Data/hora: 09/06/2024 09:44:14

Provedor de dados: | 89
País: | Brazil
Título: | Meeting embryonic requirements of broilers throughout incubation: a review
Autores: | Molenaar,R; Reijrink,IAM; Meijerhof,R; Van den Brand,H.
Data: | 2010-09-01
Ano: | 2010
Palavras-chave: | Broiler embryos; CO2 concentration; Incubation; Relative humidity; Temperature.
Resumo: | During incubation of chicken embryos, environmental conditions, such as temperature, relative humidity, and CO2 concentration, must be controlled to meet embryonic requirements that change during the different phases of embryonic development. In the current review, the effects of embryo temperature, egg weight loss, and CO2 concentration on hatchability, hatchling quality, and subsequent performance are discussed from an embryonic point of view. In addition, new insights related to the incubation process are described. Several studies have shown that a constant eggshell temperature (EST) of 37.5 to 38.0°C throughout incubation results in the highest hatchability, hatchling quality, and subsequent performance. Egg weight loss must be between 6.5 and 14.0% of the initial egg weight, to obtain an adequate air cell size before the embryo internally pips. An increased CO2 concentration during the developmental phase of incubation (first 10 days) can accelerate embryonic development and hatchability, but the physiological mechanisms of this acceleration are not completely understood. Effects of ar increased CO2 concentration during late incubation also need further investigation. The preincubation warming profile, thermal manipulation, and in ovo feeding are new insights related to the incubation process and show that the optimal situation for the embryo during incubation highly depends on the conditions of the eggs before (storage duration) and during incubation (environmental conditions) and on the conditions of the chickens after hatching (environmental temperature).
Tipo: | Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Idioma: | Inglês
Identificador: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2010000300001
Editor: | Fundação APINCO de Ciência e Tecnologia Avícolas
Relação: | 10.1590/S1516-635X2010000300001
Formato: | text/html
Fonte: | Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science  v.12 n.3 2010
Fonte: | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess