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Registros recuperados: 63
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An efficient system for in vitro propagation of Bouchea fluminensis (Vell.) Mold. (Verbenaceae) Acta Botanica
Resende,Cristiano Ferrara de; Braga,Virgínia Fernandes; Silva,Cristiane Jovelina da; Pereira,Paula da Fonseca; Ribeiro,Cleberson; Salimena,Fátima Regina Gonçalves; Peixoto,Paulo Henrique Pereira.
This study aimed to establish and propagate in vitro plants of Bouchea fluminensis, a medicinal species known in Brazil as gervão-falso ("false verbena"), evaluating the influences of different growth regulators on in vitro multiplication and rooting stages, as well as examining ex vitro acclimatization of rooted plants. Explants were established on Murashige and Skoog medium at half strength of salts and vitamins without growth regulators. For multiplication, the explants were subjected to combinations of 6-benzyladenine (BA; 0, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 µM) and α-naphthalene-acetic acid (NAA; 0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 µM). The medium found to induce the greatest number of shoot was that containing 5 µM of BA (NAA-free). For rooting, we evaluated three auxins (NAA,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Micropropagation; Biodiversity conservation; Espinhaço Mountain Range.
Ano: 2014 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062014000200005
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Aspects of the biology and morphology of Dirphia dolosa Bouvier, 1929 (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae: Hemileucinae) Biota Neotropica
Specht,Alexandre; Fronza,Edegar; Colombi,Evandro Emanoel; Formentini,Aline Carraro; Corseuil,Elio.
Dirphia dolosa Bouvier, 1929 is an endemic moth from southern Brazil, with available information restricted to occurrence data, natural host plant and adult morphology. This study describes bionomic peculiarities of this species, obtained from observations of larval aggregations in the field and in the laboratory. Data on all developmental stages are presented and compared with those of other Hemileucinae. D. dolosa present a facultative pupal diapause and may have two generations per year under the climatic conditions of the Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Atlantic Forest; Biodiversity conservation; Development; Myrsinaceae.
Ano: 2012 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032012000400001
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Assessing the potential for synergy in the implementation of Payment for Environmental Services (PES) programs: an empirical analysis in Costa Rica AgEcon
Zhang, Wei; Pagiola, Stefano.
Payment for environmental services (PES) is a promising mechanism for conservation. It also has the potential to contribute to social objectives such as poverty reduction. To promote synergy in the implementation of PES, however, a number of conditions on spatial, economic, ecological, and institutional feasibilities are essential. This study discusses factors affecting the synergy prospect of PES and provides a simple framework for assessing the potential for synergy in the implementation of PES, focusing on spatial correlation of thematic areas and funding availability for payments. We apply the framework to an empirical analysis of the “water funding” in Costa Rica, a new conservation financing source generated by water tariff revenue and will be...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Payment for Environmental Services (PES); Synergy; Poverty reduction; Watershed conservation; Biodiversity conservation; Costa Rica; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51794
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BEHAVIOURS OF CONSERVATION ORGANIZATIONS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS. Analysis based on New (and not so new) Institutional Economics AgEcon
Tisdell, Clement A..
This article draws mostly (but not entirely) on new institutional economics to consider the likely behaviours of non-government conservation organizations and the implications of these behaviours for biodiversity conservation. It considers how institutional factors may result in behaviour of conservation NGOs diverging from their objectives, including their support for biodiversity conservation; examines aspects of rent capture and conservation alliances; specifies social factors that may restrict the diversity of species supported by NGOs for conservation; considers bounded rationality in relation to the operation of conservation NGOs; and using game theory, shows how competition between NGOs for funding can result in economic inefficiencies and narrow...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Australia; Biodiversity conservation; Bounded rationality; Civil society; Common Agricultural Policy; European Union; Landcare; Mixed goods; New institutional economics; New Zealand; NGOs; Principal-and-agent problem; Political acceptability; Environmental Economics and Policy; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Political Economy; Q00; Q2; Q5; Q57; Z13.
Ano: 2008 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6185
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Between Conservationism, Eco-Populism and Developmentalism: Discourses in Biodiversity Policy in Thailand and Indonesia AgEcon
Wittmer, Heidi; Birner, Regina.
The present paper analyzes the role of discourse in conflicts concerning nature conservation in tropical countries. We focus on the contested question as to whether and to which extent local communities should be allowed to live and use resources inside protected areas. Applying the concepts of belief-systems, story-lines and discourse coalitions, we analyze two empirical case studies dealing with this conflict: The first case study is concerned with a policy process at the national level that aimed at passing a community forestry law in Thailand to make the establishment of community forests in protected areas possible. The second case study deals with the proposed resettlement of a village from the Lore Lindu National Park in Sulawesi, Indonesia. In both...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Discourse; Biodiversity conservation; Protected area management; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/42490
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Beyond Economic Efficiency in Biodiversity Conservation AgEcon
Gatzweiler, Franz W.; Volkmann, Jorg.
This paper aims at explaining the importance of the democracy stance as compared to the efficiency stance in order to deal with complexity in biodiversity conservation. While the efficiency stance refers to the realm of relatively simple systems, individual rationality, and instrumental values, the complexity stance transcends these boundaries into the realm of complex systems, social rationality and intrinsic values. We argue that the task of biodiversity conservation is impossible to achieve in economically efficient ways, because (a) it is impossible to come to a (fully informed) complete account of all values, not only because it is costly but also because (b) moral values are involved which (by their nature) exclude themselves from being accounted...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Biodiversity conservation; Efficiency; Complexity; Values; Institutions; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; B52; Q51; Q57.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7704
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Biodiversity Conservation in Southeast Asian Timber Concessions: a Critical Evaluation of Policy Mechanisms and Guidelines Ecology and Society
Dennis, Rona A; Center for International Forestry Research; rdennis@hn.ozemail.com.au; Meijaard, Erik; The Nature Conservancy; Australian National University; emeijaard@TNC.ORG; Gustafsson, Lena; Swedish University of Agricultural Science; Lena.Gustafsson@nvb.slu.se.
Tropical deforestation is leading to a loss of economically productive timber concessions, as well as areas with important environmental or socio-cultural values. To counteract this threat in Southeast Asia, sustainable forest management (SFM) practices are becoming increasingly important. We assess the tools and guidelines that have been developed to promote SFM and the progress that has been made in Southeast Asia toward better logging practices. We specifically focus on practices relevant to biodiversity issues. Various regional or national mechanisms now inform governments and the timber industry about methods to reduce the impact of production forestry on wildlife and the forest environment. However, so many guidelines have been produced that it has...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Biodiversity conservation; Certification; Logging Southeast Asia; Sustainable forest management; Timber production.
Ano: 2008
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Biologically representative and well-connected marine reserves enhance biodiversity persistence in conservation planning ArchiMer
Magris, Rafael A.; Andrello, Marco; Pressey, Robert L.; Mouillot, David; Dalongeville, Alicia; Jacobi, Martin N.; Manel, Stephanie.
Current methods in conservation planning for promoting the persistence of biodiversity typically focus on either representing species geographic distributions or maintaining connectivity between reserves, but rarely both, and take a focal species, rather than a multispecies, approach. Here, we link prioritization methods with population models to explore the impact of integrating both representation and connectivity into conservation planning for species persistence. Using data on 288 Mediterranean fish species with varying conservation requirements, we show that: (1) considering both representation and connectivity objectives provides the best strategy for enhanced biodiversity persistence and (2) connectivity objectives were fundamental to enhancing...
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: Biodiversity conservation; Larval dispersal; Marine protected areas; Marine reserve design; Spatial planning; Spatial prioritization.
Ano: 2018 URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00454/56593/74958.pdf
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Community structure and tree diversity in a subtropical forest in southern Brazil Biota Neotropica
Bordin,Kauane Maiara; Ferreira,Letícia Daiana; Rosina,Adriano; Malacarne,Marciana; Zanotelli,Patricia; Adami,Samuel Fernando; Vendruscolo,Giovana Secretti.
Abstract: Local and regional environmental variations lead to different species composition, creating transitional areas. An example is the Araucaria and Seasonal forest in southern Brazil. Our objectives were (1) to describe the tree community structure and composition of a subtropical forest in southern Brazil and (2) to compare the floristic relationships between two forest typologies (Araucaria and Seasonal forest) in order to characterize the study area and the distribution patterns of tree species. We conducted a survey at Chapecó National Forest (in southern Brazil) in an area of 1.2 ha, where all individuals ≥ 30 cm of circumference at breast height were sampled. Community structure was described using the traditional phytosociological parameters....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Araucaria forest; Biodiversity conservation; Floristic similarity; Phytosociology; Seasonal forest; Transitional forest.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032019000200208
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Community-Based Conservation and Traditional Ecological Knowledge: Implications for Social-Ecological Resilience Ecology and Society
Our review highlights how traditional ecological knowledge influences people's adaptive capacity to social-ecological change and identifies a set of mechanisms that contribute to such capacity in the context of community-based biodiversity conservation initiatives. Twenty-three publications, including twenty-nine case studies, were reviewed with the aim of investigating how local knowledge, community-based conservation, and resilience interrelate in social-ecological systems. We highlight that such relationships have not been systematically addressed in regions where a great number of community conservation initiatives are found; and we identify a set of factors that foster people's adaptive capacity to social-ecological change and a number of social...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Adaptive capacity; Biodiversity conservation; Community-based conservation; Ecosystem services; Local ecological knowledge; Natural resource management; Social-ecological change; Social-ecological resilience; Traditional ecological knowledge.
Ano: 2013
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Construction of National Nature Reserves System in China AgEcon
Zheng, Haiyang; Wang, Guoxiang.
This paper introduces the construction status of National Nature Reserves in China, and then it points out some primary problems in the construction of National Nature Reserves. Finally, we put forward some related countermeasures and suggestions.
Tipo: Thesis or Dissertation Palavras-chave: National nature Reserves of China; Construction status; Biodiversity conservation; Management; Development countermeasures; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53513
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Core Issues in the Economics of Biodiversity Conservation AgEcon
Tisdell, Clement A..
Critically reviews the following core issues in the economics of biodiversity conservation: reliance on the stated preferences of individuals as a guide to biodiversity conservation, the relevance of the phylogenetic similarity principle (and other attributes of organisms) for the survival of species; the implications of the Noah’s ark problem for selecting features of biodiversity to be saved and the difficulties raised by criteria based on safe minimum populations of species or on minimum environmental standards; the extent to which the precautionary principle can be rationally used to support the conservation of biodiversity; the impact of market extensions and globalization, as well as market and other institutional failures, on biodiversity loss; the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Biodiversity conservation; Economic valuation; Intergenerational equity; Phylogenetic similarity principle; Precautionary principle; Sustainable development.; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q5; Q51; Q56; Q57.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92772
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Creating restoration landscapes: partnerships in large-scale conservation in the UK Ecology and Society
Adams, William M.; Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; wa12@cam.ac.uk; Hodge, Ian D.; Department of Land Economy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; idh3@cam.ac.uk; Macgregor, Nicholas A.; Natural England, Nobel House, London, UK; Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology (DICE), School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, UK; nicholas.macgregor@naturalengland.org.uk; Sandbrook, Lindsey C.; Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; lindsey.sandbrook@gmail.com.
It is increasingly recognized that ecological restoration demands conservation action beyond the borders of existing protected areas. This requires the coordination of land uses and management over a larger area, usually with a range of partners, which presents novel institutional challenges for conservation planners. Interviews were undertaken with managers of a purposive sample of large-scale conservation areas in the UK. Interviews were open-ended and analyzed using standard qualitative methods. Results show a wide variety of organizations are involved in large-scale conservation projects, and that partnerships take time to create and demand resilience in the face of different organizational practices, staff turnover, and short-term funding. Successful...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Biodiversity conservation; Conservation governance; Ecological restoration; Landscape-scale conservation; Neoliberalism; Partnership.
Ano: 2016
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Cross-Scale Value Trade-Offs in Managing Social-Ecological Systems: The Politics of Scale in Ruaha National Park, Tanzania Ecology and Society
Zia, Asim; Department of Community Development and Applied Economics, University of Vermont; Asim.Zia@uvm.edu; Hirsch, Paul; Department of Environmental Studies SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse NY ; pahirsch@maxwell.syr.edu; Songorwa, Alexander; Department of Wildlife Management, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania ; bhugoji@yahoo.com; Mutekanga, David R.; Wildlife Conservation Society, Ruaha National Park, Tanzania; DMutekanga@wcs.org; O'Connor, Sheila; Global Institute of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ ; soconnor@wwf.org.uk; McShane, Thomas; Global Institute of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Tempe AZ ; mcshane@bluewin.ch; Brosius, Peter; Center for Integrative Conservation Research, University of Georgia, Athens GA ; pbrosius@uga.edu; Norton, Bryan; School of Public Policy, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta GA; bryan.norton@pubpolicy.gatech.edu.
Management of social-ecological systems takes place amidst complex governance processes and cross-scale institutional arrangements that are mediated through politics of scale. Each management scenario generates distinct cross-scale trade-offs in the distribution of pluralistic values. This study explores the hypothesis that conservation-oriented management scenarios generate higher value for international and national scale social organizations, whereas mixed or more balanced management scenarios generate higher value for local scale social organizations. This hypothesis is explored in the management context of Ruaha National Park (RNP), Tanzania, especially the 2006 expansion of RNP that led to the eviction of many pastoralists and farmers. Five...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Biodiversity conservation; Complexity; Ecological valuation; Economic development; Politics of scale; Social-ecological systems; Trade-off analysis.
Ano: 2011
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Der Wert von Befestigungsanlagen für den Erhalt der Biodiversität am Beispiel der Schnecken (Mollusca: Gastropoda) Naturalis
Kobialka, H.; Kappes, H..
Significance of fortifications for biodiversity conservation: The example of terrestrial gastropods (Mollusca: Gastropoda) Significance of fortifications for biodiversity conservation: The example of terrestrial gastropods (Mollusca: Gastropoda) The different microhabitats of the walls of historical fortifications harbor a gastropod fauna that is significantly distinct from that of the surroundings (such as meadows and forests). The communities on the vertical planes of the walls display the highest heterogeneity, and thus a high susceptibility to anthropogenic disturbances. Parts of the heterogeneity can be seen to result from different renovation intensities and stages of (re-) colonization. Many red-listed species were found in the microhabitats of...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor Palavras-chave: Fortifications; Biodiversity conservation; Terrestrial gastropods; Mollusca; Gastropoda; Balea perversa; Microhabitats; 42.73.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/421037
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Design and Analysis of Conservation Projects in Latin America: an Integrative Approach to Training Ecology and Society
Galindo-Leal, Carlos; Center for Applied Biodiversity Science, Conservation International; C.GALINDO@CONSERVATION.ORG.
The Latin American countries have a disproportionate importance in global biodiversity conservation. Six of the 14 megadiversity countries that house 60–70% of the species in the world are located on this region. Unfortunately, the number of environmental professionals in Latin America is extremely small. Furthermore, most of them have no postgraduate degrees and are unacquainted with general research methodology and recently developed concepts and tools. In addition, many speak no English and have no way to communicate with colleagues in other parts of the world. In collaboration with Latin American colleagues, universities, government agencies, and nongovernment organizations, I have been developing an integrated field course titled "Design and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Biodiversity conservation; Capacity building; Conservation projects; Field courses; Latin America; Project analysis; Project design..
Ano: 2001
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Developing a Scientific Basis for Managing Earth's Life Support Systems Ecology and Society
Daily, Gretchen C; Stanford University; gdaily@leland.stanford.edu.
Here, I review the motivation and science behind efforts to characterize and manage ecosystems as capital assets. I then describe some recent work to evaluate the potential for sustaining biodiversity and ecosystem services in human-dominated landscapes.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Biodiversity conservation; Countryside biogeography; Ecological economics; Ecosystem Services Framework; Global change; Interdisciplinary collaboration.
Ano: 1999
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Economic Evaluation of Pollination Services Comparing Coffee Landscapes in Ecuador and Indonesia Ecology and Society
Olschewski, Roland; University of Goettingen; rolsche@uni-forst.gwdg.de; Tscharntke, Teja; University of Goettingen; ttschar@gwdg.de; Schwarze, Stefan; University of Goettingen; sschwar1@gwdg.de; Klein, Alexandra-Maria; University of Goettingen; aklein2@gwdg.de.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Biodiversity conservation; Certified shaded coffee; Environmental services; Pest management.
Ano: 2006
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Effects of habitat fragmentation on the persistence of medium and large mammal species in the Brazilian Savanna of Goiás State Biota Neotropica
Rocha,Ednaldo Cândido; Brito,Daniel; Silva,Paulo Machado e; Silva,Jhefferson; Bernardo,Paulo Vitor dos Santos; Juen,Leandro.
Abstract: Habitat loss and fragmentation are the main threats to the conservation of Cerrado biodiversity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the implications of habitat loss on the persistence of medium and large mammal species, considering the spatial and temporal changes (years 1985, 2000 and 2014) to the evaluated fragments. The study was carried out in 14 fragments (10.5 - 618 ha), located in Southeastern Goiás, Brazil. Records for 24 mammal species were obtained and revealed the two sites with the largest habitat amount in the landscape contained higher species richness than the remaining sites. The three mammal groups based on body mass (weight < 5 kg; weight between 5 and 20 kg; and weight > 20 kg) analyzed in this study showed...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Biodiversity conservation; Landscape ecology; Mammal fauna; Species richness.
Ano: 2018 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032018000300208
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Empirical Accounting of Adaptation to Environmental Change: Organizational Competencies and Biodiversity in Finnish Forest Management Ecology and Society
Primmer, Eeva; Finnish Environment Institute; eeva.primmer@ymparisto.fi; Wolf, Steven A; Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University; saw44@cornell.edu.
Integration of biodiversity conservation into economic utilization of natural resources has become a central response to the challenges of sustainable development. However, the resources and competencies required to implement such an integrated strategy at the level of the individual, the organization, and the sector are not known. To address this knowledge gap, we have developed an approach to analyze responses of organizations to environmental change and evolving social demands for biodiversity conservation. We analyze the scale, scope, and distribution of the resources and competencies that support the delineation of ecologically significant habitats in intensively managed nonindustrial private forests in Finland, an important international actor in the...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Competency; Organization; Innovation; Nonindustrial private forestry; Biodiversity conservation; Habitat delineation; Resource-based view; Institutions; Finland.
Ano: 2009
Registros recuperados: 63
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