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| Registros recuperados: 22 | |
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| Anania, Giovanni; McCalla, Alex F.. |
| When modeling discriminatory trade policies -- such as targeted embargoes, selective quotas, targeted export or import subsidies, or preferential trading agreements -- failure to explicitly include assumptions about arbitraging behavior may yield to misleading results. Quadratic programming (QP), Non Linear Programming (NLP), and Vector Sandwich (VS) models implicitly set the rules regarding the possibility of simultaneous exporting and importing. The result is that many analysis using these models may lead to poor results because the models contain implicit limits on arbitraging which may be at variance with the actual policies and/or country behavior. The paper introduces an alternative spatial model. Its main features are that countries are allowed to... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Trade; Spatial models; Arbitraging; Discriminatory trade policy; Embargo; Preferential tariff; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1989 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51254 |
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| Anania, Giovanni. |
| The paper shows how analyses assuming perfect competition can yield a distorted estimation of the expected effects of a trade liberalization when market imperfections exist. The analytical framework adopted is very simple and three extreme imperfect market structures are considered. In the first case, the exporting country maximizes its producer and consumer surplus by intervening in the world market. The second market imperfection considered is the existence of a private firm playing the role of "pure middleman" in the world market. Then the case of a producer-owned marketing board which is granted exclusive export authority is addressed. It is shown that under all three scenarios, if perfect competition is assumed when market imperfections exist, the... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Trade liberalization; Imperfect markets; Monopoly; Monopsony; Marketing board; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24971 |
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| Anania, Giovanni. |
| The paper shows how analyses assuming perfect competition can yield a distorted estimation of the expected effects of a trade liberalization when market imperfections exist. The analytical framework adopted is very simple and three extreme imperfect market structures are considered. In the first case, the exporting country maximizes its producer and consumer surplus by intervening in the world market. The second market imperfection considered is the existence of a private firm playing the role of "pure middleman" in the world market. Then the case of a producer-owned marketing board which is granted exclusive export authority is addressed. It is shown that estimates of the impact of a tariff reduction in terms of prices and volume traded obtained assuming... |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Trade liberalization; Imperfect markets; Monopoly; Monopsony; Marketing board; International Relations/Trade; F12; F13; Q17; Q18. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28798 |
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| Anania, Giovanni. |
| The paper reviews the models used in the past 10 years or so to analyze the expected effects of liberalizing agricultural trade. The main aim of the paper it to provide the reader with an overview of models which have been used to assess, first, during the Uruguay Round, the implications of alternative hypothetical trade liberalization scenarios, then, the Agreement itself, and, more recently, the implications of further steps in liberalizing agricultural markets as a result of the on going WTO negotiations. The conclusion reached is that the efforts to model agricultural trade and trade policies, taken as a whole, are not fully satisfactory. Although several models offer accurate representations of international agricultural markets and trade policies,... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20758 |
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| Anania, Giovanni. |
| The paper reviews the models used in the past 10 years or so to analyze the expected effects of liberalizing agricultural trade with specific reference to the implications for agriculture and agricultural policies in the European Union. Its main aim is to provide the reader with an overview of models which have been used to assess, first, during the Uruguay Round, the implications of alternative hypothetical trade liberalization scenarios, then, the Agreement itself, and, more recently, the implications of further steps in liberalizing agricultural markets as a result of the on-going WTO negotiations. The conclusion is that the efforts to model agricultural trade and trade policies, taken as a whole, are not fully satisfactory. Although there are several... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14797 |
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| Anania, Giovanni. |
| The focus of the paper is on the developments so far and the future of the negotiations on agriculture in the WTO Doha Development Agenda round from the perspective of the European Union. The first part of the paper discusses what happened in the two parallel processes, the domestic agricultural policy reform in the EU and the WTO negotiations, identifying the linkages between CAP reform decisions and developments in the EU negotiation positions. The second part of the paper discusses further changes expected in the relatively near future in the CAP and in regional trade agreements involving the EU, and the perspectives of the WTO negotiations. The main point made is that the changes in domestic agricultural policy which have occurred in the EU (mostly... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7283 |
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| Anania, Giovanni. |
| The focus of the paper is on the developments so far and the future of the negotiations on agriculture in the WTO Doha Development Agenda round from the perspective of the European Union. The first part of the paper discusses what happened in the two parallel processes, the domestic agricultural policy reform in the EU and the WTO negotiations, identifying the linkages between CAP reform decisions and developments in the EU negotiation positions. The second part of the paper discusses further changes expected in the relatively near future in the CAP and in regional trade agreements involving the EU, and the perspectives of the WTO negotiations. The main point made is that the changes in domestic agricultural policy which have occurred in the EU (mostly... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9463 |
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| Anania, Giovanni; Nistico, Rosanna. |
| Most food products can be classified as "credence" goods and regulations exist to provide consumers with a substitute for the lacking information and trust. The paper presents an analysis of the decisions of producers and consumers about a "credence" good in three institutional scenarios, which reflect different levels of credibility of the regulation. The first scenario is a reference scenario in which the regulation is fully credible. In the second case considered there is no regulation, or, if there is, it is totally ineffective. In the third scenario a regulation only partially credible provides consumers with an imperfect substitute for the information and trust they lack. Some of the producers of "low" quality goods share with the producers of "high"... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25924 |
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| Anania, Giovanni. |
| The EU Common Market Organization for bananas has been generating international controversies since its introduction in 1992. Many thought the 'banana war' had come to an end when, at the 2001 WTO Ministerial Conference in Doha, a Decision was taken for the EU to introduce, no later than 1 January 2006, a 'tariff-only regime' which ' would result in at least maintaining total market access for MFN banana suppliers'. However, proposals by the EU for a tariff-only regime have been rejected in a two-step WTO arbitration in 2005 because they were found not to satisfy this requirement. On 1 January 2006 the EU unilaterally introduced a tariff-only regime. The paper presents the main results of a modelling effort aimed at analyzing this policy issue. The... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Q17; Q18; F13; C21; C6; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18854 |
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| Anania, Giovanni. |
| The paper provides a quantitative assessment of the possible market implications of the December 2006 reform of the EU domestic policy regime for bananas. It is shown that, depending on implementation choices to be made at the member country level, the impact of the domestic policy reform on trade can be of a larger order of magnitude than that of the controversial tariff-only regime the EU introduced earlier in the same year. The simulations presented in this paper show that, ceteris paribus, if France, Portugal and Spain decide to decouple payments to their banana producers EU imports will increase by 13% and MFN exports to the EU by 16%; if they decide for a 2005 Memorandum-like option, EU imports still increase by 9% and MFN exports to the EU by 11%. |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9880 |
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| Anania, Giovanni; Pupo D'Andrea, Maria Rosaria. |
| Olive oil is possibly the single globally consumed and traded product most closely linked to the Mediterranean; non-Mediterranean countries account for less than 2.5 per cent of world production. The paper addresses recent trends in the olive oil world market and the current structure of trade. With respect to existing analyses, its value added is in the level of detail at which the analysis of current trade is conducted, in particular by considering bilateral olive oil trade flows disaggregated with respect to its quality. The main conclusion reached is that the key factors for the future of the market are developments in demands and in the imperfectly competitive structure of the industry, while supply factors and expected changes in trade policies,... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6109 |
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| Anania, Giovanni; Pupo D'Andrea, Maria Rosaria. |
| Olive oil is possibly the single globally consumed and traded product most closely linked to the Mediterranean; non-Mediterranean countries account for less than 2.5 per cent of world production. The paper addresses recent trends in the olive oil world market and the current structure of trade. With respect to existing analyses, its value added is in the level of detail at which the analysis of current trade is conducted, in particular by considering bilateral olive oil trade flows disaggregated with respect to its quality. The main conclusion reached is that the key factors for the future of the market are developments in demands and in the imperfectly competitive structure of the industry, while supply factors and expected changes in trade policies,... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9446 |
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| Registros recuperados: 22 | |
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