Consulta: subjectFacets:"Pharmacology"
Registros recuperados: 273
Data/hora: 13/06/2024 07:23:41

Toxins from the Caribbean sea anemone Bunodeopsis globulifera increase cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity of lung adenocarcinoma cells
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Monroy-Estrada,Heidi I; Chirino,Yolanda I; Soria-Mercado,Irma E; Sánchez-Rodríguez,Judith.
Background Lung cancer causes 1.4 million deaths worldwide while non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents 80-85% of the cases. Cisplatin is a standard chemotherapy against this type of cancer; however, tumor cell resistance to this drug limits its efficacy. Sea anemones produce compounds with pharmacological activities that may be useful for augmenting cisplatin efficacy. This study aimed to evaluate the pharmacological activities of crude venom (CV) from the sea anemone Bunodeopsis globulifera and four derived fractions (F1, F2, F3 and F4) to test their increase efficiency cisplatin cytotoxicity in human lung adenocarcinoma cells. Results Pre-exposure to CV, F1 and F2 fractions increases cisplatin cytotoxicity in human lung adenocarcinoma cells under...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cnidaria; Pharmacology; Human lung cancer cells; Cytotoxicity assay; Cisplatin efficacy.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992013000100308

Can Plant-Made Copper Chaperones Heal Early Alzheimer&amp;#x2019;s Disease?
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bernd Kastenholz; Basil Horst; J&amp;#xfc;rgen Horst.
Commercially available medicinal plant extracts such as Ginkgo biloba leaf extract show no consistent pattern of clinical benefit for people with dementia or cognitive impairment, and have been suggested to be toxic to cells at higher doses. However, medicinal plants may contain other more efficient bioactive molecules apart from the well-known flavonoids and terpenoids. Therapeutic recombinant proteins, plant-made copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase (CCS) derived from Ginkgo biloba leaves, may establish and maintain physiologic Cu levels through restoration and modulation of biometal metabolism in organ systems of younger Alzheimer patients (&amp;#x3e; 50 years). Medications developed from plant-made copper chaperone proteins may delay progression...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5907/version/6

Inhibition of central insulin-receptor signaling by S961 causes hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance in rats
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ajit Vikram; Gopabandhu Jena.
Genetic ablation studies confirmed the role of central insulin-receptor signaling (CIRS) in fuel metabolism. However, the need to examine the role of CIRS in glucose homeostasis under normal physiological condition is indispensable, as insulin affects the neuronal growth, differentiation and synaptic plasticity. Intracerebral administration of S961 induced hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance in normal rats, and provided direct evidence for the involvement of CIRS in the regulation of glucose homeostasis.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5701/version/1

Improving cellular cancer vaccines
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Petr Lokhov.
Immunization with cancer cells is of great demand in anti-cancer therapy. However, current cellular vaccines are inefficient and there are questions regarding their overall safety. We report a simple and straightforward approach for improving of cellular cancer vaccines. Through treatment of cancer cell cultures with purified protease, it is possible to make preparations of cell-surface antigens that are free of intracellular content and contain two orders-of-magnitude less protein than the whole lysate of an equivalent number of cancer cells. Despite this difference in total protein content, protease-generated preparations stimulate anti-cancer responses from immune cells better those stimulated with cancer cells themselves. The composition of collected...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4356/version/1

Low Protein Diet Consumption Antagonize the Age-associated Change in Hypothalamic GABA Receptor activity
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bidhan C. Bandyopadhyay; Lina Chakrabarti; Mrinal K. Poddar.
Amounts of dietary protein as well as the duration of its supplementation are critical&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;factors that correlate with the hypothalamic GABAergic activity and immune function&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;during aging. Here we evaluate the effect of low (5%) and high (40%) protein diet on the&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;functional state of hypothalamic GABA receptor in the aging brain in albino rats. Longterm&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;(LT; for 30 consecutive days) supplementation of low protein diet (LDP) retarded&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;the age-associated (3 to 18 months) (a) loss of both low and high affinity hypothalamic&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;GABA receptor sensitivity and (b) increase of high affinity GABA receptor density.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Short-term (ST; for 7 consecutive days)...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2284/version/1

Bioconversion of eugenol into food flavouring agent vanillin
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Suaib  Luqman; Sudeep  Tandon; Alok  Somvanshi; Suchita  Srivastava; Mahendra  P. Darokar; Suman  P. S. Khanuja.
Microorganisms have the ability to chemically modify a wide variety of organic compounds by a process referred to as biological or microbial transformation, or in general, bioconversion. The microbial cells and their catalytic machinery (enzymes) accept a wide array of complex molecules as substrates, yielding products with unparallel chiral (enantio-), positional (region-) and chemical (chemo-) selectivity through various biochemical reactions. The present study was formulated on the objective of the conversion of abundantly available phytomolecules eugenol into vanillin, a compound of industrial importance, using microorganisms Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These microbes were found to be capable of converting eugenol...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6926/version/1

Prediction of Evolutionarily important catalytic amino acid of Mycobacterium tuberculosis O-Succinylbenzoate synthase through in silico mutational analysis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Babajan B; Chaitanya M; Anuradha CM; Suresh Kumar Chitta.
The emergence of tuberculosis resistant to multiple, first- and second-line antibiotics poses challenges to a global control strategy that relies on standard drug treatment regimens. The high drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) have been implicated in outbreaks and have been found throughout the world; a comprehensive understanding, the magnitude of this threat requires an accurate assessment of the worldwide burden of resistance. In an attempt to design anti-TB drugs, the target chosen is a key enzyme of Mtb, O-Succinylbenzoate synthase (OSBS), which is an attractive target for its role in electron transport chain as OSBS is not available in humans.  An attempt has been to built the 3-D structure of Mtb-OSBS using online Swiss model...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Microbiology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3776/version/1

Novel Techniques for Microspectroscopy and Chemical Imaging Analysis of Soybean Seeds and Embryos
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu; Tiefeng  You; Doina M. Costescu.
Novel methodologies are currently being evaluated for the Chemical Analysis of soybean seeds as well as developing mature soybean embryos by FT-IR/NIR Microspectroscopy. This is the first report of FT-NIR Chemical Images obtained with 1 micron resolution. NIR spectra of Proteins, Oil and DNA fibers are obtained for regions as small as 1&amp;#x3bc;^2^.
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6591/version/2

Targeting Human Dendritic Cells with Lewis X Modified Liposomes
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Lucie Kalvodova; Yongmin Zhang.
In this short report, we demonstrate that liposomes bearing the Lewis X trisaccharide on the surface (&amp;#x201c;Awesosomes&amp;#x201d;) efficiently target human dendritic cells. We chose a glycolipid with Lewis X trisaccharide headgroup to facilitate the targeted liposome uptake via the DC-SIGN internalization pathway. While no uptake of Awesosomes was detected with wild-type human HEK293 cells, HEK293 cells transfected with human DC-SIGN internalized Awesosomes extensively. In samples of human blood-derived leukocytes, the extent of uptake of Awesosomes correlated with the expression of DC-SIGN, which is a dendritic cells marker. There was a marked difference in the uptake of Awesosomes and plain liposomes by DC-SIGN expressing dendritic cells. There...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4764/version/1

Surface Modified Ultrathin Polyelectrolyte Nanoreservoir for Delivery of Proteins: Evaluation in Terms of Controlled Release and Biocompatibility
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Girish Kumar Gupta; Vikas  Jain; Prabhat Ranjan Mishra.
The proposed ultrathin polyelectrolyte nanoreservoir (UPN) was fabricated in two combinations by alternate layering of polyelectrolytes poly (allylamine hydrochloride) along with sodium poly (styrene sulfonate) (PAH/PSS)5 and sodium alginate (PAH/SA)5  using porous calcium carbonate as a template using layer-by-layer adsorption technique with the subsequent template removal at low pH. We studied the possibility whether remnant intact nanoreservoir could be suited for encapsulation as well as delivery vehicle for protein such as bovine serum albumin as a model. To tune biocompatibility with biological cells the assembled surface was modified using pluronic (F-68) by adsorption and possible hydrophobic interaction. The prepared system was characterized for...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2548/version/1

Trans-Disciplinary Protein Binding Of Drug: Docking Approach
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ajeet Ajeet.
The purpose of present work is to introduce the binding of existing drugs to the trans-disciplinary protein with the help of docking procedures. Docking procedures allows virtually screening a database of compounds and predict the strongest binder based on various scoring functions. This work has been performed with the help of Molegro Virtual docker, in which two drugs are docked with their corresponding and non-corresponding (trans-disciplinary) protein. Results reveals that the protein-ligand interaction energy, hydrogen bond energy and  MolDock scores provided by molegro virtual docker, between legands (Levodopa and Acyclovir) and trans-disciplinary proteins have been equivalent or even better than that of between legands and corresponding proteins.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6702/version/1

siRNA knockdown of SPHK1 in vivo protects mice from systemic, type-I Allergy.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jayapal J. Manikandan; Peter Natesan P. N. Pushparaj; Alirio Jose A. J. Melendez.
Systemic anaphylaxis is considered to be a typical immediate hypersensitivity response, determined by the activation of immune cells,&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;via antigen-induced aggregation of IgE-sensitized Fc&amp;#x3b5;RI cells. Perhaps most the important cells, in the immediate hypersensitivity responses, are mast cells. We have previously shown that SPHK1 plays a key role in the intracellular signaling pathways triggered by FceRI aggregation on human&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;mast cells. More recently, we performed a genome-wide gene expression profiling of human mast cells, sensitized with IgE alone, or stimulated by Fc&amp;#x3b5;RI aggregation. We found that sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) was one&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;of genes activated at the earlier stages of mast cell...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1147/version/1

Allosteric modulation of beta1 integrin function induces lung repair in animal model of emphysema.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rehab J. Al-Jamal; Linda Wilson; Chris J. Armit; Susan McIntyre; Mark Marsden; Steven D. Shapiro; David J. Harrison.
Emphysema is a progressive lung disease characterised by loss of lung parenchyma with associated functional changes including decreased tissue elastance. Here we report beta1 integrin is a novel target for tissue repair and regeneration in emphysema. We show a single dose of a monoclonal antibody against beta1 integrin induced both functional and structural reversal of elastase-induced lung injury in vivo, and we found that similar matrix remodelling changes occurred in human lung tissue. We also identified a potential mechanism of action as this  allosteric modulation of beta1 integrin inhibited elastase-induced caspase activation, F-actin aggregate formation and changes in cellular ATP levels. This was accompanied by maintenance of beta1?integrin levels...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/437/version/1

Hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase modulates the effect of inhibitors and alternative substrates of 11[beta]-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Zolt&amp;#xe1;n Bal&amp;#xe1;zs; Lyubomir G. Nashev; Charlie Chandsawangbhuwana; Michael E. Baker; Alex Odermatt.
Intracellular glucocorticoid reactivation is catalyzed by 11[beta]-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (11[beta]-HSD1), which functions predominantly as a reductase in cells expressing hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (H6PDH). We recently showed that the ratios of cortisone to cortisol and 7-keto- to 7-hydroxy-neurosteroids are regulated by 11[beta]-HSD1 and very much depend on co-expression with H6PDH, providing cosubstrate NADPH. Here, we investigated the impact of H6PDH on the modulation of 11[beta]-HSD1-dependent inter-conversion of cortisone and cortisol by inhibitors and alternative substrates. Using HEK-293 cells expressing 11[beta]-HSD1 or co-expressing 11[beta]-HSD1 and H6PDH, we observed significant differences of 11[beta]-HSD1 inhibition by natural...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2430/version/1

A novel apparatus/protocol designed for optogenetic manipulation and recording of individual neurons during a motivation and working memory task in the rodent
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Samuel Dolzani; Donald C. Cooper.
Innovative molecular tools allow neuroscientists to study neural circuitry associated with specific behaviors. Consequently, behavioral methods must be developed to interface with these new molecular tools in order for neuroscientists to identify the causal elements underlying behavior and decision-making processes. Here we present an apparatus and protocol for a novel Go/No-Go behavioral paradigm to study the brain attention and motivation/reward circuitry in awake, head-restrained rodents. This experimental setup allows: (1) Painless and stable restraint of the head and body; (2) Rapid acquisition to simple or complex operant tasks; (3) Repeated electrophysiological single and multiple unit recordings during ongoing behavior; (4) Pharmacological and...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7152/version/1

Exploiting evolution to treat drug resistance: Combination therapy and the double bind
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: David Basanta; Robert Gatenby; Alexander R. A. Anderson.
Although many anti cancer therapies are successful in killing a large percentage of tumour cells when initially administered, the evolutionary dynamics underpinning tumour progression mean that often resistance is an inevitable outcome, allowing for new tumour phenotypes to emerge that are unhindered by the therapy. Research in the field of ecology suggests that an evolutionary double bind could  be an effective way to treat tumours. In an evolutionary double bind two therapies are used in combination such that evolving resistance to one leaves individuals more susceptible to the other. In this paper we present a general evolutionary game theory model of a double bind to study the effect that such approach would have in cancer. Furthermore we use this...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Ecology; Pharmacology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6380/version/1

Glucocorticoids Inhibit Sodium Depletion-induced Salt Appetite in Rat
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Chao Liu; Jing Guan; Ying Chen; Kunshen Liu.
Glucocorticoids, produced in adrenal cortex, exert potent natriuretic and diuretic actions in the kidney. Recently, it has been found that glucocorticoids could upregulate the expression of natriuretic peptide receptor A (NPR-A), the primary receptor of atrial natriuretic peptide, in the hypothalamus of the rat. Consequently, systemic administration of glucocorticoid could block dehydration-induced water intake by activation hypothalamic NPR-A. We describe here glucocorticoids could inhibit sodium intake when administrated systemically in conscious, salt-depleted rats; an effect which was strong and long-lasting. The study provided further evidence for the actions of glucocorticoids on central nervous system, which together with their established renal...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5376/version/1

Structural requirements for the binding affinity of some small, non&amp;#x2013;peptide C5a receptor antagonists
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Haiying Xie; Weiming  Wang; Ziqiang  Xie; Hong  Chen; Kexian  Chen.
Complement anaphylatoxin 5a (C5a) has been recognized as a potent therapeutic target for anti-inflammatory therapy, thus, blocking the action of C5a on its binding receptors may provide an effective treatment of a variety of inflammatory diseases. However, there have been few clinically available non-peptide C5a receptor antagonists disclosed at present. In pursuit of better anti-inflammatory drugs, quantitative structure&amp;#x2013;activity relationship studies were carried out in a series of non-peptide C5a receptor antagonists with binding activity using different physicochemical descriptors. The conventional best 2D-QSAR models were developed using a training set of 35 molecules and an external test set of 8 molecules by genetic function approximation...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Immunology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6630/version/1

Polymorphisms of CYP1A1 I462V and GSTM1 genotypes and lung cancer susceptibility in Mongolian
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Fuhou Chang; Zhi-Xie Zhang; Jia Ma; Jun QI; Min-jie Wang; Qin Yin; Guang Wang.
Aim: To study the genotype of cytochrome P450 1A1(CYP1A1) I462V and glutathions S-transferase M1( GSTM1) and the relationship of the genetic polymorphism of them with the susceptibility of lung cancer in Mongolia of China. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Methods: Allele-specific PCR and a multiplex PCR were employed to identify the genotypes of I462V of CYP1A1 and GSTM1 in a case-control study of 210 lung cancer patients with bronchoscopy diagnosis and 210 matched controls free of malignancy.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Results: The frequencies of the variant CYP1A1(Val/Val) genotypes and GSTM1(-) in lung cancer groups were higher than that in control groups (15.24% vs 7.4% and 56.67% vs 40.95% ). The individuals who carried with CYP1A1(Val/Val)...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3336/version/1

Docking and QSAR Studies of Camptothecin Derivatives as Inhibitor of DNA Topoisomerase-I
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Dharmendra  K. Yadav; Feroz  Khan; Santosh K. Srivastava.
Camptothecin (CPT) is a cytotoxic quinoline alkaloid which inhibits the DNA enzyme Topoisomerase-I (Topo-I) and has shown remarkable anticancer activity in preliminary clinical trials. The major limitation is its low solubility and high adverse reaction. In the studied work, we performed molecular docking of CPT derivatives against Topo-I and developed the quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) model for anticancer activity screening. For QSAR, we used CPT and other anticancer drugs with its IC50 values. We used a total of forty seven anticancer drugs as training set and eight compounds as test set and thirty derivatives of CPT as query set. Total of fifty two chemical descriptors were used for the quantitative data calculation. Only four...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Chemistry; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5773/version/1

Can Plant-Made Copper Chaperones Heal Early Alzheimer&amp;#x2019;s Disease?
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bernd Kastenholz; Basil Horst; J&amp;#xfc;rgen Horst.
Commercially available medicinal plant extracts such as Ginkgo biloba leaf extract show no consistent pattern of clinical benefit for people with dementia or cognitive impairment, and have been suggested to be toxic to cells at higher doses. However, medicinal plants may contain other more efficient bioactive molecules apart from the well-known flavonoids and terpenoids. Therapeutic recombinant plant-made copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase (CCS) derived from Ginkgo biloba leaves may establish and maintain physiologic Cu levels through restoration and modulation of biometal metabolism in organ systems of younger Alzheimer patients (&amp;#x3e; 50 years). Medications developed from plant-made copper chaperone proteins may delay progression during early...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5907/version/4

IUPHAR-DB: An Expert-Curated, Peer-Reviewed Database of Receptors and Ion Channels
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Joanna L. Sharman; Valerie A. Hale; Rebecca Hills; Edward M. Rosser; Martin Jones; Stuart D. Greenhill; Anthony J. Harmar; NC - IUPHAR.
The International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology database (IUPHAR-DB) integrates peer-reviewed pharmacological, chemical, genetic, functional and anatomical information on the 354 non-sensory G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), 71 ligand-gated ion channel subunits and 141 voltage-gated ion channel subunits encoded by the human, rat and mouse genomes. These genes represent the targets of about a third of currently approved drugs and are a major focus of drug discovery and development programs in the pharmaceutical industry.  Individual gene pages provide a comprehensive description of the genes and their functions, with information on protein structure, ligands, expression patterns, signaling mechanisms, functional assays and biologically...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3230/version/1

Endothelin-Induced Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium Depletion Waves in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Mitra Esfandiarei; Yohan Choi; Arash Y. Tehrani; Jeremy G. Hoskins; Nicola Fameli; Cornelis van Breemen.
Agonist-stimulated waves of elevated cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i ) regulate blood vessel tone and vasomotion in vascular smooth muscle. Previous studies employing cytoplasmic Ca2+ indicators revealed that these Ca2+ waves were generated by a combination of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and Ca2+ induced Ca2+ release (CICR) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR); although, some of the mechanistic details remain uncertain. However, these findings were derived indirectly from observing agonist-induced [Ca2+]i fluctuations in the cytoplasm.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Here, for the first time, we have recorded Endothelin-1 (ET-1) induced waves of Ca2+ depletion from the SR lumen in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) using a calsequestrin-targeted Ca2+...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6280/version/1

Visual Molecular Dynamics Investigations of the Impact of Hydrophobic Nanoparticles on Prognosis  of Alzheimer&amp;#x2019;s Disease and Cancers
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu; M Charles; V. I. Prisecaru.
The possible impact of hydrophobic lectin nanoparticles on the prognosis and progression of Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease (AD) and cancers was investigated by Visual Molecular Dynamics (VMD) computer modeling programs available from the Beckmann Advanced Research Institute at the University of Illinois at Urbana. Our results indicate the possibility of impeding pathological aggregation of certain proteins such as modified tau- or beta-amyloid that are currently being considered as possible causes of Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease. VMD programs serve as useful tools for investigation hydrophobic protein aggregation that may play a role in aging of human populations.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Data Standards.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7111/version/2

Without magic bullets: the biological basis for public health interventions against protein folding disorders
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rodrick Wallace.
Protein folding disorders of aging like Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s and Parkinson&amp;#x27;s diseases currently present intractable medical challenges. &amp;#x27;Small molecule&amp;#x27; interventions - drug treatments - often have, at best, palliative impact, failing to alter disease course. The design of individual or population level interventions will likely require a deeper understanding of protein folding and its regulation than currently provided by contemporary &amp;#x27;physics&amp;#x27; or culture-bound medical magic bullet models. Here, a topological rate distortion analysis is applied to the problem of protein folding and regulation that is similar in spirit to Tlusty&amp;#x27;s (2010a) elegant exploration of the genetic code. The formalism produces...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Developmental Biology; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4847/version/1

Suppression of TNF-&amp;#x3b1; induced NF&amp;#x3ba;B activity by gallic acid and its semi-synthetic alkyl-gallates: Possible role in cancer chemoprevention
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Suaib  Luqman; Mauro  C. C. Morais; Tamara  P. Kondratyuk; Maicon  S. Petronio; Luis   O. Regasini; Dulce   H. S. Silva; Vanderlan  S. Bolzani; Christiane   P. Soares; John   M. Pezzuto.
NF&amp;#x3ba;B, a transcription factor, regulates the expression of a number of genes involved in carcinogenesis. Thus, agents that can suppress NF&amp;#x3ba;B activation have the potential to suppress carcinogenesis. In the present investigation, gallic acid was isolated from Alchornea glandulosa (Euphorbiaceae) and eight semi-synthetic alkyl gallates were prepared from the reaction of the corresponding alcohols with gallic acid at 80oC for 48 h in good yields (70-97%). All the compounds were evaluated against TNF-&amp;#x3b1;-induced NF&amp;#x3ba;B activation with stable transfected 293/NF&amp;#x3ba;B-Luc human embryonic kidney cells. Treatment of cells with gallic acid and the gallate esters (20 &amp;#xb5;g/ml) significantly reduced TNF-&amp;#x3b1;...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Chemistry; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6922/version/1

Can Plant-Made Copper Chaperones Heal Early Alzheimer&amp;#x2019;s Disease?
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bernd Kastenholz; Basil Horst; J&amp;#xfc;rgen Horst.
Commercially available medicinal plant extracts such as Ginkgo biloba leaf extract show no consistent pattern of clinical benefit for people with dementia or cognitive impairment, and have been suggested to be toxic to cells at higher doses. However, medicinal plants may contain other more efficient bioactive molecules apart from the well-known flavonoids and terpenoids. Therapeutic recombinant plant-made copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase (CCS) derived from Ginkgo biloba leaves may establish and maintain physiologic Cu levels through restoration and modulation of biometal metabolism in organ systems of younger Alzheimer patients (&amp;#x3e; 50 years). Medications developed from plant-made copper chaperone proteins may delay progression during early...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5907/version/3

Cocaine self-administration in the mouse: A low-cost, chronic catheter preparation
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Matthew B. Pomrenze; Michael  V. Baratta; Brian A. Cadle; Donald C. Cooper.
Intravenous drug self-administration is the most valid animal model of human addiction because it allows volitional titration of the drug in the blood based on an individual&amp;#x2019;s motivational state together with the pharmacokinetic properties of the drug. Here we describe a reliable low-cost mouse self-administration catheter assembly and protocol that that can be used to assess a variety of drugs of abuse with a variety of protocols. We describe a method for intravenous catheter fabrication that allows for efficient and long-lasting intravenous drug delivery. The intravenous catheters remained intact and patent for several weeks allowing us to establish stable maintenance of cocaine acquisition. This was followed by a dose response study in the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7040/version/1

Study Of Phenothiazine On p53 Core Domain Mutant Y220C: Finding The Anti-tumor Activity Of Phenothiazine
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Asif Husain Naqvi; Hardik H. Sheth; Vijay Kumar; Suchindran H S; Vivek Gupta.
The tumor suppressor protein p53 is a transcription factor that plays a key role in the prevention of cancer development. The p53 cancer mutation Y220C induces formation of a cavity on the protein&amp;#x27;s surface that can accommodate stabilizing small molecules. We have attempted with the help of virtual screening and molecular docking approach using Lamarckian Genetic Algorithm to elucidate the extent of specificity of p53 cancer mutation Y220C towards different class of Phenothiazines (an anti-cancer agent). &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The 393 residue p53 tumor suppressor protein exists in a dynamic equilibrium to form homotetramers. Each chain comprises several functional domains. The N terminal part of the protein consists of the...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6135/version/1

The BRIF (Bioresource Research Impact Factor) as a tool for improving bioresource sharing in biomedical research
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Laurence Mabile; Raymond Dalgleish; Gudmundur  A. Thorisson; Myl&amp;#xe8;ne Desch&amp;#xea;nes; Robert Hewitt; Jane Carpenter; Elena Bravo; Pierre-Antoine Gourraud; Paul Hofman; Jennifer Harris; Maria Angeles Munoz-Fernandes; Anne Cambon-Thomsen.
The central aim of the BRIF (Bioresource Research Impact Factor) initiative is to construct a quantitative parameter to evaluate bioresources, modeled to some degree on the Journal Impact Factor (JIF), and to provide guidance and methodology for optimizing recognition of bioresources, their use and their sharing at international level. To implement this concept an international working group has been set up. Specific tasks have been assigned to several sub-groups: BRIF digital identifier schemes; BRIF parameters, measures and indicators; journal guidelines for resource citing and referencing; policies for bioresource access and sharing. These are discussed in the present manuscript.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Data Standards.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6568/version/1

Can Plant-Made Copper Chaperones Heal Early Alzheimer&amp;#x2019;s Disease?
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bernd Kastenholz; Basil Horst; J&amp;#xfc;rgen Horst.
Commercially available medicinal plant extracts such as Ginkgo biloba leaf extract show no consistent pattern of clinical benefit for people with dementia or cognitive impairment, and have been suggested to be toxic to cells at higher doses. However, medicinal plants may contain other more efficient bioactive molecules apart from the well-known flavonoids and terpenoids. Therapeutic recombinant plant-made copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase (CCS) derived from Ginkgo biloba leaves may establish and maintain physiologic Cu levels through restoration and modulation of biometal metabolism in organ systems of younger Alzheimer patients (&amp;#x3e; 50 years). Medications developed from plant-made copper chaperone proteins may delay progression during early...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5907/version/5

mGluR5 knockout mice exhibit normal conditioned place-preference to cocaine
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Melissa  A. Fowler; Andrew L. Varnell; Donald C. Cooper.
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) null mutant (-/-) mice have been reported to totally lack the reinforcing or locomotor stimulating effects of cocaine. We tested mGluR5 -/- and +/+ mice for their locomotor and conditioned place- preference response to cocaine. Unlike the previous finding, here we show that compared to mGluR5 +/+ mice, -/- mice exhibit no difference in the locomotor response to low to moderate doses of cocaine (10 or 20 mg/kg). A high dose of cocaine (40 mg/kg) resulted in a blunted rather than absent locomotor response. We tested mGluR5 -/- and +/+ mice for conditioned place-preference to cocaine and found no group differences at a conditioning dose of 10 mg/kg, suggesting normal conditioned rewarding properties of cocaine. These...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6180/version/1

Validated, Ultra Violet Spectroscopy method for the Dissolution study of Mycophenolate mofetil immediate release 500mg tablets
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Surajpal P. Verma; Ozair Alam; Pooja Mullick; Nadeem Siddiqui; Suroor A. Khan.
A simple, selective and precise dissolution method was developed and validated for the Mycophenolate mofetil immediate release tablets. The method employed dissolution medium 0.1N HCl (pH1.2) and volume 900ml with USP-II apparatus (Paddle). Detection was made by measuring the absorbance on UV at the [lambda]~max~ 250nm. The method show the linearity in the range of conc. 5[micro]g/ml to 40[micro]g/ml with r^2^=0.999. The method is also validated as per International Conference of Harmonization guidelines. The method showed the specificity with standard deviation 0.00. The method is repeatable, selective and accurate for the dissolution study of Mycophenolate mofetil immediate release tablets.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2250/version/1

QSAR and Docking Studies of Gallic Acid Derivatives for Anticancer and Immunomodulatory Activity
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Dharmendra Kumar Yadav; Feroz Khan; Arvind Singh  Negi.
Immuno-modulation is the process of alteration in immune response due to foreign intrusion of molecules inside the body. In the present communication QSAR and molecular docking studies for immuno-modulatory activity of derivatives of gallic acid were performed. Molecular docking studies showed higher binding affinity with INF&amp;#x3b1;-2, IL-6, and IL-4 receptors. Binding site residues indicate hydrogen bonds formation with gallic acid derivative compounds G-3, G-4, G-5, G-6, G-7 and G-10. Further screening through quantitative structure activity relationship model establishes the immuno-modulatory activity of the compounds G-4, G-7, G-9, G-10, G-12 and G-13. Activity was predicted through a robust statistical model, developed by forward feed multiple...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6620/version/1

Structural basis for the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma by telmisartan
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Yasushi Amano; Tomohiko Yamaguchi; Kazuki Ohno; Tatsuya Niimi; Masaya Orita; Hitoshi Sakashita; Makoto Takeuchi.
Telmisartan, a selective angiotensin receptor blocker, has been recently shown to act as a partial agonist for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR&amp;#x3b3;). To understand the activation mechanism of PPAR&amp;#x3b3; by telmisartan, we determined the ternary complex structure of PPAR&amp;#x3b3;, telmisartan and coactivator peptide from SRC1 at 2.25 &amp;#xc5; resolution. The overall fold of PPAR&amp;#x3b3; is almost identical to previously-determined complex structures with agonists. However, telmisartan exhibits an unexpected binding mode, devoid of some essential hydrogen bonds for full activation of PPAR&amp;#x3b3;.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5265/version/1

Diagnostic robustness of DNA microarrays in the classification of acute leukemia
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Marie Loh; Adrian Mondry.
Countless statistical methods have been described for the analysis of DNA microarrays, and each yields distinct results. This raises the question whether DNA microarrays are robust diagnostic tools.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;In order to address this issue, we compared five formally similar statistical tests for gene selection on a single data set derived from acute leukemia patients. Inter-test agreement of gene selection, of sample classification and with standard clinical diagnosis was calculated using Cohen&amp;#x27;s &amp;#x3ba;-score.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The inter-test agreement scores were 0.15 &amp;#x3c; &amp;#x3ba; &amp;#x3c; 0.68 for gene selection, and 0.60 &amp;#x3c; &amp;#x3ba; &amp;#x3c; 0.89 for sample classification....
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1056/version/1

Glutathione (GSH) conjugates with dopamine (DA)-derived quinones to form reactive or non-reactive GSH-conjugates
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Zhidong Zhou; Tit Meng Lim.
In this study we demonstrate for the first time that GSH could rapidly conjugate with dopamine (DA)-derived DA-o-quinones without enzymatic catalysis to form short-lived intermediate GSH-conjugates (2-S-GSH-DA-o-quinone and 5-S-GSH-DA-o-quinone). These intermediate GSH-conjugates are unstable and would finally form reactive or non-reactive GSH-conjugates dependent on ambient reductive forces. Under insufficient reductive forces, the intermediate GSH-conjugates could cyclize spontaneously to form reactive 7-S-GSH-aminochrome (7-S-GSH-AM). The 7-S-GSH-AM is so reactive that it could further react with another GSH to form 4,7-bi-GSH-5,6-dihydroindole. Its reactivity could also abrogate tyrosinase activity in solutions. In addition, the 7-S-GSH-AM could...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2963/version/1

Cancer chemopreventive action of &amp;#x3b1;-(-)-bisabolol, a sesquiterpene alcohol involves inhibition of cathepsin D and ornithine decarboxylase via tramping nitric oxide
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Suchita  Srivastava; Suaib Luqman.
Terpenoids, traditionally used for cosmetic and medicinal purposes, are currently being explored as cancer chemopreventive as well as chemotherapeutic agent in clinical trials. &amp;#x3b1;-(-)-bisabolol, a naturally occurring monocyclic sesquiterpene alcohol is a major component of essential oil of chamomile (Matricaria recutita L., Chamomilla recutita L., Matricaria chamomilla; Family Asteraceae). As substantiated previously, &amp;#x3b1;-(-)-bisabolol is known to have antimicrobial, anti-irritant, anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties. It also affects cell viability and growth of various human and murine cell lines by either inducing apoptosis or suppressing Akt activation or down regulating expression of some genes implicated in carcinogenesis....
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6902/version/1

Timing feedback-inhibition of the male reproductive hormone axis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ritu R. Malik; Shailesh S. Tondwal; K Subramanian Venkatesh; Gopal Gupta; Amit Misra.
Hormonal methods of male contraception have addressed feedback-inhbition of the cascade of hormones that has evolved to regulate sperm production but high concentrations of testosterone (T) in the blood have not worked satisfactorily. We hypothesized that an episodic event, such as degranulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons in the hypothalamus, could be as well inhibited by episodic interference as by continuously-applied suppression. We used a computational model of hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis described by Veldhuis et al. to test the hypothesis that episodic administration of T would inhibit GnRH and/or luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion. A set of stochastic differential equations model feedback as well as feed-forward actions of...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2648/version/1

Lead identification and docking studies of metastatic protein human mitogen activated protein kinase kinase4
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Harika  Meduru; Dibyabhaba Pradhan; Manne  Munikumar; Amineni Umamaheswari.
Human dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 (MAP2K4) is a direct activator of MAP kinases in response to various environmental stresses or mitogenic stimuli. Upon phosphorylation, MAP2K4 has been shown to activate MAPK8, MAPK9 and MAPK14/p38 but not MAPK1/ERK2 or MAPK3/ERK1. Over expression of MAP2K4 causes carcinogenic effects, such as ovarian cancer, colorectal cancer, prostate cancer and pancreatic cancer. Our present study was carried out to design a potent drug molecule against MAP2K4 to control over expression. As there is no experimentally determined structure for MAP2K4, the homology modeling technique of Modeller9v7 was implemented to generate a MAP2K4 3D model based on the co-crystal structure of MAP2K6 (PDB ID: 3FME) with...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5457/version/1

QSAR &amp;#x26; DOCKING APPROACH - POTENTIAL WAY TO NEW DRUG  DEVELOPMENT
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ajeet Ajeet.
With today&amp;#x27;s need for discovering and developing new drug molecules, it is necessary to accept ways to save time and wet lab essentials.  To this end, the QSAR and molecular docking approach is used widely by us.  This poster describes steps for developing a new or modified moiety of a drug molecule.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7071/version/1

3D models of lamprey corticoid receptor complexed with 11-deoxycortisol and deoxycorticosterone
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Michael E. Baker; Kayla Y. Uh; Paiyuam Asnaashari.
The serum of Atlantic sea lamprey, a basal vertebrate, contains two corticosteroids, 11-deoxycortisol and deoxycorticosterone.  Only 11-deoxycortisol has high affinity [Kd~3 nM] for the corticoid receptor [CR] in lamprey gill cytosol.  To investigate the binding of 11-deoxycortisol to the CR, we constructed 3D models of lamprey CR complexed with 11-deoxycortisol and deoxycorticosterone.  These 3D models reveal that Leu-220 and Met-299 in lamprey CR have contacts with the 17[alpha]-hydroxyl on 11-deoxycortisol.  Lamprey CR is the ancestor of the mineralocorticoid receptor [MR] and glucocorticoid receptor [GR].  Unlike human MR and human GR, the 3D model of lamprey CR finds a van der Waals contact between Cys-227 in helix 3 and Met-264 in helix 5.  Mutant...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Developmental Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6216/version/1

Diet transition to a high-fat diet for 3 weeks reduces brain omega-3-fatty acid levels, alters BDNF signaling and induces anxiety &amp;#x26; depression-like behavior in adult rats
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sandeep Sharma; Yumei Zhuang; Fernando Gomez-Pinilla.
Background: The consumption of diets high in calories and low in nutrient value is becoming increasingly common in modern society, which can lead to metabolic disorders like diabetes and obesity, and potentially to psychiatric disorders. We have performed studies to assess how the shift from a healthy diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids to a diet rich in saturated fatty acid affects the substrates for brain plasticity and function, and anxiety and depression-like behavior. Methods: Pregnant rats were fed with omega-3 supplemented diet from their 2nd day of gestation period as well as their male pups for 12 weeks. Afterwards, the animals were randomly assigned to either a group fed on the same diet or a group fed on a high-fat diet (HFD) rich in saturated fats...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6950/version/1

Mummification in a Bitch: A case report
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Perumal P; Venkateswaralu B; D.N. Mohanty; Srinibas  Das; Ashok Kumar Barik; P.C. Mishra.
A pug aged 5 years was admitted in the Lyka pet clinic with difficulty in parturition. Breeding history of the dog was collected from the owner. X-ray was conducted which confirmed the presence of foetus. The bitch was manually handled to relieve the Dystocia following intravenous drip of N.S.S. and oxytocin. In the vent of unsuccessful attempt the bitch was surgically operated for C.S. and six fetuses of which four normal and two mummified were relieved. Routine post operative care were undertaken and the bitch recovered normally with out any complication. Photographic recording was also made during the recovery of mummified foetus.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7063/version/1

Obesity care pathway
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Phillipa Hobson; Abdallah Mangoud.
This paper recognises that obesity is a growing problem within the UK with Britain with one of the highest rates for overweight children in Europe and with one in three adults predicted to be obese by 2012. Within the UK, nearly 25 per cent of men and women are now obese which has created enormous implications for health service providers (NICE, 2006). This paper focuses specifically on North East Lincolnshire where life expectancy is less than the national average with males (76) and females (80.8). Within North East Lincolnshire we developed an evidence-based adult obesity care pathway based on the NICE obesity guidance, incorporating local referral criteria and input. The pathway is benefiting patients by helping to reduce obesity through an increase in...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4718/version/1

Developing a Text Mining Prototype for the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database Biocuration Process
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Thomas C. Wiegers.
Understanding interactions between environmental chemicals and genes provides insights into the mechanisms of chemical action, disease susceptibility, therapeutic drug interactions, and toxicity. The Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD; http://ctd.mdibl.org) is a web-based resource that integrates diverse information for the cross-species analysis of chemical, gene, and disease relationships.  Much of the data contained in CTD is manually gathered by biocurators; CTD integrates data curated manually from over 10,000 scientific documents.  CTD biocurators manually curate chemical-gene and chemical/gene-disease interactions from the scientific literature using controlled vocabularies.  Unfortunately, there are many more scientific documents available...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3142/version/1

The Importance of Patents for Scientists
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sue Scott.
Patents have become a hot topic and the subject of much media attention.  If your main source of information about patents is the newspapers, you could be forgiven for having an extremely distorted view of what patents are, what they do, and what benefits and problems are associated with them.   All scientists want to be able to improve the world in some way, whether by contributing in a fundamental way to the fund of human knowledge or by delivering new and valuable technology.  If you are a scientist making inventions, it is increasingly important that you should have an understanding of the importance of patents in the modern world, and should have sufficient understanding of the patent system to make sure that your aims for your inventions are...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1974/version/1

Performance of the ALOGPS 2.1 program for octanol-water partition coefficient prediction with organic chemicals on the Canadian Domestic Substances List
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sierra Rayne; Kaya Forest.
The KOWWIN and ALOGPS octanol-water partition coefficient (K~ow~) estimation software programs were compared for their capacity to accurately predict log K~ow~ values of 1596 organic compounds on the publicly available Domestic Substances List (DSL) from Environment Canada for which experimental data is available. KOWWIN contained a significantly lower number and magnitude of prediction errors compared to ALOGPS, particularly at experimental log K~ow~ values &amp;#x3c;2. Substantial predictive differences were observed between the two programs for 9093 compounds not having experimental K~ow~ data on the Canadian DSL. Predictive differences of up to 40 log K~ow~ units were found between KOWWIN and ALOGPS, and in some cases, the discrepancies were...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Pharmacology; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3882/version/1

Characteristics of Uremic Cardiomyopathy with Reversible Systolic Dysfunction
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Srilakshmi Adhyapak; Shamanna Iyengar.
Background: There exists a sub group of patients with uremic cardiomyopathy who experience resolution of heart failure following hemodialysis. It has been hypothesized that these patients are fluid overloaded, and following hemodialysis, show improvements in cardiac geometry and function. We wanted to study their clinical, biochemical and echocardiographic features to define any other additional characteristics.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Aim: To define characteristics of reversible systolic dysfunction.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Methods: We studied 72 patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis of whom 52 presented with congestive heart failure, over a period of 190 days. We studied their echocardiographic profile and blood...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3199/version/1

Effect of Stimulators upon Human Hepatic Adenylate Cyclase Activity: A Tool of Nitroimidazole Cytotoxicity Assessment
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rakesh Sharma; Soonjo Kwon.
Nitroimidazole is an antibiotic and radiosensitizer chemical with great potentials in imaging. The hepato-cytoxicity evaluation of nitroimidazole and possible energy status changes in liver cells due to its anti-inflammatory characteristics are crucial in tumor imaging and chemotherapy. Adenylate cyclase is key enzyme to cause energy imbalance leading to cytotoxicity. To evaluate energy status in hepatocytes and Kupffer cells, adenylate cyclase activities in isolated liver cells were compared in presence of stimulators. To evaluate the effect of effectors on adenylate cyclase in cultured hepatocyte cells, adenylate cyclase enzyme was stimulated by different GITP, GTP, progesterone and nitroimidazole effectors. In cultured Kupffer cells, prostaglandin E~2~...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2850/version/1

Reduction of adipose tissue mass by the angiogenesis inhibitor ALS-L1023
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Michung Yoon; Hyunhee Lee; Yeonhee Hong; Dongmin Park; Jaeho Oh; Byung-Young Park; Hee Lee; Eun kyu Park; Jong Cheon Hahm; Min-Young Kim.
Objective: Angiogenesis has been demonstrated to modulate adipogenesis and obesity. This study was undertaken to determine whether the botanical drug ALS-L1023 (ALS), which exhibits antiangiogenic activity, can regulate adipose tissue growth in high-fat-diet-induced obese mice.Materials and Methods: The effects of ALS on angiogenesis and extracellular matrix remodeling were measured using in vitro assays. The effects of ALS on adipose tissue growth was investigated in nutritionally obese mice. Results: ALS inhibited angiogenesis in a concentration-dependent manner in the tube formation assay and the VEGF-induced proliferation assay using human umbilical vein endothelial cells. ALS also suppressed matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity in vitro. ALS...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6256/version/1

Synchronized Mammalian Cells in Culture: A Comparison of Normal and KB Cancer Cell Growth
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu.
Experimentation and tests with cells in culture and cell synchronization or synchrony are important in order to be able to make both reliable and high-sensitivity measurements. This is also very important for mechanistic studies of cell division control, oncogenesis and tumor growth. A comparison is made in this article between the initially synchronized cell growth of rabbit and KB cells in synchronized cultures.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7128/version/1

The Hepatocellular Hypoxia Criteria:2&amp;#x2019;Nitroimidazole Effect on Hepatocyte Carbohydrate Metabolizing Enzymes
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rakesh Sharma.
Aim:  to understand the 2&amp;#x2019;-nitroimidazole induced hypoxia and liver cell interaction, we proposed a &amp;#x201c;Hapatocellular Hypoxia Criteria&amp;#x201d;. Hypothesis: The nitroimidazole induced metabolic energy loss and oxygen depletion (hypoxia) in liver cell mitochondria causes the phagocytosis.  Based on it, ten control subjects with 2&amp;#x2019;-nitroimidazole therapy were studied for their carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes in serum and hepatocellular enzymes in liver biopsy tissues.  Materials and Methods: Proven ten control subjects were studied for hypoxia by enzyme assays.  The 2&amp;#x2019;nitroimidazole treated paired ten subjects were studied for hypoxia using enzyme assays and hepatocellular cytomorphology by electron microscopy....
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2738/version/1

Combining systems biology and pharmacokinetics - drug cardiotoxicity assessment
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sebastian Polak.
Cardiotoxicity assessment is a compulsory element of the drug development process required by drug agencies including the FDA and EMA. The risk of fatal ventricular arrhythmia triggered by drugs is the rationale for such requirements. Over the last two decades prolongation of QT interval has been responsible for the withdrawal of several drugs from the market and extensive black box labeling restrictions. Although there are a number of mechanisms by which drugs may lead to QT prolongation, inhibition of the potassium channels encoded by the hERG gene has been a cause in many cases. Thus, it is not surprising that interaction with the hERG channel has become a major pharmacological safety concern. It can be reliably assessed with use of in silico realized...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5900/version/1

Nuclear Medicine and Early Discovery of Disease
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu.
There is an urgent need for the early detection of diseases such as Alzheimer&amp;#x2019;s (AD) and Cancers in order to enable their successful treatment. Cancer is the second major cause of death after Heart Disease, and AD is the third major cause of death with major consequences for the society.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Three major Nuclear Medicine techniques that are established for diagnostic and research purposes are: Positron Emission Tomography (PET) CAT/CT and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging (NMRI/MRI). These nuclear medicine techniques are discussed together with their clinical and research applications to early diagnosis of Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s Disease (AD) and cancers. Novel approaches to early detection and modeling of AD and cancers are then...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6196/version/1

Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease by NIRF Spectroscopy  and Nuclear Medicine-v.4.0
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I Baianu.
There is an urgent need for the early detection of diseases such as Alzheimer&amp;#x2019;s (AD) and Cancers in order to enable their successful treatment. Cancer is the second major cause of death after Heart Disease, and AD is the third major cause of death with major, human and financial/economics trillion dollar consequences for the society. Nuclear Medicine is concerned with applications in Medicine of Nuclear Science and Engineering techniques and knowledge. Three major Nuclear Medicine techniques that are established for diagnostic and research purposes are: Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and CAT/CT, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging (NMRI/MRI). However, these three techniques have also major limitations in terms of either cost or image...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6273/version/1

Suppression of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced ornithine decarboxylase activity by resveratrol derivatives
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Suaib  Luqman; Tamara  P. Kondratyuk; Juma  Hosino; Mark  Cushman; John  M. Pezzuto.
As demonstrated previously, resveratrol (3,4&amp;#x27;,5-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) inhibits 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), the key rate limiting enzyme in mammalian polyamine synthesis. Using human bladder epithelial carcinoma HTB-24 cells in culture where resveratrol inhibits induction with an IC50 of 8.8 &amp;#xb5;M, we now report potential metabolites demonstrate greater activity [tetrabutylammonium (E)-4-(3,5-dihydroxystyryl)phenyl sulfate (IC50 1.2 &amp;#xb5;M),  resveratrol tripotassium 3,5,4&amp;#x27;-trisulfate (IC50 1.8  &amp;#xb5;M), resveratrol tripotassium 3,4&amp;#x27;-disulfate (IC50 1.8 &amp;#xb5;M), and resveratrol tripotassium 3,5-disulfate  (IC50 2.3 &amp;#xb5;M)]. Based on RT-PCR...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Chemistry; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6908/version/1

PharmGKB:  Capturing knowledge to catalyze pharmacogenomics research
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Russ B. Altman.
This is a powerpoint presentation made initially at the Cold Spring Harbor meeting on Pharmacogenomics, November 2006.  It discusses the PharmGKB (http://www.pharmgkb.org/) and how we are building a pipeline for annotation of knowledge.  In particular, we are focusing on pathway knowledge, &amp;#x22;Very important Pharmacogene&amp;#x22; annotations, and curation of the pharmacogenomics literature.  We are building an ontology-based system to capture and aggregate knowledge, for use by our curators.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/8/version/1

Metabolic Activity of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) on Glycemia and Leptinemia in Experimental Animals Fed a Cafeteria Diet
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Daniel Belluscio; Nestor Lago; Ezequiel Klimovsky; Maria Berdeal; Andrea Federico.
Objectives: To elucidate the relationship of hCG administration to glycemia, Non Esterified Fatty Acids (NEFA), leptin and adiponectin levels on experimental animals previously submitted to a cafeteria diet, and then to a Low Calorie Diet (LCD). Design: Forty-one rats were selected (21 females, 20 males) and divided into seven (0-6) groups. Animals from groups 1 to 6 were fed a &amp;#x22;cafeteria diet&amp;#x22; with a mean energy content of 10% protein, 30% carbohydrate and 60% fat. Animals from group 0 were fed the standard laboratory diet. After the fattening period, animals from groups 1 to 6 were submitted to a restricted diet consisting of one-third the average daily intake for rats. hCG was administered for five weeks according to a specific...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5781/version/1

Paclitaxel delivery by micro/nano encapsulation using layer-by-layer assembly
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Girish Kumar Gupta; Vikas Jain; Prabhat Ranjan Mishra.
A novel formulation of paclitaxel (PTX) has been developed by providing multilayer assembly over drug loaded porous CaCO3 microparticles (CaCO3 MP) using combination of biocompatible and biodegradable polyelectrolytes (PE&amp;#x2019;s). PTX was encapsulated into the nanopores of preformed CaCO3 MP prepared by the co-precipitation method. Infrared (IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) provides evidences that PTX has been encapsulated into nanopores of CaCO3 MP and not crystallized on the surface. PTX loaded CaCO3 MP (CaCO3-PTX) was found to be highly stabilized against thermal decomposition as evinced by thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) indicating decomposition at 600&amp;#xb0;C and 250&amp;#xb0;C for CaCO3-PTX and PTX respectively. The multilayer assembly over...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2812/version/1

In silico Genetic Network Models for &amp;#xb;Pre-clinical Drug Prioritization
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jianghui Xiong; Juan Liu; Simon Rayner; Ze Tian; Yinghui Li; Shanguang Chen.
The high rates of failure in oncology drug clinical trials highlight the problems of using pre-clinical data to predict the clinical effects of drugs. Patient population heterogeneity and unpredictable physiology complicate pre-clinical cancer modeling efforts. We hypothesize that gene networks associated with cancer outcome in heterogeneous patient populations could serve as a reference for identifying drug effects. Here we propose a novel in vivo genetic interaction which we call &amp;#x2018;synergistic outcome determination&amp;#x2019; (SOD), a concept similar to &amp;#x2018;Synthetic Lethality&amp;#x2019;. SOD is defined as the synergy of a gene pair with respect to cancer patients&amp;#x27; outcome, whose correlation with outcome is due to...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5343/version/1

Screening of certain Ayurvedic plants extracts against E. turcicum
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Kaushal Kumar Bhati; R. Prasad; Rajesh Singh.
The use of chemicals against pathogens is environmentally dangerous, so use of natural inhibitors for disease management is needed. In this work we screen botanical extracts from ayurvedic plants for their antifungal properties against economically important plant fungal pathogen. As a test fungal pathogen, we select E. turcicum, a potent fungal pathogen responsible for Northern leaf corn blight of Maize. This fungal pathogen was challenged by the leaf extract prepared from certain Ayurvedic plants and these observations have shown a promising future in biocontrol of fungus by using such environmentally friendly&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;antifungal agents.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Microbiology; Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6199/version/1

Intra-mammary single infusion of casein hydrolyzate in dairy cows as alternative dry period treatment: Curing bacterial infection and increasing milk yield in the subsequent lactations
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Nissim Silanikove; Shamay Yacoby; Gabriel Leitner.
Conclusions: This study sustain previous results that treatment with CNH is a powerful mean to eradicated bacterial infection, and strongly highlight the potential of this method to serve as a viable non-antibiotic dry cow therapy treatment. The increase in milk yield is a valuable bonus and its effectiveness is comparable with that achieved with growth hormone treatment, albeit in much simple mode of treatment and without the problematic of hormonal treatment.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Microbiology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2130/version/1

Capsaicin protects neuromuscular junctions from the inhibitory effects of botulinum neurotoxin A
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Baskaran Thyagarajan; Carmen Garcia; Joseph Potian; Natalia Krivitskaya; Kormakur Hognason; Joseph McArdle.
Within 24 hrs after injecting botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) into the hindlimb, mice lost the toe spread reflex and developed progressive muscle weakness. At the same time, the compound muscle action potential amplitude decreased. Injection of capsaicin before BoNT/A significantly reduced these affects and protected the muscle twitch tension of the Extensor digitorum longus (EDL) nerve muscle preparation. Acute in vitro exposure of isolated nerve muscle preparations, as well as Neuro 2a cells, to capsaicin prevented uptake of Alexa 647 BoNT/A. Motor nerve endings as well as Neuro 2a cells express the capsaicin receptor, a transient receptor potential channel of the vanilloid family (TRPV1). Capsaicin as well as disruption of clathrin coated pits (CCPs)...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2717/version/1

Apoptotic gene expression in neuropathic pain
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Dario Siniscalco; Catia Giordano; Carlo Fuccio; Livio Luongo; Annalucia Migliozzi; Francesco Rossi; Sabatino Maione.
Pain initiated or caused by a primary lesion or dysfunction in the nervous system is defined as neuropathic pain. It results from direct injury to nerves in the peripheral or central nervous system and is associated with several clinical symptoms. Neuropathic pain treatment is extremely difficult, as it is a very complex disease, involving several molecular pathways. Excitatory or inhibitory pathways controlling neuropathic pain development show altered gene expression, caused by peripheral nerve injury.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;This study used several experimental pain models to demonstrate the occurrence of programmed cell death in the centers controlling pain induction and maintenance, such as spinal cord and pre-frontal cortex. We combined behavioural,...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1549/version/1

11[beta]-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-type 2 evolved from an ancestral 17[beta]-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-type 2
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Michael E. Baker.
11[beta]-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type-2 (11[beta]-HSD2) regulates the local concentration of cortisol that can activate the glucocorticoid receptor and mineralocorticoid receptor, as well as the concentration of 11-keto-testosterone, the active androgen in fish.  Similarly, 17[beta]-HSD2 regulates the levels of testosterone and estradiol that activate the androgen receptor and estrogen receptor, respectively.  Interestingly, although human 11[beta]-HSD2 and 17[beta]-HSD2 act at different positions on different steroids, these enzymes are paralogs.  Despite the physiological importance of 11[beta]-HSD2 and 17[beta]-HSD2, details of their origins and divergence from a common ancestor are not known.  An opportunity to understand their evolution is...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Developmental Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4649/version/1

Gender effects on cytidine analogue metabolism and myelodysplastic syndrome treatment outcomes
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Reda Mahfouz; Ania Jankowska; Quteba Ebrahem; Zhenbo Hu; Pramod Terse; Joseph Covey; Kenneth Chan; Yonghua Ling; Kory Engelke; Mikkael Sekeres; Ramon Tiu; Jaroslaw Maciejewski; Tomas Radivoyevitch; Yogen Saunthararajah.
In vivo, half-lives of cytidine analogues such as 5-azacytidine and decitabine, used to treat myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), are determined largely by cytidine deaminase (CDA), an enzyme that rapidly metabolizes these drugs into inactive uridine counterparts. Genetic factors influence CDA activity, and hence, could impact 5-azacytidine/decitabine levels and efficacy, a possibility requiring evaluation. Using an HPLC assay, plasma CDA activity was confirmed to be decreased in individuals with the CDA SNP A79C. More interestingly, there was an even larger decrease in females. Explaining the decrease in enzyme activity, liver CDA expression was significantly lower in female versus male mice. As expected, decitabine plasma levels, measured by...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6971/version/1

Translational Oncogenomics and Human Cancer Interactome Networks:
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu.
An overview of translational, human oncogenomics, transcriptomics and cancer interactomic networks is presented together with basic concepts and potential, new applications to Oncology and Integrative Cancer Biology. Novel translational oncogenomics research is rapidly expanding through the application of advanced technology, research findings and computational tools/models to both pharmaceutical and clinical problems. A self-contained presentation is adopted that covers both fundamental concepts and the most recent biomedical, as well as clinical, applications. Sample analyses in recent clinical studies have shown that gene expression data can be employed to distinguish between tumor types as well as to predict outcomes. Potentially important applications...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6190/version/1

Neuronal plasticity: cell-based strategy for target identification and validation
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ana Mingorance-Le Meur; Timothy P. O&amp;#x27;Connor.
While growing neurites are relatively plastic during development, their plasticity levels drop rapidly as neurons mature and become integrated into neuronal networks. As a consequence, the central nervous system ability to reorganize itself in response to injury or disease is insufficient. One of the main limitations for the design of therapeutic strategies to enhance neurite sprouting following neurological diseases is our poor understanding of the mechanisms underlying neurite structural plasticity. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;To overcome this limitation, we have implemented a strategy to identify, characterize and validate the most therapeutically relevant drug targets to modulate neuronal plasticity. This strategy is based on the hypothesis...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2780/version/1

Frizzled Proteins are bona fide G Protein-Coupled Receptors
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Vladimir L. Katanaev; Silke Buestorf.
Receptors of the Frizzled family initiate Wnt ligand-dependent signaling controlling&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;multiple steps in organism development and highly conserved in evolution.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Misactivation of the Wnt/Frizzled signaling is cancerogenic. Frizzled receptors&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;launch several signaling cascades: the canonical pathway regulating beta-catenin-dependent transcription; the planar cell polarity pathway polarizing the&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;cytoskeleton within the epithelial plane; and the calcium pathway. Frizzled&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;receptors possess seven transmembrane domains and their signaling depends on&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;trimeric G proteins in various organisms. However, Frizzleds constitute a&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;distinct group within the G...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Developmental Biology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2765/version/1

Transcriptomic analysis implicates ribosomal and energy metabolic pathways in antiepileptic drug action in a Drosophila model
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Priyanka Singh; Farhan Mohammad; Abhay Sharma.
Mechanisms of long term action of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), used in treating epilepsy and many other neurological and psychiatric disorders, are poorly understood. Recently, a novel Drosophila transcriptomic model of locomotor plasticity induced by chronic pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), a chemoconvulsant commonly used to model epileptogenesis and test AEDs in rodents, has been described. In this model, two of the five AEDs tested, sodium valproate (NaVP) and levetiracetam (LEV), not ethosuximide (ETH), gabapentin (GBP) and vigabatrin (VGB), ameliorate development of chronic PTZ induced locomotor alteration. Here, we describe transcriptomic effect of the AEDs in the fly model. Singular treatment with ETH, GBP and VGB in general caused downregulation of genes....
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3396/version/1

Investigating prostate cancer tumour-stroma interactions - clinical and biological insights from an evolutionary game
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: David Basanta; Jacob G. Scott; Mayer N. Fishman; Gustavo E. Ayala; Simon W. Hayward; Alexander R. A. Anderson.
BACKGROUND: Tumours are made up of a mixed population of different types of cells that include normal structures as well as ones associated with the malignancy, and there are multiple interactions between the malignant cells and the local microenvironment. These intercellular interactions, modulated by the microenvironment, effect tumour progression and represent a largely under appreciated therapeutic target. We use observations of primary tumor biology from prostate cancer to extrapolate a mathematical model: specifically; it has been observed that in prostate cancer three disparate cellular outcomes predominate: (i) the tumour remains well differentiated and clinically indolent - in this case the local stromal cells may act to restrain the growth of the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6385/version/1

QSAR studies on Withanolide analogs for anticancer activity
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Dharmendra Kumar  Yadav; Feroz  Khan; Rajender S.  Sangwan.
Withanolides are a group of pharmacologically active compounds present in most prodigal amounts in roots and leaves of Withania somnifera (Indian ginseng), one of the most important medicinal plants of Indian systems of medicine. Withanolides are basically steroidal lactones (highly oxygenated C-28 phytochemicals) and similar to ginsenosides activity. Some of the withanolides that have been reported possess immunomodulatory, and anticancer activities. In the present investigation, a quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) model based on forward stepwise multiple linear regression (MLR) has been developed against the MCF7, MCF7/BUS, and SK-Br-3 human solid tumor breast cancer cell lines. Relationship correlation coefficient (r2) and cross...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Chemistry; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6617/version/1

Predictive Models of Insulin Resistance Derived from Simple Morphometric and Metabolic Measurements Related to Obesity in Baboons.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Alberto Chavez; Amalia Gastaldelli; Juan Carlos Lopez-Alvarenga; Rodolfo Guardado-Mendoza; Michelle Leland; M. Elizabeth Tejero; GianPio Sorice; Alberto Davalli; Raul Bastarrachea; Anthony Comuzzie; Ralph DeFronzo; Franco Folli.
Non-human primates are valuable models for the study of insulin resistance and human obesity. In baboons, insulin sensitivity levels can be evaluated directly with the euglycemic clamp and is highly predicted by adiposity, metabolic markers of obesity and impaired glucose metabolism (i.e. percent body fat by DXA and hemoglobin A1C). However, a simple method to screen and identify obese insulin resistant baboons for inclusion in interventional studies is not available. We characterized a population of obese nondiabetic, insulin resistant baboons using the euglycemic clamp technique and used a multivariate linear regression analysis (after adjustment for gender) to test three different predictive models for insulin sensitivity. In the first model, abdominal...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2429/version/1

Protein folding disorders: Toward a basic biological paradigm
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rodrick Wallace.
Mechanistic &amp;#x27;physics&amp;#x27; models of protein folding fail to account for the observed spectrum of protein folding and aggregation disorders, suggesting that a more appropriately biological paradigm will be needed for understanding the etiology, prevention, and treatment of these diseases.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4344/version/1

A Study of the Mechanism of Action of Zervamicin IIB Peptide Antibiotic by Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Konstantin Shaitan; Olga V. Levtsova; Vladimir Makarov; Mikhail P. Kirpichnikov.
We model mechanism of action of a channel-forming peptide antibiotic, zervamicin IIB, by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Interaction of this peptide with neutral and negatively charged lipid bilayers is investigated. It is found that charge of membrane surface influences the orientation of zervamicin IIB molecule, that may in turn effect its permeation into the membrane. On this basis we propose modifications to ZrvIIB structure that may increase its affinity towards the prokaryotic cellular membrane. Zervamicin IIB transmembrane channels are modeled as bundles consisting of 4, 5 and 6 individual peptide monomers. Our results suggest that four monomers don&amp;#x2019;t form a stable water-filled ion channel. Thus the channel with the least number of...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3624/version/1

On the social induction of Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease: An index theorem aging model for amyloid formation
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rodrick Wallace; Deborah Wallace.
The central &amp;#x27;risk factor&amp;#x27; for Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease (AD) is age. From first principles, we construct a mathematical model of protein folding and its in vivo regulation that gives this result in a natural manner. We extend the basic approach using topological information theory methods, and examine a case history of socially-induced premature aging in the United States.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Developmental Biology; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6012/version/1

Cancer Clinical Trials Optimization and Pharmacogenomics
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu.
A critical overview of recent clinical trials in cancer is presented focused on signaling pathways blockers or inhibitors with a view to developing successful clinical trials employing personalized cancer therapies. Rational, pharmacogenomic strategies in cancer trials should be adopted that include specific molecular targeting based on adequate data for, and detailed modeling of, cancer cell genomes, modifications of cancer signaling pathways and epigenetic mechanisms. Novel translational oncogenomics research is rapidly expanding through the application of highly sensitive and specific advanced technology, research findings and computational tools and complex models to both pharmaceutical and clinical problems. Multiple sample analyses from several...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7046/version/1

In silico identification of potential inhibitors for human aurora kinase b
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Mahesh Babu G; Pradeep N.; Dibyabhaba  Pradhan; Manne  MuniKumar; Amineni  Umamaheswari.
Cell cycle progression through mitosis and meiosis involves regulation by serine/threonine kinases from the aurora family. Aurora kinase b (Aurkb) is mainly involved in the proper segregation of chromosomes during mitosis as well as meiosis. However, over expression of Aurkb leads to the unequal distribution of genetic information creating aneuploid cells, a hallmark of cancer. Thus, Aurkb can be used as an effective molecular target for computer-aided drug discovery against cancer. Existing Aurkb inhibitors are less efficient, hence an in silico work was carried out to identify novel potent inhibitors. Three published inhibitors azd1152, zm447439 and  N-(4-{[6-methoxy-7-(3-morpholin-4-ylpropoxy) quinazolin- 4-yl] amino} phenyl) benzamide were subjected to...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5458/version/1

Chronic cocaine enhances release of neuroprotective amino acid taurine: a microdialysis study
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Elena Yablonski-Alter; Mervan Agovic; Eleonora Gashi; Theodore Lidsky; Eitan Freedman; Shailesh Banerjee.
Cocaine inhibits high-affinity neurotransmitter uptake at the presynaptic nerve terminals to increase synaptic levels of dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin^1^. This increase of synaptic dopamine may cause neurotoxicity^2,3^. At least two different mechanisms have been proposed for the development of dopamine-related neurotoxicity: 1) dopamine produces a free radical that may induce cell toxicity^2,3^ and 2) dopamine reduces glutamate transport at its presynaptic sites to increase synaptic levels of this amino acid^4^ and augments glutamate transmission by activating dopamine D1 receptors in different areas of the brain^5-7^. Increase in glutamatergic transmission mediated by the activation on N-methyl dextro-aspartate (NMDA) receptors has been shown to...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2319/version/1

Drug Use During Antenatal Period at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Nargis Kureshee; Priti Dhande; Vijaya Pandit.
Objective- To assess current treatment practices and awareness of drug intake, in pregnant women, at a tertiary care hospital.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Methodology- Observational, cross-sectional study, involving interview with 60 pregnant women, in outpatient clinic and ward of Obstetrics-Gynaecology department. Data from prescriptions &amp;#x26; case-files also collected. Drugs were classified according to pharmacological class and teratogenic potential using U.S. FDA classification.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Results- Most commonly prescribed drugs were iron, folic acid and calcium supplements. Out of the total 215 drugs prescribed, majority were from Category A(70.2%) followed by Category B(18.6%),Category C(8.8%),Category-X(1.3%) and Category-D(0.9%). 26.6% women...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5424/version/1

Opposite effects of two zinc(II) dithiocarbamates on NF-kB pathway
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Boris Cvek; Zdenek Dvorak; Jan Taraba; Lukas Muller; Radim Vrzal; Jitka Ulrichova.
Inhibiting nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kB) activation in anticancer and antiinflammatory therapy is of topical interest. Current research in molecular biology has dramatically advanced in the understanding of the cellular events involved in NF-kB induction. Dithiocarbamates, in particular diethyldithiocarbamate and pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate, have been known and widely used as strong inhibitors of NF-kB signaling pathway for more than ten years. Their activity is frequently thought to be due to chelating of zinc or copper present in serum supplemented in the culture medium. Zinc(II) diethyldithiocarbamate (Et2Zn) and zinc(II) dibenzyldithiocarbamate (Bz2Zn) were prepared by direct synthesis in aqueous millieu. They were structurally characterized by X-ray...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Chemistry; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/735/version/1

Food Physical Chemistry and Biophysical Chemistry
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I.C. Baianu.
Food Physical Chemistry is considered to be a branch of Food Chemistry^1,2^ concerned with the study of both physical and chemical interactions in foods in terms of physical and chemical principles applied to food systems, as well as the applications of physical/chemical techniques and instrumentation for the study of foods^3,4,5,6^.  This field encompasses the &amp;#x22;physiochemical principles of the reactions and conversions that occur during the manufacture, handling, and storage of foods&amp;#x22;^7^. Two rapidly growing, related areas are Food Biotechnology and Food Biophysical Chemistry.  &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6573/version/1

Choice reveals that rats are majoritarily resilient to cocaine addiction
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Lauriane Cantin; Magalie Lenoir; Sarah Dubreucq; Fushia Serre; Caroline Vouillac; Serge H. Ahmed.
Assessing the relative reward value of cocaine and how it changes with repeated use represents a long-standing goal in addiction research. Surprisingly, recent experimental research in rats &amp;#x2013; the most frequently used animal model in the field &amp;#x2013; suggests that the reward value of cocaine may in fact be relatively weak at least in the majority of individuals. Here, we provide strong additional evidence that confirms and extends the validity and generality of this research. Specifically, we demonstrate that no matter how heavy is past cocaine self-administration, most rats value cocaine poorly and readily decide to quit when offered the opportunity of making a different choice (i.e., drinking water sweetened with saccharin, an otherwise...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3738/version/1

Antimicrobial and Phytochemical Analysis of Centella asiatica (L.)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ramar Perumal Samy; Vincent  TK Chow.
In vitro antibacterial studies were carried out using hexane, dichloromethane and methanol extract of leaves of Centella asiatica by disc-diffusion method against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The methanol and dichloromethane extracts of leaf showed a broad spectrum antibacterial activity. Thus the results substantiate the traditional usage of this plant as a medicine.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6033/version/1

_Drosophila_ and human transcriptomic data mining provides evidence for therapeutic mechanism of pentylenetetrazole in Down syndrome
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Abhay Sharma.
Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) has recently been found to ameliorate cognitive impairment in rodent models of Down syndrome (DS). The mechanism underlying PTZ&amp;#x2019;s therapeutic effect is however not clear. Microarray profiling has previously reported differential expression of genes in DS. No mammalian transcriptomic data on PTZ treatment however exists. Nevertheless, a _Drosophila_ model inspired by rodent models of PTZ induced kindling plasticity has recently been described. Microarray profiling has shown PTZ&amp;#x2019;s downregulatory effect on gene expression in fly heads. In a comparative transcriptomics approach, I have analyzed the available microarray data in order to identify potential mechanism of PTZ action in DS. I find that transcriptomic...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4330/version/1

Analysis of circadian pattern reveals tissue-specific alternative transcription in leptin signaling pathway
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Andrey Ptitsyn; Jeffrey Gimble.
*Background*&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;It has been previously reported that most mammalian genes display a circadian oscillation in their baseline expression. Consequently, the phase and amplitude of each component of a signal transduction cascade has downstream consequences. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;*Results*&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;We report our analysis of alternative transcripts in the leptin signaling pathway which is responsible for the systemic regulation of macronutrient storage and energy balance. We focused on the circadian expression pattern of a critical component of the leptin signaling system, suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3). On an Affymetrix GeneChip 430A2 microarray, this gene is represented by three probe sets targeting different...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/858/version/1

Desynchronization of pathological low-frequency brain activity by the hypnotic drug zolpidem.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Stephen D. Hall; Naoki Yamawaki; Alison E. Fisher; Ralf P. Clauss; Gavin L. Woodhall; Ian M. Stanford.
Reports of the beneficial effects of the hypnotic imidazopyridine, zolpidem, described in persistent vegetative state^1, 2^ have been replicated recently in brain-injured and cognitively impaired patients^3-7^. Previous single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) studies have suggested that sub-sedative doses of zolpidem increased regional cerebral perfusion in affected areas^5, 8^, implying enhanced neuronal metabolic activity; which has led to speculation that zolpidem &amp;#x27;reawakens&amp;#x27; functionally dormant cortex. However, a neuronal mechanism by which this hypnotic drug affords benefits to brain injured patients has yet to be demonstrated. Here, we report the action of sub-sedative doses of zolpidem on neuronal network oscillatory...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1966/version/1

Safety evaluation of Asparagus racemosus: a commonly used herb of Ayurvedic Medicine in Charles Foster rats
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Debabrata  Chanda; K Patider; Anirban  Pal; Suaib  Luqman; D U. Bawankule; D N. Mani; Narayan  P. Yadav.
Asparagus racemosus Willd., one of the most important medicinal plants, is regarded as a &amp;#x2018;rasayana&amp;#x2019; in the Ayurvedic system of medicine and has been recommended for use as a galactagogue, aphrodisiac, anodyne, diuretic and nerve tonic since time immemorial, necessitating its incorporation into a number of important Ayurvedic formulations like Shatavarikalpa, Phalaghrita and Vishnutaila. However, data regarding safety or toxicity of Asparagus racemosus in animal systems is lacking. Hence, the present experiment envisaged acute and sub-acute toxicity of Asparagus racemosus root aqueous extract in adult Charles Foster rats following the guidelines of OECD including parameters like observational, hematological, biochemical and...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6921/version/1

Cancer and the social induction of aging
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rodrick Wallace; Deborah Wallace.
Age has long been known as the primary population &amp;#x27;risk factor&amp;#x27; for cancer. We suggest that the observed disparities in hormonal cancers by ethnicity, gender, and other indices of social structure and power relationships, imply a differential aging by psychosocial and environmental exposures, in the context of cross-generational epigenetic heritage. A relatively simple model of malignancy regulation illuminates the cellular root of induced aging, and explains the decline in cancer rate with extreme old age via telomere shortening. We find that the multifactorial determinants of the disorder cannot be effectively addressed by &amp;#x27;small molecule&amp;#x27; interventions at the individual level, but must involve comprehensive prevention...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Immunology; Pharmacology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6146/version/1

A theory for the tissue specificity of BRCA1/2 related and other hereditary cancers
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bernard Friedenson.
Women who inherit a defective BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene have risks for breast and ovarian cancer that are so high and seem so selective that many mutation carriers choose to have prophylactic surgery.   There has been much conjecture to explain such apparently striking tissue specificity.  All these suggestions share the assumption that some disabled function of normal tumor suppressor genes leads to a tissue specific cancer response.  Here the idea is proposed and tested that major determinants of where BRCA1/2 hereditary cancers occur are related to tissue specificity of the cancer pathogen, the agent that causes chronic inflammation or the carcinogen.  The target tissue may have receptors for the pathogen, become selectively exposed to an inflammatory process...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4881/version/1

Dibutyltin Disrupts Glucocorticoid Receptor Function and Impairs Glucocorticoid-induced Suppression of Cytokine Production
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Christel Gumy; Charlie Chandsawangbhuwana; Anna A. Dzyakanchuk; Denise V. Kratschmar; Michael E. Baker; Alex Odermatt.
_Background_. Organotins are highly toxic and widely distributed environmental chemicals. Dibutyltin (DBT) is used as stabilizer in the production of polyvinyl chloride plastics, and it is also the major metabolite formed from tributyltin (TBT) _in vivo_. DBT is immunotoxic, however, the responsible targets remain to be defined. Due to the importance of glucocorticoids in immune-modulation, we investigated whether DBT could interfere with glucocorticoid receptor (GR) function.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;_Methodology_. We used HEK-293 cells transiently transfected with human GR as well as rat H4IIE hepatoma cells and native human macrophages and human THP-1 macrophages expressing endogenous receptor to study organotin effects on GR function. Docking of organotins was...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2312/version/1

Limiting effect of diazepam on Lewis lung carcinoma metastasis in anxious male mice
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Vasily N. Kaledin; Svetlana I. Ilnitskaya; Valery P. Nikolin; Nelly A. Popova; Dmitry A. Smagin; Natalia N. Kudryavtseva.
_Aim:_ It has been shown previously that chronic social defeat stress produces development of strong anxiety and increases intensity of experimental metastasis in the losers in comparison with the control mice. The question was: is it possible to decrease the number of metastases in the losers by chronic or acute diazepam treatment. _Materials and Methods._ Sensory contact model was used for generating male mice with repeated experience of social defeats or victories in daily agonistic interactions. Lewis Lung Carcinoma cells (LLC) were injected into the tail vein of animals after 10 days of agonistic interactions. Then mice were treated acutely or chronically (7 days) with diazepam (1 mg/kg, i.p). Number of metastases in the lung was calculated in 16 days...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2748/version/1

A novel Drosophila transcriptomic and behavioral model detects potassium chloride with therapeutic potential
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Farhan Mohammad; Priyanka Singh; Abhay Sharma.
In a newly described _Drosophila_ model, two of the five antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) tested, sodium valproate (NaVP) and levetiracetam (LEV), not ethosuximide (ETH), gabapentin (GBP) and vigabatrin (VGB), ameliorate development of chronic pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced locomotor alteration. To further characterize the model, we analyze here the microarray expression profile of heads of flies treated with depolarizing compound potassium chloride (KCl). Surprisingly, microarray clustering showed unexpected similarity among KCl, LEV and NaVP. Further, like the two effective AEDs in the fly model, KCl regulated genes overrepresented ribosomal pathway. Interestingly, KCl also ameliorated development of locomotor deficit in the chronic PTZ model. Both...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3429/version/1

Steroidal anti inflammatory drug betamethasone significantly alters level of striatal dopamine in a rat model of Parkinson&amp;#x2019;s disease
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Mehdi Shafiee Ardestani; Hasan Mehrab; Amin Geravand; Nasir Mohajer; Mostafa Saffari.
Many scientific efforts have been well done to investigate the effects of anti inflammatory agents on the degenerative brain diseases such as Parkinson&amp;#x2019;s (PD) or Alzheimer&amp;#x2019;s disease and their affiliated sings. Previously we showed the effectiveness of steroids on rigidity of PD and in the study for further mechanistic investigation of that observation the microdialysis technique was employed to determine the striatal dopamine changes in parkinsonian rats after administration of betamethasone (0.12, 0.24 mg/kg) respectively. Our findings showed us the significant increase in the striatal dopaminergic neurotransmission (P&amp;#x3c;0.05) after administration of betamethasone comparing to the controls. These observations suggest a new...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Immunology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2330/version/1

Antidiabetic, Anti-hyperlipidemic &amp;#x26; Hepatoprotective effect of a Polyherbal Unani formulation &amp;#x201c;Qurs Tabasheer&amp;#x201d; in STZ-diabetic wistar rats
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Danish  Ahmed; Manju Sharma; Alok  Mukerjee; Raja Kamal Kant; Vikas  Kumar.
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and hepatoprotective effect of a traditional unani formulation &amp;#x201c;Qurs Tabasheer&amp;#x201d; in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic wistar rats. Up until now, no study was undertaken to appraise the efficacy of &amp;#x201c;Qurs Tabasheer&amp;#x201d; in the diabetic rats. Qurs Tabasheer is a unani formulation restraining preparations from six various herbs namely Tukhme Khurfa (Portulaca oleracea seed), Gule Surkh (Rosa damascena flower), Gile armani (Arminium bole), Gulnar (Punica granatum flower), Tabasheer (Bambusa arundinasia dried exudate on node), Tukhme Kahu (Lactuca sativa Linn seed). The effect of Qurs Tabasheer was assessed in STZ (60 mg/kg, i.p...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7056/version/1

Creating a Translational Medicine Ontology
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Christine Denney; Colin Batchelor; Olivier Bodenreider; Sam Cheng; John Hart; John Hill; John Madden; Mark Musen; Elgar Pichler; Matthias Samwald; Sa&amp;#x301;ndor Szalma; Lynn Schriml; David Sedlock; Larisa Soldatova; Koji Sonoda; David Statham; Holger Stenzhorn; Patricia L. Whetzel; Elizabeth Wu; Susie Stephens.
*Abstract*&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;We, participants in the Translational Medicine Ontology activity of the World Wide Web Consortium&amp;#x2019;s Health Care and Life Sciences Interest Group (&amp;#x22;http://esw.w3.org/topic/HCLSIG&amp;#x22;:http://esw.w3.org/topic/HCLSIG) and members of the National Center for Biomedical Ontology (&amp;#x22;http://bioontology.org/&amp;#x22;:http://bioontology.org/), are developing a high-level, patient-centric ontology for translational medicine which will draw on existing domain ontologies and allow the integration of data throughout the drug development process.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;*Introduction*&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The pharmaceutical industry has historically focused on the development of novel blockbuster drugs....
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3686/version/1

A Drosophila systems model of withdrawal from chronic pentylenetetrazole relevant in post-epileptogenesis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Priyanka Singh; Farhan Mohammad; Abhay Sharma.
Rodent kindling induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) is an established model of epileptogenesis and antiepileptic drug (AED) testing. Recently, a Drosophila systems model has been described in which chronic PTZ causes a decreased climbing speed in adult males on 7th day. Some AEDs ameliorate development of this locomotor deficit. Time-series of microarray expression profiles of heads of flies treated with PTZ has been found to resemble transcriptomic alterations associated with epileptogenesis. In the fly model, withdrawal from seven day long PTZ treatment causes an increased climbing speed on 7th consequent day. Here, we present a systems model of the post-PTZ withdrawal regime. Unlike AED-untreated individuals, flies treated with any of the five AEDs...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3447/version/1

Optimization of the Ugi reaction using parallel synthesis and automated liquid handling
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jean-Claude Bradley; Khalid Mirza; Kevin Owens; Tom Osborne; Antony Williams.
The Ugi reaction has proved to be a convenient way to quickly create diverse libraries of compounds. It involves the reaction of an amine, an aldehyde, a carboxylic acid and an isonitrile typically in methanol at room temperature. The Ugi reaction has often been used as a tool in the synthesis of pharmacologically active molecules. It has been observed that Ugi products sometimes precipitate in pure form from the reaction mixture. This is a very fortunate outcome since the reaction can then be easily scaled up without requiring costly purification procedures such as chromatography. It would be most beneficial to optimize the Ugi product yield as obtained directly from filtering the reaction mixture without further treatment. To this end we utilized a...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2237/version/1

Screening of actinobacteria for antimicrobial activities by a modified &amp;#x22;Cross-Streak&amp;#x22; method
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Nandkumar Kamat; Sonashia Velho-Pereira.
New molecule discovery from natural sources, such as that of actinobacteria, has proved to be an interesting area in antibiotic research, as most of these antibiotics are difficult to synthesize. Out of 30 actinobacterial cultures screened for antimicrobial activity, 28 cultures were found to produce active products against various pathogenic microorganisms such as Gram-negative, Gram-positive bacteria and yeast, using a &amp;#x2018;modified cross streak method.&amp;#x27; The modified method helped in easy quantification of results and also in ruling out probable mutual antibiosis. 53%, 13% and 10% of tested actinobacterial strains belonging to Streptomyces, Micromonospora and Actinomadura genera, respectively, showed the ability of producing antimicrobial...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Immunology; Microbiology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6765/version/1

Systems Pharmacology
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ravi Iyengar.
The slides are from a presentation given by Professor Ravi Iyengar from Mount Sinai School of Medicine at the Drug Forum Meeting #9 that took place in Washington, DC on February 20-21, 2008. The slides describe two projects: one that was published last year, and the other unpublished. These projects used network analysis to explore the relationships between FDA approved drugs and a human protein-protein interaction network.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1749/version/1

Multidrug resistance of non-adherent cancer cells
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Navneet  Singh; Subhas Chakrabarty; Guangming Liu.
Metastases are the cause of 90% of human cancer deaths. Cancer in _situ_ can usually be effectively removed by surgery. Once cancer cells disseminate from the original site and start to circulate in blood, lymph, or other body fluids, the disease becomes almost incurable. Here we show that cancer cells in a non-adherent, 3-dimentional growth pattern are highly drug resistant compared to their adherent counterparts that grow in monolayer, attaching to the wall of tissue culture plates. The non-adherent cancer cells retain the adhering potential and can attach to an appropriate surface to reacquire adherent phenotype. Once the non-adherent cancer cells become attached, they regain drug response, similar to the original adherent cells. A significant increase...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4488/version/1

Investigations on biological activity of Vetiveria zizanioides L. Nash, a palingenesis of some important findings in miracle grass
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Suaib Luqman.
Vetiveria zizanioides L. Nash synonymously known as Chrysopogon zizanioides L. Roberty (Family: Poaceae/Graminae), widely cultivated in the tropical regions of the world, is a miraculous grass native to India first developed for soil and water conservation by the World Bank during mid 1980s. Popularly known as &amp;#x2018;KHUS&amp;#x2019;, it is the major source of the well-known oil of vetiver, which is used in medicine, cosmetics and in perfumery making agarbattis, soaps, soft drinks, pan masala. Being a major constituent of &amp;#x2018;Rasayana&amp;#x2019; in Ayurveda, different parts of the vetiver plant have traditionally been used by the Indian tribes for treating various ailments, diseases and disorders including boils, burns, epilepsy, fever,...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6904/version/1

NIR Calibrations for Soybean Seeds and Soy Food Composition Analysis: Total Carbohydrates, Oil, Proteins and Water Contents
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu; Jun Guo.
Conventional chemical analysis techniques are expensive, time consuming, and often destructive. The non-invasive Near Infrared (NIR) technology was introduced over the last decades for wide-scale, inexpensive chemical analysis of food and crop seed composition (see Williams and Norris, 1987; Wilcox and Cavins, 1995; Buning and Diller, 2000 for reviews of the NIR technique development stage prior to 1998, when Diode Arrays were introduced to NIR). NIR spectroscopic measurements obey Lambert and Beer&amp;#x2019;s law, and quantitative measurements can be successfully made with high speed and ease of operation. NIR has been used in a great variety of food applications. General applications of products analyzed come from all sectors of the food industry...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6611/version/1

Can Plant-Made Copper Chaperones Heal Early Alzheimer&amp;#x2019;s Disease?
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bernd Kastenholz; Basil Horst; J&amp;#xfc;rgen Horst.
Commercially available medicinal plant extracts such as Ginkgo biloba leaf extract show no consistent pattern of clinical benefit for people with dementia or cognitive impairment, and have been suggested to be toxic to cells at higher doses. However, medicinal plants may contain other more efficient bioactive molecules apart from the well-known flavonoids and terpenoids. Therapeutic recombinant proteins, plant-made copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase (CCS) derived from Ginkgo biloba leaves, may establish and maintain physiologic Cu levels through restoration and modulation of biometal metabolism in organ systems of younger Alzheimer patients (&amp;#x3e; 50 years). Medications developed from plant-made copper chaperone proteins may delay progression...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5907/version/8

Successful use of axonal transport for drug delivery by synthetic molecular vehicles
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Aaron G. Filler; Garth Whiteside; Mark Bacon; Martyn Frederickson; Franklyn A. Howe; Miri K. Rabinowitz; Alan J. Sokoloff; Terrence Deacon; Chris Abell; Raj Munglani; John R. Griffiths; B. Anthony Bell; Andrew Lever.
We report the use of axonal transport to achieve intraneural drug delivery. We constructed a novel tripartite complex of an axonal transport facilitator conjugated to a linker molecule bearing up to a hundred reversibly attached drug molecules. The complex efficiently enters nerve terminals after intramuscular or intradermal administration and travels within axonal processes to neuron cell bodies. The tripartite agent provided 100-fold amplification of saturable neural uptake events, delivering multiple drug molecules per complex. _In vivo_, analgesic drug delivery to systemic and to non-targeted neural tissues was greatly reduced compared to existing routes of administration, thus exemplifying the possibility of specific nerve root targeting and...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2164/version/1

The concentration of homocysteine-derived disulfides in human coronary artery
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Mauro Iuliano; Gaetano De Tommaso; Liberato Ciavatta; Raffaele Ragone.
*Background* &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Based on previous findings, we have estimated that, in injured coronary artery tissue, the low molecular weight disulfides homocystine and cysteine-homocysteine, otherwise identified as oxidized homocysteine equivalents (OHcyE), may achieve a total concentration that is higher than the aqueous solubility of homocystine at room temperature. In order to verify whether or not OHcyE could reach their saturation limit in the vascular tissue, we have measured the solubility of homocystine in physiological-like condition.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;*Materials and methods* &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The solubility of homocystine has been measured in aqueous sodium chloride solutions at 37 &amp;#xb0;C by differential pulse polarography...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1436/version/1

A Novel Thermodynamic Method For Quantifying Ligand-Receptor Interactions: The IC (1/3) Standard Vs IC (50)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Dr Sudarsan Prasad.
A method based on the Concentration Derivative Product (CDP) is proposed to analyze the thermodynamics of Drug-Receptor interactions. CDP is defined as the product of the fractional inhibition f and it&amp;#x2019;s concentration derivative. Assuming Michaelis-Menten kinetics, it is shown that for a number of drug-receptor systems (HIV protease, ACE, HMG-CoA, Opioid receptor inhibitors, etc.) f max  = 0.333, irrespective of the nature of bonding interactions and Ki.   The CDP max = [4 / ( 27 Ki ) ], and gives a measure of the drug potency directly. CDP also gives thermodynamic information about the ratio of the gradients of the inhibitor chemical potential in the free and bound states.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6006/version/1

The influence of different excipients and storage procedures on hCG (human Corionic Gonadotropin) as evidenced by spectrophotometry
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Daniel Oscar  Belluscio; Sergio Ariel Vaney.
Our studies concluded that changes in either PH, temperature, electrolytes, excipients, alcohol or silver modify the chemical structure of hCG as evidenced by UV-Spectrophotometry.
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5919/version/1

Tuning and regulating the repertoire of glycan determinants
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rodrick Wallace; Deborah Wallace.
We apply Tlusty&amp;#x27;s information-theoretic index theorem analysis of the genetic code to the glycome, using a cognitive paradigm by which external information sources constrain and tune the glycan code error network, in the context of available metabolic energy. The model suggests spontaneous symmetry breaking of the glycan code as a function of metabolic energy intensity, an effect that may be currently present, or embedded in evolutionary trajectory, recording large-scale ecosystem resilience shifts in energy availability such as the aerobic transition. Once focused on a subset of the glycan error code network however, the glycan production machinery must then be regulated by an elaborate cognitive process to ensure that what is produced matches...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Developmental Biology; Ecology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5932/version/2

Studies on the Accumulation of Chromium in Fenugreek
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Xanthate D S; Murthy Ch V R; Rajan S C S; Sekhar D M R.
Studying Cr uptake by Fenugreek, we note that the maximum concentration of Cr takes place in the shells of the pods followed by leaves, stems and seeds in that order. Interestingly, applied higher doses of Cr does not increase accumulation of Cr in the stems, rather Cr content in the stems levels off. However, the maximum dispersal/distribution of Cr taken up is in the leaves.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6763/version/1

Development of Novel Calibrations for FT-NIR Analysis of Protein, Oil, Carbohydrates and Isoflavones in Foods
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I Baianu; Jun Guo.
The development of calibration methodology for novel FT-NIRS analysis of soybean-based foods is presented together with high-precision NIRS spectra and composition measurements in terms of proteins, oil and carbohydrates in soybean-based foods/soy foods.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6317/version/1

Current status of herbal and their future perspectives
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ramar Perumal  R. Samy; Ponnampalam Gopalakrishnakone.
Traditional medicine is the synthesis of therapeutic experience of generations of practicing physicians of indigenous systems of medicine. Throughout the history of mankind, many infectious diseases have been treated with herbals. The traditional medicine is increasingly solicited through the tradipractitioners and herbalists in the treatment of infectious diseases. Among the remedies used, plant drugs constitute an important part. A number of scientific investigations have highlighted the importance and the contribution of many plant families i.e. Asteraceae, Liliaceae, Apocynaceae, Solanaceae, Caesalpinaceae, Rutaceae, Piperaceae, Sapotaceae used as medicinal plants. Medicinal plants play a vital role for the development of new drugs (export and import...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1176/version/1

Performance of the ALOGPS 2.1 program for octanol-water partition coefficient prediction with organic chemicals on the Canadian Domestic Substances List
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sierra Rayne; Kaya Forest.
The KOWWIN and ALOGPS octanol-water partition coefficient (K~ow~) estimation software programs were compared for their capacity to accurately predict log K~ow~ values of 1545 organic compounds on the publicly available Domestic Substances List (DSL) from Environment Canada for which experimental data is available. Approximately equivalent log K~ow~ error statistics were observed between KOWWIN and ALOGPS against available experimental data. Substantial predictive differences were observed between the two programs for 6529 compounds not having experimental K~ow~ data on the Canadian DSL. Predictive differences of up to 40 log K~ow~ units were found between KOWWIN and ALOGPS, and in some cases, the discrepancies were sufficiently large that strongly opposing...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Pharmacology; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3882/version/2

Genetic and Immune Predictors for Hypersensitivity Syndrome to Antiepileptic Drugs
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Manuela G. Neuman; Radu M. Nanau; Lawrence Cohen; Paul A. Hwang.
Hypersensitivity syndrome reactions (HSR) to antiepileptic drugs (AED) are associated with severe clinical cutaneous adverse reactions (SCAR).Our aims are: to assess HSRs to AEDs using the in vitro lymphocyte toxicity assay (LTA) in patients who manifested HSRs clinically, to correlate LTA results with the clinical syndrome, to correlate LTA results with the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) allele B*1502 (HLA-B*1502) positivity in a Han Chinese-Canadian population, and to determine the cytokine network in this population. HSR patients developed fever and cutaneous eruptions in the presence or absence of organ involvement within 8 weeks of exposure to carbamazepine (CBZ), phenytoin (PHY) or lamotrigine (LTG). Control patients received AEDs without presenting...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6477/version/1

Side effect profile prediction - Tackling Big Pharma&amp;#x27;s worst nightmare at an early stage
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Josef Scheiber.
This talk presents a method that predicts adverse side effects for molecules based on the chemical structure only. Also, targets for the compounds are predicted. Therefore it becomes possible to link a certain side effect to the interaction with a certain target through molecular space. Examples are given in the talk.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1239/version/1

Aging-associated Alteration in the Cardiac MIF-AMPK Cascade in Response to Ischemic Stress
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Heng Ma; Jingying Wang; Erin Lane; Lin Leng; Wenkui Wang; Jun Ren; Richard Bucala; Ji Li.
An important role for a macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF)-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway in ameliorating myocardial damage following ischemia/reperfusion has been described. An aging-associated reduction in AMPK activity may be associated with a decline in the ability of cardiac cells to activate the MIF-AMPK cascade, thereby resulting in reduced tolerance to ischemic insults. To test this hypothesis, _in vivo_ regional ischemia was induced by occlusion of the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery in young (4-6 months) and aged (24-26 months) mice. The ischemic AMPK activation response was impaired in aged hearts compared to young ones (p&amp;#x3c;0.01). Notably, cardiac MIF expression in aged hearts was lower...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2466/version/1

In silico designing of activator for human IGF2 protein for effective cardiovascular disease therapeutics
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: M Sandhya rani; Manne  Munikumar; Amineni  Umamaheswari.
Insulin like growth factor-II (IGF2) is a member of IGF family, the main role of IGF2 is as a growth hormone during gestation or fetal development. Ischematic stroke, atherosclerosis and pathological cardiac hypertrophy are associated with low circulating levels of IGF2. 5-aza-2&amp;#x2019;-deoxycytidine increases the activity of IGF2, due to high toxicity of 5aza2&amp;#x2019;deoxycytidine, some silenced genes are also expressed that cause various cancer diseases. In the present study an in silico approach was used to design the potential activator for IGF2 without side effects to treat cardiovascular diseases. Ligand binding sites were predicted using CASTp for drug target. 361 ligand analogs for 5-aza-2&amp;#x2019;-deoxycytidine were identified through...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6558/version/1

A novel _Drosophila_ post-genomic CNS drug discovery model detects tetraethylammonium chloride with therapeutic potential
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Priyanka Singh; Farhan Mohammad*; Abhay Sharma.
A _Drosophila_ behavioral and transcriptomic model of locomotor plasticity induced by chronic pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) has recently been developed. In this model, two of the five antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) tested, sodium valproate (NaVP) and levetiracetam (LEV), not ethosuximide (ETH), gabapentin (GBP) and vigabatrin (VGB), ameliorate development of chronic PTZ induced locomotor alteration. Transcriptomic effect of the AEDs and PTZ in fly head has been described. Here, we analyze microarray expression profile of heads of flies treated with the convulsants tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA) and pilocarpine hydrochloride (PILO). Strikingly, microarray clustering placed TEA, not PILO, with LEV and NaVP in one group that was distinct from the other one...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3418/version/1

Prehistoric psychotropic consumption in Andean Chilean mummies
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Juan P. Ogalde; Bernardo T. Arriaza; Elia Soto.
Hallucinogenic plants are often regarded as the main source of psychoactive drugs in antiquity to reach deep altered states of consciousness^1,2^. Many researchers believe this was particularly true during the Tiwanaku empire expansion, circa (500-1000 A.D.), along the Atacama Desert of Chile. Highly decorated snuffing tablets and tubes are often found as grave goods during this period^3,4,5,6,7,8^. Until now the type of drugs consumed in this paraphernalia has been unclear. From the modern city of Arica, naturally mummified human bodies with abundant hair provided a unique opportunity to test for hallucinogenic plants consumed in Andean prehistory. Analysis by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry demonstrated the presence of harmine. The...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1368/version/1

Dynamic Topology of Biological Networks
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ravi Iyengar.
The mammalian cell can be represented as a large modular network that consists of a central signal network that interacts with and regulates multiple cellular machines that are responsible for phenotypic behavior.  We have used graph-theory approaches to analyze signal flow through a network representing the hippocampal neuron and find that signal-induced connectivity results in the formation of many regulatory motifs. Information flow through the central signaling network is initiated by extra-cellular signals such as hormones binding to their receptors. The flow of information through the signaling network results in the appearance of regulatory motifs such as feedback loops, feedforward and bifan motifs. Within the large cellular networks, these...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/24/version/1

Virtual screening to design drug molecules for human proto oncogene Fyn kinase
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Manne Mannekumar; Pasupuleti Sravana lakshmi; Ikkurthi  Vani Priyadarshini; Dibyabhaba Pradhan; Amineni Umamaheswari.
Human Fyn tyrosine kinase, a Src-family enzyme plays a pivotal role in the integrin mediated cell signaling pathway and is known to interact with several molecular signals including FAK and paxillin that accounts for morphogenic transformation leading to cancer. The present study was aimed to design a persuasive inhibitor for Fyn kinase. The crystal structure was optimized and energy minimized applying OPLS2001 force field in Maestro v9.0. The inhibitor binding site residues such as LEU-17, GLY-18, ASN-19, VAL-25, ALA-37, LYS-39, GLU-54, THR-82, GLU-83, TYR-84, MET-85, GLY-88, ALA-134, ASN-135, LEU-137, and ASP-148 were located from the Fyn kinase co-crystal structure with staurosporine. Three published inhibitors (staurosporine, Rosmarinic acid and...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6108/version/1

Toxicological Assessment of Herbal Medicine in Rats
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ramar Perumal Samy; Vincent  TK Chow.
Protein profiles analysis of liver, kidney and spleen by SDS-PAGE in aqueous leaf extract of Tragia involucrata L. (Euphorbiaceae) was injected intraperitoneally in albino rats for 30 days. The variation of protein changes was recorded. In liver, the aqueous leaf extracts treated (1500 mg/kg body/weight) group did not exhibit a marked increase in any of the polypeptides over control. But in the case of other treatments (250, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg body weight doses) the profile showed significant increases in the accumulation of all polypeptides that were quantified using densitometry. This concludes that the aqueous leaf extract influenced the accumulation of polypeptide in higher concentration. Extra polypeptides may be responsible for the protective...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6026/version/1

Inositol-Related Gene Knockouts Mimic Lithium&amp;#x27;s Effect on Mitochondrial Function
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Galila Agam; RH Belmaker; Dieder  Moechars; Vered Chalifa-Caspi; Yuly Bersudsky; Inbar Plaschkes; Lilach Toker; Gerard Berry.
Bipolar-disorder, characterized by switches between depressive and manic mood, is treated by mood-stabilizers, lithium being one of them. Among hypotheses suggested, the inositol-depletion hypothesis proposes that lithium attenuates hyperactivation of phosphatidylinositol signaling linked to neurotransmission-related receptors.Available for us are knockout-mice of two genes (IMPA1 or Slc5a3) each encoding for a protein related to inositol metabolism. We previously characterized these mice as exhibiting lithium-like neurochemical and behavioral phenotype. We performed a DNA-microarray study searching for pathways commonly affected by chronic lithium treatment and by the knockout of each of the genes. Here we show up-regulation of mitochondrial function in...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6318/version/1

Discovery of multiple lead compounds as M2 inhibitors through the focused screening of a small primary amine library.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Wenhui Hu; Shaogao Zeng; Chufang Li; Yanling Jie; Zhiyuan Li; Ling Chen.
The discovery of new anti-influenza drugs is urgent, particularly considering the recent threat of swine flu. In this study, the influenza virus M2 protein was expressed in HEK293 cells and shown to have selective ion channel activity for monovalent ions. The anti-influenza virus drug amantadine hydrochloride significantly attenuated the inward current induced by hyperpolarization of HEK293 cell membranes. Although adamantine derivatives are the only M2 drugs for influenza virus A, their use is limited in the US due to drug resistance. Here we report the discovery of multiple M2 inhibitor lead compounds that were rapidly generated through focused screening of a small primary amine library. The screen was designed using a scaffold-hopping strategy based on...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3688/version/1

Gender differences in a Drosophila transcriptomic model of chronic pentylenetetrazole induced behavioral deficit
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Abhay Sharma; Farhan Mohammad; Priyanka Singh.
A male Drosophila model of locomotor deficit induced by chronic pentylenetetrazole (PTZ), a proconvulsant used to model epileptogenesis in rodents, has recently been described. Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) ameliorate development of this behavioral abnormality. Time-series of microarray profiling of heads of male flies treated with PTZ has shown epileptogenesis-like transcriptomic perturbation in the fly model. Gender differences are known to exist in neurological and psychiatric conditions including epileptogenesis. We describe here the effects of chronic PTZ in Drosophila females, and compare the results with the male model. As in males, chronic PTZ was found found to cause a decreased climbing speed in females. In males, overrepresentation of Wnt, MAPK,...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3460/version/1

Chromobacterium violaceum ATCC12472: Multi-drug and ethidium bromide resistant
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Cristiana G. O. Dal&amp;#x27;Molin; Regina V. Ant&amp;#xf4;nio; Luismar M. Porto.
_Chromobacterium violaceum_ is an opportunistic human pathogen causing a range of gastric infections and occasionally septicemia. This Gram-negative bacillus is a common inhabitant of soil and water in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. Infection occurs after contamination of damaged skin exposed to soil or environmental water. Alternatively, systemic infection can follow the aspiration or ingestion of contaminated water. The major features of infections by _C. violaceum_ are, in generally, rapid clinical course, multiple visceral abscesses, and high mortality. Genomic data on the type strain ATCC 12472 has provided a comprehensive basis for detailed studies of pathogenicity, virulence and drug resistance genes. In this study, the susceptibility...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3366/version/1

Biological Activities of Extracts from Sumac (Rhus spp.): A Review
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sierra Rayne; Giuseppe Mazza.
Sumac is the common name for a genus (Rhus) that contains over 250 individual species of flowering plants in the family Anacardiaceae. These plants are found in temperate and tropical regions worldwide, often grow in areas of marginal agricultural capacity, and have a long history of use by indigenous peoples for medicinal and other uses. The research efforts on sumac extracts to date indicate a promising potential for this plant family to provide renewable bioproducts with the following reported desirable bioactivities: antifibrogenic, antifungal, antiinflammatory, antimalarial, antimicrobial, antimutagenic, antioxidant, antithrombin, antitumorigenic, antiviral, cytotoxic, hypoglycaemic, and leukopenic. As well, the bioactive components can be extracted...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/631/version/1

Functional presynaptic [alpha]6-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors participate in nicotine reward in the VTA: where and how
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Kechun Yang; Lori Buhlman; Ming Gao; Ghous M. Khan; Robert A. Nichols; Jamie DeChon; Guozhang Jin; Paul Whiteaker; Ronald J. Lukas; Jie Wu.
In the ventral tegmental area (VTA), [alpha]6-nAChRs express abundantly, but their location, function, pharmacology, and roles in cholinergic modulation of dopaminergic (DA) neurons remain elusive. Using a VTA neuron-adherent bouton preparation, we report that functional [alpha]6-nAChRs are located on GABAergic presynaptic boutons, where they mediate cholinergic modulation of GABA release onto DA neurons. Smoking-relevant concentrations of nicotine desensitize [alpha]6-nAChRs, cause a disinhibition in DA neurons and consequently mediate nicotine reward.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2875/version/1

Lost in translation: Toward a formal model of multilevel, multiscale medicine
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rodrick Wallace.
For a broad spectrum of low level cognitive regulatory and other biological phenomena, isolation from signal crosstalk between them requires more metabolic free energy than permitting correlation. This allows an evolutionary exaptation leading to dynamic global broadcasts of interacting physiological processes at multiple scales. The argument is similar to the well-studied exaptation of noise to trigger stochastic resonance amplification in physiological subsystems. Not only is the living state characterized by cognition at every scale and level of organization, but by multiple, shifting, tunable, cooperative larger scale broadcasts that link selected subsets of functional modules to address problems. This multilevel dynamical viewpoint has implications...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Developmental Biology; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6973/version/1

Molecular Static and Dynamic Analyses reveal Flaw in Murine Model used by US FDA to Detect Drug Carcinogenicity
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Trevor Marshall.
The US FDA currently accepts carcinogenicity studies of pharmaceutical drugs based on murine models. In addition to 6 month studies with p53(+/-) and ras.H2 transgenic mice, lifetime studies (typically 2 years) in WT mice or rats are also considered as evidence that a drug lacks carcinogenic activity. This model is not always exhaustive. For example, during the acceptance testing of the ARB Olmesartan[1], possible carcinogenicity observed in hamsters was not able to be duplicated in rats, or in transgenic mice. We have previously used the static molecular modeling of AutoDock to demonstrate that Olmesartan has agonostic activity in the PDB:1DB1 model of the human VDR Nuclear Receptor[2], while it has antagonistic activity in the PDB:1RK3 model of the rat...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Immunology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/52/version/1

Structure Prediction and Functional Characterization of ERG Proteins Involved in Ergosterol Biosynthetic Pathway of Candida albicans
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sudeep  Roy; Suaib  Luqman; Ashok  Sharma.
The ERG proteins and enzymes of the ergosterol biosynthetic pathway has been the subject of intensive investigation as a target for several classes of antifungal agents used to treat C. albicans infection. Over the past few decades, a number of drugs and inhibitors with wide spectrum of activity, low toxicity and defined targets have been introduced. Several lines of evidence suggest that allylamines targets squalene epoxidase (ERG1), morpholines affects sterol C8-C7 isomerase (ERG2) and sterol reductase (ERG24), azoles inhibits a cytochrome P450 (ERG11) responsible for the 14 &amp;#x3b1;-demethylation of lanosterol and C-5 sterol desaturase (ERG3) and polyenes binds to ergosterol that leads to the damage of cell plasma membrane, ensuing in leakage of...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6709/version/1

A novel strategy for the targeted analysis of protein and peptide metabolites
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Nicholas A. Williamson; Charles Reilly; Chor-Teck Tan; Sri-Harsha Ramarathinam; Alun Jones; Christie L. Hunter; Francis R. Rooney; Anthony W. Purcell.
The detection and quantitation of exogenously administered biological macromolecules (e.g. vaccines, peptide and protein therapeutics) and their metabolites is frequently complicated by the presence of a complex endogenous mixture of closely related compounds. We describe a method that incorporates stable isotope labeling of the compound of interest allowing the selective screening of the intact molecule and all metabolites using a modified precursor ion scan. This method involves monitoring the low molecular weight fragment ions produced during MS/MS that distinguish isotopically labelled material from related endogenous compounds. All isotopically labelled substances can be selected using this scanning technique for further analysis whilst other...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Immunology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3812/version/1

Ajuvant effect of a Synthetic Aluminium - Magnesium Silicate on chloroquine phosphate, against Plasmodium berghei.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: madike ezeibe; obianuju obianuju Okoroafor; nnenna elendu-eleke; Augustine Ngene.
Abstract effect of a synthetic Aluminium - Magnesium Silicate (AMS) on antiplasmodial activity of chloroquine was tested. Plasmodium berghei-infected mice were treated with 7 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg and 3 mg/kg chloroquine, respectively. The two subgroups in each experiment were treated with chloroquine alone and with chloroquine in AMS respectively. Parasitaemia (%) of the group treated with 7 mg/kg was higher than that of the control. At 5 mg/kg, chloroquine treatment significantly reduced parasitaemia from 3.60 to 2.46 (P =0.01). Incorporating chloroquine in AMS significantly improved its ability to reduce P. berghei parasitaemia at 5 mgkg and at 3 mg/kg, from 2.46 0.21 to 1.57 0.25 (P = 0.01) and from 3.82 0.06 to 2.12 0.08 (P =0.01 ). It also increased...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6749/version/1

Molecular Bio-imprinting of Biocatalysts
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Israr  Khan; Muhammad Waheed Akhtar.
Energy conservation is the cry of the day. Attempts are made all over the world to occupy and use energy reserves. Increased industrialization and mechanization has led to the  depletion of natural energy reserves. Its unavoidable to search for renewable sources of energy, which may be not used now but can be used by future generations. We are using the expertise of our ancestors. Thus exploiting the nature and newer techniques in this area would yield the best results. Bio-imprinting is one of those techniques whereby chemical modification is done in order to achieve highly expressed protein which can be stored in its highly active form in the specific solvent.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Earth &amp; Environment; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5665/version/1

Without magic bullets: the biological basis for public health interventions against protein folding disorders
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rodrick Wallace.
Protein folding disorders of aging like Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s and Parkinson&amp;#x27;s diseases currently present intractable medical challenges. &amp;#x27;Small molecule&amp;#x27; interventions - drug treatments - often have, at best, palliative impact, failing to alter disease course. The design of individual or population level interventions will likely require a deeper understanding of protein folding and its regulation than currently provided by contemporary &amp;#x27;physics&amp;#x27; or culture-bound medical magic bullet models. Here, a topological rate distortion analysis is applied to the problem of protein folding and regulation that is similar in spirit to Tlusty&amp;#x27;s (2010a) elegant exploration of the genetic code. The formalism produces...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Developmental Biology; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4847/version/2

Examining the PM6 semiempirical method for pKa prediction across a wide range of oxyacids
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sierra Rayne; Kaya Forest; Ken J. Friesen.
The pK~a~ estimation ability of the semiempirical PM6 method was evaluated across a broad range of oxyacids and compared to results obtained using the SPARC software program. Compound classes under consideration included acetic acids, alicyclic and aromatic heterocyclic acids, benzoic acids, boronic acids, hydroxamic acids, oximes, peroxides, peroxyacids, phenols, &amp;#x3b1;-saturated acids, &amp;#x3b1;-saturated alcohols, sulfinic acids, &amp;#x3b1;-unsaturated acids, and &amp;#x3b1;-unsaturated alcohols. PM6 accurately predicts the acidity of acetic and benzoic acids and their derivatives, but is less reliable for alicyclic and aromatic heterocyclic acids and phenols. &amp;#x3b1;-Saturated acids are reliably modeled by PM6 except for polyacid...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Pharmacology; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2981/version/1

Gulf War Syndrome: A role for organophosphate induced plasticity of locus coeruleus neurons
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jun-li  Cao; Andrew L. Varnell; Donald C. Cooper.
Gulf War syndrome is a chronic multi-symptom illness that has affected about a quarter of the deployed veterans of the 1991 Gulf War. Exposure to prolonged low-level organophosphate insecticides and other toxic chemicals is now thought to be responsible. Chlorpyrifos was one commonly used insecticide. The metabolite of chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos oxon, is a potent irreversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, much like the nerve agent Sarin. To date, the target brain region(s) most susceptible to the neuroactive effects of chlorpyrifos oxon have yet to be identified. To address this we tested ability of chlorpyrifos oxon to influence neuronal excitability and induce lasting changes in the locus coeruleus, a brain region implicated in anxiety, substance...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6057/version/2

Integrative concept of homeostasis: translating physiology into medicine
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ivan Spasojevic.
To truly understand living systems they must be viewed as a whole. In order to achieve this and to come to some law to which living systems obey, data obtained on cells, tissues and organs should be integrated. Because there are no such laws yet, there is usually a long path for physiological findings obtained by reductionist approaches to be translated into medical practice. The concept and accompanying equations of homeostasis presented here are aimed to develop biological laws and to bridge this gap between physiology and medicine. The concept of homeostasis takes into account energy input and output, enlisting all relevant contributors. In homeostasis, input should equal the output. What I suggest here is that if the system is out of homeostasis, the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6741/version/1

Extending Tlusty&amp;#x27;s method to the glycome: Tuning the repertoire of glycan determinants
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rodrick Wallace; Deborah Wallace.
We apply Tlusty&amp;#x27;s information-theoretic analysis of the genetic code to the glycome, using a cognitive paradigm in which external information sources constrain and tune the glycan code error network, in the context of available metabolic energy. The resulting dynamic model suggests the possibility of observing spontaneous symmetry breaking of the glycan code as a function of metabolic energy intensity. These effects may be currently present, or embedded in evolutionary trajectory, recording large-scale ecosystem resilience shifts in energy availability such as the aerobic transition.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5932/version/1

Crinumin, a novel substitute of chymotrypsin, may control pancreatic insufficiency and inflammation: Purification and characterization
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Kunwar Awaneesh Singh; Chandan  Singh; G.R.K. Rao; M.V. Jagannatham.
Crinumin, a glycosylated serine protease with chymotrypsin like catalytic specificity was purified from a medicinally important plant _Crinum asiaticum_ of family _Amaryllidaceae_. Ethno-botanical information and Pharmacological studies confirming about the presence of active bio- molecules in the _Crinum_ played crucial role in injury, inflamed joint, local pain and arthritis. Biomedical research suggests chymotrypsin was not only used as digestive aid but also helpful in the above disease. These findings support towards the crinumin may be the active bio-molecule. Crinumin shows activity over a wide range of pH (4.5-11.5 and optimum at 8.5), temperature (75 &amp;#xb0;C and optimum at 70 &amp;#xb0;C) and is also functional against chaotrophs, organic...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4339/version/1

Inhaled Insulin: Intrapulmonary or Intranasal?
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Danish Ahmed; Sweta Kumari; Shruti Mishra; Shivangi Jaiswal.
Initial attempts delivered the insulin hormone intramuscularly, intravenously, and eventually subcutaneously. Other routes of administration of the drug were explored. These included oral, rectal, sublingual, buccal, transdermal, vaginal, intramuscular, intrapulmonary, and intranasal delivery systems. The purpose of these latter studies was to determine a noninjectable method to deliver insulin to patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes that would effectively lower blood sugar, control hemoglobin A1c (in much later studies), and allow patients a simpler, less invasive, and more direct control oftheir underlying disease process. &amp;#xb; In January 2006 the United States Food and Drug Administration approved Exubera (Pfizer Pharmaceuticals, New York, NY) as...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7115/version/1

Visual Molecular Dynamics Investigations of the Impact of Hydrophobic Nanoparticles on Prognosis  of Alzheimer&amp;#x2019;s Disease and Cancers
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu; M Charles; V. I. Prisecaru.
The possible impact of hydrophobic lectin nanoparticles on the prognosis and progression of Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease (AD) and cancers was investigated by Visual Molecular Dynamics (VMD) computer modeling programs available from the Beckmann Advanced Research Institute at the University of Illinois at Urbana. Our results indicate the possibility of impeding pathological aggregation of certain proteins such as modified tau- or beta-amyloid that are currently being considered as possible causes of Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease. VMD programs serve as useful tools for investigation hydrophobic protein aggregation that may play a role in aging of human populations.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7111/version/1

Microparticles specific for lung delivery: in-vivo drug distribution in monkeys
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rahul Verma; Amit Misra.
In spite of extensive research in tuberculosis (TB), it is still one of the major infectious diseases and cause of high mortality worldwide. To enhance efficacy with lower dosing, newer drug delivery systems has been developed which provide targeted drug delivery and controlled release at the primary site of infection, i.e., the lung macrophage. Our lab has previously reported poly(D, L-lactic acid) (PLA) microparticles containing rifabutin (RFB) and isoniazid (INH) for pulmonary delivery and explored various facets of treatment with microparticle DPI. We have utilized this dry powder aerosol drug delivery system to deposit drugs directly at the site of infection in lungs and have been investigating such DPI as a novel approach to increase therapeutic...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7061/version/1

The Calbindin-D28k binding site on inositol monophosphatase may allow inhibition independent of the lithium site of action
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Galila Agam; Miriam Eisenstein; Itshak Levi; Yael Askira; Orna Almog; Chaim Gilon; Amnon Hoffman; Yftah Talgan; Joseph Fanous.
Among numerous reported biochemical effects the lithium-inhibitable enzyme inositol-monophosphatase (IMPase) remains a viable target for lithium&amp;#x27;s therapeutic mechanism of action. Calbindin-D28k (calbindin) interacts with IMPase enhancing its activity. In the present study in silico modeling of IMPase-calbindin binding using the program MolFit indicated that the 55-66 amino acid segment of IMPase anchors calbindin via Lys59 and Lys61 with a glutamate in between (Lys-Glu-Lys motif). The model further suggested that the Lys-Glu-Lys motif interacts with residues Asp24 and Asp26 of calbindin. Indeed, we found that differently from wildtype calbindin, IMPase was not activated by mutated calbindin in which Asp24 and Asp26 were replaced by alanine....
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6323/version/1

Tumor necrosis factor and caspase in response to soluble or microparticle-incorporated drugs in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Awadh Bihari Yadav; Amit Misra.
We compared the effects of microparticles (MP) containig anti-tubercular drugs and those of the drugs themselves on the host macrophage (M&amp;#x3a6;) response to infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra (Mtb). &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Mice infected intravenously with M. tb. were either administered rifampicin and isoniazid by oral gavage or through inhalation of biodegradable MP containing the two anti-tubercular drugs. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was perfomed to recover lung M&amp;#x3a6;, which were cultured and the supernatant analysed for TNF&amp;#x3b1; by ELISA. The murine M&amp;#x3a6; cell line J774 or the human monocyte line THP-1 differentiated with phorbol myristate were infected in vitro and treated with MP or soluble drugs. The kinetics of...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1190/version/1

Can Plant-Made Copper Chaperones Heal Early Alzheimer&amp;#x2019;s Disease?
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bernd Kastenholz; Basil Horst; J&amp;#xfc;rgen Horst.
Commercially available medicinal plant extracts such as Ginkgo biloba leaf extract show no consistent pattern of clinical benefit for people with dementia or cognitive impairment, and have been suggested to be toxic to cells at higher doses. However, medicinal plants may contain other more efficient bioactive molecules apart from the well-known flavonoids and terpenoids. Therapeutic recombinant proteins, plant-made copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase (CCS) derived from Ginkgo biloba leaves, may establish and maintain physiologic Cu levels through restoration and modulation of biometal metabolism in organ systems of younger Alzheimer patients (&amp;#x3e; 50 years). Medications developed from plant-made copper chaperone proteins may delay progression...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5907/version/7

Adopting Nrf2 and NF-&amp;#x3ba;B from cancer: Is there any role of the duo in diabetes?
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Geeta Negi; Ashutosh Kumar; Shyam S. Sharma.
Oxidative stress and inflammation are two well-recognized events occurring in normal cells during cancer chemotherapy. Several antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents have therefore been tried as rational and effective strategies for chemoprotection. Elaborate studies on antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents in various experimental models of cancer revealed that these agents act by modulating the expression and/or activity of the transcription factors nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-&amp;#x3ba;B). Nrf2 is considered the main sentinel of antioxidant defense as it induces many antioxidant and phase 2 enzymes in response to stressful conditions. Likewise, NF-&amp;#x3ba;B is considered as a denominator of...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6581/version/1

The Mass-Action-Law Based GPS Concept for Bio-Informatics
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ting-Chao Chou.
The unified theory of dose and effect, as indicated by the median-effect equation for single and multiple entities and for the first and higher order kinetic/dynamic, has been established by T.C. Chou and it is based on the physical/chemical principle of the mass-action law (_J. Theor. Biol._ 59: 253-276, 1976; _Pharmacological Rev._ 58: 621-681, 2006). Rearrangements of the median-effect equation lead to Michaelis-Menten, Hill, Scatchard, and Henderson-Hasselbalch equations. The &amp;#x201c;median&amp;#x201d; serves as the &amp;#x201c;universal reference point&amp;#x201d; and the &amp;#x201c;common link&amp;#x201d; for the relationship of all entities at all dynamic orders, and is also the &amp;#x201c;harmonic mean&amp;#x201d; of kinetic dissociation...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2064/version/1

Aluminium - Magnesium Silicate enhances antibacterial activity of Ampicillin trihydrate, against Salmonella gallinarum
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Madike Ezeibe; George Anosa; Okechi Okorie; Nnenna Elendu-Eleke; Obianuju Okoroafor; Augustine Ngene; Ogechukwu Chikelu.
Solutions of different concentrations, of Ampicillin trihydrate (AT) and of a formulation of AT in Aluminium Magnesium Silicate (AMS), were used for sensitivity test on Salmonella gallinarum cultures. Also, S. gallinarum-infected chicks were treated with; 10 mg / Kg (AT), 10 mg / Kg (AT in AMS), 7.5 mg / Kg ( AT), 7.5 mg /Kg (AT in AMS). Mean inhibition area, 28.39 mm produced by AT did not vary significantly (P ) from 26.36 mm produced by AT in AMS. However, 17.5 105 Salmonella gallinarum culture forming units per ml of bile of the untreated chicks and 3.4 105 (80.58 % reduction), 2.5 105 (85.7 % reduction) , 5.4 105 (69.2 % reduction ) and 0.38 105 (97.8 % reduction ) of the respective treated groups, showed AMS significantly (P 0.01) improved AT`s...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6814/version/1

Anticancer efficacy of phenolics based structurally related compounds and their radical scavenging action
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Vijaya Dubey; Nusrat Masood; Suaib  Luqman; Arvind  S. Negi.
Cancer, one of the leading causes of death worldwide, is an abnormal cell proliferation that fails to respond to the normal signals.  In an effort to eradicate the growing menace of cancer, a clear understanding of fundamental biology and molecular mechanism of carcinogenesis is essential for targeted therapies. Among the devised strategies in use for cancer treatment, the one that is of immense interest is the development of plant based novel anticancer agents. Due to their tremendous availability, biological activity and efficacy, the phytochemicals deemed a gibbous future in chemoprevention. In the present study, several phenolics based structurally related compounds of steroidal and non-steroidal skeleton were synthesized and tested for their...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Chemistry; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6644/version/1

Translational Oncogenomics and Human Cancer Interactome Networks
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu.
An overview of translational, human oncogenomics, transcriptomics and cancer interactomic networks is presented together with basic concepts and potential, new applications to Oncology and Integrative Cancer Biology. Novel translational oncogenomics research is rapidly expanding through the application of advanced technology, research findings and computational tools/models to both pharmaceutical and clinical problems. A self-contained presentation is adopted that covers both fundamental concepts and the most recent biomedical, as well as clinical, applications. Sample analyses in recent clinical studies have shown that gene expression data can be employed to distinguish between tumor types as well as to predict outcomes. Potentially important applications...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6190/version/2

Multi-scale network biology model &amp;#x26; the model library
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jianghui Xiong.
Multi-scale network biology model &amp;#x26; the model library
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5778/version/1

An emerging protagonist: Sodium Glucose Co-transporters (SGLTs) as a burgeoning target for the treatment of diabetes mellitus
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Danish Ahmed; Manju Sharma; Vikas  Kumar; Pankaj S Yadav.
Contemporary therapies to rationalize the hyperglycaemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) generally involve insulin-dependent mechanisms and lose their effectiveness as pancreatic b-cell function decreases to a greater extent. The kidney emerges out as a novel and potential target to trim down the T2DM. The filtered glucose is reabsorbed principally through the sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2), a low affinity transport system, which is present at the luminal surface cells that cover the first segment of proximal tubules. Competitive inhibition of SGLT2 therefore represents an innovative therapeutic strategy for the treatment of hyperglycaemia and/or obesity in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes by enhancing glucose and energy loss through the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7057/version/1

Expression of Green Fluorescence Protein (GFP) in Zebrafish Muscle through Injection: A Gene Therapy Model
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: C. S.  Lin; Jhen Ru  Shih; C. H.  Hsu; Z.H.  Wen; Chiranjib  Chakraborty.
Expression of the target gene is important for gene therapy. Presently, localized transgenesis is used for gene therapy which can be achieved by a target gene expression. Here, we have reported the plasmid mediated gene therapy to zebrafish model. For this purpose, we have chosen green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a target gene because the expression can be detected easily.  GFP was inserted in a plasmid vector, pQE30 to develop the vector pQE30GFP.  The plasmid pQE30GFP was constructed form plasmid, pQE30 and pEGFPC2. pQE30GFP injected directly in one group of fish into the muscle where luciferase expression was noted. In another group, after injection electroporation was performed where we have also noted luciferase expression; but, electroporation cause...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2718/version/1

Chemopreventive potential of natural products isolated from a alchornea glandulosa, pterogyne nitens and its semisynthetic analogs
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Mauro  C. C. Morais; Laura  E. Marler; Suaib  Luqman; Tamara  P. Kondratyuk; Maicon  S. Petronio; Luis  O. Regasini; Dulce  H. S. Silva; Vanderlan  S. Bolzani; Christiane  P. Soares; John  M. Pezzuto.
INTRODUCTION: Chemoprevention involves the use of natural or synthetic substances to reduce the risk of developing cancer. Gallic acid was found to possess several pharmacological activities, such as anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory. Guanidine alkaloids display a broad spectrum of biological activities and its cytotoxic effect were well investigated.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;OBJECTIVES: The present study evaluated the chemopreventive potential of natural products and its semi-synthetic analogs using quinone reductase (QR) induction, aromatase inhibition and the suppression of NF&amp;#x3ba;B activity, which are well established strategies for screening compounds to cancer chemoprevention. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;METHODS: Gallic acid was isolated from Alchornea...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Chemistry; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6923/version/1

Critical Concentration Gradient Model of Bacterial Cell Division
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Aijaz A. Rashid; Perminder P. Sing.
Critical concentration gradient model is helpful in understanding the mechanism of Z-ring formation. The distribution of positive and negative regulators of Z-ring formation in cell is not random but well programmed. The positive and negative regulators in cell lead to a critical concentration gradient from mid cell to the poles. The critical concentration of FtsZ required for Z-ring assembly at the centre of cell is less than that at the poles. So FtsZ starts polymerizing at cell centre and afterwards by cooperative association of more and more monomers leads to the Z-ring formation. Simultaneously during Z-ring formation the recruitment of other accessory proteins takes place, leading to the formation of a stable divisome complex.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Microbiology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4659/version/1

Design of selective peptide antibiotics by using the sequence moment concept
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Davor Juretic; Nada Ilic; Damir Vukicevic; Nikolinka Antcheva; Alessandro Tossi.
New antibiotics against multidrug-resistant bacteria are urgently needed, but rapid acquisition of resistance limits their usefulness. Endogenous antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) with moderate selectivity, but multimodal mechanism of action, have remained effective against bacteria for millions of years. Their therapeutic application, however, requires optimizing the balance between antibacterial activity and selectivity, so that rational design methods for increasing selectivity are highly desirable. We have created training (n=36) and testing (n=37) sets from frog-derived AMPs with determined therapeutic index (TI). The &amp;#x27;sequence moments&amp;#x27; concept then enabled us to find a one-parameter linear model resulting in a good correlation between...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3068/version/1

HMGB1 release by C5a anaphylatoxin is an effective target for sepsis treatment
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Hidechika Okada; Noriko Okada; Masaki Imai; Alan Okada; Fumiko Ono.
Antibodies to C5a have proven to be effective in treating experimental septic primate models. A 17 amino acid peptide (ASGAPAPGPAGPLRPMF) named PepA binds to C5a and prevents complement-mediated lethal shock in rats. AcPepA harboring an acetyl group at the N-terminal alanine showed increased inhibitory activity against C5a. Cynomolgus monkeys destined to expire from a lethal dose of bacterial endotoxin (4mg/kg) were rescued by intravenous administration of AcPepA. AcPepA could have interfered with the ability of C5a to stimulate C5L2 which is responsible for HMGB1 release and stimulation of TLR4 as an endogeneous ligand with LPS behavior. The suppression of HMGB1 release by AcPepA administration to LPS-shock monkeys is likely responsible for rescuing the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Immunology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5727/version/1

Study Mechanism Of Action Of Krishnavajrabhraka Bhasma In Asthma
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Kushal Sarda; Vijaya  Pandit; Jayshree Dawane; Gourav Deshmane.
Objective: To evaluate the mechanism of action of Krishnavajrabhraka Bhasma(KVB) in chronic asthma.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Methodology: 30 animals divided into 5 groups: 1)vehicle(water) 2)vehicle(honey) 3)Low dose KVB 4)High dose KVB 5)Standard drug.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Expt I:- Mast cell stabilization-&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;On day 1, animals were sensitized with egg albumin. Treatment started from day 22 in two ways: a)Single dose b)14days.  Egg albumin challenge was given at the end of the treatment. Rats were sacrificed, mesentery collected &amp;#x26; observed for mast cell degranulation.  &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Expt II:- Anti-inflammatory action-&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Croton oil was injected in the back in all rats to make a  pouch. After 7 days of drug treatment, animals...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5422/version/1

Development and Characterization of Eudragit RS 100 Loaded Microsponges and its Colonic Delivery Using Natural Polysaccharides
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Vikas Jain; Ranjit Singh.
In the present work, paracetamol loaded eudragit based microsponges were prepared using quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion method. The compatibility of the drug with various formulation components was established. Process parameters were analyzed in order to optimize the formulation. Shape and surface morphology of the microsponges were examined using scanning electron microscopy. The colon specific formulations were prepared by compression coating of microsponges with pectin:hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) mixture followed by tabletting. The in vitro dissolution studies were done on all formulations and the results were evaluated kinetically and statically. The kinetics of release study showed that the release data followed Higuchi matrix and the main...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3676/version/2

ACBD: Database for Ascidian Chemical Genomics
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Yuichiro Hira; Jun Terai; Masaya Imoto; Etsu Tashiro; Kohji Hotta.
Chemical biology approach enables us to understand the complex biological systems, using small molecules such as a specific activator or inhibitor of protein, a hormone-like inducer, or a neurotransmitter. When such approach is performed genome-widely, that research is especially called &amp;#x22;chemical genomics&amp;#x22;. We are planning to make a new start of chemical genomics using one of chordate model animal, ascidian. As a first step, we constructed a database called ACBD (Ascidians Chemical Biology Database). &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;  First, we reviewed and annotated past articles which describe the uses of small chemicals in the field of ascidians biology.  In ACBD, chemical information and effects on ascidian are manually extracted...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5087/version/1

Effect of a single Dialysis session on plasma Lp(a) levels in patients on Maintenance haemodialysis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Varikasuvu Seshadri Reddy; MM Suchitra; Prabhakar E. Reddy; Aparna R. Bitla; Siva V. Kumar; PVLN Srinivasa Rao.
Background: &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of mortality in End stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on Maintenance haemodialysis (MHD). Lp (a), is a specialized form of glycoprotein-LDL-cholesterol complex and is an independent risk factor for myocardial infarction. The risk is related to its atherogenic and thrombogenic properties. The present study was taken up to evaluate changes in Lp(a) and Lipid profile in patients undergoing hemodialysis session. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Methodology: &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Twenty seven patients with end stage renal disease who were on maintenance hemodialysis were included. Plasma samples were collected hourly during a dialysis session with polysulfone membrane using bicarbonate...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6473/version/1

The Broad Spectrum HDAC Inhibitor PCI-24781 Induces Caspase- and ROS-Dependent Apoptosis and is Synergistic with Bortezomib in Lymphoma
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Savita  Bhalla; Sriram Balasubramanian; Kevin David; Mint Sirisawad; Joseph  Buggy; Lauren Mauro; Sheila Prachand; Richard Miller; Leo Gordon; Andrew Evens.
We investigated the cytotoxicity and biology of the novel broad-spectrum hydroxamic acid-based histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), PCI-24781. PCI-24781 was studied alone and combined with bortezomib in Hodgkin lymphoma (L428) and non-Hodgkin&amp;#x27;s lymphoma cell lines (Ramos, HF1, SUDHL4). PCI-24781 induced dose-dependent apoptosis that was associated with prominent G0/G1 arrest, decreased S-phase, increased p21 protein expression, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, PCI-24781-induced apoptosis was shown to be ROS- and caspase-dependent. Combined PCI-24781 and bortezomib exposure resulted in strong synergistic apoptosis in all cell lines (combination indices 0.19-0.6). Furthermore, compared to either agent alone,...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1999/version/1

The Mass-Action-Law Based GPS Concept for Bio-Informatics
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ting-Chao Chou.
The unified theory of dose and effect, as indicated by the median-effect equation for single and multiple entities and for the first and higher order kinetic/dynamic, has been established by T.C. Chou and it is based on the physical/chemical principle of the mass-action law (_J. Theor. Biol._ 59: 253-276, 1976; _Pharmacological Rev._ 58: 621-681, 2006). Rearrangements of the median-effect equation lead to Michaelis-Menten, Hill, Scatchard, and Henderson-Hasselbalch equations. The &amp;#x201c;median&amp;#x201d; serves as the &amp;#x201c;universal reference point&amp;#x201d; and the &amp;#x201c;common link&amp;#x201d; for the relationship of all entities at all dynamic orders, and is also the &amp;#x201c;harmonic mean&amp;#x201d; of kinetic dissociation...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2064/version/2

DNA expression microarrays may be the wrong tool to identify biological pathways
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Adrian Mondry; Marie Loh; Alessandro Giuliani.
DNA microarray expression signatures are expected to provide new insights into patho- physiological pathways. Numerous variant statistical methods have been described for each step of the signal analysis. We employed five similar statistical tests on the same data set at the level of gene selection. Inter-test agreement for the identification of biological pathways in BioCarta, KEGG and Reactome was calculated using Cohen&amp;#x2019;s k- score. The identification of specific biological pathways showed only moderate agreement (0.30 &amp;#x3c; k &amp;#x3c; 0.79) between the analysis methods used.  Pathways identified by microarrays must be treated cautiously as they vary according to the statistical method used.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1036/version/1

Molecular Modeling study of Protein Kinase PKnB from Mycobacterium Tuberculosis with derivatives of 1, 3, 4- Thiadiazoles
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Vivek Gupta; Asif Naqvi; Jayendra Tanwar; Kaushlesh Mishra.
Tuberculosis causes more than two million deaths per year. Faced with this global threat it is crucial to better understand the physiology of the causative organism, Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, in order to develop efficient therapeutic strategies. PKnB from Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a crucial receptor-like protein kinase involved in signal transduction. M. tuberculosis PKnB is a trans-membrane Ser/Thr protein kinase (STPK) highly conserved in Gram-positive bacteria and apparently essential for Mycobacterial viability. We have attempted with the help of virtual screening and docking approaches to expound the extent of specificity of protein kinase B towards different classes of Thiadiazoles (an anti-tubercular agent).  The selected Thiadiazoles were...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6136/version/1

The BRIF: Success Factors and Crucial Considerations for Ensuring Impact.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Lisa  B. Miranda.
This presentation focused on the potential of the BRIF to capture data that demonstrates the initial and long term impact of bioresources and those who direct/operate them for support/participation in biomedical and clinical research and their effects on clinical care outcomes. The focus of this talk is also to share ideas and provide different ways to look at the BRIF. The BRIF can be used to measure impact but may also be utilized to ensure and accelerate impact. Implementing the BRIF would potentially lead to significant positive downstream effects. Many challenges exist for the biobanking area ahead of this. One central issue that is delaying/impeding impact is the ability to create economically viable and sustainable resources.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Pharmacology; Data Standards.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5877/version/1

Phytochemical Approach and Bioanalytical Strategy to Develop Chaperone-Based Medications
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bernd B. K. Kastenholz.
Currently, no pharmaceuticals for the etiological treatment of degenerative protein-misfolding diseases (e.g., ALS, Alzheimer&amp;#x2019;s or prion diseases) are commercially available. Therefore, in this technical note theoretical considerations and practical approaches concerning the development of chaperone-based medications from medicinal plants (e.g., Ginkgo biloba) are reviewed and discussed in detail. Phytochaperones and other agents isolated from medicinal plants are proposed to serve as the general basis of drug development in protein-misfolding diseases.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1431/version/1

Docking studies to explore novel lead molecules for human Spleen tyrosine kinase involved in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Naveen  Kadaari; Dibyabhaba  Pradhan; Manne  Munikumar; Amineni  Umamaheswari.
B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most prevalent B-cell malignancy in adults. Despite advances in treatment, the disease remains incurable, warranting further efforts to identify novel molecular targets and inhibitors. Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) plays a pivotal role for B-lymphocyte development and maturation in the B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling pathway and hence represents a potential therapeutic target for CLL. The present study is directed towards finding novel inhibitors of SYK through ligand based virtual screening. The co-crystal structure of SYK was investigated to locate active site residues (Glu-449, Ala-451 Arg-498, Asn-499, Ser-511, and Asp-512). Five SYK specific published inhibitors (Gleevec, staurosporine, Bay61-3606, R-406...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5460/version/1

Can Plant-Made Copper Chaperones Heal Early Alzheimer&amp;#x2019;s Disease?
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bernd Kastenholz; Basil Horst; J&amp;#xfc;rgen Horst.
Therapeutic recombinant plant-made copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase (CCS) derived from Ginkgo biloba leaves may establish and maintain physiologic Cu levels through restoration and modulation of biometal metabolism in organ systems of younger Alzheimer patients (&amp;#x3e; 50 years). Medications developed from plant-made copper chaperone proteins may delay progression during early disease stages or even be a basis for a possible causal treatment of preclinical stages of Alzheimer&amp;#x2019;s disease by restoring cellular function of the CCS-SOD-1 mechanism and by preventing formation of A&amp;#x3b2; plaques, a major putative factor involved in Alzheimer&amp;#x2019;s disease pathogenesis.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5907/version/1

The &amp;#x27;consciousness&amp;#x27; of the living state: Extending the Baars global broadcast model across physiological subsystems
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rodrick Wallace.
For the broad spectrum of cognitive biological phenomena having &amp;#x27;dual&amp;#x27; information sources, isolation from crosstalk between them requires more metabolic free energy than permitting correlation. This allows an evolutionary exaptation leading to dynamic global broadcasts at multiple scales, similar to the well-studied exaptation of noise to trigger stochastic resonance amplification in physiological systems. Entropy gradient models adapted from nonequilibrium thermodynamics lead to an index theorem in which analytic solutions of empirical equations describe different possible topological modes. Not only is the living state characterized by cognition at every scale and level of organization, but by multiple, shifting, tunable, cooperative...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Developmental Biology; Ecology; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6898/version/2

Effect Of A Dialysis Session On Plasma Branched Chain Aminio Acids In Hemodialysis Patients
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Varikasuvu Seshadri Reddy; PVLN Srinivasa Rao; Aparna R. Bitla; Siva V. Kumar; MM Suchitra; Prabhakar E. Reddy.
Protein and amino acid (AA) metabolism is abnormal in End stage renal disease (ESRD). Hemodialysis (HD) procedure is a strong catabolic stimulus. Branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) can affect other AA levels by reducing AA efflux from muscle due to inhibition of muscle protein degradation. Essential amino acids and keto acid supplements including BCAA and branched-chain keto acid (BCKA) are proposed to decrease protein intake while maintaining protein status. This study was taken up to evaluate the effect of a dialysis session on plasma BCAA&amp;#x2019;s for which fifteen patients of ESRD on Maintenance HD, thrice a week were recruited into the study. Analysis was done on samples drawn at the beginning (pre-HD) and after the end of each dialysis session...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6475/version/1

Role and immunomodulatory profile of histamine receptors by H1 and H2 antagonists
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Trivendra Tripathi; Mohd. Shahid; Mashiatullah Siddiqui; Rahat Khan.
The present study was designed to delineate the immunomodulatory role of histamine receptors (H1- and H2-) on induction of antibody response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC), as well as the antibody generation profile, in rabbit system, systemically. The rabbits in two groups received pheniramine (H1-receptor antagonist) and ranitidine (H2-receptor antagonist), respectively, via intramuscular route and were immunized with SRBC intravenously to evaluate suppression or enhancement of antibody responses in sem. A third, control group, received vehicle and were immunized in a similar manner. Histamine released from effector cells (mast cells and basophils) _in vivo_ during inflammatory reactions could influence a detectable antibody response to SRBC as early as...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1547/version/1

SNIPER SHOT PEGylation: TGase mediated site-specific conjugation of PEG to proteins
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Abhijeet Satwekar.
Commercially available recombinant protein drugs often cause immune reactions in the body which reduces their efficiency. Protein drugs can be PEGylated, (attachment of polyethylene glycol) to overcome this problem. PEGylation increases bioavailability by reduced immune reactions and decreased renal clearance [1]. So far the traditional approaches for PEGylation involve harsh reaction conditions which provide a heterogeneous product (PEG attached randomly to different sites) along with the formation of several byproducts. Due to heterogeneity, the PEGylated protein drug faces challenge for FDA approval. Therefore, there is an immense need to develop an approach which could generate a homogeneous PEGylated protein drug. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5671/version/1

In-vitro Antifungal Activity of Some 1,3,5-triazine Derivatives
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Udaya Pratap Singh; Prashant Gahtori; Ramendra K. Singh.
A series of substituted phenylthiazolyl 1,3,5-triazine derivatives were screened for their _in-vitro_ antifungal activity (MIC and MFC) against four fungi viz. _Candida_ species (_C. albicans_ NCIM-3102, _C. glabrata_ NCIM-3266), _Cryptococcus neoformans_ NCIM-3542, and _Aspergillus niger_ NCIM-620 using modified broth microdilution method recommended by CLSI, with reference to  fluconazole and amphotericin B.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Microbiology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5751/version/1

Data Management Plan for Monogram BioSciences
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Christos J. Petropoulos.
This is the data plan for access to data underlying published reports by Monogram BioSciences.
Tipo: Marker Paper / Data Plan
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology; Data Standards.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5668/version/1

The universe of normal and cancer cell line responses to anticancer treatment: Lessons for cancer therapy
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Alexei Vazquez.
According to the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results report, 1,479,350 men and women will be diagnosed with and 562,340 will die of cancer of all sites in 2009, indicating that about 40% of the cancer patients do not respond well to current anticancer therapies. Using tumor and normal tissue cell lines as a model, we show this high mortality rate is rooted in inherent features of anticancer&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;treatments. We obtain that, while on average anticancer treatments exhibit a two fold higher efficacy when applied to cancer cells, the response distribution of cancer and normal cells significantly overlap. Focusing on specific treatments, we provide evidence indicating that the therapeutic index is proportional to the fraction of cancer cell...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5785/version/1

COX inhibition: Catalepsy and Striatum Dopaminergic-GABAergic-Glutamatergic Neurotransmission
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Hadi Fathi-Moghaddam; Mehdi Shafiee Ardestani; Meysam Shafiee Ardestani; Davood Barzegar-Pourshuraki; Amin Gravand; Latifeh Navidpour; Hojat Ebrahiminik; Abbas Shafiee.
Selective COX-2 and COX-1 inhibitors were administered (i.p. acutely) to normal and parkinsonian rats, followed by the analysis of the striatal dopamine, GABA and glutamate concentrations using the microdialysis technique, simultaneously, the catalepsy of animals was evaluated. Selective COX-2 inhibition showed improving effects on the catalepsy followed by decreasing the striatum glutamatergic-GABAergic and enhancing the dopaminergic neurotransmission. Nonetheless COX inhibition had no significant improving effects on damaged Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta (SNc) neurons.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1481/version/1

Computational system biology
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ankit Geete.
Systems biology is a multi-disciplinary &amp;#xfb01;eld that deals with mechanisms involved in complex biological processes by considering them as integrated systems of multiple interacting components. The huge amount of data involved in this study necessitates the use of computational tools.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7104/version/1

Endothelin-Induced Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium Depletion Waves in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Mitra Esfandiarei; Yohan Choi; Arash Y. Tehrani; Jeremy G. Hoskins; Nicola Fameli; Cornelis van Breemen.
Agonist-stimulated waves of elevated cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i ) regulate blood vessel tone and vasomotion in vascular smooth muscle. Previous studies employing cytoplasmic Ca2+ indicators revealed that these Ca2+ waves were generated by a combination of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and Ca2+ induced Ca2+ release (CICR) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR); although, some of the mechanistic details remain uncertain. However, these findings were derived indirectly from observing agonist-induced [Ca2+]i fluctuations in the cytoplasm.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Here, for the first time, we have recorded Endothelin-1 (ET-1) induced waves of Ca2+ depletion from the SR lumen in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) using a calsequestrin-targeted Ca2+...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6280/version/2

Reduced GABA-B/GIRK-mediated regulation of the VTA following a single exposure to cocaine
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Brian Cadle; Andrew Varnell; Donald C. Cooper.
In this paper, Arora and colleagues expand on their previous work on GIRK channels in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) presenting evidence that a single exposure to cocaine reduces inhibitory GABAergic transmission to dopamine (DA) neurons in the ventral tegmental area. Mice receiving i.p. injections of cocaine saw a short lived (1-5 days) decrease in GABAb mediated G-protein coupled inwardly-rectifying potassium (GIRK) currents in DA neurons in the VTA. This decrease parallels an NMDA-mediated increase in the frequency of glutamatergic neurotransmission. Chronic cocaine injections had no additional effects beyond those seen with single injections. Though they found no change in mRNA levels for GABAb receptors, GIRK channels, or RGS-2 (a G-protein...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6771/version/1

NIR Calibrations for Soybean Seeds and Soy Food Composition Analysis: Total Carbohydrates, Oil, Proteins and Water Contents [v.2]
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu; Jun Guo; Randall L. Nelson; Tiefeng You; Doina M. Costescu.
Conventional chemical analysis techniques are expensive, time consuming, and often destructive. The non-invasive Near Infrared (NIR) technology was introduced over the last decades for wide-scale, inexpensive chemical analysis of food and crop seed composition (see Williams and Norris, 1987; Wilcox and Cavins, 1995; Buning and Diller, 2000 for reviews of the NIR technique development stage prior to 1998, when Diode Arrays were introduced to NIR). NIR spectroscopic measurements obey Lambert and Beer&amp;#x2019;s law, and quantitative measurements can be successfully made with high speed and ease of operation. NIR has been used in a great variety of food applications. General applications of products analyzed come from all sectors of the food industry...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6611/version/2

Evaluation of Antimicrobial Studies of Traditional Medicine
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ramar Perumal Samy; S. Ignacimuthu; Vincent  TK Chow.
Synthetic drugs, which are having serious side effects, are cytotoxic to human beings. Moreover, bacteria slowly become resistant against antibiotics. In order to overcome these problems, scientists are continuing to search for antibacterial and novel principles from plants. Zanthoxylum limonella has been popularly used in traditional systems of medicine for the treatment of dental caries, cardiac, respiratory diseases and stomach problems. The present study was therefore focused on finding out the medicinal properties of the bark of Z. limonella tested against some selected bacteria using disc-diffusion method at the concentration of 100, 200 and 300 mg/ml. The methanol and water extracts of the bark exhibited effective antibacterial activity against S....
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6027/version/1

Disruptive Strategies for Removing Drug Discovery Bottlenecks
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sean Ekins; Chris L. Waller; Mary  P. Bradley; Antony J. Williams.
Drug Discovery is shifting focus from the industry to outside partners and in the process creating new bottlenecks, suggesting the need for a more disruptive overhaul. Technologies like high throughput screening (HTS) have moved to a larger number of academic and institutional laboratories in the US, with little apparent coordination or consideration of the outputs and creating a translational gap. While there have been collaborative public private partnerships in Europe to share pharmaceutical data, the USA has lagged behind. Sharing precompetitive computational models may be the next frontier to provide more confidence in the quality of the leads produced and attract investment. We suggest there needs to be an awareness of what research is going on in...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Data Standards.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6961/version/1

Repurposing of Meropenem and Nadifloxacin for Treatment of Burn Patients?
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Joseph G. Moloughney; Janice D. Thomas; Christie E. Costa; Karla S. Bullon; James Spencer; Jeffrey H. Toney.
The escalating number of multidrug resistant pathogens has demanded the swift development of new and potent antibiotics (ref. 2). Metallo-[beta]-lactamases (MBLs) continue to evolve, rendering the latest generation of carbapenem antibiotics useless (ref. 8). SPM-1, a recently discovered MBL, was isolated from a juvenile leukemia patient residing in a hospital in San Palo, Brazil just prior to the patient succumbing to septicemia brought on by Pseudomonas aeruginosa expressing SPM-1 (ref. 8). Screening of the Johns Hopkins Compound library of 1,514 FDA or FAD approved drugs (ref. 1) identified a novel SPM-1 inhibitor that is synergistically compatible with meropenem. Using clinically achievable concentrations, meropenem coupled with nadifloxacin inhibits...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3761/version/1

Formulation and in vitro Evaluation of Eudragit L100 piroxicam
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Mostafa Saffari; Malihe Shahbazi; Mehdi Shafiee Ardestani.
The aim of this study was to formulate and evaluate controlled release preparations of a water-insoluble drug using Copolymers synthesized from acrylic and methacrylic acid&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;esters (Eudragit L 100) as the retardant material. Microspheres were prepared by solvent evaporation method using an alcohol / liquid paraffin system. Span60 was used as the droplet stabilizer. The prepared microspheres were characterized for their micromeritic properties and drug loading, as well as by differential scanning calorimetry. The in vitro release studies were performed first in pH1.2 and then pH 6.8, phosphate buffer. The prepared microspheres were yellow, and spherical in shape. The drugloaded microspheres showed 71-85% of entrapment and release was...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1544/version/1

Differential Gene Expression of Human Mast cell Activation Reveals Gene profiles of Innate and Adaptive Immunity.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jayapal J. Manikandan; Reghunathan Renji; Peter Natesan Pushparaj; Alirio Jose Melendez.
High-density oligonucleotide microarray is a promising approach for high throughput analysis. It has been extensively used in many areas of biomedical research. Immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated allergic response (type-1 hypersensitivity) is one of the most powerful reactions of the immune system. Tissue Mast Cells (MCs) and circulating basophils are the major effector cells in these reactions. By dissecting the regulatory circuitry of mast cells by analyzing the genome wide effects of antigen stimulation triggered by Fc&amp;#x3b5;RI, offers a potential for finding novel genes as &amp;#x2018;targets&amp;#x2019; for therapeutic intervention. In this work, we tried to study the gene expression pattern in IgE sensitized and Fc&amp;#x3b5;RI cross linked cord...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1148/version/1

High-Value Phytochemicals from Grape Cane Waste: Potential Value-Added Viticultural Sources of Trans-Resveratrol and Trans-e-Viniferin with Medicinal and Anti-Phytopathogenic Applications
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sierra Rayne.
Grape canes as agricultural waste from commercial viticultural activities represent a potentially important source of the well-known medicinal and anti-phytopathogenic stilbene compounds trans-resveratrol and trans-e-viniferin. Reports in the literature suggest that concentrations of these compounds range up to 5 mg/g dw and 2 mg/g dw, respectively, and can be quantitatively extracted from the cane residue using low-cost, environmental benign, and non-toxic aqueous alcoholic solvent systems such as ethanol:water mixtures. With current commercial values of  these compounds between US$2,000 to US$3,000 per kg, established stilbene yields from cane waste could represent an agricultural coproduct valued at US$2,000 to US$3,000 per hectare of production. At the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Pharmacology; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/636/version/1

Concentration-dependent free radical scavenging and ferric reducing ability of Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash: Protective effect of vetiver root extract during oxidative stress
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Suaib  Luqman; Ritesh  Kumar; Shubhangi  Kaushik; Suchita  Srivastava; Mahendra  P. Darokar; Suman  P. S. Khanuja.
Vetiveria zizanioides, popularly known as &amp;#x2018;KHUS&amp;#x2019; grass, has been known to India since ancient times. It is the major source of well-known oil of vetiver, which is used in medicine and in perfumery. A concentration-dependent ferric reducing, free radical scavenging and antioxidant activity of two genotypes, namely KS 1 and gulabi of vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides L. Nash) root, were evaluated by using in vitro assays: the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 1, 1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), total phenolic content (TPC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and reducing power (RP) assay. A positive co-relation was observed between FRAP, DPPH and TPC of cv KS 1, whereas TAC and RP showed a negative co-relation. A significant...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6920/version/1

Establishing a multicellular model by three-dimensional cell-assembly technique for metabolic syndrome
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Mingen Xu; Yongnian Yan; Renjie Zhang; Ri Yao; Haixia Liu; Xiaohong Wang.
One of the major obstacles in developing multifunctional drugs for the metabolic syndrome (MS) is lack of in vitro models that capture more complex features of the disease. Here we give the first report that establishes an energy metabolic system model using cell-assembly technique which can assemble cells into designated places to form complex three-dimensional structures. Adipose-derived stromal cells were assembled and induced differentiation into adipocytes and endothelial cells; pancreatic islets were then deposited at designated locations and constituted adipoinsular axis with adipocytes. Analysis of the factors involved in energy metabolism showed our system could capture more physiological and pathophysiological features of the in vivo energy...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1496/version/1

Remote preconditioning by aortic constriction: affords cardioprotection as classical or other remote ischemic preconditioning? Role of iNOS
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ashish Sharma; Arshee Munajjam; Bhawna Vaishnav; Richa Sharma; Kunal Kishore; Ashok Sharma; Akash Sharma; Divya Sharma; Rita Kumari; Ashish Tiwari; B.P. Srinivasan; Shyam Agarwal.
Dose remote preconditioning by aortic constriction (RPAC) affords cardioprotection similar to classical or other remote ischemic preconditioning stimulus? Moreover study was also designed to investigate role of inducible nitric oxide synthase in remote preconditioning by aortic constriction. There are sufficient evidences that &amp;#x22;ischemic preconditioning&amp;#x22; has surgical applications and afford clinically relevant cardioprotection. Transient occlusion of circumflex artery, renal artery, limb artery or mesenteric artery preconditions the myocardium against ischemia reperfusion injury in case of ischemic heart disease leading to myocardial infraction. Here abdominal aorta was selected to produce RPAC. Four episodes of Ischemia-reperfusion of 5...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5494/version/1

Effects of Cations and PH on Antimicrobial Activity of Thanatin and s-Thanatin against _Escherichia coli_ ATCC25922 and _B. subtilis_ ATCC 21332
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Guoqiu Wu; Jiaxuan Ding; Hui Li; Linxian Li; Rui Zhao; Xiaobo Fan; Zilong Shen.
Thanatin and s-thanatin were insect antimicrobial peptides which have shown potent antimicrobial activities on a variety of microbes. In order to investigate the effect of cations and pH on the activity of these peptides against Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria, the antimicrobial activities of both peptides were studied in increasing concentrations of monovalent cations (K^+^ and Na^+^), divalent cations (Ca^2+^ and Mg^2+^) and H^+^. The NCCLS broth microdilution method showed that both peptides were sensitive to the presence of cations. The divalent cations showed more antagonized effect on the activity against Gram-negative bacteria than the monovalent cations, since the two peptides lost the ability to inhibit bacterial growth at a very...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2006/version/1

ADME/Tox WEB in silico predictions of longer chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acid pKa values are more accurate than other computational methods
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sierra Rayne; Kaya Forest.
Perfluoroalkyl carboxylates are contaminants whose environmental fate and toxicological effects are of broad interest within the academic, industrial, and governmental science and regulatory communities. In addition, coupled perfluoroalkyl and carboxylate moieties are often used in medicinal chemistry as part of the drug design process. However, to date there has been a notable absence of reliable acidity constant estimation programs for these compounds. Here we report that the ADME/Tox WEB method for in silico pKa value predictions is more accurate than the PM6, SPARC, and COSMOtherm methods for the longer chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids, suggesting this may be a good general acidity constant estimation approach for these compounds.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Pharmacology; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2936/version/1

Mobile Image Ratiometry: A New Method for Instantaneous Analysis of Rapid Test Strips
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Donald  C. Cooper; Bryan Callahan; Phil  Callahan; Lee  Burnett.
Here we describe Mobile Image Ratiometry (MIR), a new method for the automated quantification of standardized rapid immunoassay strips using consumer-based mobile smartphone and tablet cameras. To demonstrate MIR we developed a standardized method using rapid immunotest strips directed against cocaine (COC) and its major metabolite, benzoylecgonine (BE). We performed image analysis of three brands of commercially available dye-conjugated anti-COC/BE antibody test strips in response to three different series of cocaine concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 300 ng/ml and BE concentrations ranging from 0.003 to 0.1 ng/ml. These data were then used to create standard curves to allow quantification of COC/BE in biological samples. MIR quantification of COC and BE...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6827/version/1

mGluR5 knockout mice exhibit normal conditioned place-preference to cocaine
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Melissa  A. Fowler; Andrew L. Varnell; Donald C. Cooper.
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) null mutant (-/-) mice have been reported to totally lack the reinforcing or locomotor stimulating effects of cocaine. We tested mGluR5 -/- and +/+ mice for their locomotor and conditioned place- preference response to cocaine. Unlike the previous finding, here we show that compared to mGluR5 +/+ mice, -/- mice exhibit no difference in the locomotor response to low to moderate doses of cocaine (10 or 20 mg/kg). A high dose of cocaine (40 mg/kg) resulted in a blunted rather than absent locomotor response. We tested mGluR5 -/- and +/+ mice for conditioned place-preference to cocaine and found no group differences at a conditioning dose of 10 mg/kg, suggesting normal conditioned rewarding properties of cocaine. These...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6180/version/2

Ferric reducing antioxidant power and free radical scavenging activity of  Moringa oleifera: Relevance in oxidative stress
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Suaib  Luqman.
Moringa oleifera of family Moringaceae, commonly known as Horseradish-tree or the Ben-oil tree is an exceptionally nutritious vegetable tree with a variety of medicinal uses, distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The tree&amp;#x27;s bark, roots, fruit (pod), flowers, leaves, seeds and gum are used as an antiseptic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and in treating rheumatism, venomous bites and other conditions. The immature green pods, called &amp;#x2018;drumsticks&amp;#x2019; are probably the most valued and widely used part of the tree for water purification (e.g. desalination of ocean salt water). The leaves are highly nutritious, being a significant source of beta-carotene, vitamin C, protein, iron and potassium...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6924/version/1

Isolation of Acidic, Basic and Neutral Metalloproteins by QPNC-PAGE
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bernd Kastenholz; David E. Garfin.
A standard protocol for isolating metalloproteins in complex biological samples is presented using quantitative preparative native continuous polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (QPNC-PAGE)
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4617/version/1

In vitro synergistic anti-prion effect of cholesterol ester modulators
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Christina Doriana Orr&amp;#xf9;; Maria Dolores  Cannas; Sarah Vascellari; Fabrizio Angius; Pier Luigi  Cocco; Claudia Norfo; Antonella Mandas; Paolo La Colla; Sandra Dess&amp;#xec;; Alessandra Pani.
Background. Our studies on the role of cholesterol in prion infection/replication showed that brains and peripheral cells of sheep susceptible to or suffering from Scrapie were characterized by an altered cholesterol homeostasis compared to animals with a scrapie-resistant genotype, and that drugs influencing cholesterol esterification were endowed with selective anti-prion activity in N2a cell lines infected with the 22L and RML prion strains. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Results. In prion-infected N2a cell lines we now report increased anti-prion activity of dual-drug combinations consisting of cholesterol ester modulators associated with prion inhibitors Synergism was obtained with the cholesterol ester modulators everolimus, pioglitazone, progesterone, and...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3883/version/1

Polymerase-endonuclease amplification reaction for large-scale enzymatic production of antisense oligonucleotide
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Xiaolong Wang; Deming Gou.
Synthetic oligonucleotides are contaminated with highly homologous failure sequences. Oligonucleotide synthesis is difficult to scale up because it requires expensive equipments, hazardous chemicals, and tedious purification process. Here we report a novel thermocyclic reaction, polymerase-endonuclease amplification reaction (PEAR), for the amplification of oligonucleotides. A target oligonucleotide and a tandem repeated antisense probe are subjected to repeated cycles of denaturing, annealing, elongation and cleaving, in which thermostable DNA polymerase elongation and strand slipping generate duplex tandem repeats, and thermostable endonuclease (PspGI) cleavage releases monomeric duplex oligonucleotides. Each round of PEAR achieves &amp;#x3e;100-fold...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3711/version/1

Herbal Drugs in Mirror of Alzheimer&amp;#x2019;s Disease
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bernd Kastenholz; Kerstin Nagel; David E. Garfin; J&amp;#xfc;rgen Horst.
Commercially available Ginkgo biloba leaf extracts may lack specificity as to the binding of copper and zinc ions in human cells. This might be the reason why Ginkgo extracts have no predictable and clinically significant benefit for people with dementia or cognitive impairment. A novel generation of herbal drugs is proposed as antioxidant and metal chelator in the treatment of Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3334/version/1

Immunogenic Modulations Induced by Prospective Anti-Malarial Herbal Extracts in Murine Model
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Sudipta Chakraborty; Swapna Chhetri; Sajal Ray; Shyamal Das Gupta; Suman Mukherjee; Niladri Sekhar Bhunia; Manoj Das; Sanat Biswas; Sreemayee Sarkar; Guruprasad Mandal; Dipankar Singha; Chinmoy Karjee.
Keeping in view the ever increasing problem of drug resistance and affordability of the antimalarial drugs by the poor mass, herbal medicines can become an important and alternative sustainable strategy for malaria treatment. Aqueous extracts of three Himalayan herbs&amp;#x2015; _Equisetum ravense_, _Artemisia vulgaris_ and _Centella asiatica_, with reported antimalarial property were screened for clinical efficacy against a local strain of _Plasmodium vivax_ antigen in murine model. _E. arvense_ extract was consistent in boosting phagocytic activity, nitric oxide generation, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase activities in the peritoneal macrophages. The effectiveness of the rest herbals was discrete. A need for further detailed investigation to...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4157/version/1

Protective effect of (-) &amp;#x3b1;-bisabolol on markers of oxidative stress in erythrocytes subjected to oxidative insult
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Suaib  Luqman; Suchita  Srivastava.
(-)-&amp;#x3b1;-bisabolol is a sesquiterpene alcohol found as a major component of essential oil of chamomile (Matricaria recutita L., Chamomilla recutita L., Matricaria chamomilla L.; Family Asteraceae). Chamomile, one of the most ancient and widely recognized herbs to mankind, has been used traditionally for centuries as an anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, carminative, mild astringent and healing medicine. It is also known to be very helpful as an external agent for encouraging the rapid healing of ulcers and burns without infection, as well as persistent skin problems such as eczema and psoriasis. Since clinical trials and human studies are limited, we have investigated the effect of (-)-&amp;#x3b1;-bisabolol on markers of oxidative stress in human...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6903/version/1

Rescue with an anti-inflammatory peptide of chickens infected H5N1 avian flu
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Masaki M. Imai; Alan A. Okada; Hidechika H. Okada; Ekowati E. Handharyani; Yasuhiro Tsukamoto; Kazuhide K. Adachi; Noriko N. Okada; Retno Damajanti R. D. Soejoedono.
Chickens suffering from avian flu caused by H5N1 influenza virus are destined to die within 2 days due to a systemic inflammatory response. Since HVJ infection (1,2) and influenza virus infection (3,4) cause infected cells to activate homologous serum complement, the systemic inflammatory response elicited could be attributed to the unlimited generation of C5a anaphylatoxin of the complement system, which is a causative peptide of serious inflammation. In monkeys inoculated with a lethal dose of LPS (4 mg/kg body weight), inhibition of C5a by an inhibitory peptide termed AcPepA (5) rescued these animals from serious septic shock which would have resulted in death within a day (6). Therefore, we tested whether AcPepA could also have a beneficial effect on...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3425/version/1

Applications Of Microspectroscopy, Hyperspectral Chemical Imaging And Fluorescence Microscopy In Chemistry, Biochemistry, Biotechnology, Molecular And Cell Biology
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu.
Chemical imaging is a technique for the simultaneous measurement of spectra (chemical information) and images or pictures (spatial information)^1,2^. The technique is most often applied to either solid or gel samples, and has applications in chemistry, biology^3-8^, medicine^9,10^, pharmacy^11^ (see also for example: Chemical Imaging Without Dyeing), food science, Food Physical Chemistry, Biotechnology^12,13^, Agriculture and industry. NIR, IR and Raman chemical imaging is also referred to as hyperspectral, spectroscopic, spectral or multi-spectral imaging (also see micro-spectroscopy). However, other ultra-sensitive and selective, chemical imaging techniques are also in use that involve either UV-visible or fluorescence microspectroscopy.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6593/version/1

Can Plant-Made Copper Chaperones Heal Early Alzheimer&amp;#x2019;s Disease?
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bernd Kastenholz; Basil Horst; J&amp;#xfc;rgen Horst.
Commercially available medicinal plant extracts such as Ginkgo biloba leaf extract show no consistent pattern of clinical benefit for people with dementia or cognitive impairment, and have been suggested to be toxic to cells at higher doses. However, medicinal plants may contain other more efficient bioactive molecules apart from the well-known flavonoids and terpenoids. Therapeutic recombinant proteins, plant-made copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase (CCS) derived from Ginkgo biloba leaves, may establish and maintain physiologic Cu levels through restoration and modulation of biometal metabolism in organ systems of younger Alzheimer patients (&amp;#x3e; 50 years). Medications developed from plant-made copper chaperone proteins may delay progression...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5907/version/9

Chromium uptake by Fenugreek
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Xanthate D S; Murthy  Ch V R; Rajan  S C S; Sekhar D M R.
Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum- graecum) is both herb (leaves) and a spice (seed) belonging to the family Fabaceae. Fenugreek leaves and seeds are used in the cuisine of India. Fenugreek also has medicinal value. Fenugreek seeds are known to reduce serum glucose and improve glucose tolerance and hence are prescribed to diabetic patients. In the recent past supplemental Chromium is being prescribed to diabetic patients to activate (increased- insulin binding, insulin receptor number, insulin receptor phosphorylation) insulin. Plants can uptake substantial quantities of toxic metals from contaminated soils if these soils are well ameliorated. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;It is then probable that the medicinal efficacy of Fenugreek in the case of...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6762/version/1

Intrarectal administration of hCG (Human Choriogonadotropin) and fat loss as assessed by Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in experimental animals.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Daniel Belluscio; Ezequiel Klimovsky; Alejandro Kaniuk; Sergio Vaney.
Our studies suggest that in experimental animals, submitted to a hypocaloric diet, the intrarectal administration of hCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin) decreases body fat and increases lean mass content in relative values to a greater extent that control animals who did not receive hCG.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7074/version/2

Genome activity profiling of monomeric-IgE and Fc-epsilon-RI-aggregation on human mast cells reveals a complex network of genes involved in inflammatory responses.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jayapal J. Manikandan; Alirio Jose P. N. Melendez; Peter Natesan A. J. Pushparaj.
Mast cell activation, mediates type-1 allergic responses, one of the most powerful reactions of the immune system. However, mast cells activation is becoming increasingly linked to inflammatory, autoimmunity, and to adaptive immunity by regulating T-cell activation.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Here we analyzed the gene expression pattern in IgE-sensitized and Fc&amp;#x3b5;RI aggregation on human mast cells. Our data revealed coordinated changes in gene expression. We observed increased expression of gene-transcripts involved in allergic, innate and adaptive&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;immune responses. Among the most prominent findings is the increased expression of transcripts encoding for MIP3a, SPARCL1, AREG, IL18, CCL1, TNFRSF9, IL1b, CX3CR1, PTGER3, MIF, MMP12, ADORA3,...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1150/version/1

PLA Microparticles for Pulmonary Delivery of AntiTB drugs: Biodistribution study
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rahul Kumar  Verma; Jatinder Kaur; Awadh Bihari Yadav; Kauslender  Kumar; Amit Misra.
A dry powder inhalable (DPI) microparticles comprising anti-tuberculosis drugs incorporated in biodegradable polymers was developed for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis (P. Muttil _et al_. 2007). Poly L-lactic acid (PLA) microparticles incorporating a high payload of rifabutin and isoniazid were fabricated by spray drying (Buchi 190). Microparticles were composed of PLA and the drugs (rifabutin and isoniazid) at a 2:1:1 weight ratio. Microparticles of desired high encapsulation efficiency and sustained release characteristics were produced having a diameter range of 2-10 &amp;#xb5;m (Malvern Mastersizer 2000). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was carried out to study drug polymer interaction. The time course of tissue biodistribution...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2448/version/1

Effect of Baicalin on inflammatory mediator levels and microcirculation disturbance in rats with severe acute pancreatitis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Xiping Zhang; Hua Tian; Chen-Jun Wu; Xin-Ge Jiang; Qian  Ye; Li Chen; Yang Cai; Ru-Jun Xu; Qi Xie; Wenqin Yuan.
Objective: To investigate the effect of Bacailin on inflammatory mediator levels and microcirculation disturbance in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) rats and explore its therapeutic mechanism on this disease. Methods: SAP model rats were randomly divided into model control group and Baicalin treated group, 45 rats in each group. The same number of normal rats were included in sham-operated group. These groups were further subdivided into 3 h, 6 h and 12 h subgroups, respectively (15 rats in each subgroup). At 3, 6 and 12 hours after operation, rats were killed to conduct the following experiments: (1) to examine the mortality rates of rats, the ascites volume and pancreatic pathological changes in each group; (2) to determine the contents of amylase,...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1968/version/1

Nicotinic &amp;#x3b1;7 acetylcholine receptor-mediated currents are not modulated by the tryptophan metabolite kynurenic acid in adult hippocampal interneurons
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Peter  Dobelis; Andrew L. Varnell; Kevin J. Staley; Donald  C. Cooper.
The &amp;#xa0;tryptophan &amp;#xa0;metabolite, &amp;#xa0;kynurenic &amp;#xa0;acid (KYNA), &amp;#xa0;is &amp;#xa0;classically &amp;#xa0;known &amp;#xa0;to &amp;#xa0;be &amp;#xa0;an antagonist &amp;#xa0;of ionotropic&amp;#xa0;glutamate&amp;#xa0;receptors. Within the last decade several reports have been published suggesting that KYNA also blocks nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) containing the &amp;#x3b1;7 subunit (&amp;#x3b1;7*).  Most of these reports involve either indirect measurements of KYNA effects on &amp;#x3b1;7 nAChR function, or are reports of KYNA effects in complicated in vivo systems. &amp;#xa0;However, a recent report investigating KYNA interactions with &amp;#x3b1;7 nAChRs failed to detect an interaction using direct measurements of...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6277/version/1

The nitrite anion: the key intermediate in alkyl nitrates degradative mechanism.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Loris Grossi.
Alkyl nitrates, _in vivo_, are metabolized to yield nitric oxide, and thiol groups are considered necessary cofactors. This statement is based on studies that underline how these species potentiate hemodynamic responsiveness to nitrates in patients with ischemic heart disease. However, the role of thiols might be mediated by the formation of corresponding S-nitrosothiols, and a redox process is responsible for the nitrates&amp;#x27; degradation: an enzyme, probably the cytochrome P450, is involved _in vivo_. Here, we report evidence that, in vitro, no reaction between thiols and alkyl nitrates takes place, but that stronger reducing agents, such as iron (II) derivatives, are necessary: alkoxy radicals and the nitrite anion are the reaction intermediates....
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/235/version/1

New insight into DNA damage by cisplatin at the atomic scale
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Raji Heyrovska.
Cisplatin is cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) of chemical formula, Pt(NH3)Cl2, abbreviated as cis-DDP and known commercially as platinol. It is used widely as an anticancer drug for various types of cancer, ever since its discovery two centuries ago and has become a target of extensive researches. Transplatin, trans-DDP on the other hand, is found to be less or ineffective to treat cancers. Cisplatin is known to interact mainly with the N(7) nitrogen of guanine in nucleic acids, after a water molecule takes away one of the chlorines by hydrolysis. This initiates the damage of nucleic acids and eventually leads to apoptosis. However the way how this happens and why transplatin is less effective is not completely clear. Here the author brings some new...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Chemistry; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6891/version/1

USP4 is regulated by Akt phosphorylation and deubiquitylates TGF-beta type I receptor
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Long Zhang; Fangfang Zhou; Yvette Drabsch; Ewa  Snaar-Jagalska; Craig Mickanin; Huizhe Huang; Kelly-Ann Sheppard; Chris Lu; Peter ten Dijke.
Stability and membrane localization of Transforming growth factor-&amp;#x3b2; (TGF-&amp;#x3b2;) type I receptor (T&amp;#x3b2;RI) is essential for controlling TGF-&amp;#x3b2; signaling. T&amp;#x3b2;RI is targeted for ubiquitination-mediated degradation by Smad7/Smurf2 complex. However, it is unclear whether polyubiquitin modified T&amp;#x3b2;RI can be reversed. Here we performed a genome-wide gain of function screen and identified ubiquitin-specific protease (USP) 4 as a strong inducer of TGF-&amp;#x3b2; signaling. Putative oncogenic USP4 was found to interact with T&amp;#x3b2;RI as deubiquitinating enzyme thus maintains T&amp;#x3b2;R1 levels at the plasma membrane. Depletion of USP4 mitigates TGF-&amp;#x3b2;-induced breast cancer cell migration, epithelial...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6804/version/1

Design of selective peptide antibiotics by using the sequence moment concept
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Davor Juretic; Nada Ilic; Damir Vukicevic; Nikolinka Antcheva; Alessandro Tossi.
Withdrawn&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Incomplete data
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3068/version/2

Polyelectrolyte multilayer assembly bearing ketoprofen for transdermal delivery
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rachna Gupta; Preeti Yadav; Subhini A. Saraf.
A novel microencapsulation technology based on layer-by-layer assembly has been extensively studied and used for controlled delivery of drug microcrystal having poor aqueous solubility and low bioavailability. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug ketoprofen (KF)was selected for encapsulation using biodegradable and biocompatible polyions and synergistically the fabricated system was embedded in gel matrix for topical application. Topical application of the drugs at the pathological sites offer potential advantages of delivering the drug directly to the site of action and thus producing high tissue concentrations of the drug.
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3849/version/1

Herd Immunity/Herd Infection: Cultural Artifacts of Marginalization and the Dynamics of AIDS
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rodrick Wallace.
We examine conditions under which high prevalence of infectious disease can become endemic within a community, in effect constituting a state of &amp;#x27;herd infection&amp;#x27; inverse to epidemiological herd immunity. For something like AIDS, under such circumstances, a single behavioral lapse or adverse accident will probably be a death sentence.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Microbiology; Pharmacology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5864/version/1

Parenteral administration of hCG (Human Choriogonadotropin) and fat loss as assessed by Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in experimental animals.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Daniel Belluscio; Ezequiel Klimovsky; Alejandro Kaniuk; Sergio Vaney.
Our studies suggest that in experimental animals, submitted to a hypocaloric diet, the intrarectal administration of hCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin) decreases body fat and increases lean mass content in relative values to a greater extent that control animals who did not receive hCG.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7074/version/1

Insights from the Structure of Estrogen Receptor into the Evolution of Estrogens: Implications for Endocrine Disruption
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Michael E. Baker.
In the last decade, there has been important progress in understanding the origins and evolution of receptors for adrenal steroids (aldosterone, cortisol) and sex steroids (estradiol, progesterone, testosterone) due to the sequencing of genomes from animals that are at key sites in vertebrate evolution.  Although the estrogen receptor [ER] appears to be the ancestral vertebrate steroid receptor and estradiol [E2] is the physiological ligand for vertebrate ERs, the identity of the ancestral ligand(s) for the ER remains unknown.  Here, using an analysis of crystal structures of human ER[alpha] with E2 and other chemicals and 3D models of human ER[alpha] with 27-hydroxycholesterol and 5-androsten-3[beta],17[beta]-diol, we propose that one or more [DELTA]5...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Developmental Biology; Ecology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Earth &amp; Environment; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5777/version/1

Application of the Sensory Contact Model for Pharmacological Studies under Simulated Clinical Conditions
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Natalia N. Kudryavtseva; Damira F. Avgustinovich; Natalia P. Bondar; Michael V. Tenditnik; Irina L. Kovalenko.
The sensory contact model allows forming different psycho-pathological states (anxious depression, catalepsy, social withdrawal, pathological aggression, cognition disturbances, anhedonia, addictive states etc.) produced by repeated agonistic interactions in male mice and investigating the therapeutic and preventive properties of any drug as well as its efficiency under simulated clinical conditions. This approach can be useful for a better understanding of the drugs&amp;#x2019; action in different stages of disease development in individuals. It is suggested that this behavioral approach and pharmacological designs may be applied for the screening of novel psychotropic drugs. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1439/version/1

Ciproxifan, an H~3~ Receptor Antagonist, Improves Learning and Memory in the APP Mouse Model of Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s Disease
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Mark E. Bardgett; Natasha N. Davis; Molly S. Griffith.
Mice that express the mutant form of the human amyloid precursor gene associated with early-onset familial Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease demonstrate memory deficits and amyloid plaques. We show here that ciproxifan, a prototypical antagonist of H~3~-type histamine receptors, alleviates two types of learning and memory impairments in such mice. These data support the idea that modulation of H~3~ receptors represents a viable therapeutic strategy in the treatment of Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4041/version/1

Inhibiton of NF&amp;#x3ba;B activation and aromatase activity by vanilloids: An in vitro and in silico study
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Suaib  Luqman; Abha  Meena; Laura  E. Marler; Tamara  P. Kondratyuk; John  M. Pezzuto.
Target-specific drugs, including natural products, offer promise for the amelioration of cancer and other human ailments with reduced side-effects. Capsaicin, the pungent ingredient present in chillies (Capsicum annuum L.), and capsazepine, a synthetic analogue of capsaicin (collectively referred to as vanilloids), are known to possess a variety of pharmacological and physiological properties. In our continuous effort to discover cancer chemopreventive agents from natural products, we investigated the effect of vanilloids on NF&amp;#x3ba;B activation with stably transfected 293/NF&amp;#x3ba;B-Luc human embryonic kidney cells induced by treatment with tumor necrosis factor (TNF&amp;#x3b1;), and aromatase activity. Capsaicin and capsazepine blocked...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6913/version/1

A Critical Evaluation of Clinical Trials in Cancer and Pharmacogenomics
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu.
A critical overview of recent clinical trials in cancer is presented focused on signaling pathways blockers or inhibitors with a view to developing successful clinical trials employing personalized cancer therapies. Rational, pharmacogenomic strategies in cancer trials should be adopted that include specific molecular targeting based on adequate data for, and detailed modeling of, cancer cell genomes, modifications of cancer signaling pathways and epigenetic mechanisms. Novel translational oncogenomics research is rapidly expanding through the application of highly sensitive and specific advanced technology, research findings and computational tools and complex models to both pharmaceutical and clinical problems. Multiple sample analyses from several...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7052/version/1

Medicine beyond magic bullets: a formal case for multilevel interventions
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rodrick Wallace.
Western medicine&amp;#x27;s paradigmatic search for &amp;#x27;magic bullet&amp;#x27; interventions is facing increasing difficulty: Between 1950 and 2010 the inflation-adjusted cost per USFDA-approved drug has increased exponentially in time, a draconian inverse of the famous Moore&amp;#x27;s Law of computing. A sequence of empirically-oriented statistical models suggests that carefully designed synergistic multifactorial and multiscale strategies might evade this relationship.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6780/version/1

Open Source Drug Discovery
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jyoti Yadav; OSDD  Consortium.
Tuberculosis is a ravaging disease killing one person in every 1.5 minutes in India alone. Someone in the world is newly infected with TB bacilli every second. Overall, one-third of the world&amp;#x27;s population is currently infected with the TB bacillus. Left untreated, each person with active TB disease will infect on average between 10 and 15 people every year. 450 000 new MDR-TB cases are estimated to occur every year. Estimated 5% of TB patients are HIV infected. Although the complete genome sequence of the causative pathogen _Mycobacterium tuberculosis_ was published about a decade ago and many years of painstaking efforts have been invested, we are still far from having a good, fast acting drug and vaccine which confers long lasting protection....
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2537/version/1

Cellular delivery of antibodies: effective targeted subcellular imaging and new therapeutic tool
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Marzia  Massignani; Irene Canton; Nisa Patikarnmonthon; Nicholas J. Warren; Steven P. Armes; Andrew L. Lewis; Giuseppe Battaglia.
It is already more than a century since the pioneering work of the Nobel Laureate Ehrlich gave birth to the side chain theory1, which helped to define antibodies and their ability to target specific biological sites. However, the use of antibodies is still restricted to the extracellular space due to the lack of a suitable delivery vehicle for the efficient transport of antibodies into live cells without inducing toxicity. In this work, we report the efficient encapsulation and delivery of antibodies into live cells with no significant loss of cell viability or any deleterious affect on the cell metabolic activity. This delivery system is based on poly(2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl phosphorylcholine)-block-(2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl methacrylate), (PMPC-PDPA),...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Immunology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4427/version/1

Identification of potent inhibitors for p38&amp;#x3b4; MAPkinase of human through in silico analysis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Naga Lakshmi M; Manne Munikumar; Dibyabhaba  Pradhan; Amineni  Umamaheswari.
P38&amp;#x3b4; Mitogen activated protein kinase is a serine/threonine protein kinase that participates in signaling cascades, mediating cellular responses to cytokinines, UV radiation, hyperosmotic stress, inducing keratinocyte differentiation and regulating apoptosis. Over expression of p38&amp;#x3b4; leads to tumor development by impairing the ERK1/2 &amp;#x2013;AP1 pathway that is critically linked to the control of cell proliferation and tumorigenesis on skin which was experimentally proven in knockout mice. Therefore, herein, a computational approach was undertaken to design novel inhibitors against p38delta for effective cancer therapy. The tertiary structure of p38&amp;#x3b4; was retrieved from a protein databank and active sites were predicted from...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5459/version/1

Phytochemical Approach and Bioanalytical Strategy to Develop Chaperone-Based Medications
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bernd Kastenholz.
Currently, no pharmaceuticals for the etiological treatment of degenerative protein-misfolding diseases (e.g., ALS, Alzheimer&amp;#x2019;s or prion diseases) are commercially available. Therefore, in this technical note theoretical considerations and practical approaches concerning the development of chaperone-based medications from medicinal plants (e.g., Ginkgo biloba) are reviewed and discussed in detail. Phytochaperones and other agents isolated from medicinal plants are proposed to serve as the general basis of drug development in protein-misfolding diseases.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1431/version/2

Role of cardiac resynchronization therapy in the development of new-onset atrial fibrillation:  A single-center prospective study.
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Gaetano Santulli; Massimo Chiariello; Cristofaro d&amp;#x27;Ascia; Salvatore d&amp;#x27;Ascia.
Albeit several studies examined the association between cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) and atrial fibrillation (AF) in heart failure (HF), results are still unclear and quite conflicting. We thereby designed a single-center prospective study to determine whether CRT has a favorable effect on the incidence of new-onset AF in a homogeneous population of patients with non-ischemic idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and severe heart failure HF. We enrolled 58 patients, AF na&amp;#xef;ve when received CRT. After 1 year of follow-up our population was subdivided into responders (72.4%) and non (27.6%), so to compare the incidence of AF after 1, 2 and 3 years of follow-up in these two groups. Already after 1 year, there is a significant (p&amp;#x3c;0.05)...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Ecology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Earth &amp; Environment.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7137/version/1

Neural Networks, Cell Genome and Interactome Nonlinear Dynamic Models
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu.
Operational logic and bioinformatics models of nonlinear dynamics in complex functional systems such as neural networks, genomes and cell interactomes are proposed. &amp;#x141;ukasiewicz Algebraic Logic models of genetic networks and signaling pathways in cells are formulated in terms of nonlinear dynamic systems with n-state components that allow for the generalization of previous logical models of both genetic activities and neural networks. An algebraic formulation of variable &amp;#x27;next-state functions&amp;#x27; is extended to a &amp;#x141;ukasiewicz Topos with an n-valued &amp;#x141;ukasiewicz Algebraic Logic subobject classifier description that represents non-random and nonlinear network activities as well as their transformations in...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6206/version/1

The spread of antimalarial drug resistance: A mathematical model with practical implications for ACT drug policies
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Wirichada Pongtavornpinyo; Shunmay Yeung; Ian Hastings; Arjen Dondorp; Nicholas Day; Nicholas White.
Most malaria-endemic countries are implementing a change in antimalarial drug policy to artemisinin combination therapy (ACT). The impact of different drug choices and implementation strategies is uncertain. A comprehensive model was constructed incorporating important epidemiological and biological factors and used to illustrate the spread of resistance in low and high transmission settings. The model predicts robustly that in low transmission settings drug resistance spreads faster than in high transmission settings, and that in low transmission areas ACTs slows the spread of drug resistance to a partner drug, especially at high coverage rates. This effect decreases exponentially with increasing delay in deploying the ACT and decreasing rates of...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1539/version/1

Steroid substrate-induced epimerase mechanism in the active site of the human 11&amp;#x3b2;-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Olivier Hennebert; Matthieu Montes; Alain Favre-Reguillon; Henry Chermette; Clotilde Ferroud; Robert Morfin.
Cytochrome P4507B1 7[alpha]-hydroxylates dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), epiandrosterone (EpiA) and 5[alpha]-androstane-3[beta],17[beta]-diol (Adiol). 11[beta]-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11[beta]-HSD1) interconverts 7[alpha]- and 7[beta]- forms. Whether the inter-conversion proceeds through oxido-reductive steps or epimerase activity is investigated. Experiments using ^3^H-labeled 7[beta]-hydroxy-DHEA, 7[beta]-hydroxy-EpiA and 7[beta]-hydroxy-Adiol show the ^3^H-label to accumulate in 7-oxo-DHEA trap but neither in 7-oxo-EpiA nor 7-oxo-Adiol traps. Computed models of 7-oxygenated steroids dock in the active site of 11[beta]-HSD1 either in a flipped or turned form relative to cortisone and cortisol. 7-Oxo-steroid reduction in 7[alpha]- or...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1861/version/1

Systemic similarity analysis of compatibility drug-induced multiple pathway patterns _in vivo_
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Zhong Wang; Zhan-jun Zhang; Yi Wang; Yiyu Cheng; Weida Tong; Yongyan Wang.
A major challenge in post-genomic research is to understand how physiological and pathological phenotypes arise from the networks of expressed genes and to develop powerful tools for translating the information exchanged between gene and the organ system networks. Although different expression modules may contribute independently to different phenotypes, it is difficult to interpret microarray experimental results at the level of single gene associations. The global effects and response pathways of small molecules in cells have been investigated, but the quantitative details of the activation mechanisms of multiple pathways _in vivo_ are not well understood. Similar response networks indicate similar modes of action, and gene networks may appear to be...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1688/version/1

Beyond the fuzzy lock-and-key: spontaneous symmetry shifts and glycan/lectin logic gates
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rodrick Wallace.
Changes in the molecular topology of glycan/lectin interaction may explain observed reaction punctuation driven by experimental gradients in reactant concentration. Adoption of a &amp;#x27;biological renormalization&amp;#x27; perspective from statistical physics for the analysis of such phase transitions suggests, in marked contrast to conventional physical systems, a broad spectrum of possible universality class behaviors. This spectrum may, in typical perverse biological manner, be of central scientific interest. Generalization, via formalism abducted from coevolutionary theory, suggests that glycan/lectin molecular switches instantiate logic gates that may be as sophisticated as those characterizing basic neural process, if on a different scale.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Immunology; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6849/version/1

In Silico Docking Analysis of Peptide Deformylase (PDF) - A Novel Target for Prophylaxis of Leptospirosis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Virupaksha A. Bastikar; Shweta R. Fulsundar; Jagdish S. Nair.
Peptide deformylase (PDF) is a metalloproteinase and executes an essential step in the maturation of proteins in eubacteria, by removing the formyl group from the N-terminal methionine residue of ribosome-synthesized polypeptides. This process is crucial for bacterial survival because mature proteins do not retain N-formyl-methionine, and all known N-terminal peptidases cannot utilize formylated peptides as substrate. Thus, inhibition of PDF is essential to obstruct the bacterial protein maturation process. Antibiotics based on PDF inhibition have the potential to provide the much needed antibacterial activity against most of the major drug-resistant pathogens. This study comprises an implementation of _in-silico_ techniques to validate and map the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1520/version/1

Food Physical Chemistry and Biophysical Chemistry (v2)
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu.
Food Physical Chemistry is considered to be a branch of Food Chemistry^1,2^ concerned with the study of both physical and chemical interactions in foods in terms of physical and chemical principles applied to food systems, as well as the applications of physical/chemical techniques and instrumentation for the study of foods^3,4,5,6^.  This field encompasses the &amp;#x22;physiochemical principles of the reactions and conversions that occur during the manufacture, handling, and storage of foods&amp;#x22;^7^. Two rapidly growing, related areas are Food Biotechnology and Food Biophysical Chemistry.  &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6573/version/2

Ornithine decarboxylase activity, a clinical biomarker for evaluating cancer chemopreventive efficacy of phytomolecules
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Nusrat Masood; Vijaya Dubey; Suaib Luqman.
Biomarkers of cancer have made a strong traipse in predicting the disease pattern and contributed significantly to the understanding of tumour state, progression, characteristics and response to therapies. Polyamines such as putrescine, spermine and spermidine are cationic biomolecules essential for the cell cycle function and serve as excellent biomarkers of tumour progression. The polyamine biosynthesis is tightly regulated by ornithine decarboxylase, a highly inducible enzyme specific to pH, temperature, time and substrate concentration. The expression of this enzyme is very high during cell transformation and tumour progression leading to elevated level of polyamines. To measure the activity of ornithine decarboxylase an improved, easy, simple,...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6643/version/1

Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy as a Quantitative Tool Applied to Drug Delivery Model Systems
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Christoph Jung; Sigrun Polier; Markus Schoeffel; M Drechsler; Valerie Jerome; Ruth Freitag.
The delivery of drugs to cells is a very active area of research. Drugs are commonly believed to ameliorate illnesses. The targeted, controlled and/or enhanced uptake of the drug into cells is facilitated by loading the drug into carrier vehicles (nanoparticles, e.g.. micelles).The distribution of a drug over the nanoparticles used to deliver the drug to the targeted cells is of vital importance. It makes a difference, whether all nanoparticles carry the same amount of drug or whether a little amount of the nanoparticles carries a high proportion of the drug material and most nanoparticles carry no material. This depends on the method used to load the drugs into the carriers. Furthermore, the absolute amount of drug present in the nanoparticles and the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4140/version/1

Small Colony Variants and Senescent Bacteria
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jaison Jacob.
Small colony variants (SCVs) are bacterial subpopulation that grow slowly and form smaller colonies. They have been described for a wide range of bacterial species, but most extensively studied for Staphylococci. They are considered as mutants that are auxotrophic to hemin, thiamine or thymidine. In the presence of auxotrophic agents, they revert to normal growth. They are tolerant to many antibiotics and are implicated in chronic and persistent infections. In this presentation, it is proposed that most of them are normal senescent bacteria that do not revert in the presence of auxotrophic agents. SCVs can explain the concentration dependent killing property, long post-antibiotic effect and increased resistance to aminoglycosides.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Microbiology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3118/version/1

Development and Characterization of Eudragit RS 100 Loaded Microsponges and its Colonic Delivery Using Natural Polysaccharides
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Vikas Jain; Ranjit Singh.
In the present work, paracetamol loaded eudragit based microsponges were prepared using quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion method. The compatibility of the drug with various formulation components was established. Process parameters were analyzed in order to optimize the formulation. Shape and surface morphology of the microsponges were examined using scanning electron microscopy. The colon specific formulations were prepared by compression coating of microsponges with pectin:hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) mixture followed by tabletting. The in vitro dissolution studies were done on all formulations and the results were evaluated kinetically and statically. The kinetics of release study showed that the release data followed Higuchi matrix and the main...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3676/version/1

Antiviral activity of (E)-cinnamaldehyde revisited with nanoscience tools
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Arunava Goswami; Ayesha Rahman.
Contradictory results have been reported regarding the anti-viral activity of (E)-cinnamaldehyde, a major constituent (~69%) of cinnamon. Here we show that (E)-cinnamaldehyde alone has very low antiviral property contrary to the belief of commoners. There are early sporadic reports in ancient medicinal practices that fine sand was used for increasing the efficacy of antiviral drugs. Can we increase the efficacy of (E)-cinnamaldehyde marginally by using one of the major constituents of sand like silica? Yes, when nanosilica is used as a carrier during (E)-cinnamaldehyde administration, the antiviral efficacy of the resultant cocktail increases marginally. Therefore, (E)-cinnamaldehyde consumed for centuries in tribal therapy as well as in alternative...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5043/version/1

Integrative concept of homeostasis: translating physiology into medicine
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Ivan Spasojevic.
To truly understand living systems they must be viewed as a whole. In order to achieve this and to come to some law to which living systems obey, data obtained on cells, tissues and organs should be integrated. Because there are no such laws yet, there is usually a long path for physiological findings obtained by reductionist approaches to be translated into medical practice. The concept and accompanying equations of homeostasis presented here are aimed to develop biological laws and to bridge this gap between physiology and medicine. The concept of homeostasis takes into account energy input and output, enlisting all relevant contributors. In homeostasis, changes in the input should equal changes in the output within any specific period of time. What I...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6741/version/2

New source for L-iditol and taxanes
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Liu Xi-Kui; Liu Jian-Jun.
We describe the first report of the recovery of L-iditol and Taxane from an angiosperm- Yunnanopilia longistaminata (W.Z.Li) C.Y.Wu et D.Z.Li (Opiliaceae). Two taxane compounds and L-iditol were isolated from the tender burgeon of Yunnanopilia longistaminata, and their structure were identified as Taxayunnansin B, Taxumairol E and L-iditol on the basis of NMR and MS spectrum, respectively. It is a new plant source for L-iditol and taxanes.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1502/version/1

Can Plant-Made Copper Chaperones Heal Early Alzheimer&amp;#x2019;s Disease?
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Bernd Kastenholz; Basil Horst; J&amp;#xfc;rgen Horst.
Commercially available medicinal plant extracts such as Ginkgo biloba leaf extract show no consistent pattern of clinical benefit for people with dementia or cognitive impairment, and have been suggested to be toxic to cells at higher doses. However, medicinal plants may contain other more efficient bioactive molecules apart from the well-known flavonoids and terpenoids. Therapeutic recombinant plant-made copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase (CCS) derived from Ginkgo biloba leaves may establish and maintain physiologic Cu levels through restoration and modulation of biometal metabolism in organ systems of younger Alzheimer patients (&amp;#x3e; 50 years). Medications developed from plant-made copper chaperone proteins may delay progression during early...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5907/version/2

Complex Systems Analysis of Cell Cycling Models in Carcinogenesis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu.
A new approach to the modular, complex systems analysis of nonlinear dynamics in cell cycling network transformations involved in carcinogenesis is proposed. Carcinogenesis is a complex process that involves dynamically inter-connected biomolecules in the intercellular, membrane, cytosolic, nuclear and nucleolar compartments that form numerous inter-related pathways referred to as networks.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The variable biotopology of such dynamic networks is highly complex, and has a number of interesting properties that can be formally characterized at one level of organization by mathematical structures called &amp;#x27;biogroupoids&amp;#x27;. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;One such family of pathways contains the cell cyclins. Cyclins are proteins that link several...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6205/version/1

Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer&amp;#x27;s disease by NIRF Spectroscopy  and Nuclear Medicine
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: I. C. Baianu.
There is an urgent need for the early detection of diseases such as Alzheimer&amp;#x2019;s (AD) and Cancers in order to enable their successful treatment. Cancer is the second major cause of death after Heart Disease, and AD is the third major cause of death with major, human and financial/economics trillion dollar consequences for the society. Nuclear Medicine is concerned with applications in Medicine of Nuclear Science and Engineering techniques and knowledge. Three major Nuclear Medicine techniques that are established for diagnostic and research purposes are: Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and CAT/CT, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging (NMRI/MRI). However, these three techniques have also major limitations in terms of either cost or image...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6271/version/1

Angiogenesis in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Alessandro Matarese; Gaetano Santulli.
Angiogenesis is a crucial component of lung pathophysiology, not only in cancer but also in other disorders, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In COPD angiogenesis is definitely able to control and orchestrate the progression of airway remodeling. Herein, we provide several remarkable translational aspects of angiogenesis in COPD, exploring both basic and clinical research in this field. Indeed, we present a number of pro- and anti-angiogenic factors, which can be also used as potential biomarkers to monitor disease progression. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;This pre-print has subsequently been published at http://www.unisa.it/uploads/7100/06.pdf
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/7112/version/1

Harnessing Aquatic Yeasts For Developing A New Generation of Sunscreens
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Hycienth Braganca; Nandkumar Kamat.
Around 100 yeast genera and 800 species have been isolated and characterized. Nagahama (2006) has reviewed yeast biodiversity in freshwater, marine and deep-Sea Environments. Our work aims at systematic biodiversity assessment of freshwater aquatic yeasts from Goa with major focus on carotenogenic basidiomycetes yeasts which on exposure to potentially damaging levels of solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) accumulate photoprotective compounds (PPC) such as mycosporine-glutaminol-glucoside (myc-glu-glu, peak absorption at 309-310nm) that server as sunscreens and /or antioxidant. These yeasts are a potential source of a particularly diverse family of such substances, collectively referred to as mycosporine- like amino-acids (MAAs). This paper presents the...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Ecology; Microbiology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4249/version/1

Multifunction moonlighting and intrinsically disordered proteins: Information catalysis, nonrigid molecule symmetries, and the &amp;#x27;logic gate&amp;#x27; spectrum
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Rodrick Wallace.
Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDP) appear far more likely to engage in functional moonlighting than well-structured proteins. The recent use of nonrigid molecule theory to address IDP structure and dynamics produces this result directly: Mirror image subgroup or subgroupoid tiling matching of the molecular fuzzy lock-and-key can be much richer for IDPs since the number of possible group or groupoid symmetries can grow exponentially with molecule length, while tiling matching for 3D structured proteins is relatively limited. A simple information catalysis model suggests how this mechanism can produce a vast spectrum of biological &amp;#x27;logic gates&amp;#x27; having subtle properties far beyond familiar AND, OR, XOR, etc. behaviors. Inferring the...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Chemistry; Developmental Biology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6413/version/1

Rapid extinction of cocaine craving: toward a novel cue exposure therapy
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Serge H. Ahmed; George F. Koob.
Cocaine does not only evoke intense rewarding sensations but also induces craving for more cocaine. This latter effect is especially obvious in addicted individuals and is thought to contribute together with other factors to trigger relapse after abstinence. Cocaine-induced craving can be studied in animals in the drug reinstatement model. In this model, responding for the drug (e.g., pressing a lever) is first extinguished by discontinuing drug reinforcement and then reinstated by drug priming (i.e., non-contingent re-exposure to the drug) or stress. Importantly, during reinstatement testing, responses continue to be unrewarded as during extinction and, therefore, reflect genuine drug seeking. Here we show that reinstatement of cocaine seeking can be...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2980/version/1

Preliminary results of a semi-empirical study on the structure and reactivity of the Paroxetine drug
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Giuseppe Lubes.
Paroxetine is a widely consumed drug with antidepressant and anxiolytic activity prescribed in the treatment of related disorders, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic fits, social phobias and post-traumatic stress. Molecular modelling analyses show that both semi-empirical methods (PM3 and AM1) give us approximated the same values of heat of formation, Total energy, binding energy, nuclear energy, Dipole moment, HOMO and LUMO energies, etc. And the Paroxetine molecule has a large negative heat of formation indicating that it is a molecule thermodynamically stable.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3047/version/1

Neem leaf glucosamine stimulates Interleukin-2 (IL-2) in swiss albino mice
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Santhosh Kumar Venugopalan; Navaratnam Viswesharan; Rajasekaran Aiyalu; Nair N K.
Neem leaf glucosamine-mediated immune stimulation was studied in male swiss albino mice. Mice were treated with three doses of Neem leaf glucosamine (266, 400 and 800 &amp;#xb5;g/30gm mouse, intraperitoneal injection) one dose per week for four weeks. At doses of 266, 400 and 800 &amp;#xb5;g/30gm mouse a significant increase in Interleukin-2 in mice serum was observed when compared to the control group and also an increase in relative organ weight of the thymus was observed but there was a mild increase in liver and kidney weights. The immune stimulatory response of Neem leaf glucosamine was also observed in T-lymphocyte proliferation. Overall, Neem leaf glucosamine showed a stimulatory effect on immune functions in mice. The immunostimulatory effect of...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5923/version/1

Three Dimensional Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships of Sulfonamides Binding Monoclonal Antibody by Comparative Molecular Field Analysis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Zhanhui  Wang; Xingyuan Cao; Zhenpeng  Kai; Ross C. Beier; Congming Wu; Haiyang Jiang; Linli Cheng; Jianzhong Shen; Xinling Yang.
The three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) model of sulfonamide analogs binding a monoclonal antibody (MabSMR) produced against sulfamerazine, was carried out by comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA). The affinities of MabSMR, expressed as Log10IC50, for 17 sulfonamide analogs were determined by competitive fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA). Removal of two outliers from the initial set of 17 sulfonamide analogs improved the predictability of the models. The 3D-QSAR model of 15 sulfonamides resulted in q2cv values of 0.600, and r2 values of 0.995, respectively. This novel study combining FPIA with CoMFA demonstrates that multidisciplinary research can be used as a useful tool to investigate...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2646/version/1

MMsPred: a bioactivity and toxicology predictive system
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Joel Masciocchi; Luca Pireddu; Ricardo Medda; Piergiorgio Palla; Matteo Floris; Luca Pani; Patricia Rodriguez-Tome.
In the last decade, the development and use of new methods in combinatorial chemistry and high-throughput screening has dramatically increased the number of known biologically active compounds. Paradoxically, the number of drugs reaching the market has not followed the same trend, often because many of the candidate drugs present poor qualities in absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicological properties (ADME-Tox). The ability to recognize and discard bad candidates early in the drug discovery steps would save lost investments in time and money. Machine learning techniques could provide solutions to this problem.&amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;The goal of my research is to develop classifiers that accurately discriminate between active and inactive...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4188/version/1

Novel network pharmacology methods for drug mechanism of action identification, pre-clinical drug screening and drug repositioning
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jianghui Xiong.
The high rates of failure in oncology drug clinical trials highlight the problems of using pre-clinical data to predict the clinical effects of drugs. Here we present two methodology innovations on network pharmacology modeling. (1) We hypothesize that the gene network associated with cancer outcome in heterogeneous patient populations could serve as a reference for identifying drug effects. We proposed a novel in vivo genetic interaction between genes as &amp;#x2018;synergistic outcome determination&amp;#x2019;, in a similar way to &amp;#x2018;synthetic lethality&amp;#x2019;. We scanned above genetic interactions based on microarray profiling for cancer prognosis, and identified a cluster of important yet epigenetically regulated gene modules. By...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Cancer; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6455/version/1

Are plants with anti-cancer activity resistant to crown gall? : A test of hypothesis
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: R Srirama; BT. Ramesha; G. Ravikanth; R. Uma Shaanker; KN Ganeshaiah.
The Crown gall tumour assay (CGTA) is one of several bench top bioassays recommended for the rapid screening of plants with anti-cancer activity. The rationale for the use of the bioassay is that the tumorogenic mechanism initiated in plant tissues by _Agrobacterium tumefaciens_ is in many ways similar to that of animals.  Several plant species with anti-cancer activity have already been discovered using this bioassay.  However till date no explicit test of an association between anti-cancer activity of plants and their resistance to crown gall formation has been demonstrated. Demonstration of an association could have exploratory potential when searching for plants with anti-cancer activity. In this paper, we determined whether or not a statistically...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Pharmacology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1456/version/1

Genome-wide transcription analysis of interaction between the human macrophage and Mycobacterium tuberculosis during concurrent drug administration by conventional and novel methods
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Awadh Bihari Yadav; Amit K. Singh; Amit Misra.
Targeted drug delivery to alveolar macrophages harboring Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) holds promise of high efficacy against pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). It was investigated whether inhalable microparticles (MP) can rescue macrophages from &amp;#x2018;alternative&amp;#x2019; activation induced by pathogenic Mtb in addition to achieving targeted drug delivery. A genome-wide transcription analysis (Affymetrix HG-U133 Plus 2.0 DNA microarray) of THP-1 cell line derived macrophages was undertaken after exposing them to infection with 10 MOI of MTB H37Rv at 0, 12 and 24 hours post infection. The Molecular markers of macrophage bactericidal activity were assayed in THP-1- and primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-derived macrophages, in the...
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2453/version/1

Why Do Glucocorticoids Produce Potent and Persistent Diuresis Only in Subjects with Volume Overload Other Than Euvolemia
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Chao Liu; Kunshen Liu.
Background: The role of glucocorticoids in body fluid control is full of controversy. It is well documented that glucocorticoids could produce potent and persistent diuresis in congestive heart failure. But, the diuretic effect was not reported in patients with euvolemia.     &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Objective: To test the hypothesis that the diuresis induced by glucocorticoids is systemic volume dependent. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Methods: The diuretic effect of glucocorticoids in rats with various systemic volume statuses (i.e. systemic volume depletion, euvolemia, and systemic volume overload, respectively) was recorded. &amp;#xd;&amp;#xa;Results: Glucocorticoids only produced potent and persistent diuresis in the rats with systemic volume...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5559/version/1

Gulf War Syndrome: A role for organophosphate induced plasticity of locus coeruleus neurons
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Jun-li  Cao; Andrew L. Varnell; Donald C. Cooper.
Gulf War syndrome is a chronic multi-symptom illness that has affected about a quarter of the deployed veterans of the 1991 Gulf War. Exposure to prolonged low-level organophosphate insecticides and other toxic chemicals is now thought to be responsible. Chlorpyrifos was one commonly used insecticide. The metabolite of chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos oxon, is a potent irreversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, much like the nerve agent Sarin. To date, the target brain region(s) most susceptible to the neuroactive effects of chlorpyrifos oxon have yet to be identified. To address this we tested ability of chlorpyrifos oxon to influence neuronal excitability and induce lasting changes in the locus coeruleus, a brain region implicated in anxiety, substance...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6057/version/1

Biotransformation of artemisinin mediated through fungal strains for obtaining derivatives with novel activities
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Suchita  Srivastava; Suaib  Luqman; Atiya  Fatima; Mahendra  P. Darokar; Arvind  S. Negi; J K. Kumar; Karuna  Shanker; Chandan  S. Chanotiya; Sudeep  Tandon; Suman  P. S. Khanuja.
Artemisinin, a sesquiterpene lactone, is the active antimalarial constituent of Artemisia annua. Several fungal strains Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Picchia pastoris were used to biotransform artemisinin. Among these strains, A. flavus was the only microorganism capable of transforming artemisinin to deoxyartemisinin in higher yields than the previous reports. The structure of deoxyartemisinin was elucidated by spectroscopy. Deoxyartemisinin showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis and S. mutans at a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1 mg/mL compared to artemisinin whose MIC was &amp;#x3e;2 mg/mL.
Tipo: Poster
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6925/version/1

BBSRC Data Sharing Policy
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Amanda Collis; David McAllister; Michael Ball.
BBSRC recognizes the importance of contributing to the growing international efforts in data sharing. BBSRC is committed to getting the best value for the funds we invest and believes that making research data more readily available will reinforce open scientific inquiry and stimulate new investigations and analyses. BBSRC supports the view that data sharing should be led by the scientific community and driven by scientific need. It should also be cost effective and the data shared should be of the highest quality. Members of the community are expected and encouraged to practice and promote data sharing, determine standards and best practice, and create a scientific culture in which data sharing is embedded.
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Developmental Biology; Genetics &amp; Genomics; Immunology; Microbiology; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Plant Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Data Standards.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6015/version/1

MIF-AMPK cascades
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Heng Ma; Jingying Wang; Erin Lane; Lin Leng; Wenkui Wang; Jun Ren; Richard Bucala; Ji Li.
Withdrawn for publication
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Molecular Cell Biology; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2466/version/2

TRPC4 ion channel protein is selectively expressed in a subpopulation of dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: Kurt R. Illig; Andrew  L. Varnell; Eric M. Ostertag; William  D. Klipec; Donald  C. Cooper.
The nonselective cation channel TRPC4 has been shown to be present in high abundance in the corticolimbic regions of the brain and play a pivotal role in modulating cellular excitability due to their involvement in intracellular Ca^2+^ regulation. Recently we reported their involvement in socialization and regulating anxiety-like behaviors in rats. Given the important role for dopamine in modulating emotions involved in social anxiety we investigated whether TRPC4 protein and mRNA was found on dopaminergic neurons of the ventral tegmental area (VTA). Using emulsion autoradiography we found that TRPC4 mRNA is indeed present in the VTA and the substantia nigra. Additionally, immunohistochemistry verified it&amp;#x2019;s presence on a subpopulation of...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Genetics &amp; Genomics; Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6577/version/1

Deletion of the trpc4 gene and its role in simple and complex strategic learning
Provedor de dados: 17
Autores: William  D. Klipec; Phuong  Nguyen; Bridget  Deeney; Claire  Williamson; Kami  Wenzel; Jessica  Stumme; Marissa  Collins; Abby  Drish; Laura  Swenson; Eric  Ostertag; Donald C. Cooper.
The TRPC4 ion channel is expressed extensively in corticolimbic and a subpopulation of midbrain dopamine neurons. While TRPC4 knockout (KO) rats exhibit reduced sociability and social exploration, little is known about the role of TRPC4 in motivation and learning. To identify a function for TRPC4 channels in learning processes &amp;#xa0;we tested TRPC4 KO and normal&amp;#xa0;wild type (WT) rats. TRPC4 KO and WT rats exhibited no differences in Y-&amp;#xad;maze&amp;#xa0;learning or simple discrimination learning. Furthermore, on a more complex serial reversal shift task designed &amp;#xa0;to assess strategic learning where the reward and non-&amp;#xad;reward cues were repeatedly reversed between training sessions both TRPC4 KO and WT rats &amp;#xa0;...
Tipo: Manuscript
Palavras-chave: Neuroscience; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6929/version/1

Repair of UVB-Damaged Skin by the antioxidant sulphated flavone glycoside Thalassiolin B Isolated from the marine plant Thalassia testudinum Banks ex König
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Regalado, E.L.; Rodríguez, M.; Menéndez, R.; Concepción, A.A.; Nogueiras, C.; Laguna, A.; Rodríguez, A.A.; Williams, D.E.; Lenzo-Luaces, P.; Valdés, O.; Hernandez, Y.
Daily topical application of the aqueous ethanolic extract of the marine sea grass, Thalassia testudinum, on mice skin exposed to UVB radiation resulted in a dose dependent recovery of the skin macroscopic alterations over a 6-day period. Maximal effect (90%) occurred at a dose of 240 μg/cm2, with no additional effects at higher doses. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the plant extract resulted in the isolation of thalassiolin B (1). Topical application of 1 (240 μg/cm2) markedly reduces skin UVB-induced damage. In addition, thalassiolin B scavenged 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical with an EC50=100 μg/ml. These results suggest that thalassiolin B is responsible for the skin regenerating effects of the crude extract of T. testudinum
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Chemistry; Pharmacology; Chemistry; Pharmacology; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1522; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_5760.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/3865

Scientific Performance of Brazilian Researchers in Pharmacology with grants from CNPq: A comparative study within the Brazilian categories
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: KAMDEM,JEAN P.; ABOLAJI,AMOS O.; ROOS,DANIEL H.; CALABRÓ,LUCIANA; BARBOSA,NILDA V.; SOUZA,DIOGO O.; ROCHA,JOÃO BATISTA T.
ABSTRACT In Brazil, scientific performance of researchers is one important criteria for decision-making in grant allocation. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate and compare the profile of 82 seniors' investigators (graded as level 1A-D) which were receiving CNPq (National Council for Scientific and Technological Development) productivity grant in Pharmacology, by analyzing the pattern of citation of their papers and h-index. Total documents, citations (with and without self-citations) and h-index (with and without self-citations) were retrieved from the Scopus database. The results indicated a clear difference among researchers from the higher categories (1A and 1B) in most of the parameters analyzed. However, no noticeable differentiation was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bibliometric analyses; Brazilian scientific performance; Citation analysis; CNPq; Pharmacology; Scientometrics.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652016000501735

Anti-obesity Effects of the Administration of Tournefortia paniculata Cham Extract on Wistar Rats Subjected to a Hypercaloric Diet
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Simão,Anderson Assaid; Ramos,Vinicius de Oliveira; Corrêa,Angelita Duarte; Sousa,Raimundo Vicente de; Marcussi,Silvana.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic and toxicologic effects of the administration of the powered vegetable extract and aqueous extract of Tournefortia paniculata leaves on Wistar rats, subjected to a hypercaloric diet for 42 days. The rats were divided into five groups and were given the following treatments by gavage: T0 (control) - 1.0 mL water day-1; T1 - aqueous extract containing 14 mg phenolic compounds kg-1 rat day-1; T2 - 14 mg quercetin kg-1 rat day-1; T3 - 50 mg powered vegetable extract from T. paniculata leaves (PVE) kg-1 rat day-1 and T4 - 100 mg PVE kg-1 rat day-1. The treatments did not significantly alter the weight, but were effective in reducing liver fat, glucose and serum triglycerides. The treatment T1 reduced food...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Medicinal plants; Pharmacology; Antioxidants; Genotoxicity.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132015000400494

Antifungal pharmacodynamics: Latin America's perspective
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Gonzalez,Javier M.; Rodriguez,Carlos A.; Agudelo,Maria; Zuluaga,Andres F.; Vesga,Omar.
Abstract The current increment of invasive fungal infections and the availability of new broad-spectrum antifungal agents has increased the use of these agents by non-expert practitioners, without an impact on mortality. To improve efficacy while minimizing prescription errors and to reduce the high monetary cost to the health systems, the principles of pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) are necessary. A systematic review of the PD of antifungals agents was performed aiming at the practicing physician without expertise in this field. The initial section of this review focuses on the general concepts of antimicrobial PD. In vitro studies, fungal susceptibility and antifungal serum concentrations are related with different doses and dosing...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antifungal agents; Pharmacology; Pharmacodynamics; Pharmacokinetics; Candidiasis; Aspergillosis.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702017000100079

Assessing the pharmacodynamic profile of intravenous antibiotics against prevalent Gram-negative organisms collected in Colombia
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Villegas,Maria Virginia; Briceno,David Felipe; Ruiz,Sory Jamil; Furtado,Guilherme H; Nicolau,David P.
OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to simulate standard and optimized dosing regimens for intravenous antibiotics against contemporary populations of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using MIC distribution data to determine which of the tested carbapenem regimens provided the greatest opportunity for obtaining maximal pharmacodynamic (PD) activity. METHODS: The isolates studied were obtained from the COMPACT-COLOMBIA surveillance program conducted between February and November 2009. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted by broth microdilution method according to the CLSI guidelines. Doripenem, imipenem-cilastatin, and meropenem, were the modeled antibiotics. A 5,000 patient Monte...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Drug resistance; Bacterial; Gram-negative bacteria; Monte Carlo Method; Colombia; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702011000500001

Animal models of anxiety: an ethological perspective
Provedor de dados: 56
In the field of anxiety research, animal models are used as screening tools in the search for compounds with therapeutic potential and as simulations for research on mechanisms underlying emotional behaviour. However, a solely pharmacological approach to the validation of such tests has resulted in distinct problems with their applicability to systems other than those involving the benzodiazepine/GABAA receptor complex. In this context, recent developments in our understanding of mammalian defensive behaviour have not only prompted the development of new models but also attempts to refine existing ones. The present review focuses on the application of ethological techniques to one of the most widely used animal models of anxiety, the elevated plus-maze...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Animal models of anxiety; Ethology; Defence; Risk assessment; Plus-maze; Behavioural profiling; Pharmacology.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1997000300002

Biotechnology of polyketides: new breath of life for the novel antibiotic genetic pathways discovery through metagenomics
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Gomes,Elisângela Soares; Schuch,Viviane; Lemos,Eliana Gertrudes de Macedo.
The discovery of secondary metabolites produced by microorganisms (e.g., penicillin in 1928) and the beginning of their industrial application (1940) opened new doors to what has been the main medication source for the treatment of infectious diseases and tumors. In fact, approximately 80 years after the discovery of the first antibiotic compound, and despite all of the warnings about the failure of the "goose that laid the golden egg," the potential of this wealth is still inexorable: simply adjust the focus from "micro" to "nano", that means changing the look from microorganisms to nanograms of DNA. Then, the search for new drugs, driven by genetic engineering combined with metagenomic strategies, shows us a way to bypass the barriers imposed by...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Environmental samples; Pharmacology; PKSs; New drugs.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822013000400002

Multi-drug resistance (MDR1) gene and P-glycoprotein influence on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodymanic of therapeutic drugs
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Linardi,Renata Lehn; Natalini,Cláudio Corrêa.
(MDR1) gene expressed in tumor cells and also in several normal tissues, such as intestine, liver, kidney, blood-brain barrier, spinal cord, and placenta. P-gp has been identified in mice, rat, bovine, monkey, rodents, and human beings and has been receiving a particular clinical relevance because this protein expression limits brain access and intestinal absorption of many drugs. This protein plays a role as a protective barrier against a wide variety of substrates, avoiding drug entry into the central nervous system. P-glycoprotein also interferes with drug bioavailability and disposition, including absorption, distribution, metabolization, and excretion, influencing pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic of drugs. Modulation of P-gp may help the efficacy...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: MDR1 gene; P-glycoprotein; Therapeutics; Pharmacology.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782006000100056