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| Achaval,M.; Penha,M.A.P.; Swarowsky,A.; Rigon,P.; Xavier,L.L.; Viola,G.G.; Zancan,D.M.. |
| We describe the behavior of the snail Megalobulimus abbreviatus upon receiving thermal stimuli and the effects of pretreatment with morphine and naloxone on behavior after a thermal stimulus, in order to establish a useful model for nociceptive experiments. Snails submitted to non-functional (22ºC) and non-thermal hot-plate stress (30ºC) only displayed exploratory behavior. However, the animals submitted to a thermal stimulus (50ºC) displayed biphasic avoidance behavior. Latency was measured from the time the animal was placed on the hot plate to the time when the animal lifted the head-foot complex 1 cm from the substrate, indicating aversive thermal behavior. Other animals were pretreated with morphine (5, 10, 20 mg/kg) or naloxone (2.5, 5.0, 7.5 mg/kg)... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Snail; Thermal avoidance; Nociception; Morphine; Naloxone. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2005000100012 |
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| Romero,S.M.B.; Hoffmann,A.. |
| The effect of an aversive stimulus represented by contact with a hot plate on the heart rate of Megalobulimus mogianensis was evaluated with electrocardiogram recording in intact snails (N = 8). All stimulated animals showed an increase in heart rate, with mean values ranging from 35.6 ± 1.2 (basal heart rate) to 43.8 ± 0.9 bpm (post-stimulation heart rate). The cardioacceleration was followed by gradual recovery of the basal heart rate, with mean recovery times varying from 4.3 ± 0.3 to 5.8 ± 0.6 min. Repetition of the stimulus did not affect the magnitude of variation nor did it influence the basal heart rate recovery time. To investigate the role of the cardiac nerve in mediating the heart rate alterations induced by the aversive stimulus, denervated (N... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other |
Palavras-chave: Aversive stimulus; Cardiac nerve; Heart rate; Snail; Megalobulimus mogianensis. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2008000500013 |
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| Makdissi,F.B.A.; Machado,L.V.S.T.; Oliveira,A.G.C.; Benvenuti,T.T.; Katayama,M.L.H.; Brentani,M.M.; Osório,C.A.B.T.; Mourão Netto,M.; Lyra,E.C.; Carvalho,F.; Góes,J.C.S.; Folgueira,M.A.A.K.. |
| Epithelial intercellular cohesion, mainly mediated by E-cadherin (CDH1) expression and function, may be deregulated during cancer cell invasion of adjacent tissues and lymphatic and vascular channels. CDH1 expression is down-modulated in invasive lobular breast carcinomas but its regulation in invasive ductal carcinomas (IDC) is less clear. CDH1 expression is repressed by transcription factors such as Snail (SNAI1) and its product is degraded after Hakai ubiquitination. We compared CDH1, SNAI1 and HAKAI mRNA expression in IDC and paired adjacent normal breast tissue and evaluated its relation with node metastasis and circulating tumor cells. Matched tumor/peritumoral and blood samples were collected from 30 patients with early IDC. Epithelial cells from... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Breast cancer; E-cadherin; Snail; Hakai. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2009001200002 |
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| Kong,Dalu; Liang,Jun; Li,Rong; Liu,Shihai; Wang,Jigang; Zhang,Kejun; Chen,Dong. |
| Many patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HC) have a poor prognosis. Snail, a transcription factor and E-cadherin repressor, is a novel prognostic factor in many cancers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between snail and E-cadherin protein expression and the prognostic significance of snail expression in HC. We examined the protein expression of snail and E-cadherin in HC tissues from 47 patients (22 males and 25 females, mean age 61.2 years) using immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. Proliferation rate was also evaluated in the same cases by the MIB1 index. High, low and negative snail protein expression was recorded in 18 (38%), 17 (36%), and 12 (26%) cases, respectively, and 40.4% (19/47) cases showed reduced E-cadherin protein... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Hilar cholangiocarcinoma; Prognostic marker; Snail; E-cadherin; Immunohistochemistry. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2012000700008 |
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