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| Registros recuperados: 55 | |
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| La Rovere, Roberto; Aw-Hassan, Aden. |
| Agricultural research in marginal dry areas can contribute to reducing poverty through the development of technological, institutional and policy options for poor farmers by addressing diversified opportunities and development pathways. This paper analyzes the diversity of rural livelihood strategies in the Khanasser Valley in northwest Syria, an area representative of marginal drylands. We experimentally define an operational classification of household typologies based on their different livelihood strategies, capabilities, and opportunities by applying a Sustainable Livelihoods framework. Livelihoods diversity has implications on where and how research must be targeted to have impact on poverty. Households less endowed in land and natural resources and... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Impact; Livelihoods; Marginal Areas; Poverty; Syria; D1; I3; O3; Q12; Q16; Food Security and Poverty. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25722 |
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| Kajisa, Kei; Palanisami, Kuppannan; Sakurai, Takeshi. |
| This paper investigates the impact of the dissemination of modern irrigation systems, i.e. private wells with pumps, on the livelihood not only among the farmers who have access to wells but also among the farmers who have no access to wells and thus rely solely on traditional irrigation systems called tank irrigation systems. The analysis is based on a village and household data set collected in Tamil Nadu, India where tank irrigation systems have been managed collectively for rice cultivation. Our statistical analyses predict that once declines in collective management occur due to the dissemination of private wells, the rice yield and income of the no-well-access farmers alone will decrease, resulting in increased poverty among them. Our analyses also... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Irrigation; Well; Common property; Poverty; India; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O3; O13; Q25. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25682 |
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| Pemsl, Diemuth E.; Waibel, Hermann; Gutierrez, Andrew P.. |
| Economic analysis of chemical pesticide use has shown that the interactions between plants, pests, damage control technology and state of the ecosystem are important variables to be considered. Hence, a bio-economic model was developed for the assessment of Bt variety and pesticide-based control strategies of the cotton bollworm in China. The model simulates plant growth, the dynamics of pest populations and of natural enemies. The model predictions are used as major inputs for a stochastic partial budgeting procedure of alternative control strategies. Results show that: (1) productivity effects of Bt varieties and pesticide use depend on the action of natural control agents, and (2) the profitability of damage control measures increases with the severity... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q57; Q55; O13; O3. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25335 |
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| Eaton, Derek J.F.; Tripp, Robert; Louwaars, Niels P.. |
| This paper analyzes the effect of intellectual property rights (IPR) regimes on the plant breeding sector in developing countries. Most of these countries have implemented a system of plant variety protection (PVP), or are in the process of doing so, generally as part of their obligations under the Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property (TRIPS) of the World Trade Organization (WTO). This paper presents the results of research on the initial effects of IPRs on the plant breeding sector in five case study countries (China, Colombia, India, Kenya and Uganda). Three of the countries have PVP systems in place and the other two are in the process of either developing or implementing legislation. But the ease of implementing PVP seems to have... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; L3; O3; Q16. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25455 |
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| Laurent, Catherine E.; Trouve, Aurelie. |
| Evidence-based or evidence-aware policy approaches are used in many different sectors (health, education, etc.). These approaches are less common in agriculture but are gradually emerging. Analysis of debates surrounding this trend sheds light on the particular nature of the difficulties faced by public decision-makers who are willing to use available scientific knowledge. After examining certain misunderstandings which arise in the international debate over evidence-based policy approaches, this paper addresses two specific issues: (i) the problems of competing evidence for using knowledge in the design of public policies and (ii) the potential role of rationalization tools in a possible "depoliticisation" of public decision-making. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Knowledge; Agriculture; Policy; Evidence; Agricultural and Food Policy; B29; D8; Q01; O3. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99833 |
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| Molua, Ernest L.. |
| This paper examines the effect of changes in climatic averages on agricultural production at the national level in Cameroon. The empirical results reveal that Cameroon’s agriculture is influenced by climate variables. The economic value of the projected output in 2050 ranges from USD3.5 billion (41% less than the 1961–2001 mean value at 2.5oC increase in temperature and 8.5% increase in precipitation) to US$ 7.1 billion (18.5% greater than the 1961–2001 mean, for a 1.5°C increase in temperature and a 15% increase in precipitation). A 3.5% increase in temperature associated with a 4.5% increase in precipitation in the absence of irrigation facilities would be detrimental to Cameroon’s agriculture, leading to a loss of almost 46.7% in output value. This... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Cameroon; Agriculture; Climate variation; Global warming; Econometric methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O3; Q10; Q20. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56967 |
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| Fischer, Carolyn. |
| Policies to promote energy efficiency in household appliances have different impacts, depending on the structure of market supply. If provision is perfectly competitive, markets will offer the variety of energy efficiency levels that consumers demand. However, if producers can price discriminate, using energy intensity to help segment consumer demand, consumers of low-end appliances are offered too little energy efficiency so that high-end consumers can be charged more for efficient appliances. Minimum energy efficiency standards can then improve welfare. We also consider average intensity standards, energy prices, and innovation and identify important differences in their effects on energy intensity, welfare, and consumers, depending on market structures.... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Energy efficiency; Appliance; Standards; Price discrimination; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q40; Q55; Q58; O3. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10473 |
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| Registros recuperados: 55 | |
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