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Data/hora: 09/06/2024 05:24:33

Morphometric and Hormonal Study of the Effect of Utrica diocia Extract on Mammary Glands in Rats
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Jalili,C; Salahshoor,M. R; Yousefi,D; Khazaei,M; Shabanizadeh Darehdori,A; Mokhtari,T.
Urtica diocia is a multipurpose herb in traditional medicine. Its hydroalcoholic extract (20, 50 and 100 mg/kg) administered interaperitoneally to Wistar female rats for 21 consequent days resulted in significant increase in the number of alveoli of mammary glands in doses of 20 and 50 mg/kg. Changes in serum prolactin and alveolar diameter were not significant in comparison with control group. Also, there was an increase in serum prolactin and alveolar diameter in doses of 20 and 50 mg/kg. Utrica diocia extract has positive effects on mammary glands.
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Utrica diocia; Morphometric; Hormonal; Mammary glands; Rat.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022015000300028

Investigation of Various Events Occurring in the Brain Tissue After Calvarial Defects in Rats
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Tas,Mahmut; Gok,Ertugrul; Ekinci,Cenap; Deveci,Engin; Deveci,Senay.
Bone damage and accidents, traumas can alter people's normal life, and damage the soft tissues. In this study, we aimed to investigate in calvarial defects in rats depending on the severity of cerebral contusion injury occurring in the temporal region. The rats were randomly divided into two groups: group 1 (control group), critical size cranial model with no treatment (n= 10); group 2 (14-day synthetic graft group given 7th day DEXA), critical size cranial model treated with Dexamethasone (0.05 mg/kg intramuscular injection) +Synthetic graft (n= 10) One calvarium defect of 7 mm was made in the parietal bone of each animal under general anesthesia. Calvarial defect results in dilatation of blood vessels, hemorrhage and deterioration was observed in glial...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Calvarial defects; Rat; Cerebrum; Immunohistochemistry.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022016000100005

PHENYTOIN ACTION IN THE LINGUAL MUCOSA OF RAT FETUSES: MORPHOMETRIC STUDY
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Siéssere,Selma; Semprini,Marisa; Lopes,Ruberval A; Azoubel,Reinaldo; Sala,Miguel A; Mattos,Maria G. C; Hallak Regalo,Simone Cecílio.
Phenytoin (diphenylhydantoin, dilantin) has been the chosen anti-convulsive for the treatment of sudden disorders since the late 1930's. Several epidemiological and clinical studies in human beings showed an increase in malformations in descendants of which mothers took phenytoin during gestation, such as cranio-facial development and growth abnormalities, distal phalangeal hypoplasia, and light or moderate mental deficiency. This work had the goal to study the lingual mucosa, under histopathological and morphometric standpoints, in rat fetuses which were given an intraperitonial injection, consisting of a unique dose of phenytoin (70 milligrams/kilogram of their weight). Being that, we included the examined material in paraffin, 6 micrometers thick, and...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Phenytoin; Lingual mucosa; Rat; Morphometry.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022004000200009

Olfactory Epithelium as an Infinitive Source of Neural Stem Cells for Derivation of Inner Ear Hair Cells
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Bahmani,Tahere; Gholami,Samira; Mostafaie,Ali; Karimi,Ebrahim; Hoseinkhani,Zohreh; Azad,Taha; Mahdizadeh,Hamid; Mansouri,Kamran.
Surgical techniques for treatment of sensory neural hearing loss (SNHL) have unpredictable outcomes and in recent years cell therapy investigated for treatment of SNHL. Olfactory epithelium proceed neurogenesis during life time and provide an easily accessible source of neural stem cells. So the aim of this study was isolating neural stem cells from olfactory epithelium of rat and differentiation of these cells into hair cells of inner ear in vitro. The epithelium tissue of olfactory mucosa of rats were removed and digested by collagenase H. The digested tissue was cultured in flasks in suspension forms to create spheres. Spheres were passaged and from passage 2 spheres selected for differentiation. At this stage cells of spheres isolated from each other...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Olfactory mucosa; Neural stem cells; Hair cells; Differentiation; Rat.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022017000200004

A Comparative Study of the Ileum in Rat (Rattus norvegicus), Bat (Eidolon helvum) and Pangolin (Manis tricuspis) as Investigated Using Histological Method
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Ofusori,D. A; Caxton-Martins,E. A; Komolafe,O. O; Oluyemi,K. A; Adeeyo,O. A; Ajayi,S. A; Oluwayinka,P. O; Adelakun,E. A; Keji,S. T; Adesanya,O. A.
The histological and morphometric differences in some parts of the gastrointestinal tracts of rat, bat and pangolin have been well established. This investigation aims at comparatively elucidating any adaptational changes the ileum of the three mammals must have adopted to meet its dietary requirements and also cope with their morphological differences. The investigation was carried out using ten rats, ten bats and ten pangolins of both sexes. The animals were slightly anaesthetized under chloroform inhalation. The intestines were harvested and the ileum excised and fixed in 10% formol saline. The tissues were processed for light microscopic study. The following stains were employed: Haematoxylin and eosin (H &amp;amp; E), Van Gieson and Verhoeff's...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Pangolin; Bat; Rat; Ileum; Microanatomy; Conjuntive tissue.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022008000100023

Study of the Nuclear Volume of Testicular Cells of Rats Receiving Ofloxacin Through Lactation
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Paschoal,Vánia Del'Arco; Rossit,Andrea Batista; Bizutti,Luiz Onivaldo; Monteiro,Rodrigo; Padovani Junior,Joao Armando; Azoubel,Reinaldo.
Ofloxacin presents an ample spectrum of antimicrobial action, including combating Mycobacterium leprae, and is currently employed as a substitute when the use of rifampicin is impossible. The objective of this work was to study alterations in testicular cell nuclei of suckling rats, whose dams were submitted to oral application of ofloxacin, and respective control groups. The method utilized was morphometry by the karyometric technique. The main structures observed in histological preparations of the testicles were interstitial cells, spermatogonias, and sustentacular cells. 10 Wistar rats were utilized, four treated and five controls, in the period of the first 25 days of life, whose dams received ofloxacin 12 mg/ Kg of body weight / day orally, before...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Quinolones; Ofloxacin; Morphology; Karyometry; Nuclear volume; Testicle; Lactation; Sustentacular cells; Rat.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022007000300022

Hepatoprotective Effects of Tribulus terrestris Hydro-Alcholic Extract on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver- Induced Rats
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Almasi,Fatemeh; Khazaei,Mozafar; chehrei,Shima; Ghanbari,Ali.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver induces many complications to the liver tissue and also serum related parameters. Medicinal plants are the safe therapeutic strategy for the treatment of diseases. In this regards, the present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Tribulus terrestris (T. terrestris) extract on non-alcoholic fatty liver in rats. In this experimental study, thirty male Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n=6). Animals in experimental groups were received high fructose diet (70 %) (HDF) daily alone or in combined with daily intraperitoneal injection of 500, 700 and 1000 mg/kg extract of T. terrestris. Control group of rats was feed with standard chow. The serum levels of biomarkers of liver and serum lipid profiles were assessed, also...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cholesterol; NAFLD; Rat; Tribulus Terrestris.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022017000100054

Hippocampal Neuronal Apoptosis in Rat Offspring Due to Gestational Diabetes
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Ghafari,Soraya; Asadi,Ebrahim; Shabani,Ronak; Golalipour,Mohammad Jafar.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) defined as impaired glucose tolerance affects approximately 6 % of all pregnant women who have never before had diabetes, but who do have high blood glucose levels during pregnancy. This study was done to evaluate the apoptosis in the neuronal cells in the CA1, CA2 and CA3 subfields of hippocampus and dentate gyrus in offspring of gestational diabetes at the 7, 21 and 28 d in postnatal rats. Thirty Wistar rat dams were randomly allocated in control and diabetic group. Dams in diabetic group were received 40 mg/kg/BW of streptozotocin at the first day of gestation and control groups received an equivalent volume normal saline injection intraperitoneally (IP). Six offspring of GDM and control dams, at the 7, 21, 28...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Gestational diabetes; Hippocampus; Neuron; Apoptosis; TUNEL Assay; Dentate gyrus; Rat.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022016000100029

MORPHOMETRICAL AND STEREOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE SUPERIOR CERVICAL GANGLION OF Rattus norvegicus SUBMITTED TO CHRONIC TREATMENT WITH CORTISOL
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Cortez,C. M.; Costa,W. S.; Babinski,M. A.; Chagas,M. A.
The present work investigates the corticoid action on the growth of the superior cervical ganglion of the rat and describes the cortisol effect during early stages of development. The study was based on morphometric and stereological analysis of the perikarya. Eight rats were treated intraperitoneally with cortisol (1mg/Kg/day) during 36 days. Treatment was initiated in the 8th day after birth and was withdrawn one day before the sacrifice. There was a significant difference (&lt;=P0,05) for the neural mean diameter between the control group (16.78 ± 1.11mm) and treated animals (15.84 ±0.99mm). The decrease of perikarya neuronal diameter was also demonstrated by stereological methods. Morphometrical findings may suggest alterations in superior cervical...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Morphometry; Stereology; Glucocorticoid; Sympathetic ganglion; Rat.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022003000300006

Tribulus terrestris Hydroalcoholic Extract Administration Effects on Reproductive Parameters and Serum Level of Glucose in Diabetic Male Rats
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Ghanbari,Ali; Moradi,Mojtaba; Raoofi,Amir; Falahi,Mahsa; Seydi,Sepideh.
Usage of medicinal plants for the treatment of diseases is a remarkable strategy considered in both clinical and experimental studies. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Tribulus terrestris hydroalcoholic extract administration on the serum level of glucose and reproductive parameters in diabetic male rats. In this experimental study, 30 adult male Wistar rats (200­250 g) were divided into 5 groups (n= 6). Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg streptozotocin. Experimental groups received daily Intraperitoneal injection of the extract (100, 250 and 500 mg/kg) since one week after inducing diabetes for two weeks. At the end of the experiment, the serum levels of testosterone and glucose were examined by ELISA...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Diabetes; Glucose; Rat; Streptozotocin; Testosterone; Tribulus terrestris.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022016000200058

Age-Related Changes in the Expression of ICAM-1 in the Aorta of Wistar Albino Rats
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Ketani,Sennur; Karakoç,Zelal; Ketani,M. Aydin; Kilinç,Mehmet.
ICAM-1 which is expressed by endothelial cells and leukocytes are observed as first markers in diseases such as transplant rejection, diabetes and atherosclerosis and in infections caused by various pathogens. In the present study, it is aimed to reveal the age-related changes in the expression of ICAM-1 on rats. Therefore, a total of 30 albino rats were taken at the age of 6, 18 and 24 months without gender discrimination. Rats were fed with standard pellet feed during the study. Afterwards, rats were sacrificed and tissue samples were collected from their rats, and the samples were evaluated under the light microscope by staining with immnunohistochemical method. It was determined that the expression of both aortic endothelial cells and endothelial cells...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: ICAM-1; Rat; Aortic endothelium; Age.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022016000400049

Morphometric Evidences for Regional Variation in Potential of Neural Plasticity
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Fazeli,Seyyed Amirhossein; Davarian,Ali; Behnampour,Naser; Golalipour,Mohammad Jafar.
The neural plasticity showing the ability of nervous system to change its structure and function is a well-documented fact. However regional variation within a CNS structure to undergo plastic changes has been shown by limited studies. Along medial-lateral sequences of parasagittal sections, the molecular layer thickness of primary fissure borderlands in rat cerebellar left hemisphere was studied to assess the regional difference in plasticibility. Despite the homogeneity of cerebellar histology, this study showed that there is a significant interlobular difference between ML thicknesses of Prf borderlands. In addition, it revealed that the thickness alters in a significant trend within each borderland. The quantitative heterogeneity of cerebellar...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Plasticibility; Molecular layer; Primary fissure; Cerebellum; Rat.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022006000300010

Effect of Lead Intoxication and D-Penicillamine Treatment on Hematological Indices in Rats
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Golalipour,Mohammad Jafar; Roshandel,Danial; Roshandel,Gholamreza; Ghafari,Soraya; Kalavi,Mergen; Kalavi,Khodaberdi.
Lead is one of the most important environmental pollution which is toxic to many organ systems. D-penicillamine (D-P) is a chelator drug which is used for treatment of lead toxicity for several years. This study was conducted in order to evaluate the efficacy of D-P in reducing the effects of lead on hematological indices. This study was done on 36 male adult, 6-8 weeks albino Wistar rats in Gorgan University of Medical Sciences. At first male adult rats were exposed to lead acetate in their drinking water. After 8 weeks, 6 rats were selected and blood samples were prepared to assess the effects of lead toxicity. The remained lead exposed rats were divided into recovery and treatment groups where distilled water and D-P was administered for them,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Lead toxicity; D-Penicillamine; Recovery; Blood indices; Rat.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022007000400008

EFFECTS OF PYRAZINAMIDE ON PREGNANT ALBINO RATS
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Pascale Quintino,Marisa; Simões,Manuel de Jesus; Uchiyama Nakamura,Mary; Martins Oliveira-Filho,Ricardo; Espiridião,Silvia; Kulay Júnior,Luiz.
Although being used for years in the treatment of tuberculosis, no data are available in the literature on the safety of pyrazinamide during pregnancy. Accordingly, we aimed to make a first approach to this problem by evaluating the effects of this drug administered during the entire pregnancy of albino rats. Fourty female, EPM-1 Wistar albino rats of about 250 g b.w. were used. Upon conception (day zero of pregnancy) the animals were randomly divided in 4 groups of 10 rats each and labeled as follows. Controls (C), animals treated with the drug vehicle (destilled water); experimental groups (E1, E2 and E3), animals treated with 35, 105 or 315 mg/kg b.w. pyrazinamide by gavage (oral route) once daily up to the term (20th day of pregnancy). Drug or vehicle...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Pyrazinamide; Toxicology; Rat; Pregnancy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022003000400007

Morphological and Morphometric Study of the Muscle Fibers and Neuromuscular Junctions of the Extensor Digitorum Longus in Aged Rats Submitted to Maternal Protein Restriction
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Jeronimo,L. C; Confortim,H. D; Centenaro,L. A; Brancalhão,R. M. C; Pinheiro,P. F. F; Matheus,S. M. M; Torrejais,M. M.
Protein restriction implies the functional involvement of several systems and organs, including the skeletal muscle, because it is a protein reservoir in the body. This study sought to analyze the morphological and morphometric features of the muscle fibers and neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) of the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle in rats at 365 days of age, submitted to maternal protein restriction during the gestation and lactation periods. Wistar rats were divided into two groups: a Control Group - mothers fed a normal-protein diet (17 % protein) during pregnancy and lactation; and a Restricted Group - mothers fed a low-protein diet (6 % protein) during pregnancy and lactation. The pups were kept with the mother throughout the lactation period (21...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Morphology; Morphometry; Protein restriction; Extensor digitorum longus muscle; Rat.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022016000100057

A Histological Assessment of the Cell Death Induced by Haloperidol on Prefrontal Cortex
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Ghanbari,Ali; Kakebaraei,Seyran; Khazaei,Mozafar.
Neuroleptic drugs such as haloperidol has side effects on extrapyramidal pathways. Tardive Dyskinesia is the most important complication. The most characteristic feature of this Tardive Dyskinesia is involuntary movements of mouth and face. In regard to this problem, the induction of gliosis and cell death in the nervous tissue are considered. In this study, adult Sprague-Dawley rats were used as experimental models. Rats were divided into control and experimental groups. The rats were kept in the animal house under standard conditions during experiments. The control rats were intraperitoneally treated with normal saline for 6 days. The experimental samples were treated for the same time with 2, 5 and 10 mg haloperidol. After the trial period, the rats...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Haloperidol; Cerebral cortex; Optical microscopy; Cell death; Rat.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022013000400046

Gestational Diabetes Reduces Pancreatic Beta Cells in Rat Offspring
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Moharerri,Alireza; Ghafari,Soraya; Golalipour,Mohammad Jafar.
Previous study has shown the adverse effects of gestational diabetes on hippocampal and spinal cord neuronal density in animal model. This study was conducted to determine the effect of gestational diabetes on beta cells in rat pancreas in early postnatal life. In this experimental study, 10 dams randomly allocated into control and diabetic groups on day 1 of gestation. Five dams in diabetic group received 40 mg/kg/BW of streptozotocin (intraperitoneally) and control animals received normal saline. Six of 28 and 56-day-old offspring of each gestational diabetes mellitus and controls were randomly scarified and sections were taken from the pancreas and stained using Gomorra's method. The density of beta cells and number and area of pancreatic islets were...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Gestational diabetes; Beta cell; Pancreas; Offspring; Rat.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022016000400034

The Effects of Cadmium Chloride on the Oesophagus of Rats
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Deveci,E; Deveci,S.
Cadmium Chloride (CdC1) is a teratogen which is commonly used in industry. Although it is well known to cause toxicity in testes, kidney, heart and liver, few studies have been carried out in the digestive system. In the present study the effects of CdC1 on the esophagus of rats were investigated Wistar albino rats weighing 180 ­ 200 g were used. The animals were divided into two groups; one group was administered 2 mg/kg/day CdC1 intraperitoneally for one week. Esophagus was removed and placed in 10% formaline. Sections were stained with Hematoxylene-Eosine and observed under light microscopy. Hyperplasia in the epithelium, an increase in fibrotic cells under epithelium, hemorrhage in vessels, free floating erythrocytes were all observed following fetal...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cadmium cloride; Oesephagus; Rat.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022011000300002

HIGH RESOLUTION SEM OF INTRINSIC MUSCLE FIBERS OF ANTERIOR THIRD RET'S TONGUE
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Motoyama,Aracy A.; Watanabe,Ii-sei; Ogawa,Koichi.
The characteristics of intrinsic muscle fibers in the anterior third of the adult rat tongue were studied employing light microscopy, SEM and high-resolution SEM (HRSEM) methods. For light microscopy, specimens were fixed in Bouin's solution and embedded in paraffin. In order to identify the muscle fibers and bundles of collagen fibers, frontal sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, azo-carmin and picro-sirius. The results showed that muscle fibers near the lamina propria are fixed with connective tissue, constituting several groups. The bundles of muscle fibers are arranged in longitudinal, vertical and transversal directions. For SEM, specimens were fixed in modified Karnovsky solution and freeze-fractured in liquid nitrogen revealed the collagen...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Muscle fibers; Tongue; Rat; HRSEM; Mitochondria; Basement membrane.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022003000400006

Protective Effects of Ganoderma lucidum on the Changes Made in the Retinal Damage Induced by Traumatic Head Injury
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Özevren,Hüseyin; Deveci,Engin.
Head trauma affects the optic nerve visual function and visual acuity. As a result of head trauma occurring in the retina of the various biochemical, histological and immunohistochemical effects were investigated. The protective effect of Ganoderma lucidum was evaluated on the damage to the retina of the rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to traumatic brain injury with a weight-drop device using 300 g-1 m weight-height impact. Thirty rats were divided into three groups as group 1 control, 2 group trauma, 3 group trauma+Gonoderma lucidum (20 mL/kg per day via gastric gavage) Ganoderma lucidum was administered for 7 days after trauma.All rats were decapitated 5 days after the induction of trauma, and the protective effects of Ganoderma lucidum in...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Head trauma; Retina; Ganoderma lucidum; Rat.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022017000300040

Apoptosis in Denervated Skeletal Muscle
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Davatz,Giovanna Castilho; Andreo,Jesus Carlos; Rodrigues,Antonio de Castro; Rosa Júnior,Geraldo Marco; Moraes,Luiz Henrique Rapucci.
The apoptosis phenomenon happens in normal tissues and in many pathological conditions as described by several researchers. Most studied in the 70s, this phenomenon remained almost forgotten in the 90s, when, with the advent of more advanced techniques, returned to laboratories. Thus, electronic microscopy, Comet Assays and histochemistry techniques, among others, were utilized in an effort to elucidate in a thorough way, the mechanisms that lead the cell to "suicide". No one can deny the importance of the knowledge of such phenomenon, so as to control its induction or blocking in the treatment of pathologies such as cancer. In this work, the apoptosis study was aimed at denervated muscles in different periods. Furthermore, two types of skeletal striated...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Skeletal muscle; Denervation; Apoptosis; Rat.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022007000300009

Histopathologic Changes of Rat Tracheal Mucosa Following Formaldehyde Exposure
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Davarian,Ali; Fazeli,Seyyed Amirhossein; Azarhoush,Ramin; Jafar Golalipour,Mohammad.
Formaldehyde is a chemical, which is used traditionally for fixing the cadaver. It is vaporized during dissection and practical studying on cadaver. Studies show that this vapor can cause some clinical symptoms such as throat, eye, skin and nasal irritation. This study was designed to determine the histopathologic changes of rat tracheal mucosa while all of the experiments were exposed to formaldehyde for 18 weeks. This study was performed on 28, 6-7 weeks postnatal albino Wistar rats. The rats were divided into 3 case groups (E1: 4h/d, 4d/w; E2: 2h/d, 4d/w; E3: 2h/d, 2d/w) and 1 control group. The tracheal specimens were sectioned and stained with H&amp;E technique for histopathologic study. An epithelial disorganization, cilia disappearance, slight...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Formaldehyde exposure; Rat; Tracheal mucosa.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022005000400013

The Preventive and Treatment Effect of Urtica dioica on Astrocyte Density in the CA1 and CA3 Subfields of Hippocampus in STZ Induced Diabetic Rats
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Golalipour,Mohammad Jafar; Jahanshahi,Mehrdad; Ghafari,Soraya; Afshar,Mohammad.
Several animal model studies have shown that Diabetes mellitus can affect on the activity of hippocampus astrocytes, but these studies reported controversial findings. This study was done to evaluate the preventive and treatment effect of Urtica dioica (U. dioica) on astrocytes density in the CA1 and CA3 subfields of hippocampus of streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Twenty-eight male albino Wistar rats were randomly allocated equally into control, diabetic, U. dioica treatment and U. dioica preventive groups. Hyperglycemia was induced by STZ (80 mg/kg/BW). One week after injection of the streptozotocin, animals in treatment group were received hydroalcoholic extract of U. dioica (100 mg/kg/BW /day) for 4 weeks by intraperitoneally. In preventive...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Diabetes; Astrocyte; Urtica dioica; Hippocampus; CA1; CA3; Rat.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022013000200057

Protective Effect of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) on Ischemia­Reperfusion Injury in Rat Ovary
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Görkem,Ümit; Togrul,Cihan; Sahin,Izzet; Coskun,Bugra; Ozat,Mustafa; Güngör,Tayfun; Deveci,Engin.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) as a prophylactic agent on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in the rat ovary. A total of 28 Wistar rats were divided into 4 equal groups: (I) sham, (II) ischemia, (III) ischemia + reperfusion, and (IV) IR + CAPE. In groups I and II, ovary torsion was not performed and no drug was administered. In group III, 1 hour of ischemia and 2 hours of reperfusion were performed and no drug was given. Ovarian tissue concentrations of malondialdehyde were significantly higher in the torsion and detorsion groups compared with the sham and Cape groups (P&lt;0.005). The detorsion group showed preantral ovarian follicles and luteal folicules around the blood vessels and positive...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Caffeic acid phenethyl ester; Ischemia­reperfusion injury; Ovary; Rat.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022017000100023

Prenatal Water Deprivation Induces Apoptosis in Sexual Dimorphic Nucleus of the Brain of Male New Born Sprague-Dawley Rats
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Chehreie,Shima; Sadri,Soheil; Khazaei,Mozafar; Ghanbari,Ali; Ayubian,Mahmood; Amiri,Sara.
Considering the size of some nuclei and area, sex hormones control the sexual development of the brain. The sexual development of the brain can also be influenced by environmental stress. This study aimed to clear the effect of prenatal water deprivation on the development of sexual dimorphic nucleus (SDN) of the brain. In this research, pregnant rats were divided into two groups (control and treated). For the treated animals, water was removed from the ewes for 48 h at the end of third trimester of gestation (19-21 days). TUNEL staining was used for detection of apoptosis in paraffin embedded diencephalon selected sections. The ratio of apoptotic cells to non- apoptotic ones was calculated as apoptotic index. Differences of apoptotic index and serum...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Apoptosis; Rat; SDN nucleus; Stress; TUNEL.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022011000200032

Histochemical Features of the Extracellular Matrix in Rattus rattus norvegicus Otic Ganglion
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Chagas,M. A.; Babinski,M. A.; Abidu-Figueiredo,M.; Costa,W. S.
The otic ganglion is a cranial component of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Similar to other parasympathetic ganglia, otic ganglion presents multipolar neurons that are completely surrounded by satellite cells and intercellular substance as well, which allow us to use this ganglion as a good experimental model for studying the relationship neuron / extracellular matrix. We have studied rat otic ganglion in 10 animals through light microscopy. After routine histological methods, 5 µm sections were obtained and coloured by Gomori`s trichrome, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), Alcian Blue pH 2.5 and pH1.0, acetylation + PAS, acetylation + deacetylation + PAS, acid hydrolysis + PAS, phenylhydrazine + PAS and thiosemicarbazide +...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Rat; Otic ganglion; Autonomic nervous system; Histochemistry.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022006000100015

Ultrastructural Study of the Denervated Diaphragm in Rats
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Torrejais,M. M; Soares,J. C; Matheus,S. M. M; Mello,J. M; Francia-Farje,L. A. D; Jeronimo,L. C; Vicente,E. J. D.
The structural alterations that occur in the muscle fibers of denervated rat diaphragms were studied. Fifteen adult male albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) with a mean weight of 200 g and about 60 days of age were used. Chronically denervated diaphragms were obtained and the animals were sacrificed after 4, 8 and 12 weeks of denervation. The left antimere of the diaphragm was denervated by sectioning of the phrenic nerve and the right antimere served as control. Each antimere was divided into fragments, which were used for analysis transmission electron microscopy. During the initial phase of denervation (4 weeks), ultrastructural muscle modifications appeared in scattered fibers and in foci along these fibers. Muscle fibers with foci of less dense and...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Denervation; Diaphragm; Muscle fiber; Ultrastructural; Rat.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022013000300025

The Effects of Curcumin on Sperm Parameters and Nitric Oxide Production in Varicocelized Rats
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Izadpanah,Melika; Alizadeh,Rafieh; Minaee,Mohammad Bagher; Heydari,Leyla; Babatunde,Adebayo; Abbasi,Mehdi.
One of the proposed mechanism by which varicocele induces its damage is excessive release of nitric oxide (NO). Several studies have shown the role of NO in poor sperm quality in infertile patients with varicocele. Scientific studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of curcumin on the sperm parameters. Curcumin as an atoxic antioxidant can reduce production of NO. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of curcumin on NO levels and investigate if curcumin can improve sperm parameters in varicocelized male rats. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (V1 and V2 (varicocele), T (treatment), Sh (sham) and C was control). In groups V1, V2, T and Sh, the left renal vein was partially ligated to induce varicocele. In groups...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Varicocele; Curcumin; Sperm parameters; Rat.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022015000400055

Histopathological Effects of Aloe barbadensis and Soybean Oil on Rat Liver
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Kosif,Rengin; Yilmaz,Fahri; Evrendilek,Gülsün Akdemir; Diramali,Murat.
Aloe Barbadensis, which is a species of Aloe vera, is a popular plant used by the common people and in alternative medicine. This study aimed to analyze the effects of Aloe Barbadensis and soybean oil on liver. For this study Wistar Albino female rats were taken and divided into 3 equal groups; the first group was the control group wherein no treatment was applied, second group in which the dissolved form of A. barbadensis in the soybean oil was applied (25 mg/day), and the third group which only soybean oil was applied (500 mg/day). Biopsy materials were taken from the lobus dexter of the livers of the rats and analyzed with light microscope after the necessary standard processing of histologic slides. Group I demonstrated normal structural...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Aloe barbadensis; Soybean; Rat; Liver; Effect.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022010000400019

Does Diabetes Alter Immunolocalization of Galectin-1 and Galectin-3 in the Rat Ovary?
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Özdenoglu,Berna; Saraydin,Serpil Ünver.
Diabetes mellitus (DM), is a metabolic disease occurring via insulin secretion deficiency from the pancreas and/or an insufficiency of tissue response to insulin. The present study is intended to show of immunolocalizations of beta-galactose-binding proteins Galectin-1 and Galectin-3 in diabetic rat ovarium and their relationship with diabetes. In this study, 8 to 10-week-old, 250­300 g weighing 50 mature female rats were used, in order to establish diabetes mellitus in those animals, 60 mg/kg intravenous streptozotocin was injected to each animal. After death, diabetics and non-diabetics rats's routine tissue processing steps is done to rat ovarial tissues for immunohistochemical investigation. Strong expressions of Galectin-1 and Galectin-3 were observed...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Galectin-1; Galectin-3; Ovary; Diabetes; Rat.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022016000200050

Morphometric and Morphological Analysis of Neuromuscular Junction Alterations in the Denervated Rat Diaphragm
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Torrejais,M. M; Soares,J. C; Matheus,S. M. M; Mello,J. M; Francia-Farje,L. A. D; Vicente,E. J. D.
The morphological and structural alterations that occur in the neuromuscular junctions of the denervated rat diaphragm were studied. Fifteen adult male albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) aged about 60 days and with a mean weight of 200 g were used. Chronically denervated diaphragms were obtained and the animals were sacrificed after 4, 8 and 12 weeks of denervation. The left antimere of the diaphragm was denervated by section of the phrenic nerve and the right antimere was used as control. Each antimere was divided into three fragments: one was used for histochemical (nonspecific esterase) and morphometric study of neuromuscular junctions, and the other two were used for transmission and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Histochemical analysis of...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Diaphragm; Neuromuscular junction; Denervation; Rat.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022009000400043

Effects of Potentilla fulgens on Tuba Uterina in Ovariectomized Rats
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Acar,Zuat; Deger,U; Görkem,Ü; Togrul,Cihan; Deveci,E; Kaya,S; Ekinci,A.
A total of 32 Wistar rats were divided into four equal groups: (I) sham, (II) ischemia, (III) reperfusion and (IV) Potentilla fulgens. In groups I and II, ovary torsion was not performed and no drug was administered. In group III, 1 h of ischemia and 2 h of reperfusion were performed and no drug was given. Group IV received 400 mg/kg/day Potentilla fulgens intraperitoneally 5 days before Ischemia-reperfusion. All the parameters were observed to be significantly decreased (P&lt;0.05) in all the experimental groups compared to the control group. In the sections of the ischemia-reperfusion group, degeneration of epithelium, dilation of blood vessels were observed. Potentilla fulgens administration reduced the morphological changes by induced I/R; in...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Potentilla fulgens; Ischemia-reperfusion; Tuba uterina; Rat.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022016000200008

EFFECTS OF LOW-DOSE PHENYTOIN ADMINISTRD TO RATS FETUSES ON DEVELOPING CHOROID PLEXUS. KARIOMETRIC STUDY
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Góes,M. J.; Azoubel,R.
The aim of the present study was to determine, by kariometric parameters, the influence of phenytoin, as teratogen, on the epithelial layer of choroid plexus in rats fetuses, using single daily dose ( 75 mg Kg-1 bd.wt.), during gestation GD9 to GD11, and lowest total dose used orally (225 mg Kg-1), to the best of our knowledge. In some of experimental studies in animals, the anticonvulsant drug phenytoin were administered in embriotoxic daily doses (100-1500 mg Kg-1 bd.wt.) increasing concentrations up to 20 times the human therapeutic plasma concentration. There is a significant lack of information regarding the embriotoxicity in pregnancy of these drug, phenytoin, in low doses. Phenytoin was administered in a single daily dose (75 mg Kg-1 bd.wt.) to...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Kariometry; Phenytoin; Teratogenesis; Choroid plexus; Rat.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022003000400005

A Comparative Histological Study of the Tongue of Rat (Rattus Norvegicus), Bat (Eidolon Helvum) and Pangolin (Manis Tricuspis)
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Abayomi,Taiwo A; Ofusori,David A; Ayoka,Oladele A; Odukoya,Samson A; Omotoso,Emmanuel O; Amegor,Frank O; Ajayi,Sunday A; Ojo,Gideon B; Oluwayinka,Oladele P.
This study assessed the micro anatomical differences in the tongue of rat, bat and pangolin with a view to establishing the functional anatomical differences of these mammalian tongues on their dietary pattern. Ten rats, ten bats and ten pangolins were used for this study. The animals were sacrificed and the tongue excised and processed for light microscopical study adopting the following stains: Haematoxylin Eosin, Verhoeff Gieson and Masson trichrome. The results showed non papillation of the keratinized stratified epithelium of pangolin tongue unlike the papillation seen in the tongue of the rat and bat. While the filiform papillation seen in the rat was bristle like, the filiform papillae in the bat were crown-like. There was also an unusual dense...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Rat; Bat; Pangolin; Tongue; Micro-anatomy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022009000400026

Effects of Formaldehyde on Respiratory Mucosa in Rats
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Yorgancilar,E; Deveci,E; Deveci,S.
Formaldehyde inhalation, are known to be nasal mucosa irritating feature. This study we are examined the effects histopathologic of formaldehyde inhalation on rats by using light microscopy. 16 adult wistar albino rats were used in this study. 8 rats were in control group and 8 rats were in experiment group. Experiment group was exposed to 10 ppm formaldhyde 8hours/day,5days/week for 8 week. Nasal mucosa was removed and placed in 10% formaline. Sections were stained with Hematoxylene-Eosine and observed under light microscopy. The lining epithelium of respiratory mucosa showed a loss of ciliated cells with metaplasia of goblet cells and hyperplasia of squamous cells.
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Formaldehyde; Rat; Respiratory mucosa.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022012000200026

Sexual Dimorphism in Histological Structure of Normal Rat Stomach
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Zhu,Lei; Wang,Jian Lin.
Fifty male and fifty female Spargue-Dawley rats were randomly chosen and used to study the sexual dimorphisms of stomachic histological structures. The rat stomach consisted of the nonglandular part and the glandular part. The gender differences of the nonglandular part existed in the thicknesses of the stratified squamous epithelium and the longitudinal muscle. These findings revealed that the male rat stomach may storage more foods than the female. The gastric glands occupied all the lamina propria in the glandular part. The thicknesses of the gastric glands of the female and male rat were 525.0 ± 95.9 µm and 472.0 ± 158.7 µm respectively, and the difference was very significant (p&lt;0.01). The gastric glands could be divided to two layers in the HE...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Rat; Stomach; Gastric glands; Nucleus-glandular index.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022016000400046

Bronchial tree Architecture in Mammals of Diverse Body Mass
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Monteiro,Adilson; Smith,Ricardo Luiz.
The anatomy of mammal's lung air space constitutes the bronchial tree which disposition is associated to air flux dynamics. Casts obtained from human, pig and rat lungs were studied to analyze possible differences of the bronchial tree architecture in mammals with diverse dimensions and posture. Air spaces were filled with polymers through trachea followed by acid corrosion. Tracheal and main bronchial division's diameters were measured to relate with body mass using allometry. The results revealed a dichotomic bronchial branching pattern in the human casts and a monopodial pattern in animals. In allometric relationship trachea was larger in rats, then pigs and lastly in humans, differences were statistically significant, the same occurs in right bronchus,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Bronchia; Anatomy; Human; Pig; Rat.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022014000100050

A Comparative Histomorphometric Study of the Stomach of Rat (Rattus norvegicus), Bat (Eidolon helvum) and Pangolin (Manis tricuspis) in Relation to Diet
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Ofusori,D. A; Caxton-Martins,E. A.
This study verified the comparative histomorphometric adaptations in the stomach of rat, bat and pangolin in relation to diet. Ten rats, ten bats and ten pangolins of both sexes were used for this investigation. The animals were sacrificed after slight anesthesia under chloroform inhalation. The stomach were excised, fixed in 10% formol saline and processed for light microscopic study. Stained slides were also subjected to morphometric analysis at a magnification of 400x. The results revealed that the cellular diameter/ density of parietal and zymogenic cells are significantly different in the three mammals (p&lt;0.05) with the exception of the diameter of the zymogenic cells in pangolin which was not statistically significant (p&gt;0.05) when compared...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Pangolin; Bat; Rat; Stomach; Histomorphometry; Connective tissue fibers.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022008000300026

Effects of Oral Nicotine on Rat Liver Stereology
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Valenca,Samuel Santos; Gouveia,Lucas; Alves Pimenta,Wagner; Porto,Luís Cristóvão.
Nicotine is the more abundant component in cigarette smoke. Because nicotine is first metabolized in the liver, our aim was to investígate the effects of nicotine on this organ by biochemical and stereological methods. Male Wistar rats were treated with oral nicotine (ON) diluted in drinking water during 32 days. The control group was treated with drinking water in the same period. Rats were sacrificed 24 hours after last day, the blood was collected and the liver was removed. Lipidogram was performed by enzymatic method and collagen fibers, fat globules and hepatocytes were count in the liver by stereological methods. We observed in control group preserved hepatocytes, with no presence of inflammatory cells. However in the ON group was possible to observe...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Nicotine; Rat; Liver; Stereology.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022008000400037

Relative Concentrations of Placental Lactogen II and PRL-Like Protein-A in Stressed Rats Placenta
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Romanini,M. C; Paz,D. A.; Rodríguez,N; Rolando,A. N.; Mugnaini,M. T.; Soñez,C. A.; Bozzo,A; Marioli,J. M.; Pastorino,I. C; Gauna,H. F.
The chronic stress induces functional adaptations in the hypothalamo-pituitary- adrenocortical (HPA) and in the sympathetic-medullary-adrenal axis (SAM). Both axis are considered vital regulators of the homeostasis in vertebrates (Seyle, 1936; Ostrandrer et al, 2006. On the other hand, the placenta provides highly specialized functions during gestation that are critical for the normal development of the embryo/fetus (Soares et al., 1991). We hypothesized that the chronic immobilization (IMO) stress in pregnancy rats produces alterations in prolactin concentrations in placental tissue and also changes in the response of SAM axis. Chronic stress by IMO was applied on days 12, 17 and 21 of pregnancy rats. Relative concentrations and localization of placental...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Chronic stress; Placental lactogen; Prolactin; Rat; SAM.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022007000100011

Effect of Gestational Diabetes on Neuronal Cells in Rat Cerebellum in Early Postnatal Life
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Razi,Elahe Mirarab; Ghafari,Soraya; Hojati,Vida; Golalipour,Mohammad Jafar.
Previous study has shown the adverse effects of gestational diabetes on hippocampal neuronal density in animal model. This study was conducted to determine the effect of gestational diabetes on rat cerebellum in early postnatal life. In this experimental study, 10 dams randomly allocated into control and diabetic groups on day 1 of gestation. Five dams in diabetic group were administered 40 mg/kg/BW (intraperitoneally) of streptozotocin and control animals received normal saline. Six offspring of each gestational diabetes mellitus and controls were randomly selected at day 7 of postnatal life. Offspring were sacrificed and coronal sections were taken from the cerebellum and stained with cresyl violet. The number of Purkinje and granular cells and thickness...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Gestational diabetes; Cerebellum; Purkinje cell; Granular cell; Rat.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022014000200006

Effect of Diet Contains Sesame Seed on Adult Wistar Rat Testis
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Amini Mahabadi,J; Hassani Bafrani,H; Nikzad,H; Taherian,A; Salehi,M.
Studies show that some antioxidants are effective in improving male infertility. According to several antioxidant compounds that exist in sesame seed, this study was designed and carried out to the effects of sesame seed diet consumption on adult male rats testis structure and sex hormones. This experimental study was carried out on 30 adults Wistar rat, 200 g that obtained from laboratory animal center at Kashan University of Medical Sciences. Rats were divided into experimental and control groups randomly. The control group received standard diet and experimental group received diet containing 70% standard diet and 30% sesame seed after weaning for 12 weeks. At the end of the study, testis weight and volume were measured and seminiferous tubules; lumen...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Sesame seed; Testis; Rat; Sex hormones.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022013000100033

Amebic Liver Abscess in Rat: Morphological Evidence of Innate Immune Modulation by the Sympathetic Nervous System
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Muñoz-Ortega,Martín Humberto; Cervantes-García,Daniel; Quintanar-Stephano,Andrés; Campos-Esparza,María del Rosario; García-Lorenzana,Mario; Campos-Rodríguez,R; Rodríguez,M. G; Ventura-Juárez,Javier.
All organs of the immune system are innervated and almost all neurotransmitter receptors are present on immune cells. We studied the effects of sympathetic innervation in the development of amebic liver abscess (ALA) in rats. Our results showed that lack of sympathetic innervation promote a decrease in size of ALA. We found scarce amoebas, increased the number of neutrophils and a few collagen fibers surrounding the abscess, meanwhile in control group, we observed abscesses areas with typical necrosis including trophozoites and neutrophils. Macrophages were differentially distributed surrounding abscess area in control and vehicle groups, but equally located in and outside of the abscesses in sympathectomized rat. No significant differences were observed...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Sympathectomy; Rat; E. histolytica; Amebic liver abscess.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022015000100034

EFFECTS OF ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID ON ETHANOL-INDUCED INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RESTRICTION IN RATS
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Aparecida Marinho,Sandra; Sala,Miguel Angel; Lopes,Ruberval Armando; de Moraes Grisi,Márcio Fernando; Belém Novaes Jr.,Arthur; Scombatti de Souza,Sérgio Luis; Taba Jr.,Mário.
SUMMARY: The effects of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) on intrauterine growth restriction induced by maternal ethanol consumption were studied. A single intraperitoneal dose of ethanol (2.96 g/kg body weight), injected on the 10th day of pregnancy (PD10), significantly reduced maternal weight gain, fetal weight, amniotic fluid volume and umbilical cord length. Meanwhile, ethanol did not affect placental weight or litter size. A single intraperitoneal dose of ASA (200 mg/g body weight), injected on the PD10, did not modify maternal body weight gain, litter size, fetal and placental weights and amniotic fluid volume, but significantly diminished umbilical cord length. Intraperitoneal injections of either ASA (200 mg/g body weight) or ethanol (2.96 g/kg body...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Rat; Fetus; ASA; Ethanol; Intrauterine development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022003000200002

Effects of Potentilla Fulgens as Prophylactic Agent in Intestinal Ischemia Reperfusion Injury
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Tunç,Nurettin; Tas,Mahmut; Görük,Mücahit; Kirman,Günsel; Deveci,Engin.
The purpose of this study, ischemia reperfusion injury in rats, Potentilla fulgens is to investigate the protective effects. Wistar albino rats (n= 30) weighing 180-220 g were used in the experiment. Group 1 animals underwent sham laparotomy without ischemia-reperfusion injury. Group 2 animals underwent laparotomy and occlusion of superior mesenteric arteries for 30 min followed by 20 min of reperfusion without pretreatment. The Potentilla fulgens group received 400 mg/kg/day Potentilla fulgens intraperitoneally 5 days before Ischemia-reperfusion injury. There was a significant difference between the group with ischemia-reperfusion group Potentilla fulgens (p&lt;0.0001). In statistical analysis of the MDA level, data were obtained after a respective...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Intestinal ischemia; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA); Rat; Tunnel method.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022015000400020

The Effects of Valproic Acid on Sciatic Nerve of Fetal Rats and Protective Effects of Folic Acid and Vitamin E
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Aluclu,Mehmet Ufuk; Tuncer,Mehmet Cudi; Guzel,Aslan; Aluclu,Mustafa Arif; Akkus,Murat.
We aimed to investigate the potential harmful effects of maternal valproic acid (VPA) on fetal sciatic nerve, and the protective effects of vitamin E (Vit E) and folic acid (FA) on fetal rats. Valproic acid (400mg/kg), folic acid (400mg/kg) and vitamin E (250 mg/kg) were administered to rats on each of gestation days 8-10. All fetuses were collected on gestation day 20. With thin sections of biopsies, sciatic nerve of fetuses were stained with uranyl acetat and were examined under transmission electron microscope. The fetuses (n:36) were divided into five groups: control, vpa, vpa+fa, vpa+vit e and vpa+fa+vit e groups. In each group; drug procedure, surgical procedure and histological methods were performed. Later, weights and lengths of fetuses in each...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Valproic acid; Sciatic nerve; Folic acid; Vitamin E; Rat.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022009000200001

PROGRESSIVE EFFECTS OF DIABETES MELLITUS ON THE SKIN EPITHELIUM OF THE RA
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Benetti Tanga,Marcelo; Buttros,Kemli Raquel; Nakao,Cristiano; Chinali Komesu,Marilena.
Skin serves as interface between inner aand outer environment, and acts a a mechanical barrier. Changes in its characteristics may lead to a higher pathogenicity, less defense capacity, or both. Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous group of chronic hyperglycemic disorders, considered a syndrome rather than a simple disease. Complications by diabetes are mostly associated with the chronicity of the disease and very little information exists about its early pathological processes. Animal models are considered very useful for the study of early diabetes. Wistar rats with lloxan induccced diabetes were used in a way to study the progresive effects of diabetes mellitus on the skin epithelium. Five animals were sacrificed at 7 days (Phase I) and five others at...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Diabetes mellitus; Hyperglycemia; Skin; Rat.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022003000200008

Effects of Malathion on Cellularity and Sperm Differentiation in Testis and Epididymis of Adult Rats
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Espinoza-Navarro,O; Bustos-Obregón,E.
Malathion is an organophosphorous insecticide, used worldwide for pest and disease control; however, it could also affect the reproductive patterns of several species. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of malathion in the cellularity and sperm differentiation in testis and epididymis of rats. Twenty adult male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into a malathion-treated group (n=10, dose of 170 mg/kg via subcutaneous injection for a period of 13 days) and control group (n=10, injected only with normal saline). After treatments, the rats were sacrificed by regulated euthanasia and assessed for sperm count in testis and epididymis and epididymal teratospermia degree. The results showed a significant decrease in body, testicular and epididymal...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Reproduction; Rat; Malathion; Cytotoxicity.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022014000100020

RECOGNITION OF N-ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE (GLyNAc) AND POLY-N-ACETYLLACTOSAMINE RESIDUES IN VESSELS OF THE RAT PINEAL GLAND
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Ferreira-Medeiros,Mildred; Correa-Gillieron,Elenice.
Lectins are proteins with binding sites that recognize a specific sequence of sugar moieties in complex glycoconjugates. In the present study the tomato lectin ­ Lycopersicon esculentum (LEL) (a selective microglial and endothelial marker) has been reported to recognize specific residues of N-acetylglucosamine (GlyNAc) and poly-N-acetyllactosamine. In the pineal gland the biotinylated LEL was used to investigate the appearance of these sugar residues in the structures of the rats during their development and adult life. Our results showed that the binding of LEL occurred exclusively in the material adherents on surface of the endothelia of the vessels in the peripheral and central regions of the gland. An exception can be cited to rats in first postnatal...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Pineal; Rat; Lectins; Development; Rosettes; Endothelia.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022004000400008

Structure and Concentration of Elastic System Fibers in the Trachea of the Rat
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Andrade,Filipe Moreira de; Judice,Luiz Felippe; Cisne,Rafael; Félix,Bruno; Mourad,Omar Moté Abou; Cardoso,Gilberto Perez; Babinski,Marcio Antonio.
The extracellular matrix is a key element in the tracheal morphology and physiology, both in normal and pathological states, yet little is known regarding its composition and organization. Herein we carried out a detailed study of the morphological organization and volumetric density of elastic system fibers in the trachea of Wistar rats. Six Wistar rats at the age of 45 days were used. The trachea was excised following anesthesia with Thiopental and perfusion through the left ventricle with buffered saline followed by formalin solution. Samples were fixed in formaline, embedded in paraffin, and histologically processed. The elastic system fibers were evaluated at light microscopy by using Weigert's resorcin-fuchsin technique after oxidation with oxone....
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Rat; Trachea; Morphology; Elastic fibers; Quantitative evaluation.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022011000100002

Resistance of CA1 Pyramidal Cells to STZ-Induced Diabetes in Young Rats
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Fazeli,Seyyed Amirhossein; Gharravi,Anneh Mohammad; Jahanshahi,Mehrdad; Ghafari,Soraya; Behnampour,Naser; Golalipour,Mohammad Jafar.
The pyramidal cell density of CA1 hippocampal subfield following STZ-induced diabetes in young rats were studied. 12 male albino 6-week Wistar rats were allocated equally in groups of normal and diabetic. Hyperglycemia induced by Streptozotocin (80 mg/kg) in animals of diabetic group. After 5 weeks of study, all the rats were sacrificed and coronal sections were taken from dorsal hippocampal formation of the right cerebral hemispheres and stained with crysel violet. The area densities of the CA1 pyramidal cells were measured and compared among two groups. No significant difference between the densities of two experimental groups was found. The results can arise from the short period of diabetes and also the possible regenerative processes in developing...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Pyramidal cell density; CA1; Hippocampus; Diabetes; Rat.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022009000400006

Proliferation of the b -Cells of Pancreas in Diabetic Rats Treated with Urtica Dioica
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Golalipour,Mohammad Jafar; Ghafari,Soraya; Kouri,Vahid; Kestkar,Abbas Ali.
This investigation was carried out to evaluate the effect of the extract of Urtica dioica leaves on hyperglycemia and quantitative changes of b-cells in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Forty male Wistar rats were allocated in groups of normal, diabetic, treatment and protective. Hyperglycemia induced by administrating one dose of 80 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) intraperitoneally. Animals in treatment group received Urtica dioica (100 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks intraperitoneally, one week after injection of STZ. In protective group animals received U. dioica (100 mg/kg/day) for 5 days before inducing diabetes. After five weeks the animals were sacrificed and whole pancreas removed. Pancreas specimens were used for quantitative morphometric analysis after Chromealum...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Streptozotocin; Diabetes; Urtica dioica; Rat; Pancreas; B-cells; Blood glucose.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022010000200011

The Effect of Cannabis sativa Hydroalcoholic Extract on Sperm Parameters and Testis Histology in Rats
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Lotfi,Nahid; Khazaei,Mozafar; Shariatzadeh,Sayyed Mohammad Ali; Soleimani Mehranjani,Malek; Ghanbari,Ali.
Cannabis Sativa is a multiuse herb in traditional medicine, its hydroalcoholic extract (10, 50, and 100 mg/kg) administered interaperitoneally for 14 consequent days to Wistar male rats resulted in significant decrease in progressive motility of sperm. Sperm count and seminiferous tubules diameter decreased significantly in comparison with control group. Also decrease in animal body weight in doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg was observed. Changes in testes weight and serum testosterone were not significant. Cannabis sativa extract has negative effect on sperm parameters such as motility, sperm count, and seminiferous tubules diameter.
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cannabis sativa; Rat; Seminiferous tubules; Sperm parameters.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022013000100012

The Effects of Nicotine on the Incisive Teeth and Expression of Vimentin in Rats
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Faruk,E. R; Deveci,E; Kalkanli,S; Deveci,B.
Nicotine is an alkaloid toxic effects of oral cavity. In this study,14 adult Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 230-260 mg (±10 mg) were used as experimental animal. The rats of experimental group (n=6) were nicotinized systemically with nicotine sulphate, 2mg/kg subcutaneously, daily in period of 28 days. Pulp, alveolar bone tissue, periodontal membrane and gingival epithelial junction were investigated in these regions in incisive teeth longitudinal cross-section. Thinning of the collagen fibers in the pulp tissue, vascular congestion, and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed. Mesenchymal tissues that is stained positive for vimentin lay underneath the epithelium. A strong expression of vimentin can be observed in formed periodontal ligament.
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Nicotine; Rat; Vimentin.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022013000200026

MORPHOLOGICAL AND MORPHOMETRIC ALTERATIONS INDUCED BY VALPROIC ACID ON RAT FETUSES' MECKEL'S CARTILAGE, LINGUAL MUSCULATURE, AND SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Siéssere,Selma; Semprini,Marisa; Lopes,Ruberval A; Sala,Miguel A; Mattos,Maria G. C.
Valproic acid, an antiepileptic drug, is a well-known teratogenic agent; its main target organ is the neural tube, though organ malformations have also been described. The aim of the present work was to analyze the effects of valproic acid on embryo/fetal oral structures: Meckel's cartilage, muscles of the tongue, and submandibular gland. Rats received a intraperitoneal injected of Valproic acid (300mg/Kg) on the 10th day of their gestation. Females were sacrificed on day 20 post coitus, and fetuses were examined. No gross malformations were observed. The following morphological alterations were observed: lower body and placental weight; shorter umbilical cord length; submandibular gland parenchyma less differentiated with larger cellular cord and terminal...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Valproic acid; Rat; Meckel's cartilage; Lingual musculature; Submandibular gland.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022004000200006

Can Formaldehyde Exposure Induce Histopathologic and Morphometric Changes on Rat Kidney?
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Golalipour,Mohammad Jafar; Azarhoush,Ramin; Ghafari,Soraya; Davarian,Ali; Fazeli,Seyyed Amirhossein.
Formaldehyde is used traditionally for fixing the cadaver, and vaporized during dissection and practical studying on cadaver. This study was designed to determine the histopathologic and morphometric changes of rat kidney while all of the experiments were exposed to formaldehyde for 18 weeks. 28 male albino Wistar rats were divided into the following three experimental groups (E1: 2hrs/d, 2d/w; E2: 2hrs/d, 4d/w; E3: 4hrs/d, 4d/w) and one control group (C). when the exposure period was expired the animals were anaesthetized with chloroform. After cervical dislocation, the abdomen was dissected and the kidneys were taken. The kidney specimens were sectioned and stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin technique for histologic and morphometric study. Data were...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Formaldehyde; Exposure; Histology; Kidney; Rat; Morphometry.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022009000400037

Morphologic Changes in Rat's Pineal Gland After Eliminating Retinal Photic Stimulation
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Roa Henriquez,Ignacio; Suazo Galdames,Iván; Cantín López,Mario; Zavando Matamata,Daniela.
Melatonin secretion from mammalian pineal glands is regulated by light stimulation by means of a complex neuroanatomical pathway that includes the retina, hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus, intermediolateral nucleus of the thoracic spinal cord, and finally, the superior cervical ganglia. The purpose of this study was to analyze the changes in the pinealocytes and the blood vessel density of the pineal gland after eliminating photic stimulation in rats. Thirteen adult Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 2 groups, Group I acted as control, and Group II was subjected to a retinal lesión, by means of alcohol injected bilaterally to both ocular bulbs. After 3 weeks, the glands of both groups were processed with hematoxilin-eosin (HE) and observed with an...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Pineal gland; Rat; Photic stimulation; Pinealocytes.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022008000300025

Morphologic Alterations Resulting from Denervation of the Diaphragm in Rats
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Torrejais,M. M; Soares,J. C; Matheus,S. M. M; Francia-Farje,L. A. D; Mello,J. M; Vicente,E. J. D.
The morphological alterations that occur in the muscle fibers of denervated rat diaphragms were studied. Fifteen adult male albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) with a mean weight of 200 g and about 60 days of age were used. Chronically denervated diaphragms were obtained and the animals were sacrificed after 4, 8 and 12 weeks of denervation. The left antimere of the diaphragm was denervated by sectioning of the phrenic nerve and the right antimere served as control. Each antimere was divided into two fragments, which were used for histological (H.E.) and histoenzymological (NADH-TR and myofibrillar ATPase). After 4 weeks, denervated muscle fibers showed important light microscopic alterations: atrophy with angular profiles in cross-sections, cytoplasm...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Diaphragm; Muscle fiber; Denervation; Rat.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022012000300061

Morphometrical Analysis of the Effect of Nicotine Administration on Brain's Prefrontal Region in Male Rat
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Jalili,C; Salahshoor,M. R; Khademi,F; Jalili,P; Roshankhah,S. H.
Nicotine is the most important alkaloid compound in tobacco. One of the major effects of nicotine is stimulation of mesocorticolimbic system. Prefrontal cortex plays a pivotal role in personality and mental state. It is considered the main cause of addiction as it is located in mesocorticolimbic dopamine system. Twenty four male rats were divided into four groups based on nicotine administration dose (0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 g/kg). After animals were anesthetized, their brains were fixed using transcardiac method. Tissue processing and Golgi staining were performed and the stained tissue sections were analyzed by optic microscope and Motic software. By increasing the dose, nicotine significantly decreased the number of neuronal processes. In the higher dose,...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Morphometric; Prefrontal cortex; Nicotine; Rat.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022014000300003

Scopolamine Reduces the Density of M1 Muscarinic Neurons in Rats' Hippocampus
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Jahanshahi,M; Nickmahzar,E. G; Seif-hoseini,S; Babakordi,F; Moharreri,A.
Cholinergic system in CNS is involved in learning and memory. Scopolamine as muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist is used for creation of memory impairment. The purpose of this study is evaluation of scopolamine-based amnesia on memory retention and the effect of this phenomenon on the number of neurons contains M1-receptors in the male Wistar rats hippocampal regions. Thirty-five male Wistar rats (200±20 g) were distributed randomly into five groups. Control group (intact samples) and 3 experimental groups with sham group (saline) were tested by the method of passive avoidance (shuttle box) in doses of 0.2, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg (intraperitoneally) as a single dose. After one week, memory test was taken from the rats. Finally, brains dissected from...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: M1 receptor; Scopolamine; Avoidance memory; Hippocampus; Rat.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022013000400014

Microwave Fixation in Rat Fetuses Tissues: Histological and Immunohistochemical Analysis
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Pitol,Dimitrius Leonardo; Mardegan Issa,João Paulo Mardegan; Camacho,Eduardo; Wolga,Nilce de Oliveira; Caetano,Flávio Henrique; Lunardi,Laurelúcia Orive.
The aim of this study was to show the microwaves action in fixation of rat fetuses, dermal and cartilaginous tissues, using histological and immunohistochemistry methods for analysis. It was possible to conclude in this study using the rat as experimental model that the two methods for antibody retrieval, presented an excellent ways for the use of Ki67 antibody in the immunohistochemical analysis
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Microwave; Rat; Histological and immunohistochemical analysis; Fixation.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022007000400005

Effect of Lamivudine on the Rat Pregnancy Outcome
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Pontes,Rosana Dorsa Vieira; Amed,Abês Mamed; Simões,Manuel Jesus; Oliveira-Filho,Ricardo Martins; Simões,Ricardo Santos; Kulay Jr,Luiz.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is in growing incidence throughout the world. Due to the increasing proportion of affected women in reproductive years, the association of pregnancy with HIV infection becomes a matter of major Public Health concern. Antiretroviral drug administration turned out to be imperative during pregnancy in order to prevent the vertical transmission; accordingly, new antiretroviral drugs and anti-HIV drug associations have been tested in experimental pregnancy models before they are approved to be included in protocols for use during human pregnancy. Lamivudine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor currently used in association with other antiretrovirals. Since no data exist on the perinatal safety of...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Lamivudine; Toxicology; Rat; Pregnancy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022005000300001

Effects of Potentilla fulgens on the Changes Made in the Retinal Damage Induced by Traumatic Head Injury
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Hüseyin,Özevren; Engin,Deveci.
Traumatic head injury is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity. As a result of head trauma occurring in the retina of the various biochemical, histological and immunohistochemical effects were investigated. Sprague­Dawley rats were subjected to traumatic brain injury with a weight-drop device using 300 g-1 m weight­height impact. Twenty one rats were divided into three groups, as group 1 (vehicle-treated control), group 2 (vehicle-treated trauma) group 3 trauma + Potentilla fulgens ( P. Fulgens) 400 mg/kg/day, i.p.). Distilled water was used as vehicle. All rats were decapitated 5 days after the induction of trauma, and the protective effects of P. Fulgens were evaluated by histological, immunohistochemical and biochemical analyses. Although further...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Traumatic injury; Retina; Potentilla fulgens; Rat.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022017000300007

The Effects of Systemic Use of Nicotine on the Rat Nasal Mucosa: a Histopathologic and Immunohistochemical Study
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Yorgancilar,Ediz; Tunik,Selcuk; Deveci,Engin; Gun,Ramazan; Bakir,Salih; Kinis,Vefa; Ayaz,Ercan; Topcu,Ismail.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the histopathologic effects of systemic use of nicotine on the rat nasal mucosa. Twelve adult Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 180-220 g, were used as experimental animals. The rats were divided into Nicotine and control groups. The rats of Nicotine groups (n=6) were administered 2mg/kg Nicotine sulphate for 28 days. The rats of control group (n=6) were only administered 1,5 ml physiologic saline solution subcutaneously for 28 days. All animals were sacrified at the end of the study and nasal tissue samples were removed and prepared for histologic examination. The sections were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H-E) and Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and Trichrome-Masson were observed under light microscope. E-cadherin...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Nicotine; Rat; Nasal mucosa; E-cadherin; Immunohistochemistry.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022012000300010

Dopamine Receptors Gene Expression in Male Rat Hippocampus after Administration of MDMA (Ecstasy)
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Simin,Mahakizadeh; Mehrdad,Jahanshahi; Kamran,Haidari; Majid,Shahbazi.
Ecstasy is one of the most popular amusing drugs among young people. Documents indicate some effects of Ecstasy on hippocampus and close relations between dopaminergic functions with reward learning. Therefore, the aim of this study was evaluation of the chronic effects of Ecstasy on memory in male Wistar rats and determination of dopamine receptors' gene expression in hippocampus. Forty adult male Wistar rats randomly distributed in five groups: Control, sham (received 1 ml/kg 0.9% saline) and three experimental groups were: Exp. 1 (2.5 mg/kg), Exp. 2 (5 mg/kg), and Exp. 3 (10 mg/kg) received MDMA intraperitoneally once every 7 days (3 times a day, 3 hours apart) for 4 weeks. Before the first injection animals trained in Shuttle Box memory and tested...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: MDMA; Dopamine Receptors; Gene expression; Hippocampus; Rat.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022015000100048

Action of Trivalent Chromium on Rat Liver Structure. Histometric and Haematological Studies
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Silva,Rogério Ferreira da; Lopes,Ruberval A; Sala,Miguel A; Vinha,Dionísio; Regalo,Simone C. H.; Souza,Ana Maria de; Gregório,Zita Maria de O.
The trace mineral trivalent chromium (Cr3+) is an essential nutrient involved in the regulation of carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism via an enhancement of insulin action. The present work had as objective to characterize histopathologically and histometrically the hepatic alterations of female Wistar rats, determined by the chromium III administration in drinking water. Adult rats received ration and drinking water ad libitum containing 300 or 500 mg/l chromium III during 4 months. Control animals received only water and ration. All animals were sacrificed by lethal dose of anesthetic. Samples of liver were fixed in 10% formalin for 24 h. Tissues for microscopical pathology were processed using standard procedures. Paraffin sections prepared at 6...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Liver; Rat; Chromium; Morphometry; Hematology.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022006000300014

Effect of Scopolamine-based Amnesia on the Number of Astrocytes in the Rat's Hippocampus
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Jahanshahi,M; Azami,N. S; Nickmahzar,E.
As neuron­astrocyte interactions play a crucial role in the adult brain, it is thought that astrocytes support learning and memory through specific mechanisms. In this study, the effect of scopolamine based amnesia on the number of astrocytes in rats' hippocampus was studied. Adult male albino Wistar rats were bilaterally cannulated into the CA1 region and animals received saline or different doses of scopolamine (0.5, 1 and 2 mg/ rat, intra - CA1), immediately after training. Then all the rats were sacrificed and coronal sections were taken from the dorsal hippocampal formation of the right cerebral hemispheres and stained with PTAH. The area densities of the astrocytes in dentate gyrus were measured and compared in the all groups (p &lt; 0.05). Data...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Scopolamine; Amnesia; Astrocyte; Hippocampus; Rat.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022012000200004

Morphological Study of Myoneural Interaction between the Levator Labii Superioris Muscle and its Motor Nerve in Rats
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Melo,Carina Guimarães de Souza; Shinohara,André Luis; Andreo,Jesus Carlos; Rodrigues,Antonio de Castro.
The progress of science in search of new techniques of the nerve regeneration and the functional repair in reinnervated muscle has been the target of many researchers around the world. Consequently, nerves and muscles in different body segments asked for more enlightenment of their morphology, their interrelation with other anatomic structures and their peculiarities. One of the most significant areas that need deeper studies is the region of the head and neck, since they are often affected by important pathologies. In order to offer the researcher's community a morphological myoneural interaction model, this study elected the levator labii superioris muscle and its motor nerve, the buccal branch of the facial nerve (VII pair) not only for its special...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Nerve; Morphology; Morphometry; Levator labii superioris muscle; Rat.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022009000300002

Foscarnet Effects on the Rat Pregnancy Outcome
Provedor de dados: International Journal of Morphology
Autores: Venneri Mathias,Cícero; Simões,Manuel de Jesus; Mahmed Amed,Abes; Martins Oliveira-Filho,Ricardo; Venneri Mathias,Camila Fernandes; dos Santos Simões,Ricardo; Kulay Júnior,Luiz.
There are few long-term data on which to base decisions of drug management of HIV infection in pregnancy. The determination of safe medications must take into consideration the need for certain drugs and the possibility of inadvertent fetal exposure because of unplanned pregnancies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of foscarnet on the entire period of rat pregnancy. Female pregnant rats were randomly assigned to four treatment groups (n = 10): one control (C) ­ treated with the drug vehicle (bidestilled water) and three experimental groups (E1, E2 and E3) ­ treated with 180, 360 or 720 mg/Kg of foscarnet, respectively. Rats were treated by gavage once daily. The treatment period extended from the first until the 20th day of pregnancy. Body...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Antiretroviral drugs; Foscarnet; Pregnancy; Rat.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022005000200008

生菌製剤投与によるラットの脂質代謝
Provedor de dados: Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Academic Repository (OAK)
Autores: 福島, 道広; 中野, 益男; FUKUSHIMA, Michihiro; NAKANO, Masuo.
Palavras-chave: ラット; 生菌製剤; 腸内細菌叢; コレステロール; 胆汁酸; Rat; Probiotic; Faecal microflora; Cholesterol; Bile acid.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/1347

ラット後躯自己血液潅流標本における血管拡張反応の薬理学的特性
Provedor de dados: Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Academic Repository (OAK)
Autores: Nishimura, Masakazu; Su, Che; Lee, Tony J.-F.
Palavras-chave: Neurogenic vasodilation; Rat; Hindquarters; Antihistaminics; Cocaine.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/1355

Preparation method modulates hypocholesterolaemic responses of potato peptides
Provedor de dados: Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Academic Repository (OAK)
Autores: Liyanage, Ruvini; Minamino, Saori; Nakamura, Yumi; Shimada, Ken-ichiro; Sekikawa, Mitsuo; Sasaki, Keiko; Ohba, Kiyoshi; Jayawardana, Barana Chaminda; Shibayama, Shin-ichi; Fukushima, Michihiro; 福島, 道広; 島田, 謙一郎; 関川, 三男.
In this study we compared the hypocholesterolaemic ability of two potato peptide preparations in rats. Experimental groups were fed for 4 weeks, with casein as the basal diet, in comparison with two diets containing 20% potato peptide preparations PPS (Short hydrolysis preparation) and PPL (Long hydrolysis preparation). Serum total cholesterol and serum triglyceride level were lower in PPS-fed group compared with CN-and PPL-fed groups. Lower non-HDL cholesterol level (P&lt;0.05) in both PPS-and PPL-fed groups, was followed by higher neutral sterol excretion, and higher hepatic LDL-R and SR-B1 mRNA level than the control. Hepatic SREBP-2 and HMG-CoA reductase mRNA level were higher in PPL-fed group compared with the CN-fed group (P&lt;0.05). Caecal total...
Palavras-chave: Potato peptide; Cholesterol; Short chain fatty acid; Faecal steroid; Hepatic gene; Rat.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/2682

Methylcholanthrene自家誘発腫瘍担癌ラットに対するトキソプラズマ溶解抗原の抗腫瘍効果
Provedor de dados: Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Academic Repository (OAK)
Autores: MIYAHARA, Kazuro; YOKOO, Naoya; SAKURAI, Haruhisa; IGARASHI, Ikuo; SAKATA, Yu; YOSHIDA, Yutaka; SAITO, Atsushi; HIROSE, Tsuneo; SUZUKI, Naoyoshi; 宮原, 和郎; 五十嵐, 郁男.
Growth of the tumor autoinduced by 20-methylcholanthrene (MC) in rats was inhibited after administration of Toxoplasma lysate antigen (TLA). The antitumor activity of TLA was most obvious in the early stage of tumoral growth. When TLA was administered to rats before the appearance of tumor, tumor formation was delayed slightly. Histopathological studies revealed dense growths of spindle tumor cells in untreated control rat, while enlarged central necrosis with the infiltration of lymphocytes and neutrophils was apparent in TLA-treated rats. According to the immunohistological examination of tumor tissue with anti-Thy-1 antibody, the rats treated with TLA showed large Thy-1 positive granular cells, whereas the untreated rats indicated only a few small Thy-1...
Palavras-chave: Antitumor activity; Methylcholanthrene-autoinduced tumor; Rat; Thy-1 positive granular cell; Toxoplasma lysate antigen.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/4064

การศึกษาความปลอดภัยของสาหร่ายสีเขียวแกมน้ำเงิน Spirulina ตากแห้ง ซึ่งเลี้ยงจากน้ำดีเกลือเข้มข้น (น้ำทิ้งจากนาเกลือ)
Provedor de dados: Thai Agricultural Research Repository
Autores: Duangchan Hengsawadi; Pongsri Jittanoonta; Yaovadee Cuptapun; Somboon Poopat; Chanya Pukkavesa; Jakkrapong Limpanussorn; Prapaipat Klungsupya.
Tipo: PhysicalObject
Palavras-chave: Spirulina product; Safety study; Rat; Beheavior; Body weight; Food consumption; สาหร่ายสีเขียวแกมน้ำเงิน; ความปลอดภัยในการบริโภค; สัตว์ทดลอง; พฤติกรรม; ลักษณะทางสัณฐานวิทยา; การเปลี่ยนแปลงน้ำหนักตัว; การกินอาหาร; ค่าทางโลหิตวิทยา.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5132

Effects of Aliskiren, an RAAS inhibitor, on a carrageenan-induced pleurisy model of rats
Provedor de dados: Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
Autores: BAYIR,YASIN; UN,HARUN; CADIRCI,ELIF; AKPINAR,EROL; DIYARBAKIR,BUSRA; CALIK,ILKNUR; HALICI,ZEKAI.
Abstract Our aim is to investigate the potentially preventive effects of Aliskiren in a carrageenan-induced lung pleurisy model and to compare the standard anti-inflammatory agents, indomethacin and dexamethasone. The pleurisy model was induced through the injection of carrageenan (0.2 ml-%2) into the pleural cavity. After the experiment, serum and lung tissues were collected and biochemical, molecular and pathological examinations were performed. In our study, pleural inflammation decreased superoxide dismutase activity and the glutathione level and increased the malondialdehyde level in the lung of rats, while Aliskiren increased the superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione level and decreased the malondialdehyde level. In addition,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Aliskiren; Cytokines; Lung injury; Oxidative stress; Pleurisy; Rat.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652019000100801

The pilocarpine model of epilepsy: what have we learned?
Provedor de dados: Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
Autores: Scorza,Fulvio A.; Arida,Ricardo M.; Naffah-Mazzacoratti,Maria da Graça; Scerni,Débora A.; Calderazzo,Lineu; Cavalheiro,Esper A.
The systemic administration of a potent muscarinic agonist pilocarpine in rats promotes sequential behavioral and electrographic changes that can be divided into 3 distinct periods: (a) an acute period that built up progressively into a limbic status epilepticus and that lasts 24 h, (b) a silent period with a progressive normalization of EEG and behavior which varies from 4 to 44 days, and (c) a chronic period with spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRSs). The main features of the SRSs observed during the long-term period resemble those of human complex partial seizures and recurs 2-3 times per week per animal. Therefore, the pilocarpine model of epilepsy is a valuable tool not only to study the pathogenesis of temporal lobe epilepsy in human condition, but...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Hippocampus; Pilocarpine; Temporal lobe epilepsy; Rat.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652009000300003

Noninvasive method for electrocardiogram recording in conscious rats: feasibility for heart rate variability analysis
Provedor de dados: Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
Autores: Pereira-Junior,Pedro P.; Marocolo,Moacir; Rodrigues,Fabricio P.; Medei,Emiliano; Nascimento,José H.M.
Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis consists in a well-established tool for the assessment of cardiac autonomic control, both in humans and in animal models. Conventional methods for HRV analysis in rats rely on conscious state electrocardiogram (ECG) recording based on prior invasive surgical procedures for electrodes/transmitters implants. The aim of the present study was to test a noninvasive and inexpensive method for ECG recording in conscious rats, assessing its feasibility for HRV analysis. A custom-made elastic cotton jacket was developed to fit the rat's mean thoracic circumference, with two pieces of platinum electrodes attached on its inner surface, allowing ECG to be recorded noninvasively in conscious, restrained rats (n=6). Time- and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Electrocardiography; Heart rate variability; Methodology; Noninvasive; Rat.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652010000200019

Effect of pinealectomy, adrenalectomy, pinealectomy plus adrenalectomy upon the quantification of spermatogenic cells of adult rats
Provedor de dados: Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
Autores: Castro,A.C.S.; Queiroz,G.F.; Nogueira,J.C.; Coimbra,C.C.; Reis,A.M.; Marubayashi,U.; Yamasaki,K.
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of pinealectomy, adrenalectomy and pinealectomy-adrenalectomy upon the quantification of spermatogenic cells of rats. As such, 32 adult Wistar rats with a mean body weight of 331.7± 15.5g were assigned into one of the following treatments: (a) a sham-operated control group, consisting of nine animals; (b) ten pinealectomized animals; (c) seven adrenalectomized animals and (d) six pinealectomized plus adrenalectomized animals. No significant differences were observed between groups for the following parameters: body, testes, prostate and seminal vesicle weights, seminiferous tubular diameter, number of cells per seminiferous tubular cross sections (primary spermatocytes at pachytene, round...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Spermatogenesis; Pinealectomy; Adrenalectomy; Rat.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352002000300008

Osteogenic differentiation of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells cultured with different concentrations of prolactin
Provedor de dados: Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
Autores: Oliveira,K.P.; Reis,A.M.S.; Silva,A.P.; Silva,C.L.R.; Goes,A.M.; Serakides,R.; Ocarino,N.M.
ABSTRACT The objective was to evaluate the in vitro effect of prolactin in osteogenic potential of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) in female rats. ADSCs were cultured in osteogenic medium with and without the addition of prolactin and distributed into three groups: 1) ADSCs (control), 2) ADSCs with addition of 100ng/mL of prolactin and 3) ADSCs with addition of 300ng/mL of prolactin. At 21 days of differentiation, the tests of MTT conversion into formazan crystals, percentage of mineralized nodules and cells per field and quantification of genic transcript for alkaline phosphatase, osteopontin, osteocalcin, bone sialoprotein, BMP-2 and collagen I by real-time RT-PCR were made. The addition of prolactin reduced the conversion of MTT in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Rat; Osteogenic differentiation; Osteoblasts; Hormone; Adipose tissue.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352017000601573

Histomorphometric and functional studies of the rat thyroid throughout the estrous cycle
Provedor de dados: Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
Autores: Serakides,R.; Nunes,V.A; Nascimento,E.F.; Serra,G.V.
The influence of the estrous cycle on the thyroid gland was studied. Twenty one five-to-seven-month-old Wistar female rats were divided according to the stage of the estrous cycle in two groups: metaestrus-diestrus and proestrus-estrus. After gross inspection, the thyroids were weighed, sampled, and processed for staining with hematoxilyn-eosin. Seric concentrations of total T4, free T4, total T3, TSH, progesterone, and estradiol were measured. The values of estradiol were significantly higher in the proestrus-estrus stage. However, no significant differences in the plasmatic concentrations of progesterone, free T4, total T4 and TSH throughout the cycle were found. The results of the morphometric study of the thyroid did not indicate any significant...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Rat; Thyroid; Estrous cycle.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352002000100017

The action of demineralized bovine bone matrix on bone neoformation in rats submitted to experimental alcoholism
Provedor de dados: Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
Autores: Buchaim,R.L.; Andreo,J.C.; Rodrigues,A. C.; Buchaim,D.V.; Dias,D.V.; Daré,L.R.; Roque,D.D.; Roque,J.S.
The objective of this study was to evaluate whether demineralized bovine bone (Gen-ox®) alters bone neoformation in rats submitted to alcoholism. Forty male rats were separated into two groups of 20 rats and distributed as follows: Group E1, which received 25% ethanol and a surgical cavity filled only by a blood clot, and Group E2, which received 25% ethanol and a surgical cavity filled with Gen-ox®. The animals were euthanized at 10, 20, 40 and 60 days after surgery and necropsy was performed. The histomorphological and histometric analyses of the area of connective tissue and bone neoformation showed that the reorganization of the bone marrow and full repair of the surgical cavity in Group E1 occurred more quickly than in Group E2. It was also noted that...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Rat; Bone regeneration; Alcoholism.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352013000300016

Hematological and biochemical profiles of rats submitted to experimental poisoning with Tityus serrulatus venom
Provedor de dados: Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
Autores: Pinto,M.C.L.; Melo,M.M.; Costa,M.E.R.; Labarrere,C.R.
The hematological and biochemical profiles of newly weaned rats submitted to experimental poisoning with T. serrulatus venom were evaluated. Fifteen recently weaned male Wistar rats (mean weight 130g) were distributed into three equal groups (n = 5). Animals in the control group (group A) received a subcutaneous injection of 400μL of ultra-pure water, while those in the experimental groups received, by identical route, 400μL of a solution containing 100μg (group B) or 450μg (group C) of scorpion venom dissolved in ultra-pure water. Red blood cells indexes, and differential leukocyte and total platelet counts were determined, together with levels of serum glucose, urea, creatinine, lactic dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, amylase, insulin, and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Rat; Tityus serrulatus; Scorpion; Experimental envenoming; Hematology; Biochemestry.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352010000200015

Lipid peroxidation in rats treated with vincristine sulphate and nandrolone decanoate
Provedor de dados: Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
Autores: Martins,D.B; Lopes,S.T.A; Mazzanti,C.M; Spanevello,R; Schmatz,R; Corrêa,M; Stefanello,N; Schetinger,M.R; Morsch,V; Veiga,A.P.M.
Brain and serum lipid peroxidation was studied in rats treated with vincristine sulphate and different doses of nandrolone decanoate. Thirty rats were distributed into six groups (n=5). The treatments were applied once a week for two weeks. Sample collection was performed in the third week. Treatments during the first week were: G1 (control) - physiologic solution, G2 - vincristine sulphate (4mg/m²), G3 - physiologic solution, G4 - physiologic solution, G5- vincristine sulphate (4mg/m²), and G6 - vincristine sulphate (4mg/m²). In the second week, they were: G1 (control) - physiologic solution, G2- physiologic solution, G3 - nandrolone decanoate (1.8mg/kg-1), G4 - nandrolone decanoate (10mg/kg-1), G5 - nandrolone decanoate (1.8mg/kg-1), and G6 - nandrolone...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Rat; Anabolic androgenic steroid; Chemotherapeutic; Free radicals; Brain; Blood serum.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352011000100017

Parasite survey in mouse and rat colonies of Brazilian laboratory animal houses kept under differents sanitary barrier conditions
Provedor de dados: Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
Autores: Gilioli,R.; Andrade,L.A.G.; Passos,L.A.C.; Silva,F.A.; Rodrigues,D.M.; Guaraldo,A.M.A.
A parasitological study was undertaken to determine the health status of 15 mouse and 10 rat colonies bred in 18 Brazilian laboratory animal houses maintained under different sanitary barrier conditions which supply animals for teaching, research purposes and manufacture of biological products for medical or veterinary use. Parasitological methods were used for diagnosis of mites, lices, helminthes and protozoan parasites. A questionnaire was answered by institutions with the intention to obtain information about the existence of barriers against infections and of regular sanitary monitoring program of their colonies. The questionnaire data show that the majority of the animal houses investigated do not possess an efficient sanitary barrier system able to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Rat; Mouse; Brazilian laboratory animal houses; Parasite; Sanitary barrier.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352000000100009

Normal microbiota of the perialveolar region of incisors of rats
Provedor de dados: Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
Autores: Araújo,F.R.G.; Castro,C.M.M.B.; Severo,M.S.; Diniz,M.F.A.; Viana,M.T.; Evêncio,L.B.
Identificou-se a microbiota normal da região peri-alveolar de incisivos em 72 ratos Wistar, com 70-90 dias de idade e 280-330g de peso. As bactérias foram coletadas com suabes embebidos em solução salina. Do material depositado em tubo contendo 460µl de Brain Heart Infusion e diluído em 1:10, retirou-se 1µl para semeadura em placas de Petri. O crescimento médio foi 1,4x10(6) ± 2,6x10(5)UFC/ml. Segundo a ordem das freqüências, as bactérias encontradas foram: Bacillus sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus viridans, Corynebacterium sp., Staphylococcus coagulase negativa, Enterococcus sp., Staphylococcus saprophyticcus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella pneumoniae e Serratia liquefaciens. De todas as bactérias isoladas, as Gram-positivas e...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Rat; Microbiota; Aerobic bacteria; Perialveolar region; Alveoliti.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352007000600037

Sanitary profile in mice and rat colonies in laboratory animal houses in Minas Gerais: I - Endo and ectoparasites
Provedor de dados: Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
Autores: Bicalho,K.A.; Araújo,F.T.M.; Rocha,R.S.; Carvalho,O.S.
The sanitary conditions of 13 animal houses in nine public institutions in Minas Gerais, and the presence of endo and ectoparasites of mice and rats colonies kept in these facilities were evaluated. Data about barriers to prevent the transmission of diseases and a program of sanitary monitoring were obtained through a questionnaire and local visit. Parasitological methods were performed for diagnosing mite, lice, helminthes, and protozoa parasites in 344 mice and 111 rats. Data have shown that the majority of the animal houses had neither proper physical environment nor protection barriers to prevent the transmission of infections. Parasitological results have shown that only one animal house (7.7%) had parasite free animals, whereas the others have...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Mice; Rat; Animal house; Parasite; Sanitary barrier.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352007000600020

Effect of dithiocarbamate thiram on Wistar rat growth plate and articular cartilage
Provedor de dados: Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
Autores: Fialho,L.; Rafael,A.; Cabrita,A.S.; Pereira,A.M.F.; Capela e Silva,F.
Avaliou-se o efeito do tirame, ditiocarbamato largamente utilizado na agricultura como antifúngico e repelente de roedores, na ossificação endocondral de mamíferos, usando, como modelo, ratos Wistar. Não foram observadas lesões na cartilagem articular, nem nas placas de crescimento, o que pode ser atribuído à dose utilizada e à duração do ensaio. A diminuição da altura da placa de crescimento nos animais aos quais foi administrado o tirame parece traduzir o atraso verificado no crescimento em geral, e não um efeito específico na cartilagem, uma vez que as diferentes zonas da placa epifisária mantiveram as proporções dos animais do grupo-controle. Embora não tenham sido verificados, no presente trabalho, os efeitos registrados para outras espécies nos...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Rat; Dithiocarbamate; Thiram; Growth plate; Articular cartilage.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352012000100036

Proliferative and inflammatory changes in the urinary bladder of female rats naturally infected with Trichosomoides crassicauda: report of 48 cases
Provedor de dados: Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
Autores: Serakides,R.; Ribeiro,A.F.C.; Silva,C.M.; Santos,R.L.; Nunes,V.A.; Nascimento,E.F.
The objective of this report was to describe the pathological changes in the urinary bladder of female rats naturally infected with Trichosomoides crassicauda. Forty eight 5 to 8 months of age female Wistar rats were studied. At necropsy uroliths were detected in seven animals (14.6%). Among the bladders that contained the parasite only three (6.3%) did not show any significant histological change and were considered normal, but on the contrary, three (6.3%) did contain papillomas and uroliths, four (8.3%) had uroliths associated with epithelial hyperplasia ranging from moderate to severe, and the remaining (79.2%) showed variable degrees of epithelial hyperplasia and inflammation without urolithiasis. It cannot be concluded whether irritation of the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Rat; Urinary bladder; Trichosomoides crassicauda; Urolith; Papilloma.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352001000200012

Effects of the food contaminant semicarbazide on testicular morphology of juvenile Wistar rats
Provedor de dados: Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
Autores: Ramos,A; Pereira,A.; Cabrita,A.S; Silva,F. Capela e.
O objectivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da semicarbazida na morfologia testicular de ratos Wistar jovens. Os animais foram tratados durante 30 dias com hidrocloreto de semicarbazida incorporado na dieta, nas concentrações de 0, 3 e 6g/kg. Os resultados obtidos revelaram uma diminuição estatisticamente significativa no diâmetro dos túbulos seminíferos, no diâmetro do lúmen dos túbulos seminíferos e na área ocupada pelo epitélio seminífero nos animais dos grupos experimentais em comparação com os animais do grupo controlo. Estes resultados evidenciam que a semicarbazida induz alterações importantes no desenvolvimento testicular e sugerem um estudo mais aprofundado sobre os mecanismos de acção, dos efeitos a longo prazo, da reversibilidade das...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Semicarbazida; Rato; Wistar; Testículos; Semicarbazide; Rat; Wistar; Testes.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352012000300037

Behavior of mesenchymal stem cells stained with 4&amp;', 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI) in osteogenic and non osteogenic cultures
Provedor de dados: Biocell
Autores: Ocarino,N.M.; Bozzi,A.; Pereira,R.D.O.; Breyner,N.M.; Silva,V.L.; Castanheira,P.; Goes,A.M.; Serakides,R.
4&amp;', 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride (DAPI) is a DNA dye widely used to mark and trace stem cells in therapy. We here studied the effect of DAPI staining on the behavior of mesenchymal stem cells cultured in either a control, non-osteogenic medium or in an osteogenic differentiation medium. In the control medium, the number of stem cells/field, as well as the number of fluorescent cells/field increased up to the sixth day in both control and DAPI-treated cultures. Afterwards, both the number of fluorescent cells and their fluorescence intensity decreased. Control cells were fusiform and with some long extensions that apparently linked them to neighboring cells, while DAPI-treated cells were mostly round cells with fine and short extensions....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bone marrow; Cell cultures; Rat; Osteogenic differentiation.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0327-95452008000200003

The anteromedial extrastriate complex is critical for the use of allocentric visual cues and in the retention of the Lashley III maze task in rats
Provedor de dados: Biological Research
Autores: ESPINOZA-CIFUENTES,SERGIO; LEANDER ZEISE,MARC.
The anteromedial extrastriate complex has been proposed to play an essential role in a spatial orientation system in rats. To gain more information about that possible role, in the present work, two questions were addressed: 1. Are allocentric visual cues relevant for acquisition of the orientation task in the Lashley III maze? 2. Is this integration of allocentric inputs in the anteromedial visual complex relevant in the retention of this test? While a control group of rats was trained keeping the maze in the same position, the experimental group was trained with the maze rotated counterclockwise by 144 degrees from session to session. Control rats reached learning criterion significantly earlier and with less errors than the experimental ones (p&lt;.05)....
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Visuospatial memory; Anteromedial extrastriate complex; Lashley III maze; Ibotenic acid; Rat.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602008000400006

Genital Sensory Stimulation Shifts Estradiol Intraoviductal Signaling from Nongenomic to Genomic Pathways, Independently from Prolactin Surges
Provedor de dados: Biological Research
Autores: PEÑARROJA-MATUTAN0,C; PARADA-BUSTAMANTE,A; ORIHUELA,P A; RÍOS,M; VELASQUEZ,LUIS A; CROXATTO,H B.
Estradiol (E2) accelerates oviductal egg transport through nongenomic pathways involving oviductal protein phosphorylation in non-mated rats, and through genomic pathways in mated rats. Here we investigated the ability of cervico-vaginal stimulation (CVS) to switch the mode of action of E2 in the absence of other male-associated components. Pro-estrous rats were subjected to CVS with a glass rod and 12 hours later were injected subcutaneously with E2 and intrabursally with the RNA synthesis inhibitor Actinomycin D or the protein phosphorylation inhibitor H-89. The number of eggs in the oviduct, assessed 24 h later, showed that Actinomycin D, but not H-89 blocked the E2-induced egg transport acceleration. This clearly indicates that CVS alone, without other...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Mating; Oviduct; Estradiol; Signaling pathways; Prolactin receptor; Egg transport; Rat.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602007000200012

A neutral cue facilitates detection of a visual target by modulating attention
Provedor de dados: Biological Research
Autores: HAMAME,CARLOS M; DELANO,PAÚL H; ROBLES,LUIS.
Twelve rats were trained to perform a two-choice visual detection task in which a right or left light was presented and the animáis were required to press the lever located under the illuminated light for a food reward. In seventy percent of the triáis the target light was preceded by presentation of a neutral cue (a central light). Relevance of the neutral cue for detection of the target was analyzed by comparing behavioral Índices of attention in its presence and absence. Accuracy was significantly higher in presence than in absence of the neutral cue, while mean response latencies were lower in presence than in absence of the neutral cue. These results indicate that the animáis allocated attentional resources on the target detection during a high...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Alerting effect; Attention; Detection task; Expectancy; Neutral cue; Rat.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602008000400012

Anatomy of corpus callosum in prenatally malnourished rats
Provedor de dados: Biological Research
Autores: Olivares,Ricardo; Morgan,Carlos; Pérez,Hernán; Hernández,Alejandro; Aboitiz,Francisco; Soto-Moyano,Rubén; Gil,Julio; Ortiz,Alexis; Flores,Osvaldo; Gimeno,Miguel; Laborda,Jesús.
The effect of prenatal malnutrition on the anatomy of the corpus callosum was assessed in adult rats (45-52 days old). In the prenatally malnourished animals we observed a significant reduction of the corpus callosum total area, partial areas, and perimeter, as compared with normal animals. In addition, the splenium of corpus callosum (posterior fifth) showed a significant decrease of fiber diameters in the myelinated fibers without changing density. There was also a significant decrease in diameter and a significant increase in density of unmyelinated fibers. Measurements of perimeter's fractal dimensions from sagittal sections of the brain and corpus callosum did not show significant differences between malnourished and control animals. These findings...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Corpus callosum; Prenatal malnutrition; Rat; Splenium.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602012000100012

Long lasting structural changes in primary motor cortex after motor skill learning: a behavioural and stereological study
Provedor de dados: Biological Research
Autores: MORALES,PAOLA.
Many motor skills, once acquired, are stored over a long time period, probably sustained by permanent neuronal changes. Thus, in this paper we have investigated with quantitative stereology the generation and persistence of neuronal density changes in primary motor cortex (MI) following motor skill learning (skilled reaching task). Rats were trained a lateralised reaching task during an "early" (22-31 days oíd) or "late" (362-371 days oíd) postnatal period. The trained and corresponding control rats were sacrificed at day 372, immediately after the behavioural testing. The "early" trained group preserved the learned skilled reaching task when tested at day 372, without requiring any additional training. The "late" trained group showed a similar capacity to...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Motor cortex; Plasticity; Persistence of structural changes; Aging; Motor skill learning (skilled reaching task); Stereology; Rat.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602008000400005

The role of MCP-1-CCR2 ligand-receptor axis in chondrocyte degradation and disease progress in knee osteoarthritis
Provedor de dados: Biological Research
Autores: Xu,Yuan-kun; Ke,Yan; Wang,Bin; Lin,Jian-hao.
BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common arthritic disease and multifactorial whole-joint disease. Interactions of chemokines and OA is inadequately documented RESULTS: In vivo and in vitro studies were conducted to investigate monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and receptor chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 2 (CCR2) in chondrocyte degradation and cartilage degeneration. Chondrocytes from 16 OA patients and 6 normal controls were involved in this study. After stimulation of MCP-1, the expression of MCP-1 and CCR2 increased significantly (P &lt; 0.001) and the expression of MMP-13 also increased (P &lt; 0.05). MCP-1 stimulation also induced (or enhanced) the apoptosis of OA chondrocytes (P &lt; 0.05). Additionally, the degradation of cartilage...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: MCP-1; CCR2; Osteoarthritis; Chondrocyte; Rat; Mouse.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602015000100064

Relevance of a neutral cue in a two-choice detection task in the rat
Provedor de dados: Biological Research
Autores: HAMAME,CARLOS M; DELANO,PAUL H; ROBLES,LUIS.
Relevance of a neutral cue for performance in a two-choice visuospatial detection task was examined. Nine rats were trained, 5 with short intertrial interval (ITI) and 4 with long ITI, to detect a target (lateral lights) presented after a neutral-cue (central light). The removal of the neutral-cue decreased accuracy and increased response latencies and omissions. These results demonstrate that a neutral-cue, preceding the target, is relevant for the performance, suggesting that rats are highly expectant during the neutral-cue and reallocate attentional resources during ITI. Furthermore, latencies were higher, omissions were lower and the fall of accuracy was greater for rats with long than with short ITI, which could indicate that the neutral-cue was more...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Attention; Expectancy; Neutral cue; Attentional task; Rat.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602006000200008

Proteomic Investigation of Changes in Rat Skeletal Muscle after Exercise-Induced Fatigue
Provedor de dados: Biological Research
Autores: Zhao,Liping; Yan,Wenhui; Xiang,Heng; Wang,Xiaoyang; Qiao,Haixuan.
The mechanisms of exercise-induced fatigue have not been investigated using proteomic techniques, an approach that could improve our understanding and generate novel information regarding the effects of exercise. In this study, the proteom alterations of rat skeletal muscle were investigated during exercise-induced fatigue. The proteins were extracted from the skeletal muscle of SD rat thigh, and then analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis and PDQuest software. Compared to control samples, 10 significantly altered proteins were found in exercise samples, two of them were upregulated and eight of them were downregulated. These proteins were identified by MALDI TOF-MS. The two upregulated proteins were identified as MLC1 and myosin L2 (DTNB) regulatory...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Proteomics; Exercise-induced fatigue; Skeletal muscle; Rat.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602012000100010

Effect of an aqueous extract of annatto (Bixa orellana) seeds on lipid profile and biochemical markers of renal and hepatic function in hipercholesterolemic rats
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
Autores: Paula,Heberth de; Pedrosa,Maria Lúcia; Rossoni Júnior,Joamyr Victor; Haraguchi,Fabiano Kenji; Santos,Rinaldo Cardoso dos; Silva,Marcelo Eustáquio.
Annatto extract is a natural food color obtained from the outer coatings of the seeds of the Annatto tree (Bixa orellana L.). This is the first report in the literature that shows the relationship between the aqueous annatto extract and its influence on lipid profile in animals. Male Fisher rats were divided into three groups (n=12): C group, fed standard diet and water; H group, fed high-lipid diet and water and; HU group, with high-lipid diet and aqueous annatto extract for 60 days. The treatment with annatto extract in animals fed with the high-lipid diet lowered the LDL- and total cholesterol and raised the HDL-cholesterol, suggesting a hypocholesterolemic effect. Neither high-fat diet nor aqueous annatto extract had any significant effect on serum...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Annatto; Bixa orellana; Cholesterol; Rat; Aqueous extract; Lipid profile.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132009000600008

Apoptosis and Histopathology of the Heart after Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion in Male Rat Running title: Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
Autores: Alihemmati,Alireza; Yousefi,Hadi; Ahmadiasl,Naser; Habibi,Parisa.
ABSTRACT Ischemia-reperfusion injury was seen in strokes, myocardial infarctions, acute kidney injury, mesenteric ischemia, liver and systemic shock. Renal ischemia-reperfusion is more importance in the setting of kidney transplantation that affects distant organs. In this study forty Male Albino Wistar rats (200-250g) were randomly divided in four group (n=10) including control, sham operation group, nephrectomy and IRI group. All rats anesthetized with intraperitoneal injection of ketamine (50 mg/kg) and xylazine (10 mg/kg) and maintained the core body temperature at approximately 37°C. For inducing IRI group, it was performed right nephrectomy, and in continuing, the left kidney pedicle occluded to 45 min via nontraumatic microvascular clamp for making...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Renal Ischemia-reperfusion injury; Glycogen accumulation; Apoptosis; Heart; Rat.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132017000100443

Effects of oral L-carnitine and DL-carnitine supplementation on alloxan-diabetic rats
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
Autores: Bazotte,Roberto Barbosa; Lopes-Bertolini,Gisele.
The effect of oral L-carnitine (LC) or DL-carnitine (DLC) supplementation during one or four weeks (200 or 400 mg.kg-1.day-1) in diabetic rats was investigated. After the supplementation period, the blood was collected for the evaluation of total (TC) and free L-carnitine (FC), glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triacylglycerol. Tissues were collected for the determination of TC and FC concentrations. The carnitine supplementation did not change levels of glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-C and LDL-C in the blood. Diabetic rats showed hypertriacylglycerolemia and decreased blood and tissue levels of FC and TC. Normalization of the blood triacylglycerol and increased blood...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Carnitine; Diabetes; Dietary supplementation; Lipids; Rat.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132012000100010

The effects of low level laser therapy on injured skeletal muscle
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
Autores: Renno,Ana Claudia Muniz; Assis,Lívia; Peres,Beatriz; Rodrigues,Natalia Camargo; Brunelli,Roberta de Matos; Toma,Renata Luri; Medalha,Carla Christina; Ribeiro,Daniel Araki.
The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) used in two different fluencies on injured skeletal muscle after cryolesion by means of histopathological analysis and immunohistochemistry for COX-2. A total of sixty male Wistar rats were randomly distributed into three groups: injured animals without any treatment; 808 nm laser treated group, at 10 J/cm² and 808 nm laser treated group, at 50 J/cm². Each group was divided into two different subgroups (n=10) on days 6 and 13 post-injury. The results showed that the animals irradiated with laser at 10 J/cm² or 50 J/cm² presented the areas with cell infiltrate and pointed out to minor and mild areas with destroyed zones compared with the control group....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Low level laser therapy; Rat; Muscle repair; COX-2.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132014000100008

Embryo development alteration in rats treated with lapachol
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
Autores: Maganha,Juliana; Rocha,Evelise de Souza; Brandão,Marcos Antônio Fernandes; Peters,Vera Maria; Guerra,Martha de Oliveira.
Lapachol, a naphthoquinone extracted from plants of the genus Tabebuia (family Bignoneaceae), showed multiple therapeutic activities. Pregnant Wistar rats were treated with Lapachol from the 1st to the 4th (pre-implantation period) and from 5th to 7th (implantation period) post insemination day (PID). Mothers were sacrificed on the 5th or on the15th PID. Number of corpora lutea, preimplantation embryo, blastocysts, live and dead fetuses and resorptions were counted. There were no signs of maternal toxicity. The number and the morphology of embryos, during oviduct development (pre-implantation period), did not seem to be affected by this drug, but during the implantation period, lapachol was toxic causing the death of embryos and intrauterine growth...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Lapachol; Embryo development; Rat; Reproductive toxicity.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132006000700010

Administration of venlafaxine after chronic methadone detoxification blocks post-depression relapse in rats
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
Autores: Fadaei-Kenarsary,Meysam; Moghaddam,Hadi Fathi; Mansouri,Seyyed Mohammad Taghi; Farbood,Yaghoob.
ABSTRACT Relapse is highly prevalent after detoxification and depression. Due to the advantages of venlafaxine compared with other antidepressants, it is expected that venlafaxine administration may reduce relapse after detoxification and depression. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of venlafaxine on depression-induced relapse to morphine dependence after methadone detoxification. Eighty Sprague-Dawley rats were habituated and conditioned with morphine (10 mg/kg, S.C., for 4 days). After that, primary forced swimming and conditioned place preference (CPP) were tested. They were followed by methadone (70 mg/kg/day, P.O., for 7 days) administration, extinguishing, forced swimming stress (FSS) and administration of venlafaxine (80 mg/kg/day, I.P., for...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Morphine; Methadone; Depression; Relapse; Venlafaxine; Rat.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132017000100311

Evaluation of cell proliferation and apoptosis in placentas of rats with severe diabetes
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
Autores: Rudge,Marilza Vieira Cunha; Costa,Elaine; Barbisan,Luis Fernando; Damasceno,Débora Cristina; Bueno,Aline; Saito,Felipe Hiroshi; Calderon,Iracema Mattos Paranhos; Rodrigues,Marcela Marcondes Pinto.
The aim of this work was to analyze the cell proliferation and apoptosis indexes on the 18th and 21st days of pregnancy of diabetic rats and to correlate with maternal glycemia and perinatal outcomes. Placentas from 20 Wistar rats were collected and divided into four experimental groups: control and diabetic of 18 and 21 days of pregnancy. The cell proliferation was analyzed using the PCNA expression and apoptosis by the TUNEL method. It was observed that PCNA and TUNEL indexes decreased from day 18 to 21 of pregnancy in the placentas of diabetic rats and these values were lower than control groups. Diabetic dams presented higher percentage of small for pregnancy age (SPA) fetuses. However, there was no difference between the PCNA and TUNEL indexes in SPA...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Diabetes; Cell proliferation; Apoptosis; Placenta; Rat; IUGR.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132012000200009

Hepatoprotective effects of Iranian Hypericum scabrum essential oils against oxidative stress induced by acetaminophen in rats
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
Autores: Dadkhah,Abolfazl; Fatemi,Faezeh; Farsani,Mohsen Eslami; Roshanaei,Kambiz; Alipour,Mahdi; Aligolzadeh,Hadi.
This studied examined the protective role of Hypericum scabrum oils (100 and 200 mg/kg b.w, i.p) on acetaminophen-induced liver damages in the rat. The hepatic oxidative/antioxidant parameters such as lipid peroxidation (LP), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) were measured 2, 4, 8, 16 and 24h after the treatments confirmed by histopathological consideration. The results indicated that increased levels of hepatic LP and FRAP and SOD activity were reversed in the rats treated with oils. In addition, the depleted GSH were compensated with the oil treatments. The protective effect of the oils was further confirmed by the histophatological examination carried out on liver biopsies. The...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Hypericum scabrum; Essential oils; Acetaminophen; Rat; Oxidative stress; Liver.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132014000300005

Moxidectin interference on motor activity of rats
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
Autores: Rodrigues-Alves,Patrícia de Sá e Benevides; Flório,Jorge Camilo; Lebrun,Ivo; Bernardi,Maria Martha; Spinosa,Helenice de Souza.
The present study investigated the effects of t moxidectin (MXD) in some parameters of rat motor function and neurochemical. The general activity in the open field and the motor coordination in the wooden beam were employed to evaluate the MXD effects. The results showed that, in the open field, even at high doses (2.0 and 20.0 mg/kg), the MXD did not alter the locomotion and the rearing frequencies. However, MXD was able to impair the motor coordination of the animals at wooden beam. Neurochemical studies of striatal GABA and dopamine neurotransmitters showed a reduced levels of dopamine and its metabolite, homovanillic acid, without interference on striatal GABA levels. Since GABAergic receptor stimulation had an inhibitory effect on dopaminergic...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Moxidectin; GABA; Motor coordination; Rat; Open field; Wooden beam.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132009000400012

Protective Effects of Geraniol on Long Term Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
Autores: Can,Senanur; Canbek,Mediha.
Abstract Possible protective effects of geraniol, known as antioxidant properties, were analyzed biochemically and histologically on experimental long-term renal ischemia/reperfusion I/R injury in rats. This study used 3-4 months old male Wistar albino rats and were divided into 4 groups (n = 7) by random selection: Group I (Sham Group), Group II (I/R+SF), Group III (I/R+50 mg/kg geraniol), and Group IV (I/R+100 mg/kg geraniol). A right nephrectomy was performed in all groups under anesthesia. Groups I and II were inoculated with SF (1 ml/kg) and Groups III and IV were inoculated with 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg of geraniol, injected intraperitoneally. For Groups II, III, and IV, I/R durations were determined to be 60 mins ischemia and 24 hours reperfusion. At...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ischemia; Reperfusion; Geraniol; Antioxidant; Protective effects; Rat.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132019000100314

Protective Effect of Carvacrol Against Oxidative Stress and Heart Injury in Cyclophosphamide-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rat
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
Autores: Cetik,Songul; Ayhanci,Adnan; Sahinturk,Varol.
Possible protective effects of carvacrol (Car) against cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced cardiotoxicity was examined in this study. Experimental groups of the rats were randomly divided into 13 groups,each including seven animals: Group 1 (control) treated with saline; groups 2, 3, and 4 treated with 50, 100, or 150 mg/kg of CP, respectively; group 5 treated with 0.5 mL olive oil; groups 6 and 7 treated with 5.0 and 10 mg/kg of Car, respectively; groups 8, 9, or 10 treated with respective CP plus 5.0 mg/kg of Car; and groups 11, 12, or 13 treated with respective CP plus 10 mg/kg of Car. Serum alanine transaminase (ALT),aspartat transaminase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA),creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), total oxidant state (TOS),...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cyclophosphamide; Oxidative stress; Cardiotoxicity; Carvacrol; Antioxidant; Rat.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132015000400569

Neonatally induced diabetes: liver glycogen storage in pregnant rats
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
Autores: Iessi,Isabela Lovizutto; Bueno,Aline; Sinzato,Yuri Karen; Spada,Ana Paula Machado; Rudge,Marilza Vieira Cunha; Heubel,Maricê Thereza Correa Domingues; Damasceno,Débora Cristina.
The aim of this sstudy was to evaluate the liver glycogen storage in pregnant rats presenting neonatal streptozotocin-induced diabetes and to establish a relation with glycemia and insulin levels. Wistar rats were divided in to two groups: 1) Mild Diabetes (STZ) - received streptozotocin (glycemia from 120 to 300 mg/dL), 2) Control - received vehicle (glycemia below 120 mg/dL). At days 0, 7, 14 and 21 of the pregnancy, body weight and glycemia were evaluated. At day 21 of the pregnancy, the rats were anesthetized for blood and liver collection so as to determine insulin and liver glycogen, which showed no changes in the STZ group as compared to the controls. In the STZ group, maternal weight gain were lower as compared to those in the control group....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Pregnancy; Rat; Hyperglycemia; Glycogen storage liver; Mild diabetes; Hyperglycemia.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132012000200010

Preventive Effects of Ellagic Acid on Nucleus Tractus Solitarius Electrical Activity and Oxidative Stress Altered by Cerebral Global Ischemia/Reperfusion in Rat
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
Autores: Nejad,Khojasteh Hoseiny; Sarkaki,Alireza; Dianat,Mahin; Farbood,Yaghoob; Badavi,Mohammad; Gharib-Naseri,Mohammad Kazem.
ABSTRACT Cerebral ischemia commonly occurs when the blood flow to the entire brain or some part of the brain is disrupted. Global cerebral ischemia attenuates the nucleus tractus solitaries (NTS) EEG rhythm, increases the free radicals production and brain inflammation. Ellagic acid (EA) has antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects against neural damages. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of ellagic acid on EEG power in the global cerebral ischemia.Rats were divided into four groups: SO (sham) received normal saline, EA+SO, I/R (normal saline + ischemia/reperfusion), and EA + I/R. EA (100 mg/kg, dissolved in normal saline) or normal saline was administered orally (gavage) for 10 days. Animal underwent to 20 minutes of ischemia followed by...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ellagic acid; EEG; Antioxidant; Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion; Rat.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132017000100446

Effect of indomethacin on the pregnant rat
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
Autores: Damasceno,Débora Cristina; Volpato,Gustavo Tadeu; Ferrari,Cássio; Roldan,Luciana B.; Souza,Maricelma da Silva Soares.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the reproductive performance, liver morphological study and post mortem characteristics of the pregnant Wistar rats treated with indomethacin, a general COX inhibitor. Indomethacin at doses of 0 (control), 0.32, 1.68 and 8.40 mg/kg/day were orally given once daily to each group (n=10) on days 3 and 4 of pregnancy (day 0 = first day of pregnancy = positive vaginal sperm). The animals were euthanized under anesthesia on day 11 of pregnancy, and were carried out necropsy and microorganism culture study. The results showed that the doses of 0.32 and 1.68 mg/kg body weight (the therapeutic dose for humans) of indomethacin caused no embryotoxic or lethal effects. The highest dose (8.40 mg/kg) of indomethacin disturbed...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Indomethacin; COX; Pregnancy; Rat; Implantation.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132008000100010

Effects of static magnetic field exposure on hematological and biochemical parameters in rats
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
Autores: Amara,Salem; Abdelmelek,Hafedh; Salem,Mohamed Ben; Abidi,Rached; Sakly,Mohsen.
The present work was undertaken in order to investigate the effects of static magnetic field (SMF) on growth rates, hematopoiesis, plasmatic proteins levels, glucose concentration, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and transaminases activities in male rats. Sub-acute exposure of rats during 5 consecutive days to SMF (1h/day at 128mT) induced an increase of plasma LDH activity (+38%, p&lt;0.05), and glucose concentration (+31%, p&lt;0.05), whereas haematological parameters, protein levels, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities remained unchanged. SMF exposure of rats during 30 consecutive days (1hour/day at 128mT) decreased significantly growth rates by the second week and increased significantly the plasmatic total...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Static Magnetic Field; Transaminases; Haematopoiesis; Glucose; Rat.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132006000700005

Effect of oral supplementation of the linoleic and gammalinolenic acids on the diabetic pregnant rats
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
Autores: Consonni,Marcos; Damasceno,Débora Cristina; Kempinas,Wilma De Grava; Nassr,Azize Cristina Capelli; Volpato,Gustavo Tadeu; Dallaqua,Bruna; Iessi,Isabela Lovizutto; Saito,Felipe Hiroshi; Calderon,Iracema Mattos Paranhos; Rudge,Marilza Vieira Cunha.
The aim of this work was to evaluate the direct protective action of oral fatty acid supplementation against the deleterious effect of hyperglycemia on maternal reproductive outcomes; fetal growth and development on female Wistar rats. The animals were distributed into four experimental groups: G1= non-diabetic without supplementation (Control group); G2= non-diabetic treated with linoleic (LA) and gammalinolenic acid (GLA) (1 mL of Gamaline-V/day); G3= diabetic without supplementation and G4= diabetic treated with LA and GLA. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (40 mg/kg). At day 21 of pregnancy, the gravid uterus was weighed and dissected to count the dead and live fetuses, resorption, implantation, and corpora lutea numbers. The fetuses were analyzed...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Diabetes; Rat; Pregnancy; Anomalies; Fatty acid supplementation; Gamaline-V.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132012000500008

Comparison of therapeutic effects of L-Thyroxin, apelin and a combination of both on antioxidant enzymes in the heart of PTU-induced hypothyroid rats
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
Autores: Shahrivar,Farzaneh Faraji; Badavi,Mohammad; Dianat,Mahin; Mard,Ali; Ahangarpour,Akram; Hedayati,Mehdi; Samarbaf-zadeh,Alireza.
Atherosclerosis is one of the common disorders among hypothyroidism, which, increased the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Reactive oxygen species are associated with atherosclerosis development. Antioxidant defense systems are the scavenger for free radicals. Apelin is an endogenous ligand for the APJ receptor (apelin receptor) that exists in most tissues, acts as an adiponectin. It has been identified that apelin administration, improve the antioxidant capacity (TAC). Therefore, this study was conducted to assess, therapeutic effects of apelin, T4 (L-Thyroxin) or both on antioxidant capacity in 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU)-induced hypothyroid rats. Forty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into five groups: C: control group; P group (hypothyroid): PTU...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Apelin; Antioxidative; Hypothyroid; Rat; Thyroxin.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132016000100308

Polycystic ovarian syndrome: temporal characterization of the induction and reversion process in an experimental model
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Jounarl of Veterinary
Autores: Salvetti,Natalia R.; Canal,Ana M.; Gimeno,Eduardo J.; Ortega,Hugo H.
Numerous experimental models have been developed for the study of the polycystic ovarian syndrome in the rat. In the present study, the syndrome was induced by exposure to constant light. The process was evaluated during its induction and also during its reversion. The estral cycle was analyzed through the vaginal cytology; reproductive parameters were evaluated by mating, as well as the ovarian morphology. All the animals developed the syndrome after 13 weeks of permanent light. The histologic characteristics of the ovaries, at week 15, were similar to those observed in the polycystic ovarian syndrome in human and other species. After regression of the syndrome, there was not difference in any of the evaluated reproductive parameters, when compared with...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Histopathology; Ovary; PCOD; Polycystic ovarian syndrome; Rat.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-95962004000600006

Sensory nerve endings in the rat cheek mucosa: an electron microscopic study
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Jounarl of Veterinary
Autores: Watanabe,Ii-sei; Silva,Marcelo Cavenaghi Pereira da; Kronka,Marcia Consentino.
The sensory nerve endings of the rat cheek mucosa were studied using the transmission electron microscopy. The specimens were fixed in modified Karnovsky solution and embedded in Epon resin. The sensory nerve endings showed a central terminal axon containing numerous mitochondria, neurofilaments, microtubules and clear vesicles. The proximal part of corpuscle revealed the cytoplasmic extensions of lamellar cells and the perineural cells. The fine bundles of collagen fibers are identified in the interlamellar spaces and the external part of corpuscle. Numerous concentric lamellae showed caveolae, interlamelar spaces filled with amorphous material, desmosome-type junctions between adjacent lamellae and the inner lamellar cells and the axoplasmic membrane....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Nerve endings; Lamellated corpuscle; Cheek mucosa; Transmission electron microscopy; Rat.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-95962002000500001

The carcinogenic potential of cadmium in the palatal and gingival epithelium of rats: a morphologic and morphometric analysis
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Jounarl of Veterinary
Autores: Motta,Ana Carolina Fragoso; Migliari,Dante Antonio; Gioso,Marco Antonio; Komesu,Marilena Chinali; Sala,Miguel Angel; Lopes,Ruberval Armando.
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that exerts a variety of toxic effects, chronic and acute, in exposed organisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the carcinogenic potential of Cd in the palatal and gingival epithelium of Wistar rats. Two groups of animals were studied: group 1 consisted of 5 rats exposed to cadmium chloride (CdCl2) in drinking water (300 mg/L) for 6 months; group 2 also consisted of 5 rats placed in the same conditions as those of group 1, but kept free of Cd for 6 additional months. Two other groups (C1 and C2) with the same number of animals, but not exposed to CdCl2, were used as a control for groups 1 and 2, respectively. All animals were weighed before and after the experimental period. After animals being killed, tissues of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cadmium chloride; Ooral cancer; Carcinogenesis; Rat.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-95962004000300006

Toxicology of Lapachol in rats: embryolethality
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Biology
Autores: GUERRA,M. de O.; MAZONI,A. S. B.; BRANDÃO,M. A. F.; PETERS,V. M.
Lapachol is a naphtoquinone with therapeutic potential against enterovirus, Chagas disease and is also used as an antimalarial and antiinflamatory agent. In order to study teratogenic potential of Lapachol, pregnant Wistar rats were treated with 0.5 ml of distilled water (control group); 0.5 ml of hydroalcoholic solution (vehicle group) and 10 mg of Lapachol in 0.5 ml of hydroalcoholic solution (treated group) by oral gavage from the 8th to the 12th day of pregnancy. The following variables were observed: maternal body weight on days 1, 6, l5 and 21 and food intake on days 2, 6, 15 and 21 of pregnancy. The number of live and dead fetuses and the sites of resorptions were counted. The ovaries were weighed and the corpora lutea were counted. Data were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Lapachol; Embryotoxicity; Rat.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-71082001000100021

Influence of the pineal gland on the physiology, morphometry and morphology of pancreatic islets in rats
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Biology
Autores: LIMA,L. M. B. de; REIS,L. C. dos; LIMA,M. A. de.
To investigate the influence of the pineal gland through melatonin secretion on the physiological and morphological parameters of pancreatic islets, we studied the plasma biochemistry and morphological and morphometric characteristics of the endocrine pancreas of male Wistar rats. The animals were distributed into five groups of ten rats each: NC - normal control group; NS - sham-operated group; Px (25) - pinealectomised group, studied 15-25 days after surgery; Px (70) - pinealectomised group, studied 60-70 days after surgery; ALX - alloxan monohydrate-treated group. Data are analyzed statistically by ANOVA and by the Kruskal-Wallis test. Although there was no significant difference in plasma glucose or insulin levels between the Px (25), Px (70) and NC...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Pinealectomy; Melatonin; Pancreatic islet; Rat; Morphology.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-71082001000200018

Effect of different durations of overdistention on rat bladder function and morphology
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Jin,Xiao-Dong; Cao,Min; Zhou,Xie-Lai; Yin,Hong-Ping; Chen,Zhao-Dian; Xu,Ning; Jiang,Hai.
We investigated the contribution of the duration of overdistention (DOD) to rat bladder function and morphology and explored its possible molecular mechanisms. Bladder overdistention was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250 g) by an infusion of saline. Forty rats were divided into 5 groups submitted to different DOD, i.e., 1, 2, 4, and 8 h, and control. Bladder function was evaluated by cystometry. Morphological changes were observed by light and transmission electron microscopy. Compared to control (44.567 ± 3.472 cmH2O), the maximum detrusor pressure of groups with 2-, 4- and 8-h DOD decreased significantly (means ± SEM): 32.774 ± 3.726, 31.321 ± 2.847, and 29.238 ± 3.724 cmH2O. With the increase of DOD, inflammatory infiltration and impairment...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Acute urinary retention; Bladder overdistention; Urodynamics; Ultrastructure; Apoptosis; Rat.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2012001000006

Effects of ethanol intake on retinol concentration in the milk of lactating rats
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Albuquerque,K.T.; Ramalho,R.A.; Soares,A.G.; Tavares-do-Carmo,M.G.
The effect of the consumption of ethanol (5%) on retinol concentration in milk was studied in the rat on day 12 after delivery, together with the evolution of dam body weight and pup growth rate. Female Wistar rats receiving alcohol (5%) in drinking water during lactation (N = 7) were compared to normal controls fed ad libitum (N = 6). The mean maternal alcohol intake was 3.96 ± 0.23 g/kg body weight per day. To determine retinol levels in milk we used the Bessey and Lowry method, modified by Araújo and Flores ((1978) Clinical Chemistry, 24: 386-392). The pups were separated from dams for a 2-4-h period, after which the dams were injected intraperitoneally with anesthetic and oxytocin. The concentration of retinol in milk was 162.88 ± 10.60 µg/dl in the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Lactation; Ethanol; Retinol; Milk; Rat.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1998000700007

The elevated gradient of aversion: a new apparatus to study the rat behavior dimensions of anxiety, fear, and impulsivity
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Rico,J.L.; Bonuti,R.; Morato,S.
Few behavioral tests allow measuring several characteristics and most require training, complex analyses, and/or are time-consuming. We present an apparatus based on rat exploratory behavior. Composed of three different environments, it allows the assessment of more than one behavioral characteristic in a short 3-min session. Factorial analyses have defined three behavioral dimensions, which we named Exploration, Impulsivity, and Self-protection. Behaviors composing the Exploration factor were increased by chlordiazepoxide and apomorphine and decreased by pentylenetetrazole. Behaviors composing the Impulsivity factor were increased by chlordiazepoxide, apomorphine, and both acute and chronic imipramine treatments. Behaviors composing the Self-protection...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Anxiety; Exploratory behavior; Impulsivity; Rat; Fear; Self-protection.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2019001100601

Determination of anaerobic threshold in rats using the lactate minimum test
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Voltarelli,F.A.; Gobatto,C.A.; Mello,M.A.R. de.
The break point of the curve of blood lactate vs exercise load has been called anaerobic threshold (AT) and is considered to be an important indicator of endurance exercise capacity in human subjects. There are few studies of AT determination in animals. We describe a protocol for AT determination by the "lactate minimum test" in rats during swimming exercise. The test is based on the premise that during an incremental exercise test, and after a bout of maximal exercise, blood lactate decreases to a minimum and then increases again. This minimum value indicates the intensity of the AT. Adult male (90 days) Wistar rats adapted to swimming for 2 weeks were used. The initial state of lactic acidosis was obtained by making the animals jump into the water and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Rat; Blood lactate; Lactate minimum test; Maximal lactate steady state.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2002001100018

Routine post-weaning handling of rats prevents isolation rearing-induced deficit in prepulse inhibition
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Rosa,M.L.N.M.; Silva,R.C.B.; Moura-de-Carvalho,F.T.; Brandão,M.L.; Guimarães,F.S.; Del Bel,E.A.
Rats reared under isolation conditions from weaning present a number of behavioral changes compared to animals reared under social conditions (group housing). These changes include deficits in prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle reflex to a loud sound. PPI refers to the reduction of the magnitude of the startle reflex when a relatively weak stimulus (the prepulse) precedes by an appropriate time interval the intense startle-elicing stimulus (the pulse). PPI is useful for studying sensorimotor integration. The present study evaluated the effect of handling on the impairment of PPI induced by isolation-rearing. Male Wistar rats (N = 11-15/group) were housed in groups (5 per cage and handled three times a week) or isolated (housed individually) since...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Stress; Rat; Schizophrenia; Social isolation; Prepulse inhibition; Locomotor activity.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2005001100018

Alcohol dependence induced in rats by semivoluntary intermittent intake
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Macieira,M.S.; Almeida,W.G.; Silva,E.A.; Schenberg,L.C.; Nakamura-Palacios,E.M.
The objective of the present experiment was to assess ethyl alcohol (ETOH) dependence brought about by a semivoluntary intermittent intake regimen in rats. Male Wistar rats weighing 150-250 g at the onset of the experiment were assigned to the following groups: 0% ETOH (N = 11), 5% ETOH (N = 20), 20% ETOH (N = 20) and 40% ETOH (N = 18). ETOH solutions were offered at the end of the day and overnight from Monday to Friday, and throughout weekends, for 90 days. The concentration of the ETOH solutions was increased in a stepwise fashion allowing the rats to get used to the taste of alcohol. Reposition of pure water was permitted during 1-h water drinking periods in the morning. Daily volume intake (± SEM) averaged 25.4 ± 0.4 ml (0% ETOH), 23.8 ± 0.6 ml (5%...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ethanol; Alcohol; Drug dependence; Rat.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1997000900009

Importance of SERCA2a on early isolated diastolic dysfunction induced by supravalvular aortic stenosis in rats
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Silveira,C.F.S.M.P.; Campos,D.H.S.; Freire,P.P.; Deus,A.F.; Okoshi,K.; Padovani,C.R.; Cicogna,A.C.
Cardiac remodeling is defined as changes in shape and function of the heart in response to aggression (pressure overload). The sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase cardiac isoform 2a (SERCA2a) is a known factor that influences function. A wide spectrum of studies report a decrease in SERCA2a in heart failure, but none evaluate it's the role in early isolated diastolic dysfunction in supravalvular aortic stenosis (AoS). Our hypothesis was that SERCA2a participates in such dysfunction. Thirty-day-old male Wistar rats (60-80 g) were divided into AoS and Sham groups, which were submitted to surgery with or without aorta clipping, respectively. After 6 weeks, the animals were submitted to echocardiogram and functional analysis by isolated papillary muscle...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report
Palavras-chave: Papillary muscle; Echocardiogram; Cyclopiazonic acid; Rat; Isolated diastolic dysfunction; SERCA.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2017000500605

Fertility of male adult rats submitted to forced swimming stress
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Mingoti,G.Z.; Pereira,R.N.; Monteiro,C.M.R.
We investigated whether stress interferes with fertility during adulthood. Male Wistar rats (weighing 220 g in the beginning of the experiment) were forced to swim for 3 min in water at 32ºC daily for 15 days. Stress was assessed by the hot-plate test after the last stressing session. To assess fertility, control and stressed males (N = 15 per group) were mated with sexually mature normal females. Males were sacrificed after copulation. Stress caused by forced swimming was demonstrated by a significant increase in the latency of the pain response in the hot-plate test (14.6 ± 1.25 s for control males vs 26.0 ± 1.53 s for stressed males, P = 0.0004). No changes were observed in body weight, testicular weight, seminal vesicle weight, ventral prostate weight...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Forced swimming stress; Male; Fertility; Rat; Spermatogonia.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2003000500016

Mineralocorticoid modulation of central angiotensin-induced neuronal activity, water intake and sodium appetite
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Thornton,S.N.; Omouessi,S.T.; Falconetti,C.
Central angiotensin II (AngII) stimulates water and salt solution intake. Pretreatment with low-dose mineralocorticoid (DOCA) enhances this AngII-induced intake of salt solutions (the synergy theory) in Wistar and Sprague Dawley rats but not in Fischer rats. This response is mediated via the AT-1 receptor. Electrophysiological experiments using iontophoretic application of AngII and the AT-1 receptor-specific non-peptide antagonist losartan showed excitation of neurons in the preoptic/medial septum region of urethane-anesthetized male Wistar rats. DOCA pretreatment further enhances this neuronal excitation in response to AngII and reduces the responses to losartan. This generated the hypothesis that DOCA-enhanced AngII-induced neuronal excitation is the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Aldosterone; Rat; AT-1; AT-2; Iontophoresis.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2007000500014

Effect of 17ß-estradiol or alendronate on the bone densitometry, bone histomorphometry and bone metabolism of ovariectomized rats
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: da Paz,L.H.B.C.; de Falco,V.; Teng,N.C.; dos Reis,L.M.; Pereira,R.M.R.; Jorgetti,V.
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of 17ß-estradiol or alendronate in preventing bone loss in 3-month-old ovariectomized Wistar rats. One group underwent sham ovariectomy (control, N = 10), and the remaining three underwent double ovariectomy. One ovariectomized group did not receive any treatment (OVX, N = 12). A second received subcutaneous 17ß-estradiol at a dose of 30 µg/kg for 6 weeks (OVX-E, N = 11) and a third, subcutaneous alendronate at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg for 6 weeks (OVX-A, N = 8). Histomorphometry, densitometry, osteocalcin and deoxypyridinoline measurements were applied to all groups. After 6 weeks there was a significant decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) at the trabecular site (distal femur) in OVX rats. Both...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Rat; 17ß-estradiol; Alendronate; Densitometry; Histomorphometry.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2001000800007

Effects of eugenol on resting tension of rat atria
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Olivoto,R.R.; Damiani,C.E.N.; Kassouf Silva,I.; Lofrano-Alves,M.S.; Oliveira,M.A.; Fogaça,R.T.H.
In cardiac and skeletal muscle, eugenol (μM range) blocks excitation-contraction coupling. In skeletal muscle, however, larger doses of eugenol (mM range) induce calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The effects of eugenol are therefore dependent on its concentration. In this study, we evaluated the effects of eugenol on the contractility of isolated, quiescent atrial trabeculae from male Wistar rats (250-300 g; n=131) and measured atrial ATP content. Eugenol (1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 mM) increased resting tension in a dose-dependent manner. Ryanodine [100 µM; a specific ryanodine receptor (RyR) blocker] and procaine (30 mM; a nonspecific RyR blocker) did not block the increased resting tension induced by eugenol regardless of whether extracellular...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Eugenol; Atrial trabeculae; Resting tension; Ryanodine; Rat; ATP.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2014000400328

Swimming training attenuates oxidative damage and increases enzymatic but not non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses in the rat brain
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Nonato,L.F.; Rocha-Vieira,E.; Tossige-Gomes,R.; Soares,A.A.; Soares,B.A.; Freitas,D.A.; Oliveira,M.X.; Mendonça,V.A.; Lacerda,A.C.; Massensini,A.R.; Leite,H.R.
Although it is well known that physical training ameliorates brain oxidative function after injuries by enhancing the levels of neurotrophic factors and oxidative status, there is little evidence addressing the influence of exercise training itself on brain oxidative damage and data is conflicting. This study investigated the effect of well-established swimming training protocol on lipid peroxidation and components of antioxidant system in the rat brain. Male Wistar rats were randomized into trained (5 days/week, 8 weeks, 30 min; n=8) and non-trained (n=7) groups. Forty-eight hours after the last session of exercise, animals were euthanized and the brain was collected for oxidative stress analysis. Swimming training decreased thiobarbituric acid reactive...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Exercise therapy; Oxidative stress; Rat; Lipid peroxidation; Superoxide dismutase; Swimming training.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2016001000605

Co-transfection of hepatocyte growth factor and truncated TGF-β type II receptor inhibit scar formation
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Xu,Ji-Hua; Zhao,Wan-Yi; Fang,Qing-Qing; Wang,Xiao-Feng; Zhang,Ding-Ding; Hu,Yan-Yan; Zheng,Bin; Tan,Wei-Qiang.
Wound scarring remains a major challenge for plastic surgeons. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β plays a key role in the process of scar formation. Previous studies have demonstrated that truncated TGF-β type II receptor (t-TGF-βRII) is unable to continue signal transduction but is still capable of binding to TGF-β, thereby blocking the TGF-β signaling pathway. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a multifunctional growth factor that promotes tissue regeneration and wound healing. Theoretically, the combination of HGF and t-TGF-βRII would be expected to exert a synergistic effect on promoting wound healing and reducing collagen formation. In the present study, lentivirus-mediated transfection of the two genes (t-TGF-βRII/HGF) into fibroblasts in vitro and in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Wound healing; Truncated transforming growth factor-β type II receptor; Hepatocyte growth factor; Scar; Rat; Lentivirus.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2020000100611

Effects of elevated calcium on motor and exploratory activities of rats
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Godinho,A.F.; Trombini,T.V.; Oliveira,E.C.
The effects of serum and brain calcium concentration on rat behavior were tested by maintaining animals on either distilled water (N = 60) or water containing 1% calcium gluconate (N = 60) for 3 days. Animals that were maintained on high calcium drinking water presented increased serum calcium levels (control = 10.12 ± 0.46 vs calcium treated = 11.62 ± 0.51 µg/dl). Increase of brain calcium levels was not statistically significant. In the behavioral experiments each rat was used for only one test. Rats that were maintained on high calcium drinking water showed increased open-field behavior of ambulation (20.68%) and rearing (64.57%). On the hole-board, calcium-supplemented animals showed increased head-dip (67%) and head-dipping (126%), suggesting...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Calcium supplementation; Behavior; Rat; Motor activity; Exploratory activity.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2002000400007

Fighting by sleep-deprived rats as a possible manifestation of panic: effects of sodium lactate
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Furlan,F.A.; Hoshino,K.
Increased fighting is an effect of desynchronized sleep deprivation (DSD) in rats, and recently this behavior has been suggested to be spontaneous panic and equivalent to panic disorder. In the present study we tested this hypothesis by evaluating the effect of sodium lactate on this aggressiveness, because this substance is recognized to induce spontaneous panic attacks in patients. A total of 186 male albino Wistar rats, 250-350 g, 90-120 days of age, were submitted to DSD (multiple platform method) for 0, 4, or 5 days. At the end of the deprivation period the rats were divided into subgroups respectively injected intraperitoneally with 1.86, 2.98 and 3.72 g/kg of 1 M sodium lactate, or 1.86 and 3.72 g/kg of 2 M sodium lactate. The control animals were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Rat; Sleep deprivation; Panic; Aggressiveness; Sodium lactate.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2001000300010

Effect of L-arginine, dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) and the association of L-arginine and DMSA on tissue lead mobilization and blood pressure level in plumbism
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Malvezzi,C.K.; Moreira,E.G.; Vassilieff,I.; Vassilieff,V.S.; Cordellini,S.
Lead (Pb)-induced hypertension is characterized by an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a decrease in nitric oxide (NO). In the present study we evaluated the effect of L-arginine (NO precursor), dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA, a chelating agent and ROS scavenger), and the association of L-arginine/DMSA on tissue Pb mobilization and blood pressure levels in plumbism. Tissue Pb levels and blood pressure evolution were evaluated in rats exposed to: 1) Pb (750 ppm, in drinking water, for 70 days), 2) Pb plus water for 30 more days, 3) Pb plus DMSA (50 mg kg-1 day-1, po), L-arginine (0.6%, in drinking water), and the combination of L-arginine/DMSA for 30 more days, and 4) their respective matching controls. Pb exposure increased Pb levels in the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: L-arginine; DMSA; Tissue lead mobilization; Plumbism; Blood pressure; Rat.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2001001000016

Biomechanics and structural adaptations of the rat femur after hindlimb suspension and treadmill running
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Shimano,M.M.; Volpon,J.B.
We microscopically and mechanically evaluated the femurs of rats subjected to hindlimb unloading (tail suspension) followed by treadmill training. Female Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups containing 12-14 rats: control I (118 days old), control II (139 days old), suspended (tail suspension for 28 days), suspended-released (released for 21 days after 28 days of suspension), and suspended-trained (trained for 21 days after 28 days of suspension). We measured bone resistance by bending-compression mechanical tests of the entire proximal half of the femur and three-point bending tests of diaphyseal cortical bone. We determined bone microstructure by tetracycline labeling of trabecular and cortical bone. We found that tail suspension weakened...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Hindlimb suspension; Exercise; Biomechanics; Femur; Rat.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2009000400004

Paradoxical sleep deprivation increases plasma endothelin levels
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Palma,B.D.; Gabriel Jr.,A.; Bignotto,M.; Tufik,S.
The endothelins (ET-1, 2 and 3) constitute a family of 21 amino acid peptides with potent biological activities. ET-1 is one of the most potent endogenous vasoconstrictors so far identified and its increased concentration in plasma appears to be closely related to the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension as well as to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). OSA patients exhibit repetitive episodes of apnea and hypopnea that result in hypoxia and consecutive arousals. These patients are chronically sleep deprived, which may aggravate the hypertensive features, since literature data show that sleep deprivation results in hypertension both in humans and in animals. Based on the reported relationship between ET-1, hypertension and sleep deprivation consequences, the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Endothelin; Sleep deprivation; Rat; Hypertension.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2002000100011

An experimental model for the measurement of renal function after temporary ureteral obstruction in the rat
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
We present the results obtained with a ureterovesical implant after ipsilateral ureteral obstruction in the rat, suitable for the study of renal function after deobstruction in these animals. Thirty-seven male Wistar rats weighing 260 to 300 g were submitted to distal right ureteral ligation and divided into 3 groups, A (N = 13, 1 week of obstruction), B (N = 14, 2 weeks of obstruction) and C (N = 10, 3 weeks of obstruction). The animals were then submitted to ureterovesical implantation on the right side and nephrectomy on the left side. During the 4-week follow-up period serum levels of urea and creatinine were measured on the 2nd, 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day and compared with preoperative levels. The ureterovesical implantation included a psoas hitch...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Kidney function; Rat; Ureteral obstruction.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1997000700006

Effect of the acupoints ST-36 (Zusanli) and SP-6 (Sanyinjiao) on intestinal myoelectric activity of Wistar rats
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Tabosa,A.; Yamamura,Y.; Forno,E.R.; Mello,L.E.A.M.
Despite its ancient use as a therapeutic tool to treat several ailments, acupuncture still faces the challenge of scrutiny by Western science both in terms of its efficacy and in terms of the characterization of its effects and mechanisms of actions underlying these effects. We investigated under well-controlled and carefully characterized conditions the influence of electrical stimulation of acupuncture points ST-36 (Zusanli) and SP-6 (Sanyinjiao) on the myoelectric activity of the small intestine of 38 adult male Wistar rats. Electrical recordings obtained by means of four electrodes chronically implanted in the small intestine were used to assess the effects of acupuncture (electroacupuncture stimulation set at 2 Hz, intermittent stimulation, 1 V, for...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Acupuncture; Intestinal motility; Rat; Myoelectric activity; Acupuncture point.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2002000600015

Differential patterns of myosin Va expression during the ontogenesis of the rat hippocampus
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Brinn,L.S.; Pereira Leite,J.; Larson,R.E.; Martins,A.R.
Myosin Va is an actin-based, processive molecular motor protein highly enriched in the nervous tissue of vertebrates. It has been associated with processes of cellular motility, which include organelle transport and neurite outgrowth. The in vivo expression of myosin Va protein in the developing nervous system of mammals has not yet been reported. We describe here the immunolocalization of myosin Va in the developing rat hippocampus. Coronal sections of the embryonic and postnatal rat hippocampus were probed with an affinity-purified, polyclonal anti-myosin Va antibody. Myosin Va was localized in the cytoplasm of granule cells in the dentate gyrus and of pyramidal cells in Ammon's horn formation. Myosin Va expression changed during development, being...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Myosin Va; Growth and development; Central nervous system; Hippocampus; Rat; Immunohistochemistry.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2010000900012

Effects of prenatal exposure to a mild chronic variable stress on body weight, preweaning mortality and rat behavior
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Cabrera,R.J.; Rodríguez-Echandía,E.L.; Jatuff,A.S.G.; Fóscolo,M.
Early stimulation has been shown to produce long-lasting effects in many species. Prenatal exposure to some strong stressors may affect development of the nervous system leading to behavioral impairment in adult life. The purpose of the present work was to study the postnatal harmful effects of exposure to variable mild stresses in rats during pregnancy. Female Holtzman rats were submitted daily to one session of a chronic variable stress (CVS) during pregnancy (prenatal stress; PS group). Control pregnant rats (C group) were undisturbed. The pups of PS and C dams were weighed and separated into two groups 48 h after delivery. One group was maintained with their own dams (PS group, N = 70; C group, N = 36) while the other PS pups were cross-fostered with C...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Prenatal stress; Chronic stress; Body weight; Behavior; Mortality; Rat.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1999001000009

Respiratory mechanics and morphometric changes during anesthesia with ketamine in normal rats
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Alves-Neto,O.; Tavares,P.; Rocco,P.R.M.; Zin,W.A.
Ketamine is believed to reduce airway and pulmonary tissue resistance. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of ketamine on the resistive, elastic and viscoelastic/inhomogeneous mechanical properties of the respiratory system, lungs and chest wall, and to relate the mechanical data to findings from histological lung analysis in normal animals. Fifteen adult male Wistar rats were assigned randomly to two groups: control (N = 7) and ketamine (N = 8). All animals were sedated (diazepam, 5 mg, ip) and anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium (20 mg/kg, ip) or ketamine (30 mg/kg, ip). The rats were paralyzed and ventilated mechanically. Ketamine increased lung viscoelastic/inhomogeneous pressure (26%) compared to the control group. Dynamic and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ketamine; Elastance; Lung tissue; Resistive pressure; Viscoelasticity; Rat.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2001000900016

Respiratory effects of kynurenic acid microinjected into the ventromedullary surface of the rat
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Tolentino-Silva,F.P.; Russo,A.K.; Cravo,S.L.; Lopes,O.U.
Several studies demonstrate that, within the ventral medullary surface (VMS), excitatory amino acids are necessary components of the neural circuits involved in the tonic and reflex control of respiration and circulation. In the present study we investigated the cardiorespiratory effects of unilateral microinjections of the broad spectrum glutamate antagonist kynurenic acid (2 nmol/200 nl) along the VMS of urethane-anesthetized rats. Within the VMS only one region was responsive to this drug. This area includes most of the intermediate respiratory area, partially overlapping the rostral ventrolateral medulla (IA/RVL). When microinjected into the IA/RVL, kynurenic acid produced a respiratory depression, without changes in mean arterial pressure or heart...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Ventral surface of the medulla; Breathing pattern; Cardiorespiratory control; Kynurenic acid; Rat.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1998001000016

Pituitary-thyroid axis in short- and long-term experimental diabetes mellitus
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Short-term experimental diabetes mellitus (DM) produces a significant decrease in serum thyroid hormones, a decreased or normal serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and a reduction in hepatic and renal T4-5'-deiodination. However, little is known about the effects of chronic diabetes mellitus on the pituitary-thyroid axis function. We evaluated the changes induced by very short-term (6 days), short-term (15 days) and chronic (6 months) streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus in 3-month old female Dutch-Miranda rat serum T4, serum TSH and T4-5'-deiodinase activity in the thyroid and pituitary glands. Serum hormones were determined by specific radioimmunoassays. Iodothyronine-5'-deiodinase activities were assayed in the thyroid and pituitary microsomal...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Thyroid; Pituitary; Diabetes mellitus; T4-5'-deiodinase; Serum T4; Serum TSH; Rat; Streptozotocin.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1997000200017

Biodistribution of 99m technetium- labeled creatinine in healthy rats
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Yilmaz,O.; Yurt Lambrecht,F.; Soylu,A.; Durkan,K.; Kavukcu,S.
The distribution of creatinine, one of the toxic guanidine compounds, in various tissues has not been studied in detail by using radiolabeled creatinine. Our objective was to investigate the biodistribution of creatinine labeled with 99m technetium (99mTc) by the stannous (II) chloride method in healthy male Wistar rats. Quality controls were carried out by radio thin layer chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, and paper electrophoresis. The labeling yield was 85 ± 2% under optimum conditions (pH 7 and 100 µg stannous chloride). Rats (N = 12) were injected intravenously with 99mTc-creatinine and their blood and visceral organs were evaluated for 99mTc-creatinine uptake as percent of the injected dose per gram wet weight of each tissue...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Biodistribution; Creatinine; 99mTechnetium; 99mTc-creatinine; Rat.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2007000600009

Autoradiographic thyroid evaluation in short-term experimental diabetes mellitus
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Nascimento-Saba,C.C.A.; Brito,A.C.; Pereira,M.J.S.; Carvalho,J.J.; Rosenthal,D.
Previous studies have shown that in vitro thyroid peroxidase (TPO) iodide oxidation activity is decreased and thyroid T4-5'-deiodinase activity is increased 15 days after induction of experimental diabetes mellitus (DM). In the present study we used thyroid histoautoradiography, an indirect assay of in vivo TPO activity, to determine the possible parallelism between the in vitro and in vivo changes induced by experimental DM. DM was induced in male Wistar rats (about 250 g body weight) by a single ip streptozotocin injection (45 mg/kg), while control (C) animals received a single injection of the vehicle. Seven and 30 days after diabetes induction, each diabetic and control animal was given ip a tracer dose of 125I (2 µCi), 2.5 h before thyroid excision....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Thyroid; Diabetes mellitus; Autohistoradiography; Rat.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1998000200013

Role of the caudal pressor area in the regulation of sympathetic vasomotor tone
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Campos,R.R.; Carillo,B.A.; Oliveira-Sales,E.B.; Silva,A.M.; Silva,N.F.; Futuro Neto,H.A.; Bergamaschi,C.T.
It is well known that the ventrolateral medulla contains neurons involved in the tonic and reflex control of the cardiovascular system. Two regions within the ventrolateral medulla were initially identified: the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) and the caudal ventrolateral medulla (CVLM). Activation of the RVLM raises arterial blood pressure and sympathetic nerve activity, and activation of the CVLM causes opposite effects. The RVLM premotor neurons project directly to sympathetic preganglionic neurons and are involved in the maintenance of resting sympathetic vasomotor tone. A significant proportion of tonic activity in the RVLM sympathetic premotor neurons is driven by neurons located in a third region of the ventrolateral medulla denominated caudal...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Rostral ventrolateral medulla; Rat; Glutamate; Blood pressure; Caudal pressor area; Sympathetic vasomotor tone.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2008000700002

Long-term effects of human amniotic membrane in a rat model of biliary fibrosis
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Sant'Anna,L.B.; Brito,F.S.; Barja,P.R.; Nicodemo,M.C.
Liver fibrosis is the most common outcome of chronic liver diseases, and its progression to cirrhosis can only be effectively treated with liver transplantation. The amniotic membrane (AM) has been studied as an alternative therapy for fibrosis diseases mainly for its favorable properties, including anti-inflammatory, anti-scaring and immunomodulatory properties. It was recently demonstrated that the AM reduces the progression of biliary fibrosis to its advanced stage, cirrhosis, when applied on the liver for 6 weeks after fibrosis induction. Here, we investigated the effects of AM on rat fibrotic liver, during a prolonged period of time. Fibrosis was induced by bile duct ligation (BDL), and at the same time, a fragment of AM was applied around the liver....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Amniotic membrane; Bile duct ligation; Liver fibrosis; Long-term; Quantitative image analysis; Rat.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2017000700611

Cardiac function and intracellular Ca2+ handling proteins are not impaired by high-saturated-fat diet-induced obesity
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Deus,A.F.; Vileigas,D.F.; Silva,D.C.T.; Tomasi,L.C.; Campos,D.H.S.; Okoshi,K.; Padovani,C.R.; Cicogna,A.C.
Obesity is often associated with changes in cardiac function; however, the mechanisms responsible for functional abnormalities have not yet been fully clarified. Considering the lack of information regarding high-saturated-fat diet-induced obesity, heart function, and the proteins involved in myocardial calcium (Ca2+) handling, the aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that this dietary model of obesity leads to cardiac dysfunction resulting from alterations in the regulatory proteins of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis. Male Wistar rats were distributed into two groups: control (C, n=18; standard diet) and obese (Ob, n=19; high-saturated-fat diet), which were fed for 33 weeks. Cardiac structure and function were evaluated using echocardiographic and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Obesity; Saturated fatty acids; High-fat diet; Cardiac function; Calcium handling proteins; Rat.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2019000600605

Evidence for eosinophil recruitment, leukotriene B4 production and mast cell hyperplasia following Toxocara canis infection in rats
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Carlos,D.; Machado,E.R.; De Paula,L.; Sá-Nunes,A.; Sorgi,C.A.; Jamur,M.C.; Oliver,C.; Lima,W.T.; Faccioli,L.H.
It is well known that eosinophilia is a key pathogenetic component of toxocariasis. The objective of the present study was to determine if there is an association between peritoneal and blood eosinophil influx, mast cell hyperplasia and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) production after Toxocara canis infection. Oral inoculation of 56-day-old Wistar rats (N = 5-7 per group) with 1000 embryonated eggs containing third-stage (L3) T. canis larvae led to a robust accumulation of total leukocytes in blood beginning on day 3 and peaking on day 18, mainly characterized by eosinophils and accompanied by higher serum LTB4 levels. At that time, we also noted increased eosinophil numbers in the peritoneal cavity. In addition, we observed increased peritoneal mast cell number in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Mast cells; Leukotriene B4; Eosinophils; Eosinophil peroxidase; Toxocara canis; Rat.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2011000400008

The compulsive-like aspect of the head dipping emission in rats with chronic electrolytic lesion in the area of the median raphe nucleus
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Hoshino,K.; Uga,D.A.; de Paula,H.M.G.
Head dipping (HD) is a behavioral pattern considered to have a risk assessment or an exploratory role and is used as a complementary parameter to evaluate anxiety in experimental animals. Since rats with electrolytic lesion in the area of the median raphe nucleus displayed high frequencies of HD in a previous study, the present investigation was undertaken to confirm this observation and to determine its anxiety-related origin. HD episodes were counted in adult male Wistar rats (270-350 g) with electrolytic lesion (N = 11) and sham-lesioned controls (N = 12). When HD was measured for 60 min on an elevated open platform, lesioned rats emitted 13 times more HD than controls (264.7 ± 93.3 vs 20.3 ± 7.6 episodes), with the difference being statistically...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Head dipping; Repetitive behavior; Median raphe nucleus; Electrolytic lesion; Rat.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2004000200012

Effect of hyperbaric oxygenation on mitochondrial function of neuronal cells in the cortex of neonatal rats after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Yang,L.; Hei,M.Y.; Dai,J.J.; Hu,N.; Xiang,X.Y.
The timing and mechanisms of protection by hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) in hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) have only been partially elucidated. We monitored the effect of HBO on the mitochondrial function of neuronal cells in the cerebral cortex of neonatal rats after HIBD. Neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats (total of 360 of both genders) were randomly divided into normal control, HIBD, and HIBD+HBO groups. The HBO treatment began immediately after hypoxia-ischemia (HI) and continued once a day for 7 consecutive days. Animals were euthanized 0, 2, 4, 6, and 12 h post-HI to monitor the changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) occurring soon after a single dose of HBO treatment, as well as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 days post-HI to study ΔΨm changes after...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Hyperbaric oxygenation; Hypoxia-ischemia; Brain; Mitochondrial function; Neonatal; Rat.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2016000500704

Effect of lead acetate on neurobehavioral development of rats
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Mello,C.F.; Kraemer,C.K.; Filippin,A.; Morsch,V.M.; Rodrigues,A.L.S.; Martins,A.F.; Rubin,M.A.
We investigated the effects of lead exposure during the pre- and postnatal period on the neurobehavioral development of female Wistar rats (70-75 days of age, 120-150 g) using a protocol of lead intoxication that does not affect weight gain. Wistar rats were submitted to lead acetate intoxication by giving their dams 1.0 mM lead acetate. Control dams received deionized water. Growth and neuromotor development were assessed by monitoring daily the following parameters in 20 litters: body weight, ear unfolding, incisor eruption, eye opening, righting, palmar grasp, negative geotaxis, cliff avoidance and startle reflex. Spontaneous alternation was assessed on postnatal day 17 using a T maze. The animals' ability to equilibrate on a beaker rim was measured on...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Lead; Neurobehavioral development; Undernutrition; Heavy metal intoxication; Teratology; Rat.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1998000700010

Differential role of entorhinal and hippocampal nerve growth factor in short- and long-term memory modulation
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Walz,R.; Roesler,R.; Reinke,A.; Martins,M.R.; Quevedo,J.; Izquierdo,I.
We studied the effects of infusion of nerve growth factor (NGF) into the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex of male Wistar rats (250-300 g, N = 11-13 per group) on inhibitory avoidance retention. In order to evaluate the modulation of entorhinal and hippocampal NGF in short- and long-term memory, animals were implanted with cannulae in the CA1 area of the dorsal hippocampus or entorhinal cortex and trained in one-trial step-down inhibitory avoidance (foot shock, 0.4 mA). Retention tests were carried out 1.5 h or 24 h after training to measure short- and long-term memory, respectively. Immediately after training, rats received 5 µl NGF (0.05, 0.5 or 5.0 ng) or saline per side into the CA1 area and entorhinal cortex. The correct position of the cannulae was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Nerve growth factor; Hippocampus; Entorhinal cortex; Short- and long-term memory; Inhibitory avoidance; Rat.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2005000100009

Role of nitric oxide in hypoxia-induced hyperventilation and hypothermia: participation of the locus coeruleus
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Fabris,G.; Anselmo-Franci,J.A.; Branco,L.G.S.
Hypoxia elicits hyperventilation and hypothermia, but the mechanisms involved are not well understood. The nitric oxide (NO) pathway is involved in hypoxia-induced hypothermia and hyperventilation, and works as a neuromodulator in the central nervous system, including the locus coeruleus (LC), which is a noradrenergic nucleus in the pons. The LC plays a role in a number of stress-induced responses, but its participation in the control of breathing and thermoregulation is unclear. Thus, in the present study, we tested the hypothesis that LC plays a role in the hypoxia-induced hypothermia and hyperventilation, and that NO is involved in these responses. Electrolytic lesions were performed bilaterally within the LC in awake unrestrained adult male Wistar rats...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Nitric oxide; Locus coeruleus; Hypoxia; Ventilation; Body temperature; Rat.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1999001100009

An ultrasound and histomorphological analysis of experimental liver cirrhosis in rats
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Dias,J.V.; Paredes,B.D.; Mesquita,L.F.Q.; Carvalho,A.B.; Kozlowski,E.O.; Lessa,A.S.; Takiya,C.M.; Resende,C.M.C.; Coelho,H.S.M.; Campos-de-Carvalho,A.C.; Rezende,G.F.M.; Goldenberg,R.C.S.
We investigated whether liver injury by dual exposure to ethanol and carbon tetrachloride (EtOH + CCl4) for 15 weeks would persist after hepatotoxic agents were removed (EtOH + CCl4/8wR). After 15 weeks of hepatic injury with ethanol (5.5%, m/v) and carbon tetrachloride (0.05, mL/kg, ip), 5 of 11 female Wistar rats were sacrificed. The other 6 rats were maintained for an additional 8 weeks without hepatotoxic agents. Ultrasonography showed increased liver echogenicity and dilation of portal vein caliber in both groups (EtOH + CCl4: 0.22 ± 0.01 cm, P &lt; 0.001; EtOH + CCl4/8wR: 0.21 ± 0.02 cm, P &lt; 0.01) vs control (0.16 ± 0.02 cm). Histopathology showed regenerative nodules in both experimental groups. Histomorphometry revealed increased fibrosis...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Rat; Cirrhosis; Collagen; Ultrasound; CCl4; Ethanol.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2008001100008

Regenerated rat skeletal muscle after periodic contusions
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
Autores: Minamoto,V.B.; Bunho,S.R.; Salvini,T.F.
In the present study we evaluated the morphological aspect and changes in the area and incidence of muscle fiber types of long-term regenerated rat tibialis anterior (TA) muscle previously submitted to periodic contusions. Animals received eight consecutive traumas: one trauma per week, for eight weeks, and were evaluated one (N = 8) and four (N = 9) months after the last contusion. Serial cross-sections were evaluated by toluidine blue staining, acid phosphatase and myosin ATPase reactions. The weight of injured muscles was decreased compared to the contralateral intact one (one month: 0.77 ± 0.15 vs 0.91 ± 0.09 g, P = 0.03; four months: 0.79 ± 0.14 vs 1.02 ± 0.07 g, P = 0.0007, respectively) and showed abundant presence of split fibers and fibers with...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Skeletal muscle; Periodic contusion; Long-term regeneration; Rat.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2001001100012

Screening and characterization of lactic acid bacterial strains that produce fermented milk and reduce cholesterol levels
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Microbiology
Autores: Guan,Xuefang; Xu,Qingxian; Zheng,Yi; Qian,Lei; Lin,Bin.
ABSTRACT  Objective To screen for and characterize lactic acid bacteria strains with the ability to produce fermented milk and reduce cholesterol levels.  Methods The strains were isolated from traditional fermented milk in China. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of cholesterol-reduction were used to identify and verify strains of interest. Characteristics were analyzed using spectrophotometry and plate counting assays.  Results The isolate HLX37 consistently produced fermented milk with strong cholesterol-reducing properties was identified as Lactobacillus plantarum (accession number: KR105940) and was thus selected for further study. The cholesterol reduction by strain HLX37 was 45.84%. The isolates were acid-tolerant at pH 2.5 and bile-tolerant at 0.5%...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Fermented milk; Lactobacillus plantarum; Cholesterol; Rat.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822017000400730

Costus root aqueous extract modulates rat liver toxicity, DNA damage, injury, proliferation alterations induced by plant growth regulator Ethephon
Provedor de dados: Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Autores: Tousson,Ehab; El-Atrsh,Afaf; Mansour,Merfaat; Assem,Abdallah.
Ethephon (Ethrel®) is an ethylene-based plant growth regulator that used in agriculture and it has direct and indirect effects on human health, direct effect via its inhalation during usage in agriculture and indirect effect through the diet (Fruits and vegetables) that is sprayed with it. The current study aimed to examine the possible modifying effects of costus (Saussurea lappa) root aqueous extract against Ethephon induced liver toxicity, injury, DNA fragmentation and PCNA alterations in male rats. Fifty adult male rats were divided into 5 groups (1st, control; 2nd, Costus; 3rd, Ethephon; 4th, Post treated Ethephon with costus; 5th, self-healing Ethephon). Current results revealed that; a significant increase in aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Plant growth regulator; Ethephon; Costus; Liver; DNA damage; PCNA expression; Rat.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502020000100600

Overlapping of mononuclear cells derived from bone marrow in rats' intervertebral discs: an in vitro study
Provedor de dados: Ciência Rural
Autores: Fontes,Erica Batista; Borges,Andréa Pacheco Batista; Pippi,Ney Luis; Rosa,Maurício; Sprada,Arícia; Togni,Monique.
In this study, bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNC) derived from rats were used in order to promote intervertebral disc regeneration. These cells were isolated after centrifugation in a Ficoll-Paque™ PLUS density gradient and then placed in plastic dishes to proliferate during a period of 14 days. The BM-MNCs were previously labeled with the fluorescent membrane marker Chloromethyl-benzamidodialkylcarbocyanine (CM-DIL), and thereafter were implanted in rats' intervertebral discs explants as an in vitro experimental model. Daily analyses of the cells under a fluorescence microscope revealed morphological changes, which assumed a thin and elongated shape similar to cells that originally form the annulus fibroses. Histopathological analysis demonstrated the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Mesenchymal stem cells; Intervertebral disc; In vitro; Rat.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782010000400024

Exogenous ATP administration prevents ischemia/reperfusion-induced oxidative stress and tissue injury by modulation of hypoxanthine metabolic pathway in rat ovary
Provedor de dados: Ciência Rural
Autores: Kumbasar,Serkan; Cetin,Nihal; Yapca,Omer Erkan; Sener,Ebru; Isaoglu,Unal; Yilmaz,ehmet; Salman,Suleyman; Aksoy,Ayse Nur; Gul,Mehmet Ali; Suleyman,Halis.
In this study, xanthine oxidase (XO), malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and glutathione (GSH) levels in the ovarian tissues of rats during the development of ischemia and postischemia-induced reperfusion were investigated, and the effect of ATP on ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) damage was biochemically and histopathologically examined. The results of the biochemical analyses demonstrated that ATP significantly reduced the level of XO and MDA and increased the amount of GSH in both ischemia and I/R-applied ovarian tissue at the doses administered. Furthermore, ATP significantly suppressed the increase in MPO activity that occurred following the application of post ischemia reperfusion in the ovarian tissue. The biochemical results obtained in the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Xanthine oxidase metabolism; Ischemia/reperfusion injury; Antioxidant; Rat.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782014000701257

Coconut oil on biochemical and morphological parameters in rats submitted to normolipidic and hyperlipidic diets
Provedor de dados: Ciência Rural
Autores: Schumacher,Bianca de Oliveira; Preuss,Edcarlos Maurino; Vargas,Carolina Galarza; Helbig,Elizabete.
ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of replacing soybean oil with extra virgin coconut oil in normolipidic and hyperlipidic diets, on the lipid metabolism of Wistar rats. In the first stage of the experiment (30 days), 36 rats were divided into 2 groups and fed with a control or a hyperlipidic diet. Six animals from each group were then killed, and the remaining rats were redistributed into 4 new groups: 2 groups remained on the control and hyperlipidic diets, and in the diets of the other 2 groups, the soybean oil was replaced with coconut oil (30 days). At the end of the assay, the biological models were decapitated for blood collection and removal of organs and peritoneal fat. Although the diet intake differed among groups during both...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cocos nucifera L; Extra virgin coconut oil; Obesity; Rat; Diet.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782016001001818