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The Energy Balance of Corn Ethanol: An Update AgEcon
Shapouri, Hosein; Duffield, James A.; Wang, Michael Q..
Studies conducted since the late 1970s have estimated the net energy value (NEV) of corn ethanol. However, variations in data and assumptions used among the studies have resulted in a wide range of estimates. This study identifies the factors causing this wide variation and develops a more consistent estimate. We conclude that the NEV of corn ethanol has been rising over time due to technological advances in ethanol conversion and increased efficiency in farm production. We show that corn ethanol is energy efficient as indicated by an energy output:input ratio of 1.34.
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Ethanol; Net energy balance; Corn production; Energy; Crop Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34075
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Well-to-Wheels Energy and Greenhouse Gas Emission Results and Issues of Fuel Ethanol AgEcon
Wang, Michael Q..
The use of fuel ethanol in the United States has increased from fewer than 200 million gallons (gal) at the beginning of the US fuel ethanol program in 1980 to 6.5 billion gal in 2007. The recent federally adopted Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 established the goal of 36 billion gal of biofuel use in the United States by 2022, of which 15 billion gal will be corn-based ethanol. In addition, the promotion of low-carbon fuel standards (LCFS) by California and several other states could help increased use of ethanol, especially cellulosic ethanol. In the United States, corn ethanol is produced through the fermentation of corn in dry and wet milling plants, most of which are located in the Midwest. In 2006, about 82% of the total US fuel ethanol...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49098
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