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| Registros recuperados: 193 | |
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| Michael E. Baker. |
| 11[beta]-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type-2 (11[beta]-HSD2) regulates the local concentration of cortisol that can activate the glucocorticoid receptor and mineralocorticoid receptor, as well as the concentration of 11-keto-testosterone, the active androgen in fish. Similarly, 17[beta]-HSD2 regulates the levels of testosterone and estradiol that activate the androgen receptor and estrogen receptor, respectively. Interestingly, although human 11[beta]-HSD2 and 17[beta]-HSD2 act at different positions on different steroids, these enzymes are paralogs. Despite the physiological importance of 11[beta]-HSD2 and 17[beta]-HSD2, details of their origins and divergence from a common ancestor are not known. An opportunity to understand their evolution is... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Developmental Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4649/version/1 |
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| Michael E. Baker; David J. Chang. |
| The origins of signaling by vertebrate steroids are not fully understood. An important advance was the report that an estrogen-binding steroid receptor [SR] is present in amphioxus, a basal chordate with a similar body plan as vertebrates. To investigate the evolution of estrogen binding to steroid receptors, we constructed a 3D model of amphioxus SR complexed with estradiol. This 3D model indicates that although the SR is activated by estradiol, some interactions between estradiol and human ER[alpha] are not conserved in the SR, which can explain the low affinity of estradiol for the SR. These differences between the SR and ER[alpha] in the steroid-binding domain are sufficient to suggest that another steroid is the physiological regulator of the SR.... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Developmental Biology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3316/version/1 |
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| Michael E. Baker; David J. Chang; Charlie Chandsawangbhuwana. |
| Lamprey, a basal vertebrate, contains orthologs of the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor and corticoid receptor. A perplexing property of lamprey is that 15[alpha]-hydroxy-steroids are active steroids. For example, 15[alpha]-hydroxy-estradiol [15[alpha]-OH-E2] is the estrogen, instead of estradiol (E2). To investigate how 15[alpha]-OH-E2 binds lamprey ER, we constructed a 3D model of the lamprey ER with E2 and 15[alpha]-OH-E2. Our 3D model shows that S[delta] on Met-409 can form a hydrogen bond with the 15[alpha]-hydroxyl on 15[alpha]-OH-E2. In human ER[alpha], the corresponding residue Ile-424 has a van der Waals contact with 15[alpha]-OH-E2. BLAST analysis of GenBank indicates that among vertebrate ERs, only lamprey ER contains a... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Ecology; Earth & Environment. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2768/version/1 |
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| Michael E. Baker; Kayla Y. Uh; Paiyuam Asnaashari. |
| The serum of Atlantic sea lamprey, a basal vertebrate, contains two corticosteroids, 11-deoxycortisol and deoxycorticosterone. Only 11-deoxycortisol has high affinity [Kd~3 nM] for the corticoid receptor [CR] in lamprey gill cytosol. To investigate the binding of 11-deoxycortisol to the CR, we constructed 3D models of lamprey CR complexed with 11-deoxycortisol and deoxycorticosterone. These 3D models reveal that Leu-220 and Met-299 in lamprey CR have contacts with the 17[alpha]-hydroxyl on 11-deoxycortisol. Lamprey CR is the ancestor of the mineralocorticoid receptor [MR] and glucocorticoid receptor [GR]. Unlike human MR and human GR, the 3D model of lamprey CR finds a van der Waals contact between Cys-227 in helix 3 and Met-264 in helix 5. Mutant... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Cancer; Developmental Biology; Pharmacology; Bioinformatics; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6216/version/1 |
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| Fucheng Zhang; Zhonghe Zhou; Xing Xu; Xiaolin Wang; Corwin Sullivan. |
| Recent coelurosaurian discoveries have greatly enriched our knowledge of the dinosaur-bird transition, but all reported taxa close to this transition are from relatively well-known coelurosaurian groups^1-3^. Here we report a new basal avialan, Epidexipteryx hui gen. et sp. nov., from the Middle-Late Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China. This new species is characterized by an unexpected combination of characters seen in several different theropod groups, particularly the Oviraptorosauria. Phylogenetic analysis shows it to be the sister taxon to Epidendrosaurus^4,5^, forming a new clade at the base of Avialae^6^. Epidexipteryx also possesses two pairs of elongate ribbon-like tail feathers (ETFs), and its limbs lack contour feathers for flight. This finding... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Ecology; Earth & Environment. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2326/version/1 |
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| Yaroslav Strokovskyy. |
| We propose a hypothetic mechanism of ordering and shaping cells during _C. elegans_ embryogenesis. The mechanism is based on the assumption that during each round of division of cells, daughter cells acquire electric charges from its mother cells (charge conservation law is taken into account). Between the acts of division, the total electric field, generated by a system of charged cells, change relative positions of the charged cells within the region. In one’s turn, the positions of the charged cells determine the pattern of the electrostatic field. A mathematical model of such self-consistent mechanism is developed. The process of developing the sixteen-cell structure starting with one cell is simulated. The results correspond to the known... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/4277/version/1 |
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| Satya N. V. Arjunan; Masaru Tomita. |
| Many important cellular processes are regulated by reaction-diffusion (RD) of molecules that takes place both in the cytoplasm and on the membrane. To model and analyze such multicompartmental processes, we developed a lattice-based Monte Carlo method, Spatiocyte that supports RD in volume and surface compartments at single molecule resolution. Stochasticity in RD and the excluded volume effect brought by intracellular molecular crowding, both of which can significantly affect RD and thus, cellular processes, are also supported. We verified the method by comparing simulation results of diffusion, irreversible and reversible reactions with the predicted analytical and best available numerical solutions. Moreover, to directly compare the localization... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Microbiology; Bioinformatics. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3845/version/1 |
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| Izhar Hasan. |
| Malnutrition is a problem at varying proportions in developing countries, and anthropometry is a simple tool to assess its magnitude in children. This study was aimed at identifying the prevalence of malnutrition among 500 children of govt schols of Azad Nagar, bangalore south Asia. The value of using various field based formulae and of various anthropometric indicators used for classification of malnutrition was also studied. The study was focused on children aged 8-14 years studying in class 1st to 8th in govt schools. Anthropometric data and eating practices of children were collected with the help of a pretested questionnaire and food intake diary. Selected anthropometric measurements were taken using standard techniques. Their Body Mass Index (B.M.I)... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Earth & Environment. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5009/version/1 |
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| Mei Chi; Yingbi Zhou; Srikanth Vedamoorthyrao; Gopal Babu; Muthu Periasamy. |
| The smooth muscle myosin heavy chains (SMHC) are motor proteins powering smooth muscle contraction. Alternate splicing of SHMC gene at the C-terminus produces SM1, and SM2 myosin isoforms; SM2 (200 kDa) contains a unique 9-amino-acid sequence at the carboxyl terminus, whereas SM1 (204 kDa) has a 43 amino acid non-helical tail region. To date the functional difference between C-terminal isoforms has not been established; therefore, we used an exon-specific gene targeting strategy and generated a mouse model specifically deficient in SM2. Deletion of exon-41 of the SMHC gene resulted in a complete loss of SM2 in homozygous (_SM2^-/-^_) mice, accompanied by a concomitant down-regulation of SM1 in bladders. While heterozygous (_SM2^+/-^_) mice appeared normal... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Genetics & Genomics; Molecular Cell Biology. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1643/version/1 |
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| Yuichiro Hira; Jun Terai; Masaya Imoto; Etsu Tashiro; Kohji Hotta. |
| Chemical biology approach enables us to understand the complex biological systems, using small molecules such as a specific activator or inhibitor of protein, a hormone-like inducer, or a neurotransmitter. When such approach is performed genome-widely, that research is especially called "chemical genomics". We are planning to make a new start of chemical genomics using one of chordate model animal, ascidian. As a first step, we constructed a database called ACBD (Ascidians Chemical Biology Database). 

 First, we reviewed and annotated past articles which describe the uses of small chemicals in the field of ascidians biology. In ACBD, chemical information and effects on ascidian are manually extracted... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Pharmacology. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5087/version/1 |
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| Yuichiro Hira; Jun Terai; Mitsuru Nakamura; Etsu Tashiro; Masaya Imoto; Kotaro Oka; Kohji Hotta. |
| Chemical biology approach enables us to understand the complex biological systems,using small molecules such as a specific activator or inhibitor of protein, a hormone-likeinducer, or a neurotransmitter etc. When such approach is performed genome-widely, that research is especially called "chemical genomics". We are planning to make a new start of chemical genomics using one of chordate model animal, ascidian. As a first step, we constructed a database called ACBD (Ascidians Chemical Biology Database).

First, we reviewed and annotated past articles which describe the uses of small chemicals in the field of ascidians biology. In ACBD, chemical information and effects on ascidian are manually extracted... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Data Standards. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5087/version/2 |
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| Asuka Suzuki-Hirano; Tatsuya Sato; Harukazu Nakamura. |
| In the previous studies, we showed that strong Fgf8 signaling activates the Ras-ERK pathway to induce cerebellum. Here, we show importance of negative regulation of this pathway. 'Prolonged' activation of ERK by misexpression of _Fgf8b_ and dominant-negative _Sprouty2_ (_dnSprouty2_) did not change the fate of the mesencephalic alar plate. Downregulation of ERK activity using a MEK inhibitor, U0126, or by tetracycline dependent Tet-off system after co-expression of _Fgf8b_ and _dnSprouty2_, forced the mesencephalic alar plate to differentiate into cerebellum. We then paid attention to Mkp3. After misexpression of _dnMkp3_ and _Fgf8b_, slight downregulation of ERK activity occurred, which may be due to Sprouty2, and the mesencephalon... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Molecular Cell Biology; Neuroscience. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2089/version/1 |
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| Roxana Moslehi; Caroline Signore; James Troendle; Amiran Dzutsev; James L. Mills. |
| The effects of DNA repair and transcription genes in human prenatal life have never been studied. Trichothiodystrophy (TTD) is a rare (affected frequency of 10^-6^) recessive disorder caused by mutations in genes involved in the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway and in transcription. Based on our clinical observations, we conducted a genetic epidemiologic study to investigate gestational outcomes associated with TTD. We compared pregnancies resulting in TTD-affected offspring (N=24) with respect to abnormalities in their antenatal and neonatal periods to pregnancies resulting in their unaffected siblings (N=18), accounting for correlation, and to population reference values. Significantly higher incidence of several severe gestational complications... |
| Tipo: Poster |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Genetics & Genomics. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/3582/version/1 |
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| Jicun Wang; Thomas Michelitsch; Arne Wunderlin; Ravi Mahadeva. |
| It is now increasingly realized that the underlying mechanisms which govern aging is a complex interplay of genetic regulation and damage accumulation. Aging as a result of accumulation of ‘faults’ on cellular and molecular levels, has been proposed in the damage (fault)-accumulation theory by Kirkwood 2006. However, this theory fails to explain some aging phenotypes such as fibrosis and premature aging, since terms such as ‘damage’ and ‘fault’ are not specified. Therefore we introduce here a specification of the underlying mechanism of aging and arrive at a novel theory: aging of the body is a result of the accumulation of Misrepair of tissue. It emphasizes: a) it is Misrepair, not the... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2988/version/2 |
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| Jicun Wang; Thomas Michelitsch; Arne Wunderlin; Ravi Mahadeva. |
| It is now increasingly realized that the underlying mechanisms which govern aging is a complex interplay of genetic regulation and damage accumulation. Aging as a result of accumulation of ‘faults’ on cellular and molecular levels, has been proposed in the damage (fault)-accumulation theory by Kirkwood 2006. However, this theory fails to explain some aging phenotypes such as fibrosis and premature aging, since terms such as ‘damage’ and ‘fault’ are not specified. Therefore we introduce here a specification of the underlying mechanism and arrive at a novel theory: aging of the body is a result of the accumulation of Misrepair of tissue. It emphasizes: a) it is Misrepair, not the original... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2988/version/1 |
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| Jicun Wang; Thomas Michelitsch; Arne Wunderlin; Ravi Mahadeva. |
| It is now increasingly realized that the underlying mechanisms which govern aging is a complex interplay of genetic regulation and damage accumulation. Aging as a result of accumulation of ‘faults’ on cellular and molecular levels, has been proposed in the damage (fault)-accumulation theory by Kirkwood 2006. However, this theory fails to explain some aging phenotypes such as fibrosis and premature aging, since terms such as ‘damage’ and ‘fault’ are not specified. Therefore we introduce here a specification of the underlying mechanism of aging and arrive at a novel theory: aging of the body is a result of the accumulation of Misrepair of tissue. It emphasizes: a) it is Misrepair, not the... |
| Tipo: Manuscript |
Palavras-chave: Developmental Biology; Evolutionary Biology. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/2988/version/3 |
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| Registros recuperados: 193 | |
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