Consulta: creatorFacets:"Ollikainen,   Markku"
Registros recuperados: 18
Data/hora: 07/06/2024 03:45:06

Counterfactual Approach for Assessing Agri-environmental Policy: The Case of the Finnish Water Protection Policy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lankoski,   Jussi E.; Ollikainen,   Markku.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114404

Mitigation options and policies in agricultural sector: a theoretical model and application
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ervola,   Asta; Lankoski,   Jussi E.; Ollikainen,   Markku.
Agriculture’s impact on climate change is unambiguous although its role is multifaceted as it is a source of greenhouse gases but also a sink. It’s feasibility to mitigate climate change has raised interest, but thorough studies about the net benefits of the mitigation practices are needed. The aim of this paper is to analyse the social net benefits of barley cultivation on three different soil types in Finland (clay, silt and organic) by using an integrated economic and ecological model. We ask whether it would be privately or socially profitable to allocate some of barley cultivation permanently for alternative land uses or cultivation systems, when production costs, GHG emissions and surface water quality impacts are taken into account. We compare the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Food Security and Poverty; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109320

Agri-Environmental Program Compliance in a Heterogeneous Landscape
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lankoski,   Jussi E.; Lichtenberg,   Erik; Ollikainen,   Markku.
Heterogeneity of agricultural landscapes may necessitate the use of spatially targeted instrument combinations to implement the social optimum.  But compliance with these policies may require costly enforcement.  This paper examines the design of agri-environmental policies featuring two of the most commonly used instruments, reductions in fertilizer application rates and installation of riparian buffers.  While compliance with buffer strip requirements is verifiable at negligible cost, fertilizer application is only verifiable through costly monitoring.  We derive optimal subsidies for fertilizer reduction and buffer strip set-asides and enforcement strategies for the cases of low and excessive monitoring costs.  An empirical simulation model suggests...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Nutrient runoff; Monitoring; Enforcement; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q15; Q18; H23.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37797

Bioethanol production under endogenous crop prices: Theoretical analysis with an empirical application to barley
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rinne,   J.; Lankoski,   Jussi E.; Ollikainen,   Markku.
The European Union’s Emission Trading Scheme (EUETS) and the current renewable resource program provide strong incentives to use agricultural crops either for combustion in power plants to produce electricity and heat or as a feedstock for transportation fuels. In this paper we examine the social desirability of ethanol production from agricultural crops. To endogenize the competition on land use, we employ a Ricardian model of heterogeneous land quality, where land is allocated to alternative crops on the basis of their relative profitability. The model comprises three land use types: bioenergy crop, conventional feed crop and green setaside. Industry demands crops for both ethanol and feed production. Effects on the GHG balance are explicitly taken into...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biofuels; Agricultural land allocation; Heterogeneous land quality; Crop Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44400

Biofuel policies and the environment: the effects of biofuel feedstock production on climate, water quality and biodiversity
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lankoski,   Jussi E.; Ollikainen,   Markku.
In this paper we examine the multiple environmental effects of policies promoting biofuel production from agricultural crops. We develop theoretical and empirical frameworks and provide an integrated economic and ecological modelling approach: an economic model of farmers’ decision making is combined with a biophysical model predicting the effects of farming practices on crop yields and multiple environmental effects. The analysed environmental effects include GHG emissions over the life cycle, nitrogen and phosphorus runoff, herbicide runoff and the quality of wildlife habitats. Model is applied to crop production in Finland. We found that the overall environmental performance of alternative land use types is mainly driven by the value of CO2-eq emissions...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Life cycle analysis; Nutrient runoff; Herbicide runoff; Greenhouse gas emissions; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Public Economics.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51677

Impacts of Agri-Environmental Policies on Land Allocation and Land Prices
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Guyomard,   Herve; Lankoski,   Jussi E.; Ollikainen,   Markku.
We develop a Ricardian framework with heterogeneous land quality to analyse the effects of agricultural and agri-environmental support policies on land allocation decisions and land prices. Four agri-environmental policy instruments are considered: a uniform area payment, a quality-dependent area payment, a mandatory buffer strip policy and a voluntary buffer strip payment. We also analyse how general tax and monetary policies may affect agricultural land prices. The theoretical framework is illustrated by an empirical model applied to Finnish agriculture. The empirical model shows that macroeconomic factors, such as general tax and monetary policies, may exert a greater impact on land prices than some minor fine-tuning in agrienvironmental policies.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agri-environmental policy; Acreage subsidy; Land price; Q11; Q18; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25310

Multifunctional Agriculture: A Framework and Policy Design
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lankoski,   Jussi E.; Ollikainen,   Markku.
We study the multifunctional character of agriculture in a model of endogenous input use and land allocation augmented by biodiversity, landscape amenity, and nutrient runoff. While biodiversity and landscape amenities represent the public good aspects of agriculture, nutrient runoff represents its negative externalities. We show that the private use of fertilizer input is higher and the size of buffer strips lower than the socially optimal solution requires. Also the socially optimal land allocation differs from the private solution due to the valuation of landscape diversity and runoff damages. The optimal policy is to use a differentiated fertilizer tax and a differentiated buffer strip subsidy and to determine their levels by the equality between the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; First-best instruments; Landscape mosaic; Multifunctional agriculture; Nutrient runoff; Shannon diversity index; Species-area relationship; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24947

Agri-environmental program compliance under heterogeneous conditions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lankoski,   Jussi E.; Lichtenberg,   Erik; Ollikainen,   Markku.
Heterogeneity of agricultural landscapes may necessitate the use of spatially targeted instrument combinations to implement the social optimum. But compliance with these policies may require costly enforcement. This paper examines the design of agri-environmental policies featuring two of the most commonly used instruments, reductions in fertilizer application rates and installation of riparian buffers. While compliance with buffer strip requirements is verifiable at negligible cost, fertilizer application is only verifiable through costly monitoring. We derive optimal subsidies for fertilizer reduction and buffer strip set-asides and enforcement strategies for the cases of low and excessive monitoring costs. An empirical simulation model suggests that...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Nutrient runoff; Monitoring; Enforcement; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44381

To Till or Not to Till? Social Profitability of No-Till Technology
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lankoski,   Jussi E.; Ollikainen,   Markku; Uusitalo,   Pekka.
We study from economic and environmental angles under what conditions no-till technology is socially optimal. We demonstrate theoretically that if yield under no-till is equal to or greater than under conventional technology, its adoption is socially optimal provided that herbicide runoff damages under both technologies are close enough. Finnish data shows, however, that only in one case out of three no-till provides higher social returns. In terms of nutrient runoffs no-till performs better than conventional technology. No-till reduces surface runoffs of nitrogen by 58%, and surface runoffs of particulate phosphorus by 70% relative to conventional technology, but causes more than three times higher dissolved phosphorus surface runoffs. The amount of total...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Nutrient runoffs; Herbicide runoffs; Buffer strips; Agri-environmental policy; Crop Production/Industries; Q16; Q18; H23.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24755

Impacts of Agri-Environmental Policies on Land Allocation and Prices
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Guyomard,   Herve; Lankoski,   Jussi E.; Ollikainen,   Markku.
We used Ricardian framework with heterogeneous land quality to analyse how policies used to support farm incomes, reduce negative agri-environmental externalities and enhance the provision of positive externalities influence land allocation decisions and land prices.  Four agri-environmental policy instruments are considered: a uniform area payment, a quality-dependent area payment, a mandatory buffer strip policy and a voluntary buffer strip payment.  We also analyse how general tax and monetary policies may affect agricultural land prices.  The theoretical framework is illustrated by an application to Finnish agriculture.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land allocation; Land rents; Agri-environmental policies; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Labor and Human Capital.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24466

Designing Cost Effective Auctions as Instruments to Reduce Nutrients Run-off from Agriculture into the Baltic Sea - An Experimental Study
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Larsen,   Karen; Ollikainen,   Markku.
This research studies the use of auctions for reducing leaching of phosphorus and nitrogen into the Baltic Sea. Auctions are introduced as a tool for creating environmental contracts in agriculture for the first time in Finland. A controlled laboratory experiment is used to analyze the effect of introducing a bundle mechanism in the auction. Landholders submit sealed bids on multiple parcels in a one shot reverse auction. Each parcel is assigned an environmental quality and varies in size. In one treatment landholders can offer bids on environmental contracts for their parcels individually. In the other treatment landholders are given the opportunity to bundle parcels of land together when submitting bids as well as submitting bids for individual parcels....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114401

Counterfactual approach for assessing agri-environmental policy: The case of the Finnish water protection policy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lankoski,   Jussi E.; Ollikainen,   Markku.
This paper applies counterfactual approach to assess the impacts of agri-environmental programs. Counterfactual analysis evaluates policies answering questions: what would have happened if...? We develop a theoretical framework for counterfactual analysis based on the inter-linkages between the behaviour of agents and the response of environmental systems to the economic decisions. We apply our model to assess the performance of the Finnish Agri- Environmental Programme to reduce agricultural nutrient runoff to the Baltic Sea. Counterfactual analysis allows us to determine both the unit effectiveness of the measures included in the Programme and its preventive impact. We demonstrate that the Finnish Agri- Environmental Programme does not achieve its goals,...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environmental policy evaluation; Counterfactual analysis; Nutrient runoff; The Baltic Sea; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q5; H23; H43.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98993

Agriculture and Climate Change: Socially Optimal Production and Land Use
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ervola,   Asta; Lankoski,   Jussi E.; Ollikainen,   Markku.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114339

Multifunctional agriculture: The effect of non-public good on socially optimal policies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ollikainen,   Markku; Lankoski,   Jussi E.
We develop a general framework for multifunctional agriculture, which includes not only public goods but also rural viability as a non-public good item. We contribute to the literature in two ways. First, we demonstrate how the broader definition of multifunctional agriculture differs from the agri-environmental multifunctionality, and how agri-environmental policy should be reformed to include these aspects. We show that rural viability entails adjusting fertilizer tax and buffer strip subsidy below their first-best Pigouvian levels to reflect the direct and indirect employment effects of agricultural production. Moreover, we show that when non-agricultural land use is present, an additional, non-agricultural instrument is needed to adjust the amount of...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11866

Multifunctional Agriculture: The Effect of Non-Public Goods on Socially Optimal Policies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ollikainen,   Markku; Lankoski,   Jussi E.
We develop a general framework for multifunctional agriculture, which includes not only public goods but also rural viability as a non-public good item. We contribute to the literature in two ways. First, we demonstrate how the broader definition of multifunctional agriculture differs from the agri-environmental multifunctionality, and how agri-environmental policy should be reformed to include these aspects. We show that rural viability entails adjusting fertilizer tax and buffer strip subsidy below their first-best Pigouvian levels to reflect the direct and indirect employment effects of agricultural production. Moreover, we show that when non-agricultural land use is present, an additional, non-agricultural instrument is needed to adjust the amount of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Employment; Nutrient runoffs; Rural viability; Labor and Human Capital; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24611

The Impacts of Alternative Policy Scenarios on Multifunctionality
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lehtonen,   Heikki; Lankoski,   Jussi E.; Niemi,   Jyrki S.; Ollikainen,   Markku.
This paper provides first results of the sector model approach to analyze the effects of alternative policy scenarios on the multifunctional role of Finnish agriculture. In terms of environmental non-commodity outputs we focus on nutrient runoffs, landscape diversity and biodiversity. As regards to socio-economic outputs our focus is on direct and indirect agricultural labour force. The results suggest that while partial de-coupling agricultural supports from production is not likely to result in any drastic decline of agricultural production the amount of green fallow will increase considerably. As a result, the agricultural land will become biologically richer. The agricultural labour force is likely to decrease substantially irrespective of agricultural...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural policy; Multifunctionality; Sector model; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q18; Q21.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24459

Green auctions versus uniform agri-environmental payments under heterogeneous conditions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cattaneo,   Andrea; Lankoski,   Jussi E.; Ollikainen,   Markku.
This paper examines how jointness of environmental benefits and environmental heterogeneity affect auction designs and the potential benefits of green auctions over conventional flat-rate agri-environmental policies. A sealed bid green auction is used to promote an agri-environmental program with two environmental targets, nutrient runoff reduction and biodiversity provision. A score index comprising of environmental performance and the monetary size of bid is developed to rank the farmers’ applications. The green auction is analyzed analytically and then empirically by using Finnish data.  An auction that screens according to the environmental score and another one with an additional cost-saving component are simulated in the context of two different...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Bid; Joint environmental benefits; Score index value; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Public Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51678

Multifunctionality: Environment versus Rural Viability in Social Optima
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ollikainen,   Markku; Lankoski,   Jussi E.
We examine policy implications of including rural viability to the notion of multifunctional agriculture. We assume that rural viability refers predominantly to the number of people living in rural areas to keep the infrastructure and living conditions at good state for a good life. The economic core of viability is employment in agriculture and agriculture serving sectors. Viability benefits are modelled with the help of a viability valuation function. We demonstrate that rural viability entails adjusting fertilizer tax and buffer strip subsidy below their environmental first-best Pigouvian levels to reflect the direct and indirect employment effects of agricultural production. Moreover, when non-agricultural land use is present, an additional,...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Employment; Nutrient runoff; Rural viability; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Political Economy; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90683