Data/hora: 07/06/2024 10:25:22

Provedor de dados: 	56	
País: 	Brazil	
Título: 	Pharmacology of human experimental anxiety	
Autores: 	Graeff,F.G.; Parente,A.; Del-Ben,C.M.; Guimarães,F.S.	
Data: 	2003-04-01	
Ano: 	2003	
Palavras-chave: 	Anxiety; Experimental anxiety; Humans; Anxiolytic drugs; Anxiety disorders.	
Resumo: 	This review covers the effect of drugs affecting anxiety using four psychological procedures for inducing experimental anxiety applied to healthy volunteers and patients with anxiety disorders. The first is aversive conditioning of the skin conductance responses to tones. The second is simulated public speaking, which consists of speaking in front of a video camera, with anxiety being measured with psychometric scales. The third is the Stroop Color-Word test, in which words naming colors are painted in the same or in a different shade, the incongruence generating a cognitive conflict. The last test is a human version of a thoroughly studied animal model of anxiety, fear-potentiated startle, in which the eye-blink reflex to a loud noise is recorded. The evidence reviewed led to the conclusion that the aversive conditioning and potentiated startle tests are based on classical conditioning of anticipatory anxiety. Their sensitivity to benzodiazepine anxiolytics suggests that these models generate an emotional state related to generalized anxiety disorder. On the other hand, the increase in anxiety determined by simulated public speaking is resistant to benzodiazepines and sensitive to drugs affecting serotonergic neurotransmission. This pharmacological profile, together with epidemiological evidence indicating its widespread prevalence, suggests that the emotional state generated by public speaking represents a species-specific response that may be related to social phobia and panic disorder. Because of scant pharmacological data, the status of the Stroop Color-Word test remains uncertain. In spite of ethical and economic constraints, human experimental anxiety constitutes a valuable tool for the study of the pathophysiology of anxiety disorders.	
Tipo: 	Info:eu-repo/semantics/article	
Idioma: 	Inglês	
Identificador: 	http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2003000400003	
Editor: 	Associação Brasileira de Divulgação Científica	
Relação: 	10.1590/S0100-879X2003000400003	
Formato: 	text/html	
Fonte: 	Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research  v.36 n.4 2003	
Fonte: 	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess