Data/hora: 01/06/2024 03:38:30

Provedor de dados: | 5
País: | France
Título: | Genetic improvement and selection in shellfish : a review based on oyster research and production
Autores: | Boudry, Pierre; Barre, Marc; Gerard, Andre.
Data: | 1997-04-28
Ano: | 1997
Palavras-chave: | Selective breeding; Hybridization; Polyplidy; Introduction; Oysters; Selection; Hybridation; Polyploidie; Introduction; Huitres.
Resumo: | Despite the economic importance of shellfish, genetic improvement has not yet had a great impact on these species. Shellfish farming is traditionally based on wild species whose natural populations are often overexploited and do not fulfill market demand. Up to now, the most effective answer to disease problems or for the improvement of productivity has been the introduction of new species. However, the introduction of new species is constrained by their ecological impact and is also limited by the availability of suitable species. Genetic improvement of local species should therefore be of great importance as a viable alternative for the long term sustainability of the shellfish industry. The different approaches to genetic improvement include polyploidization, hybridization and selection. Polyploidization has the most potential for immediate application to commercial breeding as triploid induction has already been achieved for many shellfish species. Comparative performance of triploids versus diploids has been studied in detail in oysters: triploids show better growth performances due to a reduced reproductive output and reduced energy requirement associated with greater heterozygosity. Hybridizations among species can also be a source of novelty, but interspecific hybrids often show reduced performance compared to their parents. Experimental breeding programs for disease resistance or growth performance show that heritable variation exists for these traits and that genetic improvement can be achieved by selection. At present, these breeding programs have yet to reach a scale enabling proper genetic diversity management, multi-site testing or effective improvement of the commercial stocks. Public research institutes, commercial bivalve hatcheries and shellfish farmers should cooperate to adopt selective breeding programs as an integral part of the husbandry of shellfish species.
Tipo: | Text
Idioma: | Inglês
Identificador: | http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1997/acte-3499.pdf
Editor: | Proceeding TECAM Seminar on Genetics and Breeding in the Mediterranean Aquaculture Species CIHEAM-FAO, Zaragoza (Spain) 28-20 april 1997
Relação: | http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/3499/
Formato: | application/pdf