Data/hora: 06/06/2024 08:44:14

Provedor de dados: | 55
País: | Brazil
Título: | Antimicrobial resistance in respiratory pathogens isolated in Brazil during 1999-2000
Autores: | Critchley,Ian A.; Blosser,Renée S.; Karlowsky,James A.; Yamakita,Juri; Barth,Alfonso; Sader,Helio S.; Mendes,Caio; Teixeira,Lucia; Rossi,Flavia; Dias,Cicero A. C.; Jones,Mark E.; Thornsberry,Clyde; Sahm,Daniel F.
Data: | 2001-12-01
Ano: | 2001
Palavras-chave: | Streptococcus pneumoniae; Antimicrobial resistance; Surveillance study; Respiratory pathogen.
Resumo: | The in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of the respiratory pathogens Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis to commonly tested and prescribed agents was investigated during 1999-2000 and compared with results obtained during a previous 1997-1998 study. Of 448 isolates of S. pneumoniae collected and tested in 1999-2000, 77.2% were susceptible, 19.9% were intermediate, and 2.9% were resistant to penicillin, demonstrating that there were no major changes in susceptibility to penicillin from 1997-1998 (77.1% susceptible, 18.7% intermediate, 4.2% resistant). All S. pneumoniae isolates from 1999-2000 were susceptible to levofloxacin and vancomycin, and &gt;90% were susceptible to the beta-lactams (amoxicillin-clavulanate, ceftriaxone, and cefuroxime) and macrolides (azithromycin and clarithromycin), showing that susceptibility to these agents also remained unchanged since 1997-1998. The most notable increase in resistance between the two studies was demonstrated by trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, which increased from 23.4% to 38.6%. Penicillin resistance correlated with resistance to beta-lactams, macrolides, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in both studies. In H. influenzae, the prevalence of beta-lactamase-producing isolates remained unchanged (10.6% in 1999-2000; 11.0% in 1997-1998). All H. influenzae isolates were susceptible to levofloxacin, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, and azithromycin, and showed no change between the two studies. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole resistance was present in 40.1% of isolates in 1999-2000, and in 45.2% in 1997-1998. In M. catarrhalis, the prevalence of beta-lactamase-producing isolates was unchanged (97.9% in 1999-2000; 98.0% in 1997-1998). The most active agents against M. catarrhalis were azithromycin (MIC90, &lt;0.03 mug/ml) and levofloxacin (MIC90, 0.03 mug/ml). Overall, these results suggest that, in Brazil, between 1999-2000 and 1997-1998, there have been no significant changes in the susceptibility of respiratory pathogens to any of the commonly tested and prescribed agents with the exception of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for S. pneumoniae.
Tipo: | Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Idioma: | Inglês
Identificador: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702001000600002
Editor: | Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases
Relação: | 10.1590/S1413-86702001000600002
Formato: | text/html
Fonte: | Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases  v.5 n.6 2001
Fonte: | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess