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Adherence to acute otitis media treatment guidelines among primary health care providers in Israel 55
Shviro-Roseman,Noa; Reuveni,Haim; Gazala,Eli; Leibovitz,Eugene.
AIMS: To determine the appropriateness of the acute otitis media antibiotic treatment prescribed in the community in relation to the therapeutic guidelines. METHODS: Children aged 3 months-3 years diagnosed with simple uncomplicated acute otitis media in 6 community primary care clinics were enrolled. Data on the antibiotic treatment were collected using computerized medical files. RESULTS: 689 simple uncomplicated acute otitis media patients were enrolled; 597 (86.9%) were treated with antibiotics by 38 family medicine practitioners, 12 pediatricians and 7 general practitioners. 461 (77.2%) patients were <2 years of age. Amoxicillin was administered to 540 (90.5%) patients, with no differences between the various medical specialties. 127/540 (23.5%)...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Acute otitis media; Antibiotics; Physicians; Communit.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702014000400355
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An alternative for antibiotic se in poultry: probiotics 89
Edens,FW.
Over the past 50 years, there has been increasing amounts of antibiotics used prophylactically and as growth promoters. Today, there is a consumer and governmental outcry to eliminate that practice from poultry and livestock production. Evidence has been accumulated to show that there is a link between risk of zoonotic disease and growth promoting antibiotic usage in livestock and poultry. Therefore, alternatives to the use of growth promoting antibiotics must be found to promote growth or production at or near the genetic potential of the modern day broiler, turkey, and egg producer. The use of probiotics has many potential benefits and include modified host metabolism, immuno-stimulation, anti-inflammatory reactions, exclusion and killing of pathogens in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Antibiotic resistance; Benefits; Characteristics; Chickens; Defined culture; Functions; History; Human health risk; Mechanism of action; Probiotics; Turkeys; Undefined culture; Zoonotic disease.
Ano: 2003 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2003000200001
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AN EQUILIBRIUM ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF ANTIBIOTICS BANS ON INVESTMENT IN APPLE ORCHARDS 31
Hennessy, David A.; Roosen, Jutta.
The decision to replant a fire blight-susceptible apple orchard is analyzed. Embedding the problem into an equilibrium framework facilitates the welfare analysis of changes in orchard survival probabilities arising from a ban on antibiotics use. We estimate the structural impacts and welfare changes of the ban.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Apple orchard; Dynamics; Equilibrium; Replanting; Resistance; Truncated Poisson process; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1999 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21698
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ANTAGONISTIC EFFECT OF EDIBLE MUSHROOM EXTRACT ON CANDIDA ALBICANS GROWTH 58
Paccola,Edneia A. de Souza; Maki,Cristina Sayuri; Nobrega,Gisele M.A. de; Paccola-Meirelles,Luzia Doretto.
Five species of edible mushrooms, Lentinula edodes, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pholiota nameko, Macrolepiota bonaerensis and Agaricus blazei, were tested for their potential to inhibit the in vitro growth of the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans. Only L. edodes had a fungistatic effect on this human pathogen. The inhibitory compound was produced intra and extracellularly in submersed L. edodes culture, and was also present in fresh and dehydrated mushroom basidiocarps. The fungistatic compound was heat sensitive and lost activity after 72 hours.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other Palavras-chave: Mushrooms; Antibiotics; Candidiasis; Fungistatic effect.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822001000300003
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Antibacterial potential of a basic phospholipase A2(VRV-PL-VIIIa) from Daboia russelii pulchella (Russell's viper) venom 80
Sudharshan,Shivalingaiah; Dhananjaya,Bhadrapura Lakkappa.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Snake venom; Bactericidal; Antibiotics; Drug; Human pathogenic bacteria.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992015000100322
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ANTIBIOTIC PRODUCTION BY STREPTOMYCES HYGROSCOPICUS D1.5: CULTURAL EFFECT 59
Bhattacharyya,Barun K.; Pal,Sushil C.; Sen,Sukanta K..
In an attempt to screen out new potent antibiotic producers from soil, Streptomyces hygroscopicus D1.5 was isolated and was found antagonistic to both bacteria and fungi. It could utilise arginine as nitrogen source and glycerol as carbon source at 0.75 g/l and 11.5 g/l level, respectively for maximum antibiotic yield.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Fermentation; Streptomyces.
Ano: 1998 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37141998000300003
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Antibiotic resistance and integrons in Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) 58
Colello,Rocío; Etcheverría,Analía I.; Conza,Jose A. Di; Gutkind,Gabriel O.; Padola,Nora L..
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) cause hemorrhagic colitis (HC) and hemolytic-uremic syndrome in humans (HUS). Cattle are the main reservoir of STEC and transmission to humans occurs through contaminated food and water. Antibiotics are used in pig production systems to combat disease and improve productivity and play a key role in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes to the bacteria. Integrons have been identified in resistant bacteria allowing for the acquisition and dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes. STEC strains isolated from humans and animals have developed antibiotic resistance. In our laboratory, 21 non-157 STEC strains isolated from pigs were analyzed to detect class 1 and 2 integrons by PCR. Eight carried...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: STEC; Integrons; Multiresistance; Antibiotics; Public health.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822015000100001
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Antibiotic susceptibility of Moraxella bovis recovered from outbreaks of Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis in Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay between 1974 and 2001 58
Conceição,Fabricio Rochedo; Bertoncelli,Diane Maria; Storch,Otávio Brod; Paolicchi,Fernando; Cobo,Ana Lia; Gil-Turnes,Carlos.
Antibiotic susceptibility of thirty Moraxella bovis strains recovered from outbreaks of Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK) in Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay between 1974 and 2001 was determined using the Kirby-Bauer and the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) methods. Our results suggest that most strains were susceptible to the antibiotics used in the treatment of IBK, and that the antibiotic susceptibility of M. bovis varied with the geographical region and period of recovery.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Moraxella bovis; Antibiotics; MIC; Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis; IBK.
Ano: 2004 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822004000300018
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Antibiotics for the empirical treatment of acute infectious diarrhea in children 55
Diniz-Santos,Daniel R.; Silva,Luciana R.; Silva,Nanci.
While the routine use of antibiotics for infectious diarrhea in children must be avoided, because it brings little benefit in most cases and is associated with the risk of increasing antimicrobial resistance, selected cases may require antimicrobial therapy, and the choice of the antimicrobial agent often has to be made empirically. Physicians prescribing antimicrobials in such a setting have not only to be aware of the most likely pathogens, but also of their characteristic antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and the safety profile of the various drugs. We reviewed the literature on the use of ampicillin, beta-lactamase inhibitors, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, tetracyclines, nalidixic acid, fluoroquinolones, third-generation...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Diarrhea; Antibiotics; Children; Treatment.
Ano: 2006 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702006000300011
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Antibiotics produced by Streptomyces 55
Procópio,Rudi Emerson de Lima; Silva,Ingrid Reis da; Martins,Mayra Kassawara; Azevedo,João Lúcio de; Araújo,Janete Magali de.
Streptomyces is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria that grows in various environments, and its shape resembles filamentous fungi. The morphological differentiation of Streptomyces involves the formation of a layer of hyphae that can differentiate into a chain of spores. The most interesting property of Streptomyces is the ability to produce bioactive secondary metabolites, such as antifungals, antivirals, antitumorals, anti-hypertensives, immunosuppressants, and especially antibiotics. The production of most antibiotics is species specific, and these secondary metabolites are important for Streptomyces species in order to compete with other microorganisms that come in contact, even within the same genre. Despite the success of the discovery of antibiotics,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Streptomyces; Antibiotics; Resistance; Infection.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702012000500011
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Antimicrobial activity of hydroalcoholic extracts from genipap, baru and taruma 65
Santos,Fabíola Brandão dos; Ramos,Maria Isabel Lima; Miyagusku,Luciana.
ABSTRACT: Microbial resistance is a serious public health problem, which has led to the search for alternative treatments to replace antibiotics, including studies to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of species in Brazil’s Cerrado. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of hydroalcoholic extracts of genipap, baru, and taruma against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans using disc diffusion tests and microdilution. Results indicated that all genipap extracts showed inhibition zones and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum microbicidal concentrations (MMCs) ranging between 150μg/mL and 940μg/mL against all microorganisms tested. Baru pulp extracts...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Cerrado fruits; Antibiotics; Genipa americana; Dipteryx alata; Vitex cymosa.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782017000800456
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Antimicrobial properties of sclerotiorin, isocHromophilone VI and pencolide, metabolites from a Brazilian cerrado isolate of Penicillium sclerotiorum van Beyma 58
Lucas,Esther M.F.; Castro,Mateus C. Monteiro de; Takahashi,Jacqueline A..
As a part of a research program that aims to identify antibacterial and antifungal substances from fungus specimen of Brazilian's cerrado soil samples, Penicillium sclerotiorum was identified as a source of secondary metabolites possessing antibiotic activities. This microorganism was cultured in a liquid medium rich in glucose for fifteen days. The resulting ethyl acetate extract was chemically fractionated leading to the isolation of three metabolites pencolide, sclerotiorin and isochromophilone VI. The antimicrobial disc assay activity of these substances towards Candida albicans, Streptomyces pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli was performed. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the compounds was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Sclerotiorin; Isocromophilone VI; Pencolide; Antibiotics; Penicillium sclerotiorum.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822007000400036
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Antimicrobial susceptibility of Clostridium perfringens strains isolated from broiler chickens 58
Silva,R. O. S.; Salvarani,F.M.; Assis,R.A.; Martins,N.R.S.; Pires,P.S.; Lobato,F.C.F..
Clostridium perfringens is a normal inhabitant of the intestinal tract of chickens as well as a potential pathogen that causes necrotic enteritis and colangio hepatitis. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of seven different compounds used for therapy, growth promotion or prevention of coccidiosis was determined by agar dilution method for 55 C. perfringens strains isolated from the intestines of broiler chickens. All strains showed high susceptibility to penicillin, avilamycin, monensin and narasin. Only 7.3% of the strains showed an intermediated sensitivity to lincomycin, and 49 (89.1%) were considered susceptible. For tetracycline and bacitracin, 41.8% and 47.3% of strains, respectively, were considered resistant.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Necrotic enteritis; Growth promoters; Anticoccidials; Antibiotics.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822009000200010
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Assessment of an intervention aimed at early discontinuation of intravenous antimicrobial therapy in a Brazilian University hospital 55
Bonella,Gislaine Ferraresi; Fontes,Astrídia Marília de Souza; Jorge,Miguel Tanús; Silveira,Alexandre Barcelos Morais da.
Abstract Many interventions demonstrate success in adapting the duration of intravenous antibiotic therapy, but few studies have been conducted in developing countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention in the induction of early discontinuation of intravenous antimicrobial therapy and/or its switch to oral therapy. The study employed a before–after intervention design that consisted of displaying a message in the computerized prescription on the third day and suspension of the prescription on the fifth day of intravenous antimicrobial therapy. A total of 465 patients were followed during the control period (CP) and 440 in the intervention period (IP). The intravenous therapy was switched to oral therapy for 11...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Intravenous administration; Oral administration; Inappropriate prescribing.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702016000500462
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Bacterias antárticas y agentes antibacterianos 20
Dominguez, M..
La Antártica se ha constituido en una región de gran interés científico debido a las condiciones extremas que allí se presentan, en especial, de temperatura y radiación ultravioleta. En el campo de la microbiología, las investigaciones se han enfocado, principalmente, en el estudio de la biodiversidad bacteriana, lo que ha llevado a la descripción de nuevas especies, y también gran interés ha despertado la producción de compuestos con aplicaciones biotecnológicas. Entre éstos se encuentran los que pudieran presentar actividad antibacteriana, de gran importancia debido a que uno de los mayores problemas de los últimos años es la emergencia de patógenos intrahospitalarios con una amplia resistencia a los agentes antibacterianos disponibles, no existiendo...
Tipo: Journal Contribution Palavras-chave: Bacteria; Antibiotics; Antibiotics; Bacteria; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_492; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_765.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/3365
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Biodiversity of Antimicrobial-Producing Actinomycetes Strains Isolated from Dry Dipterocarp Forest Soil in Northeast Thailand 52
Chanthasena,Panjamaphon; Nantapong,Nawarat.
The increasing use of antibiotics has led to the development of drug-resistant microorganisms. The emergence of resistant strains has compromised the treatment and control of infectious diseases. As a result, the search and development of a novel class of antibiotic drugs are required. Actinomycetes have been recognized as a richest source of secondary metabolites including antibiotics. The aim of this study was to investigate the diversity of antibiotic-producing soil Actinomycetes from dry dipterocarp forest in Northeast of Thailand. The soil from this area has been known for its poor in nutrients and highly acidic with pH values around 4.5. In such a harsh condition, soil-inhabiting Actinomycetes elevate their protective mechanisms by inducing the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Soil bacteria; Antibiotics; Actinomycetes; Streptomyces.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132016000100417
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Bud Necrosis:Bud Necrosis: A Disease of Groundnut Caused by Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus 30
D.V.R..
Palavras-chave: Necrosis; ELISA; Groundnuts; Sucrose; Amines; Insecticides; Cytoplasmic organelles; Poultry equipment; Viruses; Antibiotics.
Ano: 1990 URL: http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/openaccess/?q=node/4665
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Caractérisation préliminaire à partir de la lagune de Bizerte (Tunisie) des bactéries tolérantes aux hydrocarbures aromatiques polycliques (HAPS) 20
Duran, R.; El Bour, M.; Ben Said, O.; Goni, M. S.; Dalleli, M.; Aissa, P..
م إنجاز هذه الدراسة لهدف عَزَلَ بَكْتِيريَا قادرة على استعمالتم إنجاز هذه الدراسة لهدف عَزَلَ بَكْتِيريَا قادرة على استعمال الهيدروكربنات و مقاومة للمعادن والمضادات الحيوية و في هذا الإطار تم أخذ عينات من الماء و التربة على مستوى 16محطة موزعة ببحيرة بنزرت. كما تم عزل البكتيريا بطريقة الإثراء باستعمال وسط مائي معدني زائد هيدروكربنات (fluoranthène) وقد توصلنا في عملية أولية من عزل 130 من الأجذال المختلفة من البكتيريا والتي تم تعريفها عبر الخاصيات الشكلية و البيوكيميائية. وأثبتت النتائج الأولية أن البكتيريا القادرة على استعمال الهيدروكربنات تنتمي لمجموعات مختلفةGram – و Gram+ على التَّوَالِي بنسبتي 65% و 35 %. وتضم مجموعة البكتيريا من نوع العصيات Gram – أكبر عدد من الأجذال المعزولة (74 %). ختاما نشير أن دراسة قدرة الأجذال على مقاومة المعادن...
Tipo: Journal Contribution Palavras-chave: Bacteria; Antibiotics; Biodegradation; Control resistance; Heavy metals; Hydrocarbons; Pollution monitoring; Antibiotics; Biodegradation; Heavy metals; Hydrocarbons; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_492; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_9261; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2223; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3719.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/4257
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CATTLE ON FEED EVALUATION, PART II: FEEDLOT HEALTH MANAGEMENT REPORT 31
Dargatz, David.
The NAHMS Cattle on Feed Evaluation (COFE) was designed to provide both participants and the industry with information on the nation's feedlot animal population for education and research. The USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) collaborated with NAHMS to select a statistically valid producer sample (3,214 producers) to provide inferences to the nation's feedlot animal population. Included in the study were 13 states that accounted for 85.8 percent of the U.S. cattle-on-feed inventory as of January 1, 1994. State and Federal Veterinary Medical Officers (VMO's) collected data from feedlots of 1,000 head or more capacity through personal interviews from October 3 through December 21, 1994, for Part II. Contact for this paper: David...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: NAHMS; Beef; Feedlot cattle; Antibiotics; Injections; Vaccinations; Parasites; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1995 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32759
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Challenges in the development of drugs for the treatment of tuberculosis 55
Shehzad,Adeeb; Rehman,Gauhar; Ul-Islam,Mazhar; Khattak,Waleed Ahmad; Lee,Young Sup.
Tuberculosis infection is a serious human health threat and the early 21st century has seen a remarkable increase in global tuberculosis activity. The pathogen responsible for tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which adopts diverse strategies in order to survive in a variety of host lesions. These survival mechanisms make the pathogen resistant to currently available drugs, a major contributing factor in the failure to control the spread of tuberculosis. Multiple drugs are available for clinical use and several potential compounds are being screened, synthesized, or evaluated in preclinical or clinical studies. Lasting and effective achievements in the development of anti-tuberculosis drugs will depend largely on the proper understanding of the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Drug resistance; Tuberculosis; Pathogen.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702013000100012
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