Consulta: creatorFacets:"Cullen,   Ross"
Registros recuperados: 33
Data/hora: 01/06/2024 03:17:33

The Implications of the Resource Management Act to Property Rights in Agriculture Land Use in New Zealand
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gan,   Christopher E.C.; Cullen,   Ross.
The Resource Management Act 1991 sets new standards for environmental regulations in New Zealand. The emphasis of the legislation is on property rights and market solutions. This paper is concerned with the limits to market solutions in the presence of externalities and potentially high transaction costs.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12360

Factors influencing adoption of agroforestry among smallholder farmers in Zambia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kabwe,   Gillian; Bigsby,   Hugh R.; Cullen,   Ross.
Agroforestry technologies have been extensively researched and introduced to smallholder farmers in Zambia for over two decades. Despite the research and extension effort over this period, not many farmers have adopted these technologies. The purpose of this paper is to determine why agroforestry technologies are not being taken up by examining factors that influence the adoption of agroforestry practices. Based on data obtained from 388 farming households, statistical analysis show an association between adoption of both improved fallows and biomass transfer technologies with knowledge of the technology, availability of seed, and having the appropriate skills. In addition some household characteristics are found to be linked to the incidence of adoption....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agroforestry adoption; Smallholder farmers; Limitations to adoption; Chi-square tests of independence analysis; Zambia; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97135

An Emergent Economics of Ecosystem Management
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hearnshaw,   Edward J.S.; Cullen,   Ross; Hughey,   Kenneth F.D.
Economics is an evolving and emerging field of study, so is the management of ecosystems. As such, this paper delineates the co-evolution of economic evaluation that reflects the various recognized ecosystem management approaches of anticipative, adaptive and capacitive ecosystem management. Each management approach is critiqued and from this theoretical analysis an emergent approach for the management of ecosystem is put forward, which accordingly suggests an alternative methodological approach for economic evaluations.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Complexity; Creativity; Economic evaluation; Ecosystem management; Evolution; Open systems; Rationality; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31957

Public Perceptions of New Zealand's Environment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cullen,   Ross; Hughey,   Kenneth F.D.; Kerr,   Geoffrey N.
Beginning in 2000 Lincoln University has completed biennial surveys of people's perceptions of the state of the New Zealand environment. The surveys use the Pressure-State-Response framework for state of the environment reporting to assess resources such as air quality, native plants and animals, native forest and bush, soils, beaches and coastal waters, marine fisheries, marine reserves, freshwaters, national parks, wetlands, urban environments, and the natural environment compared to other developed nations. They also examine participation in environmentally friendly activities, the most important environmental issues facing New Zealanders and a range of other issues. Individual case studies are also undertaken: in 2000 natural hazards; in 2002 the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Public perceptions; Environment; Survey; New Zealand; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31958

The Sustainability and Cost-Effectiveness of Water Storage Projects on Canterbury Rivers: The Opihi River Case
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hearnshaw,   Edward J.S.; Cullen,   Ross.
There is an increasing demand for water resources in the Canterbury region. The impact of this demand has lead to unacceptable minimum river flows, which has resulted in adverse affects to river ecology. In an effort to resolve this problem water storage projects have gained considerable attention. However, in order to consider all values of the impact of water storage projects, a systematic way of implementing an ecosystem services approach is developed. This ecosystem services approach coupled with various appropriate analytical methods are developed for the purposes of evaluating the cost-effectiveness of water storage projects and the sustainability of river systems impacted by water storage projects. For the purposes of evaluating the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cost utility analysis; Ecosystem services; Ecosystem services index; Indicators; Sustainability; Water storage projects; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97265

Potential economic impacts of providing for Aquaculture Management Areas in Canterbury
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Meyer-Hubbert,   Gerit; Cullen,   Ross.
This research estimates the commercial costs and benefits associated with selected aquaculture projects in the Canterbury region. Mussel farming employment will most likely be generated in coastal communities that at present have few employment opportunities. These communities are likely to profit as well from increased infrastructure needs for the marine farming enterprise. Any development in the marine farming industry will take many years to reach full potential. This means that the costs and benefits from increased marine farming activities will be staggered over a number of years. It is acknowledged that the gains might be achieved at different locations than the losses occur. The effects on other stakeholders are often uncertain.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Mussel farming; Economic impact; Scenarios; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97787

New Zealand freshwater management and agricultural impacts
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cullen,   Ross; Hughey,   Kenneth F.D.; Kerr,   Geoffrey N.
In New Zealand, it is increasingly recognised, including by government, that water resource allocation and water quality are issues of national importance. Agriculture is frequently portrayed by public media as a major user of water and a major contributor to worsening water quality. We outline the water management systems in New Zealand, and the use of water by agriculture. Official reports on agriculture’s impact on New Zealand water availability and quality are summarised. We report how the New Zealand public perceive water, its management, and the roles of agriculture in water issues. Data from a nationwide mail survey were analysed to determine how New Zealanders assess the state of New Zealand lakes, rivers and streams, and aquifers, the performance...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Environmental economics; Perceptions survey; Water allocation; Water quality; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/116965

Priorities for, and preferred approaches to, management of New Zealand fresh waters
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hughey,   Kenneth F.D.; Kerr,   Geoffrey N.; Cullen,   Ross; Shen,   Fujun.
Since 2000 six standardised biennial public surveys of the state of the New Zealand environment have been undertaken. A fresh water case study was included in the 2010 postal survey and in an electronic survey. Desirable futures for New Zealand's fresh water resources, sources of damage to freshwater, preferred management approaches, and views about charges for commercial uses of water are reported. Respondents desire high quality water, are not prepared to trade that off for damaging economic gains, and support charges for commercial uses of water. We report public preferences for tools to manage water use.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Public perceptions; Fresh water; New Zealand; Economic instruments; Management; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Health Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96943

Effectiveness and cost effectiveness of Yellow-Eyed Penguin conservation measures
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Busch,   Jonah; Cullen,   Ross.
Although an estimated US$6 billion is invested annually in our planet’s biological diversity, little research has been conducted on which conservation treatments work best or provide best value for money. Conserving biodiversity efficiently depends on identifying conservation treatments which provide greatest return on investment. Where controlled experiments are not possible, panel econometric techniques can be used to determine the effectiveness of conservation treatments. A long-running Yellow-Eyed Penguin (Megadyptes antipodes) nest count in New Zealand presents a golden opportunity to compare the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of three commonly used conservation treatments—trapping of introduced predators, revegetation, and intensive management....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6012

Valuing agricultural externalities in Canterbury rivers and streams
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tait,   Peter R.; Cullen,   Ross; Bicknell,   Kathryn.
Water quality and quantity concerns in Canterbury are intrinsically related to agriculture. Monetary values for impacts on streams and rivers is lacking in policy debate. This paper employs choice modelling to estimate values of three impacts on rivers and streams in Canterbury associated with agriculture: health risks of E coli from animal waste, ecological effects of excess nutrients, and low-flow impacts of irrigation. This study provides a valuation of outcomes for public policy implemented in Canterbury such as The Dairy and Clean Streams Accord, Living Streams, and The Restorative Programme for Lowland Streams.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Non-market-valuation; Choice experiment; Agricultural externalities; New Zealand; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96445

Public perceptions – issues in where we want rural New Zealand to head in the 21st Century
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hughey,   Kenneth F.D.; Cullen,   Ross; Kerr,   Geoffrey N.
The ongoing biennial environmental perceptions survey has been used to consider issues when setting future directions for rural New Zealand in the 21st Century. The overall state of the environment is very good, although freshwater rates the lowest of all resources considered. At a more local level there is considerable concern about lowland streams, rivers and lakes. Farming is increasingly blamed for damaging freshwater and a range of other resources. There are important demographic differences. Those employed in resource based industries are much more positive about specific water resources than are others – anglers are more pessimistic. New Zealanders want an improved future for the rural environment and are willing to contribute. Achieving...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Perception surveys; Rural futures; Issues; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96447

Financing threatened species management: the costs of single species programmes and the budget constraint
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Moran,   Emma; Cullen,   Ross; Hughey,   Kenneth F.D.
In New Zealand total annual funding allows 15 percent of the 2,400 threatened species to be targeted for management. Although management costs are crucial to a conservation organisation's ability to achieve its goals, estimates of costs are not usually included in applications for funding or the preparation of recovery plans. Cost is also not generally a factor in priority ranking systems and cost-effectiveness analysis is rarely conducted. Using the results of analysis of 11 single species programmes for 2003-2012, this paper investigates the costs of management. It also considers the impact of the budget constraint on outcomes, cost-effectiveness, and investment.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Threatened species; Management; Cost; Budget constraint; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98498

Using involvement to understand responses to biosecurity
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bewsell,   Denise; Bigsby,   Hugh R.; Cullen,   Ross.
The effectiveness of biosecurity measures at national borders is influenced by the behaviour and levels of involvement of travellers. Involvement is the importance or relevance of an object or situation to an individual. Involvement helps regulate the way in which people receive and process information and thus influences the extent of information searching for decision making, and information processing and persuasion. In this study, we drew on the concept of involvement to investigate the response of individuals to New Zealand biosecurity requirements. A range of people associated with the agricultural and food processing sectors were surveyed using a five item scale of involvement to measure their level of involvement in biosecurity. The results...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Behaviour; Involvement; Biosecurity; Travellers; Information processing; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97134

Preliminary Investigation Into The Benefits From Investments In Environmental Research: Case Studies on Water Clarity/Quality and  The Biological Management of Possums
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cullen,   Ross; Hughey,   Kenneth F.D.; Meyer-Hubbert,   Gerit; Bicknell,   Kathryn; Meister,   Anton D.; Smallman,   Clive; Su-Wuen,   Ong.
MoRST is performing an evaluation of the funds invested in environmental research. The two case studies discussed in this paper contribute to the ongoing decision-making about this investment. Substantial funds have been invested in both research programmes identified. Because the main benefits associated with research output are environmental, they are difficult to value monetarily. Preliminary analysis suggests that at a discount rate of 6%, annual future benefit flows of $7 - $10 million will justify the water quality/clarity research. The expenditure on possum biocontrol will be justified if the research generates an annual future benefit flow of $20 million.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cost benefit analysis; Returns to research; Environmental research; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97788

Determinants of Forestry Investment and Extent of Forestry Expansion by Smallholders in New Zealand
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dhakal,   Bhubaneswor; Bigsby,   Hugh R.; Cullen,   Ross.
While there has been a large increase in investment in plantation forestry in New Zealand by smallholders during the past decade, there are still many smallholders who have chosen not to become involved in this land use or who are using only a portion of their potentially planted land for forestry.  To understand why this is the case, this paper studies two issues, the differences between those who have and have not established plantation forests, and the factors that explain the proportion of land used in forestry by small landholders who have identified that they have potentially plantable land.  Land used for forest plantations is treated as a two-step decision process, where first a landowner must decide whether they would consider planting trees at...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Forestry investment; Land use change; Non-industrial forests; Double hurdle model; Land Economics/Use; Q15; Q23.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50016

Poverty Alleviation or Aggravation? The Impacts of Community Forestry Policies in Nepal
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dhakal,   Bhubaneswor; Bigsby,   Hugh R.; Cullen,   Ross.
This research studies the effects on income and employment when externally imposed policies constrain use of common forest resources. Using a mixed-integer linear programming model, the study examines the impacts of conservation-oriented community forest policies in Nepal on three household income groups. The results show that current community forest policies, which direct forest use towards environment conservation and timber production, cause large reductions in employment and income of the poorest households and largely explain the recent increase in rural poverty.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Community forestry; Policy; Poverty; Nepal; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q1.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25576

Alternative to Comprehensive Ecosystem Services Markets: The Contribution of Forest-Related Programs in New Zealand
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bhatta,   Arun; Bigsby,   Hugh R.; Cullen,   Ross.
Due to the public goods characteristics of many ecosystem services and their vital importance to human welfare, various mechanisms have been put in place to motivate private landowners in the provision of ecosystem services. A common approach is to try to develop a comprehensive ecosystem services market where landowners can receive payments from beneficiaries of ecosystem services. Much research has been directed at developing methods for valuing the range of ecosystem services so that they can be incorporated into ecosystem services markets. However, valuation methods are difficult, expensive and time consuming. Other approaches to the provision of ecosystem services such as payments for ecosystem services usually focus on a single service like water or...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem services market; Spill-over effect; Cost-effectiveness; New Zealand; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/115350

Investments in Environmental Research, Science and Technology: Their Impacts on Irrigation and Mussel Farming
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cullen,   Ross; Hughey,   Kenneth F.D.; Meyer-Hubbert,   Gerit; Bicknell,   Kathryn; Meister,   Anton D.; Smallman,   Clive; Su-Wuen,   Ong.
MoRST is evaluating the Environmental Research output class of the Public Good Science Fund to identify inter alia the impacts of Environmental RS&amp;T spending. Three specific questions are: How effective has the funding on Environmental RS&amp;T been? Is Environmental RS&amp;T having a positive effect by delivering real benefits to New Zealand, particularly to the environment? What influences the link between research and tangible positive benefits? This paper reports how case studies applied to irrigated agriculture and mussel farming were used to provide partial answers to these three questions. The case studies proceed by noting the possible benefits that Environmental RS&amp;T may have created, and then tracing the link back to specific research...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environmental RS&amp;T; Benefits; Irrigation; Agriculture; Mussel farming; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97783

Addressing the wicked problem of water resource management: An ecosystem services approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hearnshaw,   Edward J.S.; Tompkins,   Jean-Marie; Cullen,   Ross.
This paper develops a systematic assessment of the sustainability of ecosystem services provided by rivers impacted by water storage projects. Given the conflicting preferences amongst stakeholders and the incomplete, uncertain and contradictory understanding about river ecology it is recognized that managing water resources sustainably is a wicked problem. In order to address this wicked problem, the methods of multi-criteria analysis and graph analysis are applied, in accordance with integrated water resource management, to assess the potential of investing in water storage projects and explore for sustainable solutions through the construction of an ecosystem services index.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem services; Ecosystem services index; Graph analysis; Integrated water resource management; Multi-criteria analysis; Sustainability; Wicked problems; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q15; Q25; Q27; Q51; Q58; Q57.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100556

Values of Ecosystem Services on Arable Land and the Role of Organic Farming
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Takatsuka,   Yuki; Cullen,   Ross; Wilson,   Matthew; Wratten,   Steve D.
Nationwide mail surveys implemented in November 2004 report New Zealand residents‟ willingness to pay for improvement in ecosystem services and support for organic farming on arable land. The surveys were split into two subsets: Canterbury, which is the region with most arable farming in the nation, and the other New Zealand regions. Analysis of the data reveals that Canterbury residents‟ willingness to pay for reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from arable farming is greater than their willingness to pay for improvement in water quality, while it is the opposite for residents in other regions. In addition, residents‟ willingness to fund an organic farming project that enhances certain ecosystem services is analyzed. The results provide insights for...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem Management; Organic Farming; Arable Farming; Choice Modeling.; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98523

Evaluation of Conservation Biological Control Innovation in Winegrowing
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cullen,   Ross; Forbes,   Sharon; Grout,   Rachel; Smallman,   Clive.
Conservation biological control (CBC) aims to improve conditions for natural enemies in agricultural landscapes and has the goal of reducing pest species below threshold level to thus avoid the need for synthetic chemicals.  The CBC approach has been introduced in several counties, including New Zealand.  Agricultural R&amp;D is widely studied, however agricultural innovations and their adoption is less studied.  A CBC practice introduced in Waipara vineyards is described in this paper and an evaluation of the uptake and economic sustainability of this innovation is provided.  Results indicate that there are ongoing costs involved with maintaining the innovation and that adoption of the innovation is highly variable across winegrowing properties.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Innovation; Winegrowing; Conservation Biological Control; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97986

Web-based surveys and sample frame bias in choice experiment
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tait,   Peter R.; Bicknell,   Kathryn; Cullen,   Ross.
Researchers are seeking effective, low cost means of gathering high quality data. Technological advancements offer new avenues for achieving this objective.  Web based surveys are relatively common outside the economics discipline however  applied non-market valuation practitioners have been slow to adopt this modernisation in survey methodology. The non-random exclusion of individuals from the sample frame is often cited as a major problem with web-based surveying.  This paper presents a comparison of data from two choice experiment survey modes, traditional mail-and-return and web-based. The socio-demographic composition of the samples is significantly different for half the variables considered. Poe tests reveal that there are significant differences in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Web-based surveys; Sample frame bias; Choice experiment; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C83; Q51.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109594

Stated Preference Evaluation of Government Budgets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kerr,   Geoffrey N.; Cullen,   Ross; Hughey,   Kenneth F.D.
Stated preference approaches are widely used in non-market valuation. However, their potential uses extend far beyond valuation. In particular they can be used to assess efficiency of resource allocations and to design optimal resource allocations. Changes to the government budget were evaluated using a choice experiment. Results indicate potential efficiency gains from reallocation of the budget to items with higher marginal utility. In particular, New Zealand residents want more spending on health, education and the environment, with health spending consistently having the highest marginal benefits. People want less government money spent on income support. The choice experiment was able to identify the impacts of demographic factors. Young people rated...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Choice experiment; Public preferences; Government budget; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; Political Economy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98520

Ecosystem Services on New Zealand Arable Farms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cullen,   Ross; Takatsuka,   Yuki; Wilson,   Matthew; Wratten,   Steve D.
Researchers have estimated the total economic value of global ecosystem goods and services showing that a significant portion of humanity's economic well being is unaccounted for in conventional GNP accounting (Constanza et al., 1997). To demonstrate this point, authors have conventionally used highly aggregated landscape units for analysis (e.g., biomes), and average, not marginal values, of each ecosystem good or service are estimated for each unit using value transfer methodologies (Wilson et al., 2004). For example, Patterson and Cole (1999a, b) replicated the Constanza et al., (1997) approach by estimating economic values for Waikato and New Zealand ecosystem goods and services associated with standard land cover classes including horticulture,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem management; Arable farming; Engineered ecosystem; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97777

Evaluating the sustainability of impounded river systems and the cost-effectiveness of dam projects: An ecosystem services approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tompkins,   Jean-Marie; Hearnshaw,   Edward J.S.; Cullen,   Ross.
In recent times, there has been increasing demand in the Canterbury region of New Zealand for the abstraction of water from rivers. The impact of this demand has lead to unacceptable minimum river flows and has adversely affected river ecology. In an effort to resolve these issues dams have been constructed. To evaluate the impact of these dam projects on all river values, an ecosystem services approach is developed. This ecosystem services approach coupled with various evaluation methods are applied for the purposes of assessing the cost-effectiveness of the Opuha Dam and the sustainability of the Opihi river system now modified by the Opuha Dam. To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of this dam project cost utility analysis is applied through the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cost utility analysis; Dam projects; Ecosystem services; Impounded river systems; Indicators and sustainability.; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q15; Q25; Q27; Q51; Q58; Q57.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100720

State and Not-For-Profit delivery of species conservation. Cost utility analysis of multiple-species projects.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Vesey,   S.E.; Cullen,   Ross; Hughey,   Kenneth F.D.
Conservation of species is challenging, and there is continuing interest in finding more effective means to achieve conservation goals. State provision of conservation occurs in many countries, alongside a growing range of alternative providers including Not For Profit organisations and the private sector. Few studies have compared the effectiveness and efficiency of State provision against Not For Profit or private sector provision. This research assesses the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of multiple-species projects in regard to the conservation of threatened and endangered species using a cost-utility analysis. Three State managed projects, three Not For Profit managed projects and one project managed by the State yet funded privately, were...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: State provision; Not For Profit; Multiple-species; Cost-utility analysis; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97987

Values of Ecosystem Services Associated with Intense Dairy Farming in New Zealand
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Takatsuka,   Yuki; Cullen,   Ross; Wilson,   Matthew; Wratten,   Steve D.
The increase in greenhouse gas emissions and degradation of water quality and quantity in waterways due to dairy farming in New Zealand have become of growing concern. Compared to traditional sheep and beef cattle farming, dairy farming is more input intensive and more likely to cause such environmental damage. Our study uses choice modeling to explore New Zealanders’' willingness to pay for sustainable dairy and sheep/beef cattle farming. We investigate respondents'’ level of awareness of the environmental degradation caused by dairy farming and their willingness to make trade-offs between economic growth and improvements in the level of ecosystem services associated with pastoral farming.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem services; Greenhouse gas emissions; Dairy farming; Choice modeling; Environmental Economics and Policy; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10411

Some External Costs of Dairy Farming in Canterbury
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tait,   Peter R.; Cullen,   Ross.
Intensification of agricultural practices is occurring in Canterbury. Dairy farm conversions continue with land use increasing 132% since 1995. Current concerns emanate predominantly from issues of water quantity and quality, in particular the degradation of lowland streams. These and other costs are not transmitted through markets for dairy products, these negative externalities represent allocation and equity concerns for regional policy makers. This study canvassed regional policy administrators, assembled available valuation studies and performed rudimentary calculations based on reviewed New Zealand literature to form an estimate of the external costs of dairy farming in Canterbury.  External costs are estimated at $28.7 to $45 million annually. Using...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Negative externalities; Dairy farming; Valuation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q51.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109595

The Existence Value of Peat Swamp Forest in Peninsular Malaysia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mohd Azmi,   M.I.; Cullen,   Ross; Bigsby,   Hugh R.; Awang Noor,   A.G.
Forests form the dominant natural ecosystem in Malaysia. About 55% of Malaysian land area is forested and endows a rich diversity of flora and fauna. Peat swamp forests constitute a significant component of forest and account for about 75% of the country’s total wetlands. Many peat swamp forests have already been converted to new land uses including palm oil plantations, agriculture and housing. The south-east Pahang peat swamp forest (SEPPSF), located at Pahang state is the largest peat swamp forest cover in Peninsular Malaysia and is believed to be the mainland Asia’s largest and intact peat swamp forest. It harbours unique flora and fauna, provides benefits and services of national interest and supports the livelihood of the aborigines (Orang Asli)...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: SEPPSF; Economic value; CVM; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97133

Forestry policy and poverty: the case of community forestry in Nepal
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dhakal,   Bhubaneswor; Bigsby,   Hugh R.; Cullen,   Ross.
Common forests in developing countries are valuable sources of raw material supplies, employment and income generation, particularly for low income households. This paper looks at the effect on income and employment when common forest resources have external policies that constrain their use. Using a mixed-integer linear programming model, this study examines the impacts of conservation-oriented community forest policies in Nepal on three household income groups. The results show that current community forest policies, which focus on environmental outcomes through forest use restriction for environment conservation and timber production, result in a large reduction in employment and income of the poorest households and largely explain the recent increase...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Forestry policy; Poverty; Nepal; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98500

Testing Different Types of Benefit Transfer in Valuation of Ecosystem Services: New Zealand Winegrowing Case Studies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baskaran,   Ramesh; Cullen,   Ross; Colombo,   Sergio.
Most ecosystem services (ES) are neither priced nor marketed. Resource managers may fail to take into account degradation of unpriced services in their resource management decisions. Being able to estimate values for ES is fundamental to designing policies to induce resource users to provide (or improve) ES at levels that are acceptable to society. Conducting ecosystem valuation via non-market methods is costly and time consuming. Benefit Transfer (BT) using choice modeling (CM) is a potentially cost-effective method for valuing ES by transferring information from existing valuation studies (and study sites) to a target area of interest (policy sites). The prime objective of this paper is to examine the validity of BT and hence whether it is feasible to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Benefit transfer; Choice modeling; New Zealand winegrowing; Ecosystem services.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48189

Ecosystem services review of water projects
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hearnshaw,   Edward J.S.; Cullen,   Ross; Hughey,   Kenneth F.D.
Water projects are typically evaluated using benefit cost analysis. Ecosystem services are the direct and indirect benefits that people obtain from ecosystems. Many of these benefits are ignored in benefit cost analysis, because of the absence of markets and the limited information or understanding of how the benefits from ecosystem services are produced. Regional or local government may be interested in learning how the value of ecosystem services associated with projects may change if a project occurs. Ecosystem Service Reviews aim to make ecosystem services explicit and quantifiable so that they can be accounted for in the evaluation of water use projects. Water storage projects can enable land use intensification to occur, and confer environmental...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ecosystem services review;  water projects ; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/58895

Potential of Forest Resources to Alleviate Poverty and Unemployment in Rural Nepal
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dhakal,   Bhubaneswor; Bigsby,   Hugh R.; Cullen,   Ross.
The study examines the importance of community forest resources for income and employment in rural areas of Nepal by studying the effect of current forestry policy on forestland use. Using data from 259 households in six community forest user groups in three hilly districts (Dolakha, Kavre and Nuwakot), the results show that the resources available from private lands and community forests with current policies are inadequate to fully utilize the family labour force of many rural households and are insufficient to meet the bare survival income of the poorest households. Current government policy dictates the use of all community forestland for limited timber production and environmental conservation, and provides little scope for fodder and firewood...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Community welfare model; Livelihood; Community forestry; Incomes; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Security and Poverty; Labor and Human Capital; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31962