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| Registros recuperados: 32 | |
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| Tollens, Eric; Demont, Matty; Swennen, Rony. |
| Agricultural production almost needs to double in the 21st century, putting tremendous pressure on agricultural resources. Most food production increases must come from more agricultural intensification in the South. This advances the need for a new green revolution: higher productivity and at the same time less pressure on the environment. Agrobiotechnology can contribute to this double green revolution. Biotechnology innovations are often scale neutral and are therefore suitable for small farmers. Moreover, genetic modification offers especially advantages for crops domesticated since a very long time and which are therefore quite different from their wild relatives. However, agrobiotechnology also engenders risks and dangers, outlined in the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31837 |
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| de Venter, Katrien; Demont, Matty; Tollens, Eric. |
| Through Monte Carlo simulation techniques, all possible scenarios are analyzed of the impact of the potential adoption of genetically modified herbicide tolerant sugar beets on the economics of Belgian sugar beet growers. The most likely gain for the average Belgian sugar beet grower amounts to 125 /ha. Assuming an adoption rate of 75%, this transates into a total benefit foregone of 9 million for Belgian agriculture in the agricultural season 1998-1999. Three quarters of this benefit are absorbed by the farmers, while one quarter, i.e. 3 million, is extracted by the gene developers and seed suppliers. This refutes the argument of a seed industry extracting all benefits from biotechnology innovations. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31847 |
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| Demont, Matty; Wesseler, Justus; Tollens, Eric. |
| The decision of whether to release transgenic crops in the EU is one subject to flexibility, uncertainty, and irreversibility. We analyse the case of herbicide tolerant sugar beet and reassess whether the 1998 de facto moratorium of the EU on transgenic crops for sugar beet was correct from a cost-benefit perspective using a real option approach. We show that the decision was correct, if households value possible annual irreversible costs of herbicide tolerant sugar beet with about 1 E or more on average. On the other hand, the total net private reversible benefits forgone if the de facto moratorium is not lifted are in the order of 169 Mio E per year. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31859 |
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| Demont, Matty; Tollens, Eric. |
| Crop protection is a part of the agricultural production system. In Europe during the past century, this system has been subject to innovation, stemming from the second agricultural revolution of the Modern Time. Today we are on the crossroad of three alternative agricultural systems. Conventional agriculture is the product of the second agricultural revolution. So far, biotechnological agriculture seems to continue these trends. Organic agriculture on the other hand is a reaction on the paradigm of the second agricultural revolution, especially regarding the negative environmental externalities engendered by this revolution. Today, conventional agriculture is under pressure. Two alternatives have emerged: organic and biotechnological agriculture. Which... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Production Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31839 |
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| Demont, Matty; Jouve, Philippe; Stessens, Johan; Tollens, Eric. |
| The literature on the evolution of farming systems in West Africa shows a large diversity of general theories on rural development. The purpose of this study is to revisit the theses of Malthus and Boserup and empirically test them on a case study of Northern Cote dIvoire. We have at our disposal a database spread over three agricultural seasons (1995-1998) and four villages. These villages differ strongly regarding their population density and historical genesis. The comparison between these villages permits us to track down their stage in the evolution of farming systems and to identify population pressure as a key factor of the evolution of farming systems and to identify population pressure as a key factor of the evolution process of farms. Our... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: International Development; Production Economics. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31836 |
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| Demont, Matty; Jouve, Philippe; Stessens, Johan; Tollens, Eric. |
| The literature on the evolution of farming systems in West Africa shows a large diversity of general theories on rural development. The purpose of this study is to revisit the theses of Malthus and Boserup and empirically test them on a case study of Northern Cote d'Ivoire. We have at our disposal a database spread over three agricultural seasons (1995-1998) and three villages. These villages differ strongly regarding their population density and historical genesis. The comparison between these villages permitted to track down their stage in the evolution of farming systems and to identify population pressure as a key factor of the evolution of farming systems and to identify population pressure as a key factor of the evolution process of farms. Our... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31838 |
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| Bezlepkina, Irina V.; Jongeneel, Roelof A.; Brouwer, Floor M.; Dillen, Koen; Meister, Anton D.; Winsten, Jonathan R.; de Roest, Kees; Demont, Matty. |
| The introduction of cross-compliance mechanism in the European Union with its 2003 CAP-reform might affect the costs of production and thus competitiveness of the EU. Little evidence is available to asses the costs of compliance with regulations and it implication for trade. In this study a farm level competitiveness analysis of the impacts of the Nitrate Directive and the Identification & registration Directive focuses on the dairy sector in Germany, France, Italy, Netherlands and UK (within EU), and the US and New Zealand (outside EU). The findings from this study are integrated into a trade analysis which assesses the impact of compliance costs on competitiveness of the various trading nations in global trade. Representative farm studies were used... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Compliance; Dairy sector; GTAP; Livestock Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44153 |
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| Demont, Matty; Tollens, Eric. |
| Since 1995, genetically modified organisms (GMOs) have been introduced commercially into US agriculture. These innovations are developed and commercialised by a handful of vertically coordinated "life science" firms who have fundamentally altered the structure of the seed industry. Enforcement of intellectual property rights (IPRs) for biological innovations has been the major incentive for a concentration tendency in the upstream sector. On the one hand, this monopolisation may increase long-run social welfare through an increased rate of investment in R&D. On the other hand, due to their monopoly power, these firms are capable of charging a "monopoly rent", extracting a part of the total social welfare. A popular argument used by the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31857 |
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| Demont, Matty; Daems, W.; Dillen, Koen; Mathijs, Erik; Sausse, C.; Tollens, Eric. |
| Europe is currently struggling to implement coherent coexistence regulations on genetically modified (GM) and non-GM crops in all EU Member States. We conduct simulations with the software ArcView® on a GIS dataset of a hypothetical case of GM herbicide tolerant oilseed rape cultivation in Central France. Our findings show that rigid coexistence rules, such as large distance requirements, may impose a severe burden on GM crop production in Europe. These rules are not proportional to the farmers’ basic incentives for coexistence and hence not consistent with the objectives of the European Commission. More alarming, we show that in densely planted areas a domino-effect may occur. This effect raises coexistence costs and even adds to the non-proportionality... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Regulation; GIS modelling; Domino-effect; Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43650 |
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| Demont, Matty; Houedjoklounon, Alexandre; Hounhouigan, Joseph; Mahyao, Adolphe; Orkwor, Gabriel; Stessens, Johan; Tollens, Eric; Toure, Moustapha. |
| The present study which started in 1999 is framed in the INCOYAM project. Marketing systems of yam are analyzed in three West- African countries: Cote d'Ivoire, Benin and Nigeria. Surveys have been carried out on urban (wholesales and retailers) and rural (collectors) traders. Cities and production regions have been selected in function of their socio-economic characteristics. As a result, in the three countries data has been collected in an important consumption pole, a commercial redistribution pole and a production pole. The degree of precision of the data varies from one country to another due to asymmetric financing. This situation did not allow establishing an equilibrated comparison of yam marketing systems. The three countries commercialize... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Industrial Organization; Marketing. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31861 |
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| Demont, Matty; Jouve, Philippe; Stessens, Johan; Tollens, Eric. |
| A socio-economic analysis of the farms in four villages of the Dikodougou region (North of Cote d'Ivoire) reviews two debates about the evolution of the farming systems in sub-Saharan Africa. Firstly, the two opposing views in the controversy "Boserup versus Malthus" are complements rather than opposites. In a first phase, demographic pressure causes Malthusian mechanisms (proliferation of weeds, deterioration of the bio-physical environment, of global fertility and of the profitability of the traditional production system) generating favourable conditions for the adoption of ox-drawn farming. In a second phase, the alternation of the production system illustrates well the Boserupian response to a situation where the traditional system is not adapted... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Community/Rural/Urban Development; Production Economics. |
| Ano: 1999 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31833 |
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| Dillen, Koen; Demont, Matty; Tollens, Eric. |
| Although the EU is still in a quasi moratorium stage concerning GM crops, doors for GM crops in the sugar industry seem to open. Herbicide tolerant sugar beet could mean a boost for the sugar beet sector. The ex ante impact assessment shows a created welfare of 15 billion during 1996-2014. The rule of thumb found in ex post impact studies of a sharing out between downstream and upstream sector of 2/3 versus 1/3 is seems to be applicable to this case as well. The sugar beet sector and consumers worldwide are the winners while cane growers lose due to technology eroded world prices. The reform of the EU Common market organization for sugar in 2006 seems to create an incentive for innovation to efficient European sugar producers. Crowding out of inefficient... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9783 |
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| Demont, Matty; Tollens, Eric. |
| We develop a welfare framework, which explicitly recognizes that research protected by intellectual property rights generates monopoly profits. The result is a simulation model, shaped to the European sugar sector, and enabling to assess the size and distribution of the benefits of transgenic sugar beet adoption in the European Union (EU) and the Rest of the World (ROW). Our model results suggest that the ROW captures the largest share of the benefits (53 % of total welfare increase). The EU sugar industry absorbs the next largest share of the benefits (30 %), with the smallest share (17 %) accruing to seed suppliers and gene developers. Since EU intervention prices are exogenously fixed each year, EU consumers do not take part in the distribution of... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Industrial Organization; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31854 |
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| Demont, Matty; Tollens, Eric. |
| In the present paper we estimate the impact of a biotechnology innovation in Spanish agriculture. Transgenic Bt maize offers the potential to control corn borers, that cause economically important losses in Spanish maize cultivation, more efficiently. Since 1998, Syngenta commercializes the variety Compa CB, equivalent to an annual area of 25.000ha, or an average adoption rate of 5,2% of Spains total land allocation to maize. The profit increase engendered by this technological change during the four-year period 1998-2001 is estimated to be E8,4 million for Spanish agriculture and E2,8 million for Syngenta and the seed suppliers. The industry appears to be able to extract only one fourth of the total benefits. The lion share, i.e., three fourth,... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31851 |
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| Registros recuperados: 32 | |
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