SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Mello,Alexandre Furtado Silveira; Lourenço,Silvia de Afonseca; Amorim,Lilian.

The white mold, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is a very important disease in tomato crops. The objective of this work was to study the effect of plant extracts, animal residues and industrial by-products extracts on the fungus in vitro growth. Treatments consisted of different concentrations of pyrolignous oil, neem oil, monosodium glutamate, sewage sludge and organic compost [coffee residue (50%) coal residue (10%), maize residue (25%), poultry waste (12.5%), poultry meal (2.5%)]. Positive control consisted of Petri dishes with PDA medium and negative control treatment consisted of PDA medium with procymidone. Fungus colonies were incubated at 22ºC and light intensity of 260 lux. Variables such as mycelium growth rate, sclerotia production, and...

Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report

Palavras-chave: Azadirachta indica; Sclerotinia white rot; Alternative control; Sewage sludge; Soil respiration.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162005000200014

Atividade microbiana em solos, influenciada por resíduos de algodão e torta de mamona.

CAPUANI, S.; RIGON, J. P. G.; BELTRAO, N. E. de M.; BRITO NETO, J. F. de.

Resumo: A atividade microbiana não se constitui apenas como bom indicador da qualidade do solo, mas é influenciada pela adição de carbono no sistema, o qual serve como substrato aos micro-organismos que aumentam sua atividade e a liberação de CO2, compreendendo a respiração edáfica do solo. Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, avaliar a atividade microbiana em diferentes tipos de solo com a adição de torta de mamona e resíduo têxtil de algodão. O trabalho foi conduzido em casa de vegetação na sede da Embrapa Algodão, em delineamento de blocos casualisados em esquema fatorial 4 x 3, com quatro repetições. A intervalos predeterminados de 4 dias os recipientes foram abertos e a solução de NaOH foi titulada com HCl 2 N na presença de indicador ácido/base...

Biodegradability kraft paper coated with films emulsified chitosan and palmitic acid.

Palavras-chave: Respiração edáfica; Fertilização orgânica; Atividade microbiana; Microbiologia; Solo; Mamona; Algodão; Resíduo; Soil respiration; Organic fertilizers.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/939043

REIS, A. B.; YOSHIDA, C. M. P.; VILELA, E. S. D.; NASCIMENTO, R. dos S.; MELO, I. S. de; FRANCO, T. T..

Abstract: The use of natural polymers is an alternative to polymers derived from petroleum that may reduce industrial waste and contribute to the environmental protection. Following the same reasoning, the biodegradability of paper packaging is already known for it being a product originated from cellulosic materials (cellulosic fibers). The aim of this work was to assess the process of degradation from the junction of two different materials; biopolymer and sheets of paper. This paper proposes the study of the biodegradability of chitosan film-coated Kraft paper sheets and emulsified chitosan film-coated Kraft paper sheets added with palmitic acid, both in comparison with uncoated Kraft paper sheets. The biodegradability study was conducted based on...

Characterization of potential CO2 emissions in agricultural areas using magnetic susceptibility

Palavras-chave: Biopolymer; Kraft paper; Microbial biomass carbon; Soil respiration; Biofilm formation; Enzymatic activity; Biodegradação; Papel; Biofilme; Biodegradation; Chitosan.

Ano: 2013

URL: http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/handle/doc/967553

Leal,Fábio Tiraboschi; França,Ana Beatriz Coelho; Siqueira,Diego Silva; Teixeira,Daniel De Bortoli; Marques Júnior,José; Scala Júnior,Newton La.

ABSTRACTSoil CO2 emissions (fCO2) in agricultural areas have been widely studied in global climate change research, but its characterization and quantification are restricted to small areas. Because spatial and time variability affect emissions, tools need to be developed to predict fCO2 for large areas. This study aimed to investigate soil magnetic susceptibility (MS) and its correlation with fCO2 in an agricultural environment. The experiment was carried out on a Typic Eutrudox located in Guariba-SP, Brazil. Results showed that there was negative spatial correlation between fCO2 and the magnetic susceptibility of Air Dried Soil (MSADS) up to 34.3 m distant. However, the fCO2 had no significant correlation with MSADS, magnetic susceptibility of sand...

Chemical and biochemical properties of Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) Ktze. forest soils in the state of São Paulo

Palavras-chave: Magnetism; Soil respiration; Spatial variability; Geostatistics.

Ano: 2015

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162015000600535

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

Carvalho,Fernanda de; Moreira,Fatima Maria de Souza; Cardoso,Elke Jurandy Bran Nogueira.

Araucaria angustifolia, commonly named Araucaria, is a Brazilian native species that is intensively exploited due to its timber quality. Therefore, Araucaria is on the list of species threatened by extinction. Despite the importance of soil for forest production, little is known about the soil properties of the highly fragmented Araucaria forests. This study was designed to investigate the use of chemical and biological properties as indicators of conservation and anthropogenic disturbance of Araucaria forests in different sampling periods. The research was carried out in two State parks of São Paulo: Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto do Ribeira and Parque Estadual de Campos de Jordão. The biochemical properties carbon and nitrogen in microbial biomass...

Crop residues on short-term CO2 emissions in sugarcane production areas

Palavras-chave: Soil quality; Microbial biomass; Soil enzymes; Soil respiration; Microbial metabolic quotient; QCO2.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832012000400013

REA

Corradi,Mariana M.; Panosso,Alan R.; Martins Filho,Marcílio V.; La Scala Junior,Newton.

The proper management of agricultural crop residues could produce benefits in a warmer, more drought-prone world. Field experiments were conducted in sugarcane production areas in the Southern Brazil to assess the influence of crop residues on the soil surface in short-term CO2 emissions. The study was carried out over a period of 50 days after establishing 6 plots with and without crop residues applied to the soil surface. The effects of sugarcane residues on CO2 emissions were immediate; the emissions from residue-covered plots with equivalent densities of 3 (D50) and 6 (D100) t ha-1 (dry mass) were less than those from non-covered plots (D0). Additionally, the covered fields had lower soil temperatures and higher soil moisture for most of the studied...

Effect of organic and mineral amendments upon soil respiration and microbial biomass in a saline-sodic soil

Palavras-chave: Soil respiration; Sugarcane management; Green harvest.

Ano: 2013

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162013000400009

Ciencia e Investigación Agraria

Celis,José E; Sandoval,Marco; Martínez,Bárbara; Quezada,Celerino.

J.E. Celis, M. Sandoval, B. Martínez, and C. Quezada. 2013. Effect of organic and mineral amendments upon soil respiration and microbial biomass in a saline-sodic soil. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(3): 571-580. An understanding of soil carbon stocks and fluxes in saline-sodic soils is becoming critical in environmental management because salinity and sodicity are predicted to increase worldwide. The effects of amendment with sewage sludge (SW), mined gypsum (MG) and synthetic gypsum (SG) on the soil respiration rate and soil (S) microbial biomass (SMB) of a saline-sodic soil were assessed in vitro over 60 days under controlled conditions. The treatments were: T1 = S + MG (7 t ha-1); T2 = S + MG (7 t ha-1) + SW (90 t ha-1); T3 = S + SG (7 t ha-1); T4 = S + SG (7 t...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Arid soil; Biological activity; Gypsum; Organic matter; Sewage sludge; Soil respiration.

Ano: 2013

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000300010

Field-scale spatial correlation between contents of iron oxides and CO2 emission in an Oxisol cultivated with sugarcane

Bahia,Angélica Santos Rabelo de Souza; Marques Júnior,José; Panosso,Alan Rodrigo; Camargo,Livia Arantes; Siqueira,Diego Silva; Teixeira,Daniel De Bortoli; Scala Júnior,Newton La.

Soil CO2 emission (FCO2) is one of the main sources of carbon release into the atmosphere. Moreover, FCO2 is related to soil attributes governing the transfer of gases from soil to the atmosphere. This study aimed firstly to describe the spatial variability of hematite (Hm), goethite (Gt), iron extracted with sodium dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate (Fed) contents, soil CO2 emission (FCO2) and free-water porosity (FWP) and secondly, to develop statistical models to predict the above mentioned factors in an Oxisol cultivated under manual harvesting of sugarcane (Saccharumspp.) in southeastern Brazil. The study was conducted on an irregular 50 m × 50 m grid containing 89 points, each 0.5-10 m apart. The 0-0.1 m soil layer at each sampling point was used to...

First-order decay models to describe soil C-CO2 Loss after rotary tillage

Palavras-chave: Hematite; Goethite; Soil respiration; Geostatistics; Cross-semivariograms.

Ano: 2015

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162015000200157

La Scala Jr.,Newton; Lopes,Afonso; Spokas,Kurt; Archer,David Walter; Reicosky,Donald.

To further understand the impact of tillage on CO2 emission, the applicability of two conceptual models was tested, which describe the CO2 emission after tillage as a function of the non-tilled emission plus a correction due to the tillage disturbance. Models assume that C in readily decomposable organic matter follows a first-order reaction kinetics equation as: dCsoil (t) / dt = -k Csoil (t), and that soil C-CO2 emission is proportional to the C decay rate in soil, where Csoil(t) is the available labile soil C (g m-2) at any time (t) and k is the decay constant (time-1). Two possible assumptions were tested to determine the tilled (F T) fluxes: the decay constants (k) of labile soil C before and after tillage are different (Model 1) or not (Model 2)....

Impacto da queimada sobre a atividade de um Luvissolo Crômico Órtico.

Palavras-chave: Soil respiration; Soil tillage; Soil organic matter; Labile carbon decay.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162009000500010

Irradiance availability and growth of leguminous trees of cerrado.

OLIVEIRA, L. C. de; FIALHO, J. S.; AGUIAR, I. de; OLIVEIRA, T. S.; CAMPANHA, M. M..

Resumo: O manejo tradicional que utiliza queimadas como método de preparo do solo ainda é utilizado. O uso do fogo afeta a atividade microbiana do solo por eliminar a cobertura superficial e degradar a matéria orgânica (MO). A respiração basal do solo (RBS) pode ser usada na avaliação da atividade microbiana. Com o objetivo de analisar o impacto das queimadas sobre a atividade microbiana, analisou-se a liberação de CO2 pelos os microorganismos (RBS), a qual foi correlacionada com o teor de MO, de um solo do semi-árido cearense, submetido a queimadas em diferentes períodos. As áreas avaliadas foram mata nativa (MATA), áreas queimadas em 2009 (TRAD-0), 2002 e em pousio há seis anos (TRAD-6) e 1999 em pousio à nove anos (TRAD-9). As análises mostraram que a...

Tipo: Artigo em anais de congresso (ALICE)

Palavras-chave: Respiração basal; Código florestal; Queimada; Impacto ambiental; Respiração do solo; Manejo do solo; Matéria orgânica; Caatinga; Carbono; Semiarid soils; Soil management; Organic matter; Soil respiration; Brazil; Environmental impact; Carbon.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/handle/doc/865797

RONQUIM, C. C.; PRADO, C. H. B. DE A.; SOUZA, J. P..

We evaluated photosynthetic performance, growth, and biomass partitioning in tree species Anadenanthera falcata and Stryphnodendron adstringens growing under full solar irradiance and in the shade equivalent to that found in understory of the Cerradão physiognomy. The study was conducted free of water stress by watering, in São Carlos, state of São Paulo, Brazil, until 1140 days after sowing (DAS). We obtained irradiance and leaf gas exchange data with a portable infrared gas analyzer. In the sunny area, both species presented higher respiration in the dark, light saturation point, regular and potential photosynthetic capacity and higher apparent carboxylation efficiency. Besides, under full solar irradiance, the total biomass, leaf area, height, stem...

Leaf gas exchange in cowpea and CO2 efflux in soil irrigated with saline water

Palavras-chave: Cerrado; Biomass; Diameter; Gas exchange; Forest growth; Height; Irradiation; Leaf area; Leaves; Photosynthesis; Soil respiration; Zone of saturation.

Ano: 2018

URL: http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1100025

AGRIAMBI

Oliveira,Wanderson J. de; Souza,Edivan R. de; Cunha,Jailson C.; Silva,Ênio F. de F. e; Veloso,Venâncio de L..

ABSTRACT Leaf gas exchanges in plants and soil respiration are important tools for assessing the effects of salinity on the soil-plant system. An experiment was conducted with cowpea irrigated with saline water (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0 and 12.5 dS m-1) prepared with two sources: NaCl and a mixture of Ca, Mg, Na, K and Cl ions in a randomized block design and a 6 x 2 factorial scheme, with four replicates, totaling 48 experimental plots. At 20 days after planting (DAP), plants were evaluated for net photosynthesis (A), stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiration (E) using the Infra-Red Gas Analyzer (Model XT6400- LICOR), and water use efficiency, intrinsic water use efficiency and instantaneous efficiency of carboxylation were calculated. At 60 DAP, the soil...

Measurements of CO2 exchange over a woodland savanna (Cerrado Sensu stricto) in southeast Brasil

Palavras-chave: Photosynthesis; Salinity; Salt stress; Soil respiration.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662017000100032

Biota Neotropica

Rocha,Humberto R. da; Freitas,Helber C.; Rosolem,Rafael; Juárez,Robinson I.N.; Tannus,Rafael N.; Ligo,Marcos A.; Cabral,Osvaldo M. R.; Dias,Maria A.F. Silva.

The technique of eddy correlation was used to measure the net ecosystem exchange over a woodland savanna (Cerrado Sensu stricto) site (Gleba Pé de Gigante) in southeast Brazil. The data set included measurements of climatological variables and soil respiration using static soil chambers. Data were collected during the period from 10 October 2000 to 30 March 2002. Measured soil respiration showed average values of 4.8 molCO2 m-2s-1 year round. Its seasonal differences varied from 2 to 8 molCO2 m-2s-1 (Q10 = 4.9) during the dry (April to August) and wet season, respectively, and was concurrent with soil temperature and moisture variability. The net ecosystem CO2 flux (NEE) variability is controlled by solar radiation, temperature and air humidity on diel...

Microbial and enzymatic activity in soil after organic composting

Palavras-chave: Cerrado; Savanna; Photosynthesis; Soil respiration; Carbon sequestration; Eddy correlation.

Ano: 2002

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032002000100009

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

Vinhal-Freitas,Isabel Cristina; Wangen,Dalcimar Regina Batista; Ferreira,Adão de Siqueira; Corrêa,Gilberto Fernandes; Wendling,Beno.

Microbial activity and biochemical properties are important indicators of the impact of organic composting on soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate some indicators of soil microbial and biochemical processes after application of compost (household waste). A Typic Acrustox, sampled at a depth of 10 cm under Cerrado biome vegetation, was evaluated in three treatments: control (soil without organic compost amendment) and soil with two doses of domestic organic compost (10 and 20 g kg-1 soil). The following properties were evaluated: released C (C-CO2): microbial respiration 15 days after incubation; microbial biomass C (MBC); total glucose (TG); metabolic quotient (qCO2); and enzyme activity of β-glucosidase and acid and alkaline phosphatase. The...

Microbial status of different carbon sequestering systems in the semi-arid tropics

Palavras-chave: Cerrado; Soil respiration; Microbial biomass; Glucose; Phosphatase; Β-glucosidase..

Ano: 2010

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832010000300017

Open Agri

Vineela, C..

Palavras-chave: Soil respiration; Respiration; Soil sampling; Soil treatment; Farmyard manure; Biomass; Soil organisms; Genetic soil types; Carbonation; Zero tillage.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/openaccess/?q=node/3327

Prediction of soil CO2 flux in sugarcane management systems using the Random Forest approach.

TAVARES, R. L. M.; OLIVEIRA, S. R. de M.; BARROS, F. M. M. de; FARHATE, C. V. V.; SOUZA, Z. M. de; LA SCALA JUNIOR, N..

ABSTRACT: The Random Forest algorithm is a data mining technique used for classifying attributes in order of importance to explain the variation in an attribute-target, as soil CO2 flux. This study aimed to identify prediction of soil CO2 flux variables in management systems of sugarcane through the machine-learning algorithm called Random Forest. Two different management areas of sugarcane in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, were selected: burned and green. In each area, we assembled a sampling grid with 81 georeferenced points to assess soil CO2 flux through automated portable soil gas chamber with measuring spectroscopy in the infrared during the dry season of 2011 and the rainy season of 2012. In addition, we sampled the soil to evaluate physical,...

Prediction of soil CO2 flux in sugarcane management systems using the Random Forest approach

Palavras-chave: Green sugarcane; Mineração de dados; Data mining; Random Forest algorithm; Saccharum Officinarum; Argila; Cana de Açúcar; Soil respiration; Clay; Soil organic carbon; Sugarcane.

Ano: 2018

URL: http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/alice/handle/doc/1092118

Tavares,Rose Luiza Moraes; Oliveira,Stanley Robson de Medeiros; Barros,Flávio Margarito Martins de; Farhate,Camila Viana Vieira; Souza,Zigomar Menezes de; Scala Junior,Newton La.

Reforestation of a Degraded Area with Eucalyptus and Sesbania: Microbial Activity and Chemical Soil Properties

Palavras-chave: Saccharum officinarum; Soil respiration; Green sugarcane; Clay.

Ano: 2018

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162018000400281

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

Paulucio,Vanderlan de Oliveira; Silva,Cristiane Figueira da; Martins,Marco Antônio; Pereira,Marcos Gervasio; Schiavo,Jolimar Antonio; Rodrigues,Luciana Aparecida.

ABSTRACT Mining activities generally affect soil quality, degrading it and creating the need for consistent environmental recovery efforts. This study evaluates the influence of monospecific and mixed stands of Sesbania virgata (S) and Eucalyptus camaldulensis (E) on the chemical properties and microbial activity of the soil in a degraded area by clay extraction in the northern part of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Four treatments (100S:100 % Sesbania , 100E: 00 % Eucalyptus , 50S:50E: 50 % Sesbania + 50 % Eucalyptus , and DASV: a degraded area with spontaneous vegetation) were established according to a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Samples were collected in the 0.00-0.10 m layer in the rainy season (March) and the dry...

Respiração basal e matéria orgânica do solo em sistemas agroflorestais.

Palavras-chave: Soil respiration; Fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis; Clay extraction.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832017000100416

Response of soil fungi and biological processes to crop residues in no-tillage system.

FIALHO, J. S.; OLIVEIRA, L. C. de; AGUIAR, M. i. de; OLIVEIRA, T. S. de; CAMPANHA, M. M..

Resumo: A preocupação com a qualidade do solo tem crescido, na medida em que seu uso e mobilização intensiva podem diminuir sua capacidade em manter uma produção biológica sustentável. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a respiração basal e matéria orgânica (MO) do solo em sistemas agroflorestais e vegetação natural. A pesquisa foi realizada na área experimental da Fazenda Crioula, pertencente ao Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Caprinos e Ovinos da EMBRAPA, Sobral ? CE. Foram estudados sistemas agrossilvipastoril (AGRO), silvipastoril (SILVI) e uma mata conservada (MATA). A respiração basal foi analisada por meio do carbono liberado e a matéria orgânica do solo foi quantificada pelo método de Walkley-Black. A MO foi superior na área SILVI, similar à...

Tipo: Artigo em anais de congresso (ALICE)

Palavras-chave: Sistema agroflorestal; Sistema agrossilvipastoril; Respiração basal; Semiárido; Nordeste; Brasil; Sistema silvipastoril; Código florestal; Matéria orgânica; Respiração do solo; Caatinga; Manejo do solo; Carbono; Soil respiration; Agroforestry systems; Agrosilvopastoral systems; Silvopastoral systems; Soil management; Carbon; Brazil; Semiarid soils.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://www.alice.cnptia.embrapa.br/handle/doc/865808

OLIVEIRA, P. de; NASCENTE, A. S.; FERREIRA, E. P. de B.; KLUTHCOUSKI, J.; LOBO JUNIOR, M..

O manejo do solo e a rotação de culturas podem afetar diretamente a comunidade microbiana do solo. Objetivou-se determinar indicadores de qualidade e fungos habitantes do solo, no sistema plantio direto. Utilizou-se delineamento em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 3 × 2. As três espécies de cobertura utilizadas foram braquiarão, milheto e feijão-comum, que forneceram palha e resíduos de raízes para o milho e a soja. A sequência feijão-comum + soja proporcionou pouca cobertura do solo, maior quociente metabólico e respiração basal e atividade enzimática total do solo e aumento geral de fungos de solo. A análise de componentes principais teve 76,61 % da variância explicada pelos três primeiros componentes, com as culturas de cobertura, a respiração...