Data/hora: 09/06/2024 12:32:53

Provedor de dados: 	31	
País: 	United States	
Título: 	Jobs  Versus the Environment: An Industry-level Perspective	
Autores: 	Morgenstern,   Richard D.; Pizer,   William A.; Shih,   Jhih-Shyang.	
Data: 	2005-10-25	
Ano: 	2000	
Palavras-chave: 	Jobs-environment trade-off; Distribution of environmental costs; Translog cost function; Labor and Human Capital; C33; D24; J40; Q28.	
Resumo: 	The possibility that workers could be adversely affected by environmental policies imposed on heavily regulated industries has led to claims of a "jobs versus the environment" trade-off by both business and labor leaders. The present research examines this claim at the industry level for four heavily polluting industries: pulp and paper mills, plastic manufacturers, petroleum refiners, and iron and steel mills. By focusing on labor effects across an entire industry, we construct a measure relevant to the concerns of key stakeholders, such as labor unions and trade groups. We decompose the link between environmental regulation and employment into three distinct components: factor shifts to more or less labor intensity, changes in total expenditures, and changes in the quantity of output demanded. We use detailed plant-level data to estimate the key parameters describing factor shifts and changes in total expenditures. We then use aggregate time-series data on industry supply shocks and output responses to estimate the demand effect. We find that increased environmental spending generally does not cause a significant change in industry-level employment. Our average across all four industries is a net gain of 1.5 jobs per $1 million in additional environmental spending, with a standard error of 2.2 jobs-an insignificant effect. In the plastics and petroleum sectors, however, there are small but significantly positive effects: 6.9 and 2.2 jobs, respectively, per $1 million in additional expenditures. These effects can be linked to favorable factor shifts-environmental spending is more labor intensive than ordinary production-and relatively inelastic estimated demand.	
Tipo: 	Working or Discussion Paper	
Idioma: 	Inglês	
Identificador: 	18516

http://purl.umn.edu/10526	
Editor: 	AgEcon Search	
Relação: 	Resources for the Future&gt;Discussion Papers

Discussion Paper 99-01-REV	
Formato: 	37

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