Consulta: creatorFacets:"Holloway,   Garth J."
Registros recuperados: 16
Data/hora: 03/06/2024 08:45:22

The Origin, Development And Structure Of Demand For Plant Genetic Resources. The Impact Of The In Trust Agreements To The CGIAR Collections Availability
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Caracciolo,   Francesco; Gotor,   Elisabetta; Holloway,   Garth J.; Watts,   Jamie.
The objective of this paper is to explore how the demand of germplasm held by CGIAR genebanks changed over time in order to assess the possible influence of the  1994 In Trust Agreements on germplasm demand. The proposed theoretic model motivates the realistic hypothesis that the consequences of the In-Trust Agreements lead to an enhancement of CGIAR germplasm utilization. Therefore the paper firstly examines the classical literature on biodiversity’s valuation and its recent developments and subsequently it investigates the origin of the agricultural biodiversity’s economic value, providing a basic conceptual framework to infer on factors determining the demand for germplasm. Two Bayesian estimation frameworks are applied to the IRRI accessions...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Crop genetic resources; Germplasm collection; Search theoretic framework; Count data; Changepoints; O19; Q18; Q57; C11.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36773

Organic Farming Policies and the Growth of the Organic Sector in Denmark and the UK: A Comparative Analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Daugbjerg,   Carsten; Tranter,   Richard B.; Holloway,   Garth J.
There has been little systematic analysis of the extent to which organic farming policies have influenced growth in the organic sector. Analyses of organic farming policy instruments, for the most part, provide extensive and detailed reviews of instruments applied either in a single country or across countries. Hence, there is a great need to examine systematically whether there is a relationship between the introduction of organic farming policies and the growth of the organic food sector, and whether particular designs of organic farming policies are more effective than others. In this paper, we take the first step in the endeavour of analysing the effects of organic farming by undertaking an econometric analysis of the relationship between organic...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Organic farming; Policy; Agricultural and Food Policy; Farm Management.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44173

CONDUCT AND VOLATILITY IN FOOD-PRICE DETERMINATION: VAR EVIDENCE FROM TURKISH AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Holloway,   Garth J.; Bayaner,   Ahmet.
The relationship between price volatility and competition is examined.  A theoretic, vector autoregressions on farm prices of wheat and retail prices of derivatives (flour, bread, pasta, bulgur and cookies) are compared to results from a dynamic, simultaneous-equations model with theory-based farm-to-retail linkages.  Analytical results yield insights about numbers of firms and their impacts on demand- and supply-side multipliers, but the applications to Turkish time series (1988:1-1996:12) yield mixed results.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Conduct; Volatility; Food marketing.; Marketing; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20795

Trip-Level Analysis of Efficiency Changes in Oregon's Deepwater Trawl Fishery
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tomberlin,   David; Holloway,   Garth J.
In 2003, an industry-financed, government-administered buyback of trawl fishing permits and vessels took place on the US West Coast, resulting in the retirement of about one-third of the limited-entry trawl fleet. The lack of cost data in this fishery precludes an analysis of how the buyback has affected profitability, but changes in technical efficiency can provide some insight into the program's effects. This paper, the first of a planned series of analyses of the buyback's effect on technical efficiency in the trawl fleet, applies stochastic frontier analysis to assess whether technical efficiency changed perceptibly after 2003. We adopt a hierarchical modeling approach estimated with Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods, and present results from both...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Fishery Buyback; Technical Efficiency; Stochastic Production Frontier; Bayesian Inference; Markov Chain Monte Carlo; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q2; L5; C1.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8223

AGROINDUSTRIALIZATION THROUGH INSTITUTIONAL INNOVATION: TRANSACTIONS COSTS, COOPERATIVES AND MILK-MARKET DEVELOPMENT IN THE ETHIOPIAN HIGHLANDS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Holloway,   Garth J.; Nicholson,   Charles F.; Delgado,   Christopher L.
Some small-holders are able to generate reliable and substantial income flows through small-scale dairy production for the local market; for others, a set of unique transactions costs hinders participation. Cooperative selling institutions are potential catalysts for mitigating these costs, stimulating entry into the market, and precipitating growth in rural communities. Trends in cooperative organization in East-African dairy are evaluated. Empirical work focuses on alternative techniques for effecting participation among a representative sample of periurban milk producers in the Ethiopian highlands. The techniques considered are a modern production practice (cross-bred cow use), a traditional production practice (indigenous-cow use), three...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/50169

New Results On Censored Regression with Applications to Transactions Costs, Household Decisions and Food Purchases
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Holloway,   Garth J.; Mazzocchi,   Mario; Perali,   Carlo Federico.
We generalize the Tobit censored regression to permit unique unobserved censoring thresholds conditioned by covariates and a set of common response coefficients. This situation , we argue, is one arising frequently in applications of censored regression and we provide three diverse examples to motivate the theory. We derive a robust estimation algorithm with three noteworthy features. First, by augmenting the observed-data likelihood with the censored observations, the estimation strategy is the same as Chib (1992) who derives Bayes estimates of the conventional censored regression. Second, by virtue of its generality, the model is applicable to a much broader set of circumstances than the conventional Tobit regression, which is nested as a special case of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Conditionally censored Tobit regression; Bayes inference; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; O11; C34; O13.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25293

Excise Taxes and Commodity Promotion: A Diagrammatic Motivation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Holloway,   Garth J.
This note shows how the solution to the promotion problem—the problem of locating the optimal level of advertising in a downstream market—can be motivated simply, diagrammatically, and without the need to resort to complicated mathematical arguments. The optimality condition is for the level of the farm price to remain invariant to  marginal adjustments in the program.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Commodity promotion; Excise taxes; Optimality; Agribusiness; Marketing.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90444

Bayes Estimates of Time to Organic Certification
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hattam,   Caroline; Holloway,   Garth J.
The adoption of organic production has increased dramatically over recent years, especially in less developed countries. However, little information is available about who adopts, the difficulties they face in converting and how these factors vary over time. Using small-scale avocado producers (&lt;15ha) from Michoacán, Mexico as a case study, this paper explores the factors affecting the time-to-adoption of organic production and certification, drawing from five parametric descriptions of the data. These models are implemented using a Bayesian approach and advances in Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. The results indicate that additional sources of income, together with membership of producers’ associations, higher levels of education and experience of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7979

BAYES' ESTIMATES OF THE DOUBLE HURDLE MODEL IN THE PRESENCE OF FIXED COSTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Holloway,   Garth J.; Barrett,   Christopher B.; Ehui,   Simeon K.
We present a model of market adoption (participation) where the presence of non-negligible fixed costs leads to non-zero censoring of the traditional double-hurdle regression.  Fixed costs arise due to household resources that must be devoted a priori to the decision to participate in the market.  These costs-usually a cost of time-motivate two-step decision-making and focus attentions on the minimum-efficient scale of operations (the minimum amount of milk sales) at which market entry becomes viable.  This focus, in turn, motivates a non-zero-censored Tobit regression estimated through routine application of Markov chain Monte Carlo Methods.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Market participation; Fixed costs; Double-hurdle model; Censored regression.; Financial Economics; O1; O11; C34; O13; Q16; D1.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14741

An Empirical Analysis of the Effects of Plant Variety Protection Legislation on Innovation and Transferability
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Srinivasan,   Chittur S.; Shankar,   Bhavani; Holloway,   Garth J.
Under the TRIPs Agreement, all member-countries of the World Trade Organization are required to provide an "effective" system of plant variety protection within a specific time frame. In many developing countries this has led to a divisive debate about the fundamental desirability of extending intellectual property rights to agriculture. But empirical studies on the economic impacts of PVP, especially its ability to generate large private sector investments in plant breeding and facilitate the transfer of technology, have been very limited. This paper examines two aspects of the international experience of PVP legislation thus far (i) The relationship between legislation, R&amp;D expenditures and PVP grants, i.e., the innovation effect, and (ii) The role...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Plant variety protection; Biotechnology; Technology transfer; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24788

HOW BIG IS YOUR NEIGHBORHOOD? SPATIAL IMPLICATIONS OF MARKET PARTICIPATION BY SMALLHOLDER LIVESTOCK PRODUCERS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lapar,   Ma. Lucila A.; Holloway,   Garth J.; Ehui,   Simeon K.
Identifying ways to increase market participation by smallholder producers requires identifying variables that influence market access.  This is usually achieved using probit estimation.  An important phenomenon affecting entry decision-making is the entry decision of a 'similar' household, where similarity is measured in terms of 'location.'  When neighborhood influences are significant, it is important to allow for them in discrete decision contexts, such as probit estimation.  This paper, therefore, assesses the magnitude of neighborhood influences in smallholder decisions concerning market entry.  The empirical model is based on a cross-section of (110) farms situated in northern Philippines, visited (twice) in the 2000-2001 production year (a panel of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25860

EXCISE TAXES AND COMMODITY PROMOTION: BAYESIAN RETRIEVAL OF THE OPTIMUM
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Holloway,   Garth J.
This article shows how the solution to the promotion problem--—the problem of locating the optimal level of advertising in a downstream market--—can be derived simply, empirically, and robustly through the application of some simple calculus and Bayesian econometrics. We derive the complete distribution of the level of promotion that maximizes producer surplus and generate recommendations about patterns as well as levels of expenditure that increase net returns. The theory and methods are applied to quarterly series (1978:2S1988:4) on red meats promotion by the Australian Meat and Live-Stock Corporation. A slightly different pattern of expenditure would have profited lamb producers.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Bayesian estimation; Commodity promotion as an experiment; Distribution of the optimum; Taylor-series expansion; Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14660

Spatial Econometric Issues for Bio-Economic and Land-Use Modeling
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Holloway,   Garth J.; Lacombe,   Donald J.; LeSage,   James P.
We survey the literature on spatial bio-economic and land-use modelling and review thematic developments. Unobserved site-specific heterogeneity is common in almost all of the surveyed works.  Heterogeneity appears also to be a significant catalyst engendering significant methodological innovation. To better equip prototypes to adequately incorporate heterogeneity, we consider a smorgasbord of extensions. We highlight some problems arising with their application; provide Bayesian solutions to some; and conjecture solutions for others.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Spatial econometrics; Bio-economic and land-use modelling; Bayesian solution; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25525

Was the Australian Meat and Live-stock Corporation's advertising efficient?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Holloway,   Garth J.; Peyton,   L. James; Griffith,   Garry R.
A theory of the allocation of producer levies earmarked for downstream promotion is developed and applied to quarterly series (1970:2–1988:4) on red‐meats advertising by the Australian Meat and Live‐stock Corporation. Robust inferences about program efficiency are contained in the coefficients of changes in promotion effort regressed against movements in farm price and quantity. Empirical evidence of program efficiency is inconclusive. While the deeper issue of efficient disbursement of funds remains an open question, there is evidence, at least, of efficient taxation.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries; Marketing.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117788

Modelling Synergies and Scope Economies between Farm Enterprises and Ecosystem Outputs in the Agricultural Sector in England and Wales
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fleming,   Euan M.; Hadley,   David; Holloway,   Garth J.
Interest has been growing in the nature of synergies in agroecosystems, prompted in part by growing concerns about the effects of environmental degradation on agricultural productivity and interrelations between agricultural outputs and ecosystem outputs. Most productivity analyses focus on technology, technical inefficiency and scale effects on productivity; yet scope economies derived from synergies can also have substantial effects that are likely to increase in the future. Scope economies take on special importance when farms diversify to halt declining biodiversity and other forms of environmental degradation. We present results of an empirical case study based on panel data on farms in England and Wales. A stochastic input distance function is...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Ecosystem outputs; Scope economies; Synergy; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59076

CONGESTION MODELS WITH CONSISTENT CONJECTURES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Holloway,   Garth J.
This paper demonstrates that, in situations in which a cumulative externality exists, the basic nature and extent of resource misallocation may be substantially less than we imagine. This conclusion stems from deriving consistent conjectures in a unified framework in which congestion is present. Experiments support the conclusion that, when numbers of agents are small, when there is little heterogeneity among them, and when they have the opportunity to observe each other during repeated experiment, the market allocation may be efficient.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/22372