SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY: FARM-LEVEL, MARKET, AND POLICY CONSIDERATIONS

SANTOS, E. B.; SOUZA, A. da S.; SILVEIRA, D. M. de S.; MENDES, M. I. de S.; SOUZA, K. A. de; VIDAL, Á. M..

A mandioca é uma cultura bastante difundida e importante, principalmente por ser constituinte da base alimentar de populações carentes da América Latina, África e Ásia (OLIVEIRA et al., 2001), além de ter grande importância na indústria alimentícia, na fabricação de amido e rações concentradas para animais, dentre outros produtos (SOUZA et al., 2008). É tradicionalmente propagada por manivas. Entretanto, esta propagação ocasiona baixa produção por causa de dois fatores principais: o envelhecimento fisiológico provocado pela constante multiplicação e a infestação por doenças que são transmitidas por sucessivas gerações (SILVA et al., 2002), o que pode reduzir a qualidade do material de plantio e, consequentemente, a produção de raízes (PIZA; PINHO, 2002)....

Tipo: Parte de livro

Palavras-chave: Reprodução de plantas.; Mandioca; Micropropagação; Biotecnologia.; Cassava; Micropropagation; Plant breeding; Agricultural biotechnology.

Ano: 2013

URL: http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/976982

Van der Sluis, Evert; Diersen, Matthew A.; Dobbs, Thomas L..

This study provides an overview of the economic costs, benefits, and risks involved with agricultural biotechnology at the farm level, at the market level, and for the farm and food system as a whole. Both advantages and disadvantages of agricultural biotechnology are discussed. Among the drivers of U.S. domestic and international consumer demand for transgenic crop products discussed are environmental and food safety concerns. A comparison is made between a "science-based" regulatory framework and a policy based on the precautionary principle. The authors argue that open dialogue is needed for achieving improved public understanding of agricultural biotechnology, and that analyses need to go beyond discussing the scientific merits of biotechnology, to...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Acceptance; Agricultural biotechnology; Benefits; Costs; Public dialogue; Risks; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14654

ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF PURITY STANDARDS IN BIOTECH LABELING LAWS

Giannakas, Konstantinos; Kalaitzandonakes, Nicholas G..

This paper develops a model of heterogeneous consumer preferences to analyze the market and welfare effects of reduced purity standards for non-GM labeled food. Analytical results show that purity standards affect the equilibrium prices and quantities of both the GM and non-GM products as well as the welfare of the groups involved. A change in purity standards is shown to create winners and losers among the consumers as well as among the suppliers of the GM and conventional products.

Effect of salinity stress in Setaria viridis (L.) P. Beauv. accession A10.1 during seed germination and plant development.

Palavras-chave: Agricultural biotechnology; Genetically modified products; Labeling; Purity standards; Consumer/Household Economics.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19393

FERREIRA, T. M. M.; SANTOS, M. de L.; LOPES, C. L.; SOUSA, C. A. F. de; SOUZA JUNIOR, M. T..

Setaria viridis (L.) P. Beauv. is a species proposed to be used as model plant in reverse genetics studies for the validation of gene function. Soil salinity is a recurring problem present in more than a 100 countries worldwide, and approximately 20% of the agricultural land in the world has saline and/or sodium soils. Saline stress affects all the main processes of the plant, such as germination, growth, and, consequently, the yield. The present study aimed at determining the tolerance levels of S. viridis A10.1 to saline stress and identify its potential as a model plant to validate salt-tolerance candidate genes/alleles as well as promoter sequences from salt-responsive genes. In an initial experiment, the seeds of the plant were sown on a germination...

Tipo: Artigo de periódico

Palavras-chave: Estresse abiótico; Agricultura biosalina; Salinidade; Germinação; Biotecnologia; Gene; Setaria viridis; Abiotic stress; Phenomics; Agricultural biotechnology; Salinity.

Ano: 2020

URL: http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1127618

Endogenous R&D Investment and Market Structure: A Case Study of the Agricultural Biotechnology Industry

Anderson, Benjamin; Sheldon, Ian M..

Over the past three decades, the agricultural biotechnology sector has been characterized by rapid innovation, market consolidation, and a more exhaustive definition of property rights. The industry attributes consistently identified by the literature and important to this analysis include: (i) endogenous sunk costs in the form of expenditures on R&D; (ii) seed and agricultural chemical technologies that potentially act as complements within firms and substitutes across firms; and (iii) property rights governing plant and seed varieties that have become more clearly defined since the 1970s. This paper adds to the stylized facts of the agricultural biotechnology industry to include the ability of firms to license technology, a phenomenon observed only...

Genetically Modified Crops and Labor Savings in US Crop Production

Palavras-chave: Licensing; Market structure; R&D; Agricultural biotechnology; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; L22; L24; Q16.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/107832

Gardner, Justin G.; Nelson, Carl H..

In spite of widespread adoption there is mixed evidence as to whether or not adopting Genetically Modified (GM) crops increase farm welfare. One possible reason for widespread adoption is labor savings. Using a treatment effect model we estimate the labor savings associated with adopting a GM crop.

GM-free private standards and their effects on biosafety decision-making in developing countries

Palavras-chave: Genetically modified crops; Agricultural biotechnology; Endogeneity; Treatment effects; Survey weights; Crop Production/Industries.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34919

Gruere, Guillaume P.; Sengupta, Debdatta.

We provide a comprehensive review of international cases where GM-free private standards set up by food companies in developed countries have influenced biosafety policymaking in developing countries. We find twenty-nine cases where private importers have directly or indirectly affected policy decisions in twenty-one countries. Most of the cases relate irrational fear of export losses to excessively precautionary decisions. These cases are based on two generally misleading premises: the belief that Europe or Japan represents the only market for exports, and the perception that non-GM segregation is infeasible or prohibitively costly in all situations. Our study also demonstrates the importance of information asymmetries across countries and agents and the...

Identification of reference genes for expression analysis by real-time quantitative PCR in drought-stressed soybean.

Palavras-chave: Agricultural biotechnology; Private standards; Political economics.; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy; Q17; Q18.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51334

STOLF-MOREIRA, R.; LEMOS, E. G. de M.; ABDELNOOR, R. V.; BENEVENTI, M. A.; ROLLA, A. A. P.; PEREIRA, S. dos S.; OLIVEIRA, M. C. N. de; NEPOMUCENO, A. L.; MARCELINO-GUIMARÃES, F. C..

The objective of this work was to validate, by quantitative PCR in real time (RT-qPCR), genes to be used as reference in studies of gene expression in soybean in drought-stressed trials. Four genes commonly used in soybean were evaluated: GmB-actin, GmGAPDH, GmLectin and GmRNAr18S. Total RNA was extracted from six samples: three from roots in a hydroponic system with different drought intensities (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 minutes of water stress), and three from leaves of plants grown in sand with different soil moistures (15, 5 and 2.5% gravimetric humidity). The raw cycle threshold (Ct) data were analyzed, and the efficiency of each primer was calculated for an overall analysis of the Ct range among the different samples. The GeNorm application was used to...

Tipo: Artigo de periódico

Palavras-chave: Estabilidade de expressão; Expressão gênica; RT-qPCR; Soja; Biotecnologia; Deficiência hídrica; Soybeans; Gene expression; Plant-water relations; Agricultural biotechnology.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/882641

Interferências no agrossistema e riscos ambientais de culturas transgênicas tolerantes a herbicidas e protegidas contra insetos.

SIQUEIRA, J. O.; TRANNIN, I. C. de B.; RAMALHO, M. A. P.; FONTES, E. M. G..

A engenharia genética possibilitou o desenvolvimento de cultivares transgênicas, cuja área plantada em 18 países atinge 67,7 milhões de hectares, principalmente de cultivares tolerantes a herbicidas e protegidas contra insetos-praga. Mesmo após rigorosa avaliação de riscos, o plantio dessas cultivares tem despertado preocupação com impactos ambientais, como escape gênico e efeitos na biodiversidade. Considerando o milho e a soja, o risco de fluxo gênico horizontal é remoto pela inexistência de espécies silvestres compatíveis, existindo esse risco para algodão em certas regiões do Brasil. O escape gênico para lavouras convencionais pode ocorrer, mas pode ser evitado por isolamento dos cultivos. Outra preocupação é o impacto de cultivares expressando...

Tipo: Artigo de periódico

Palavras-chave: Organismos geneticamente modificados (OGMs); Biotecnologia agrícola; Plantas transgênicas; Proteínas Cry; Tolerância a herbicida; Organismos do solo; Fluxo gênico; Genetically modified organisms (GMOs); Cry proteins; Herbicide tolerance; Soil organisms.; Biossegurança; Entomofauna; Impacto Ambiental.; Agricultural biotechnology; Gene flow; Environmental impact; Biosafety; Transgenic plants..

Ano: 2004

URL: http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/110861

Knowledge Capital, Intangible Assets, and Leverage: Evidence from U.S. Agricultural Biotechnology Firms

Sporleder, Thomas L.; Moss, Leeann E..

Agricultural biotechnology firms are high technology companies. Firms in general, and high technology firms in particular, are a set of both assets in place and growth opportunities. This has important implications for managerial decision-making. Knowledge capital motivates exploitation of growth options, which affects firm cash flow. In turn, the level and volatility of firm cash flow influences firm financing decisions. Previous studies suggest that knowledge capital can influence both the location and capital structure of firms in the biotechnology industry. However, empirical analysis has not extended to agricultural biotechnology firms. This research helps in understanding the role of knowledge capital and other intangible assets in capital structure...

Tipo: Journal Article

Palavras-chave: Capital structure; Agricultural biotechnology; Knowledge capital; Intangible assets; Agribusiness.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8123

Managing agricultural biotechnology in Colombia

Electron. J. Biotechnol.

Schuler,Ingrid; Orozco,Luis Antonio.

The international scenario for biotechnology shows a rapid tendency at industrialized countries in the increase of publications, patents, enterprises and novel solutions for the industry, the environment, health and agriculture. Nevertheless, Colombia has an important delay in relation to the international scientific development and the capacity to generate wealth and services for its productive systems. This delay has been one of the concerns of the country's policy during the last years, and more precisely since 2002, when for the first time biotechnology was included in a National Development Plan as one of the mechanisms for competitiveness and the use of biodiversity and genetic resources. This paper is the result of a survey conducted in 2005 aimed...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Agricultural biotechnology; Indicators; Legislation; Policies; Public perception..

Ano: 2007

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582007000300001

Melhoramento de Precisão: aplicações e perspectivas na genética de plantas.

Modulation of gene expression in plants via CRISPR/dCas9 technology.

O melhoramento na era de agricultura de precisão; Gestão otimizada dos programas; Empreendedorismo e inovação; Ciência de dados; Inteligência artificial; Pesquisa operacional; Internet das coisas; Ambientômica; Fenômica; Genômica; Speed breeding; Edição de genoma.

Tipo: Livros

Palavras-chave: Inteligência artifical; Agricultura de Precisão; Melhoramento Genético Vegetal; Automação; Biotecnologia; Precision agriculture; Plant genetic resources; Artificial intelligence; Agricultural biotechnology.

Ano: 2023

URL: http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1155985

Plant antimicrobial peptides: an overview of superSAGE transcriptional profile and a functional review.

MORGANTE, C. V.; ARRAES, F. B. M.; MOREIRA-PINTO, C. E; MELO, B. P.; SA, M. F. G. de.

This chapter discusses CRISPR technology using the dead Cas9 variant (CRISPR/ dCas9), emphasizing on its use for modulating gene expression in plants. The main strategies currently used are presented and discussed, for which a script was proposed, considering the main aspects for a good experimental design.

Tipo: Parte de livro

Palavras-chave: CRISPR; CRISPR Cas; Expressão gênica; Genoma da planta; Sistema dCas9; Biotecnologia; DNA; Genoma; Melhoramento Genético Vegetal; Agricultural biotechnology; Genetic engineering.

Ano: 2021

URL: http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1132006

PUBLIC OPINION OF AGBIOTECH IN THE US AND UK: A CONTENT ANALYSIS APPROACH

KIDO, E. A.; PANDOLFI, V.; HOULLOU-KIDO, L. M.; ANDRADE, F. C.; MARCELINO, F. C.; NEPOMUCENO, A. L.; ABDELNOOR, R. V.; BURNQUIST, W. L.; BENKO-ISEPPON, A. M..

Defensin, thionin and lipid transfer protein (LTP) gene families, which antimicrobial activity has an attractive use in protein engineering and transgenic production of agronomically important plants, have been here functionally reviewed. Also, a transcriptional overview of plant SuperSAGE libraries and analysis of 26 bp tags possibly annotated for those families are presented. Tags differentially expressed (p < 0.05) or constitutively transcribed were identified from leaves or roots from SuperSAGE libraries from important Brazilian plant crops [cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) and modern sugarcane hybrids (Saccharum spp.)] submitted to abiotic [salt (100 mM NaCl) or drought] or biotic stresses [fungus inoculation...

Tipo: Separatas

Palavras-chave: Expressão gênica; PR proteins; Defensin; Thionin; Lipid transfer protein.; Biotecnologia; Soja; Feijão; Cana de açúcar; Genoma; Stress.; Soybeans; Agricultural biotechnology; Genomics; Cowpeas; Sugarcane.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/875446

Kalaitzandonakes, Nicholas G.; Marks, Leonie A..

In this paper we use content analysis to show trend in public opinion of agrobiotechnology in the United Kingdom (UK) and the United States (US). We test for the degree of positive and negative content in mass media reporting over the period 1995-1998. Specifically, we test whether there are qualitative and quantitative differences between three national daily newspapers - the Daily Telegraph (UK), USA Today (US), and the Washington Post (US) - based on reporting of agrobiotechnology. Results indicate that content has become more negative in the UK over the time period while reporting the US has not significantly changed. Results indicate that both the BSE and Pusztai crises had an impact on the proportion of negative reporting in the Daily Telegraph.

PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS IN AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH: AN ANALYSIS OF CHALLENGES FACING INDUSTRY AND THE CONSULTATIVE GROUP ON INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH

Palavras-chave: Content analysis; Mass media reporting; Agricultural biotechnology; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21678

Spielman, David J.; von Grebmer, Klaus.

Public-private partnerships offer potentially important opportunities for pro-poor agricultural research in developing countries. Yet in the international agricultural research community--and with regard to the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) itself--we see few examples of successful public-private partnerships, and fewer examples where such collaborations have contributed to food security, poverty reduction and economic growth. This study assesses the opportunities for, and challenges to, creating and sustaining public-private partnerships between the international agricultural research centers of the CGIAR and leading multinational, research-based agribusiness companies. The study hypothesizes that the willingness and...

Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper

Palavras-chave: Public-private partnership; Collaborative research; Private sector; Multinational firms; Agricultural research and development; Agricultural biotechnology; Intellectual property rights; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/16089

Research Investments and Market Structure in the Food Processing, Agricultural Input, and Biofuel Industries Worldwide

Fuglie, Keith O.; Heisey, Paul W.; King, John L.; Day-Rubenstein, Kelly A.; Schimmelpfennig, David E.; Wang, Sun Ling.

Meeting growing global demand for food, fiber, and biofuel requires robust investment in agricultural research and development (R&D) from both public and private sectors. This study examines global R&D spending by private industry in seven agricultural input sectors, food manufacturing, and biofuel and describes the changing structure of these industries. In 2007 (the latest year for which comprehensive estimates are available), the private sector spent $19.7 billion on food and agricultural research (56 percent in food manufacturing and 44 percent in agricultural input sectors) and accounted for about half of total public and private spending on food and agricultural R&D in high-income countries. In R&D related to biofuel, annual...

Tipo: Technical Report

Palavras-chave: Agricultural biotechnology; Agricultural chemicals; Agricultural inputs; Animal breeding; Animal health; Animal nutrition; Aquaculture; Biofuel; Concentration ratio; Crop breeding; Crop protection; Farm machinery; Fertilizers; Herfindahl index; Globalization; Market share; Market structure; Research intensity; Seed improvement; Productivity Analysis.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120324

Resumos...

ENCONTRO DE PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA DA EMBRAPA ALGODÃO, 15., 2020, Campina Grande..

Desempenho de genótipo de gergelim inoculado com Bacillus subtilis sob déficit hídrico; Cultivares de amendoim inoculados com Bradyrhizobium sp. Em duas condições hídricas; Efeito do líquido da castanha do caju sobre Anthonomus grandis boheman, 1843 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae); Efeito de agrotóxicos sobre Chrysoperla externa hagen, 1861 (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae); Estudo de resistência de Eleusine indica aos herbicidas glyphosate e clethodim no médio-norte Mato-grossense; Uso de augmentorium para manejo do bicudo-do-algodoeiro e promoção do controle biológico; Atualização do aplicativo Gotas para calibração de deposição em pulverizações agrícolas; Resistência a herbicidas do grupo das imidazolinonas induzida por agente mutagênico nas sementes do algodoeiro;...

Tipo: Anais e Proceedings de eventos

Palavras-chave: Pesquisa Agrícola; Agricultura; Tecnologia; Tecnologia Agrícola; Agricultural research; Agriculture; Agricultural biotechnology.

Ano: 2020

URL: http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1126242

Rethinking the Risk Management Process for Genetically Engineered Crop Varieties in Small-scale, Traditionally Based Agriculture

Ecology and Society

Cleveland, David A; University of California, Santa Barbara; cleveland@es.ucsb.edu; Soleri, Daniela; University of California, Santa Barbara; soleri@es.ucsb.edu.

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports

Palavras-chave: Agricultural biotechnology; Biological diversity; Biological invasion; Crop genetic resources; Farmer participation in risk evaluation; Gene flow; Genetic engineering; Risk analysis; Risk management process; Traditionally based agricultural systems compared with industrial agriculture systems; Transgenes; Transgenic crop varieties.

Ano: 2005

SIZE AND DISTRIBUTION OF MARKET BENEFITS FROM ADOPTING BIOTECH CROPS