Data/hora: 02/06/2024 15:49:49

Provedor de dados: 	5	
País: 	France	
Título: 	Ciguatoxicity of Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa species from the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico	
Autores: 	Litaker, R. Wayne; Holland, William C.; Hardison, D. Ransom; Pisapia, Francesco; Hess, Philipp; Kibler, Steven R.; Tester, Patricia A.	
Data: 	2017-10	
Ano: 	2017	
Resumo: 	Dinoflagellate species belonging to the genera Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa produce ciguatoxins (CTXs), potent neurotoxins that concentrate in fish causing ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) in humans. While the structures and toxicities of ciguatoxins isolated from fish in the Pacific and Caribbean are known, there are few data on the variation in toxicity between and among species of Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa. Quantifying the differences in species-specific toxicity is especially important to developing an effective cell-based risk assessment strategy for CFP. This study analyzed the ciguatoxicity of 33 strains representing seven Gambierdiscus and one Fukuyoa species using a cell based Neuro-2a cytotoxicity assay. All strains were isolated from either the Caribbean or Gulf of Mexico. The average toxicity of each species was inversely proportional to growth rate, suggesting an evolutionary trade-off between an investment in growth versus the production of defensive compounds. While there is 2- to 27-fold variation in toxicity within species, there was a 1740-fold difference between the least and most toxic species. Consequently, production of CTX or CTX-like compounds is more dependent on the species present than on the random occurrence of high or low toxicity strains. Seven of the eight species tested (G. belizeanus, G. caribaeus, G. carolinianus, G. carpenteri, Gambierdiscus ribotype 2, G. silvae and F. ruetzleri) exhibited low toxicities, ranging from 0 to 24.5 fg CTX3C equivalents cell-1, relative to G. excentricus, which had a toxicity of 469 fg CTX3C eq. cell-1. Isolates of G. excentricus from other regions have shown similarly high toxicities. If the hypothesis that G. excentricus is the primary source of ciguatoxins in the Atlantic is confirmed, it should be possible to identify areas where CFP risk is greatest by monitoring only G. excentricus abundance using species-specific molecular assays.	
Tipo: 	Text	
Idioma: 	Inglês	
Identificador: 	https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00407/51839/52439.pdf

https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00407/51839/52440.tif

https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00407/51839/52441.pdf

https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00407/51839/52442.pdf

https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00407/51839/52443.pdf

DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0185776

https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00407/51839/	
Editor: 	Public Library Science	
Formato: 	application/pdf	
Fonte: 	Plos One (1932-6203) (Public Library Science), 2017-10 , Vol. 12 , N. 10 , P. e0185776 (1-19)	
Fonte: 	This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication.

info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

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