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| Registros recuperados: 23 | |
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| Nehring, Richard F.; Christensen, Lee A.; O'Donoghue, Erik J.; Sandretto, Carmen L.. |
| Recent trends in livestock concentration in major corn producing states suggest that increasing risk of water pollution from manure applications may be offsetting declines in risk of water pollution from chemical fertilizer. Analysis of data from ARMS surveys found that potential excess nitrogen and phosphorous per corn acre increases sharply between 1996 and 2001 when manure nutrient credits are included. Cohort analysis of farms found that the level of technical efficiency appears to be positively associated with potential nutrient pollution from both sources. Operations with high ratios of manure applied to manure produced and excess phosphorous tend to be more technically efficient than operations with low ratios of manure applied to manure produced... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21980 |
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| Nehring, Richard F.; Christensen, Lee A.; O'Donoghue, Erik J.; Sandretto, Carmen L.. |
| Recent trends in livestock concentration suggest that there may be an increasing risk of water pollution from manure applications. These trends in livestock operations may be offsetting improvements in commercial fertilizer management that have the potential to reduce the risk of water pollution. This conclusion was derived by tracking excess nutrient trends between 1996 and 2002 and by examining measures of economic performance for livestock farms. First, a link was established between the expansion of AFOs (Animal Feeding Operations) and excess nutrients from commercial fertilizer and manure sources. Second, technical efficiency was measured in order to identify whether technical efficiency explains structural change and in order to see whether... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34764 |
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| Hoppe, Robert A.; Banker, David E.; Korb, Penelope J.; O'Donoghue, Erik J.; MacDonald, James M.. |
| American farms encompass a wide range of sizes, ownership structures, and business types, but most farms are still family farms. Family farms account for 98 percent of farms and 85 percent of production. Although most farms are small and own most of the farmland, production has shifted to very large farms. Farms with sales of $1 million or more make up less than 2 percent of all farms, but they account for 48 percent of farm product sales. Most of these million-dollar farms are family farms. Because small-farm households rely on off-farm work for most of their income, general economic policies, such as tax or economic development policy, can be as important to them as traditional farm policy. |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Family farms; Farm program payments; Farm production; Farm household income; Commodity payments; Direct payments; Government payments; Agricultural Resource Management Survey; Contracting; ERS; USDA; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59029 |
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| Hoppe, Robert A.; Korb, Penelope J.; O'Donoghue, Erik J.; Banker, David E.. |
| U.S. farms are diverse, ranging from small retirement and residential farms to enterprises with annual sales in the millions. Nevertheless, most U.S. farms—98 percent in 2004—are family farms. Even the largest farms tend to be family farms. Large-scale family farms and nonfamily farms account for 10 percent of U.S farms, but 75 percent of the value of production. In contrast, small family farms make up most of the U.S. farm count, produce a modest share of farm output, and receive substantial off-farm income. Many farm households have a large net worth, reflecting the land-intensive nature of farming. |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Contracting; Family farms; Farm businesses; Farm financial performance; Farm-operator household income; Farm operators; Farm structure; Farm type; Million-dollar farms; Small farms; ERS; USDA; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59032 |
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| Melhim, Almuhanad; O'Donoghue, Erik J.; Shumway, C. Richard. |
| Recent consolidation in agriculture has shifted production toward fewer but larger farms, reshaping business relationships between farmers, processors, input suppliers, and local communities. We analyze growth and diversification of U.S. corn, wheat, apple, and beef farms by examining longitudinal changes in 10 size cohorts through three successive censuses. We fail to reject Gibrat’s law in apple and wheat industries and the mean reversion hypothesis in beef and corn industries. Apple and wheat farms diversify over time. The findings suggest that scale economies diminish for large farms across all four industries and scope economies dominate scale economies for large apple and wheat farms. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Diversification; Firm growth; Gibrat’s law; Longitudinal data; Scale economies; Scope economies; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Production Economics; Q12. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48757 |
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| O'Donoghue, Erik J.; MacDonald, James C.; Vasavada, Utpal; Sullivan, Patrick. |
| Over the past three decades, the number of farming operations has remained relatively steady, but production has shifted to larger farms. Changes in production and marketing practices have facilitated—and have been facilitated by—organizational and distributional changes in agricultural production. Resulting changes in agricultural productivity helped keep prices for agricultural goods relatively low and reduced the environmental footprint for each unit of agricultural output produced, but not without tradeoffs. |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Farm Management. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120792 |
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| MacDonald, James M.; Hoppe, Robert A.; Korb, Penelope J.; O'Donoghue, Erik J.. |
| We use two comprehensive and representative USDA databases to assess the performance of small farms in the U.S. Farm production is shifting to much larger farms, and the number of small commercial farms is declining. Most large U.S. farms remain family-owned and operated enterprises, and most remain small businesses by U.S. standards. Small commercial farms tend to focus on three commodities: beef cattle, grains and oilseeds, and poultry. On average, large farm financial returns substantially exceed those on small farms, but the range of performance among small farms is quite wide. About one quarter of the nearly 800,000 small commercial farms show very good financial returns. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Small farms; Structural change; Farm income; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q12. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52870 |
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| Roberts, Michael J.; O'Donoghue, Erik J.; Key, Nigel D.. |
| This paper presents preliminary evidence on the effect of crop insurance on fertilizer and chemical inputs in agriculture. Our estimates are based on two sources of identification that emerge from a policy change concerning insurance subsidies that approximately doubled total premiums and the share of acres insured. First, we compare per-acre applications on these inputs from the same farms before and after the policy change. Second, we compare farm-level changes in input applications to differential changes in coverage growth induced by the policy change. We are able to make this second comparison because farms in some regions were more heavily insured than others before the policy change so they were not required to increase coverage in order to... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Risk and Uncertainty. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21895 |
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| Key, Nigel D.; Roberts, Michael J.; O'Donoghue, Erik J.. |
| Previous research has found that on-farm income variability helps determine off-farm labor supply. However, unobserved heterogeneity of farms or regions may have biased earlier results. In this study, we use an exogenous increase in Federal crop insurance subsidies as a natural experiment to identify the importance of risk in off-farm labor supply. The subsidy increases induced greater participation in crop insurance programs and thereby reduced farmers' financial risks. By merging county-level crop insurance participation data with farm-level Agricultural Census data from 1992 and 1997 we can compare the off-farm labor decisions of individual farms before and after the subsidy and thereby control for unobserved heterogeneity. Unlike previous studies, we... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Labor and Human Capital. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22175 |
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| Nehring, Richard F.; Banker, David E.; O'Donoghue, Erik J.. |
| Preliminary estimates of technical efficiency based on USDA data for 1997 through 2001 indicate that independent operations were significantly more efficient than contract operations. Preliminary estimates also indicate that both types of operations exhibited increasing returns to scale with contract operations appearing to exhibit significantly higher returns to scale than independent operations, but that larger contract and independent operations exhibit roughly comparable returns to scale. Our estimates of excess nutrients that derive from both commercial fertilizer and manure, comparing the performance of production contract operations and independent operations indicate that, in general, levels of excess nutrients per acre of land are... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22057 |
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| O'Donoghue, Erik J.; Key, Nigel D.; Roberts, Michael J.. |
| We use a large increase in Federal crop insurance subsidies as a natural experiment to identify the impact of risk on acreage and diversification decisions. Subsidy increases induced greater crop insurance coverage, which reduced farmers' financial risks. Did this change in the risk environment alter production decisions? We merged crop insurance participation data with farm-level Agricultural Census data from 1992 and 1997 to examine how harvested acreage and diversification changed in response to the policy-induced change in insurance coverage. The difference in differences empirical approach controls for unobservable heterogeneity and our results are robust across multiple definitions of our key variables and various fixed effects. We find that... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Risk and Uncertainty. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19397 |
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| MacDonald, James M.; O'Donoghue, Erik J.; McBride, William D.; Nehring, Richard F.; Sandretto, Carmen L.; Mosheim, Roberto. |
| U.S. dairy production is consolidating into fewer but larger farms. This report uses data from several USDA surveys to detail that consolidation and to analyze the financial drivers of consolidation. Specifically, larger farms realize lower production costs. Although small dairy farms realize higher revenue per hundredweight of milk sold, the cost advantages of larger size allow large farms to be profitable, on average, even while most small farms are unable to earn enough to replace their capital. Further survey evidence, as well as the financial data, suggest that consolidation is likely to continue. |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Dairy farming; Economies of scale; Economies of size; Dairy farm structure; Milk costs; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6704 |
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| O'Donoghue, Erik J.; MacDonald, James M.; Nehring, Richard F.. |
| Water quality has implications for the health of our ecosystem and the welfare of our population. Agriculture is one of the major contributors of non-point source pollution that contaminates our nation's water supplies. Understanding how farmers substitute manure for commercial fertilizers allows us to better understand the level of nitrogen that enters the soil and can seep into our waterways. In this paper, we explore the factors that help determine farmers' substitution rates between the two types of fertilizers. Location, crop type, and time all could play important roles. We analyze USDA farm level survey data for both crop and livestock farms covering the years 1996 to 2002 to create substitution rate estimates used on corn, soybean, and wheat... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Farm Management. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19252 |
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| Registros recuperados: 23 | |
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