Consulta: creatorFacets:"Callier, Myriam"
Registros recuperados: 22
Data/hora: 14/06/2024 03:45:18

Body size and temperature effects on standard metabolic rate for determining metabolic scope for activity of the polychaete     Hediste (Nereis) diversicolor
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lopes Galasso, Helena; Richard, Marion; Lefebvre, Sebastien; Aliaume, Catherine; Callier, Myriam.
Considering the ecological importance and potential value of Hediste diversicolor, a better understanding of its metabolic rate and potential growth rates is required. The aims of this study are: (i) to describe key biometric relationships; (ii) to test the effects of temperature and body size on standard metabolic rate (as measure by oxygen consumption) to determine critical parameters, namely Arrhenius temperature (TA), allometric coefficient (b) and reaction rate; and (iii) to determine the metabolic scope for activity (MSA) of H. diversicolor for further comparison with published specific growth rates. Individuals were collected in a Mediterranean lagoon (France). After 10 days of acclimatization, 7 days at a fixed temperature and 24 h of fasting,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Annelida; Deposit-feeder; Oxygen consumption; Allometric coefficient; Arrhenius temperature; Aerobic scope; Growth.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00465/57682/59885.pdf

Shift in benthic assemblages and organisms’ diet at salmon farms: community structure and stable isotope analyses
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Callier, Myriam; Lefebvre, Sebastien; Dunagan, Mary K.; Bataille, Marie-paule; Coughlan, Jennifer; Crowe, Tasman P.
The extent of the influence of salmon farming on the environment and on the uptake of particulate and dissolved effluents by benthic organisms was assessed using community structure and stable isotope analyses. Sediment cores were collected in 2 directions: perpendicular and parallel to the main residual current, 0, 25 and 200 m from 2 salmon farms (Millstone and Cranford) located in Mulroy Bay, Ireland. In addition, artificial substrates were placed for 2 mo at 1 m depth 0, 25 and 200 m from one farm to trace the uptake of farm-related nutrients by fouling organisms. The extent of measurable change in benthic communities (abundance, diversity, structure, trophic composition) depended on residual current direction. Intraspecific variation in isotopic...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Aquaculture; Organic matter; Stable isotope; Community structure; Diet shift; Trophic structure.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00144/25481/23634.pdf

La recherche pour un développement durable de la pisciculture marine
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Roque D'Orbcastel, Emmanuelle; Coves, Denis; Chatain, Beatrice; Callier, Myriam.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00487/59825/62968.pdf

A participatory approach frame to integrated social aspect in LCA: the case of aquaculture systems
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mathe, Syndhia; Aubin, Joel; Wilfart, Aurélie; Rey-valette, Helene; Slembrouck, Jacques; Ediwarman,; Fontaine, Pascal; Tocqueville, Aurélien; Blancheton, Jean-paul; Callier, Myriam.
Identification of relevant social impact indicators for a Social Life Cycle Assessment (SLCA) is still difficult and poorly documented (Jorgensen, et al, 2009). In aquaculture systems, the studies based on social aspects are essentially focused on manpower or on conflicts with other activities . In the PISCEnLit project**, we aim to broaden the vision of social impacts of fish farming systems using a new approach of SLCA. We studied fish farming pond systems in France (Lorraine and Brenne) and Indonesia (Tangkit Baru and Kumpeh Ulu in Sumatra island). In this study, we focused on the choice of the impact categories using the participation of stakeholders (James et al., 2002) by the identification and selection of the relevant social impacts to be assessed....
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00116/22717/20486.pdf

AQUAMED - The future of research on aquaculture in the Mediterranean region. Report : 2nd Open Multi-Stakeholder Platform Meeting Istanbul, Turkey, 20 - 21 May 2012
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Marino, Giovanna; Bello-gomez, Emma; Blancheton, Jean-paul; Callier, Myriam; Rigos, George; Alistair, Lane; Avila-zaragoza, Pablo; Vielmini, Ilaria; Zizah, Soukaina; Mozes, Noam.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00167/27845/26063.pdf

The potential of near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to measure the chemical composition of aquaculture solid waste
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lopes Galasso, Helena; Callier, Myriam; Bastianelli, Denis; Blancheton, Jean-paul; Aliaume, Catherine.
In aquaculture, it is extremely important to determine the composition of fish farm waste to evaluate its potential impacts and to improve its reuse. Near-infra red spectroscopy (NIRS), an alternative to standard chemical analytical techniques, is a quick non-invasive method to assess physical and chemical composition, reducing the cost of routine analysis. We developed NIRS calibration models for organic matter (OM), total organic carbon (TOC), total organic nitrogen (TON), the carbon/nitrogen ratio (C/N), total phosphorus (TP) and the lipid content of marine fish particulate waste. To obtain a wide range of compositions of fish waste, decomposition time, feed loss, and inter-specific variations were taken into account. The NIRS calibration models were...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Near infrared spectroscopy; Fish farm waste; Faeces; Dicentrarchus labrax; Chemical composition.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00382/49369/49771.pdf

Farmed bivalve loss due to seabream predation in the French Mediterranean Prevost Lagoon
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Richard, Marion; Forget, Fabien; Mignucci, Alexandre; Mortreux, Serge; Le Gall, Patrik; Callier, Myriam; Weise, Am; Mckindsey, Cw; Bourjea, Jerome.
Bivalve predation by seabream has been observed worldwide and is a major concern for bivalve farmers. Farmed bivalve-seabream interactions must be better understood to ensure the sustainability of bivalve aquaculture. The objectives of this study were to characterize gilthead seabream Sparus aurata presence in a bivalve farm in Prevost Lagoon (Mediterranean Sea) using acoustic telemetry and to evaluate monthly losses of mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis and oysters Crassostrea gigas due to seabream predation over an 18 mo period inside the farm and at an unprotected experimental platform. Large (281 to 499 mm TL) seabream were more commonly detected in the bivalve farm than were small (200 to 280 mm TL) seabream. In contrast to small seabream, 90% of large...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Shellfish culture; Sparus aurata; Size; Acoustic telemetry; Crassostrea gigas; Mytilus galloprovincialis; Oyster; Mussel.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00663/77515/79299.pdf

Changes in planktonic microbial components in interaction with juvenile oysters during a mortality episode in the Thau lagoon (France)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Richard, Marion; Bec, Beatrice; Vanhuysse, Charles; Mas, Sébastien; Parin, David; Chantalat, Camila; Le Gall, Patrik; Fiandrino, Annie; Lagarde, Franck; Mortreux, Serge; Ouisse, Vincent; Rolland, Jean-luc; Degut, Anaïs; Hatey, Elise; Fortune, Martine; Roque D'Orbcastel, Emmanuelle; Messiaen, Gregory; Munaron, Dominique; Callier, Myriam; Oheix, Jocelyne; Derolez, Valerie; Mostajir, Behzad.
Oysters modify the planktonic microbial community structure by their filtration and NH4 excretion activities. While many studies have been conducted on this subject with adult oysters, none had been carried out in situ with juveniles. Pacific oyster juveniles (Magallana gigas, previously Crassostrea gigas) died massively all over the world since 2008 in relation with OsHV-1 infection. During mortality episodes, sick and dead oysters are not separated from healthy live ones, and left to decay in the surrounding environment, with unknown consequences for the nutrient cycle and planktonic microbial components (PMC). The present study aimed to elucidate for the first time the interactions between oyster juveniles and PMC during a mortality episode. Innovative...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Magallana gigas; Crassostrea gigas; Spat; OsHV-1 mu Var; Mortality; Picoplankton; Heterotrophic flagellates; Ciliates; Uronema; Balanion.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00474/58559/61115.pdf

Modeling sea cage outputs for data-scarce areas: application to red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) aquaculture in Mayotte, Indian Ocean
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Chary, Killian; Fiandrino, Annie; Coves, Denis; Aubin, Joel; Falguiere, Jean-claude; Callier, Myriam.
Robust and accurate prediction of fish farm waste is a first and crucial step in managing the cause-effect chain that leads to local environmental impacts of aquaculture. Since aquatic production is diversifying with new fish species and extending to new areas for which data can be scarce, it is important to develop parsimonious approaches with fewer data requirements and less scientific complexity. We developed the Farm productIon and Nutrient emiSsions (FINS) model, which simulates fish farm operation and estimates fish biomass, feed inputs, and waste emissions from sea cages using simple modeling approaches and a variety of data sources. We applied FINS to red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) culture in Mayotte by collecting relevant input data (growth,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Aquaculture waste modeling; CNP mass balance; Farming scenarios; Feed digestibility; Individual-based growth model; Red drum.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00498/61003/64475.pdf

Foam fractionation efficiency of a vacuum airlift—Application to particulate matter removal in recirculating systems
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Barrut, Bertrand; Blancheton, Jean-paul; Callier, Myriam; Champagne, Jean-yves; Grasmick, Alain.
The accumulation of particulate organic matter (POM) in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) has become an important issue with the intensification of finfish production. The objective of this study was to assess the foam fractionation efficiency of a vacuum airlift in different conditions (POM concentrations, airflow rates, bubble sizes, water renewal rates and feed addition). In sea water, the vacuum airlift allowed removing 20% of the initial POM concentration per hour (foam fractionation efficiency), corresponding to a 20.7-fold concentration factor between the tank and the foam. In rearing conditions, efficiency increased with decreasing water renewal rate or increasing POM concentration. An increase in airflow rate from 10 to 80 L min−1 in the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: POM; Vacuum airlift; Foam fractionation efficiency; RAS; Aquaculture.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00138/24910/23576.pdf

Spatial distribution and nutritional requirements of the endosymbiont-bearing bivalve Loripes lacteus (sensu Poli, 1791) in a Mediterranean Nanozostera noltii (Hornemann) meadow
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Rossi, Francesca; Colao, Elodie; Jose Martinez, Maria; Klein, Judith C.; Carcaillet, Frederique; Callier, Myriam; De Wit, Rutger; Caro, Audrey.
Sulphur-oxidising endosymbiont-bearing bivalves often inhabit seagrass meadows, where they can control sulphide levels and variably contribute to carbon cycling, by feeding on endosymbiotic bacteria and/or on particulate organic matter from the water column. The patterns of variability in their feeding mode and their spatial distribution within the seagrass meadows are however poorly studied. Seagrass beds form naturally patchy habitats with seagrass-sand edges that may have variable effects on different organisms. The present study aims at understanding differences in feeding mode and abundance of the endosymbiont-bearing bivalve Loripes lacteus (sensu Poli, 1791) as well as the physiological conditions of its endosymbiotic populations between edge and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bivalve; Food web; Mediterranean; Seagrass; Stable isotopes; Symbiosis.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00138/24911/26373.pdf

Integrated multi-trophic aquaculture of red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) and sea cucumber (Holothuria scabra): Assessing bioremediation and life-cycle impacts
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Chary, Killian; Aubin, Joël; Sadoul, Bastien; Fiandrino, Annie; Covès, Denis; Callier, Myriam.
Environmental sustainability of aquaculture is a complex issue involving effects at local (e.g. benthic deterioration), regional (e.g. eutrophication) and global (e.g. catches for feed production) scales as a consequence of farming operations (e.g. waste emissions) and industrial processes involved in the product value chain. Integrating these effects using a holistic and multi-scale framework is essential to assess the environmental sustainability of innovative production systems such as Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA), in which organisms of different trophic levels are co-cultured on the same farm to minimize aquaculture waste. The environmental performances of theoretical production scenarios of red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) sea cage...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA); Life cycle assessment (LCA); Bioremediation; Culture scenario; Sea cucumber.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00588/70051/67990.pdf

Bioremediation of fishpond effluent and production of microalgae for an oyster farm in an innovative recirculating integrated multi-trophic aquaculture system
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Li, Meng; Callier, Myriam; Blancheton, Jean-paul; Galès, Amandine; Nahon, Sarah; Triplet, Sebastien; Geoffroy, Thibault; Menniti, Christophe; Fouilland, Eric; Roque D'Orbcastel, Emmanuelle.
Integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) systems are a promising solution for sustainable aquaculture combining nutrient recycling with increased biomass production. An innovative land-based recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) was studied in France for a 60-day experiment. It combined a European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) RAS with two other production systems: high rate algal ponds (HRAP) with natural marine polyspecific algal assemblages, and oysters in separate open tanks. The objective was the assessment of: 1) the efficiency and the stability of the microalgae bioremediation of the effluent from a fish RAS in spring and summer, 2) the abundance and the diversity patterns of the microalgae biomass for consumption in the oyster compartment of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microalgae; IMTA; Nutrient bioremediation; Community structure; Oysters.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00480/59207/61900.pdf

Effect of dietary water content on European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) growth and disease resistance
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Przybyla, Cyrille; Fievet, Julie; Callier, Myriam; Blancheton, Jean-paul.
The effect of dietary water content on Dicentrarchus labrax growth parameters and resistance to Vibrio anguillarum infection was investigated using commercial pellets with identical energy contents and different moisture levels. The first experiment hypothesis was that moisturizing pelleted ration can have an impact on Dicentrarchus labrax growth performance by the osmoregulation energy cost reduction. In a second time, the experiment explores the effect of water addition in pellets on the fish resistance to a disease. A specific device was built to uniformly moisturize dry pellets to different moisture levels, i.e. 8%, 20%, 40% and 60%. After an acclimation period and a 54-day rearing period, the control fish had grown from 72.7 +/- 17.9 g to 133.3 +/-...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Fish aquaculture; Dietary moisture content; Feed pellets; Fish growth; Immunity; Dicentrarchus labrax; Vibrio anguillarum.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00248/35927/34446.pdf

Focus : Marine Nature Park of Mayotte, a case study
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Callier, Myriam; Giannasi, Paul; Coves, Denis.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00430/54140/55469.pdf

Attraction and repulsion of mobile wild organisms to finfish and shellfish aquaculture: a review
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Callier, Myriam; Byron, Carrie J.; Bengtson, David A.; Cranford, Peter J.; Cross, Stephen F.; Focken, Ulfert; Jansen, Henrice M.; Kamermans, Pauline; Kiessling, Anders; Landry, Thomas; O'Beirn, Francis; Petersson, Erik; Rheault, Robert B.; Strand, Oivind; Sundell, Kristina; Svasand, Terje; Wikfors, Gary H.; Mckindsey, Christopher W.
Knowledge of aquaculture–environment interactions is essential for the development of a sustainable aquaculture industry and efficient marine spatial planning. The effects of fish and shellfish farming on sessile wild populations, particularly infauna, have been studied intensively. Mobile fauna, including crustaceans, fish, birds and marine mammals, also interact with aquaculture operations, but the interactions are more complex and these animals may be attracted to (attraction) or show an aversion to (repulsion) farm operations with various degrees of effects. This review outlines the main mechanisms and effects of attraction and repulsion of wild animals to/from marine finfish cage and bivalve aquaculture, with a focus on effects on fisheries-related...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Aquaculture; Artificial reefs; Attraction; Farm waste; Fish aggregating devices; Repulsion; Wild population.
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00406/51737/52435.pdf

Aquaculture and marine protected areas: Potential opportunities and synergies
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Gouvello, Raphaela; Hochart, Laure-elise; Laffoley, Dan; Simard, Francois; Andrade, Carlos; Angel, Dror; Callier, Myriam; De Monbrison, David; Fezzardi, Davide; Haroun, Ricardo; Harris, Alasdair; Hughes, Adam; Massa, Fabio; Roque D'Orbcastel, Emmanuelle; Soto, Doris; Stead, Selina; Marino, Giovanna.
To meet the Convention on Biological Diversity's Aichi Target 11 on marine biodiversity protection and Aichi Target 6 on sustainable fisheries by 2020, as well as the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2 on food security and SDG 14 on oceans by 2030, there is an urgent need to rethink how best to reconcile nature conservation and sustainable development. This paper argues for effective governance to support processes that apply principles of sustainable development and an ecosystem approach to decide about economic activities at sea such as aquaculture. It describes opportunities, benefits and synergies between aquaculture and MPAs as a basis for wider debate. The scope is not a comprehensive analysis of aquaculture and MPAs, but rather to present examples...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Aquaculture; Ecosystem approach; Environmental impact assessment; Littoral; Marine protected area; Ocean; Sublittoral.
Ano: 2017
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00398/50969/51848.pdf

Bio-physiological response of biofilter algal candidate Ulva sp. to different nitrogen forms and fluxes
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Moustafa, Yasser T. A.; Bougaran, Gael; Callier, Myriam; Blancheton, Jean-paul.
The present study was carried out to study the long term effect of different nitrogen forms and concentrations (14.3, 28.6 and 57.1 µM N-NH4 and 214, 2360 and 3700 µM N-NO3) on the photosynthesis and relative growth rate (RGR) of Ulva sp. for five weeks. Nutrient-enriched seawater was supplied at an exchange rate of between 12.6 and 14.4 volumes per day. Relative growth rate was determined weekly. Photosynthetic oxygen evolution response was measured using 20 - 25 mg fresh weight seaweed incubated in a DW3 measuring chamber for 56 min under different irradiances with light and dark periods alternating every seven minutes. Photosynthetic light-response curves were drawn using 15 photosynthetic oxygen evolution readings normalized to dry weight. Experimental...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ulva sp.; Photosynthetic oxygen evolution; Relative growth rate; Nitrogen forms; Nutrients uptake.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00251/36259/34807.pdf

Guide de mise en oeuvre de l'intensification écologique pour les systèmes aquacoles
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Aubin, Joel; Rey-valette, Helene; Mathe, Syndhia; Wilfart, Aurelie; Legendre, Marc; Slembrouck, Jacques; Chia, Eduardo; Masson, G; Callier, Myriam; Blancheton, Jean-paul; Tocqueville, Aurélien; Caruso, Domenico; Fontaine, P.
Ce guide a été réalisé dans le cadre du projet de recherche pluridisciplinaire PISCEnLIT financé par l’Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR, programme SYSTERRA).  L’objectif était d’identifier des voies d’intensification écologique de l’aquaculture à partir de cas d’étude diversifiés.  Ce guide est le fruit d’une co-construction rassemblant des chercheurs de diverses disciplines des sciences sociales et des sciences du vivant ainsi que des représentants d’institutions et d’organisations de producteurs dans le domaine de l’aquaculture, en France et dans les pays partenaires (Brésil, Indonésie).
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Intensification écologique; GUIDE; Systèmes aquacoles.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00177/28851/27333.pdf

Influence of OSHV-1 oyster mortality episode on dissolved inorganic fluxes: An ex situ experiment at the individual scale
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Richard, Marion; Bourreau, Juliette; Montagnani, Caroline; Ouisse, Vincent; Le Gall, Patrik; Fortune, Martine; Munaron, Dominique; Messiaen, Gregory; Callier, Myriam; Roque D'Orbcastel, Emmanuelle.
Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1 μvar) infection has caused significant mortalities in juvenile oysters (Crassostrea gigas). In contrast to the practices of other animal production industries, sick and dead oysters are not separated from live ones and are left to decay in the surrounding environment, with unknown consequences on fluxes of dissolved materials. A laboratory approach was used in this study to test the influence of oyster mortality episode on dissolved inorganic fluxes at the oyster interface, dissociating (i) the effect of viral infection on metabolism of juvenile oysters and (ii) the effect of flesh decomposition on oxygen consumption and nutrient releases at the individual scale. Nine batches of juvenile oysters (Individual Total wet weight...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Mortality; Ostreid herpesvirus 1; Juvenile; Spat; Mineralisation; Oxygen consumption; Nutrient fluxes.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00378/48973/49380.pdf

Scenarios of fish waste deposition at the sub-lagoon scale: a modelling approach for aquaculture zoning and site selection
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Chary, Killian; Callier, Myriam; Coves, Denis; Aubin, Joel; Simon, Julien; Fiandrino, Annie.
Spatial planning, including zoning and site-selection steps, is necessary to determine locations that minimize environmental impacts of aquaculture and respect ecosystem carrying capacities. This study aimed to analyse potential benthic waste deposition in a broad range of fish farming situations to facilitate zoning. To this end, we simulated waste dispersion for 54 aquaculture scenarios combining three red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) farm types (Small, Medium, and Large) based on real farm characteristics and 36 sites with contrasting hydrodynamics in Mayotte’s North-East Lagoon. Key forcing variables and parameters of the particle-dispersion model for farms (layout and solid waste fluxes), species (feed- and faeces-settling velocities) and sites (depth...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Aquaculture zones; Carrying-capacity; Environmental impact; Hydrodynamics; NewDEPOMOD; Particle dispersion; Red drum; Scenario analysis.
Ano: 2021
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00666/77810/79985.pdf

Influence of suspended and off-bottom mussel culture on the sea bottom and benthic habitats: a review
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mckindsey, Christopher W.; Archambault, Philippe; Callier, Myriam; Olivier, Frederic.
Aquaculture is the fastest growing sector of the food industry, raising concerns about the influence of this activity on the environment. We take a holistic approach to review off-bottom and suspended mussel culture effects on the benthic environment and benthic communities. Both longline and "bouchot" mussel culture add much physical structure (infrastructure and mussels) to the environment, altering hydrosedimentary processes by modifying currents and increasing sedimentation locally, and providing habitat for many benthic organisms. Biodeposition from mussels and these organisms increases benthic organic loading and linked biogeochemical processes to influence O(2), pH, redox potentials, dissolved sulphides, and other sediment parameters, benthic...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15489/12963.pdf