Consulta: creatorFacets:"Hockmann,   Heinrich"
Registros recuperados: 40
Data/hora: 01/06/2024 15:42:28

Black-Box Frontiers and Implications for Development Policy – Theoretical Considerations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sauer,   Johannes; Frohberg,   Klaus; Hockmann,   Heinrich.
The availability of efficiency estimation software – freely distributed via the internet and relatively easy to use – recently inflated the number of corresponding applications. The resulting efficiency estimates are used without a critical assessment with respect to the literature on theoretical consistency, flexibility and the choice of the appropriate functional form. The robustness of policy suggestions based on inferences from efficiency measures nevertheless crucially depends on theoretically well-founded estimates. This paper addresses stochastic efficiency measurement by critically reviewing the theoretical consistency of recently published technical efficiency estimates with respect to economic development. The results confirm the need for a...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: International Development; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18772

Price Developments on the World Markets for Milk Products: The Case of Butter
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hockmann,   Heinrich; Voneki,   Eva.
A time series model is estimated to identify the interrelation among prices on the international and the EU domestic market for butter. Although the findings were not derived from a causal model, the inspection of the data provides economically reasonable and important insights in structural relationship between international and domestic prices. It can be expected that similar relationships exists for other milk products as well. The fact that international prices in the EU and Oceania are causal for each other is an indication of an integrated market. However, price transmission is not perfect suggesting that competition between the EU and Oceania exists, however, but not as intense as it could be expected for a homogeneous good like butter. The...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Dairy market; International trade; Market integration; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries; F15; Q13; Q17.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25491

Agroholdings in Russia: Breaking the Vicious Circle?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hockmann,   Heinrich; Wandel,   Jurgen; Nedoborovskyy,   Andriy.
The paper discusses the accelerated emergence of agroholdings in the Russian Federation.  It is argued that the foundation of these highly integrated structures I due to the special (macro-) economic and institutional condition of the transition process in Russia. Moreover, it is shown that agricultural enterprises which are part of an agroholding were lacking behind other organisational forms in terms of economic efficiency. One reason for this finding is the highly centralized decision structures which, as experiences in Western Europe shows, are only suitable for very special agricultural value chains, but not for agriculture in general.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Firm Organisation; Vertical Integration; Agricultural Technology; Farm Input Market; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24416

IDENTIFICATION OF MARKET POWER IN THE HUNGARIAN DAIRY INDUSTRY: A PLANT-LEVEL ANALYSIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Perekhozhuk,   Oleksandr; Hockmann,   Heinrich; Bakucs,   Lajos Zoltan; Ferto,   Imre.
The objective of this paper is to provide an alternative model which can be used to test for oligopsony market power applying plant-level data. For this purpose, we took into account empirical studies and specific developments in the Hungarian dairy industry and specified a model that provides useful benchmarks for an econometric test of market power. The results of the econometric analysis show that the effects from policy changes in Hungary, as well as from plant specific issues are highly statistically significant, and produce evidence suggesting the exercise of oligopsony market power in the Hungarian dairy industry.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114768

Transition and foreign trade: the case of the Ukrainian agri-food sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Levkovych,   Inna; Hockmann,   Heinrich.
The purpose of this paper is to assess the progress of the transformation process and to analyse which policy measures are necessary for further economic integration into world markets. In this study we concentrate on the Ukrainian agri-food sector. The development of foreign trade may serve as indicator of success of market reforms. Thus we analyse the changes in the trade structure of agri-food sector and compute indicators of inter- (RTA Index) and intra-industrial (Grubel-Lloyd Index, Brülhart A-Index, characterising the marginal intra-industry trade) trade for the period 1996-2005. We discuss also which policy measures are necessary for further economic integration of Ukraine into world markets.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agri-food sector; Intra-industry trade; Marginal intra-industry trade; Ukraine; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7781

LAGE UND ENTWICKLUNGSPROBLEME DER WEIßRUSSISCHEN FLEISCHWIRTSCHAFT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hockmann,   Heinrich; Kashtanova,   Elena G.; Kowschik,   Sergej.
Im Zuge der Erlangung staatlicher Souveränität begannen in Weißrussland wirtschaftliche Restrukturierungsprozesse. Im Vergleich zu anderen ehemaligen Sowjetrepubliken blieben diese Reformbemühungen des Wirtschaftssystems von einer Plan- zur Marktorientierung jedoch sehr zaghaft und kamen bis Mitte der 1990er Jahre sogar fast vollständig zum Erliegen. Dieser Prozess ging mit dramatischen Produktionseinbrüchen insbesondere in der Landwirtschaft einher. Der insgesamt negative Trend ist nach wie vor anhaltend. Besonders betroffen ist die Fleischproduktion, da viele Haushalte ihre Nachfrage nach Fleischprodukten primär durch Subsistenzwirtschaft decken und daher ein erheblicher Teil der Nachfrage für die fleischproduzierenden Unternehmen weggebrochen ist. Diese...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agrarpolitik; Fleischverarbeitung; Transformationsprozess; Wettbewerb; Livestock Production/Industries; Q13; Q18.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14865

Market power: Modeling issues and identification problems. An investigation of selected Hungarian food chains
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bakucs,   Lajos Zoltan; Ferto,   Imre; Hockmann,   Heinrich; Perekhozhuk,   Oleksandr.
In recent years increasing number of contractual arrangements in food chains are observed. There are several reasons for this phenomenon. Improving food quality often requires significant specific investments. Given high asset specificity, investors find it difficult to appropriate the returns on investment and thus have incentives to integrate. However, besides this transaction costs related argument, the ongoing vertical integration can result from structural developments in food chains which at different stages of the value chains, might hamper the proper functioning of markets. Using a unique, firm level dataset, in this paper we will focus on the latter issue. Due to its importance among various Hungarian value chains, we have selected the milk...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Market power; Hungarian food chains.; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57977

FOREIGN TRADE AND TRANSITION PROCESS IN AGRI-FOOD SECTOR OF UKRAINE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Levkovych,   Inna; Hockmann,   Heinrich.
In this study we try to assess the progress of the transformation process in Ukrainian agri-food sector. The development of foreign trade may serve as indicator of success of market reforms. Thus we analyse the changes in the trade structure of agri-food sector during 1996-2005. Also we compute indicators of inter- (RTA Index) and intra-industrial (Grubel-Lloyd Index, Brülhart A-Index) trade for this period. These indicators provide information about competitiveness of Ukrainian products, type and development of trade flows. We discuss also which policy measures are necessary for further economic integration of Ukraine into world markets
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agri-food sector; Foreign trade; Intra-industry trade; Competitiveness; Grubel-Lloyd-Index; Ukraine; Agrar- und Ernährungssektor; Außenhandel; Intra-industrieller Handel; Wettbewerbsfähigkeit; Grubel-Lloyd-Index; Ukraine; Агропродовольственный сектор; Международная торговля; Внутри- отраслевая торговля; Конкурентноспособность; Индекс Грубель-Ллойда; Украина; Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; F14; Q17.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91956

The Need for Theoretically Consistent Efficiency Frontiers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sauer,   Johannes; Hockmann,   Heinrich.
The availability of efficiency estimation software –freely distributed via the internet and relatively easy to use –recently inflated the number of corresponding applications. The resulting efficiency estimates are often used without a critical assessment with respect to the literature on theoretical consistency, flexibility and the choice of the appropriate functional form. The robustness of policy suggestions based on inferences from efficiency measures nevertheless crucially depends on theoretically well-founded estimates. This paper addresses stochastic efficiency measurement by critically reviewing the theoretical consistency of recently published technical efficiency estimates. The results confirm the need for a posteriori checking the regularity of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Functional form; Stochastic efficiency analysis; Theoretical consistency; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; C51; D24; Q12.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24497

ZUR WETTBEWERBSFAHIGKEIT DER WEISSSRUSSISCHEN MILCHWIRTSCHAFT: EINE ANWENDUNG DES PORTERSCHEN DIAMANTEN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hockmann,   Heinrich; Ramanovich,   Mikhail.
This Discussion Paper provides an analysis of competitiveness of the Belarus’ dairy sector based on international trade indicators. The ex-post analysis is extended by an ex-ante analysis in order to gain detailed insights into the sector’s future opportunities and challenges. Systematic access is established through relevant determinants with respect to Porter’s diamond. Ex-post analysis results indicate a strong position of Belarus in the international dairy trade although limited to homogenous products like milk powder and evaporated milk. Competitive disadvantages were revealed for highly processed dairy products. The ex-ante analysis through Porter’s diamond model reveals the necessary prerequisites for potentially successful future developments in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Belarus; Foreign trade; Porter; Competitiveness; Milk; Weissrussland; Aussenhandel; Porter; Wettbewerbsfahigkeit; Milch; Agribusiness; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Productivity Analysis; P23; P45; Q17.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91962

Optimale Betriebsgröße in der Landwirtschaft: Beiträge auf der 25. IAAE-Konferenz in Durban, Südafrika
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hockmann,   Heinrich.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97431

INFLUENCE OF THE INTEGRATION OF AGROHOLDINGS WITH RUSSIAN FARMS ON TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY AND ITS SUBCOMPONENTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hahlbrock,   Konstantin; Hockmann,   Heinrich.
The impact of group affiliation to agroholdings on enterprise performance in terms of productivity and efficiency is controversially discussed in the literature. However, only few papers evaluate the effects of group membership on the productivity and efficiency of agricultural enterprises in Russia. The underlying research question of this paper is therefore whether farms that belong to agroholdings perform better than independent farms. We calculate partial land and labor productivity, total factor productivity (TFP) and technical efficiency scores for the two categories of independent farms and members of agroholdings. In this paper a production function approach is estimated in the framework of stochastic frontier analysis. The results are used to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agroholding; Stochastic Frontier Analysis; Efficiency; Total Factor Productivity; Russia; Agroholding; Stochastic Frontier Analysis; Effizienz; Total Factor Productivity; Russland; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114508

The Choice of Technology in Russian Agriculture: An Application of the Induced Innovation Hypothesis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hockmann,   Heinrich; Kopsidis,   Michael.
Even after more then ten years after the beginning of the transition process, Russian agriculture shows only limited sign of a recovery. Production has not reached the level of the pre-transition period and investment is still on a very low level. In this paper we use the "Theory of Induced Innovation" in order to access the development of production structures in Russia and to identify the major obstacles for restructuring. We argue that due to multiple market failure (capital, labour) and inappropriate institutional arrangements inherited from Soviet times hinder the development of Russian agriculture. Both reasons causes that agricultural enterprises have difficulties with regard to an adjustment of factor input and production corresponding to the real...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Technical change; Efficiency; Russia; Agriculture; Induced innovation theory; Agribusiness; Q11; Q16.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24652

Price distortions on the Hungarian raw milk market
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Voneki,   Eva; Hockmann,   Heinrich.
The paper attempts to identify the impact of market power in the Hungarian milk chain. Since the conventional conjectural variation approach provides suspicious results the incentives to collude are discussed in an alternative framework. It is argued that the high degree of market transparency, the high frequency of interaction, the low number of large firms which could actually influence market prices, the threat of severe sanctions due to the under-utilization of processing capacities as well as opportunistic behavior make collusive behavior more likely than competitive behavior. The empirical evidence for the period 1998 to 2006 supports this view.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Market power; Dairy processing; Hungary; Industrial Organization; Q11; Q13.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51673

Incentive Compatible Pricing and Quality Adoption: The Case of the Polish Dairy Sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pieniadz,   Agata; Hockmann,   Heinrich.
We construct a model to identify determinants of the diffusion rate of standards in a food chain. We argue that adoption decisions in the food chain are determined by farmers’ and processors’ economic considerations. Factors such as pricing behavior, compliance costs and market structure, all of which influence the adoption of standards, are identified and discussed in the paper. The findings are used to test an econometric model utilizing data on Polish milk processing firms in the period between 2000 and 2002. The results indicate that input and output prices have a significant influence on the diffusion rate of standards. The dominance of large-scale holdings in the relevant procurement market significantly increases, whereas high compliance costs...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Product quality; Standards; EU enlargement; Industrial organization.; Industrial Organization; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7833

Agroholdings membership: does that make a difference in performance?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hockmann,   Heinrich; Bokusheva,   Raushan; Bezlepkina,   Irina V.
Comparing different organizational, managerial and economic indicators of the farms in two selected regions the study investigates whether agroholdings perform better and thus can be regarded as a promising organizational model for Russian agriculture. A comparatively poor performance of agroholdings' members in both regions implies that this organisational form suffers from principal management problems hampering the move of agricultural production towards efficient trajectories. The insights regarding the selection of agroholdings' members, farm restructuring, marketing activities and performance cannot however be simply transferred to Russian agriculture in general. In both regions analyzed the establishing of agroholdings was strongly promoted by the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10023

Structural change in Europe’s rural regions – Farm livelihoods between subsistence orientation, modernisation and non-farm diversification
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Salasan,   Cosmin; Curtiss,   Jarmila; Gomez y Paloma,   Gomez; Buchenrieder,   Gertrud; Fritzsch,   Jana; Wegener,   Stefan; Glauben,   Thomas; Hockmann,   Heinrich; Moller,   Lioudmila; Pieniadz,   Agata; Renner,   Swetlana; Davidova,   Sophia; Fredriksson,   Lena; Petrovici,   Dan Alex; Mishev,   Mishev; Hubbard,   Carmen; Gorton,   Matthew; Wolek,   Tomasz.
Edited volume of the contributions to the mini-symposium of the same title at the IAAE conference 2009.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: EU; Enlarged EU; Structural change; Farm livelihoods; Modernization; Rural development; Success stories; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; International Development.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53334

Farm Heterogeneity and Efficiency in Polish Agriculture: A Stochastic Frontier Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hockmann,   Heinrich; Pieniadz,   Agata.
This paper deals with the estimation of a random coefficient model. The virtue of this approach is that it considers firm heterogeneity, which conventional SFA models do not. Applying the model to Polish farms, the results indicate that the conventional random and fixed effect models overestimate the inefficiency score. In addition, the reasons for inefficiency are analysed. It is shown that despite the fragmentation of Polish agriculture, there is no evidence for scale inefficiency. Moreover, inefficiency could partly be attributed to factors that affect management input and requirements on farms.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: SFA; Random component model; Poland; Agriculture; Management; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44278

Efficiency and Heterogeneity in Czech Food Processing Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cechura,   Lukas; Hockmann,   Heinrich.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114314

MODELING HETEROGENEITY IN PRODUCTION MODELS: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM INDIVIDUAL FARMING IN POLAND
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hockmann,   Heinrich; Pieniadz,   Agata; Goraj,   Lech.
This discussion paper deals with the estimation of a random coefficient model. The virtue of this approach is that it considers firm heterogeneity, which conventional SFA models do not. Applying the model to Polish farms, the results indicate that the conventional random and fixed effect models overestimate the inefficiency score. In addition, the reasons for inefficiency are analyzed. It is shown that despite the fragmentation of Polish agriculture, there is no evidence for scale inefficiency. Moreover, inefficiency could partly be attributed to factors, which affect the management input and requirements on farms.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: SFA; Random component model; Poland; Management.; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Productivity Analysis; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q12; D24.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91733

Relationships' sustainability: the case of German wheat-to-bread chain
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bavorova,   Miroslava; Hockmann,   Heinrich.
In recent years there has been a shift in emphasis from transaction-based to more co-operative relationships, as chain members have recognised the need to invest in their supply chain relationships in order to protect their businesses. These non-arm’s-length relationships are capable of generating relational rents for chain partners. The main aim of this paper is to investigate why, in spite of the advantages of the non-arm’s-length relationships, some relationships do not continue. To enhance the understanding of the termination process, we identify and analyse the factors inducing relationship sustainability (continuation) as well as termination in the case of the German wheat-to-bread chain. The study built on the findings of relationship marketing...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Economic relationships; Sustainability; Termination; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44067

Measuring flexibility of multi-output firms: a primal and a dual measure
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Renner,   Swetlana; Hockmann,   Heinrich; Glauben,   Thomas.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Industrial Organization.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114797

On Flexibility in the Polish Farming Sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Renner,   Swetlana; Hockmann,   Heinrich; Pieniadz,   Agata; Glauben,   Thomas.
This paper investigates the flexibility of the Polish farming sector during a transition period. Flexibility is considered to be a farm’s ability to change output by sustaining average costs. We argue that flexibility is a crucial factor in farmers’ competitive advantage, especially under dynamically changing environmental conditions. We propose a flexibility measure that accounts for both input and output flexibility. This measure is used to empirically investigate the magnitude and sources of flexibility in Polish family farming. We also identify the main factors that explain the proposed flexibility indices. The empirical findings reveal that Polish farms use different technologies regarding their input and output flexibility. While small and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Flexibility; Family Farm; Poland; Consumer/Household Economics; Production Economics; D24; Q12.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52841

Factors Constraining Efficiency of Russian Corporate Farms: The Case of the Moscow Region
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hockmann,   Heinrich; Svetlov,   Nikolai M.
A time series model is estimated to identify the interrelation among prices on the international and the EU domestic market for butter. Although the findings were not derived from a causal model, the inspection of the data provides economically reasonable and important insights in structural relationship between international and domestic prices. The fact that international prices in the EU and Oceania are causal for each other is an indication of an integrated market. Price transmission is not perfect suggesting that competition between the EU and Oceania exists, however, but not as intense as it could be expected for a homogeneous good like butter. The estimates provide that the EU absorbs price fluctuations form the word market. Interestingly, changes...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Dairy market; International trade; Market integration; Agribusiness; Productivity Analysis; F15; Q13; Q17.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25439

Agriculture in the Face of Changing Markets, Institutions and Policies: Challenges and Strategies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Balmann,   Alfons; Curtiss,   Jarmila; Dautzenberg,   Kirsti; Happe,   Kathrin; Huang,   Jikun; Swinnen,   Johan F.M.; Rozelle,   Scott; Sedik,   David J.; Ciaian,   Pavel; Vranken,   Liesbet; Doitchinova,   Julia M.; Kanchev,   Ivan; Miteva,   Albena; Bachev,   Hrabrin Ianouchev; Forgacs,   Csaba; Guo,   Hongdong; Ferto,   Imre; Jolly,   Robert W.; Zhu,   Jianhua; Falkowski,   Jan; Milczarek,   Dominika; Peyerl,   Hermann; Breuer,   Gunter; Danilowska,   Alina; Zawojska,   Aldona; Ramanovich,   Mikhail; Hemme,   Torsten; Mirzaei,   Farhad; Heidelbach,   Olaf; Balkhausen,   Oliver; Banse,   Martin; Perekhozhuk,   Oleksandr; Grings,   Michael; Luka,   Oksana; Epstein,   David B.; Naydenov,   Nikolay; Sauer,   Johannes; Balint,   Borbala; Il'ina,   Natalia; Svetlov,   Nikolai M.; Weitzel,   Enno-Burghard; Bayaner,   Ahmet; Bakucs,   Lajos Zoltan; Hockmann,   Heinrich; Cechura,   Lukas; Herzfeld,   Thomas; Glauben,   Thomas; Azzarri,   Carlo; Carletto,   Calogero; Davis,   Benjamin; Zezza,   Alberto; Nivievskyi,   Oleg; von Cramon-Taubadel,   Stephan; Newton,   Claire; Bednarikova,   Zuzana; Doucha,   Tomas; Travnicek,   Zdenek; Fock,   Theodor.
Since the late 1980s, agriculture in Central and Eastern European Countries (CEECs) has been under considerable adjustment pressure due to changing political, economic and institutional environments. These changes have been linked to the transition process, as well as the ongoing integration into the European Union and the world market. Reduced subsidies, increased environmental and food quality demands, as well as structural changes in the supply, processing and food retailing sector call for major structural adjustments and the improvement of farmers’ managerial abilities. Though such changes always carry significant threats to farms, they also offer new opportunities for the farms' entrepreneurial engagement. Upcoming changes in the agricultural...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Farm Management; Industrial Organization; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93012

BIOENERGIE AS A SOURCE OF INCOME OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Makarchuk,   Oksana; Hockmann,   Heinrich; Lissitsa,   Alexej.
Enterprise activity is based on maximization of profit to increase the volume of own capital, to expand manufacture and to guarantee the earning of profit for the long-term period. Therefore everyone searches for new sources of the income by means of which it is possible to maximize cost of the made product. One of new sources of the income in agriculture is a cultivation of agricultural crops for the energy, heat, fuel (biofuel) manufacture. In this "discussion paper" the market is examined for biofuel, as well as their competitiveness is analyzed in comparison to mineral fuels. Germany takes the lead positions on manufacture and use of biofuel among the countries of the European Union and Ukraine has a big potential on the agricultural commodities market...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Биотопливо; Биоэтанол; Биомасса; Возобновляемые источники энергии; Конкурентоспособность; Спрос и предложение.Biokraftstoff; Bioethanol; Biomasse; Erneubare Energien; Wettbewerbsfähigkeit; Angebot und Nachfrage.Biofuel; Bioethanol; Biomass; Renewed energy sources; Competitiveness; Supply and demand.; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Productivity Analysis; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q12; Q27.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/91735

Assessing Market Functioning: The Case of the Hungarian Milk Chain
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hockmann,   Heinrich; Voneki,   Eva.
The paper discusses the impact of market power in the Hungarian milk chain. In a first step a vector error correction model is estimates to assess whether a domestic market for raw milk exists. Since the answer was positive we proceed by developing a structural market model of the Hungarian market for raw milk that is able to identify a possible affect of market power on resource allocation. A nonlinear 3SLS approach was applied to estimate the supply and the demand for raw milk. The results provide that despite the high concentration of in dairy processing the indications for market poser are rather limited. The “Bertrand like” equilibrium can be attributed to the low degree of capacity utilization in dairy processing and the marketing alternative of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Market power; Market integration; Dairy; Hungary.; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7805

Explaining differences in farms efficiencies in Polish agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hockmann,   Heinrich; Pieniadz,   Agata.
This paper deals with the estimation of a random coefficient model. The virtue of this approach is that it considers firm heterogeneity, which conventional SFA models do not. When the model is applied to Polish farms, the results indicate that the conventional random and fixed effect models overestimate the potential production increases due to the reduction of inefficiency. Additionally, our findings provide evidence of the importance of input quality for efficiency analysis. Moreover, the results indicate that farm heterogeneity is a significant determinant of agricultural production. We found that differences in productivity between the farms can partly be attributed to farm size, degree of integration in the product markets and incurred transaction...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: SFA; Random component model; Poland; Agriculture; Firm heterogeneity; Farm Management; Labor and Human Capital; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Q12; C23; D24; L23.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51051

Production Risk and Technical Inefficiency in Russian Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bokusheva,   Raushan; Hockmann,   Heinrich.
This paper aims to contribute to a better understanding of possible causes of considerable production variability that characterised Russian agriculture during the last decade. The study investigates production risk and technical inefficiency as two sources that influence production variability. Using panel data from 1996 to 2001, an empirical analysis of 443 large agricultural enterprises from three regions in central, southern and Volga Russia is conducted. A production function specification accounting for the effect of inputs on both risk and technical inefficiency is found to describe production technologies of Russian farms more appropriately than the traditional stochastic frontier formulation.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Production risk; Technical efficiency; Panel data; Russian agriculture; Production Economics; D81; Q12.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24610

Business Relationships and B2B Communication in Selected European Agri-food Chains – First Empirical Evidence
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fischer,   Christian; Hartmann,   Monika; Bavorova,   Miroslava; Hockmann,   Heinrich; Suvanto,   Hannele; Viitaharju,   Leena; Leat,   Philip M.K.; Revoredo-Giha,   Cesar; Henchion,   Maeve M.; McGee,   Claire; Dybowski,   Grzegorz; Kobuszynska,   Mira.
The roles of business relationships and B2B communication in selected European agri-food chains are analyzed. Using survey data from 1,026 farmers, food processors and retailers in two commodity sectors (meat and cereals) and five different EU countries (Germany, United Kingdom, Ireland, Finland, Poland), we test the empirical relevance of several theory-based determinants of relationship goodness. This is undertaken for the overall dataset and separately for different supply chain stages (farmer-processor versus the processor-retailer relationship) and for the individual countries. The estimation results, derived from structural equation modeling, suggest that the most important contributor to good business relationships is effective communication, with...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Business relationships; B2B communication; Agri-food; Value/supply chain; Structural equation modeling; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q10; Q13; Q16; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53645

TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF RUSSIAN CORPORATE FARMS: THE CASE OF THE MOSCOW REGION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Svetlov,   Nikolai M.; Hockmann,   Heinrich.
The research focus of the paper is to distinguish allocative and technical inefficiencies on Moscow region corporate farms. DEA specifications with both monetary and technical objective functions are applied. Reduced costs and sensitivity analyses are used to identify fixed inputs constraining either allocative or technical efficiency. To decrease heterogeneity and allow for the accessibility to different technologies of a given farm, the farms are grouped with respect to the set of outputs they produce. Thus, as a result of an unstable market environment, it is shown that allocative inefficiency causes 65-100 % (depending on the group) of total inefficiency in 2002 and 60-96 % in 1999. As for technical inefficiency, in 1999 its major source was the lack...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Technical inefficiency; Allocative inefficiency; Data Envelopment Analysis; Moscow region; Transitional economy; Farm Management; Productivity Analysis; D24; Q12; C14.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14922

Product Differentiation on the Polish Pig Meat Market
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pieniadz,   Agata; Hockmann,   Heinrich.
This study deals with horizontal product differentiation in the Polish pig meat market. Hypothesis among firms behaviour are derived from an illustrative model and tested in an empirical analysis using data from 1991-1998. The empirical analysis suggest that product differentiation is a relevant phenomenon in the polish pig meat markets. In addition we found that costs and competitions are important factors influencing price variation. However, further influences like price discrimination and vertical product differentiation are also important determinants for product price variations.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Pricing; Market structure; Product quality; Marketing.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24959

Explaining Quality Differences at the Procurement Stage in the Polish Milk Sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pieniadz,   Agata; Hockmann,   Heinrich.
The challenge of implementing EU quality and safety standards for food production and trading is one of the driving forces behind the restructuring of the agrofood chains in Central and Eastern European Countries (CEEC). The progress made in the compliance process not only varies amongst sectors and countries, but also among particular chains due to differences in their internal structure and strategies, and features of their political and economic surroundings. We construct a models to identify determinants of the diffusion rate of standards in a food chain under pre-accession conditions. We argue that adoption decisions in the food chain are determined by farmers' and processors' economic considerations. Factors such as pricing behavior, compliance costs...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Product quality; Standards; EU enlargement; Industrial organization; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25315

DOES GROUP AFFILIATION INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY AND EFFICIENCY IN RUSSIA’S AGRICULTURE? EVIDENCE FROM AGROHOLDINGS IN THE BELGOROD OBLAST
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hahlbrock,   Konstantin; Hockmann,   Heinrich.
The impact of group affiliation to agroholdings on enterprise performance in terms of productivity and efficiency is controversially discussed in the literature. However, only few papers evaluate the effects of group membership on the productivity and the efficiency of agricultural enterprises in Russia. The underlying research question of this paper is therefore whether farms that belong to agroholdings perform better than independent farms. We calculate partial land and labor productivity, total factor productivity and technical efficiency scores for the two categories of independent farms and members of agroholdings. In this paper a production function approach is estimated in the framework of stochastic frontier analysis. The results are used to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agroholding; Stochastic Frontier Analysis; Efficiency; Total Factor Productivity; Russia; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114579

MILK AND MILK PROCESSING INDUSTRY IN LITHUANIA: AN ANALYSIS OF HORIZONZAL AND VERTICAL INTEGRATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kedaitiene,   Angele; Hockmann,   Heinrich.
Despite significant progress in recent years, horizontal and vertical integration of the Lithuanian milk sector is not very much advanced. The primary sector is characterised by small-scale farming, the fragmentation of farmland and a low number of livestock per farms. These features cause severe problems regarding the restructuring and modernisation of agricultural production since only a few farmers possess the capital resources to conduct necessary investments. However, despite the unfavourable conditions Lithuanian milk producers have made significant improvements concerning milk quality. In the last decade, the processing sector was due to drastic concentration processes. These were induced by the strong competition processes on the milk market and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Horizontal and vertical integration; Lithuanian milk sector; Foreign trade; Consumption; Industrial Organization; Livestock Production/Industries; L11; L66; Q13.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14930

RISK, TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY AND MARKET TRANSACTION COSTS IN DIFFERENT ORGANISATIONAL FORMS: EVIDENCE FROM THE OBLAST TATARSTAN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hockmann,   Heinrich; Gataulina,   Ekaterina; Hahlbrock,   Konstantin.
The paper investigates the significance of external and internal transaction costs and risk in agriculture in the Tatarstan Republic. The analysis is conducted for independent farms and farms which are members of agroholdings. The result indicates that external transaction costs are more marked in independent farms than in agroholding members. However, average prices do not differ among the organisational forms. With regard to internal transaction costs (or inefficiency) the result is the opposite. Inefficiency in agroholding members is considerably higher than in independent farms. However, the estimation suggests that this result is due to more intense risk management in agroholding members. Thus, members of a business group have a more intense use of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Risk production function; Internal and external transaction costs; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Industrial Organization; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Q110; D220; P230.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114510

Farm Heterogeneity and Efficiency in Polish Agriculture: A Stochastic Frontier Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hockmann,   Heinrich; Pieniadz,   Agata.
This paper deals with the estimation of a random coefficient model. The virtue of this approach is that it considers firm heterogeneity, which conventional SFA models do not. Applying the model to Polish farms, the results indicate that the conventional random and fixed effect models overestimate the inefficiency score. In addition, the reasons for inefficiency are analysed. It is shown that despite the fragmentation of Polish agriculture, there is no evidence for scale inefficiency. Moreover, inefficiency could partly be attributed to factors, which affect the management input and requirements on farms.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: SFA; Random component model; Poland; Agriculture; Management; Farm Management.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7823

Optimal Farm Size in Russian Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Svetlov,   Nikolai M.; Hockmann,   Heinrich.
A set of dynamic DEA models is applied to investigate the determinants of farm size of Moscow oblast corporate farms in the period 1996-2004. New institutional economics is found to be more relevant to explaining farm sizes and their changes than the neo-classical framework. The results prove the hypothesis that the development of farm size is mainly caused by reducing transaction costs associated with getting access to product markets.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Farm size; Returns to scale; Dynamic DEA; Farm Management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Production Economics; P31; Q12.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51667

Agricultural economics and transition: What was expected, what we observed, the lessons learned  Proceedings (Volume I / II)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Csaki,   Csaba; Forgacs,   Csaba; Koester,   Ulrich; Liefert,   William M.; Banse,   Martin; Gay,   Stephan Hubertus; McDonald,   Scott; M'Barek,   Robert; Swinnen,   Johan F.M.; Kim,   Hanho; An,   Donghwan; Hubbard,   Lionel J.; Rieger,   Laszlo; Szoke,   Gyula; Cristoiu,   Adriana; Udovc,   Andrej; Kagan,   Adam; Sassi,   Maria; Takacs,   Istvan; Takacs,   Emese; Cimpoies,   Dragos; Ertsey,   Imre; Kovacs,   Sandor; Przygodzka,   Renata; Dziemianowicz,   Ryta Iwona; Magda,   Robert; Borodina,   Elena; Borodina,   Alexandra; Gavrilescu,   Dinu; Pecze,   Denes; Balogh,   Peter; Cechura,   Lukas; Sayin,   Cengiz; Cengiz,   M. Nisa; Osanami,   Fumio; Szabo,   Gabor G.; Karaman,   Suleyman; Szekely,   Geza; Szczepaniak,   Iwona; Szczegolska,   Monika; Serova,   Eugenia; Pieniadz,   Agata; Barmon,   Basanta Kumar; Kondo,   Takumi; Becvarova,   Vera; Levkovych,   Inna; Hockmann,   Heinrich; Bezlepkina,   Irina V.; Kupavych,   Alexander; Konig,   Gabor; Halmai,   Peter; Vasary,   Viktoria; Vincze,   Maria-Magdolna; Lerman,   Zvi; Kolcsey,   Andrea; Bokusheva,   Raushan; Turtoi,   Crina Sinziana; Toma,   Camelia; Gavrilescu,   Camelia; Davidova,   Sophia; Blaas,   Gejza; Antonova,   Maria; Zeller,   Manfred; Deininger,   Klaus W.; Savastano,   Sara; Carletto,   Calogero; Caceres-Clavero,   Francisco; Lucena-Cobos,   Blanca; Latruffe,   Laure; Takacs-Gyorgy,   Katalin; Bandlerova,   Anna; Sadowski,   Adam; Gomez y Paloma,   Sergio; Luca,   Lucian; Cristoiu,   Adriana; Ciaian,   Pavel; Pokrivcak,   Jan; Drabik,   Dusan; Voneki,   Eva; Tonini,   Axel; Burger,   Anna; Szep,   Katalin; Majewski,   Edward; Raggi,   Meri; Viaggi,   Davide; Maccarini,   Elisa Ricci; Monasterolo,   Irene; Vandeplas,   Anneleen; Jongeneel,   Roelof A.; Novak,   Petr; Brasili,   Cristina; Meyer,   William H.; Kuhne,   Bianka; Fanfani,   Roberto; Gellynck,   Xavier; Molnar,   Adrienn; Gagalyuk,   Taras; Traikova,   Diana; Mollers,   Judith; Cochrane,   Nancy J.; Kazlauskiene,   Natalija; Fekete-Farkas,   Maria; Molnar,   Jozsef; Szucs,   Istvan; Popp,   Jozsef; Udovecz,   Gabor; Florkowski,   Wojciech J.; Fritzsch,   Jana; Buchenrieder,   Gertrud; Kasarjyan,   Milada; Podruzsik,   Szilard; Korff,   Rudiger; Wilkin,   Jerzy; van Leeuwen,   Myrna; Bartova,   Lubica; Erjavec,   Emil; Katona-Kovacs,   Judit; Baranyai,   Zsolt; Hubbard,   Carmen.
Over fifteen years have elapsed since the transition from the centrally planned economic system started in the early 1990’s. During this time agricultural and rural areas of Central and Eastern Europe have undergone profound structural changes with wide variations in the degree of transformation and in the rate of success in creating a competitive market and private ownership based food and agricultural system. By becoming member of the European Union the "transition" in its traditional interpretation has been concluded in ten of the Central East European countries. The transition to market based agriculture, however, is far from completion in Southern and Eastern Europe and especially in the CIS countries. International Association of Agricultural...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Agricultural Finance; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Industrial Organization; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Land Economics/Use; Production Economics.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92319

How Effective is the Invisible Hand? Agricultural and Food Markets in Central and Eastern Europe
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hockmann,   Heinrich; Brosig,   Stephan; Popp,   Jozsef; Wilkin,   Jerzy; Juchniewicz,   Małgorzta; Milczarek,   Dominika; Ferto,   Imre; Forgacs,   Csaba; Juhasz,   Aniko; Kurthy,   Gyongyi; Hein,   Piret; Hobbs,   Jill E.; Nuppenau,   Ernst-August; Brümmer,   Bernhard; Zorya,   Sergiy; Bakucs,   Lajos Zoltan; Bojnec,   Stefan; Svetlov,   Nikolai M.; Hurrelmann,   Annette; Maack,   Kai; Hanf,   Jon Henrich; Glauben,   Thomas; Herzfeld,   Thomas; Wang,   Xiaobing; Balint,   Borbala; Lerman,   Zvi; Shagaida,   Natalya; Benner,   Eckhard; Wandel,   Jurgen; Nivievskyi,   Oleg; Kuhn,   Arnim.
Since the seminal work of Adam Smith, markets have been considered an efficient tool for co-ordinating the behaviour of economic agents. The basic characteristic of a market economy is that the complex system of interaction among individuals is not centrally coordinated. Under the assumption of profit and utility maximisation (and a whole set of assumptions about the institutional framework), relative prices and their change over time provide the signals that guide, like an invisible hand, the allocation of resources, i.e., the structure of production and the intensity of input use in the various production processes. They do this by co-ordinating the activities of economic agents, i.e., of resource owners, producers, intermediaries, traders, and...
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Industrial Organization; International Development; Labor and Human Capital; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93018