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Sarafova,S.D.; Siu,G.. |
The control of CD4 gene expression is essential for proper T lymphocyte development. Signals transmitted from the T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) during the thymic selection processes are believed to be linked to the regulation of CD4 gene expression during specific stages of T cell development. Thus, a study of the factors that control CD4 gene expression may lead to further insight into the molecular mechanisms that drive thymic selection. In this review, we discuss the work conducted to date to identify and characterize the cis-acting transcriptional control elements in the CD4 locus and the DNA-binding factors that mediate their function. From these studies, it is becoming clear that the molecular mechanisms controlling CD4 gene expression are very... |
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: CD4; Gene expression; Silencer; T cell; Development. |
Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1999000700001 |
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Goto,H.; Lindoso,J.A.L.. |
Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania, and visceral leishmaniasis is a form in which the inner organs are affected. Since knowledge about immunity in experimental visceral leishmaniasis is poor, we present here a review on immunity and immunosuppression in experimental visceral leishmaniasis in mouse and hamster models. We show the complexity of the mechanisms involved and differences when compared with the cutaneous form of leishmaniasis. Resistance in visceral leishmaniasis involves both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and interleukin (IL)-2, interferon (IFN)- gamma, and IL-12, the latter in a mechanism independent of IFN- gamma and linked to transforming growth factor (TGF)-ß production. Susceptibility involves IL-10 but not IL-4,... |
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Visceral leishmaniasis; Immunosuppression; T cell; Cytokines; Mice; Hamster. |
Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2004000400020 |
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Persechini,P.M.; Bisaggio,R.C.; Alves-Neto,J.L.; Coutinho-Silva,R.. |
The effects of extracellular nucleosides and nucleotides on many organs and systems have been recognized for almost 50 years. The effects of extracellular ATP (ATPo), UTPo, ADPo, and other agonists are mediated by P2 purinoceptors. One of the most dramatic effects of ATPo is the permeabilization of plasma membranes to low molecular mass solutes of up to 900 Da. This effect is evident in several cells of the lymphohematopoietic system and is supposed to be mediated by P2Z, an ATP4--activated purinoceptor. Here, we review some basic information concerning P2 purinoceptors and focus our attention on P2Z-associated phenomena displayed by macrophages. Using fluorescent dye uptake, measurement of free intracellular Ca2+ concentration and electrophysiological... |
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: ATP; P2Z purinoceptor; Macrophage; Monocyte; T cell; Permeabilization. |
Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1998000100004 |
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Tamaki, Yosui; Yoneda, Masashi; Sato, Keisuke; Yokohama, Shiro; Haneda, Masakazu; Nakamura, Kimihide; 中村, 公英. |
The intravenous injection of concanavalin A (Con A) activates T cells and induces cytokine dependent liver injury in mice. However, the effect of repeated administrations of Con A has not been fully investigated. Female BALB/c mice were intravenously injected with Con A (20 mg/kg) or saline once a week for six times. Mice were rechallenged with Con A 17 days after repeated administrations of Con A. Repeated Con A administrations elicited a sustained inhibition of rechallenged-Con A-induced liver injury. Plasma TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma levels after rechallenge of Con A were decreased compared with that of repeated saline treatments. By contrast, plasma IL-4 and IL-10 levels after rechallenge of Con A were increased. In spleen cells prepared from repeated Con... |
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Palavras-chave: Concanavalin A; Tolerance; Cytokine; Liver injury; T cell. |
Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/61 |
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