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Registros recuperados: 31 | |
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Shaik, Saleem. |
This paper has a two-fold contribution. First, it examines the importance of accounting for (in)efficiency in the estimation of primal production function on the input elasticities, technical change, and calculation of returns to scale. Second, it applies a variant of the rolling regression technique to identify time-varying input elasticities, technical change, and return to scale. Empirical application to the Asian agriculture sector using Food and Agricultural Organization data from 1961-2005 indicates returns to scale are underestimated by the traditional pooled and panel models. Further, the time-varying estimates of input elasticities, technical change, and returns to scale indicate variations with each additional year of information. |
Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Asian agriculture sector; Time-varying input elasticities; Technical change; And returns to scale; Pooled; Two-way random effect; Stochastic frontier analysis; 1961-2005.; Agribusiness. |
Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44308 |
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Rada, Nicholas E.; Buccola, Steven T.; Fuglie, Keith O.. |
Brazil now is the largest coffee, sugar, and fruit juice producer, second-largest soybean and beef producer, and third-largest corn and broiler producer. It has overtaken the U.S. in poultry exports, nearly matches the U.S. in soybean exports, and dominates global trade in frozen orange juice. To test and better understand these advances, we draw on decennial farm censuses to examine technical change and efficiency in Brazilian agriculture. Our approach is to estimate a stochastic, multi-product, output distance frontier, using a translog functional form and data disaggregated to the micro-region (sub-state) level. Using two consecutive decennial farm censuses, we combine state-level Fisher productivity-change indexes with state-level translog distance... |
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Brazil; Shephard distance function; Stochastic frontier; Technical change; Technical efficiency; International Development; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49317 |
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Bohi, Douglas R.. |
This study analyzes sources of productivity change in petroleum exploration and development in the United States over the last ten years. There have been several major developments in the industry over the last decade that have led to dramatic reductions in the cost of finding and developing oil and natural gas resources. While some of the cost savings are organizational and institutional in nature, the most important changes are in the application of new technologies used to find and produce oil and gas: 3D seismology, horizontal drilling, and deepwater drilling. Not all the innovation is endogenous to the industry; some rests on outside advances (such as advances in high-speed computing that enabled 3D seismology), as well as learning-by-doing. The... |
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Petroleum supply; Technical change; World oil market; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q31; O31. |
Ano: 1998 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10902 |
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Dorfman, Jeffrey H.; Foster, Kenneth A.. |
Technical progress in U.S. agriculture is evaluated using a new measure of productivity growth, flexible technical change. This measure allows for nonconstant returns to scale, market structures other than perfect competition, and time-varying coefficients. An integral part of the procedure is the estimation of the production function by Flexible Least Squares. Flexible technical change results are compared with two traditional measures of productivity growth and found to be more stable and more precise in a statistical sense. The results suggest that previous studies which employed total factor productivity measures may have overstated the impact of technology in agriculture. |
Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Flexible least squares; Productivity; Technical change; Time-varying coefficients; Productivity Analysis. |
Ano: 1991 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32615 |
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Evenson, Robert E.; Huffman, Wallace E.. |
This paper presents (1) a conceptual framework for structural change when farms may be multiproduct or specialized and (2) an econometrics examination of causes of structural and total factor productivity (TFP) change for U.S. agriculture. Farm size, farm specialization, and part-time farming are the structural dimension emphasized, and they become potential channels to TFP change. Using state aggregate data starting in 1950, we conclude that input prices, public and private research, public extension, and government commodity programs have directly and indirectly caused change in U.S. farm structure and TFP. Our results suggest that changes in farm size, however, have been dominated by input price changes rather than by technology or government programs. |
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Farm structure; Productivity; Farm size; Farm specialization; Part-time farming; Research; Technical change; Agriculture; Industrial Organization. |
Ano: 1997 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28518 |
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MacAuley, Molly K.; Shih, Jhih-Shyang; Aronow, Emily; Austin, David H.; Bath, Tom; Darmstadter, Joel. |
In this paper we develop a cost index-based measure of the expected consumer welfare gains from innovation in electricity generation technologies. To illustrate our approach, we estimate how much better off consumers would be from 2000 to 2020 as renewable energy technologies continue to be improved and gradually adopted, compared with a counterfactual scenario that allows for continual improvement of conventional technology. We proceed from the position that the role and prospects of renewable energy are best assessed within a market setting that considers competing energy technologies and sources. We evaluate five renewable energy technologies used to generate electricity: solar photovoltaics, solar thermal, geothermal, wind, and biomass. For each, we... |
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Energy economics; Technical change; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q4; O3. |
Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10588 |
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Krasachat, W.. |
The main purposes of this study are to quantitatively investigate the production structure and the pattern of technical change in Thai agriculture for the period of 1972-94. A translog variable cost function framework is used to estimate a system of the cost function and the associated cost share equations for Thai agriculture. The system is estimated using the iterative seemingly unrelated regression method applied to a panel of 92 observations, comprising annual data from 1972 to 1994 for four regions in Thailand. The analytical results indicate that there were scale economies, low technical progress, and complementarities between capital and fertiliser, capital and hired labour, and capital and unpaid family labour. Technical change was biased toward... |
Tipo: Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Production structure; Technical change; Thai agriculture; Agricultural and Food Policy. |
Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123688 |
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Tokgoz, Simla. |
The objective of this study is to analyze technical change and the role of research and development (R&D) spillovers in this process for the U.S. agricultural sector. This study is composed of both a theoretical and an empirical analysis. In the theoretical analysis, a quality innovation model is used in which the R&D sector is the source of technological progress and is composed of a public and a private sector. The public R&D sector can serve either as a substitute to the private R&D sector or as a complement to it. Free trade is included in the next step of the analysis as a mechanism through which R&D spillovers are realized, along with increased market size for domestic R&D firms and increased competition from foreign R&D... |
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Productivity; R&D spillovers; Technical change; Trade; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies. |
Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18592 |
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Registros recuperados: 31 | |
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