvirus OYDV-G and LYSV, and GCLV, a Carlavirus, simultaneously infecting garlic plants. Deduced amino acid sequences of the Brazilian isolates were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: OYDV-G; LYSV; GCLV; Detection; Coat protein; PCR; Probes; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-41582001000300007

Temporal progress of teak rust in a tropical area of Tocantins State, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 36
Autores: SALES,Nathana Izabela Silva; LEÃO,Evelynne Urzêdo; CORREIA,Lucas Caius Moreira do Amaral; SIQUEIRA,Chrystian de Assis; SANTOS,Gil Rodrigues dos.
ABSTRACT Rust, caused by Olivea neotectonae, stands out as the main teak disease, causing premature defoliation regardless of the tree’s growth stage. In this study, we aimed to assess the temporal progress of rust in adult teak plants in southern Tocantins State (Brazil). Both rust incidence and severity were evaluated and the disease progress curves were obtained, adjusting to monomolecular, logistic and Gompertz mathematical models. Data from incidence and severity were correlated with climate variables collected by the agrometeorological station located in the study area. Rust incidence reached 100% at 98 days after beginning of the evaluations (DBE). The highest severity (equal or above 75%) was observed at 147 DBE. There was a significant and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Tectona grandis; Olivea neotectonae.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672017000300277

Racial inequalities in the socioeconomic, demographic and health conditions of elderly from Maranhão State, Legal Amazon, Brazil: a population-based study
Provedor de dados: 36
Autores: Oliveira,Bruno Luciano Carneiro Alves de; Silva,Alécia Maria da; Silva,Raimundo Antonio da; Thomaz,Erika Barbara Abreu Fonseca.
Aging with quality of life does not occur equally among the racial groups of Brazilian elderly, and few studies have analyzed this issue in the states of the Brazilian Legal Amazon. The objective of this study was to investigate racial inequalities in the socioeconomic, demographic and health conditions of elderly residents of Maranhão state, Brazil. The present work is a cross-sectional study of 450 elders aged 60 years or older included in the 2008 National Household Sample Survey. The prevalence of socioeconomic, demographic, health and habit indicators and of risk factors were estimated in white, brown and black racial categories that were self-reported by the survey participants. The chi-square test was used for comparisons (a=5%). The majority of the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Aging; Social inequity; Epidemiology; Indicators; Race or ethnic group distribution.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672014000300006

Relation between oral health and socioeconomic variables among schoolchildren aged 12 in the City of Manaus - AM
Provedor de dados: 36
Autores: Régis-Aranha,Lauramaris de Arruda; Meneghim,Marcelo de Castro; Pereira,Antonio Carlos; Oliveira,Nícia Marques de Almeida; Ambrosano,Gláucia Maria Bovi; Mialhe,Fábio Luiz.
Studies have shown that the age of 12 was determined as the age of global monitoring of caries for international comparisons and monitoring of disease trends. The aimed was to evaluate the prevalence of dental caries, fluorosis and periodontal condition and their relation with socioeconomic factors among schoolchildren aged twelve in the city of Manaus, AM. This study with a probabilistic sample of 661 children was conducted, 609 from public and 52 from private schools, in 2008. Dental caries, periodontal condition and dental fluorosis were evaluated. In order to obtain the socioeconomic classification of each child (high, upper middle, middle, lower middle, low and lower low socioeconomic classes), the guardians were given a questionnaire. The mean...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Periodontal Diseases; DMF index.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672014000300004

A NEW RECORD OF Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis (Trypanosomatidae) FROM THE PACIFIC COAST OF COLOMBIA
Provedor de dados: 37
Autores: MARTINEZ ABAD,Lily Paola; PATERNINA TUIRÁN,Luís Enrique; PATERNINA-GÓMEZ,Margaret; PÉREZ DORIA,Alveiro; BEJARANO,Eduar Elias.
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was the identification of Leishmania species that causes cutaneous leishmaniasis in a patient from Buenaventura, Valle del Cauca, on the Pacific coast of Colombia. Clinical samples were obtained from a 29 years-old male who presented a distinct ulcer with raised borders on his neck. Samples were taken for direct microscopic examination, parasite culture, and molecular identification of the infecting Leishmania species by sequencing of the cytochrome b gene. Direct examination was positive for amastigotes of Leishmania but the culture was negative. The infecting parasite species was identified as L. (V.) guyanensis by means of the nucleotide sequence of a 509 bp fragment of the cytochrome b gene. We report the presence of L....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cutaneous leishmaniases; Cytochrome b; Epidemiology; Parasites.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0120-548X2021000100135

A system to map the risk of infection by Puccinia kuehnii in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 1
Autores: Sumida, Ciro Hideki; Fantin, Lucas Henrique; Gonçalves, Ricardo Marcelo; Canteri, Marcelo Giovanetti; Araujo, Kelly Lana; Giglioti, Éder Antônio.
 Orange rust caused by the fungus Puccinia kuehnii greatly affects sugarcane and causes millions of tons of losses in production. This condition was first reported in Brazil at the end of 2009. The disease is currently present in most of the countries that produce this crop. The aim of this research was to develop risk maps of P. kuehnii infection using temperature and relative humidity data, provided by 389 automatic weather stations throughout the country. A spatial distribution analysis was carried out to assess the number of daily hours of favorable conditions for spore germination in each region. In the central-south region, where the main sugarcane producing states are concentrated, two distinct periods were observed during the three years studied....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: 5.00.00.00-4; 5.01.00.00-9; 5.01.02.00-1 orange rust; Sugarcane; Epidemiology; Prediction. Fitopatologia.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/39905

A system to map the risk of infection by Puccinia kuehnii in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 1
Autores: Sumida, Ciro Hideki; Fantin, Lucas Henrique; Gonçalves, Ricardo Marcelo; Canteri, Marcelo Giovanetti; Araujo, Kelly Lana; Giglioti, Éder Antônio.
 Orange rust caused by the fungus Puccinia kuehnii greatly affects sugarcane and causes millions of tons of losses in production. This condition was first reported in Brazil at the end of 2009. The disease is currently present in most of the countries that produce this crop. The aim of this research was to develop risk maps of P. kuehnii infection using temperature and relative humidity data, provided by 389 automatic weather stations throughout the country. A spatial distribution analysis was carried out to assess the number of daily hours of favorable conditions for spore germination in each region. In the central-south region, where the main sugarcane producing states are concentrated, two distinct periods were observed during the three years studied....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Orange rust; Sugarcane; Epidemiology; Prediction.; Fitopatologia.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/39905

Epidemiological characterization and risk evaluation associated with the presence of Phthiraptera in poultry farms from Minas Gerais, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 3
Autores: Oliveira, Tiago Mendonça de; Teixeira, Cristina Mara; Pinto, Mariana Olímpia Köhler Marra; Arcebispo, Thiago Luiz Mendes; Soriano-Araújo, Amanda; Cunha, Lucas Maciel; Diniz, Soraia Araújo; Silva, Marcos Xavier.
Phthiraptera are lice highly adapted to living as permanent and obligatory ectoparasites of birds and mammals. High infestations by biting lice contribute to the low productivity, loss quality of the eggs, besides weight decrease of chickens. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate and to characterize the risks involved with the presence of biting lice in laying chicken from Minas Gerais, Brazil, throught a Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA). A secondary database with information regarding 402 chicken houses from 42 properties of laying hens from the same region was used and adapted for this study. The variables that composed the correspondence model were selected through Chi-square tests (p ≤ 0.05). A risk index was designed to relate the presence of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Lice; Laying hens; Risk index; Correspondence analysis.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciBiolSci/article/view/47474

Datura Genus Weeds as an Epidemiological Factor of Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), and Potato virus Y (PVY) on Solanaceus Crops
Provedor de dados: 113
Autores: Ormeño,Juan; Sepúlveda,Paulina; Rojas,Ricardo; Araya,Jaime E.
Plant samples of jimsonweed (Datura stramonium L.) and thornapple (D. ferox L.) were collected to determine the presence of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), and Potato virus Y (PVY) in Santiago, Chile (33º34’ S lat, 70º38’ W long, altitude 625 mosl), using double stranded RNA (dsRNA) analysis and ELISA. Both weeds were positive to the three types of virus with a percentage of infection ranging from 20-30% except for PVY infection in D. stramonium with an incidence of 5%. Under controlled conditions, the aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer) transmitted CMV from D. ferox to tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) and sweet peppers (Capsicum annuum L.), but did not transfer it to potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.). Seeds of positive D....
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: AMV; CMV; PVY; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0365-28072006000400001

Sporothrix schenckii and sporotrichosis
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: Lopes-Bezerra,Leila M.; Schubach,Armando; Costa,Rosane O.
For a long time sporotrichosis has been regarded to have a low incidence in Brazil; however, recent studies demonstrate that not only the number of reported cases but also the incidence of more severe or atypical clinical forms of the disease are increasing. Recent data indicate that these more severe forms occur in about 10% of patients with confirmed diagnosis. The less frequent forms, mainly osteoarticular sporotrichosis, might be associated both with patient immunodepression and zoonotic transmission of the disease. The extracutaneous form and the atypical forms are a challenge to a newly developed serological test, introduced as an auxiliary tool for the diagnosis of unusual clinical forms of sporotrichosis.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Sporotrichosis; Diagnosis; Epidemiology; Drugs; Cell wall; Antigens.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652006000200009

Molecular survey of Anaplasma platys and Ehrlichia canis in dogs from Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: SOARES,RODRIGO; RAMOS,CARLOS ALBERTO; PEDROSO,THATIANNA; BABO-TERRA,VERÔNICA; CLEVELAND,HERBERT; ARAÚJO,FLÁBIO DE.
ABSTRACT This study investigated the frequency of infection by Anaplasma platys and Ehrlichia canis in dogs submitted to animal health centers in Campo Grande, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. E. canis and A. platys showed infection frequencies of 55.75% and 16.96%, respectively. The identity of the two species was confirmed by DNA sequencing.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; NPCR; DNA; Midwestern Brazil.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652017000100301

The role of research methodology in the rational use of technology in monitoring and preventing communication disorders
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: Chiari,Brasília M.; Goulart,Bárbara N. G.
Studies showing stronger scientific evidence related to speech, language and hearing pathology (SLP) have an impact on the prevention and rehabilitation of human communication and gained ground in SLP research agenda. In this paper we discuss some aspects and directions that should be considered for in-depth knowledge about speech, language and hearing needs in different population groups (age group, gender and other variables according to specific related disorders) for improved comprehensive care, successful efforts and effective use of financial and human resources. It is also discussed the decision making process for requesting complementary evaluations and tests, from routine to highly complex ones, that should be based on each test and/or procedure...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Communication disorders; Diagnosis of health situation; Epidemiology; Epidemiologic measurements; Needs assessment; Cost-effectiveness evaluation.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652009000300014

Epidemiology of hepatitis B virus in the cities of the northern region of Espírito Santo, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: FONTES,ANDRÉ M.; ARDISSON,JULIANA S.; SOUZA,MARCO A.A.; FREITAS,RODRIGO R.; PANCOTO,JOÃO A.T.
ABSTRACT The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that approximately 2 billion people worldwide have already had contact with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and 373 million have become chronic carriers. Hepatitis B is a major cause of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, leading to a large number of deaths annually. Both viral factors and the host immune response have been implicated in the pathogenesis and clinical result of HBV infection. Many Brazilian cities, including the cities of the northern region of the state of Espírito Santo are located in regions with little health infrastructure. Our study performed an epidemiological analysis of cases of Hepatitis B in São Mateus, using methodology of Geographic Information System (GIS),...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Hepatitis B; Epidemiology; Geoprocessing; Espírito Santo.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652016000401549

Prevalence of Candida tropicalis and Candida krusei in onychomycosis in João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil from 1999 to 2010
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: ARRUA,JULIANA M.M.; RODRIGUES,LUIS A.S.; PEREIRA,FILLIPE O.; LIMA,EDELTRUDES O.
ABSTRACTOver time, as the etiology of onychomycosis has developed, yeasts from the genus Candida have emerged as important etiological agents. This study aimed to determine the frequency of yeast caused onychomycosis in Joao Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil from 1999 to 2010. A retrospective study from January 1999 to December 2010 evaluated the results of onychomycosis positive direct mycological exams (DME) - for yeast and realized in the Hemato(r) Clinical Laboratory. Women were the most affected by onychomycosis which occur preferentially in adults, and the toenails are the favorite yeast targets. The prevalent yeasts were Candida tropicalis and C. krusei.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Candida non-albicans; Epidemiology; Candidiasis; Nails.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652015000401819

Spatial and temporal analysis of stem bleeding disease in coconut palm in the state of sergipe, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: CARVALHO,REJANE R. DA COSTA E; SOUZA,PAULO E. DE; WARWICK,DULCE R.N.; POZZA,EDSON A.; CARVALHO FILHO,JOSé L.S. DE.
ABSTRACTStem bleeding disease (resinosis) of coconut palm is caused by Thielaviopsis paradoxa and is very important in the state of Sergipe, Brazil. Understanding the epidemiological behavior of the disease is essential for establishing more efficient control strategies. Thus, we characterized the temporal progression and spatial distribution of stem bleeding in a commercial orchard under conditions of natural infection in the area of Neopolis, Sergipe. Three plots with 729 plants each were selected and evaluated every two months for stem bleeding incidence. In the temporal analysis, the monomolecular model gave the best fit to data on disease incidence, as it accurately showed the temporal dynamics of the disease during the experiment period. The spatial...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Coconut; Epidemiology; Stem bleeding; Thielaviopsis paradoxa.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652013000401567

Prevalence and Fluconazole Susceptibility Profile of Candida spp. Clinical Isolates in a Brazilian Tertiary Hospital in Minas Gerais, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: Neves-Junior,Athayde; Cartágenes-Pinto,Ana Carolina; Rocha,Débora A.S.; Sá,Leandro F. Reis de; Junqueira,Maria de Lourdes; Ferreira-Pereira,Antonio.
Candidiasis has become an important concern for clinical practice, especially with the increasing incidence of immunocompromised patients. In this scenario, the development resistance to fluconazole presents a challenge for treating these opportunistic infections. The aim of this study was to evaluate some epidemiology features of Candidainfections in a Brazilian University Hospital using data, previously unavailable. We observed that 44% of the 93 clinical isolates tested, belonged to Candida albicansspecies and 56% belonged to non-Candida albicansspecies (mainly Candida tropicalis and Candida glabrata). Most strains were isolated from urine samples where C. albicans was predominantly detected. 29 strains presented a fluconazole resistance phenotype and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Candidaspp.; Clinical isolates; Epidemiology; Fluconazole; Resistance.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652015000301349

Retrospective study (1998-2001) on canine ehrlichiosis in Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Moreira,S.M.; Bastos,C.V.; Araújo,R.B.; Santos,M.; Passos,L.M.F.
The present work describes a retrospective study of clinical cases of ehrlichiosis in dogs examined from March 1998 to September 2001. From the clinical records with laboratorial confirmation of Ehrlichia canis or E. platys infections, the following parameters were analyzed: demographic aspects (age, race, sex, period of the year and origin), clinical characteristics (body temperature, exposure to ticks and clinical signs), and hematological characteristics (blood cell counts and type of infected cell). A total of 194 clinical records were analyzed, from which 31 animals were infected with E. canis and 21 animals with E. platys. The number of cases of canine ehrlichiosis increased considerably from the year 2000 onwards, and 24.4% of the cases occurred in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Dog; Ehrlichia canis; Ehrlichia platys; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352003000200003

Molecular detection and phylogenetic relationship of wild-type strains of canine distemper virus in symptomatic dogs from Uberlândia, Minas Gerais
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Headley,S.A.; Santos,T.R.; Bodnar,L.; Saut,J.P.E.; Silva,A.P.; Alfieri,A.F.; Medeiros,A.A.; Soares,N.P.; Alfieri,A.A.
This study investigated the occurrence of canine distemper virus (CDV) by evaluating the presence of viral RNA within urine samples of dogs from Uberlândia, MG, with clinical manifestations suggestive of infection by CDV by targeting the CDV N gene. Of the clinical samples collected ( n =33), CDV viruria was detected in 45.5%. Five dogs died spontaneously; all had characteristic CDV-associated histopathological alterations and demonstrated CDV viruria. Statistical analyses revealed that the age, gender, breed, or the organ system of the dog affected had no influence on the occurrence of canine distemper. Myoclonus and motor incoordination were the most significant neurological manifestations observed. A direct association was observed between...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Canine distemper; Viruria; Phylogeny; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352015000601510

Neospora caninum antibodies and risk factors in dogs from Lages and Balneário Camboriú, SC
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Moura,A.B; Souza,A.P; Sartor,A.A; Bellato,V; Pisetta,G.M; Teixeira,E.B; Heusser Junior,A.
Identificaram-se os fatores de risco e a ocorrência de anticorpos contra Neospora caninum em cães das cidades de Lages e Balneário Camboriú, SC. Amostras de soro de 400 cães domiciliados (200 de cada município) foram processadas para a detecção de anticorpos contra N. caninum pela técnica de imunofluorescência indireta. Informações acerca dos fatores de risco foram obtidas por meio de questionário. Dos 400 cães, 49 (12,3%) apresentaram anticorpos contra N. caninum. Em Lages, 26 (13%) foram positivos para N. caninume; em Balneário Camboriú, 23 (11,5%). Não foram observadas diferenças estatísticas entre as ocorrências de anticorpos contra N. caninum (P= 0,647) nas duas cidades. Das variáveis analisadas, somente idade apresentou associação (P=0.020, odds...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Dog; Neospora caninum; Risk factors; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352011000100039

Epidemiological assessment of canine brucellosis
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Megid,J.; Brito,A.F.; Moraes,C.C.G.; Fava,N.; Agottani,J.
Observou-se brucelose canina em quatro canis diferentes. Os canis apresentaram animais com história de aborto, mortalidade em neonatos e nascimentos prematuros. A porcentagem de animais soropositivos para brucelose canina, pela prova de imunodifusão em ágar gel, variou de 4,6 a 57,1%. Observou-se correlação positiva entre porcentagem de animais positivos e aspectos reprodutivos e condições de aglomeração.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Dog; Brucellosis; Epidemiology; Serology.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09351999000500007

Anticorpos contra vírus do grupo da língua azul em caprinos e ovinos do sertão de Pernambuco e inferências sobre sua epidemiologia em regiões semiáridas
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Mota,I.O.; Castro,R.S.; Alencar,S.P.; Lobato,Z.I.P.; Lima Filho,C.D.F.; Silva,T.L. Araújo; Dutra,A.C.T.; Nascimento,S.A.
The prevalence of antibodies against bluetongue virus was investigated in 41 dairy goats and 40 sheep herds in the semi-arid region of Pernambuco state and the conditions for insect Culicoides maintenance, considering climate dynamics and vector competence, were evaluated. The percents of seropositive herds in agar gel immunodiffusion test for bluetongue virus group were 24 for goats and 27.5 for sheep. The estimated prevalences of seropositive animals were 3.9% for goats (n = 410) and 4.3% for sheep (n = 400). The prevalences of seropositive animals were low in the mesoregion of Sertão Pernambucano (4.8% for goats and 4.1% for sheep) and São Francisco Pernambucano (1.0% for goats and 4.5% for sheep). There were no significant differences between species...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Arbovirosis; Culicoides; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352011000600045

Epidemiology of tumors in dogs in the capital of the state of Mexico from 2002-2016
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: García,E.; Alpízar,A.; Fajardo,R.; Córdova,D.; Pérez,L.; Martínez,S.
ABSTRACT A retrospective and cross-sectional study of canine tumors was performed in the capital of State of Mexico from 2002-2016. Since then, 393 tumors were remitted. Descriptive epidemiology was made from all data: breed, age, sex, and tumor features. Then the risk association between cutaneous and non-cutaneous tumors with variables such as sex, breed, and age were analyzed through an exact Fisher test and Odds ratio. In addition, some characteristics of the canine population were studied under a survey. Of all tumors, skin tumors were the most frequent (59.0%). The group of tumors related to ultraviolet radiation was the most common (15.1%). The frequency of tumors in females was 53%, nevertheless, males had more risk to develop cutaneous tumors...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Dog; Tumors; Epidemiology; Skin tumors; Ultraviolet radiation.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352019000401085

Prevalência da infecção por lentivírus de pequenos ruminantes em caprinos em Teresina, Piauí
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Sampaio Júnior,A.; Batista,M.C.S.; Cruz,M.S.P.; Silva,R.A.B.; Bona Nascimento,C.; Werneck,G.L.
The prevalence of anti-lentiviruses antibodies of small ruminants was investigated in goat herds in the city of Teresina, PI, Brazil. A seroepidemiological survey was conducted involving 480 animals, apparently healthy, belonging to six rural properties. The diagnostic test was the agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID), using antigens produced from cellular cultures infected with caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV Cork). Prevalences by gender and age were estimated considering sampling fractions for each farm. A general prevalence of 4.2%, was observerved, being 4.2% for females and 3.6% for males. Prevalences were higher among older goats. Regarding the breed standard, 23.5% were of the Anglo Nubian, 5.9% of the Boer, 35.3% Anglo Nubian x Boer...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus; Transmission; Epidemiology; Immunodiffusion.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352011000300032

Anticorpos anti-rickettsias do grupo da febre maculosa em equídeos e caninos no norte do Estado do Paraná, Brasil
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Otomura,F.H.; Sangioni,L.A.; Pacheco,R.C.; Labruna,M.B.; Galhardo,J.A.; Ribeiro,M.G.; Teodoro,U.
The Brazilian Spotted Fever (BSF) is a zoonosis that can be fatal if not trteated. As there are few studies of the BSF in the Paraná State, the occurrence of BSF was serologically investigated in dogs and horses by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), in the North of that State, in animals that are regarded as sentinels for BSF. A total of 241 samples of sera of equine, four of asinine, and 29 of dogs were collected in nine farms of three municipalities in the North of Paraná: Arapongas, Douradina, and Umuarama. From fifteen samples of equine serum with positive titres for RIFI, eight (53.3 %) had titre of 64 against R. rickettsii, two (13.3 %) 128 against R. rickettsii, and five (33.3 %) were reactants for R. parkeri and R. rickettsii, with titres...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Horses; Brazilian Spotted Fever; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352010000300037

Larval trematodes in freshwater gastropods from Mato Grosso, Brazil: diversity and host-parasites relationships
Provedor de dados: 49
Autores: Mattos,Aline Carvalho de; Boaventura,Maria Fernanda Furtado; Fernandez,Monica Ammon; Thiengo,Silvana Carvalho.
A survey for freshwater gastropods carrying trematodes parasites was conducted in Manso Dam and the surrounding areas frequented by tourist, focusing particularly on the Pantanal region. Infected snails were recovered from twelve of the eighteen investigated municipalities and forty-one cercaria-snail pairings were recorded. Among these pairings were several first records of snails serving as intermediate hosts for trematodes in Brazil including Biomphalaria amazônica Paraense, 1966, Biomphalaria occidentalis Paraense, 1981, Marisa planogyra Pilsbry, 1933, Pomacea maculata Perry, 1830, Pomacea scalaris (d'Orbigny, 1835) and Gundlachia radiata (Guilding, 1828). Echinostomatidae and Strigeidae were the most common trematode families (ca. 47%) and the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Cercariae; Biological diversity; Hydroelectric power plant; Pantanal.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032013000400034

Genotypic Diversity of the Wheat leaf blotch pathogen ( Septoria tritici ) in Buenos Aires Province
Provedor de dados: 51
Autores: Cordo,Cristina Alicia; Linde,Celeste C.; Zhan,Jashiu; Mcdonald,Bruce.
The population structure and genotypic diversity of Septoria tritici Rob ex Desm. from two crop field populations in Buenos Aires Province were studied with DNA restriction fragment length polymorphism. Hierarchical samples were taken from different cultivars. A total of 120 single spore isolates was subject to molecular analysis to compare the genetic structure of Los Hornos and Balcarce populations separated by 500km. Eight RFLP loci and 1DNA fingerprinting were used. Among the total of the isolates, 24 RFLP alleles were detected from the first population and 22 from the second. Gene and genotype diversity were high in both populations. Different haplotypes for each region were identified. Identical haplotypes were clustered in the same location in the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: DNA hybridization; Septoria tritici; Mycosphaerella graminicola; RFLP; Epidemiology; Genetic diversity; Genotypic diversity.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1851-23722006000200010

Development and Evaluation of an Indirect ELISA: Serological Survey to Detect Specific Antibodies to Bovine Herpesvirus 4
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Krüger,Ernesto Renato; Penha,Tânia Regina; Hummelgen,Fernanda Cristina; Agottani,Jorge Bacila; Reva,Demétrio; Gonçalves,Robson; Thomaz-Soccol,Vanete.
ABSTRACTThe aim of this work was to develop and evaluate an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and made a serological screening for specific antibodies to BoHV-4. Bovine serum samples were collected from different Brazilian states and evaluated for the presence of antibodies for BoHV-4 and BoHV-1. The serological results obtained showed that the indirect ELISA assay could be applied for the detection of specific antibodies for BoHV-4. The ELISA test allowed concluding that BoHV-4 is present in bovines in every Brazilian state from which serum samples were collected. The ELISA assay here standardized proved to be useful for the epidemiological studies and showed a positivity range from 1.8 to 66% in Brazil.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: BoHV-4; Serology; Diagnostic; Cattle; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132015000500725

Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas, 1909: genetic variability of isolates from chronic chagasic patients in the Paraná state, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Kopp,Rogério Luiz; Miyazaki,Márcia; Thomaz-Soccol,Vanete.
The present work had as objective to verify the genetic diversity among strains of Trypanosoma cruzi isolated in chronic chagasic patients in the Paraná state. Fifty patients with compatible clinical symptoms were selected (cardiopathy, megacolon and/or megaesophagus) and that presented positive serological reaction to T. cruzi. Six strains of the protozoan were isolated in hemoculture and identified by electrophoresis in starch thick gel with aid of 14 isoenzymes (6PGD; G6PD; ME¹; ME²; ICD; PGM; GPI; GOT¹; GOT²; NP¹; NP²; DIA; MPI and FH). The statistical analysis were accomplished by the softwares NTSYs and UPGMA. Eighty-four electromorphs were individualized and four isoenzymes (ICD, GPI, 6PGD, e PGM) showed compatibility for heterozygosis. The phenetic...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Trypanosoma cruzi; Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis; Chagas disease; Epidemiology; Phenetic analysis.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132005000300009

A random sample survey of bovine Brucellosis in the State of Paraíba, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 62
Autores: Leite,Ricardo de Miranda Henriques; Thompson,James Alan; Gonçalves,Vítor Salvador Picão; Leite,Rômulo Cerqueira; Bandeira,Dimas A.; Lage,Andrey Pereira.
A serosurvey was conducted to estimate the prevalence of bovine brucellosis in the State of Paraíba, Brazil. A random sample of six municipalities was selected from each of three ecoregions of the State: the Agreste/Litoral region (1), the Cariri/Curimatau region (2) and the Sertão region (3). These 18 municipalities were divided in quadrants and one herd was selected at random from each quadrant. The sampling scheme included herds with more than 50 bovines, which excludes small-holder subsistence livestock production. At least 32 animals were sampled within each herd, stratified in four age categories, as follows: (1) at least 8 animals under 6 months of age, (2) at least 8 animals of 7 to 18 months of age, (3) at least 8 animals of 19 to 30 months of age...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Brucellosis; Epidemiology; Cattle; Paraíba; Brazil.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-95962003000900002

Canine distemper: epidemiological findings of 250 cases
Provedor de dados: 62
Autores: HEADLEY,Selwyn Arlington; GRAÇA,Dominguita Lühers.
A review of the number of dogs submitted for necropsy at the Department of Veterinary Pathology of the Federal University of Santa Maria, RS, between 1985-1997 has shown that 11.7% (250/2136) had lesions and inclusion bodies characteristic of infection by canine distemper virus (CDV). Most of these cases occurred during the winter months in dogs that were less than 1.5 year old, which were submitted by residents from the city of Santa Maria. Canine distemper is considered endemic in this city. Significant differences in susceptibility were not observed between males and females. Mongrel dogs were super-represented, but dolichocephalic breeds were more affected than brachycephalic ones. Distemper encephalopathy with typical CDV inclusion bodies, especially...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Distemper virus; Dogs.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-95962000000200009

Emerging and reemerging diseases in Brazil: data of a recent history of risks and uncertainties
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Cardoso,Telma Abdalla de Oliveira; Navarro,Marli B.M. de Albuquerque.
This article discusses the emergence and reemergence of infectious diseases on the basis of a review of the literature. It shows the critical situations faced worldwide and in special Brazil's susceptible position due to its complexity, mostly represented by the mega-biodiversity of the country and its socio-economic problems directly affecting public health. It approaches the discussions around the issue with emphasis to the recommended investments in the health sector, directed to surveillance and to strengthening the epidemiological, laboratorial and clinical bases and centered on preventive and control measures in the affected areas including Biosafety.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Emerging and reemerging infectious diseases; Epidemiology; Public health; Biosafety.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702007000400013

Characterization of the Brazilian endemic clone of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from hospitals throughout Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Oliveira,Geraldo A.; Faria,Juarez B.; Levyand,Carlos E.; Mamizuka,Elsa M.
The objective of this study was to characterize patterns of the Brazilian endemic clone of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from hospitals throughout Brazil. We studied 83 MRSA strains isolated from patients hospitalized in 27 public and private hospitals in 19 cities located in 14 Brazilian states from September, 1995, to June, 1997. The MRSA strains were typed using antibiograms, bacteriophage typing and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The analysis of genomic DNA by PFGE showed that 65 isolates presented the same PFGE pattern. This pattern was present in all of the hospitals studied indicating the presence of an endemic MRSA clone widely disseminated throughout Brazilian hospitals (BEC). All isolates belonging to the BEC proved...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Staphylococus aureus; MRSA; Epidemiology; Brazilian endemic clone.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702001000400001

Distribution of serotypes and evaluation of antimicrobial susceptibility among human and bovine Streptococcus agalactiae strains isolated in Brazil between 1980 and 2006
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Pinto,Tatiana Castro Abreu; Costa,Natália Silva; Souza,Aline Rosa Vianna; Silva,Ligia Guedes da; Corrêa,Ana Beatriz de Almeida; Fernandes,Flavio Gimenis; Oliveira,Ivi Cristina Menezes; Mattos,Marcos Corrêa de; Rosado,Alexandre Soares; Benchetrit,Leslie Claude.
Streptococcus agalactiae is a common agent of clinical and subclinical bovine mastitis and an important cause of human infections, mainly among pregnant women, neonates and nonpregnant adults with underlying diseases. The present study describes the genetic and phenotypic diversity among 392 S. agalactiae human and bovine strains isolated between 1980 and 2006 in Brazil. The most prevalent serotypes were Ia, II, III and V and all the strains were susceptible to penicillin, vancomycin and levofloxacin. Resistance to clindamycin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, rifampicin and tetracycline was observed. Among the erythromycin resistant strains, mefA/E, ermA and, mainly, ermB gene were detected, and a shift of prevalence from the macrolide resistance phenotype...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Streptococcus agalactiae; Pulsed field gel electrophoresis; Epidemiology; Serotyping; Resistance profile.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702013000200003

Uncommon non-oncogenic HPV genotypes, TP53 and MDM2 genes polymorphisms in HIV-infected women in Southern Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Entiauspe,Ludmila Gonçalves; Seixas,Fabiana Kömmling; Nunes,Emily Montosa; Rodrigues,Fernanda Martins; Dellagostin,Odir A.; Collares,Tiago; Silveira,Mariângela Freitas da.
Background:It is believed that Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus coinfection contributes to increase the risk for cervical intraepithelial injuries. Several factors may contribute to cervical cancer (CC) development, including genetic variants such as TP53and MDM2 gene polymorphisms.Materials and methods:A hundred HIV-infected women were examined for HPV detection and its genotypes, as well as the frequencies of the SNPs Arg72Pro and SNP309 and their associations with CC risk factors. Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction (nPCR) was used for HPV detection and PCR-RFLP for TP53 and MDM2 SNP309 genotyping.Results:HPV DNA was detected in 68% of samples. A higher frequency of low-risk HPV genotypes (66.7%) was observed when compared to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HPV infection; HIV infection; Cervical cancer; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702014000600643

Seroprevalence of human cysticercosis in Jataí, Goiás state, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Guarda,Kaliny Xavier da; Costa-Cruz,Julia Maria; Barcelos,Ivanildes Solange da Costa.
ABSTRACT The Taenia solium cysticercosis affects millions of people worldwide and is considered a public health problem, especially in developing countries. The diagnosis of neurocysticercosis is complex and involves the analysis of epidemiological, clinical, neuroimaging, and immunological host data. Neurocysticercosis is endemic in Brazil, and is related to the cause of death mainly in the Southeast, South, and Central-West regions. The objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of cysticercosis in inhabitants of the city of Jataí, Goiás, in the Central-West region of Brazil from April to August 2012. A total of 529 serum samples were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting IgG antibodies against T. solium larvae, and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Cysticercosis; Taenia solium; Epidemiology; Diagnosis; Brazil.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702018000200146

Clinical and bacteriological characteristics of invasive pneumococcal disease after pneumococcal 10-valent conjugate vaccine implementation in Salvador, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Leite,Carolina Regis; Azevedo,Jailton; Galvão,Vivian Santos; Moreno-Carvalho,Otávio; Reis,Joice Neves; Nascimento-Carvalho,Cristiana.
Abstract Invasive pneumococcal disease is a relevant public health problem in Brazil, especially among children and the elderly. In July/2010 a 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine was introduced to the immunization schedule of Brazilian children under two years of age. Between July/2010 and December/2013 we conducted a case-series study on invasive pneumococcal disease in Salvador, Brazil to describe the clinical and bacteriological profile of invasive pneumococcal disease cases during the post-implementation period. Eighty-two cases were eligible. Mean age was 31 years (interquartile range, 3–42); 17.1% and 30.5% were under 2 years and 5 years, respectively. Pneumococcal meningitis (n = 64, 78.1%), bacteraemic pneumococcal pneumonia (n = 12, 14.6%)...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Streptococcus pneumoniae; Vaccine; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702016000100056

Chlamydia trachomatis and human papillomavirus coinfection: association with p16INK4a and Ki67 expression in biopsies of patients with pre-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Calil,Luciane Noal; Igansi,Cristine Nascente; Meurer,Luise; Edelweiss,Maria Isabel Albano; Bozzetti,Mary Clarisse.
The objective of this study was to identify the frequency of coinfection by human papillomavirus (HPV) and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) in cervical lesions and relate it with immunohistochemical expression of p16INK4a and Ki67, both oncogenicity markers. A cross-sectional study with 86 women from primary care units in southern Brazil was conducted. Cervical swabs were collected for HPV-DNA and CT-DNA detection, through the polymerase chain reaction technique (PCR). The immunohistochemical analysis was performed on biopsy cervical tissue material to identify the expression of p16INK4a and Ki67 cell cycle markers. About 83 % were positive for HPV-DNA and 19% had coinfection with CT-DNA. Among coinfected women, 56% expressed p16INK4a. There was a statistically...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Human papillomavirus 16; Biomarkers; Pharmacological.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702011000200006

Is community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) an emerging pathogen among children in Brazil?
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Paternina-de la Ossa,Rolando; Prado,Seila Israel do; Cervi,Maria Célia; Lima,Denissani Aparecida Ferrari dos Santos; Martinez,Roberto; Bellissimo-Rodrigues,Fernando.
ABSTRACT  Background: Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) is spreading worldwide, but little is known about the epidemiology of this pathogen in Brazil.  Objective: To evaluate clinical and microbiological features of children with S. aureus infections admitted to a university hospital.  Methods: This was a cross-sectional study evaluating the potential risk factors for CA-MRSA, and a retrospective cohort evaluating in-hospital clinical outcomes. To include patients with both community and hospital-associated infections, we screened the results of the microbiological laboratory tests from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2016. According to the phenotype, we classified the isolates in Methicillin-Susceptible S. aureus...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Staphylococcus aureus; CA-MRSA; Epidemiology; Clinical features; Children; Susceptibility profile.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702018000500371

Epidemiological profile of leishmaniasis at a reference service in the state of Alagoas, Brazil, from january 2000 to september 2008
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Nunes,Willian da Silva; Araújo,Sócrates Rios; Calheiros,Cláudia Maria Lins.
Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease found in the continents of Europe, Asia, Africa and the Americas. In Brazil, the disease is an important public health problem, occurring in most states, but mainly in the Northeast region of the country, with the state of Alagoas having a significant number of confirmed cases. The present study establishes and discusses the epidemiological profile of cases of leishmaniases treated at the Reference Center of Alagoas, Hospital Escola Hélvio de Farias Auto, between January 2000 and October 2008. During thisperiod, records of 2,104 patients notified to the hospital Epidemiological Surveillance Center were reviewed. The epidemiology of leishmaniasis, both visceral and tegumentary, has shown a profile that has changed over...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: American tegumentary leishmaniasis; Visceral leishmaniasis; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702010000400005

The prevalence of enteropathy due to Strongyloidiasis in Puerto Maldonado (Peruvian Amazon)
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Egido,J. M.; De Diego,J. A.; Penin,P.
Human strongyloidiasis is an important health problem in the southeast region of Peruvian Amazon, due to its prevalence and long term morbidity. An epidemiological study was conducted in the Peruvian Amazon area of Puerto Maldonado to determine the prevalence of strongyloidiasis in the population. Stool samples were collected from 1,133 patients at the outpatient department of our clinic. Strongyloidiasis affected 221 examined patients (20%). Prevalence was highest in males, mostly in children and elderly men. People living in urban and marginal urban areas, those coming from outside the region, and Andean people, showed the highest prevalences. Pre-school children were more likely to be parasitized than older children. The most common symptoms were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Strongyloides stercoralis; Epidemiology; Enteropathy; Peruvian Amazon.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702001000300003

How are HCV-infected patients being identified in Brazil: a multicenter study
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Portari-Filho,Luiz H.; Álvares-da-Silva,Mario R.; Gonzalez,Aline; Ferreira,Adalgisa P.; Nogueira,Cristiane V.; Mendes-Correa,Maria C.; Lima,José M.; Lopes,Edmundo P.; Brandão,Carlos E.; Ivantes,Cláudia; Lyra,André; Lindenberg,Andreia; Ferraz,Maria L.
ABSTRACT  Background: Hepatitis C is an important health problem. In Brazil, 1-2 million people are infected. Despite this expressive number, and the availability of very successful treatment, many patients remained undiagnosed mainly because of the asymptomatic nature of the infection.  Objectives: To describe epidemiological characteristics of HCV-infected patients seen at referral centers in Brazil, the source of referral, and the time spanned to reach a reference center, in order to improve the identification of undiagnosed patients.  Methods: Multicenter observational, cross-sectional study carried out in 15 centers of Brazil, between January/2016 and June/2017. Data of patients with a confirmed diagnosis (anti-HCV and HCV-RNA) were collected by...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Hepatitis C; HCV; Brazil.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702019000100034

Assessment of family and neighbors of an individual infected with Wuchereria bancrofti from a non-endemic area in the city of Maceió, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Leite,Anderson B; Lima,Ana RV de; Leite,Renata B; Santos,Rafael V; Gonçalves,Johnathan EL; Rocha,Eliana MM; Fontes,Gilberto.
The family and neighbors of a patient infected with W. bancrofti microfilariae were assessed aiming to evaluate the occurrence of cases of lymphatic filariasis in a non-endemic area in the city of Maceió, in the Brazilian state of Alagoas. The patient had previously lived in an endemic focus; however, he has been living in an area where the parasite has never been detected for the past ten years. Female ingurgitated Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes captured in the houses of the microfilaremic individual and of his neighbors in the non-endemic region were also examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The thick blood smear examination, blood membrane filtration, and rapid immunochromatography (antigen search) revealed no infected individuals...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Wuchereria bancrofti; Lymphatic filariasis; Epidemiology; Culex.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702010000200002

Epidemiology of Clostridium difﬁcile: a hospital-based descriptive study in Argentina and Mexico
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Lopardo,Gustavo; Morﬁn-Otero,Rayo; Moran-Vazquez,Iliana Isabel; Noriega,Fernando; Zambrano,Betzana; Luxemburger,Christine; Foglia,Ginamarie; Rivas,Enrique Eduardo.
A prospective study was conducted in four tertiary hospitals in Argentina and Mexico in order to describe the occurrence of Clostridium difﬁcileinfection (CDI) in these settings. The objective was to evaluate the incidence of CDI in at-risk populations in Argentina (one center) and Mexico (three centers) and to further explore potential study sites for vaccine development in this region. A prospective, descriptive, CDI surveillance study was conducted among hospitalized patients aged ≥40 years who had received ≥48 h of antibiotic treatment. Stool samples were collected from those with diarrhea within 30 days after starting antibiotics and analyzed for toxins A and B by ELISA, and positive samples were further tested by toxinogenic culture and restriction...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Clostridium infections; Epidemiology; Latin America; Incidence.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702015000100008

Western blot seroindeterminate individuals for Human T-lymphotropic Virus 1/2 (HTLV-1/2) in Fortaleza (Brazil): a serological and molecular diagnostic and epidemiological approach
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Santos,Terezinha de Jesus Teixeira; Costa,Carlos Maurício de Castro; Goubau,Patrick; Vandamme,Anne-Mieke; Desmyter,Jan; Van Dooren,Sonia; Mota,Rosa M. S.; Costa,Francine Bovy de Castro; Oliveira,Ana C. S.; Gomes,Vânia Barreto A.F.; Carneiro-Proietti,Anna B.; Bruin,Veralice Meireles Sales de; Sousa,Francisca C. F. de; Oriá,Reinaldo Barreto.
How to handle Western blot (WB) seroindeterminate individuals for Human T-lymphotropic Virus 1/2 (HTLV-1/2) constitutes a challenge for blood banks and fam ilies. We made a cross-sectional study of 191 enzyme linked immunoassay (EIA) reactive individuals from the hematological center (HEMOCE) of Fortaleza (Brazil), examining their serological (WB) and molecular (PCR) diagnosis, and demographic profiles, as well as a possible association of their condition with other infectious pathologies and risk factors. Ethical institutional approval and personal consent were obtained. Out of 191 EIA reactive individuals, 118 were WB seroindeterminate and 73 were seropositive for HTLV-1/2. In the PCR analysis of 41 WB seroindeterminate individuals, 9 (22%) were positive...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; PCR; HTLV-1/2; Seroindeterminate individuals; Hepatitis; Syphilis; Blood transfusion.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702003000300005

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of cutaneous leishmaniasis and their relationship with the laboratory data, south of Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Curti,Maura Cristiani de Moura; Silveira,Thaís Gomes Verzignassi; Arraes,Sandra Mara Alessi Aristides; Bertolini,Dennis Armando; Zanzarini,Paulo Donizeti; Venazzi,Eneide Aparecida Sabaini; Fernandes,Andrea Cláudia Silva; Teixeira,Jorge Juarez Vieira; Lonardoni,Maria Valdrinez Campana.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate clinical, epidemiological and laboratorial aspects for the understanding of the disease characteristics and its relationship with diagnostic tests. METHODS: A retrospective, descriptive and analytical study involving 2,660 American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) suspected patients from southern Brazil was undertaken between April 1986 and December 2005. Data on population characteristics and laboratory tests were obtained. Diagnostic laboratory tests used were direct search for Leishmania spp. (DS), Montenegro skin test (MST) and indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA). RESULTS: 62.3% of patients were positive for at least one laboratory test. DS test was positive in 65.1%; MST in 92.3% and IFA in 70.0%. Although Cohen's Kappa test did...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Clinical laboratory techniques; Disease transmission; Infectious; Cutaneous leishmaniasis; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702011000100003

An overview of a diagnostic and epidemiologic reappraisal of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Farahmand,Mahin; Nahrevanian,Hossein; Shirazi,Hasti Atashi; Naeimi,Sabah; Farzanehnejad,Zahra.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a widespread tropical infection which has a high incidence rate in Iran. Leishmania tropica, the causative agent of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL), and Leishmania major, which causes zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL), are endemic in various parts of Iran with a high incidence rate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reappraisal of the diagnosis and epidemiology of CL in Iran, by different clinical, parasitological and molecular assays among patients suspected of CL referred to the Department of Parasitology, at the Pasteur Institute of Iran during 2006-2009. Two hundred samples from patients with ulcerative skin lesions were collected, clinical analyses were applied, data questionnaire was completed...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Parasitological analysis; Molecular biology; Leishmaniasis; Cutaneous; Iran; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702011000100004

Hepatitis E virus seroprevalence among schistosomiasis patients in Northeastern Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Passos-Castilho,Ana Maria; de Sena,Anne; Domingues,Ana Lucia Coutinho; Lopes-Neto,Edmundo Pessoa; Medeiros,Tibério Batista; Granato,Celso Francisco Hernandez; Ferraz,Maria Lúcia.
Abstract  Background Hepatitis E virus (HEV) can cause chronic infection with rapid progression to liver cirrhosis in immunocompromised patients. HEV seroprevalence in patients with Schistosoma mansoni in Brazil is unknown. We evaluated the prevalence of past or present HEV infection in schistosomiasis patients in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. A total of 80 patients with Schistosoma mansoni were consecutively enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Serum samples were tested for the presence of anti-HEV IgG antibodies by enzyme immunoassay (Wantai anti-HEV IgG, Beijing, China) and for the presence of HEV RNA using real time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction with primers targeting the HEV ORF2 and ORF3. Clinical and laboratory tests as well as...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Brazil; Epidemiology; Hepatitis E virus; Schistosomiasis; Seroprevalence.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702016000300007

Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C in the Western Brazilian Amazon region (Rio Branco, Acre): a pilot study carried out during a hepatitis B vaccination program
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Tavares-Neto,J.; Almeida,D.; Soares,M. C.; Uchoa,R.; Viana,S.; Darub,R.; Farias,E.; Rocha,G.; Vitvitski,L.; Paraná,R.
In 1999, on the occasion of the application of the first vaccine dose during the state vaccination campaign against hepatitis B virus (HBV), 390 individuals from the town of Rio Branco, Acre, aged two or more years were selected for the determination of the seroprevalence of HBV and HCV. HBV markers (HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc IgG) were determined on this occasion and anti-HBs antibodies were also assessed 30 days after the third vaccine dose. At the time of vaccination, 39% of the individuals were still susceptible to HBV, while 61% presented serologic evidence of previous HBV contact or previous vaccination. The individuals with previous HBV contact were significantly older (p&lt;0.001) than those without HBV markers. Of the 192 individuals who...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Hepatitis B vaccination; Amazonia; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis C; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702004000200003

Comparison of clinical and laboratory characteristics between children and adults with dengue
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Souza,Luiz José de; Pessanha,Laís Bastos; Mansur,Laura Carvalho; Souza,Luiza Assed de; Ribeiro,Mariana Barbosa Tâmega; Silveira,Monique do Vale da; Souto Filho,João Tadeu Damian.
Over the past several years, the epidemiological profile of dengue has been changing progressively and is currently characterized by an increase in the number of cases in children under 15 years of age. This study was aimed at comparing the clinical and laboratory features between adults and children with dengue; therefore, we performed a cross-sectional analysis of 5686 individuals with laboratory-confirmed dengue who sought treatment at a healthcare facility in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil from 2010 to 2011. A multivariate analysis indicated that myalgia (OR = 2.58; CI 95% = 2.08-3.18), retro-orbital pain (OR = 1.36; CI 95% = 1.15-1.62), nausea (OR = 1.92; CI 95% = 1.60-2.30), and arthralgia (OR = 3.64; CI 95% = 2.72-4.89) were the most frequent clinical...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Dengue; Dengue fever; Clinical spectra; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702013000100005

Parainfluenza virus infections in a tropical city: clinical and epidemiological aspects
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Fé,Mariana Mota Moura; Monteiro,André Jalles; Moura,Fernanda Edna Araújo.
Little information on the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of human parainfluenza virus (HPIV) infections, especially in children from tropical countries, has been published. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of HPIV infections in children attended at a large hospital in Fortaleza in Northeast Brazil, and describe seasonal patterns, clinical and epidemiological characteristics of these infections. From January 2001 to December 2006, a total of 3070 nasopharyngeal aspirates collected from children were screened by indirect immunofluorescence for human parainfluenza viruses 1, 2, and 3 (HPIV-1, 2 and 3) and other respiratory viruses. Viral antigens were identified in 933 samples and HPIV in 117. The frequency of HPIV-3, HPIV-1 and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Acute respiratory infections; Parainfluenza virus; Epidemiology; Brazil.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702008000300006

The epidemiology of sepsis in a Brazilian teaching hospital
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Kauss,IAM; Grion,Cintia MC; Cardoso,LTQ; Anami,EHT; Nunes,LB; Ferreira,GL; Matsuo,T; Bonametti,AM.
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to estimate disease incidence and mortality rate of sepsis in a tertiary public hospital. METHODS: Patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in 2004 and 2005 were monitored for sepsis using an observational longitudinal study design. Patients were monitored daily for diagnostic criteria of sepsis, according to ACCP/SCCM Consensus Conference criteria, until either death or hospital discharge. RESULTS: During the study, we analyzed 1,179 patients. Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) was present in 1,048 (88.9%) patients on admission, and was associated with infection in 554 (47.0%) patients. Of these, sepsis was diagnosed in 30 (2.5%) patients, while severe sepsis was diagnosed in 269 (22.8%)...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Sepsis; Incidence; Mortality; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702010000300011

Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of herpes zoster in a tertiary care hospital in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Antoniolli,Luciana; Rodrigues,Camila; Borges,Rafael; Goldani,Luciano Z.
ABSTRACT  Background: There is little information on herpes zoster from hospital registries in South America. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological and clinical aspects of herpes zoster (HZ) in hospitalized patients.'  Methods: We searched for hospital-based records during the period from March 2000 to January 2017 in a 700-bed tertiary-care hospital located in southern Brazil. The medical records of all eligible patients were reviewed, and data regarding demographics, medical history, clinical and laboratory characteristics, treatment regimens, and clinical outcomes were collected. Patients were also evaluated for mortality.  Results: There were 801 records of herpes zoster according to the proposed criteria. Most patients with HZ...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Herpes zoster; Clinical manifestations; Epidemiology; Treatment.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702019000200143

Epidemiological and microbiological aspects of acute bacterial diarrhea in children from Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Diniz-Santos,Daniel R.; Santana,José S.; Barretto,Junaura R.; Andrade,Maria Goreth M.; Silva,Luciana R.
In the few cases of acute childhood diarrhea that require antimicrobial therapy, the correct choice of the drug depends on detailed previous knowledge of local strains. In order to establish such parameters in our city, we reviewed the results of all 260 positive stool cultures of children between 0 and 15 years of age during two years at a pediatric tertiary care facility in Salvador, Brazil. Bacterial strains had been presumptively identified by culturing in selective media and by biochemical testing, and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns were automatically detected by the MicroScan Walkaway System. Data about patients' sex and age, monthly distribution of the cases, pathogens isolated and their antimicrobial resistance patterns were recorded....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Diarrhea; Antimicrobial; Resistance; Children; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702005000100013

Japanese encephalitis: a review of the Indian perspective
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Tiwari,Sarika; Singh,Rishi Kumar; Tiwari,Ruchi; Dhole,Tapan N.
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) causes Japanese encephalitis, which is a leading form of viral encephalitis in Asia, with around 50,000 cases and 10,000 deaths per year in children below 15 years of age. The JEV has shown a tendency to extend to other geographic regions. Case fatality averages 30% and a high percentage of the survivors are left with permanent neuropsychiatric sequelae. Currently, there is no cure for JEV, and treatment is mainly supportive. Patients are not infectious, but should avoid further mosquito bites. A number of antiviral agents have been investigated; however, none of these have convincingly been shown to improve the outcome of JEV. In this review, the current knowledge of the epidemiology and the pathogenesis of this deadly...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Pathogenesis; Vector born diseases; Epidemics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702012000600011

Epidemiological aspects of an infection by Brucella abortus in risk occupational groups in the microregion of Araguaína, Tocantins
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Ramos,Taciana Rabelo Ramalho; Pinheiro Junior,José Wilton; Moura Sobrinho,Pedro Alves de; Santana,Vânia Lúcia de Assis; Guerra,Neurisvan Ramos; Melo,Lúcio Esmeraldo Honório de; Mota,Rinaldo Aparecido.
The aim of this paper was to study some epidemiological aspects of the infection by Brucella abortus in risk occupational groups in the microregion of Araguaína, Tocantins. For antibody research, 645 serum samples were analyzed by the complement fixation test (CF). A 4.0% frequency was found (26/645) in patients' serum and among those 4.1% (23/551) were slaughterhouses employees and 8.1% (3/37) rural workers. Of the total positive samples, three (2.0%) were women and 23 (4.7%) men; ten (2.9%) were between the ages of 18 and 30, six (3.4%) between 31 and 40, and nine (8.0%) were above 41 years of age. Risk factors for brucellosis in the study groups were age, background (OR = 2.45; CI 95% = 0.98 to 6.10) and previous work conducted with production animals...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Brucellosis; Epidemiology; Humans; Risk factors.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702008000200007

Clinical and epidemiological aspects of children hospitalized with severe rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis in Salvador, BA, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Carneiro,Nadya B.; Diniz-Santos,Daniel R.; Fagundes,Sabrina Q.; Neves,Lívio L.; Reges,Rodrigo M. B.; Lima,Eduardo K. P.; Quadros,Vitor H. de Oliva; Soares,Luis E. de Jesus; Silva,Fernando S. R.; Schneiter,Henrique de Gouvêa; Figueiredo,Ísis; Silva,Luciana R.
Little is known about the epidemiology of severe rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis in Brazil. Given the morbidity associated with this condition and the importance of having detailed knowledge about the impact of rotavirus infection on the epidemiology of acute diarrhea in children, especially those with the most severe diarrheal conditions, we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all pediatric patients admitted to a tertiary hospital in Salvador, Brazil, due to rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis during one year. It was observed that rotavirus was responsible for 15.6% of the hospitalizations caused by diarrhea and/or vomiting during the period of the study and that 87 of 218 (39.1%) patients seen at the emergency room with...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Rotavirus; Acute diarrhea; Epidemiology; Children.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702005000600013

Hepatitis A: the costs and benefits of the disease prevention by vaccine, Paraná, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Zahdi,Mariana Ribas; Maluf Junior,Ivan; Maluf,Eliane Mara Cesário Pereira.
This study evaluated the epidemiological behavior of the hepatitis A in Paraná state and compared the costs of the disease and the vaccination. This is an epidemiological descriptive study including a pharmacoeconomy analysis. We collected information in the national database reported cases (SINAN), in the mortality information system (SIM) and in the hospital information system (AIH) among 2000/2003 (Paraná State Public Health Department). We estimated the probability of one cohort of children to acquire hepatitis A during their lifetime and the costs with their treatment. We compared those costs with the cost of vaccinating the children. 14,682 hepatitis A cases were registered during the period studied, and 12,102 (82.4%) occurred in the 0-15 years-old...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Hepatitis A; Vaccine; Epidemiology; Cost-benefit.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702009000400003

Will Mayaro virus be responsible for the next outbreak of an arthropod-borne virus in Brazil?
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Esposito,Danillo Lucas Alves; Fonseca,Benedito Antonio Lopes da.
Abstract Mayaro virus is an alphavirus from the Togaviridae family and is transmitted mainly by Hemagogus mosquitoes. This virus circulates in high-density tropical forests or rural areas of Central and South America causing a disease characterized by high-grade fever, maculopapular skin rash and marked arthralgia that, in some patients, can persist for long periods after infection and may be misinterpreted as chikungunya. Although only a few outbreaks involving this virus have been reported, in the last years the number of Mayaro virus infections has increased in the central and northern regions of Brazil. In this review, we describe the reported prevalence of this infection over the years and discuss the circumstances that can contribute to the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Mayaro virus; Alphavirus; Chikungunya virus; Epidemiology; Outbreaks.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702017000500540

Hepatitis C as a risk factor for diabetes type 2: lack of evidence in a hospital in central-west Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Costa,Luce Marina Freires Corrêa da; Mussi,Aparecida Duarte Hg; Brianeze,Marylina Rodrigues; Souto,Francisco José Dutra.
In order to assess the importance of HCV infection as a possible risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus, a case-control study was conducted, comparing the prevalence of HCV infection among diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Diabetic outpatients attending to a University Hospital in Central-West Brazil were evaluated between April and October 2005. A control group composed by patients from the same institution was matched by gender and age. Candidates to control group were included only if fasting glucose measures were under 100 mg/dL. Diabetics and controls had blood samples taken in order to test for antibodies against HCV (anti-HCV) by enzyme-immunoassay. Polymerase chain reaction and immunoblot were performed to confirm the anti-HCV status. Each...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Case control study; Risk factors; Hepatitis C virus; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702008000100007

Epidemiology of septic arthritis of the knee at Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade de São Paulo
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Helito,Camilo Partezani; Noffs,Guilherme Guelfi; Pecora,Jose Ricardo; Gobbi,Riccardo Gomes; Tirico,Luis Eduardo Passarelli; Lima,Ana Lucia Munhoz; de Oliveira,Priscila Rosalba; Camanho,Gilberto Luis.
Background:Septic arthritis is an infrequent disease although very important due to the possibility of disastrous outcomes if treatment is not adequately established. Adequate information concerning the epidemiology of septic arthritis is still lacking due to the uncommon nature of the disease as well as the struggle to establish a correct case-definition.Objective:To epidemiologically characterize the population seen at Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo with a diagnosis of septic arthritis between 2006 and 2011.Methods:Sixty-one patients diagnosed with septic arthritis of the knee between 2006 and 2011 were retrospectively evaluated. The patients' clinical and epidemiological characteristics, the microorganisms that caused the infection and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Knee; Infection; Septic arthritis; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702014000100028

Multivariate analysis of the factors associated with the risk of pneumonia in intensive care units
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Carrilho,Cláudia Maria Dantas de Maio; Grion,Cintia Magalhães Carvalho; Bonametti,Ana Maria; Medeiros,Eduardo Alexandrino Servolo; Matsuo,Tiemi.
Pneumonia is the most frequent hospital infection in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU) and is also responsible for the highest lethality rates, as well as an increase in both the duration and costs of hospitalization. The objective of this study was to identify predisposing factors for pneumonia. A prospective cohort study was carried out between June 1996 and June 1997, and included 540 patients admitted consecutively for periods greater than 24 hours to the adult ICU of the Londrina State University's Teaching Hospital. Of these, 83 (15.4%) developed pneumonia. All patients were analyzed with respect to various risk factors for hospital-acquired pneumonia. Univariate analysis identified the following factors: decreased level of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Pneumonia; Epidemiology; Risk factors.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702007000300008

Molecular types of Cryptococcus species isolated from patients with cryptococcal meningitis in a Brazilian tertiary care hospital
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Wirth,Fernanda; Azevedo,Maria Isabel; Goldani,Luciano Z.
ABSTRACT There are limited data on the molecular epidemiology of cryptococcosis in Brazil. Here, we report on the identification of the molecular pattern of the Cryptococcus species that caused meningitis in patients admitted in a Brazilian reference tertiary care hospital, and review the published studies addressing the molecular epidemiology of Cryptococcus in Brazil. Our study has shown the predominance of molecular type VNII in HIV-infected patients with cryptococcal meningoencephalitis. Molecular types VNII and VGII were occasionally detected in HIV-infected and non-infected patients with meningoencephalitis. In contrast, previous studies have shown that several regions exhibited a high prevalence of the VNI molecular type and sporadic cases of the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Cryptococcus; Genotypes; Molecular types; Epidemiology; Brazil.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702018000600495

Trends and predictors of HIV-1 acquired drug resistance in Minas Gerais, Brazil: 2002–2012
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Duani,Helena; Aleixo,Agdemir Waleria; Tupinambás,Unaí.
Abstract Several studies show that the prevalence of multidrug-resistant HIV-1 virus is declining over time. A retrospective cohort study was carried out to evaluate the trends of drug resistance in antiretroviral treatment-exposed individuals in a state of a middle-income country, Minas Gerais, southeast region of Brazil. We analyzed 2115 HIV-1 sequences from 2002 up to 2012, from 52 cities of Minas Gerais. The groups were analyzed according to the definitions: "IAS – 3 class mutations", if ≥1 drug resistance mutation from IAS 2015 list (DRM) was present in each class; "No fully susceptible drugs" as the absence of any fully susceptible drug in Stanford algorithm; and "GSS ≥ 2″, when a maximum calculated GSS (genotypic susceptibility score) was ≥2 or ≥3,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV; Antiretroviral; Resistance; Genotyping; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702017000200148

Prevalence of Guillain-Barré syndrome among Zika virus infected cases: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Barbi,Ludovica; Coelho,Antonio Victor Campos; Alencar,Luiz Cláudio Arraes de; Crovella,Sergio.
ABSTRACT Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emergent flavivirus transmitted mainly through Aedes spp. mosquitoes that is posing challenge to healthcare services in countries experiencing an outbreak. Usually ZIKV infection is mild, but in some cases it has been reported to progress into neurological diseases such as microcephaly in infants and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) in adults. GBS is a debilitating autoimmune disorder that affects peripheral nerves. Since ZIKV caused massive outbreaks in South America in the past few years, we aimed to systematically review the literature and perform a meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence of GBS among ZIKV-infected individuals. We searched PubMed and Cochrane databases and selected three studies for a meta-analysis. We...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Arboviruses; Zika virus; Guillain-Barré syndrome; Epidemiology; Emergent diseases.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702018000200137

Epidemiology of HIV/HCV coinfection in patients cared for at the Tropical Medicine Foundation of Amazonas
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Victoria,Marilú Barbieri; Victoria,Flamir da Silva; Torres,Kátia Luz; Kashima,Simone; Covas,Dimas Tadeu; Malheiro,Adriana.
The association of HIV infection and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection often occurs because both viruses share the same transmission routes, increasing the possibility of HIV/HCV coinfection. World prevalence greater than 30% of coinfected cases is estimated, and it can reach 90% depending on the transmission route. With the aim of determining the frequency and profile of HIV/HCV coinfected patients, a descriptive analysis was carried out with patients with HIV/AIDS whose serology was positive for hepatitis C virus (HCV), cared for at the Fundação de Medicina Tropical do Amazonas from 2000 to 2007. In the present study, of the 2,653 AIDS cases notified in SINAN, 1,582 patients underwent serology test for hepatitis C, and a frequency of 4.42% (n = 70) of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Coinfection; Hepatitis C; HIV; Epidemiology; Transmission.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702010000200004

Distribution of filamentous fungi causing invasive fungal disease at the haematological unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Aquino,Valério Rodrigues; Verçosa,Emanuelle Bergonsi; Falhauber,Gustavo; Lunardi,Luciano Werle; Silla,Lucia; Pasqualotto,Alessandro Comarú.
Very limited data are available in the literature to elucidate the aetiology of invasive mould infections in Latin America. Here we report that Aspergillus species caused only half of such cases in a cohort study conducted over 21 months in a university hospital in Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil. Fusarium spp. were the second most prevalent moulds (20.7%), followed by Zygomycetes (13.8%). The importance of obtaining local epidemiological data for adequately guiding empirical antifungal therapy is reinforced.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Aspergillus; Fusarium; Mold infections; Epidemiology; Zygomycosis.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702010000300013

High prevalence of hepatitis C associated with familial history of hepatitis in a small town of south Brazil: efficiency of the rapid test for epidemiological survey
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Ivantes,Cláudia Alexandra Pontes; Silva,Danilo; Messias-Reason,Iara.
This report describes a cross-sectional survey on the prevalence of hepatitis C antibodies (anti-HCV) in Tamboara, a small community in the northwest area from Paraná State, south of Brazil with a high rate of accumulated detection for HCV. Eight hundred and sixteen residents (17.87% from all the population), independently of the age and time living in Tamboara were included in this study by an epidemiologic questionnaire and by testing for anti-HCV. The rapid immuno-chromatographic test was applied for detection of HCV antibodies. The anti-HCV prevalence by rapid test was 4.28%. The median age for positive and negative test was 60.49 ± 14.14 and 41.67 ± 20.25, respectively (p &lt; 0.001). By multivariate analysis, only familial history of hepatitis (p =...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Hepatitis C; Epidemiology; Brazil.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702010000500010

Association of IL-8-inducing strains of diffusely adherent Escherichia coli with sporadic diarrheal patients with less than 5 years of age
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Meraz,Ismail Mustafa; Arikawa,Kentaro; Nakamura,Hiromi; Ogasawara,Jun; Hase,Atsushi; Nishikawa,Yoshikazu.
The role of diffusely adherent Escherichia coli (DAEC) in diarrheal disease has been controversial. However, DAEC strains were recently implicated in diarrheal disease in developing countries. To clarify whether DAEC are prevalent among sporadic cases of diarrheal illness in Osaka City, Japan, E. coli strains isolated between July 1997 and March 2000 during diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC) investigation were retrospectively examined. DAEC strains were recognized among 41 (4.4%) of 924 patients and formed the biggest subgroup of DEC. Previously, we reported that some DAEC strains caused epithelial cells to secrete as much IL-8 as enteroaggregative E. coli strains did. In this study, we attempted to evaluate epidemiologically whether the ability of DAEC to induce...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: DAEC; IL-8; Afa; Age; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702007000100012

Nosocomial infections in brazilian pediatric patients: using a decision tree to identify high mortality groups
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Lopes,Julia M.M.; Goulart,Eugenio M.A.; Siqueira,Arminda L.; Fonseca,Inara K.; Brito,Marcus V.S. de; Starling,Carlos E.F.
Nosocomial infections (NI) are frequent events with potentially lethal outcomes. We identified predictive factors for mortality related to NI and developed an algorithm for predicting that risk in order to improve hospital epidemiology and healthcare quality programs. We made a prospective cohort NI surveillance of all acute-care patients according to the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System guidelines since 1992, applying the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1988 definitions adapted to a Brazilian pediatric hospital. Thirty-eight deaths considered to be related to NI were analyzed as the outcome variable for 754 patients with NI, whose survival time was taken into consideration. The predictive factors for mortality related to NI (p...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Healthcare quality; Mortality; Nosocomial infection; Pediatric hospital.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702009000200008

Identifying and controlling a multiresistant pseudomonas aeruginosa outbreak in a latin-american cancer centre and its associated risk factors
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Cortes,Jorge Alberto; Cuervo,Sonia Isabel; Urdaneta,Ana María; Potdevin,Guillermo; Arroyo,Patricia; Bermúdez,Diana; Correa,Adriana; Villegas,María Virginia.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important and frightening microorganism for patients suffering from cancer. Multiresistant P. aeruginosa (MRPA) may appear as a consequence of exposure to multiple antibiotics or from a breakdown in infection control practices. This article reports an MRPA outbreak in a cancer treatment centre and the consequent case control study. Mechanical ventilation was identified as being the main risk factor for developing MRPA colonisation or infection; molecular analysis confirmed the outbreak. A multifaceted strategy was adopted, involving reinforcing hand-washing practices, contact isolation, antibiotic restriction and suction devices for mechanically-ventilated patients. MRPA was controlled and the outbreak ended. Such strategy may...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Epidemiology; Multiple drug resistance; Bacteria; Risk factor.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702009000200005

Frequency of viral etiology in symptomatic adult upper respiratory tract infections
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Silva,Raquel Cirlene da; Mendes,Gabriella da Silva; Rojas,Miguel Angel; Amorim,Ariane Ribeiro; Couceiro,José Nelson; Lupi,Omar; Elabras,José; Pires,Gisele; Valle,Solange; Santos,Norma.
Aims: To determine the frequency of viral pathogens causing upper respiratory tract infections in non-hospitalized, symptomatic adults in the city of Rio de Janeiro.Methods:Respiratory samples (nasal/throat swabs) were collected between August 2010 and November 2012 and real time PCR was used to detect different viral pathogens.Results:Viruses were detected in 32.1% (43/134) of samples from 101 patients. Speciﬁcally, 9% (12/134) were positive for HBoV, 8.2% (11/134) were positive for HAdV, 5.2% (7/134) were positive for HRV, and 1.5% (2/134) were positive for FLUBV or HMPV, as single infections. HRSV-A, HPIV-3, and HCoV-HKU1 were detected in one (0.75%) sample each. Co-infections were detected in 4.8% (6/134) of the samples. Peaks of viral infections were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Respiratory infection; Viral infection; Viral diagnosis; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702015000100030

Disease burden of chronic hepatitis C in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Ferreira,Paulo Roberto Abrão; Brandão-Mello,Carlos Eduardo; Estes,Chris; Gonçales Júnior,Fernando Lopes; Coelho,Henrique Sérgio Moraes; Razavi,Homie; Cheinquer,Hugo; Wolff,Fernando Herz; Ferraz,Maria Lúcia Gomes; Pessoa,Mário Guimarães; Mendes-Correa,Maria Cássia.
Background: Hepatitis C virus infection is a major cause of cirrhosis; hepatocellular carcinoma; and liver transplantation. The aim of this study was to estimate hepatitis C virus disease progression and the burden of disease from a nationwide perspective.Methods: Using a model developed to forecast hepatitis C virus disease progression and the number of cases at each stage of liver disease; hepatitis C virus-infected population and associated disease progression in Brazil were quantiﬁed. The impact of two different strategies was compared: higher sustained virological response and treatment eligibility rates (1) or higher diagnosis and treatment rates associated with increased sustained virological response rates (2).Results: The number of infected...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HCV; Disease burden; Epidemiology; Incidence; Brazil.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702015000400363

HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission in Brazil (1994-2016): a time series modeling
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Coelho,Antonio Victor Campos; Coelho,Hemílio Fernandes Campos; Arraes,Luiz Cláudio; Crovella,Sergio.
Abstract HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission (HIV-1 MTCT), is an important cause of children mortality worldwide. Brazil has been traditionally praised by its HIV/Aids program, which provides free-of-charge care for people living with HIV-1. Using public epidemiology and demographic databases, we aimed at modeling HIV-1 MTCT prevalence in Brazil through the years (1994-2016) and elaborate a statistical model for forecasting, contributing to HIV-1 epidemiologic surveillance and healthcare decision-making. We downloaded sets of live births and mothers' data alongside HIV-1 cases notification in children one year old or less. Through time series modeling, we estimated prevalence along the years in Brazil, and observed a remarkable decrease of HIV-1 MTCT...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV-1; Vertical transmission; Perinatal transmission; Biostatistics; Epidemiology; Forecasting.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702019000400218

A systematic review of East African-Indian family of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Duarte,Tonya Azevedo; Nery,Joilda Silva; Boechat,Neio; Pereira,Susan Martins; Simonsen,Vera; Oliveira,Martha; Gomes,Maria Gabriela Miranda; Penha-Gonçalves,Carlos; Barreto,Mauricio Lima; Barbosa,Theolis.
ABSTRACT  Introduction: The Mycobacterium tuberculosis East African-Indian (EAI) spoligotyping family (belonging to lineage 1, Indo-Oceanic, defined by the region of deletion RD239) is distributed worldwide, but is more prevalent in Southeast Asia, India, and East Africa. Studies in Latin America have rarely identified EAI. In this study, we describe the occurrence of the EAI family in Brazil.  Methods: EAI was identified in a systematic literature review of genetic diversity studies pertaining to M. tuberculosis in Brazil, as well as in a survey conducted in Salvador, Bahia, located in the northeastern region of this country.  Results: The EAI6-BGD1 spoligotyping family and the EAI5 Spoligotype International Type (SIT) 1983 clade were the most frequently...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Phylogeography; Genotyping; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702017000300317

Secular trends of candidemia at a Brazilian tertiary care teaching hospital
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Braga,Paula Rocha; Cruz,Isabela L.; Ortiz,Isadora; Barreiros,Gloria; Nouér,Simone A.; Nucci,Marcio.
ABSTRACT  Background Candidemia is the most frequent invasive fungal disease in hospitalized patients, and is associated with high mortality rates. The main objective of this study was to evaluate changes in the epidemiology of candidemia at a tertiary care hospital in a 21-year period.  Methods We evaluated all episodes of candidemia diagnosed between 1996 and 2016 at a University-affiliated tertiary care hospital in Brazil. We arbitrarily divided the study period in 3: 1996-2002 (period 1), 2003-2009 (period 2) and 2010-2016 (period 3). Incidence rates were calculated using hospital admissions as denominator.  Results We observed 331 episodes of candidemia. The incidence was 1.30 episodes per 1000 admissions, with no significant change over time. Candida...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Candidemia; Epidemiology; Fungemia; Candida.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702018000400273

Cervical human papillomavirus infection and persistence: a clinic-based study in the countryside from South Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Coser,Janaina; Boeira,Thaís da Rocha; Wolf,Jonas Michel; Cerbaro,Kamila; Simon,Daniel; Lunge,Vagner Ricardo.
Abstract Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is common in sexually active women and viral persistence may cause intraepithelial lesions and eventually progress to cervical cancer (CC). The present study aimed to investigate epidemiological factors related to HPV infection and to evaluate viral persistence and CC precursor lesions frequencies in women from a city in the countryside of South Brazil. Three hundred women were recruited from a primary public health care clinic. The patients were interviewed and underwent sampling with cervical brushes for HPV-DNA detection/typing by a PCR-based assay and cytological analysis by Pap smear test. HPV was detected in 47 (15.7%) women. HPV infection was significantly associated with young age (&lt;30 years) and low...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HPV prevalence; HPV persistence; Cervical cancer; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702016000100061

Serological markers of hepatitis A, B and C viruses in rural communities of the semiarid Brazilian Northeast
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Almeida,Delvone; Tavares-Neto,José; Vitvitski,Ludmila; Almeida,Alessandro; Mello,Caroline; Santana,Diana; Tatsch,Fernando; Paraná,Raymundo.
In the village of Cavunge, located in a dry tropical, semiarid rural region of the state of Bahia, Brazil, a sentinel study on viral hepatitis is underway. We report on the first part of the study. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of serological markers for hepatitis A, B and C in the village. Cross sectional study. Blood samples were tested for serological markers of hepatitis A (HAV), B (HBV) and C (HCV) through ELISA-III assay. In HBsAg and anti-HCV carriers, HCV-RNA and HBV-DNA were checked by PCR. The prevalence of anti-HAV IgG was 83.3% (1,210/1,452), being higher among residents from the village (87.4%) than in residents from the rural area (79.5%); it also higher among individuals older than 10 years of age. The...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Hepatitis A; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis C; Epidemiology; Brazil.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702006000500003

The public health implications of melioidosis
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Inglis,Timothy J.J.; Sousa,Anastácio Q.
Melioidosis, which is caused by the bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei, is a potentially fatal tropical infection, little known outside its main endemic zone of Southeast Asia and northern Australia. Though it has received more attention in recent years on account of its claimed suitability as a biological weapon agent, the principal threat from melioidosis is a result of naturally occurring events. Occasional case clusters, sporadic cases outside the known endemic zone and infections in unusual demographic groups highlight a changing epidemiology. As melioidosis is the result of an environmental encounter and not person-to-person transmission, subtle changes in its epidemiology indicate a role environmental factors, such as man-made disturbances of soil...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Public Health; Melioidosis; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702009000100013

Clinical tomographic correlations of 220 patients with neurocisticercosis, Bahia, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Andrade-Filho,Antônio de Souza; Figuerôa,Luiz Frederico da Silva; Andrade-Souza,Victor Mascarenhas.
Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a common parasitic disease in our region, presenting diversity of neurological symptoms and signs. The present study has as primary objective an evaluation of the NCC's clinical and epidemiological profile within Bahia State, by means of a prospective study of 220 patients diagnosed from March 1988 to March 1999, with a follow-up of six months. Exams, such as Computed Cranial Tomography Scan (CT), Cerebral Spine Fluid (CSF) and Electroencephalogram (EEG), were accomplished in three distinct moments of these patients' evolution: at starting or diagnostic point (zero time), at after-intervention period (one month after treatment), and at control period (six months after treatment).
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Neurocysticercosis; Computadorized tomography; Epidemiology; Clinical.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702007000100025

Self-reported syphilis and associated factors among Brazilian young adults: findings from a nationwide survey
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Kops,Natália Luiza; Bessel,Marina; Hohenberger,Glaucia F.; Benzaken,Adele; Wendland,Eliana.
Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate self-reported syphilis and associated factors in sexually active young adults (16-25 years old) in the Public Health System in Brazil. This was a cross-sectional study with 8071 participants recruited from 119 primary care units. Of these, 224 (2.86%, 95% CI 2.29-3.43%) reported having the disease. Age, lower socio-economic class, being a smoker, not using a condom at first sexual intercourse, and ever had a same-sex sexual experience were associated with syphilis. The results reinforce the importance of implementing strategies focused on socio-economic class and early sexual education that encourage condom use from the beginning of sexual activity.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Syphilis; Epidemiology; Primary care; Public health.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702019000400274

Carriage prevalence of Neisseria meningitidis in the Americas in the 21st century: a systematic review
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Santos-Neto,José Francisco; Ferreira,Viviane Matos; Feitosa,Caroline Alves; Martinez-Silveira,Martha Silvia; Campos,Leila Carvalho.
Abstract Neisseria meningitidis is a bacterium that colonizes the human nasopharynx and is transmitted by respiratory droplets from asymptomatic or symptomatic carriers. Occasionally, the pathogen invades the mucosa and enters the bloodstream, causing invasive meningococcal disease, a life-threatening infection. While meningococcal colonization is the first step in the development of invasive disease, the risk factors that predict progression from asymptomatic to symptomatic status are not well-known. The present report aimed to describe the prevalence of N. meningitidis carriers throughout the Americas, emphasizing the risk factors associated with carrier status, as well as the most prevalent serogroups in each studied population. We conducted a...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Neisseria meningitidis; Carrier; America; Epidemiology; Vaccine.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702019000400254

HBV epidemiology and genetic diversity in an area of high prevalence of hepatitis B in southern Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Paoli,Juliana de; Wortmann,André Castagna; Klein,Mirelli Gabardo; Pereira,Vagner Reinaldo Zingalli Bueno; Cirolini,Adriana Maria; Godoy,Bibiane Armiliato de; Fagundes,Nelson Jurandi Rosa; Wolf,Jonas Michel; Lunge,Vagner Ricardo; Simon,Daniel.
ABSTRACT  Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health problem in Brazil. HBV endemicity is usually moderate to low according to geographic regions, and high prevalence of this virus has been reported in people of some specific Brazilian counties, including those with a strong influence of Italian colonization in southern Brazil. Analysis of HBV diversity and identification of the main risk factors to HBV infection are necessary to understand hepatitis B epidemiology in these high prevalence regions in southern Brazil.  Objective To investigate epidemiological characteristics and HBV genotypes and subgenotypes circulating in a specific city with high HBV prevalence.  Methods A cross-sectional study was performed with 102 HBV...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HBV infection; Epidemiology; HBV genotypes; Risk factor; Transmission; Cross-sectional studies.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702018000400294

Epidemiological and microbiological analysis of ventilator-associated pneumonia patients in a public teaching hospital
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Silva Júnior,João Manoel da; Rezende,Ederlon; Guimarães,Thaís; Campos,Edvaldo V. dos; Magno,Luiz André; Consorti,Lívia; Pereira,Renata Andréa Pietro; Nascimento,Maria de Lourdes; Mendonça,João Silva de.
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most commonly-acquired infection in patients in intensive care units. We analyzed epidemiological and microbiological characteristics and the outcome, in a cohort of critically-ill patients with confirmed diagnosis of VAP. All patients who had been on mechanical ventilation (MV) for more than 48 hours were included in our study; material collection for microbiological analysis was done within the first 24 hours after beginning treatment or after changing antibiotics. There were 55/265 (20.7%) VAP cases diagnosed, at a rate of 21.6 episodes per 1,000 days of mechanical ventilation. Mean age of the patients was 66 years, with a mean APACHE II score of 26.7 + 7.0; male patients were more prevalent. The mortality...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ventilator-associated pneumonia; Epidemiology; Microbiology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702007000500009

Pertussis in the central-west region of Brazil: one decade study
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Druzian,Angelita Fernandes; Brustoloni,Yvone Maia; Oliveira,Sandra Maria do Valle Leone; Matos,Vanessa Terezinha Gubert de; Negri,Adriana Carla Garcia; Pinto,Clarice Souza; Asato,Silvia; Urias,Cirlene dos Santos Gonçalves; Paniago,Anamaria Mello Miranda.
In many parts of the world, numerous outbreaks of pertussis have been described despite high vaccination coverage. In this article we report the epidemiological characteristics of pertussis in Brazil using a Surveillance Worksheet. Secondary data of pertussis case investigations reported from January 1999 to December 2008 recorded in the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (SINAN) and the Central Laboratory for Public Health (LACEN-MS) were utilized. The total of 561 suspected cases were reported and 238 (42.4%) of these were confirmed, mainly in children under six months (61.8%) and with incomplete immunization (56.3%). Two outbreaks were detected. Mortality rate ranged from 2.56% to 11.11%. The occurrence of outbreaks and the poor performance of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Whooping cough; Pertussis; Epidemiology; Bordetella pertussis; Outbreak investigation.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702014000200177

Profile of patients diagnosed with AIDS at age 60 and above in Brazil, from 1980 until June 2009, compared to those diagnosed at age 18 to 59
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Fonseca,Marise Oliveira; Tupinambás,Unaí; Sousa,Artur Iuri Alves de; Baisley,Kathy; Greco,Dirceu Bartolomeu; Rodrigues,Laura.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to learn more about people diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) at age 60 and above in Brazil, and to compare them with people diagnosed at a younger age. METHODS: This study was based on the analysis of secondary data from the Brazilian AIDS Program. The study population consisted of people diagnosed with AIDS at age 60 and above. The comparison group was comprised of a 20% random sample of people diagnosed at age 18 to 59, frequency-matched by year of diagnosis. RESULTS: 544,846 cases of AIDS were reported in Brazil from 1980 until June 2009. Over 90% of cases were diagnosed between 18 and 59 years of age, and 13,657 (2.5%) at age 60 and above. The first case of AIDS among the elderly was reported...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HIV; AIDS; Elderly; Epidemiology; Brazil.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702012000600009

Novel pharmaceutical molecules against emerging resistant gram-positive cocci
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Manfredi,Roberto; Sabbatani,Sergio.
INTRODUCTION: methicillin- and also vancomycin (glycopeptide)-resistant Gram-positive organisms have emerged as an increasingly problematic cause of hospital-acquired infections, also spreading into the community. Vancomycin (glycopeptide) resistance has emerged primarily among Enterococci, but the MIC values of vancomycin for the entire Staphylococcus species are also increasing worldwide. MATERIAL AND METHODS: the aim of our review is to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of newer antibiotics with activity against methicillin-resistant and glycopeptide-resistant Gram-positive cocci, on the ground of our experience at a tertiary care metropolitan Hospital, and the most recent literature evidences in this field. RESULTS: Quinupristin-dalfopristin,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Resistant gram-positive cocci; Staphylococci; Enterococci; Pneumococci; Streptococci; Epidemiology; Clinical issues; Novel antimicrobial compounds; Characteristics; Literature evidences.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702010000100020

Risk of tuberculosis among household contacts in Salvador, Bahia
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Lemos,Antonio Carlos; Matos,Eliana D; Pedral-Sampaio,Diana B; Netto,Eduardo M.
Tuberculosis is one of the most important infectious diseases in the world. Only 68% of the estimated new tuberculosis (TB) cases in Brazil are diagnosed. Our aim was to determine the risk of infection among household contacts. Study design. Cohort of tuberculin-negative household contacts followed for 12 Months. Methods. Household contacts of randomly selected index acid-fast bacilli (AFB)-positive TB cases were evaluated through clinical examination, thorax X-ray, tuberculin, AFB smear and culture. Contacts with a negative response to the tuberculin test (less than 10 mm diameter) were retested after 90 days. Tuberculin reversal (used as a parameter of infection risk) was defined as an increase of at least 10 mm from the last measurement. Results. 269...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Tuberculosis; Infection; Epidemiology; Prevalence.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702004000600006

Re-emergence of human T-lymphotropic viruses in West Africa
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Anyanwu,Nneoma Confidence JeanStephanie; Ella,Elijah Ekah; Ohwofasa,Aghogho; Aminu,Maryam.
ABSTRACT Human T-lymphotropic viruses (HTLV) are Deltaretroviruses that infect millions of individuals worldwide via the same transmission routes as HIV. With the aim of exposing the possible re-emergence of HTLV in West Africa since discovery, a systematic review was carried out, focusing on the distribution of the virus types and significance of frequent indeterminate reports, while highlighting the need for mandatory routine blood screening. Capturing relevant data from discovery till date, sources searched were Google Scholar, CrossRef, NCBI (PubMed), MEDLINE, Research Gate, Mendeley, abstracts of Conferences and Proceedings, organization websites and reference lists of selected papers. A total of 2626 references were initially retrieved using search...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: HTLV in West Africa; Worldwide distribution; Epidemiology; HAM/TSP; Seroindeterminate individuals; Blood transfusion; ATLL.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702018000300224

Chronic hepatitis C virus in the state of Piauí, northeastern Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Veras,Kelson Nobre; Jacobina,Kelson Sousa; Soares,Vítor Y. Rocha; Avelino,Marcela Amaral; Vasconcelos,Conceição de Maria S.R.; Parente,José Miguel L.
Knowledge of genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) has clinical importance due to genotype 1 lower response to treatment compared with genotypes 2 and 3. The goal of this survey was to describe clinical and laboratorial profiles of patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) in the State of Piauí, as well as to expand the overall awareness of the distribution of HCV genotyping in Northeast of Brazil. A retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out between April 1999 and August 2005. A total of 153 patients were included, 119 (77.8%) males and 34 (22.2%) females; mean age = 48.01 ± 9.11 years. We observed a homogeneous distribution between genotypes 1 (50.0%) and 3 (49.0%), while the most frequent subtype noticed was 3a (49.0%). The mean viral...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Hepatitis C virus; Genotype distribution; Chronic hepatitis C.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702009000200011

Epidemiological aspects of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in older Brazilians: a comparative approach
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Carvalho,Luiz Max Fagundes de; Câmara,Fernando Portela.
OBJECTIVES: To compare epidemiological aspects of young (15 to 49 years old) and older (more than 50 years old) AIDS patients. METHODS: We analyzed 511,633 AIDS cases notified to the Brazilian Ministry of Health in the period of 1980-2008 looking at sex, age ranges, educational level and exposure category. Patients were divided into three age groups: under 15, from 15 to 49 and over 50 years old. Using a comparative approach, we analyzed data with regard to category of exposure, education (expressed in years of schooling), and sex ratio among younger (15-49) and older adults (over 50 years old). Time series data were log-transformed and normalized, and the temporal trend was evaluated. RESULTS: AIDS incidence is increasing among people over 50 years old in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Acquired immunodeficiency; Syndrome; Health of the elderly; Statistical analysis; Epidemiology; Risk factors.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702012000100006

Strategies to reduce mortality and morbidity due to AIDS-related cryptococcal meningitis in Latin America
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Vidal,Jose E.; Oliveira,Augusto C. Penalva de; Dauar,Rafi F.; Boulware,David R.
Latin America is the region with the third most AIDS-related cryptococcal meningitis infections globally. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has reduced the number of infections; however, the number of deaths and the case-fatality rate continues to be unacceptable. In this review, we focus on the burden of AIDS-related cryptococcosis in Latin America and discuss potential strategies to reduce early mortality from Cryptococcus. In this review, we highlight the importance of: (1) earlier HIV diagnosis and HAART initiation with retention-in-care to avoid AIDS; (2) pre-HAART cryptococcal antigen (CRAG) screening with preemptive fluconazole treatment; (3) better diagnostics (e.g. CRAG testing); and (4) optimal treatment with aggressive management of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cryptococcal meningitis; Cryptococccosis; Epidemiology; Diagnosis; Treatment; Mortality; Latin America.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702013000300008

Meningococcal disease before and after the introduction of meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine. Federal District, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Tauil,Márcia de Cantuária; Carvalho,Cleidiane Santos Rodrigues de; Vieira,Ataiza César; Waldman,Eliseu Alves.
OBJECTIVES: To analyze the behavior of meningococcal disease in the Federal District, Brazil, from 2005 to 2011, and to assess the direct impact of the meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine. METHODS: A descriptive study of cases of meningococcal disease among residents of the Federal District. We included in the study confirmed cases of meningococcal disease reported to the local surveillance. To reduce underreporting we compared data to the Brazilian Mortality Database and the Public Health Laboratory Database. We studied sociodemographic, clinical, and pathogen-related variables. For the assessment of the impact of meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine, which was introduced in 2010 for children under two years of age, we compared the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Meningococcal disease; Epidemiology; Control.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702014000400379

Tuberculosis in Brazil: last ten years analysis - 2001-2010
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Oliveira,Gisele Pinto de; Torrens,Ana Wieczorek; Bartholomay,Patrícia; Barreira,Draurio.
OBJECTIVE: To describe tuberculosis epidemiological situation in Brazil, as well as program performance indicators in 2001-2010 period, and discuss the relationship between changes observed and control measures implemented in this century first decade. METHODS: It is a descriptive study, data source was the Information System for Notifiable Diseases (Sinan), Mortality Information System (SIM), Unified Health System Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS) and TB Multidrug-resistant Surveillance System (MDR-TB/SS). Indicators analyzed were organized into four major groups: TB control program (TCP) coverage and case detection; morbidity; treatment and TCP performance; and mortality. RESULTS: In the years analyzed there was a decrease in the number of new cases...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Tuberculosis; Epidemiology; Surveillance; Information system; Data quality.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702013000200016

Infection with human papillomaviruses of sexual partners of women having cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Rombaldi,R.L.; Serafini,E.P.; Villa,L.L.; Vanni,A.C.; Baréa,F.; Frassini,R.; Xavier,M.; Paesi,S.
Epidemiological studies show that human papillomaviruses (HPV) are strongly related to cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (CIN). Unlike the case for women, there are no consistent data on the natural history of HPV in the male population even though these viruses are prevalent in males. We carried out a prospective study to assess the prevalence of HPV in males as well as the factors that determine such infections in 99 male sexual partners of women with CIN. The genitalia of the males were physically examined and subjected to peniscopy for the collection of scrapings which were subjected to the polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism to detect HPV. Of the 99 males sampled, 54 (54.5%) were positive for...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia; Epidemiology; Human papillomaviruses; Polymerase chain reaction.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2006000200003

Trachoma among the Yanomami Indians
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Paula,J.S.; Medina,N.H.; Cruz,A.A.V.
The Yanomami are one of the last primitive groups of Indians living in Brazil. They have almost no contact with other cultures. The epidemiology of eye disease among Yanomami is virtually unknown. For the first time, a trachoma survey was conducted among Yanomami Indians in the State of Amazonas near the Venezuelan border of the Brazilian rain forest. Ophthalmic examination was carried out on a total of 613 individuals (338 males and 275 females) from eight Yanomami villages along the Marauiá River located in the upper Rio Negro Basin. Age was classified into three categories (children, adults, and elderly) and trachoma was classified into five grades: follicular, inflammatory intense, cicatricial, trichiasis, and corneal opacity. Trachoma was endemic in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Trachoma; Yanomami; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2002001000007

Molecular detection of Leishmania spp in Lutzomyia longipalpis in the city of Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Castro,J.C.; Bueno,L.L.; Milagres,T.F.; Rêgo,F.D.; Gontijo,C.M.F.; Peconick,A.P.; Andrade,A.J.; Barçante,T.A.; Barçante,J.M.P.
Leishmaniasis is a neglected disease that affects a large part of the world population. Knowing the sand fly fauna of a region is of fundamental importance for guiding health surveillance actions related to the prevention and control of leishmaniasis. A total of 86 specimens of sand flies (60 females and 26 males) were collected. Using the classification proposed by Galati (2003), the following species were identified: Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz &amp; Neiva, 1912), Migonemyia migonei (França, 1920), Evandromyia cortelezzi (Brethes, 1923), Ev. sallesi (Galvão &amp; Coutinho, 1939), Nyssomyia whitmani (Atunes &amp; Coutinho, 1939), Psathyromyia lutziana (Costa Lima, 1932), Ev. lenti (Mangabeira, 1938), Brumptomyia sp. (França and Parrot, 1921), and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Leishmaniasis; Sand fly; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2019000900603

Temperature, air pollution, and mortality from myocardial infarction in São Paulo, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Sharovsky,R.; César,L.A.M.; Ramires,J.A.F.
An increase in daily mortality from myocardial infarction has been observed in association with meteorological factors and air pollution in several cities in the world, mainly in the northern hemisphere. The objective of the present study was to analyze the independent effects of environmental variables on daily counts of death from myocardial infarction in a subtropical region in South America. We used the robust Poisson regression to investigate associations between weather (temperature, humidity and barometric pressure), air pollution (sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, and inhalable particulate), and the daily death counts attributed to myocardial infarction in the city of São Paulo in Brazil, where 12,007 fatal events were observed from 1996 to 1998....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Myocardial infarction; Mortality; Temperature; Atmospheric pressure; Air pollution.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2004001100009

Sleep habits and complaints of adults in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, in 1987 and 1995
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Pires,M.L.N.; Benedito-Silva,A.A.; Mello,M.T.; Del Giglio,S.; Pompeia,C.; Tufik,S.
This study compares the prevalence of complaints of insomnia, excessive diurnal sleepiness, parasomnias, and sleep habits of the adult population in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, estimated in surveys carried out in 1987 and 1995. Representative samples of 1000 adult residents per survey were interviewed using a validated structured sleep questionnaire, the "UNIFESP Sleep Questionnaire". Difficulty maintaining sleep, difficulty initiating sleep and early morning awakening, occurring at least three times a week, were reported in 1987 and 1995, by 15.8/27.6, 13.9/19.1, and 10.6/14.2% of the interviewees, respectively, significantly increasing throughout time. These sleep problems were more often found among women. Frequencies of excessive diurnal sleepiness...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Sleep; Sleep disorders; Insomnia; Diurnal sleepiness; Parasomnias; Epidemiology; Sleep habits.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2007001100011

Reproducibility of carotid ultrasound measurements in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) at baseline
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Santos-Neto,P.J.; Sena-Santos,E.H.; Meireles,D.P.; Santos,I.S.; Bensenor,I.M.; Lotufo,P.A.
Carotid artery assessment by ultrasound is a non-invasive evaluation of subclinical atherosclerosis and a predictor of cardiovascular events. However, ultrasound examinations are operator-dependent. In the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil), ultrasound images have been acquired from more than 10,000 participants. In this article, we describe the reproducibility of carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), carotid plaque detection, and carotid plaque score (defined as the number of arterial sites with plaques) using ELSA-Brasil protocol, in a subset of 118 participants. Two board-certified radiologists and a trained technician read carotid images. We calculated intra- and inter-observer intraclass correlation (ICC) for CIMT values. We...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Plaque; Intima-media; Epidemiology; Ultrasound; Imaging.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2019000800610

Implications of infectious diseases and the adrenal hypothesis for the etiology of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Azevedo-Silva,F.; Camargo,B.de; Pombo-de-Oliveira,M.S.
Acute leukemia is the most frequent cancer in children. Recently, a new hypothesis was proposed for the pathogenesis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The so-called "adrenal hypothesis" emphasized the role of endogenous cortisol in the etiology of B-cell precursor ALL. The incidence peak of ALL in children between 3 to 5 years of age has been well documented and is consistent with this view. The adrenal hypothesis proposes that the risk of childhood B-cell precursor ALL is reduced when early childhood infections induce qualitative and quantitative changes in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. It suggests that the increased plasma cortisol levels would be sufficient to eliminate all clonal leukemic cells originating during fetal life....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Lymphoblastic leukemia; Childhood infections; Epidemiology; Kala-azar; Adrenal hypothesis.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2010000300001

High sensitivity C-reactive protein distribution in the elderly: the Bambuí Cohort Study, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Assunção,L.G.S.; Eloi-Santos,S.M.; Peixoto,S.V.
The measurement of the serum concentration of the acute-phase reactant C-reactive protein (CRP) provides a useful marker in clinical practice. However, the distribution of CRP is not available for all age and population groups. This study assessed the distribution of high sensitivity-CRP (hs-CRP) by gender and age in 1470 elderly individuals from a Brazilian community that participates in the Bambuí Cohort Study. Blood samples were collected after 12 h of fasting and serum samples were stored at -70°C. Measurements were made with a commercial hs-CRP immunonephelometric instrument. More than 50% of the results were above 3.0 mg/L for both genders. Mean hs-CRP was higher in women (3.62 ± 2.58 mg/L) than in men (3.03 ± 2.50 mg/L). This difference was observed...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: C-reactive protein; Elderly; Epidemiology; Cardiovascular risk; Brazil.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2012001200025

Why are the rates of cesarean section in Brazil higher in more developed cities than in less developed ones?
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Ribeiro,V.S.; Figueiredo,F.P.; Silva,A.A.M.; Bettiol,H.; Batista,R.F.L.; Coimbra,L.C.; Lamy,Z.C.; Barbieri,M.A.
The objective of the present study was to investigate factors associated with cesarean sections in two cities located in different regions of Brazil and to determine factors that explain the higher cesarean section rate in the more developed city, Ribeirão Preto, compared to the less developed one, São Luís. Data from two cohort studies comprising 2846 women in Ribeirão Preto in 1994, and 2443 women in São Luís in 1997/1998 were used. Adjusted and non-adjusted risk estimates were calculated using a Poisson regression model. The cesarean section rate was 33.7% in São Luís and 50.8% in Ribeirão Preto. Adjusted analysis in a joint sequential model revealed a 51% higher risk of cesarean section in Ribeirão Preto compared to São Luís (prevalence rate ratio...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cesarean section; Epidemiology; Obstetrics; Health services; Risk factors.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2007000900008

Examining life-course influences on chronic disease: the importance of birth cohort studies from low- and middle- income countries. An overview
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Batty,G.D.; Alves,J.G.; Correia,J; Lawlor,D.A.
The objectives of this overview are to describe the past and potential contributions of birth cohorts to understanding chronic disease aetiology; advance a justification for the maintenance of birth cohorts from low- and middle-income countries (LMIC); provide an audit of birth cohorts from LMIC; and, finally, offer possible future directions for this sphere of research. While the contribution of birth cohorts from affluent societies to understanding disease aetiology has been considerable, we describe several reasons to anticipate why the results from such studies might not be directly applied to LMIC. More than any other developing country, Brazil has a tradition of establishing, maintaining and exploiting birth cohort studies. The clear need for a...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Birth cohort; Chronic disease; Developing country; Epidemiology; Life-course.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2007000900015

Epidemiology of recurrent venous thrombosis
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Ribeiro,D.D.; Lijfering,W.M.; Barreto,S.M.; Rosendaal,F.R.; Rezende,S.M.
Venous thrombosis, including deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, is a common disease that frequently recurs. Recurrence can be prevented by anticoagulants, but this comes at the risk of bleeding. Therefore, assessment of the risk of recurrence is important to balance the risks and benefits of anticoagulant treatment. This review briefly outlines what is currently known about the epidemiology of recurrent venous thrombosis, and focuses in more detail on potential new risk factors for venous recurrence. The general implications of these findings in patient management are discussed.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Recurrent venous thrombosis; Epidemiology; Risk factors.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2012000100001

Examining life-course influences on chronic disease: the Ribeirão Preto and São Luís birth cohort studies (Brazil)
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Batty,G.D.
More than any other low- and middle-income country, Brazil has the longest research tradition of establishing, maintaining and exploiting birth cohort studies. This research pedigree is highlighted in the present issue of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, which contains a series of twelve papers from the Ribeirão Preto and São Luis birth cohort studies from the Southeast and Northeast of Brazil, respectively. The topics covered in this raft of reports vary and include predictors of perinatal health and maternal risk factors, early life determinants of cardiovascular risk factors in childhood and adolescence, use of health services, and a description of dietary characteristics of young adults, amongst other topics. There is also a...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Birth cohort; Chronic disease; Developing country; Epidemiology; Life-course.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2007000900001

Acute leukemias in Piauí: comparison with features observed in other regions of Brazil
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Rego,M.F.N.; Pinheiro,G.S.; Metze,K.; Lorand-Metze,I.
Differences in age and sex distribution as well as FAB (French-American-British classification) types have been reported for acute leukemias in several countries. We studied the demographics and response to treatment of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) between 1989 and 2000 in Teresina, Piauí, and compared these results with reports from Brazil and other countries. Complete data concerning 345 patients (230 ALL, 115 AML) were reviewed. AML occurred predominantly in adults (77%), with a median age of 34 years, similar to that found in the southeast of Brazil but lower than the median age in the United States and Europe (52 years). FAB distribution was similar in children and adults and FAB-M2 was the most...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia; Acute myeloid leukemia; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2003000300007

Overview of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in regards to the Brazilian epidemic
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Slavov,S.N.; Otaguiri,K.K.; Kashima,S.; Covas,D.T.
Zika virus (ZIKV), a mosquito-borne flavivirus, belongs to the Flaviviridae family, genus Flavivirus. ZIKV was initially isolated in 1947 from a sentinel monkey in the Zika forest, Uganda. Little clinical importance was attributed to ZIKV, once only few symptomatic cases were reported in some African and Southeast Asiatic countries. This situation changed in 2007, when a large outbreak was registered on the Yap Island, Micronesia, caused by the Asian ZIKV lineage. Between 2013 and 2014, ZIKV spread explosively and caused many outbreaks in different islands of the Southern Pacific Ocean and in 2015 autochthonous transmission was reported in Brazil. Currently, Brazil is the country with the highest number of ZIKV-positive cases in Latin America. Moreover,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Zika virus; ZIKV; Transmission; Epidemiology; Congenital infection; Brazil.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2016000500201

Epidemiological and functional implications of molecular variants of human papillomavirus
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Sichero,L.; Villa,L.L.
Human papillomavirus genomes are classified into molecular variants when they present more than 98% of similarity to the prototype sequence within the L1 gene. Comparative nucleotide sequence analyses of these viruses have elucidated some features of their phylogenetic relationship. In addition, human papillomavirus intratype variability has also been used as an important tool in epidemiological studies of viral transmission, persistence and progression to clinically relevant cervical lesions. Until the present, little has been published concerning the functional significance of molecular variants. It has been shown that nucleotide variability within the long control region leads to differences in the binding affinity of some cellular transcriptional...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Human papillomavirus; DNA sequencing; Oncogenic potential; Cervical cancer; Immunity; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2006000600002

Etiology of diarrheal infections in children of Porto Velho (Rondonia, Western Amazon region, Brazil)
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Orlandi,P.P.; Magalhães,G.F.; Matos,N.B.; Silva,T.; Penatti,M.; Nogueira,P.A.; Pereira da Silva,L.H.
In the present study, 470 children less than 72 months of age and presenting acute diarrhea were examined to identify associated enteropathogenic agents. Viruses were the pathogens most frequently found in stools of infants with diarrhea, including 111 cases of rotavirus (23.6% of the total diarrhea cases) and 30 cases of adenovirus (6.3%). The second group was diarrheogenic Escherichia coli (86 cases, 18.2%), followed by Salmonella sp (44 cases, 9.3%) and Shigella sp (24 cases, 5.1%). Using the PCR technique to differentiate the pathogenic categories of E. coli, it was possible to identify 29 cases (6.1%) of enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC). Of these, 10 (2.1%) were typical EPEC and 19 (4.0%) atypical EPEC. In addition, there were 26 cases (5.5%) of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Diarrheal disease; Enteropathogens; Escherichia coli; Epidemiology; Western Amazon.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2006000400011

Bone mineral density in Brazilian men 50 years and older
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Zerbini,C.A.F.; Latorre,M.R.O.; Jaime,P.C.; Tanaka,T.; Pippa,M.G.B.
Bone mineral density (BMD) in the lumbar spine (LSBMD), femoral neck (FNBMD) and whole body (WBBMD) and whole body tissue composition were evaluated in 288 Brazilian men 50 years and older, 80% white and 20% Mulattoes. Age was inversely correlated with WBBMD (r = -0.20) and FNBMD (r = -0.21) but not with LSBMD (r = 0.03). Body mass index and weight showed a strong positive correlation with WBBMD (r = 0.48 and 0.54), LSBMD (r = 0.37 and 0.45) and FNBMD (r = 0.42 and 0.48). Correlation with height was positive but weaker. No significant bone loss at the lumbar spine level was observed as the population aged. FNBMD and WBBMD decreased significantly only in the last decade (age 70-79) studied. BMD was higher for Brazilian men as compared to Brazilian women at...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bone mineral density; Osteoporosis; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2000001200005

A pilot study on the identification of human papillomavirus genotypes in tongue cancer samples from a single institution in Ecuador
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Delgado Ramos,G.M.; Cotter,T.G.; Flor Ramos,L.; Torres Floril,V.; Ramos Martinez,G.A.; Ruiz-Cabezas,J.C.
The relationship between human papillomavirus (HPV) and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma has been established. However, data from Ecuador is limited. The objective of this study was to characterize HPV infection in Ecuadorian patients with tongue cancer. Fifty-three patients with tongue cancer treated at the tertiary referral center Sociedad de Lucha Contra el Cancer (SOLCA), Guayaquil, between 2006 and 2011 were identified. Linear Array® HPV genotyping was used to identify the presence and types of HPV on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded biopsy samples from these patients with tongue cancer. HPV was identified in 42% (n=22) and high-risk (HR) HPV in 17% (n=9), with 18 different HPV types identified. The most common types were the HR HPV 33 (14%) and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Human papillomavirus; Oropharyngeal; Oral; Ecuador; Head and neck cancer; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2018001100609

Prevalence of peripheral arterial occlusive disease in patients referred to a tertiary care hospital in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, for coronary angiography
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Nunes,J.L.B.; Silvany-Neto,A.; Pitta,G.B.B.; Figueiredo,L.F.P.; Oliveira,I.; Quadros,R.; Miranda-Junior,F.
The presence of peripheral arterial occlusive disease increases the morbidity and mortality of patients with coronary artery disease. The objective of the present study was to calculate the prevalence of peripheral arterial occlusive disease in patients referred for coronary angiography. This prevalence study was carried out at the Hemodynamics Unit of Hospital Santa Isabel, Salvador, Brazil, from December 2004 to April 2005. After approval by the Ethics Committee of the hospital, 397 patients with angiographic signs of coronary artery disease were enrolled. Diagnosis of peripheral arterial occlusive disease was made using the ankle-brachial blood pressure index (£0.90). Statistical analyses were performed using the z test and a level of significance of a...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Peripheral vascular diseases; Coronary atherosclerosis; Prevalence; Epidemiology; Ultrasound; Coronary angiography.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2008000300005

Arcobacter butzleri: first isolation report from chicken carcasses in costa rica
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Arias,Maria Laura; Cid,Adriana; Fernandéz,Heriberto.
Arcobacter butzleri isolation from chicken carcasses in Costa Rica is reported for the first time. The isolated strains (P and R) were presumptively identified by their phenotypic characteristics. Definitive identification was made using a multiplex PCR assay for the simultaneous detection and identification of Arcobacter butzleri, Arcobacter cryaerophilus and Arcobacter skirrowii. These first isolations indicate the necessity of further investigation about the prevalence, distribution, ecology and interactions with human beings of this and other Arcobacter species.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Arcobacter butzleri; Chicken carcasses; Isolation; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822011000200035

Molecular characterization of Rhodococcus equi isolates of horse breeding farms from an endemic region in South of Brazil by multiplex PCR
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Krewer,Cristina da Costa; Spricigo,Dênis Augusto; Botton,Sônia de Avila; Costa,Mateus Matiuzzi da; Schrank,Irene; Vargas,Agueda Castagna de.
Rhodococcus equi is a gram-positive coco-bacillus and an intracellular opportunistic pathogen which causes pneumonia in foals. It is widely detected in environment and has been isolated from several sources, as soil, feces and gut from health and sick foals. The goal of this study was to characterize the epidemiological status (endemic, sporadic or no infection) of horse breeding farms from Bage County in South of Brazil, using a multiplex PCR. One hundred and eighteen R. equi isolates were identified by biochemical tests and submitted to a specie-specific and vapA multiplex PCR. These isolates were obtained from: three farms where the R. equi infection has been noticed, two farms where the disease has been not reported and one farm where the disease is...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Rhodococcus equi; Multiplex PCR; Bronchopneumonia; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822008000100036

Glanders in donkeys (Equus asinus) in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil: a case report
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Mota,Rinaldo Aparecido; Oliveira,Andréa Alice da Fonseca; Pinheiro Junior,José Wilton; Silva,Leonildo Bento Galiza da; Brito,Marilene de Farias; Rabelo,Silvana Suely Assis.
The clinical, anatomical and histopatological findings of glanders diagnosis in donkeys in the state of Pernambuco-Brazil are reported. The animals were euthanized and necropsied, and evaluated for lesions in respiratory and lymphatic systems, confirming the disease by isolation of Burkholderia mallei and Strauss test.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Burkholderia mallei; Epidemiology; Microbiology; Histopathology; Strauss test.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822010000100021

Paracoccidioidomycosis in southern Rio Grande do Sul: a retrospective study of histopathologically diagnosed cases
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Souza,Silvana Pereira de; Jorge,Valéria Magalhães; Orzechowski Xavier,Melissa.
Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic mycosis caused by the fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and is endemic to Brazil. The aim of this study was to perform a retrospective analysis of the PCM cases in the countryside south of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The files from four histopathology laboratories located in the city of Pelotas were obtained, and all of the epidemiological and clinical data from the PCM diagnosed cases were collected for analysis. A total of 123 PCM cases diagnosed between 1966 and 2009 were selected. Of these patients, 104 (84.5%) were male, and 17 were female. The patients ranged from 02 to 92 years of age. Fifty-two cases (41.9%) were obtained from the oral pathology laboratory, and the remaining 71 cases (58.1%) were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Paracoccidioides brasiliensis; Epidemiology; Systemic mycosis.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822014000100035

Human papillomavirus infection in women attended at a cervical cancer screening service in Natal, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Fernandes,Thales Allyrio Araújo de Medeiros; Meissner,Rosely de Vasconcellos; Bezerra,Laelson Freire; Azevedo,Paulo Roberto Medeiros de; Fernandes,José Veríssimo.
We analyzed cervical specimens of 202 women, aged 15 to 64 years, attended at Luis Antonio Hospital, Natal, Brazil, to determine the prevalence of HPV and identify the more frequent genotypes and risk factors for HPV infection in women attended at a cervical cancer screening service. Two specimens were collected from each patient: one for cytological examination and the other to detect HPV DNA by PCR, and typing by dot blot hybridization. A total of 54.5% of the sample had normal cytology and 45.5% had cytological alterations. HPV was detected in 24.5% of the cytologically normal women and in 59.8% of those with altered cytology. Both single and double HPV infection increased the likelihood of cytological alterations. Thirteen types of HPV were identified,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Human papillomavirus; Cervical cancer; Epidemiology; Prevalence; Risk factors.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822008000300031

Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in non-outbreak skin infections
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Bonesso,Mariana Fávero; Marques,Silvio Alencar; Camargo,Carlos Henrique; Fortaleza,Carlos Magno Castelo Branco; Cunha,Maria de Lourdes Ribeiro de Souza da.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus and risk factors for the acquisition of MRSA (Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus) as the main cause of skin and soft tissue infections. S. aureus were characterized for the presence of PVL, TSST-1 and mecA genes. SCCmec typing was carried out in mecA positive strains and PFGE was performed only in these strains. During the study period, 127 outpatients attending a dermatology clinical the Botucatu Medical School, a regional tertiary hospital in Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil, were diagnosed with active skin infections. A total 66 (56.9%) S. aureus strains were isolated. The methicillin resistance gene mecA was detected in seven (10.6%) S. aureus strains. The SCCmec types...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Staphylococcus aureus; Resistance; Skin infections; Virulence; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822014000400034

Occurrence of serological reactions for serogroup Sejroe (CTG and Prajtino) in female buffalo in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Oliveira,Pollyanne Raysa Fernandes de; Soares,Larice Bruna Ferreira; Borges,Jonas de Melo; Barrosa,Noelle de Castro; Langoni,Hélio; Brandespim,Daniel Friguglietti; Pinheiro Junior,José Wilton; Mota,Rinaldo Aparecido.
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies in female buffalo in the state of Pernambuco. A total of 123 female buffalo blood samples were collected from five properties distributed in the state of Pernambuco. The microscopic agglutination test was used to study anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies. The occurrence of anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies was 28.5% (35/123; CI 20.7–37.3%) and on different properties, the occurrence ranged from 28.6% to 80.0%, with 100% of the properties showing animals with positive results. The serovars of the serogroup Sejroe with a higher incidence were Hardjoprajtino (CTG strain, 49.1%) and Hardjo (Prajtino genotype, 43.2%), followed by serogroup Grippotyphosa with the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Leptospirosis; Epidemiology; Bubalusbubalis.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822018000400795

Molecular epidemiology of Shigella spp strains isolated in two different metropolitam areas of southeast Brazil
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Angelini,Michelle; Stehling,Eliana Guedes; Moretti,Maria Luiza; Silveira,Wanderley Dias da.
Shigella spp., the human pathogen responsible for shigellosis, is highly infectious even at low levels. The incidence rate of shigellosis varies with geographical distribution, location human development index, and age groups, being higher among children aged under 5 years. In Brazil, a few works indicate that shigellosis cases are underestimated, with S. flexneri and S. sonnei strains being the major agents responsible for the shigellosis cases. The present study used pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) to investigate the molecular epidemiology of 119 strains of S. sonnei and S. flexneri isolated from shigellosis cases that occurred in the metropolitan areas of Ribeirão Preto and Campinas Cities, São Paulo Sate, southeast Brazil. The results indicated...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Shigella sonnei; Shigella flexneri; Epidemiology; Characterization; PFGE.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822009000300034

Study of multi-drug resistant microorganisms isolated from blood cultures of hospitalized newborns in Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Loureiro,Marcio M.; Moraes,Bianca A. de; Quadra,Maria R.R.; Pinheiro,Glenda S.; Asensi,Marise D.
The aims of this study were to determine the frequency and antimicrobial resistance patterns of microorganisms associated with sepsis cases in a public maternity hospital, and to analyze the main demographic data relating to these infected neonates over a two year period. We analyzed 255 positive blood cultures and the medical records of newborns admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of the Hospital Maternidade Alexander Fleming II, Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil, from July 1997 to July 1999. Identification and antibiograms of the isolated strains were performed according to routine laboratory procedures. Demographics and microbiological data were analyzed using the Epi-Info program. The mean age of the newborns was 13.1 days, with an average of 1.2...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Newborns; Hospital infection; Sepsis; Antimicrobial resistance.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822002000100015

Human leptospirosis: occurrence of serovars of Leptospira spp. in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, from 2008 to 2012
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Oliveira,Marluce Aparecida Assunção; Leal,Élida Aparecida; Correia,Max Assunção; Serufo Filho,José Carlos; Dias,Ricardo Souza; Serufo,José Carlos.
Abstract  Background: Leptospirosis is an infectious and acute disease caused by Leptospira spp. that have high epidemic potential. This study verified the main Leptospira spp. serovars detected by MAT from serum of patients with suspicion of leptospirosis from 2008 to 2012 in Minas Gerais State.  Methods: The laboratory received sera from 4654 patients. All serum were screened by IgM-ELISA according to the manufacturer's instructions. Each sample reactive or indeterminate were tested against twenty-four serovars of Leptospira by MAT.  Results: In this study, 597 patients were classified as reactive on MAT. Only 301 patients were confirmed by laboratory test. It was not possible confirmation by laboratory diagnosis of 296 patients. Among the samples...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Leptospira; Serovar; Seroprevalence; Epidemiology; MAT.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822017000300483

Trichosporon species isolated from the perigenital region, urine and catheters of a Brazilian population
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Silvestre Junior,Agenor Messias; Miranda,Mauricio Alexandre Bandeira Rampazzo; Camargo,Zoilo Pires de.
The present study aimed to 1) determine the colonization rates of medically important Trichosporon species on normal perigenital skin and 2) determine the isolation rates of Trichosporon spp. isolated from the urine and catheters of Brazilian patients hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). The overall colonization rate of Trichosporon spp. was 11.15% (112 isolates). The most common species isolated from normal perigenital skin was T. cutaneum (29.46%), followed by T. asteroides (20.53%), T. ovoides (15.17%), T. inkin (10.71%), T. mucoides (8.92%), and T. asahii (6.25%). From urine and catheters, T. asahii was the species most commonly isolated (76.5%; n =23), followed by T. inkin (16.6%; n = 5) and T. asteroides (6.6%; n = 2). In addition, the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Trichosporon spp.; Epidemiology; Perigenital skin; Superficial mycosis.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822010000300013

Paralytic rabies in swine
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Pessoa,Clarice Ricardo de Macedo; Silva,Maria Luana Cristiny Rodrigues; Gomes,Albério Antônio de Barros; Garcia,Andrea Isabel Estévez; Ito,Fumio Honma; Brandão,Paulo Eduardo; Riet-Correa,Franklin.
Rabies transmitted by vampire bats was diagnosed in pigs with paralysis of the pelvic limbs. Diffuse nonsuppurative encephalomyelitis, affecting mainly the spinal cord, was observed histologically. Despite the various diagnosis of rabies in pigs this is the first report of clinical signs and pathology of rabies transmitted by vampire bats.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Vampire bats; Epidemiology; Virus isolation; Zoonotic.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822011000100038

Isolation and identification of feline calicivirus and feline herpesvirus in Southern Brazil
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Henzel,Andréia; Brum,Mário Celso Sperotto; Lautert,Cláudia; Martins,Mathias; Lovato,Luciane Teresinha; Weiblen,Rudi.
Feline calicivirus (FCV) and feline herpesvirus type 1 (FHV-1) are the two primary causes of upper respiratory tract disease in cats. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the distribution of FCV and FHV-1 among the feline population of several counties in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. To this end, conjunctival and nasal swabs were collected from 302 cats from different locations, including households, breeding catteries, veterinary clinics, animal hospitals and experimental research facilities. The samples were collected between July 2006 to June 2009. The virus isolation was performed in CRFK cells and, subsequently, the identification was confirmed by PCR. FCV, FHV-1, or both were isolated from 55 cats from 28 different locations. FCV alone was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: FCV; FHV-1; URTD; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822012000200017

Histopathological and molecular characterization of encephalitic listeriosis in small ruminants from northern Paraná, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Headley,Selwyn Arlington; Bodnar,Lívia; Fritzen,Juliana T.T.; Bronkhorst,Dalton Evert; Alfieri,Alice Fernandes; Okano,Werner; Alfieri,Amauri Alcindo.
Listeriosis is a disease primarily of ruminants caused by the Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes. Ruminants either demonstrate manifestations of the encephalitic, septicemic, or reproductive form of listeriosis. The pathological and molecular findings with encephalitic listeriosis in a 5.5-month-old, male, mixed-breed goat and a 3-year-old Texel-crossed sheep from northern Paraná, Brazil are described. Clinically, the kid demonstrated circling, lateral protrusion of the tongue, head tilt, and convulsions; the ewe presented ataxia, motor incoordination, and lateral decumbency. Brainstem dysfunctions were diagnosed clinically and listeriosis was suspected. Necropsy performed on both animals did not reveal remarkable gross lesions; significant...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Brainstem dysfunctions; Rhombencephalitis; Neuropathology; Listeriolysin gene; Epidemiology; Listeria monocytogenes.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822013000300036

Human papillomavirus infection in women from Tlaxcala, Mexico
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Velázquez-Márquez,Noé; Jiménez-Aranda,Lucio Jaime; Sánchez-Alonso,Patricia; Santos-López,Gerardo; Reyes-Leyva,Julio; Vallejo-Ruiz,Verónica.
Cervical cancer is an important health problem in women living in developing countries. Infection with some genotypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most important risk factor associated with cervical cancer. Little information exists about HPV genotype distribution in rural and suburban regions of Mexico. Thus, we determined the prevalence of HPV genotypes in women from Tlaxcala, one of the poorest states in central Mexico, and we evaluated age infection prevalence and risk factors associated with cervical neoplasm. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 236 women seeking gynecological care at the Mexican Institute for Social Security in Tlaxcala, Mexico. Cervical scrapings were diagnosed as normal, low-grade, and high-grade squamous...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Human papillomavirus; Mexico; PCR; Squamous intraepithelial lesions.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822010000300027

Human coronavirus ocurrence in different populations of Sao Paulo: a comprehensive nine-year study using a pancoronavirus RT-PCR assay
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Cabeça,Tatiane K.; Passos,Ana Maria; Granato,Celso; Bellei,Nancy.
Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) are considered one of the most common respiratory viruses associated with respiratory tract illnesses. An emergent human coronavirus was identified as the causal agent of an epidemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) during 2002-2003. The severity of the disease combined with its rapid spread requires the continuous surveillance of coronaviruses in worldwide populations. Epidemiological and clinical data of HCoVs infectious in the Brazilian population are scarce and restricted to one or two groups of patients. Our study aimed to investigate retrospectively the presence of HCoVs in different populations of São Paulo presenting acute respiratory tract infections (ARIs) during the years of 2001-2010. A pancoronavirus...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Human coronaviruses; Epidemiology; Respiratory tract illness; Pancoronavirus RT-PCR.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822013000100049

Viral Hepatitis C in a leading Brazilian hospital: epidemiological factors and genotyping
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Bezerra,Cristianne S.; Lima,José M.C.; Vilar,Janaina L.; Moreira,José L.B.; Frota,Cristiane C.
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) is classified into six different genotypes and their distribution is different throughout the world. Epidemiologic studies are important to determine several characteristics of the virus, as well as the disease. This study analysed the prevalence of HCV and its genotypes among patients from a leading hospital in Ceará, which is located in Northeast Brazil. A total of 119 anti-HCV-seropositive patients, each having previously completed a questionnaire about risk behaviours related to HCV infection were tested for HCV infection using a qualitative HCV polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay and genotyping by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). The detection was based on amplifying of the non-coding 5' region. Of the 119...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Hepatitis C virus; Genotypes; Epidemiology; Northeast Brazil; Viral hepatitis.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822007000400014

Multiresistance and endemic status of acinetobacter baumannii associated with nosocomial infections in a tunisian hospital: a critical situation in the intensive care units
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Ben Othman,A.; Zribi,M.; Masmoudi,A.; Abdellatif,S.; Ben Lakhal,S.; Fendri,C.
Acinetobacter baumannii is often implicated in hospital outbreaks in Tunisia. It's a significant opportunistic pathogen associated with serious underlying diseases such as pneumoniae, meningitis and urinary tract infections. The aim of our study was to evaluate its degree of endemicity and its antibiotic resistance evolution essentially in the unit care where its isolation was predominant (57%). This study used 3 methods: antibiotyping, RAPD using 2 primers VIL 1, VIL5 and PFGE with ApaI restriction enzyme. The presence of integron1 and 2 was also studied. Antibiotyping showed that 92% of patients were resistant of all ß- lactams (except Imipenem) and that the resistance to Imipenem occurred in 47% of cases. RAPD profiles obtained with the 2 arbitrarily...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: A. baumannii; Epidemiology; Antibiotic resistance; RAPD; PFGE.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822011000200001

Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Gomes,Tânia A.T.; Elias,Waldir P.; Scaletsky,Isabel C.A.; Guth,Beatriz E.C.; Rodrigues,Juliana F.; Piazza,Roxane M.F.; Ferreira,Luís C.S.; Martinez,Marina B.
ABSTRACT Most Escherichia coli strains live harmlessly in the intestines and rarely cause disease in healthy individuals. Nonetheless, a number of pathogenic strains can cause diarrhea or extraintestinal diseases both in healthy and immunocompromised individuals. Diarrheal illnesses are a severe public health problem and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in infants and young children, especially in developing countries. E. coli strains that cause diarrhea have evolved by acquiring, through horizontal gene transfer, a particular set of characteristics that have successfully persisted in the host. According to the group of virulence determinants acquired, specific combinations were formed determining the currently known E. coli pathotypes, which are...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Escherichia coli; Diarrhea; Pathogenic mechanisms; Virulence factor; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822016000500003

Campylobacter sp in eggs from cloacal swab positive breeder hens
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Fonseca,Belchiolina Beatriz; Soncini,Ricardo Alfredo; Gimarães,Adelia Rodrigues; Rossi,Daise Aparecida.
Campylobacter sp is a microaerophilic, thermotolerating Gram negative bacterium, known to be one of the main causes of food-borne human infections. Among the foods that carry these microorganisms, the chicken is outstanding. In Brazil, a large chicken exporting country, few researches are conducted about their prevalence in breeder hens and the transmission through eggs. The aim of this research was to verify the presence of Campylobacter sp in the shells and within the eggs from positive cloacal swab breeder hens. Microbiological analyses were made on cloacal swabs of 140 weighed breeder hens. The positive breeder hens were set aside and in a total of 244 of their eggs, Campylobacter sp was present in macerated shells and yolk contents during 7 weeks. Out...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Campylobacter; Eggs; Chicken; Vertical transmission; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822006000400032

Characterization of Vibrio cholerae isolates from 1976 to 2013 in Shandong Province, China
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Lü,Hui; Yuan,Yuqi; Sun,Na; Bi,Zhenwang; Guan,Bing; Shao,Kun; Wang,Tongzhan; Bi,Zhenqiang.
Abstract Cholera continues to be a serious public health issue in developing countries. We analyzed the epidemiological data of cholera from 1976 to 2013 in Shandong Province, an eastern coastal area of China. A total of 250 Vibrio cholerae isolates were selected for PCR analysis of virulence genes and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). The analysis of the virulence genes showed that the positive rates for tcpA and tcpI were the highest among strains from the southwest region, which had the highest incidence rate of cholera. Low positive rates for tcpA, tcpI and ctxAB among isolates from after 2000 may be an influencing factor contributing to the contemporary decline in cholera incidence rates. Spatiotemporal serotype shifts (Ogawa, Inaba, Ogawa,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Vibrio cholerae; Epidemiology; PFGE; Virulence genes.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822017000100173

Epidemiologically relevant antimicrobial resistance phenotypes in pathogens isolated from critically ill patients in a Brazilian Universitary Hospital
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Carvalho,Rodolfo Henriques de; Gontijo Filho,Paulo P.
Antimicrobial resistance is a threat to public health worldwide and is associated with higher mortality and morbidity. Despite the extensive knowledge about this problem, drug resistance has continued to emerge, especially in intensive care units (ICUs). The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequencies of epidemiologically relevant resistance phenotypes in pathogens isolated from ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), bloodstream infections (BSI) and urinary tract infections (UTI) in patients admitted in the adult intensive care unit (AICU) of the Clinical Hospital of Federal University of Uberlândia, during an one year period. Additionally, at the period of the study, the antibiotic consumption in AICU was verified. Coagulase-negative...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Nosocomial infection; Epidemiology; Multiresistant microorganisms.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822008000400005

Aflatoxin M1 in the urine of non-carriers and chronic carriers of hepatitis B virus in Maringa, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 60
Autores: Giolo,Marcel Padovani; Oliveira,Christiane Minervino de; Bertolini,Dennis Armando; Lonardoni,Maria Valdrinez Campana; Gouveia,Matheus Sampaio; Netto,Daisy Pontes; Nixdorf,Suzana Lucy; Machinski Junior,Miguel.
Exposure to aflatoxins (AFs) in the diet may favour the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the acute exacerbation of hepatitis in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers. Measurement of biomarkers such as aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), a metabolite of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), in urine allows for the assessment of populations exposed to aflatoxins. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of aflatoxin M1 in the urine of HBV carrier and non-carrier patients. One group included 43 randomly selected HBV carriers treated at two hospitals in the city of Maringa, Brazil, from March to June 2008. Control group consisted of 29 healthy adult volunteers with anti-HBs positive and HBsAg negative test results. Detection of AFM1 was performed by...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Aflatoxins; Biomarkers; Hepatitis B; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Urina/análise toxicológica; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502012000300011

Molecular characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis isolates by Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus-PCR
Provedor de dados: 60
Autores: Caleffi-Ferracioli,Katiany Rizzieri; Baldin,Vanessa Pietrowski; Noguti,Érika Noda; Siqueira,Vera Lucia Dias; Scodro,Regiane Bertin Lima; Pavan,Fernando Rogério; Hirata,Mario Hiroyuki; Cardoso,Rosilene Fressatti.
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease in which the molecular typing methods allow to have important information about the dynamics of transmission and to assist properly in disease control. Although the ERIC-PCR (Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-PCR) assay is fast and easy to perform, scarce studies have reported its use in epidemiological studies in TB outbreaks. In this study, we aimed to genotype Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. bovis isolates by ERIC-PCR and compare its discriminatory power with two other classically used methods: 12 loci-MIRU (Mycobacterial Interspersed Repetitive Units) and Spoligotyping. The M. tuberculosis isolates studied were from northwestern and southwestern and M. bovis from northwestern Parana, Brazil....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Tuberculosis; Molecular characterization; ERIC-PCR; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502018000300616

Over-summering of wheat stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici) in the California Central valley: A case study
Provedor de dados: 117
Autores: Tollenaar,Huib.
To study the over-summering of wheat stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici) in the California Central Valley (CCV), temperature records from various locations in the CCV during the period 1950-2009 were examined for the occurrence of lethal maximum temperatures for the uredinia and uredinio-mycelium of this fungus. The lethal upper threshold temperature for the uredinial stage of P.s. tritici, estimated to be 40.5 °C on the basis of data published elsewhere, and the sum, accumulated during ten consecutive days, of the respective lethal temperature quotients (ALTQio), accounting for the partial lethal effect of the daily ambient temperatures between 30 and 40.5 °C on the uredinial stage of P.s. tritici, were used as yardsticks for thermal...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Yellow rust; Epidemiology; Lethal temperature; Triticum aestivum.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392012000400005

Gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea limits grape production in Chile
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Latorre,Bernardo A; Elfar,Karina; Ferrada,Enrique E.
Gray mold (GM) caused by Botrytis cinerea is a major disease of grapes (Vitis vinifera) that substantially reduces the yield and quality of grape production in temperate and humid regions of the world. B. cinerea is a necrotrophic fungus that attacks the non-lignified aerial organs of grapes; in particular, berries are highly susceptible during ripening. The polycyclic nature and exponential progress exhibited by GM at the beginning of the its epidemic, as well as the abundant inoculum production, the high dissemination efficiency, the wide host range and the high genetic variability of B. cinerea, explain the difficulties encountered in attempting to control GM. At present, integrated disease management, including cultural and chemical control, is the...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Botryotinia fuckeliana; Bunch rot; Epidemiology; Fungicides; Necrotroph; Vitis vinifera.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202015000300001

Detection and epidemiological progress of quiescent avocado diseases
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Fischer,Ivan Herman; Moraes,Matheus Froes de; Firmino,Ana Carolina; Amorim,Lilian.
ABSTRACT: One of the major problems in the commercialization of avocados is the incidence of postharvest diseases, especially anthracnose (Colletotrichum spp.) and stem-end rot (Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Fusicoccum aesculi and Neofusicoccum spp.). As there is a lack of epidemiological information on these pathosystems, the objective of this study was to establish a method to detect quiescent infections and characterize their temporal progression and spatial pattern in a commercial orchard. Detection of quiescent infections was evaluated in flowers and fruits that were immature and in commercial harvest stage, treated with paraquat, ethrel or water. Treatment of flowers and immature fruits with paraquat led to rapid detection of Colletotrichum spp. In two...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Persea americana; Postharvest rot; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782019000800151

Comparative analysis of Monilinia fructicola and M. laxa isolates from Brazil: monocyclic components of peach brown rot
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Angeli,Sthela Siqueira; Mio,Louise Larissa May De; Amorim,Lilian.
ABSTRACT: Brown rot is the most important disease of peaches in Brazil. The objective of this study was to compare the brown rot monocyclic components from Monilinia fructicola and M. laxa isolates from Brazil on peaches, due to the detection of M. laxa in the São Paulo production area. Conidia germination and pathogen sporulation were assessed in vitro under a temperature range of 5-35oC and wetness duration of 6-48h. Incubation and latent periods, disease incidence, disease severity and pathogen reproduction on peach fruit were evaluated under 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30oC and wetness duration of 6, 12 and 24h. Six of seven parameters of a generalised beta function fitted to conidia germination of M. fructicola and M. laxa were similar. Only the shape...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Prunus Monilia; Disease monocycle.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782017000600151

Epidemiology of domestic cat behavioral problems in the city of Porto Alegre/Brazil: a survey of small animal veterinary practitioners
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Albuquerque,Nathalia Saraiva de; Soares,Guilherme Marques.
ABSTRACT:  The popularity of cats as a companion animal has been growing. Additionally, there is also an increase in the number of complaints regarding behavioral problems associated with the species. Behavioral problems interfere with the animal welfare and quality of people’s lives that are living with them, and are one of the main reasons for abandonment and euthanasia in some countries. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of behavioral problems among cats with the help of veterinary practitioners in the city of Porto Alegre/Brazil. This evaluation was performed through a questionnaire in veterinary clinics and hospitals of small animals, which was answered by veterinarians responsible for clinical care. The study showed that most...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Epidemiology; Animal welfare; Animal behavior; Behavior problems; Cats.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782019001000602

A diagramatic scale to quantify severity of antracnose in Rubus glaucus Benth
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Patiño,Paula Andrea González; Álvarez,Gloria Edith Guerrero; Valencia,Liliana Isaza.
ABSTRACT:  Rubus glaucus Benth, commonly referred to as mora de Castilla, is affected by Colletotrichum acutatum, as it induces anthracnose in many of the plant organs. Generally, it affects the fruits during the post-harvest phase and damages them, causing economic losses due to the poor crop quality. At present, no standardized methods are available for this pathosystem that can be used to characterize quantitatively the epidemic and to permit the prediction and comparison of the disease management techniques. In this research, we proposed a logarithmic diagrammatic scale of the severity of anthracnose induced by C. acutatum in the fruits of the thornless variety of R. glaucus Benth. This scale is constructed on the adjustment of the Weber-Fechner law...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Colletotrichum acutatum; Epidemiology; Pathometry; Phytopathometry; Rubus glaucus Benth.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782019000400150

Spatial clustering analysis of the foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks in Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil - 2005
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Negreiros,Rísia Lopes; Amaku,Marcos; Dias,Ricardo Augusto; Ferreira,Fernando; Cavalléro,João Crisostomo Mauad; Ferreira Neto,José Soares.
In the southern region of Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil, a foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) epidemic started in September 2005. A total of 33 outbreaks were detected and 33,741 FMD-susceptible animals were slaughtered and destroyed. There were no reports of FMD cases in other species than bovines. Based on the data of this epidemic, it was carried out an analysis using the K-function and it was observed spatial clustering of outbreaks within a range of 25km. This observation may be related to the dynamics of foot-and-mouth disease spread and to the measures undertaken to control the disease dissemination. The control measures were effective once the disease did not spread to farms more than 47 km apart from the initial outbreaks.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Foot-and-mouth disease; Spatial clustering analysis; Cattle; Epidemiology; Brazil.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782009000900035

Serology for brucellosis in free-ranging crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous) and brown-nosed coatis (Nasua nasua) from Brazilian Pantanal
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Dorneles,Elaine Maria Seles; Pellegrin,Aiesca Oliveira; Péres,Igor Alexandre Hany Fuzeta Schabib; Mathias,Luis Antônio; Mourão,Guilherme; Bianchi,Rita de Cassia; Olifiers,Natalie; Rocha,Fabiana Lopes; Lage,Andrey Pereira.
A serological survey in free-ranging crab-eating foxes (Canidae: Cerdocyon thous) and brown-nosed coatis (Procyonidae: Nasua nasua) was performed in the Nhecolândia sub-region of the Brazilian Pantanal to evaluate the presence of anti-smooth Brucella antibodies on those wild populations. The detection of anti-smooth Brucella antibodies was performed by the Rose Bengal Test (RBT) as screening test and the Fluorescence Polarization Assay (FPA) as a confirmatory test. The frequency of smooth Brucella seropositive animals were 13.2% (5/38, 95% CI: 4.4% - 28.1%) for crab-eating foxes and 8.8% (3/34, 95% CI: 1.9% -23.7%) for brown-nosed coatis. No association was found between seropositivity for brucellosis and gender or age. The results of this study suggest...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report
Palavras-chave: Brazil; Brucella; Pantanal; Cerdocyon thous; Nasua nasua; Reservoirs; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782014001202193

Occurrence of feline immunodeficiency virus infection in cats
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Lara,Valéria Maria; Taniwaki,Sueli Akemi; Araújo Júnior,João Pessoa.
The occurrence of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) in Brazil has been previously described. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of FIV infection in 454 blood samples from healthy and sick domestic cats from 13 cities of São Paulo State, Brazil as well as to evaluate the risk factors associated with the infection. The results showed that 14.7% (67/454) of the cats were infected with FIV. The clinical evaluation showed that 29.2% of the FIV-positive animals were sick, while 7.3% did not show any type of clinical manifestation. In addition, the vast majority (23.1%) of positive cases corresponded to free-roaming owned cats. The incidence of FIV infection was higher in males (20.3%) than in females (9.7%). The results suggest that certain...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Feline immunodeficiency virus; Epidemiology; Cats; FIV; Risk factors.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782008000800024

Guinea pigs experimentally infected with vaccinia virus replicate and shed, but do not transmit the virus
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Cargnelutti,Juliana Felipetto; Wendlant,Adriéli; Weiblen,Rudi; Flores,Eduardo Furtado.
The origin of vaccinia viruses (VACV) associated with vesicular disease in cattle and humans in Southeast Brazil remains uncertain, yet the role of wild species in virus transmission has been suggested. This study investigated the susceptibility and transmission potential by guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) - phylogenetically close to an abundant Brazilian rodent (Cavia aperea) - to two VACV strains (P1V and P2V) isolated from an outbreak of cutaneous disease in horses in Southern Brazil. Eight guinea pigs inoculated intranasally with P1V and P2V (10(6) TCID50.ml-1) did not develop clinical signs, but six animals shed virus in nasal secretions (day 1 to 9 post-inoculation - pi), developed viremia (between days 1 and 10 pi) and seroconverted to VACV. In spite...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report
Palavras-chave: Cavia porcellus; Cavia aperea; Orthopoxvirus; Transmission; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782012000600017

Epidemiology of Mycoplasma agalactiae and Mycoplasma mycoides cluster in flocks of northeastern Brazil
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Santos,Sandra Batista dos; Melo,Renata Pimentel Bandeira de; Silva,Luana Thamires Rapôso da; Oliveira,Júnior Mário Baltazar de; Abad,Atzel Candido Acosta; Pinheiro Júnior,José Wilton; Mota,Rinaldo Aparecido.
ABSTRACT: The present study aimed to investigate contagious agalactia (CA) in flocks from Pernambuco State. The study involved 225 goats and 63 ewes; 288 milk samples and 100 vaginal swabs were collected in total. The PCR assays were carried out using specific primers to Mycoplasma agalactiae and the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster. Among the goat’s milk samples,12.0% (27/225) were positive for Mycoplasma agalactiae DNA, while 5.3% (12/225) contained the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster. Of the vaginal swabs taken from goats, 15.4% (12/78) were positive for Mycoplasma agalactiae DNA and 3.8% (3/78) contained the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster. In the case of ewes, 4.3% (1/23) of the milk samples contained Mycoplasma agalactiae DNA, and 7.5% (3/40) were positive for...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Contagious agalactia; Flocks; Diagnostic; Epidemiology; Risk factor.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782018000400452