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| Registros recuperados: 40 | |
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| Melnychuk, Volodymyr; Parkhomenko, Sergiy; Lissitsa, Alexej. |
| Land reform started in Ukraine 14 years ago became one of the most important issues in transformation of large state agricultural enterprises into market oriented agricultural enterprises. Significant changes in land use and land ownership has happened as a result of land reform implementation in Ukraine. Namely, state monopoly on land was eliminated, agricultural land was privatized, citizens of Ukraine received land plots in possession, first land transactions have happened at agricultural land market etc. Actual data regarding Ukrainian land relations reformation is systematized in this Discussion paper with especial focus on establishing the prerequisites of further formation and perspective development of the agricultural land market in Ukraine.... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Land market reform; Transition; Ukraine; Land Economics/Use; O13; O17; P26; P32; P48; Q15; Q18. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14928 |
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| Blackman, Allen; Bannister, Geoffrey J.. |
| The considerable difficulties associated with cross-border environmental management are compounded when polluters are unlicensed micro-enterprises such as auto repair shops and traditional brick kilns; such "informal sector" firms are virtually impossible to regulate in the conventional manner. This paper describes an example of an innovative and promising approach to the problem: the Cd. Juarez Brickmakers' Project, a private-sector-led, binational initiative aimed at abating highly polluting emissions from Cd. Juarez's approximately 350 informal brick kilns. We draw three lessons from the Project's history. First, private-sector-led cross-border initiatives can work -- indeed they may be more effective than public sector initiatives -- but they require... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: US-Mexican border; Informal sector; Environment; Brickmaking; Environmental Economics and Policy; O17; O54; L61; Q25; Q28. |
| Ano: 1996 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10600 |
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| Krakowski, Michael. |
| This paper analyses the determinants of the size of the informal economy using cross-country regressions. Two sets of global data using indirect estimation techniques and the perception of business leaders for 109 countries as well as a regional set for Latin America based on direct data are used to estimate the size of the informal economies. Indirect estimation techniques arrive at higher estimates of the size of the informal economy than the perceptions of business leaders because they include not only the (fundamentally legal) activities of the informal sector, but also those activities which are illegal per se. Both kinds of estimate show strong regional differences in the size of the informal economies. Regressions on a set of indicators covering the... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Informal sector; Tax evasion; Business regulation; Political Economy; O17; H26. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/26313 |
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| Antinori, Camille; Rausser, Gordon C.. |
| Current natural resource policy emphasizes devolved control to local levels of government and stakeholder groups. Effective strategies are as yet unclear, given mixed results in devolutionary efforts and few empirical analyses. Using original community-level survey data from Oaxaca, Mexico, a region with 90% common property forestland, the study describes how existing community governance structures accommodate an increasing local role in managing forest land. Multidimensional performance indicators for forest condition and group rule conformance are constructed and regressed on measures of democratic involvement and attendance rate at general meetings within the community setting. Empirical results show that community officials and foresters working... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O17; Q23. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25076 |
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| Burmeister, Larry; Ranis, Gustav; Wang, Michael. |
| This study presents a comparative analysis of farmers organisations in Korea and Taiwan during 1950-80 in order to help us understand the role of group behavior in affecting development outcomes. It highlights the linkages between group behavior, parastatal organisational structures and economic performance. The paper examines the historical and political economy contexts that led to the creation of both countries farmers organisations and highlights the institutional characteristics that impacted their operational effectiveness. The study discusses elements in internal and external policies that affected group motivation and traces the implications of such differences in group behavior for bottom line performance. Though there existed many similarities... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Farmers organizations; Korea; Taiwan; Group behavior; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; O17. |
| Ano: 2001 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28464 |
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| Madestam, Andreas. |
| I study the coexistence of formal and informal finance in underdeveloped credit markets. While weak institutions constrain formal banks, shallow pockets hamper informal lenders. In such economies, informal finance has two effects. By increasing the investment return it decreases borrowers’ relative payoff following default, inducing banks to lend more liberally (disciplinary effect). By channeling bank capital it reduces banks’ agency costs from lending directly to borrowers, limiting banks’ extension of borrower credit (rent-extraction effect). Among other things, the model shows that informal interest rates are higher, borrower welfare lower, and informal finance more prevalent when the rent-extraction effect prevails, consistent with stylized facts in... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Credit Markets; Financial Development; Institutions; Market Structure; Financial Economics; O12; O16; O17; D40. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54288 |
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| Giugale, Marcelo M.; El-Diwany, Sherif. |
| The paper shows how, when the enforceability of regulations is size-sensitive, price competition can lock firms into informality and, thus, smallness, depending on the form of the production function. In that context, exogenours "help"packages targeted to informal firms "promote" micro and small enterprises (i.e., increase their numbers) but do not "develop" them (i.e., foster their growth). The "help" only generates a short-term span of abnormal profits for existing informal firms, and a long-term income transfer toward informal-market consumers. The model is tested in the context of Egypt's micro and small enterprise sector. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Informality; Size Regulation; Egypt; Hide-Outs; Agricultural and Food Policy; O17; L11; L51. |
| Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18542 |
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| Ranis, Gustav. |
| The labor surplus economy model has as its basic premise the inability of unskilled agricultural labor markets to clear in countries with high man/land ratios. In such situations, the marginal product of labor is likely to fall below a bargaining wage, related to the average rather than the marginal product. The reallocation of such disguisedly unemployed workers by means of balanced intersectoral growth ultimately permits the entire economy to operate on neo-classical principles. Finally, the paper introduces open economy dimensions, indicates the existence of other labor surplus sub-sectors and briefly responds to neo-classical critiques on both theoretical and empirical grounds. |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Development theory; Labor markets; Labor and Human Capital; O10; O12; O17. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28480 |
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| Dorward, Andrew; Kydd, Jonathan; Poulton, Colin. |
| This paper argues that the disappointing outcomes of adjustment policies in poor rural economies, principally in sub-Saharan Africa, can be partly attributed to weaknesses in the neo-classical theory which underlies these polices and from associated failures to recognise structural changes (or transitions) in growing agricultural economies. After a brief description of agricultural policy changes in sub Saharan Africa, the mixed achievements of market liberalisation policies are explained using new institutional economic arguments regarding inherent difficulties in economic coordination in poor economies, difficulties which markets themselves cannot overcome. A novel framework is put forward for understanding coordination failure and integrating it with... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Development; Coordination; Markets; Institutions; Marketing; O12; O17; Q12. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9535 |
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| Tollens, Eric. |
| The paper deals with the emergence and rise of market information systems in sub-Sahara Africa as a result of economic liberalization. There has already been an evolution is such systems and no particular system dominates. Various types of market information systems exist today, public or private, all or not linked to a commodity exchange. The rationale of a commodity exchange is discussed, linked to a market information system. They all struggle with problems of sustainable financing. Very few if any good impact studies exist on such systems, demonstrating their effects on market transparency, information asymmetry, the bargaining power of poor farmers and their market access. Dissemination of the information, using traditional (radio) or modern (ICT)... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Marketing; Q13; Q18; O13; O17; H41. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25590 |
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| Registros recuperados: 40 | |
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