Data/hora: 07/06/2024 06:40:44

Provedor de dados: | 5
País: | France
Título: | Observatoire national du cycle de vie de l’huître creuse en France. Rapport annuel ECOSCOPA 2018
Autores: | Fleury, Elodie; Petton, Sebastien; Corporeau, Charlotte; Gangnery, Aline; Pouvreau, Stephane.
Data: | 2019-03
Ano: | 2019
Palavras-chave: | Huître creuse; Physiologie; Génétique; Écologie; Réseau National.
Resumo: | Occupying a prime position in the French coastal landscape, oyster farming is the leading contributor to the French aquaculture sector with an estimated production of 85,000 tonnes in recent years. However, since 2008, this species has been affected by recurrent massive mortality episodes triggered by the presence of viral infectious agents (of the type Herpes virus OsHV-1 μVar) in conjunction with environmental factors (i.e. temperature rise). This viral infection induces an alteration of the antimicrobial defenses and a destabilization of its microbiota. This process leads to secondary infection by opportunistic bacteria that are potentially pathogenic and multiply rapidly, causing irreversible tissue damage leading to the death of the animal. At the same time, these mortality phenomena, although poorly documented, also affect the numerous wild oysters present on the French coast. However, the oyster farming industry relies on a supply of spat that comes mainly from natural catchment, which is now practiced in several oyster areas. However, in all these sectors, reproduction and recruitment performances vary greatly from one year to the next. This crisis context (mortality episodes, recruitment failure, growth variability, etc.) requires the implementation of relevant observation means on a national scale to objectively measure the general state of health of cultivated and wild oyster populations through different proxy, for the different sensitive phases of their life cycle (reproduction, larval ecology, recruitment, growth, survival). The general objective of the ECOSCOPA network is therefore to pool and perpetuate the current observation systems, previously created by the RESCO and VELYGER networks, and to gradually add a series of new relevant physiological and environmental indicators, contributing to a more detailed analysis of the life cycle of this species in relation to climatic and anthropogenic pressures. The attached report therefore presents, for the year 2018, in a successive manner: (1) monitoring of environmental parameters at the eight selected sites; (2) monitoring of mortality in the sentinel batches carried out within the framework of RESCO; (3) a ten-year retrospective analysis of growth performance in relation to phytoplankton abundance; (4) an exhaustive presentation of data from the VELYGER network on the oyster reproductive cycle and recruitment; and (5) the development of new tools and relevant ecophysiological descriptors with, this year, a more detailed description of the animal's microenvironment and its impact on its physiological growth performance and defence against pathogens.
Tipo: | Text
Idioma: | Francês

Identificador:

https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00634/74654/74826.pdf

DOI:10.13155/74654

https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00634/74654/

Formato: | application/pdf

Fonte:

info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

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