Consulta: creatorFacets:"Patterson,   Paul M."
Registros recuperados: 37
Data/hora: 02/06/2024 13:35:21

RETAIL CONTRACTING AND GROWER PRICES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Patterson,   Paul M.; Richards,   Timothy J.
Contracting directly between produce shippers and retailers is growing in importance.  Retailers seek to obtain reliable supplies, while reducing their reliance on recurring market transactions.  Producers seek stable prices and market access.  These private transactions diminish spot market liquidity and enhance noncompetitive buying opportunities, raising concerns over the resulting impact on grower prices, whether under contract or not, and the future produce market structure.  Primary data are used to test hypotheses on contract participation.  Simulations on grower prices reveal that contract prices are generally lower, but less variable, than market prices, suggesting a form of risk sharing.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Marketing.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20534

NEW VARIETIES AND THE RETURNS TO COMMODITY PROMOTION: THE CASE OF FUJI APPLES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Patterson,   Paul M.
The Fuji apple variety is relatively new in the U.S. As a new product, questions concern the relative impact of consumer learning by experience, by variety-specific promotion, or by generic apple promotion. A two-stage (LES/LAIDS) model incorporating both types of promotion is used to estimate the effect of generic and variety specific promotion, as well as consumer experience, on the demand for Fuji apples. Estimates show each to have a positive impact, and also show new or speciality apple varieties to be relatively price inelastic, but income elastic. Grower returns to promotion are calculated with an equilibrium displacement model of price changes and producer surplus. Changes in producer surplus provide a base-scenario benefit: cost ratio of 6.33:1.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Consumer/Household Economics; Marketing.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31339

Advertising and Retail Promotion of Washington Apples: A Structural Latent Variable Approach to Promotion Evaluation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Gao,   Xiaoming; Patterson,   Paul M.
"Commodity promotion" consists of many activities, each designed to contribute to a consumer's product knowledge or influence tastes. However, both knowledge and tastes are unobservable, or latent, variables influencing demand. This paper specifies a dynamic structural model of fresh fruit demand that treats promotion and other socioeconomic variables as "causal" variables influencing these latent variables. Estimating this state-space model using a Kalman filter approach provides estimates of both the system parameters and a latent variable series. The results show that these latent effects contribute positively to apple and other fruit consumption, while reducing banana consumption.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Commodity promotion; Demand system; DYMIMIC; Fresh fruit; Kalman filter; LA/AIDS; Latent variables; Marketing.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28547

State-Grown Promotion Programs: Fresher, Better?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Patterson,   Paul M.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Marketing; Q13; Q18.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94433

NATIVE AMERICAN OBESITY: AN ECONOMIC MODEL OF THE THRIFTY GENE THEORY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Patterson,   Paul M.
Native American obesity and the associated health conditions are generally thought to result in part from a genetic predisposition to overeating fats and carbohydrates, called the "thrifty gene."  Although coined by nutritional scientists, this study maintains the origin of the thrifty gene lies in economics.  Apparently harmful overconsumption and addiction constitute economically rational behavior if the increment to current utility from adding to one's stock of "consumption capital" is greater than the present value of utility lost in the future due to ill health and the costs of withdrawal. Tests of these conditions for such "rational addiction" are conducted using two-stage household production approach.  The results obtained by estimating this model...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36208

Impact of Depreciating Exchange Rate on U.S. Produce Trade
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Acharya,   Ram N.; Patterson,   Paul M.
This study examines the impact of depreciating exchange rate on U.S. fresh produce trade. The short run analysis does not support J-curve hypothesis but the overall results are consistent with the modified version of the hypothesis that devaluation would initially deteriorate the trade balance but improve it in the long run.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19492

NEW VARIETIES AND THE RETURNS TO COMMODITY PROMOTION: WASHINGTON FUJI APPLES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Patterson,   Paul M.
The Fugi apple variety is relatively new in the U.S.  As a new product, questions concern the relative impact of consumer learning by experience, by variety-specific promotion, or by generic apple promotion.  Estimates show each to have a positive impact.  Changes in producer surplus provide a base-scenario benefit-cost ratio of 11.98.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries; Marketing.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20784

Fast Food, Addiction, and Market Power
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Patterson,   Paul M.; Hamilton,   Stephen F.
Many attribute the rise in obesity since the early 1980's to the overconsumption of fast food.  A dynamic model of a different-product industry equilibrium shows that a firm with market power will price below marginal cost in a steady-state equilibrium.  A spatial hedonic pricing model is used to test whether fast food firms set prices in order to exploit their inherent addictiveness.  The results show that firms price products dense in addictive nutrients below marginal cost, but price products high in nonaddictive nutrients higher than would be the case in perfect competition.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Addiction; Brand loyalty; Fast food; Generalized method of moments; Hedonic pricing; Nutrients; Shadow values; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7077

New Varieties and the Returns to Commodity Promotion: Washington Fuji Apples
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Patterson,   Paul M.
The Fuji apple variety is relatively new in the U.S. As a new product, questions concern the relative impact of consumer learning by experience, by variety-specific promotion, or by generic apple promotion. A two-stage (LES/LAIDS) model incorporating both types of promotion is used to estimate the effect of generic and variety specific promotion, as well as consumer experience, on the demand for Fuji apples. Estimates show each to have a positive impact, and also show new or specialty apple varieties to be relatively price inelastic, but income elastic.  Grower returns to promotion are calculated with an equilibrium displacement model of price changes and producer surplus. Changes in producer surplus provide a base-scenario benefit:cost ratio of 14.73....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Apple demand; Experience; LAIDS; New products; Producer surplus; Promotion; Varieties.; Marketing.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28541

A Bilateral Comparison of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption: U.S. and Canada
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Patterson,   Paul M.
Many public programs promote diets rich in fruits and vegetables based on evidence on the derived health benefits. Sill, produce consumption in the U.S. lags behind other nations, even its most culturally similar neighbor–Canada. This study uses a structural latent variable model to test the role quality and health information play in explaining observed differences in produce consumption. The Alchian-Allen effect predicts that higher quality, higher absolute margin produce will be exported, suggesting that quality may be an important demand factor in importing nations such as Canada. The results show that dietary health information is significant in expanding demands. Quality also promotes fruit consumption in Canada.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Alchian-Allen effect; Fruit and vegetable trade; Health information; Produce quality; Latent variable; MIMIC model; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28538

HEALTH, FOOD SAFETY AND MEAT DEMAND
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Flake,   Oliver L.; Patterson,   Paul M.
For nearly two decades, the U.S. beef industry has faced a long term structural change, which has resulted in consumers shifting from beef to chicken.  This shift has occurred due to consumer concerns on cholesterol consumption.  More recently, this industry has confronted new challenges on the safety of beef, due to the potential presence of biological contaminants.  This study incorporates a measure on food safety with a measure on health information in a meat demand system.  Beef safety information is found to have a modest impact on beef demand, but is dominated by health information.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Meat demand; Health; Food safety; LA/AIDS; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21648

Spatial Competition and Private Labels
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Hamilton,   Stephen F.; Patterson,   Paul M.
Private labels, also known as store brands, are an important component of competitive strategy among multi-product retailers, as they can increase retailers’ power over suppliers in the vertical channel or facilitate horizontal differentiation among retailers. This paper seeks to identify the relative importance of each role, conditional on the location of both private labels and national brands of ice cream in attribute space. We find that retailers’ share of the total margin (retail price less production cost) is higher for private labels than national brands when retailers choose to imitate national brands with their own offerings.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Multi-product oligopoly; Nested logit; Private labels; Retailing; Spatial modeling; Industrial Organization.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93207

RESTAURANT DINER'S’ ATTITUDES AND RESPONSES TO A HEALTHY DINING CAMPAIGN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Acharya,   Ram N.; Patterson,   Paul M.; Schmitz,   Troy G.; Foerster,   Susan B.; Hill,   Esther; Jones,   Anita; Bohm,   Erica.
This study examines the impact of a healthy dining campaign on consumer's menu choices.  Four restaurant chains operating in the greater San Diego area participated in the "Treat Yourself Well" (TYW) campaign.  Menu entrees, which contain at least 2 servings of fruits and/or vegetables and less than 30% calories from fat or less than 20 gram of fat, were identified as healthy items and promoted.  The study area was divided into experimental and control region and various promotional activities including paid advertising, public relations, networking with health providers, and in-restaurant and neighborhood promotions were conducted in experimental region.  Consumer surveys were conducted in both experimental and control regions at the beginning and towards...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Social marketing campaign; Reminder and attitude effects; Consumer food choices; Simultaneous equation model.; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19707

A Bilateral Comparison of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption: United States and Canada
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Patterson,   Paul M.
Many public programs promote diets rich in fruits and vegetables based on evidence of the derived health benefits. Still, produce consumption in the United States lags behind other nations, even its most culturally similar neighbor--Canada. This study uses a structural latent variable model to test the role played by quality and health information in explaining observed differences in produce consumption. The Alchian-Allen effect predicts that higher quality, higher absolute margin produce will be exported, suggesting quality may be an important demand factor in importing nations such as Canada. The results show that dietary health information is significant in expanding demands. Quality also promotes fruit consumption in Canada.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Alchian-Allen effect; Fruit and vegetable trade; Health information; Latent variable; MIMIC model; Produce quality; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31217

EVALUATING THE POTENTIAL FOR LOCAL FOOD PRODUCTS IN HISPANIC MARKETS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Martinez,   Samuel Cardona; Patterson,   Paul M.
Evaluations on the effectiveness of state and origin branding programs remain relatively scant and generally have not focused on specific target populations, including the fastest growing group-Hispanic consumers. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the Arizona Grown brand and the nascent Mexico Selected Quality brand in differentiating and promoting food products in Hispanic markets.  It was found that Hispanic consumers tend to view these food product brands as nearly identical in perceived quality.  Furthermore, they are willing to pay nearly equal premiums for products branded as such.  These consumers saw no value in country of origin information alone.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Marketing.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20372

Firm-Level Competition in Price and Variety
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Patterson,   Paul M.
Consumer product manufacturers often compete in dynamic, multi-firm oligopolies using multiple strategic tools. While existing empirical models of strategic interaction typically consider only parts of the more general problem, this paper presents a more comprehensive alternative. Marketing decision are dynamically optimal, consistent with optimal consumer choice, and responsive to rival decisions. Using a single-market case study that consists of five years of four-weekly data on ready-to-eat cereal sales, prices, and new brand introductions, we test several hypotheses regarding the nature of strategic interaction among several rival manufacturers. We find that cereal manufacturers price and introduce new brands cooperatively in the same period, but...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Cereal; Differentiated products; Dynamics; Oligopoly; Product line rivalry; Strategic interaction; Demand and Price Analysis; D43; L13; L66; M31; Q13.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43788

DYNAMIC COMPLEMENTARITY IN EXPORT PROMOTION: THE MARKET ACCESS PROGRAM IN FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Patterson,   Paul M.
To justify public subsidies for export promotion, export markets must fail to provide incentives for exporters to recognize the benefits of spillover or long-term benefits of promotion. This paper tests for these failures in dynamic dual model for horticultural export supply.  Results show significant spillovers and dynamic effects.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20851

OBESITY AND NUTRIENT CONSUMPTION: A RATIONAL ADDICTION?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Patterson,   Paul M.; Tegene,   Abebayehu.
This study tests for a rational addiction to food nutrients as a potential explanation for the obesity epidemic.  A random coefficients (mixed) logit model applied to household scanner data finds evidence of a strong, forward-looking addiction to carbohydrates.  Consequently, price-based policies may be effective in controlling excessive nutrient intake.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20079

Analysis of the Effects of a Healthy Dining Campaign on Sales of Healthy Menu Items
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Patterson,   Paul M.; Acharya,   Ram N.; Schmitz,   Troy G.; Foerster,   Susan B.; Hill,   Esther; Jones,   Anita; Bohm,   Erica.
Although so-called "“Heart Healthy”" menu items exist, restaurateurs rarely promote them and consumers seem to avoid them.  Still, concerns over obesity and poor nutrition have become priority policy issues.  This study evaluates the effectiveness of a social marketing campaign in promoting the sale of healthy menu items.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Marketing.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19892

Print Advertisement Characteristics and Apple Variety Attraction: A Mimic Model Approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Patterson,   Paul M.; Richards,   Timothy J.
A structural latent variable model of apple variety demand is used to analyze the effect of variety specific newspaper advertisement characteristics on variety attraction (preferences), and in turn on variety demand. The influence of advertisement size, the use of color and the Washington apple logo were analyzed. The estimated variety attraction variable is important in explaining demand. Model specifications which exclude this variable tend to understate demand elasticities. Advertisement size has a positive impact on Granny Smith, Fuji, and Gala sales. Red Delicious sales are positively influenced by color ads, but negatively affected by ads with the Washington apple logo.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Apple demand; Newspaper advertisements; Structural latent variable model; Marketing.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28537

Strategic Interaction With Multiple Tools: A New Empirical Model
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Patterson,   Paul M.
The Lanchester model of strategic interaction typically considers only two-firm rivalry and one strategic tool. This paper presents an alternative that considers rivalry among several firms using multiple tools. Marketing decisions are dynamically optimal and use equations of motion for market share that are consistent with optimal consumer choice. Using a single-market case study that consists of five years of monthly data on ready to eat cereal sales, advertising, product development investments and new product introductions, we test our model against a similar Lanchester specification. Non-nested specification tests fail to reject the proposed model, but reject the Lanchester alternative.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Advertising; Brands; Cereal; Dynamic; Lanchester; Oligopoly; Strategic interaction.; Marketing.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28545

ADVERTISING AND RETAIL PROMOTION OF WASHINGTON APPLES: A STRUCTURAL LATENT VARIABLE APPROACH TO PROMOTION EVALUATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Gao,   Xiaoming; Patterson,   Paul M.
"Commodity promotion" consists of many activities, each designed to contribute to a consumer's product knowledge or influence tastes.  However, both knowledge and tastes are unobservable, or latent, variables influencing demand.  This paper specifies a dynamic structural model of fresh fruit demand that treats promotion and other socioeconomic variables as "causal" variables influencing these latent variables.  Estimating this state-space model using a Kalman filter approach provides estimates of both the system parameters and a latent variable series.  The results show that these latent effects contribute positively to apple and other fruit consumption, while reducing banana consumption.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Commodity promotion; Demand system; DYMIMIC; Fresh fruit; Kalman filter; LA/AIDS; Latent variables; Marketing.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15132

A BILATERAL COMPARISON OF FRUIT AND VEGETABLE CONSUMPTION: U.S AND CANADA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Patterson,   Paul M.
A structural latent variable model tests the role quality and information play in explaining observed differences in Canadian and U.S. produce consumption (5.0 vs. 3.5 servings/day).  Dietary health information is significant in expanding demands.  Quality promotes fruit consumption in Canada, consistent with the Alchian-Allen prediction.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21891

DYNAMIC COMPLEMENTARITY IN EXPORT PROMOTION: THE MARKET ACCESS PROGRAM IN FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Patterson,   Paul M.
Government-supported promotion in foreign markets may justified when market failures exist, such as spillover externalities, where promotion of one commodity positively influences exports of another, or when market uncertainties cause planning horizons to be shorter than the persistent effects of promotion. A dynamic model of U.S. apple, almond, grape, and wine export supply is developed to test for these market failures. Promotion is viewed as an investment in establishing and maintaining a product’'s image. Evidence supporting the existence of each market failure is found. Exporters and program administrators may fail to account for them in export promotion planning.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31198

Sales Promotion and Cooperative Retail Pricing Strategies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Patterson,   Paul M.
Supermarket retailers make strategic pricing decisions in a high-frequency, repeated game environment both in buying and selling fresh produce. In this context, there is some question as to whether a non-cooperative equilibrium can emerge that produces margins above the competitive level. Supermarket pricing results from tacitly collusive equilibria supported by trigger price strategies played in upstream markets. Upstream activities are, in turn, driven by periodic retail price promotions. We test this hypothesis using a sample of fresh produce pricing data from 20 supermarket chains in markets distributed throughout the U.S. Our results support the existence of tacitly collusive non-cooperative equilibria in upstream and downstream markets.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Dynamics; Game theory; Nash equilibrium; Perishables; Supermarkets; Tacit collusion; Trigger prices.; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28542

Native American Obesity: An Economic Model of the "Thrifty Gene" Theory
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Patterson,   Paul M.
Native American obesity and the associated health conditions are generally thought to result in part from a genetic predisposition to overeating fats and carbohydrates, called the "thrifty gene." Although coined by nutritional scientists, this study maintains the origin of the thrifty gene lies in economics. Apparently harmful overconsumption and addiction constitute economically rational behavior if the increment to current utility from adding to one's stock of "consumption capital" is greater than the present value of utility lost in the future due to ill health and the costs of withdrawal. Tests of these conditions for such "rational addiction" are conducted using two-stage household production approach. The results obtained by estimating this model in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Type II diabetes; Household production; Native Americans; Demand estimation; Shadow values.; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28544

Obesity and Nutrient Consumption: A Rational Addiction?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Patterson,   Paul M.; Tegene,   Abebayehu.
Widespread obesity in the U.S. is a relatively recent phenomenon, reaching epidemic proportions only in the last 15 years. However, existing research shows that while calorie expenditure through physical activity has not changed appreciably since 1980, calorie consumption has risen dramatically. Consequently, any explanation of obesity must address the reason why consumers tend to overeat in spite of somewhat obvious future health implications. This study tests for an addiction to food nutrients as a potential explanation for the obesity epidemic. Specifically, we use a random coefficients (mixed) logit model applied to household scanner data to test a multivariate version of the rational addiction model of Becker and Murphy and Chaloupka. We find evidence...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Addiction; Demand; Mixed logit; Nutrients; Obesity.; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28539

THE IMPACT OF PROMOTION AND ADVERTISING ON CHOICE OF FRUIT CATEGORY AND APPLE VARIETY: A LATENT-CLASS APPROACH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Patterson,   Paul M.
This study applies a latent class estimation technique to a panel of A.C. Nielsen fruit-consuming households to define price, advertising, and promotion responsiveness segments.  Ex post analysis of these segments finds significant demographic differences among them, suggesting that fruit-marketers should target their marketing activities in order to improve their efficiency.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Advertising; Apple demand; Latent class analysis; Segmentation; Demand and Price Analysis; Marketing.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21627

THE EXPORT ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM'S INFLUENCE ON FIRM-LEVEL COMPETITION IN INTERNATIONAL MARKETS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Patterson,   Paul M.; Abbott,   Philip C.; Stiegert,   Kyle W.
The U.S. government awarded export subsidies to agribusiness firms through the Export Enhancement Program (EEP). This study analyzes (a) whether the subsidies promoted new firm market entry and (b) whether firm characteristics influenced program participation. Trade in three commodities, poultry, wheat, and wheat flour, was analyzed using firm level data. It was found that new firm market entry was not significantly higher among subsidy recipients and that past program participation strongly influenced current program participation. Although the EEP is believed to have been administered fairly, perceived or real barriers prevented some firms from using it.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30997

MODELING FRESH TOMATO MARKETING MARGINS: ECONOMETRICS AND NEURAL NETWORKS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Patterson,   Paul M.; van Ispelen,   Pieter.
This study compares two methods of estimating a reduced form model of fresh tomato marketing margins: an econometric and an artificial neural network (ANN) approach.  Model performance is evaluated by comparing out-of-sample forecasts for the period of January 1992 to December 1994.  Parameter estimates using the econometric model fail to reject a dynamic, imperfectly competitive, uncertain relative price spread margin specification, but misspecification tests reject both linearity and log-linearity.  This nonlinearity suggests that an inherently nonlinear method, such as a neural network, may be of some value.  The neural network is able to forecast with approximately half the mean square error of the econometric model, but both are equally adept at...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Marketing.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31525

The Impact of Advertising on Product Choice, Purchase frequency and Purchase Quantity: Washington Apples
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Patterson,   Paul M.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Marketing.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28543

CAUSES OF RETAIL PRICE FIXITY: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Patterson,   Paul M.
Existing empirical studies do not provide a unifying explanation for retail price fixity.  However, economic hysteresis, or the persistence of an economic phenomenon after its initial cause has disappeared, offers a general explanation.  Estimates of an empirical model of retail-price hysteresis using store-level scanner data support our hypothesis.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19841

Retail Consolidation and Produce Buying Practices: A Summary of the Evidence and Potential Industry and Policy Responses
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sexton,   Richard J.; Richards,   Timothy J.; Patterson,   Paul M.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Industrial Organization.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/11933

State and Origin Branding in Hispanic Food Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Patterson,   Paul M.; Martinez,   Samuel Cardona.
Evaluations on the effectiveness of state and origin branding programs remain relatively scant and generally have not focused on specific target populations, including Hispanic consumers, the fastest-growing group. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the Arizona Grown brand and the nascent Mexico Selected Quality brand in differentiating and promoting food products in Hispanic markets. It was found that Hispanic consumers tend to view these food-product brands as nearly identical in perceived quality. Furthermore, they are willing to pay nearly equal premiums for products branded as such. These consumers saw no value in country-of-origin information alone.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/27553

THE ECONOMIC VALUE OF PUBLIC RELATIONS EXPENDITURES: FOOD SAFETY AND THE STRAWBERRY CASE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Patterson,   Paul M.
Food safety has become an important issue affecting public health and grower profits. Outbreaks of foodborne illnesses are typically accompanied by press accounts of the incident and a decrease in demand. This study estimates the short- and long-run impacts of adverse and positive information delivered through print media on strawberry grower profits. Positive information may arise as apart of the promotional efforts of grower associations. It is found that adverse information reduces grower profits, but that positive information can partially offset their effects. It is suggested that grower groups could redirect funds used for promotion to food safety initiatives.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30804

SUPPLIER SUBSTITUTABILITY BY IMPORTERS: IMPLICATIONS FOR ASSESSING THE 1980 U.S. GRAIN EMBARGO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Abbott,   Philip C.; Paarlberg,   Philip L.; Patterson,   Paul M.
The 1980 U.S. suspension of grain sales to the Soviet Union illustrates the importance of the choice of conceptual framework for empirical analysis of international trade problems.  A spatial equilibrium model of wheat and coarse grains trade assumes perfect substitution among exporting nations' commodities by importers and, thus, precludes the embargo from having a large impact.  The imperfect substitutability assumption of an Armington model results in larger consequences from the embargo.  For small shocks, the Armington model better captures the rigidities characteristic of international grain markets.  The spatial model provides insights on adjustments to large shocks, but rigidities persist in actual markets.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 1988
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29260

Spatial Competition in Private Labels
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Richards,   Timothy J.; Hamilton,   Stephen F.; Patterson,   Paul M.
Previous studies find that private labels increase retailers' bargaining power with manufacturers and allow retailers to price discriminate.  We use a spatial discrete choice model to show that retailers also use store brands to create market power through store differentiation, but not as a means of building market share.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Marketing.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9840