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Registros recuperados: 19
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AUTOMATION OR OPENNESS?: TECHNOLOGY AND TRADE IMPACTS ON COSTS AND LABOR COMPOSITION IN THE FOOD SYSTEM 31
Morrison Paul, Catherine J.; Siegel, Donald.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Productivity; Technology; Production costs; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25940
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PRODUCTION STRUCTURE AND TRENDS IN THE U.S. MEAT AND POULTRY PRODUCTS INDUSTRIES 31
Morrison Paul, Catherine J..
The U.S. meat products industries have experienced increasing consolidation. It has been speculated that this has resulted from cost economies, perhaps associated with technical change or trade factors. It has also been asserted that increased concentration in these industries may be allowing the exploitation of market power in the input (livestock) and output (meat product) industries. These issues are addressed for the four digit SIC meat and poultry industries. Findings show that the beef and pork products industries tend to have similar structures, which differ from the poultry industries. None of the industries, however appear to have exhibited excessive market power, particularly when scale economies (diseconomies), and resulting reductions...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Production Economics.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30807
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THOUGHTS ON PRODUCTIVITY, EFFICIENCY AND CAPACITY UTILIZATION MEASUREMENT FOR FISHERIES 31
Morrison Paul, Catherine J..
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Productivity Analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11963
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EFFECTIVE COSTS AND CHEMICAL USE IN U.S. AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION: BENEFITS AND COSTS OF USING THE ENVIRONMENT AS A "FREE" INPUT 31
Morrison Paul, Catherine J.; Ball, V. Eldon; Felthoven, Ronald G.; Nehring, Richard F..
This study uses a cost-function-based model of production processes in U.S. agriculture to represent producers' input and output decisions, and the implied costs of reductions in risk associated with leaching and runoff from agricultural chemical use. The model facilitates evaluation of the statistical significance of measured shadow values for "bad" outputs, and their input- and output-specific components, with a focus on the impacts on pesticide demand and its quality and quantity aspects. The shadow values of risk reduction are statistically significant, and imply increased demand for effective pesticides over time that stem largely from improvements in quality due to embodied technology, and that vary substantively by region.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11986
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PRODUCTIVITY AND EFFICIENCY IN THE U.S. FOOD SYSTEM, OR, MIGHT COST FACTORS SUPPORT INCREASING MERGERS AND CONCENTRATION? 31
Morrison Paul, Catherine J..
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Productivity; Efficiency; Benefit Cost Analysis; Food Industry; Industrial Organization; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11983
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Cost Economies and Market Power in U.S. Beef Packing 31
Morrison Paul, Catherine J..
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Industrial Organization; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11934
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TRACING THE EFFECTS OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY PRICES ON FOOD PROCESSING COSTS 31
Morrison Paul, Catherine J.; MacDonald, James M..
Although food processing sector production is inherently linked to the availability and prices of agricultural materials (MA), this link appears to be weakening due to adaptations in input costs, technology, and food consumption patterns. This study assesses the roles of these changes on food processors’ costs and output prices, with a focus on the demand for primary agricultural commodities. Our analysis of the 4-digit U.S. food processing industries for 1972-1992 is based on a cost-function framework, augmented by a profit maximization specification of output pricing, and a virtual price representation for agricultural materials and capital. We find that falling virtual prices of MA and input substitution have provided a stimulus for MA demand. However,...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis; Industrial Organization.
Ano: 2000 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11987
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TECHNICAL PROGRESS IN THE SETE TRAWL FISHERY, 1985-1999 31
Kirkley, James E.; Morrison Paul, Catherine J.; Cunningham, Stephen; Catanzano, Joseph.
Fisheries throughout the world have long been subject to overfishing and excess capacity, which has generated substantial and increasing concern about biological and economic performance ramifications. These problems in part stem from substantial investment in technical improvements to boats and equipment in fishing fleets. Such technical change exacerbates the extent of excess fishing capacity, as well as low returns to fishing effort and investment due to catch limitations from both regulatory constraints and overfished stocks. However, economists have not yet attempted to quantify the extent or effects of technical change in fisheries. In this paper we use detailed data on innovation patterns for 19 vessels in the Sete trawl fleet of Southern France to...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11980
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SPATIAL AND SUPPLY/DEMAND AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES: AN EVALUATION OF STATE-AND-INDUSTRY-LINKAGES IN THE U.S. FOOD SYSTEM 31
Cohen, Jeffrey P.; Morrison Paul, Catherine J..
In this paper we postulate, measure, and evaluate the importance of cost-impacts from spatial and industrial spillovers for analysis of economic performance. To accomplish this, we incorporate measures of "activity levels" of related states and industries in a cost function model, and estimate their associated thick market and agglomeration effects in terms of shadow values and elasticities. We focus on the food processing sector, the proximity of own-industry activity in neighboring states, and the supply- and demand- side "drivers", associated with urbanization and localization economies (represented by the GSP and agricultural intensity in the own and neighboring states). We find significant cost-savings benefits to a states’ food processing sector...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11982
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Productivity Growth, Technological Progress, and Technical Efficiency in the Heartland and Southern Cotton States:1996-1999. 31
Morrison Paul, Catherine J.; Nehring, Richard F.; Banker, David E.; Breneman, Vincent E..
Given recent concerns expressed about the structural transformation of agriculture and the health of the family farm this study provides a measure of the economic health of small and large farms at the state level. We use nonparametric frontier methods to measure and explain changes in the efficiency, productivity, and technological change of U.S. farms, employing USDA’s annual 1996 to 1999 surveys of farms. Our results for the corn and cotton states analyzed identify particularly weak economic performance of small farms in Iowa, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Wisconsin and of large farms in Missouri, Oklahoma, and South Carolina. Our results also indicate strong performance of small farms in several states. Thus, these results give policy makers a more detailed...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20679
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Computer and Internet Use by Great Plains Farmers 31
Smith, Aaron D.; Morrison Paul, Catherine J.; Goe, W. Richard; Kenney, Martin.
We use data from a 2001 survey of Great Plains farmers to explore the adoption, usage patterns, and perceived benefits of computers and the Internet. Our adoption results suggest that exposure to the technology through college, outside employment, friends, and family is ultimately more influential than farmer age and farm size. Notably, about half of those who use the Internet for farm-related business report zero economic benefits from it. Whether a farmer perceives that the Internet generates economic benefits depends primarily on how long the farmer has used the Internet for farm business and for what purposes.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Farm Management; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11947
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Computer and Internet Use by Great Plains Farmers 31
Smith, Aaron D.; Goe, W. Richard; Kemey, Martin; Morrison Paul, Catherine J..
This study uses data from a 2001 survey of Great Plains farmers to explore the adoption, usage patterns, and perceived benefits of computers and the Internet. Adoption results suggest that exposure to the technology through college, outside employment, friends, and family is ultimately more influential than farmer age and farm size. Notably, about half of those who use the Internet for farm-related business report zero economic benefits from it. Whether a farmer perceives that the Internet generates economic benefits depends primarily on how long the farmer has used the Internet for farm business and for what purposes.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Competitiveness; Net benefits; Technology adoption; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30918
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Measuring Productivity Change and Its Components for Fisheries: The Case of the Alaskan Pollock Fishery, 1994-2003 31
Felthoven, Ronald G.; Morrison Paul, Catherine J.; Torres, Marcelo.
Traditional productivity measures have been much less prevalent than other measures of economic and biological performance in fisheries economics. It has been increasingly recognized, however, that modeling and measuring fisheries' production relationships is central to understanding and ultimately correcting the repercussions of externalities and poorly designed regulations. We use a transformation function production model to estimate productivity and its components for the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands pollock fishery. We recognize the roles of externalities from pollock harvesting by incorporating data on environmental conditions, bycatch, and biomass stock, and capture regulatory impacts through fishing strategy indicators and fixed effects. We find...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Fisheries Productivity; Regulatory Impacts; Bycatch; Environmental Factors; Primal Production Model; Productivity Analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25721
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Economics and Productivity of Organic versus Non-organic Dairy Farms in the United States 31
Gillespie, Jeffrey M.; Nehring, Richard F.; Hallahan, Charles B.; Morrison Paul, Catherine J.; Sandretto, Carmen L..
Technical and scale efficiencies are estimated for organic and non-organic dairy farms in the United States using an input distance function approach. A multinomial logit analysis is used to categorize the farms by technology. Large conventional farms outperformed smaller farms in most technology / organic / non-organic categories. There was high variability in net returns among the organics so that they did not differ significantly from the large conventional farms. The largest conventional non-organic operations and conventional organic operations tended to have the higher technical efficiencies.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Organic dairy production; Input distance function; Technical efficiency; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44415
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Distinguishing Different Industry Technologies and Localized Technical Change 31
Morrison Paul, Catherine J.; Sauer, Johannes.
This contribution is based on the notion that different technologies are present in an industry. These different technologies result in differential “drivers” of economic performance depending on the kind of technology used by the individual firm. In a first step different technologies are empirically distinguished. Subsequently, the associated production patterns are approximated and the respective change over time is estimated. A latent class modelling approach is used to distinguish different technologies for a representative sample of E.U. dairy producers as an industry exhibiting significant structural changes and differences in production systems in the past decades. The production technology is modelled and evaluated by using the flexible functional...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Heterogenous Technologies; Transformation Function; Localized Technical Change; Production Economics; Q12; O33; C35.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91749
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TECHNOLOGIES AND LOCALIZED TECHNICAL CHANGE 31
Morrison Paul, Catherine J.; Sauer, Johannes.
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Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Heterogenous Technologies; Transformation Function; Localized Technical Change; Production Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q12; O33; C35.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93963
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Distinguishing Different Industry Technologies and Localized Technical Change 31
Morrison Paul, Catherine J.; Sauer, Johannes.
When different technologies are present in an industry, assuming a homogeneous technology will lead to misleading implications about technical change and inefficient policy recommendations. In this paper a latent class modelling approach and flexible estimation of the production structure is used to distinguish different technologies for a representative sample of E.U. dairy producers, as an industry exhibiting significant structural changes and differences in production systems in the past decades. The model uses a transformation function to recognize multiple outputs; separate technological classes based on multiple characteristics, a flexible generalized linear functional form, a variety of inputs, and random effects to capture firm heterogeneity; and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61146
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Determining the Competitive Edge: Diversified Dairy Production Systems in the United States and the European Union 31
Sauer, Johannes; Nehring, Richard F.; Gillespie, Jeffrey M.; Morrison Paul, Catherine J.; Blayney, Donald P.; Hallahan, Charles B.; Latruffe, Laure.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61149
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Distinguishing Different Industry Technologies and Localized Technical Change 31
Sauer, Johannes; Morrison Paul, Catherine J..
When different technologies are present in an industry, assuming a homogeneous technology will lead to misleading implications about technical change and inefficient policy recommendations. In this paper a latent class modelling approach and flexible estimation of the production structure is used to distinguish different technologies for a representative sample of E.U. dairy producers, as an industry exhibiting significant structural changes and differences in production systems in the past decades. The model uses a transformation function to recognize multiple outputs; separate technological classes based on multiple characteristics, a flexible generalized linear functional form, a variety of inputs, and random effects to capture firm heterogeneity; and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Heterogenous Technologies; Transformation Function; Localized Technical Change; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q12; O33; C35.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99834
Registros recuperados: 19
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