Consulta: creatorFacets:"Shankar,   Bhavani"
Registros recuperados: 12
Data/hora: 03/06/2024 11:28:22

A Panel Data Study of the Determinants of Micronutrient Intake in China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Liu,   Yi; Shankar,   Bhavani.
Rapid economic growth in China has resulted in substantially improved household incomes. Diets have also changed, with a movement away from traditional foods and towards animal products and processed foods. Yet micronutrient deficiencies, particularly for calcium and vitamin A, are still widespread in China. In this research we model the determinants of the intakes of these two micronutrients using household panel data, asking particularly whether continuing income increases are likely to cause the deficiencies to be overcome. Nonparametric kernel regressions and random effects panel regression models are employed. The results show a statistically significant but relatively small positive income effect on both nutrient intakes. The local availability of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; I12; O12.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25585

Fat Chance: Modelling the Socio-Economic Determinants of Dietary Fat Intake in China
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shankar,   Bhavani.
Quantile Regression methods have much to offer the investigation of the determinants of dietary intake. Dietary inadequacy or excess occurs at the tails of nutrient and food intakes, and it seems intuitive that intake responses in these areas will differ from elsewhere along the intake distribution. We apply quantile regression to examine the drivers of a key aspect of dietary health, fat density of energy intake in China. The sample of 2612 individuals between the ages of 20 and 45 is derived from the China Health and Nutrition Survey. The following insights emerge: (i) Fat density increases with income, but worryingly the income effect is more pronounced at the upper conditional tail of fat intake (ii) While it is confirmed that an urban location...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Diets; Nutrition; China; Quantile Regression; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51538

Receiving incorrect information is costly: Diffusion and accuracy of market information among farmers in northern Ghana
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Zanello,   Giacomo; Shankar,   Bhavani; Srinivasan,   Chittur S.
The recent adoption of Information Communication Technologies (ICTs, namely mobile phones and radios) in rural areas of Sub- Saharan Africa has brought new evidence that an updated and reliable flow of information can have direct benefits for farmers' welfare. However, if correct market information can benefit the users, incorrect information can be costly. In this study we explore the diffusion (quantity) and the accuracy (quality) of price information among farmers in northern Ghana, with a focus on the role of ICTs.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Market behaviour; Transaction costs; Information technologies; Consumer/Household Economics; International Development; Marketing; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; D82; D83; D84; O12; O55.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123967

STOCHASTIC TECHNOLOGY, RISK PREFERENCES, AND THE USE OF POLLUTING INPUTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Shankar,   Bhavani; Nelson,   Carl H.; Braden,   John B.
We investigate the comparative static effects of environmental and agricultural policies on pesticide and fertilizer use.  Since such effects depend on technology and risk preference parameters, we estimate these from a panel data set of Illinois farms.  Generalized method of moments is used on a set of nonlinear first order conditions.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21011

An Assessment of the Potential Consumption Impacts of WHO Dietary Norms in OECD Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Srinivasan,   Chittur S.; Shankar,   Bhavani; Irz,   Xavier T.
The member countries of the World Health Organization (WHO) have recently endorsed its Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health. The strategy emphasizes the need to limit the consumption of saturated fats and trans fatty acids, salt and sugars, and to increase consumption of fruits and vegetables in order to combat the growing burden of non communicable diseases. Adherence to the norms recommended by the WHO would call for major changes in the consumption, production and trade of several key food products and several sectors of the food industry have expectedly raised serious concerns about the potential impact of these norms on their future growth prospects. This paper attempts a broad quantitative assessment of the consumption impacts of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24564

An Empirical Analysis of the Effects of Plant Variety Protection Legislation on Innovation and Transferability
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Srinivasan,   Chittur S.; Shankar,   Bhavani; Holloway,   Garth J.
Under the TRIPs Agreement, all member-countries of the World Trade Organization are required to provide an "effective" system of plant variety protection within a specific time frame. In many developing countries this has led to a divisive debate about the fundamental desirability of extending intellectual property rights to agriculture. But empirical studies on the economic impacts of PVP, especially its ability to generate large private sector investments in plant breeding and facilitate the transfer of technology, have been very limited. This paper examines two aspects of the international experience of PVP legislation thus far (i) The relationship between legislation, R&amp;D expenditures and PVP grants, i.e., the innovation effect, and (ii) The role...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Plant variety protection; Biotechnology; Technology transfer; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24788

SOME ASPECTS OF THE INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE OF PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Srinivasan,   Chittur S.; Shankar,   Bhavani.
Under the TRIPs Agreement , all member-countries of the World Trade Organization (WTO) are required to provide an "effective" system of plant variety protection (PVP) within a specific time frame. In many developing countries this has led to a divisive debate about the fundamental desirability of extending intellectual property rights (IPRs) to agriculture. But empirical studies on the economic impacts of PVP, especially its ability to generate large private sector investments in plant breeding and facilitate the transfer of technology, have been very limited. This paper examines two aspects of the international experience of PVP legislation thus far (i) The relationship between R&amp;D expenditures and PVP grants and (ii) The role of PVP in facilitating...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20437

Ozone Externalities on Crop Production: Insights from UK Farm Level Data
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Neeliah,   Harris; Shankar,   Bhavani.
Tropospheric ozone is an air pollutant thought to reduce crop yields across Europe. Much experimental scientific work has been completed or is currently underway to quantify yield effects at ambient ozone levels. In this research, we seek to directly evaluate whether such effects are observed at the farm level. We use both primal (production function) as well as dual (profit function) methods, with ozone as a fixed input, to explore the extent to which output and profits are affected by ozone in the UK. A panel dataset on UK farms is intersected with spatial data on ozone, and panel data production and profit function estimation methods are used. The production function does predict a statistically significant negative effect of ozone on wheat yields at...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Ozone; Wheat; Crop production; Production function; Profit function; Crop Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q4; P2.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24659

FINANCIAL EXPOSURE, TECHNICAL CHANGE AND FARM EFFICIENCY: EVIDENCE FROM THE ENGLAND AND WALES DAIRY SECTOR
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hadley,   David; Shankar,   Bhavani; Thirtle,   Colin G.; Coelli,   Tim J.
This paper fits a translog stochastic production frontier with inefficiency effects to a panel of 693 UK dairy farms for the period from 1982 to 1997. The Cobb Douglas is rejected as inadequate relative to the less restrictive translog functional form and the frontier model is statistically superior to the mean response function, despite the fact that on average the farms were 87% efficient. Technological progress, at 1.7% per annum, is the dominant force, but efficiency declined at 0.8% per year, which reduced productivity growth to 0.9% per annum. The inefficiencies are explained in the second stage of the model, where the greatest cause is financial exposure, captured here by the ratio of debts to assets. Older farmers, those in less favoured areas and...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20656

Smallholder Adoption of Soil and Water Conservation Practices in Northern Ghana
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nkegbe,   Paul K.; Shankar,   Bhavani; Ceddia,   M. Graziano.
Both governmental and non-governmental organizations are engaged in the promotion of soil and water conservation practices in northern Ghana, but adoption is believed to be low. This study thus examines the determinants of conservation practices by farming households in the area. Data for the study was collected from 445 households located in 15 communities in northern Ghana. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate probit models were used to analyse the decision to adopt six conservation practices in the area. Results show the major determinants of adoption are plot and cropping characteristics such as location; and socio-economic and institutional variables such as number of contacts with extension officers, membership in farmer association and distance to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Conservation practice; Multivariate; Selectivity bias; Ghana; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114608

EVALUATION WITH INADEQUATE DATA: THE IMPACT OF THE FRENCH VENDING MACHINE BAN
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Capacci,   Sara; Mazzocchi,   Mario; Shankar,   Bhavani.
We estimate the effects of the 2005 ban on vending machines in French schools using the 1998 and 2006 INCA nutrition surveys. These surveys contain no information on the presence of vending machines in schools attended by respondents, but the adoption of a Difference-in-Difference design, and a Regression Discontinuity Design enable us to obtain indirect estimates of the policy impact. Results are consistent and suggest that the measure has had a small but significant impact on teenager nutrition, especially in terms of reduced fat intakes.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; I18.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123198

New Product Development in Thai Agro-Industry: Explaining the Rates of Innovation and Success in Innovation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dhamvithee,   Pisit; Shankar,   Bhavani; Jangchud,   Anuvat; Wuttijumnong,   Phaisarn.
The Thai food industry is amongst the most dynamic and diverse in the world. Continual innovation in the form of new product development is critical to this industry, and yet new products are more likely to fail than succeed. In this paper,we investigate factors explaining both the rate of new product development as well as the rate of success in products newly introduced into the market, using data from a survey of firms. The methodology involves a Poisson regression to investigate the determinants of innovation and a Least Squares regression to explain success rates in innovation.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: New product development; Thailand; Food industry; Innovation.; Agribusiness.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/8137