Consulta: creatorFacets:"Ghini,Raquel"
Registros recuperados: 19
Data/hora: 13/06/2024 04:25:44

Baby leaf lettuce production in trays with reused and solarized substrate
Provedor de dados: 75
Autores: Moraes,Lívia AS; Calori,Alex H; Factor,Thiago L; Patrício,Flávia RA; Ghini,Raquel; Abreu,Monica F; Purquerio,Luis FV.
ABSTRACT Concerning the baby leaf production in trays, substrate can be reused for a certain number of times depending on its chemical and physical characteristics, but populations of pathogens such as Pythium aphanidermatum and Rhizoctonia solani that can cause damping off of lettuce, can build up during the reuse of this substrate. Solar treatment in a solar collector can be an alternative for the disinfestation of these substrates. Thus, the objective of this research was to study the reuse of coconut fiber substrate and its solar treatment in solar collector on baby leaf lettuce production. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a factorial scheme 4 (first-use substrate, reused once, reused twice and reused three times) x 2 (with and without...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Lactuca sativa; Coconut fiber; Solar treatment device; Horticulture; Sustainability.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-05362016000400463

Solarização do solo com filmes plásticos com e sem aditivo estabilizador de luz ultravioleta
Provedor de dados: 75
Autores: Barros,Benedito C.; Patrício,Flávia R.A.; Lopes,Maria Elizabeth B.M.; Freitas,Sueli S.; Sinigaglia,Celso; Malavolta,Vanda M.A.; Tessarioli Neto,João; Ghini,Raquel.
Visando auxiliar na escolha de filmes plásticos adequados para a solarização, dois experimentos foram instalados em Mogi das Cruzes e Piracicaba (SP), em janeiro e fevereiro de 2000. Três tipos de filmes plásticos transparentes de polietileno de baixa densidade (PEBD), com 100 mm de espessura, produzidos pela empresa Nortène Plásticos Ltda., foram testados: a) FES, filme estufa super tricarpa super aditivado, com aditivo estabilizador de luz ultravioleta (baseado em aminas estericamente impedidas); b) FSOL, filme para solarização produzido com metade da quantidade do mesmo aditivo e c) LT, lona plástica transparente, sem aditivo, além de uma testemunha sem cobertura plástica, em delineamento de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Após a retirada...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Lactuca sativa L.; Sclerotinia minor; Pythium aphanidermatum; Plantas invasoras.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-05362004000200018

Numerical procedure for estimating temperature in solarized soils
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Tiba,Chigueru; Ghini,Raquel.
The objective of this work was to develop a simplified numerical procedure for the estimation of accumulated monthly hours of solarized soil temperatures. The proposed model requires monthly means of daily solar radiation and maximum air temperature as input data, and a daily pattern of temperature variation assumed to be sine-shaped. The procedure was verified using observations made during the years 1992 and 1993 in Jaguariúna, SP. The proposed procedure can predict monthly temperature hours at 10 cm depth in the solarized soil, with acceptable accuracy, in the region for which it was developed.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report
Palavras-chave: Soil disinfestation; Physical control; Soil pathogens; Alternative methods; Solar energy; Numerical modelling.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2006000300023

Climate change and the occurrence of downy mildew in Brazilian grapevines
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Angelotti,Francislene; Hamada,Emília; Magalhães,Edineide Elisa; Ghini,Raquel; Garrido,Lucas da Ressureição; Pedro Júnior,Mário José.
Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential impact of climate change on the occurrence of grapevine downy mildew in Brazil. Seedlings containing four to six leaves were sprayed with a sporangia suspension containing 105 sporangia per milliliter. After spraying, the seedlings were subjected to temperatures of 26, 28, 29.1, 30.4, and 31.8°C for 24 hours. The percentage of diseased leaf area and the latent period were evaluated. Maps of the geographic and temporal distribution of the disease were made considering the monthly average of the mean air temperature and leaf wetness duration for the reference climate or climate normal (1961-1990) and the future climates (2011-2040, 2041-2070, and 2071-2100), considering the A2 and B1 gas...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Plasmopara viticola; Vitis; Air temperature; Geographical information system.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2017000600426

Plant growth and leaf-spot severity on eucalypt at different CO2concentrations in the air
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Silva,Carlos Eduardo Oliveira da; Ghini,Raquel.
The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of increased air-CO2 concentration on plant growth and on leaf-spot caused by Cylindrocladium candelabrumin Eucalyptus urophylla. Seedlings were cultivated for 30 days at 451, 645, 904, and 1,147 µmol mol-1 CO2 ; then, they were inoculated with the pathogen and kept under the same conditions for seven days. Increased CO2concentration increased plant height and shoot dry matter mass, and decreased disease incidence and severity. Stem diameter was not affected by the treatments. Increased concentrations of atmospheric CO2 favorably affect eucalypt growth and reduce leaf-spot severity.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report
Palavras-chave: Cylindrocladium candelabrum; Eucalyptus urophylla; Beneficial effects; Climate change; Disease incidence.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2014000300232

Fusarium oxysporum strains as biocontrol agents against Fusarium wilt: effects on soil microbial biomass and activity
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Ghini,Raquel; Mezzalama,Monica; Ambrosoli,Roberto; Barberis,Elisabetta; Garibaldi,Angelo; Piedade,Sônia Maria de Stefano.
Before planning the large-scale use of nonpathogenic strains of Fusarium oxysporum as biocontrol agents of Fusarium wilt, their behaviour and potential impact on soil ecosystems should be carefully studied as part of risk assessment. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of antagonistic F. oxysporum strains, genetically manipulated (T26/6) or not (233/1), on soil microbial biomass and activity. The effects were evaluated, in North-western Italy, in two soils from different sites at Albenga, one natural and the other previously solarized, and in a third soil obtained from a 10-year-old poplar stand (Popolus sp.), near Carignano. There were no detectable effects on ATP, fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis, and biomass P that could be attributed to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biological control; Soilborne pathogen; Risk assessment.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2000000100012

Fertilidade do solo e estado nutricional do cafeeiro cultivado em atmosfera enriquecida com CO2
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Maluf,Henrique José Guimarães Moreira; Ghini,Raquel; Melo,Laura Beatriz Batista de; Silva,Carlos Alberto.
Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos de concentrações de CO2 atmosférico nos atributos químicos do solo, na linha (cafeeiro) e na entrelinha (braquiária), e nos teores de macronutrientes em folhas do cafeeiro. Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com parcelas subdivididas e seis repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de dois níveis de CO2 atmosférico, 390 e 550 μmol mol-1. A amostragem de solo foi realizada na linha e na entrelinha do cafeeiro, em 2013 e 2014, nas camadas de 0-5,0, 5,0-10, 10-20 e 20-40 cm, e de 0-10, 10-20 e 20-40 cm, respectivamente. Avaliaram-se pH, teores de Ca2+, Mg2+, K, P e S disponíveis, saturação por bases e matéria orgânica do solo. Em 2013 e 2014, houve redução nos teores de P na linha do cafeeiro,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Coffea arabica; Carbono no solo; Diagnose foliar; FACE; Gases de efeito estufa; Nutrientes.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2015001101087

Impacto do aumento da concentração atmosférica de dióxido de carbono sobre a ferrugem e o crescimento do cafeeiro
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Tozzi,Fernanda Ribeiro Oliveira; Ghini,Raquel.
Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do aumento da concentração de dióxido de carbono atmosférico sobre o crescimento de plantas e a severidade da ferrugem (causada por Hemileia vastatrix) em cafeeiro (Coffea arabica). Utilizaram-se as cultivares 'Obatã IAC 1669-20' e 'Catuaí Vermelho IAC 144', moderadamente resistente e suscetível à doença, respectivamente. Os tratamentos consistiram de 400 e 508 μmol mol-1 de CO2 atmosférico, em dois tipos de estufas de topo aberto (OTC). As plantas das duas cultivares, cultivadas nas OTCs com adição de CO2, apresentaram aumento de área foliar, e da taxa de crescimento em altura e em diâmetro do caule, em comparação às plantas cultivadas em estufas à concentração ambiente de CO2; porém, as cultivares...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Coffea arabica; Hemileia vastatrix; Aquecimento global; CO2; Mudanças climáticas.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2016000800933

Risk analysis of climate change on coffee nematodes and leaf miner in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Ghini,Raquel; Hamada,Emília; Pedro Júnior,Mário José; Marengo,José Antonio; Gonçalves,Renata Ribeiro do Valle.
The objective of this work was to assess the potential impact of climate change on the spatial distribution of coffee nematodes (races of Meloidogyne incognita) and leaf miner (Leucoptera coffeella), using a Geographic Information System. Assessment of the impacts of climate change on pest infestations and disease epidemics in crops is needed as a basis for revising management practices to minimize crop losses as climatic conditions shift. Future scenarios focused on the decades of the 2020's, 2050's, and 2080's (scenarios A2 and B2) were obtained from five General Circulation Models available on Data Distribution Centre from Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Geographic distribution maps were prepared using models to predict the number of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Coffea arabica; Leucoptera coffeella; Meloidogyne incognita; Global warming; Pest zoning.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2008000200005

Solarização do solo e incorporação de fontes de matéria orgânica no controle de Pythium spp.
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Ghini,Raquel; Schoenmaker,Ivone Alberta Swart; Bettiol,Wagner.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da solarização do solo, associada à incorporação de lodo de esgoto, cama-de-frango e casca de Pinus, no controle de Pythium spp. Foram conduzidos dois ensaios, um em área cultivada comercialmente com crisântemo e outro em área artificialmente infestada com Pythium spp. em cultivo de pepino. A adição de cama-de-frango induziu a supressividade do solo ao patógeno, visto que resultou em maiores temperaturas no solo solarizado, aumento na condutividade elétrica e maior atividade microbiana do solo, avaliada pela hidrólise de diacetato de fluoresceína e desprendimento de CO2. Por outro lado, o lodo de esgoto e a casca de Pinus não induziram a supressividade ao patógeno. A solarização não teve efeito no crescimento...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Dendranthema morifolium; Cucumis sativus; Pinus; Cama-de-frango; Biossólido; Tratamento do solo.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2002000900008

Soil organisms in organic and conventional cropping systems
Provedor de dados: 63
Autores: Bettiol,Wagner; Ghini,Raquel; Galvão,José Abrahão Haddad; Ligo,Marcos Antônio Vieira; Mineiro,Jeferson Luiz de Carvalho.
Despite the recent interest in organic agriculture, little research has been carried out in this area. Thus, the objective of this study was to compare, in a dystrophic Ultisol, the effects of organic and conventional agricultures on soil organism populations, for the tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) and corn (Zea mays) crops. In general, it was found that fungus, bacterium and actinomycet populations counted by the number of colonies in the media, were similar for the two cropping systems. CO2 evolution during the cropping season was higher, up to the double for the organic agriculture system as compared to the conventional. The number of earthworms was about ten times higher in the organic system. There was no difference in the decomposition rate of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Soil microorganisms; Organic agriculture; Microartropods; Cropping systems; Environmental impacts.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162002000300023

Organic and conventional tomato cropping systems
Provedor de dados: 63
Autores: Bettiol,Wagner; Ghini,Raquel; Galvão,José Abrahão Haddad; Siloto,Romildo Cássio.
Among several alternative agricultural systems have been developed, organic agriculture has deserved increasing interest from. The objective of this paper was comparing both organic (OS) and conventional (CS) tomato cropping systems for varieties Débora and Santa Clara, through an interdisciplinary study. The experiment was set up in a randomized blocks design with six replicates, in a dystrophic Ultisol plots measuring 25 ´ 17 m. Cropping procedures followed by either local conventional or organic growers practices recommendations. Fertilization in the OS was done with organic compost, single superphosphate, dolomitic limes (5L, 60 g, and 60 g per pit), and sprayed twice a week with biofertilizer. Fertilization in the CS was done with 200 g 4-14-8 (NPK)...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Lycopersicum esculentum; Alternative agriculture; Biological control.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162004000300002

Spatial and temporal variability of leaf wetness duration in the State of São Paulo, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 63
Autores: Hamada,Emília; Ghini,Raquel; Fernandes,Jeferson Lobato; Pedro Júnior,Mário José; Rossi,Paulo.
One of the main factors influencing the occurrence of plant diseases is the leaf wetness duration (LWD). However, this climatic parameter is not generally and systematically recorded at meteorological stations, and the alternative to obtain an estimate for LWD is the use of mathematical models. The objective of this study was to estimate LWD for the State of São Paulo, on the basis of the number of hours with relative humidity equal to or higher than 90%, and also plot them on a map with help of the Geographical Information System (GIS) tool. Using daily relative humidity data from ten meteorological stations of the State, for six years, adjustment equations were obtained for different LWD periods (hours day-1) (R² from 0.58 to 0.81) and of number of days...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Plant diseases; Relative humidity; Geographical Information System; Regression equation.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162008000700006

Biotic and abiotic factors associated with soil suppressiveness to Rhizoctonia solani
Provedor de dados: 63
Autores: Ghini,Raquel; Morandi,Marcelo Augusto Boechat.
Crop management may modify soil characteristics, and as a consequence, alter incidence of diseases caused by soilborne pathogens. This study evaluated the suppressiveness to R. solani in 59 soil samples from a microbasin. Soil sampling areas included undisturbed forest, pasture and fallow ground areas, annual crops, perennial crops, and ploughed soil. The soil samples were characterized according to abiotic variables (pH; electrical conductivity; organic matter content; N total; P; K; Ca; Mg; Al; H; S; Na; Fe; Mn; Cu; Zn; B; cation exchange capacity; sum of bases and base saturation) and biotic variables (total microbial activity evaluated by the CO2 evolution and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis; culturable bacterial, fungal, actinomycetes, protozoa,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Soilborne pathogen; Soil microorganisms; Biological control; Path analysis; Suppressive soil.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162006000200007

Climatic risk of grape downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) for the State of São Paulo, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 63
Autores: Hamada,Emília; Ghini,Raquel; Rossi,Paulo; Pedro Júnior,Mário José; Fernandes,Jeferson Lobato.
Viticulture in Brazil has been growing in importance in recent years. In the State of São Paulo, a significant percentage of the production is basically destined to in natura consumption and, more recently, much effort has been made by institutions to revitalize the viticulture in the State. Among fungal diseases, the downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) is one of the main diseases affecting this crop in Brazil, with extreme damage effects on its production. The objective of this study was to estimate the incidence of the downy mildew on grape under the climatic conditions of the State of São Paulo, based on a mathematical model and using Geographical Information System - GIS tools. The study considered the months from September to April, a period in which...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Vitis spp.; Geographical Information System; Temperature; Relative humidity; Leaf wetness duration.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162008000700010

Climate change and plant diseases
Provedor de dados: 63
Autores: Ghini,Raquel; Hamada,Emília; Bettiol,Wagner.
Human activities are altering greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere and causing global climate change. In the near future, there will certainly be changes in the Brazilian phytosanitary scenario attributed to global climate change. The impacts of climate change can be positive, negative or neutral, since these changes can decrease, increase or have no impact on diseases, depending on each region or period. These impacts will also be observed on plants and other organisms as well as on other agroecosystem components. However, these impacts are not easily determined, and consequently, specialists from several areas must go beyond their disciplinary boundaries and placing the climate change impacts in a broader context. This review focuses on the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: CO2; Global climate change; Global warming; Spatial analysis; Control.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162008000700015

Efeito do lodo de esgoto na indução de supressividade in vitro a Phytophthora nicotianae
Provedor de dados: 102
Autores: Leoni,Carolina; Ghini,Raquel.
Uma alternativa de manejo das doenças causadas por Phytophthora spp. é o uso de matéria orgânica. No presente trabalho foi avaliada a potencialidade do lodo de esgoto na indução de supressividade in vitro a P. nicotianae. O efeito do lodo de esgoto incorporado ao solo na sobrevivência de P. nicotianae foi avaliado mediante um experimento fatorial com dois fatores: doses de lodo de esgoto (0, 10, 20 e 40% p/p) e concentrações de inóculo [0, 10 ou 20 g de grãos de trigo (Triticum aestivum) colonizados kg-1]. Aos 21 dias, quando aumentaram as doses de lodo de esgoto, a sobrevivência de P. nicotianae e os pHs das misturas diminuíram, e as condutividades elétricas (CE) aumentaram. As correlações entre a CE e a sobrevivência do patógeno foram negativas e...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Matéria orgânica; Biossólidos.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-41582003000100010

Análise de risco das mudanças climáticas globais sobre a sigatoka-negra da bananeira no Brasil
Provedor de dados: 102
Autores: Ghini,Raquel; Hamada,Emilia; Gonçalves,Renata R.V.; Gasparotto,Luadir; Pereira,José Clério R.
O conhecimento dos prováveis impactos das mudanças climáticas globais sobre a ocorrência de doenças de plantas é de grande importância para o setor agrícola, pois permite a elaboração de estratégias de controle. O presente trabalho teve por finalidade estudar os possíveis impactos das mudanças climáticas sobre a sigatoka-negra da bananeira, por meio da elaboração de mapas de distribuição da doença confeccionados a partir dos cenários disponibilizados pelo IPCC. Os mapas mostraram que haverá redução da área favorável à doença no país. Tal redução será gradativa para as décadas de 2020, 2050 e 2080 e de forma mais acentuada no cenário A2 que no B2. Apesar disso, extensas áreas ainda continuarão favoráveis à ocorrência da doença, especialmente no período de...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Mycosphaerella fijiensis; Musa spp.; Banana; Plátano.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-41582007000300003

Desinfestação de substratos com a utilização de coletor solar
Provedor de dados: 53
Autores: Ghini,Raquel; Bettiol,Wagner; Armond,Geraldo; Braga,Carlos Augusto da Silva; Inomoto,Mario M.
Coletores solares planos constituídos de caixas de madeira com canaletas de chapa de alumínio, onde se coloca o substrato e se cobre com plástico transparente, foram testados quanto ao controle de Sclerotium rolfsii, Rhizoctonia solani, Verticillium sp., Meloidogyne arenaria e Cyperus rotundus (tiririca). Dependendo da intensidade de radiação solar, é necessário um dia para desinfestação do substrato com S. rolfsii e dois dias para R. solani, Verticillium sp. e M. arenaria.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Sclerotium rolfsii; Rhizoctonia solani; Meloidogyne arenaria; Verticillium sp.; Energia solar.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0006-87051992000100012