Data/hora: 01/06/2024 03:48:24

Provedor de dados: | 5
País: | France
Título: | Caractéristiques des petites pêches côtières et estuariennes de la côte atlantique du sud de l'Europe - Rapport final - Synthèse. (24 mars 2000 - 23 avril 2002)
Autores: | Leaute, Jean-pierre.
Data: | 2002-06-17
Ano: | 2002
Palavras-chave: | Côtes atlantiques de l'Europe; Golfe de Gascogne; Côtes portugaises; Typologie; Enquêtes socio-économiques; Flottilles de pêche côtière et estuarienne; Indicateurs économiques; European Atlantic coasts; Bay of Biscay harbours; Portuguese coasts; Fishing typology; Socio-economic inquiries; Coastal and estuarian fishing fleet; Economics factors.
Resumo: | The European contract PECOSUDE (Small inshore fisheries of the south of Europe) accepted in 2000 (n° 99/024) for 2 years involves French partners (IFREMER, GEOLITTOMER and CEMAGREF), Spanish (AZTI, UPV and IEO) and Portuguese (IPIMAR). The aim is to assess the inshore and estuarian fisheries from Loire estuary to Portugal in view of the negotiations of the PCP in 2002. Three main aspects are considered in the study: fisheries monitoring (data 1999), socio-economy and marketing (data 1999 or 2000). Three main criteria have been established to define the limits of the fishing fleet considered in the study : fishing grounds within the 12 miles zone for the French fleet and the continental shelf and slope (down to 1000 m depth) for northern Spanish and Portuguese fleets, as well as fishing trips lower than 96 hours. The halieutic part analyses the activity of fishing vessels taking into account gears used, landed species, areas and fishing seasons. A total of 15 582 coastal or estuarians vessels with 35 256 crewmembers are located over the 311 harbours of the 3 000 km PECOSUDE coasts. Mean PECOSUDE vessel characteristics are : 6.4 m long, 30 kW power engine, 4 GRT capacity and 25 years old. Mean values are influenced by Galicians and Portugueses boats (84 % of the overall fleet studied). Static gears are predominant in the fishing activity, and more than half of the vessels are polyvalents (using several gears sequentially during differents fishing seasons). The main gears used are nets (gillnet, trammel, …) but lines, longlines and pots are also commonly used. Trawls are only used by French and Portuguese fleets, and near 50 % of the French vessels use glass-eel nets2. In most of the fishing typologies the activity is carried out all year. Nevertheless as most of the boats are small size, they usually work close to their home ports. In 1999, total landings were estimated at 71 935 t for a value of 195 M€. Among the 200 identified species or species groups along coastal and estuarian area, 7 species represent about 53 % of total value : octopus, common sole, glass-eel (young eel), hake, monks, sea bass, mackerels. Several interactions (conflicts) between fishermen have been identified. The main are related to the static vs mobile gear, the large fishing boats working inside coastal area, and an increase of the coastal area use by others users (yatching, reserves, seashell farming, …)  The fishing activity of these boats was also analysed using multivariate analysis techniques to obtain fleet activity typologies, based on fishing gears and/or species landed. From country to country, between 5 to 10 ships components were found. These characterisations allowed the application of a stratified sampling scheme for socio-economic studies (on 586 boats) carried out by French, Basque and Portuguese teams.  The information received from fishermen permits to describe the production factors, to estimate their costs, as well as, turnover, the wealth creation and efficiency of the production factors. The analysis carried out, by country for the total population and by fleet component, covers 1999 or 2000. Thus fishermen, from 41 to 46 years old on average from country to country, are in 80 % of the cases born in the coastal department where they work. The capital value of the " ship " is estimated in 94 K€ for France and Basque country, and 23 k€ for Portugal. The average turnover amount, for France, Basque country, and Portugal (83 K€, 65 k€ and 19 k€, respectively) and the average rate of added value (70%, 79 % and 50 %, respectively) show an important variation among countries. Products commercialisation vary from component to component. Although many vessels sell in auction place, some valuable species are sold to particulars. About induced employment, an estimation indicate that for one coastal or estuarian French Bay of Biscay fisherman, 9 persons work.  To complete PECOSUDE study, 5 peculiar areas enclosed in French sector were analysed (Loire estuary, Yeu island, Gironde, bassin d'Arcachon and Adour) taking into account halieutic as well as socio-economic aspects. The analysis carried out in those areas permit to detail specific fishing behaviour.
Tipo: | Text
Idioma: | Francês

Identificador:

http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00327/43795/43357.pdf

http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00327/43795/

Formato: | application/pdf

Fonte:

info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

restricted use