Consulta: creatorFacets:"Halberg, N."
Registros recuperados: 26
Data/hora: 05/06/2024 07:20:58

Environmental impact of organic agriculture in temperate regions
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Lynch, D.H.; Halberg, N.; Bhatta, G.D.
Can organic agriculture elaborate a scientifically based, resource-efficien and agroecological approach to low-input farm management? This review  examines the literature from temperate regions, with a particular emphasison Canadian and USstudies that relate to environmental and ecological impacts of organic agriculture with respect to (i )soil organic matter storage, (ii) soil quality/soil health, (iii) nutrient loading and risks of off-farm nutrient and agrochemical losses, (iv) biodiversity and (v) energy use and global warming potential. The context and implications of semi-arid conditions and low soil P levels, common to many organic farms in North America, and wide spread adoption of genetically engineered crops in conventional production, is also...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Social aspects; Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://orgprints.org/20725/4/20725.pdf

Impact of large-scale organic conversion on food production and food security in two Indian states, Tamil Nadu and Madhya Pradesh
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Panneerselvam, P.; Hermansen, J.E.; Halberg, N.; Arthanari, P.M.
The millions of food insecure people in India are not solely due to inadequate food production, but also because some people are simply too poor to buy food. This study assessed how a large-scale conversion from conventional to organic production would impact on the economics of marginal and small farmers in Tamil Nadu and Madhya Pradesh, and on the total food production in these states. This study also considered a situation where fertilizer subsidies would be discontinued, with farmers having to carry the full cost of fertilizer. Results show that conversion to organic improved the economic situation of farmers although food production was reduced by 3–5% in the organic situation. Thus, the estimated economic values were higher in the organic system...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/25072/1/25072.pdf

Can organic farming help to reduce N-losses? Experiences from Denmark
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Dalgaard, T.; Halberg, N.; Kristensen, I.S.
This study is in two parts. In the first part, nitrogen N)losses per unit of milk and meat in Danish conventional and organic pig and dairy farming were compared on the basis of farm data. In the second part, organic and conventional dairy farming were compared in detail, using modelling. N-surpluses at different livestock densities, fodder intensities, and soil types were simulated. Finally, simulated N-surpluses were used in national scenarios for conversion to organic dairy farming in Denmark. In Part one, pig farming was found to have a higher N-efficiency than dairy farming. Organic pig production had a lower N-efficiency and a higher N-surplus per kg meat than conventional pig production. The possibilities to reduce N-loss by conversion to organic...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://orgprints.org/15522/1/15522.pdf

A  model for fossil energy use in Danish agriculture used to compare organic and conventional farming
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Dalgaard, T.; Halberg, N.; Porter, J.R.
Knowledge about fossil energy use in agricultural systems is needed, because it can improve the understanding of how to reduce the unsustainable use of limited energy resources and the following greenhouse gas emissions. This study describes and validates a model to assess fossil energy use in Danish agriculture; gives an example of how the model can be used to compare organic and conventional farming; and discusses the implications and potentials of using the model to simulate energy use in scenarios of agricultural production. The model is a development of an existing model, which was too coarse to predict measured energy use on Danish farms. The model was validated at the field operational, thecroptype, and the national level, and can supplement the...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://orgprints.org/15521/1/15521.pdf

Modelling representative and coherent Danish farm types based on farm accountancy data for use in environmental assessments
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Dalgaard, R.; Halberg, N.; Kristensen, I.S.; Larsen, I.
There is a need for valid and representative data on the production,resourceuse and emissions from different farm types in Denmark for publicregulation and assessment.The data should be usable for both area-based environmental assessment(e.g. nitrate leaching per ha)and product oriented environmental assessment(e.g. greenhouse gas emissions per kg pork).The objective of this study was to establish a national agricultural model for estimating data on resource use, production and environmentally important emissions for aset of representative farmtypes. Every year a sample of farm accounts is established in order to report Danish agro-economical data to the ‘Farm Accountancy Data Network’ (FADN), and to produce ‘The annual Danish account statistics for...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental aspects.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://orgprints.org/15515/1/15515.pdf

A systems approach for assessing sustainability in livestock farms
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kristensen, E.S.; Halberg, N.
The concept of sustainability is widely used in agriculture. There i, however, a large variability in the interpretation of the meaning of sustainability. The broad understanding in conjunction with the complexity of livestock farming calls for a systems approach.  In this paper different interpretation of sustainable agriculture id described and discussed. It is concluded that sustainable agriculture has a major normative dimension and obviously has different meanings for different groups in society. Using sustainability in a system describing concept, one has to be very aware of the normative dimension.  With a starting point in farm models previously described in this journal a model is introduced where the farm is shown in the centre and put into...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Animal husbandry.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://orgprints.org/15569/1/15569.pdf

Organic research and development 1996-2010 - effects on industry and society
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Halberg, N.; Kledal, P.R.; Rasmussen, I.A.; Mathiesen, C.; Sørensen, L.S.; Jespersen, L.M.; Madsen, K.H.
This publication contains the most important conclusions from the analysis and focuses on how the results from the research programmes DARCOF I-III and CORE Organic have been implemented in industry and society.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Research methodology and philosophy; Denmark.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://orgprints.org/22534/1/22534.pdf

Technological options that respond to demands and market opportunities with focus on crops and livestock
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Kimmins, F.; Vaarst, M.; Ebong, C.; Halberg, N.; Hindhede, J.; Albright, K.; Ward, A.
Technology development is a core area of agricultural research, and the increasing global focus on client-demand and market oppourtunities is intended to increase its releance and effectiveness. This theme focuses on the achievements of and lessons learnt from technological optipns developed for crop and livestock systems including breeding, management practices and processing and appropriate technolgies, knowledge, information and methods that enhance productivity, value addition and the competitiveness of the products in both national and international markets. A number of research providers as well as public sector bodies such as national agricultural systems and universities, non-governmental organisations which have links to broad farmer networks have...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Markets and trade; Production systems.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/15517/1/15517.pdf

Dairy farming in Uganda. Production Efficiency and Soil Nutrients under Different Farming Systems
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Baltenweck, I.; Mubiru, S.; Nanyeenya, W.; Njororge, L.; Halberg, N.; Romney, D.
Prior to the 1980s, milk production in Uganda occurred largely in two contrasting production systems. In the wetter parts of the country, especially in the southwest, there were a few large, mostly government-owned commercial dairy farms on which exotic and cross-bred dairy cattle were kept in paddocks and grazed on improved or natural pastures. In the drier eastern and northeastern parts of the country, pastoralists kept large numbers of local cattle breeds, notably the Small East African Zebu (SEAZ), under traditional extensive management systems. Although the pastoralists marketed some milk, most was consumed by the household. Cattle were also valued as an expression of cultural prestige and a means of accumulating capital and meeting planned and...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Farming Systems.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/15549/1/15549.pdf

Økologisk forskning og udvikling gennem 15 år - effekter i erhverv og samfund
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Halberg, N.; Kledal, P.R.; Rasmussen, I.A.; Mathiesen, C.; Sørensen, L.S.; Madsen, K.H.
ICROFS har lavet en samlet analyse af, hvilke effekter den danske økologiforskning i perioden 19996-2010 har haft på den økologiske sektor og samfundet i øvrigt. Denne publikation indeholder således analysens vigtigste konklusioner og sætter fokus på, hvordan resultaterne fra forskningsprogrammerne FØJO I-III samt CORE Organic er blevet brugt i erhverv og samfund.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://orgprints.org/22535/1/22535.pdf

An LC inventory based on representative and coherent farm types
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Dalgaard, R.; Halberg, N.; Kristensen, I.S.; Larsen, I.
There is a need for valid and representative data regarding the production, resource use and emissions from typical farming systems in Denmark for analysis of the environmental impact of different systems and as input to product oriented analyses such as Life Cycle Assess-ments of basic food items. An inventory of 31 farm types was constructed on the basis of 2138 farm accounts from 1999 selected and weighted to be representative for the Danish farming sector. The farm accounts were grouped according to the major soil types, the num-ber of standard working hours, the most important enterprise (dairy, pig, different cash crops) and the stocking rate (livestock units per hectare). For each group the account data on the average inputs and outputs, land use...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Environmental aspects; Farming Systems.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/15491/1/15491.pdf

Issues of scale for environmental indicators
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Stein, A.; Riley, J.; Halberg, N.
The value of environmental indicators largely depends upon the spatial and temporal scale that they represent. Environmental indicators are dependent upon data availability and also upon the scale for which statements are required. As these may not match, changes in scales may be necessary. In this paper a geostatistical approach to analyse quantitative environmental indicators has been used. Scales, defined in terms of resolution and procedures, are presented to translate data from one scale to another: upscaling to change from high resolution data towards a low resolution, and downscaling for the inverse process. The study is illustrated with three environmental indicators. The first concerns heavy metals in the environment, where the zinc content is...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental aspects.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://orgprints.org/15537/1/15537.pdf

Organic agriculture in relation to food security of developing countries
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Panneerselvam, P.; Halberg, N.; Hermansen, J.E.
A study was conducted to investigate the differences in farm production, input use and farm income between organic and conventional systems in three regions (Uttaranchal, Madhya Pradesh and Tamilnadu) of India. From each region, 40 organic and 40 conventional farmers were interviewed with semi structured questionnaire. The results showed that input costs were less in the organic system while either total farm yield or net margin was righter in the organic system in two of the three regions. In Tamilnadu specializing in rice production, rice yield was less under organic system while net margin did not differ signifcantly.     In addition, the IFPRI-IMPACT model was used to fnd out the impact of large scale conversion to organic farming on food security of...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Food security; Food quality and human health.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://orgprints.org/18341/1/18341.pdf

Main-streaming participatory and cross-disciplinary approaches in animal science research in developing countries
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Aagaard-Hansen, J.; Larsen, C.E. Schou; Halberg, N.; Hjortsø, C.N.; Gausset, . Q.; Kabirizi, J.
Conventional research approaches have lost considerable momentum after their astonishing achieve-ments during the green revolution. The negative side of focusing rigorously on production improve-ment was eminent around 1980 and led to considerations of environmental, gender and equity aspects - making agricultural development much more complex than previously. In the search for new ways of addressing the persisting problems of food insecurity and malnutrition, new ways should be explored. Based on the experiences from three international, African research projects, the article argues the case of participatory action research and cross-disciplinarity as some of the key elements in future animal science research in developing countries. The benefits are...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Social aspects; Animal husbandry.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/15516/1/15516.pdf

Can organic farming help to reduce national energy consumption and emissions of greenhouse gasses in Denmark?
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Dalgaard, T.; Halberg, N.; Fenger, J.
Methods to investigate whether organic farming might help toreduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions areneeded. The aim of this study is for the first to present anupscaling procedure, where an existing farm level energyconsumption model, in combination with the IntergovernmentalPanel on Climate Change’s guidelines, is used to calculateagricultural energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissionson the national level. Secondly, this procedure is used to simulatescenarios for conversion to organic farming in Denmark.Three scenarios for conversion to organic farming with thepresent crop yield and an expected improved future crop yieldare compared to the 1996-situation in Denmark, whereconventional farming dominates. In all scenarios, fossil...
Tipo: Report chapter
Palavras-chave: Environmental aspects.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://orgprints.org/15525/1/15525.pdf

Input output accounting systems in the European community - an appraisal of their usefulness in raising awareness of environmental problems
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Goodlass, G.; Halberg, N.; Verschuur, G.
Input Output Accountingsystems (IOAs) can be used to identify farming practices which are not ‘environmentally neutral’ and thus unlikely to be sustainable in the long term. In an EU sponsored project, European countries were surveyed and over 50 farm level IOAs identified. The subjects covered by the IOAs included nutrients, pesticides, energy, soil/habitat, conservation, wastes (e.g.packagingandtyres)and other items such as veterinary products. Nearly half the IOAs covered more than one subject and nutrient budgets were the most commonly included(91% of the IOAs studied). Looking at the 30 single subject systems, most (26)were nutrients with only three pesticide and one energy based system. In total 50 systems covered nutrients. Overall, where specified,...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental aspects.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://orgprints.org/15566/1/15566.pdf

Categorisation of dairy production systems: A strategy for targeting meaningful development of the systems in Uganda
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Mubiru, S.L.; Tenywa, J.S.; Halberg, N.; Romney, D.; Nanyeenya, W.; Baltenweck, I.; Stall, S.
Dairy production is a major contributor towards national economies and household food security and incomes in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Milk production in the region is estimated at 1.27 million metric tonnes year-1. However, this level of milk production is inadequate for the existing human population who would require 103 million metric tonnes year-1. In Uganda, milk production only meets approximately 20% of the population's nutritional requirements. As such, methods need to be sought to increase milk production in the region.     Research efforts have made strides in identifying the causes of the production-demand gap in the SSA region and a spectrum of interventions to bolster the productivity. Unfortunately, these efforts have by far yielded...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Dairy cattle.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://orgprints.org/15498/1/15498.pdf

Energy self-reliance, net-energy production and GHG emissions in Danish organic cash crop farms
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Halberg, N.; Dalgaard, R.; Olesen, J.E.; Dalgaard, T.
Organicfarming(OF)principles include the idea of reducing dependence of fossil fuels, but little has been achieved on this objective so far in Danish OF. Energy use and green house gas (GHG)emissions from anaverage 39 ha cash crop farm were calculated and alternative crop rotations for bio-energy production were modeled. Growing rape seed on 10% of the land could produce bio-diesel to replace 50–60% of the tractor diesel used on the farm. Increasing grass-clover area to 20% of the land and using half of this yield for biogas production could change the cash crop farm to an etenergy producer, and reduce GHG emissions while reducing the overall output of products only marginally. Increasing grass-clover area would improve the nutrient management on the farm...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Farming Systems; Crop husbandry.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/15565/1/15565.pdf

15 years of research in organic food systems in Denmark – effects on the sector and society
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Rasmussen, I.A.; Halberg, N.
An analysis of the effect of 15 years of research in organic food systems in Denmark showed that it has had a high impact on the development of the sector. There are three main reasons: First of all, the content of research programs and the funded projects have been closely aligned with the needs of the industry as expressed by farmers, advisors and organizations. Second, many of the projects have had close contact to advisors and farmers securing continuous dissemination resulting in rapid application of results. Third, due to the close contact between researchers and users the research design has been adapted to ensure that treatments to be tested are as relevant and practical as possible, without compromising the scientific standards. Besides the...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Research communication and quality.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://orgprints.org/23220/8/23220a.pdf

Miljøeffekter og energibalancer ved energiproduktion på økologiske planteavlsbedrifter
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Dalgaard, R.; Olesen, J.E.; Halberg, N.; Berntsen, J.
De sædskiftemæssige aspekter af energiproduktion i økologisk jordbrug er belyst ved anvendelse af to forskellige tilgangsvinkler ved hjælp af henholdsvis bedriftsmodellen FASSET anvendt på markniveau og ved hjælp af en livscyklusanalyse (LCA) på bedriftsniveau. FASSET-modellen giver mulighed for at vurdere effekter af anvendelse af kløvergræs til biogas på afgrødeudbytte og på miljøeffekter (kvælstofudvaskning og drivhusgasemissioner fra marken). LCA-analyserne giver mulighed for at vurdere effekter på energiproduktion sammenholdt med øvrige kilder til drivhusgasemissioner, herunder emissionerne fra energiforbrug og indkøbt foder.    I beregningerne med FASSET-modellen er der taget udgangspunkt i et rent planteavlssædskifte til økologisk jordbrug. I dette...
Tipo: Report chapter
Palavras-chave: Air and water emissions.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/4674/1/4674.doc

Animal Welfare as One among Several Values to be Considered at Farm Level: The Idea of an Ethical Account for Livestock Farming
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Sørensen, J.T.; Sandøe, P.; Halberg, N.
A proposal as to how to combine animal welfare with other goals using an ethical account for livestock farming is presented. The purpose of an ethical account is to report on the consequences of individual events and routine methods on the farm for all affected parties, and to ensure that the farmer is conscious of his ethical priorities. A procedure for an annual account is presented and the concepts involved in it are explained. Welfare assessment involves information from four sources: the system, the system’s application, animal behaviour and animal health. Welfare assessment is an aid for operational management as well as for strategic planning. This ethical account was developed in collaboration with twenty livestock farms over a period of three...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Health and welfare.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://orgprints.org/15608/1/15608.pdf

Expected Crop Yield Loss When Converting to Organic Dairy Farming in Denmark
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Halberg, N.; Kristensen, I. Sillebak.
Knowledge of differences between organic and conventional crop yields is of interest for farmers, advisors, politicians and research scientists. Based on collected data from Danish organic and conventional mixed dairy farms the yield difference was estimated to be 21-37% in grain crops and 12-18% in fodder beets and grass/clover depending on climatic conditions and soil type. A method is presented to correct for the influence of year and geographic differences using crop and farm-specific simulated potential yields as regression variables in a linear statistical model. An interaction between potential yield and farming system indicates that other growth factors, possibly nutrients, are limiting the yields on organic farms more than on conventional farms....
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: Crop husbandry.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://orgprints.org/15850/1/15850.pdf

Produktorienteret miljøindsats i landbrugssektoren - forudsætninger
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Thodberg, L.; Bauer, B.; Weidema, B.; Cederberg, C.; Søndergaard, H.A.; Løber, M.; Halberg, N.; Madsen, N.L.; Nielsen, P.H.; Kofoed, S.; Hvid, S.K.
For at styrke den produktorienterede miljøindsats i landbruget nedsatte Miljøstyrelsen primo 2003 et produktkædepanel for landbrugsområdet. Panelets primære mål er at fremme udvikling og afsætning af landbrugsprodukter, der set i et livscyklusperspektiv ("fra jord til jord") er mindre miljøbelastende end tilsvarende traditionelle produkter.    Som fundament for panelets arbejde er udarbejdet denne rapport, som beskriver de eksisterende forudsætninger for en produktorienteret indsats i sektoren - i form af en kortlægning af relevante projekter/tiltag. Denne rapport har dannet udgangspunkt for udarbejdelsen af et såkaldt fremsyn på området, som er publiceret særskilt. Fremsynet og information om panelets arbejde i øvrigt kan fås på...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://orgprints.org/16940/1/16940.pdf

Market Integration Shape Organic Farmers’ Organisation
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Sultan, T.; Mursal, A.; Salam, S.G.; Liu, Y.; Oelofse, M.; Knudsen, M.T.; El-Araby, A.; Delve, R.J.; Hauser, M.; Kledal, P.; Egelyng, H.; Halberg, N.; Høgh-Jensen, H.
Increasing consumption of organic products in globalised food chains will require the involvement of thousands more smallholder farmers in many regions of the world. A study of Egypt, China and Uganda identified the three key factors of property rights regimes, cultural differences and social organisation as determents of the supply chain organization and farmers’ degree of direct integration in the export markets. Patterns are emerging where smallholder farmers are being socially and economically linked to larger farmers who may do some processing before the raw materials are handed over to the contracting company. Where transactions costs are high, local communities may develop and contract out the land directly to exporting companies who farm using...
Tipo: Conference paper, poster, etc.
Palavras-chave: Policy environments and social economy "Organics" in general Markets and trade Processing; Packaging and transportation Produce chain management.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://orgprints.org/11664/1/Sultan_11664_ed.pdf

Indian farmers' experience and perceptions of organic farming
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Panneerselvam, P.; Halberg, N.; Vaarst, M.; Hermansen, J.E.
In India, the number of farmers converting to organic farming has increased in the recent past despite the lack of government support in providing knowledge and extension to the farmers. The aim of this article is to investigate the perceived relevance, benefits and barriers to a conversion to organic agriculture in three different Indian contexts - in Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh and Uttarakhand states. In each state, 40 farmers from both organic and conventional systems were interviewed. The findings indicated that conventional producers identified production and marketing barriers as the main constraints to adopting organic farming, while the age and education of the farmer were not deemed a problem. Lack of knowledge and lack of institutional support...
Tipo: Journal paper
Palavras-chave: "Organics" in general.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://orgprints.org/18358/1/18358.pdf

Study on Input/Output Accounting Systems on EU agricultural holdings
Provedor de dados: 21
Autores: Goodlass, G.; Halberg, N.; Verschuur, G.W.; Hanegraff, M.C.
Of 241 questionnaires sent out to 20 countries 55 completed forms were returned. No  information could be obtained about systems in Portugal or the USA. The subject of  nutrients was covered by 91% of systems, pesticides 38%, energy 29% and other subjects  including wastes 44%. Nearly half of the systems covered more than one subject, the most common single subject system was nutrients. The arable sector was covered most often by the systems (76%), with dairy (62%) and pig (56%) the most prominent of the livestock sectors. The respondents judged that 65% of systems were at least moderately effective in improving the ratio of inputs to outputs. The highest levels of ratio reduction tended to occur with systems which included the livestock sectors or...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Environmental aspects Education; Extension and communication Farm nutrient management.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://orgprints.org/13117/1/13117.pdf