Consulta: creatorFacets:"Von Schuckmann, Karina"
Registros recuperados: 22
Data/hora: 12/06/2024 14:04:51

Consistency of the current global ocean observing systems from an Argo perspective
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Von Schuckmann, Karina; Sallee, Jean-baptiste; Chambers, D.; Le Traon, Pierre-yves; Cabanes, Cecile; Gaillard, Fabienne; Speich, Sabrina; Hamon, Mathieu.
Variations in the world's ocean heat storage and its associated volume changes are a key factor to gauge global warming and to assess the earth's energy and sea level budget. Estimating global ocean heat content (GOHC) and global steric sea level (GSSL) with temperature/salinity data from the Argo network reveals a positive change of 0.5 +/- 0.1 W m(-2) (applied to the surface area of the ocean) and 0.5 +/- 0.1 mm year(-1) during the years 2005 to 2012, averaged between 60 degrees S and 60 degrees N and the 10-1500m depth layer. In this study, we present an intercomparison of three global ocean observing systems: the Argo network, satellite gravimetry from GRACE and satellite altimetry. Their consistency is investigated from an Argo perspective at global...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00202/31365/29753.pdf

Review and assessment of latent and sensible heat flux accuracy over the global oceans
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bentamy, Abderrahim; Piolle, Jean-francois; Grouazel, Antoine; Danielson, R.; Gulev, S.; Paul, Frederic; Azelmat, Hamza; Mathieu, P. P.; Von Schuckmann, Karina; Sathyendranath, S.; Evers-king, H.; Esau, I.; Johannessen, J. A.; Clayson, C. A.; Pinker, R. T.; Grodsky, S. A.; Bourassa, M.; Smith, S. R.; Haines, K.; Valdivieso, M.; Merchant, C. J.; Chapron, Bertrand; Anderson, A.; Hollmann, R.; Josey, S. A.
For over a decade, several research groups have been developing air-sea heat flux information over the global ocean, including latent (LHF) and sensible (SHF) heat fluxes over the global ocean. This paper aims to provide new insight into the quality and error characteristics of turbulent heat flux estimates at various spatial and temporal scales (from daily upwards). The study is performed within the European Space Agency (ESA) Ocean Heat Flux (OHF) project. One of the main objectives of the OHF project is to meet the recommendations and requirements expressed by various international programs such as the World Research Climate Program (WCRP) and Climate and Ocean Variability, Predictability, and Change (CLIVAR), recognizing the need for better...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ocean Heat Flux; Latent heat flux; Sensible heat flux; Ocean heat content; Scatterometer; Surface wind; Specfic air humidity; OceanSites; Remotely sensed data.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00403/51403/53729.pdf

How well can we derive Global Ocean Indicators from Argo data?
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Von Schuckmann, Karina; Le Traon, Pierre-yves.
Argo deployments began in the year 2000 and by November 2007, the array reached its initial goal of 3000 floats operating worldwide. In this study, Argo temperature and salinity measurements during the period 2005 to 2010 are used to estimate Global Ocean Indicators (GOIs) such as global ocean heat content (GOHC), global ocean freshwater content (GOFC) and global steric sea level (GSSL). We developed a method based on a simple box averaging scheme using a weighted mean. Uncertainties due to data processing methods and choice of climatology are estimated. This method is easy to implement and run and can be used to set up a routine monitoring of the global ocean. Over the six year time period, trends of GOHC and GSSL are 0.54 +/- 0.1W m(-2) and 0.75 +/-...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00072/18332/15899.pdf

The CORA dataset: validation and diagnostics of in-situ ocean temperature and salinity measurements
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Cabanes, Cecile; Grouazel, Antoine; Von Schuckmann, Karina; Hamon, Michel; Turpin, Victor; Coatanoan, Christine; Paris, Francois; Guinehut, Stephanie; Boone, C.; Ferry, N.; De Boyer Montegut, Clement; Carval, Thierry; Reverdin, Gilles; Pouliquen, Sylvie; Le Traon, Pierre-yves.
The French program Coriolis, as part of the French operational oceanographic system, produces the COriolis dataset for Re-Analysis (CORA) on a yearly basis. This dataset contains in-situ temperature and salinity profiles from different data types. The latest release CORA3 covers the period 1990 to 2010. Several tests have been developed to ensure a homogeneous quality control of the dataset and to meet the requirements of the physical ocean reanalysis activities (assimilation and validation). Improved tests include some simple tests based on comparison with climatology and a model background check based on a global ocean reanalysis. Visual quality control is performed on all suspicious temperature and salinity profiles identified by the tests, and quality...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00117/22799/20606.pdf

Copernicus Marine Service Ocean State Report, Issue 4
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Von Schuckmann, Karina; Le Traon, Pierre-yves; Smith, Neville; Pascual, Ananda; Djavidnia, Samuel; Gattuso, Jean-pierre; Grégoire, Marilaure; Nolan, Glenn; Aaboe, Signe; Fanjul, Enrique Álvarez; Aouf, Lotfi; Aznar, Roland; Badewien, T. H.; Behrens, Arno; Berta, Maristella; Bertino, Laurent; Blackford, Jeremy; Bolzon, Giorgio; Borile, Federica; Bretagnon, Marine; Brewin, Robert J.w.; Canu, Donata; Cessi, Paola; Ciavatta, Stefano; Chapron, Bertrand; Trang Chau, Thi Tuyet; Chevallier, Frédéric; Chtirkova, Boriana; Ciliberti, Stefania; Clark, James R.; Clementi, Emanuela; Combot, Clement; Comerma, Eric; Conchon, Anna; Coppini, Giovanni; Corgnati, Lorenzo; Cossarini, Gianpiero; Cravatte, Sophie; De Alfonso, Marta; De Boyer Montégut, Clement; De Lera Fernández, Christian; De Los Santos, Francisco Javier; Denvil-sommer, Anna; De Pascual Collar, Álvaro; Dias Nunes, Paulo Alonso Lourenco; Di Biagio, Valeria; Drudi, Massimiliano; Embury, Owen; Falco, Pierpaolo; D’andon, Odile Fanton; Ferrer, Luis; Ford, David; Freund, H.; León, Manuel Garcia; Sotillo, Marcos García; García-valdecasas, José María; Garnesson, Philippe; Garric, Gilles; Gasparin, Florent; Gehlen, Marion; Genua-olmedo, Ana; Geyer, Gerhard; Ghermandi, Andrea; Good, Simon A.; Gourrion, Jerome; Greiner, Eric; Griffa, Annalisa; González, Marcelo; Griffa, Annalisa; Hernández-carrasco, Ismael; Isoard, Stéphane; Kennedy, John J.; Kay, Susan; Korosov, Anton; Laanemäe, Kaari; Land, Peter E.; Lavergne, Thomas; Lazzari, Paolo; Legeais, Jean Francois; Lemieux, Benedicte; Levier, Bruno; Llovel, William; Lyubartsev, Vladyslav; Lien, Vidar S.; Lima, Leonardo; Lorente, Pablo; Mader, Julien; Magaldi, Marcello G.; Maljutenko, Ilja; Mangin, Antoine; Mantovani, Carlo; Marinova, Veselka; Masina, Simona; Mauri, Elena; Meyerjürgens, J.; Mignot, Alexandre; Mcewan, Robert; Mejia, Carlos; Melet, Angélique; Menna, Milena; Meyssignac, Benoît; Mouche, Alexis; Mourre, Baptiste; Müller, Malte; Notarstefano, Giulio; Orfila, Alejandro; Pardo, Silvia; Peneva, Elisaveta; Pérez-gómez, Begoña; Perruche, Coralie; Peterlin, Monika; Poulain, Pierre-marie; Pinardi, Nadia; Quilfen, Yves; Raudsepp, Urmas; Renshaw, Richard; Révelard, Adèle; Reyes-reyes, Emma; Ricker, M.; Rodríguez-rubio, Pablo; Rotllán, Paz; Gelabert, Eva Royo; Rubio, Anna; Ruiz-parrado, Inmaculada; Sathyendranath, Shubha; She, Jun; Solidoro, Cosimo; Stanev, Emil V.; Staneva, Joanna; Storto, Andrea; Su, Jian; Bakhsh, Tayebeh Tajalli; Tilstone, Gavin H.; Tintoré, Joaquín; Toledano, Cristina; Tournadre, Jean; Tranchant, Benoit; Uiboupin, Rivo; Valcarcel, Arnaud; Valcheva, Nadezhda; Verbrugge, Nathalie; Vrac, Mathieu; Wolff, J.-o.; Zambianchi, Enrico; Zielinski, O.; Zinck, Ann-sofie; Zunino, Serena.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00653/76554/77672.pdf

Measuring Global Ocean Heat Content to Estimate the Earth Energy Imbalance
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Meyssignac, Benoit; Boyer, Tim; Zhao, Zhongxiang; Hakuba, Maria Z.; Landerer, Felix W.; Stammer, Detlef; Koehl, Armin; Kato, Seiji; L'Ecuyer, Tristan; Ablain, Michael; Abraham, John Patrick; Blazquez, Alejandro; Cazenave, Anny; Church, John A.; Cowley, Rebecca; Cheng, Lijing; Domingues, Catia M.; Giglio, Donata; Gouretski, Viktor; Ishii, Masayoshi; Johnson, Gregory C.; Killick, Rachel E.; Legler, David; Llovel, William; Lyman, John; Palmer, Matthew Dudley; Piotrowicz, Steve; Purkey, Sarah G.; Roemmich, Dean; Roca, Rmy; Savita, Abhishek; Von Schuckmann, Karina; Speich, Sabrina; Stephens, Graeme; Wang, Gongjie; Wijffels, Susan Elisabeth; Zilberman, Nathalie.
The energy radiated by the Earth toward space does not compensate the incoming radiation from the Sun leading to a small positive energy imbalance at the top of the atmosphere (0.4-1 Wm(-2)). This imbalance is coined Earth's Energy Imbalance (EEI). It is mostly caused by anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and is driving the current warming of the planet. Precise monitoring of EEI is critical to assess the current status of climate change and the future evolution of climate. But the monitoring of EEI is challenging as EEI is two orders of magnitude smaller than the radiation fluxes in and out of the Earth system. Over 93% of the excess energy that is gained by the Earth in response to the positive EEI accumulates into the ocean in the form of heat. This...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ocean heat content; Sea level; Ocean mass; Ocean surface fluxes; ARGO; Altimetry; GRACE; Earth Energy Imbalance.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00675/78723/80997.pdf

Altimetry for the future: Building on 25 years of progress
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Abdalla, Saleh; Abdeh Kolahchi, Abdolnabi; Adusumilli, Susheel; Aich Bhowmick, Suchandra; Alou-font, Eva; Amarouche, Laiba; Andersen, Ole Baltazar; Antich, Helena; Aouf, Lotfi; Arbic, Brian; Armitage, Thomas; Arnault, Sabine; Artana, Camila; Aulicino, Giuseppe; Ayoub, Nadia; Badulin, Sergei; Baker, Steven; Banks, Chris; Bao, Lifeng; Barbetta, Silvia; Barceló-llull, Bàrbara; Barlier, François; Basu, Sujit; Bauer-gottwein, Peter; Becker, Matthias; Beckley, Brian; Bellefond, Nicole; Belonenko, Tatyana; Benkiran, Mounir; Benkouider, Touati; Bennartz, Ralf; Benveniste, Jérôme; Bercher, Nicolas; Berge-nguyen, Muriel; Bettencourt, Joao; Blarel, Fabien; Blazquez, Alejandro; Blumstein, Denis; Bonnefond, Pascal; Borde, Franck; Bouffard, Jérôme; Boy, François; Boy, Jean-paul; Brachet, Cédric; Brasseur, Pierre; Braun, Alexander; Brocca, Luca; Brockley, David; Brodeau, Laurent; Brown, Shannon; Bruinsma, Sean; Bulczak, Anna; Buzzard, Sammie; Cahill, Madeleine; Calmant, Stéphane; Calzas, Michel; Camici, Stefania; Cancet, Mathilde; Capdeville, Hugues; Carabajal, Claudia Cristina; Carrere, Loren; Cazenave, Anny; Chassignet, Eric P.; Chauhan, Prakash; Cherchali, Selma; Chereskin, Teresa; Cheymol, Cecile; Ciani, Daniele; Cipollini, Paolo; Cirillo, Francesca; Cosme, Emmanuel; Coss, Steve; Cotroneo, Yuri; Cotton, David; Couhert, Alexandre; Coutin-faye, Sophie; Crétaux, Jean-françois; Cyr, Frederic; D’ovidio, Francesco; Darrozes, José; David, Cedric; Dayoub, Nadim; De Staerke, Danielle; Deng, Xiaoli; Desai, Shailen; Desjonqueres, Jean-damien; Dettmering, Denise; Di Bella, Alessandro; Díaz-barroso, Lara; Dibarboure, Gerald; Dieng, Habib Boubacar; Dinardo, Salvatore; Dobslaw, Henryk; Dodet, Guillaume; Doglioli, Andrea; Domeneghetti, Alessio; Donahue, David; Dong, Shenfu; Donlon, Craig; Dorandeu, Joël; Drezen, Christine; Drinkwater, Mark; Du Penhoat, Yves; Dushaw, Brian; Egido, Alejandro; Erofeeva, Svetlana; Escudier, Philippe; Esselborn, Saskia; Exertier, Pierre; Fablet, Ronan; Falco, Cédric; Farrell, Sinead Louise; Faugere, Yannice; Femenias, Pierre; Fenoglio, Luciana; Fernandes, Joana; Fernández, Juan Gabriel; Ferrage, Pascale; Ferrari, Ramiro; Fichen, Lionel; Filippucci, Paolo; Flampouris, Stylianos; Fleury, Sara; Fornari, Marco; Forsberg, Rene; Frappart, Frédéric; Frery, Marie-laure; Garcia, Pablo; Garcia-mondejar, Albert; Gaudelli, Julia; Gaultier, Lucile; Getirana, Augusto; Gibert, Ferran; Gil, Artur; Gilbert, Lin; Gille, Sarah; Giulicchi, Luisella; Gómez-enri, Jesús; Gómez-navarro, Laura; Gommenginger, Christine; Gourdeau, Lionel; Griffin, David; Groh, Andreas; Guerin, Alexandre; Guerrero, Raul; Guinle, Thierry; Gupta, Praveen; Gutknecht, Benjamin D.; Hamon, Mathieu; Han, Guoqi; Hauser, Danièle; Helm, Veit; Hendricks, Stefan; Hernandez, Fabrice; Hogg, Anna; Horwath, Martin; Idžanović, Martina; Janssen, Peter; Jeansou, Eric; Jia, Yongjun; Jia, Yuanyuan; Jiang, Liguang; Johannessen, Johnny A.; Kamachi, Masafumi; Karimova, Svetlana; Kelly, Kathryn; Kim, Sung Yong; King, Robert; Kittel, Cecile M.m.; Klein, Patrice; Klos, Anna; Knudsen, Per; Koenig, Rolf; Kostianoy, Andrey; Kouraev, Alexei; Kumar, Raj; Labroue, Sylvie; Lago, Loreley Selene; Lambin, Juliette; Lasson, Léa; Laurain, Olivier; Laxenaire, Rémi; Lázaro, Clara; Le Gac, Sophie; Le Sommer, Julien; Le Traon, Pierre-yves; Lebedev, Sergey; Léger, Fabien; Legresy, Benoı̂t; Lemoine, Frank; Lenain, Luc; Leuliette, Eric; Levy, Marina; Lillibridge, John; Liu, Jianqiang; Llovel, William; Lyard, Florent; Macintosh, Claire; Makhoul Varona, Eduard; Manfredi, Cécile; Marin, Frédéric; Mason, Evan; Massari, Christian; Mavrocordatos, Constantin; Maximenko, Nikolai; Mcmillan, Malcolm; Medina, Thierry; Melet, Angelique; Meloni, Marco; Mertikas, Stelios; Metref, Sammy; Meyssignac, Benoit; Michaël, Ablain; Minster, Jean-françois; Moreau, Thomas; Moreira, Daniel; Morel, Yves; Morrow, Rosemary; Moyard, John; Mulet, Sandrine; Naeije, Marc; Nerem, Robert Steven; Ngodock, Hans; Nielsen, Karina; Nilsen, Jan Even Øie; Niño, Fernando; Nogueira Loddo, Carolina; Noûs, Camille; Obligis, Estelle; Otosaka, Inès; Otten, Michiel; Oztunali Ozbahceci, Berguzar; P. Raj, Roshin; Paiva, Rodrigo; Paniagua, Guillermina; Paolo, Fernando; Paris, Adrien; Pascual, Ananda; Passaro, Marcello; Paul, Stephan; Pavelsky, Tamlin; Pearson, Christopher; Penduff, Thierry; Peng, Fukai; Perosanz, Felix; Picot, Nicolas; Piras, Fanny; Poggiali, Valerio; Poirier, Étienne; Ponce De León, Sonia; Prants, Sergey; Prigent, Catherine; Provost, Christine; Pujol, M-isabelle; Qiu, Bo; Quilfen, Yves; Rami, Ali; Raney, R. Keith; Raynal, Matthias; Remy, Elisabeth; Rémy, Frédérique; Restano, Marco; Richardson, Annie; Richardson, Donald; Ricker, Robert; Ricko, Martina; Rinne, Eero; Rose, Stine Kildegaard; Rosmorduc, Vinca; Rudenko, Sergei; Ruiz, Simón; Ryan, Barbara J.; Salaün, Corinne; Sanchez-roman, Antonio; Sandberg Sørensen, Louise; Sandwell, David; Saraceno, Martin; Scagliola, Michele; Schaeffer, Philippe; Scharffenberg, Martin G.; Scharroo, Remko; Schiller, Andreas; Schneider, Raphael; Schwatke, Christian; Scozzari, Andrea; Ser-giacomi, Enrico; Seyler, Frederique; Shah, Rashmi; Sharma, Rashmi; Shaw, Andrew; Shepherd, Andrew; Shriver, Jay; Shum, C.k.; Simons, Wim; Simonsen, Sebatian B.; Slater, Thomas; Smith, Walter; Soares, Saulo; Sokolovskiy, Mikhail; Soudarin, Laurent; Spatar, Ciprian; Speich, Sabrina; Srinivasan, Margaret; Srokosz, Meric; Stanev, Emil; Staneva, Joanna; Steunou, Nathalie; Stroeve, Julienne; Su, Bob; Sulistioadi, Yohanes Budi; Swain, Debadatta; Sylvestre-baron, Annick; Taburet, Nicolas; Tailleux, Rémi; Takayama, Katsumi; Tapley, Byron; Tarpanelli, Angelica; Tavernier, Gilles; Testut, Laurent; Thakur, Praveen K.; Thibaut, Pierre; Thompson, Luanne; Tintoré, Joaquín; Tison, Céline; Tourain, Cédric; Tournadre, Jean; Townsend, Bill; Tran, Ngan; Trilles, Sébastien; Tsamados, Michel; Tseng, Kuo-hsin; Ubelmann, Clément; Uebbing, Bernd; Vergara, Oscar; Verron, Jacques; Vieira, Telmo; Vignudelli, Stefano; Vinogradova Shiffer, Nadya; Visser, Pieter; Vivier, Frederic; Volkov, Denis; Von Schuckmann, Karina; Vuglinskii, Valerii; Vuilleumier, Pierrik; Walter, Blake; Wang, Jida; Wang, Chao; Watson, Christopher; Wilkin, John; Willis, Josh; Wilson, Hilary; Woodworth, Philip; Yang, Kehan; Yao, Fangfang; Zaharia, Raymond; Zakharova, Elena; Zaron, Edward D.; Zhang, Yongsheng; Zhao, Zhongxiang; Zinchenko, Vadim; Zlotnicki, Victor.
In 2018 we celebrated 25 years of development of radar altimetry, and the progress achieved by this methodology in the fields of global and coastal oceanography, hydrology, geodesy and cryospheric sciences. Many symbolic major events have celebrated these developments, e.g., in Venice, Italy, the 15th (2006) and 20th (2012) years of progress and more recently, in 2018, in Ponta Delgada, Portugal, 25 Years of Progress in Radar Altimetry. On this latter occasion it was decided to collect contributions of scientists, engineers and managers involved in the worldwide altimetry community to depict the state of altimetry and propose recommendations for the altimetry of the future. This paper summarizes contributions and recommendations that were collected and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Satellite altimetry; Oceanography; Sea level; Coastal oceanography; Cryospheric sciences; Hydrology.
Ano: 2021
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00688/79999/82978.pdf

Coriolis Ocean database for Re-Analyses, a new comprehensive and qualified ocean in-situ dataset from 1990 to 2008
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Cabanes, Cecile; De Boyer Montegut, Clement; Von Schuckmann, Karina; Coatanoan, Christine; Pertuisot, Cecile; Petit De La Villeon, Loic; Carval, Thierry; Pouliquen, Sylvie; Le Traon, Pierre-yves.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00028/13889/11044.pdf

In-situ based reanalysis of the global ocean temperature and salinity with ISAS: variability of the heat content and steric height
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gaillard, Fabienne; Reynaud, Thierry; Thierry, Virginie; Kolodziejczyk, Nicolas; Von Schuckmann, Karina.
The In Situ Analysis System (ISAS) was developed to produce gridded fields of temperature and salinity that preserve as much as possible the time and space sampling capabilities of the Argo network of profiling floats. Since the first global re-analysis performed in 2009, the system has evolved and a careful delayed mode processing of the 2002-2012 dataset has been carried out using version 6 of ISAS and updating the statistics to produce the ISAS13 analysis. This last version is now implemented as the operational analysis tool at the Coriolis data centre. The robustness of the results with respect to the system evolution is explored through global quantities of climatological interest: the Ocean Heat Content and the Steric Height. Estimates of errors...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Databases Physical Meteorology and Climatology Observational techniques and algorithms Temperature In situ oceanic observations Profilers; Oceanic Data quality control Salinity.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00309/42030/41329.pdf

The Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service Ocean State Report
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Von Schuckmann, Karina; Le Traon, Pierre-yves; Alvarez-fanjul, Enrique; Axell, Lars; Balmaseda, Magdalena; Breivik, Lars-anders; Brewin, Robert J. W.; Bricaud, Clement; Drevillon, Marie; Drillet, Yann; Dubois, Clotilde; Embury, Owen; Etienne, Helene; Garcia Sotillo, Marcos; Garric, Gilles; Gasparin, Florent; Gutknecht, Elodie; Guinehut, Stephanie; Hernandez, Fabrice; Juza, Melanie; Karlson, Bengt; Korres, Gerasimos; Legeais, Jean Francois; Levier, Bruno; Lien, Vidar S.; Morrow, Rosemary; Notarstefano, Giulio; Parent, Laurent; Pascual, Alvaro; Perez-gomez, Begona; Perruche, Coralie; Pinardi, Nadia; Pisano, Andrea; Poulain, Pierre-marie; Pujol, Isabelle M.; Raj, Roshin P.; Raudsepp, Urmas; Roquet, Herve; Samuelsen, Annette; Sathyendranath, Shubha; She, Jun; Simoncelli, Simona; Solidoro, Cosimo; Tinker, Jonathan; Tintore, Joaquin; Viktorsson, Lena; Ablain, Michael; Almroth-rosell, Elin; Bonaduce, Antonio; Clementi, Emanuela; Cossarini, Gianpiero; Dagneaux, Quentin; Desportes, Charles; Dye, Stephen; Fratianni, Claudia; Good, Simon; Greiner, Eric; Gourrion, Jerome; Hamon, Mathieu; Holt, Jason; Hyder, Pat; Kennedy, John; Manzano-munoz, Fernando; Melet, Angelique; Meyssignac, Benoit; Mulet, Sandrine; Nardelli, Bruno Buongiorno; O'Dea, Enda; Olason, Einar; Paulmier, Aurelien; Perez-gonzalez, Irene; Reid, Rebecca; Racault, Marie-fanny; Raitsos, Dionysios E.; Ramos, Antonio; Sykes, Peter; Szekely, Tanguy; Verbrugge, Nathalie.
The Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) Ocean State Report (OSR) provides an annual report of the state of the global ocean and European regional seas for policy and decision-makers with the additional aim of increasing general public awareness about the status of, and changes in, the marine environment. The CMEMS OSR draws on expert analysis and provides a 3-D view (through reanalysis systems), a view from above (through remote-sensing data) and a direct view of the interior (through in situ measurements) of the global ocean and the European regional seas. The report is based on the unique CMEMS monitoring capabilities of the blue (hydrography, currents), white (sea ice) and green (e.g. Chlorophyll) marine environment. This first...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service; Ocean reporting; Ocean monitoring; State of the ocean; Ocean variability; Operational oceanography; Ocean climate variability.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00383/49471/49959.pdf

Real Time Quality Control of temperature and salinity measurements within MyOcean and Copernicus in situ TAC
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Von Schuckmann, Karina; Garau, Bartolomé; Wehde, Henning; Gies, Tobias; Durand, Dominique; Reseghetti, Franco.
An important step within the MyOcean project is to uniform existing Real Time Quality Control (RTQC) and quality assurance procedures of the different nations involved. As the MyOcean service is thought to be available at any time and open to anyone, an agreement in good Real Time Quality Control (RTQC) methods and procedures is vital to guarantee high data quality distributed to users via international exchange. The agreement on the implementation of uniform RTQC procedures have the severe potential to overcome the inconsistency within the existing datasets provided actually by the international community. This document is based upon previous experiences and has the following objectives:  - “To ensure the data consistency within a single data set and...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2010
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00631/74317/73957.pdf

Heat stored in the Earth system: where does the energy go?
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Von Schuckmann, Karina; Cheng, Lijing; Palmer, Matthew D.; Hansen, James; Tassone, Caterina; Aich, Valentin; Adusumilli, Susheel; Beltrami, Hugo; Boyer, Tim; Cuesta-valero, Francisco José; Desbruyères, Damien; Domingues, Catia; García-garcía, Almudena; Gentine, Pierre; Gilson, John; Gorfer, Maximilian; Haimberger, Leopold; Ishii, Masayoshi; Johnson, Gregory C.; Killick, Rachel; King, Brian A.; Kirchengast, Gottfried; Kolodziejczyk, Nicolas; Lyman, John; Marzeion, Ben; Mayer, Michael; Monier, Maeva; Monselesan, Didier Paolo; Purkey, Sarah; Roemmich, Dean; Schweiger, Axel; Seneviratne, Sonia I.; Shepherd, Andrew; Slater, Donald A.; Steiner, Andrea K.; Straneo, Fiammetta; Timmermans, Mary-louise; Wijffels, Susan E.
Human-induced atmospheric composition changes cause a radiative imbalance at the top of the atmosphere which is driving global warming. This Earth energy imbalance (EEI) is the most critical number defining the prospects for continued global warming and climate change. Understanding the heat gain of the Earth system – and particularly how much and where the heat is distributed – is fundamental to understanding how this affects warming ocean, atmosphere and land; rising surface temperature; sea level; and loss of grounded and floating ice, which are fundamental concerns for society. This study is a Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) concerted international effort to update the Earth heat inventory and presents an updated assessment of ocean warming...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00648/76036/76956.pdf

Global hydrographic variability patterns during 2003-2008
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Von Schuckmann, Karina; Gaillard, Fabienne; Le Traon, Pierre-yves.
Monthly gridded global temperature and salinity fields from the near-surface layer down to 2000 m depth based on Argo measurements are used to analyze large-scale variability patterns on annual to interannual time scales during the years 2003-2008. Previous estimates of global hydrographic fluctuations have been derived using different data sets, partly on the basis of scarce sampling. The substantial advantage of this study includes a detailed summary of global variability patterns based on a single and more uniform database. In the upper 400 m, regions of strong seasonal salinity changes differ from regions of strong seasonal temperature changes, and large amplitudes of seasonal salinity are observed in the upper tropical and subpolar global ocean....
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2009
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2009/publication-6802.pdf

Assessing "Dangerous Climate Change": Required Reduction of Carbon Emissions to Protect Young People, Future Generations and Nature
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Hansen, James; Kharecha, Pushker; Sato, Makiko; Masson-delmotte, Valerie; Ackerman, Frank; Beerling, David J.; Hearty, Paul J.; Hoegh-guldberg, Ove; Hsu, S; Parmesan, Camille; Rockstrom, Johan; Rohling, Eelco J.; Sachs, Jeffrey; Smith, Pete; Steffen, Konrad; Van Susteren, Lise; Von Schuckmann, Karina; Zachos, James C.
We assess climate impacts of global warming using ongoing observations and paleoclimate data. We use Earth's measured energy imbalance, paleoclimate data, and simple representations of the global carbon cycle and temperature to define emission reductions needed to stabilize climate and avoid potentially disastrous impacts on today's young people, future generations, and nature. A cumulative industrial-era limit of similar to 500 GtC fossil fuel emissions and 100 GtC storage in the biosphere and soil would keep climate close to the Holocene range to which humanity and other species are adapted. Cumulative emissions of similar to 1000 GtC, sometimes associated with 2 degrees C global warming, would spur "slow" feedbacks and eventual warming of 3-4 degrees C...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2013
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00170/28092/26670.pdf

Coriolis Ocean database for Re-Analyses
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Cabanes, Cecile; De Boyer Montegut, Clement; Coatanoan, Christine; Ferry, N.; Pertuisot, Cecile; Von Schuckmann, Karina; Petit De La Villeon, Loic; Carval, Thierry; Pouliquen, Sylvie; Le Traon, Pierre-yves.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00027/13849/10996.pdf

From Observation to Information and Users: The Copernicus Marine Service Perspective
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Traon, Pierre-yves; Reppucci, Antonio; Alvarez Fanjul, Enrique; Aouf, Lotfi; Behrens, Arno; Belmonte, Maria; Bentamy, Abderrahim; Bertino, Laurent; Brando, Vittorio Ernesto; Kreiner, Matilde Brandt; Benkiran, Mounir; Carval, Thierry; Ciliberti, Stefania A.; Claustre, Hervé; Clementi, Emanuela; Coppini, Giovanni; Cossarini, Gianpiero; De Alfonso Alonso-muñoyerro, Marta; Delamarche, Anne; Dibarboure, Gerald; Dinessen, Frode; Drevillon, Marie; Drillet, Yann; Faugere, Yannice; Fernández, Vicente; Fleming, Andrew; Garcia-hermosa, M. Isabel; Sotillo, Marcos García; Garric, Gilles; Gasparin, Florent; Giordan, Cedric; Gehlen, Marion; Gregoire, Marilaure L.; Guinehut, Stephanie; Hamon, Michel; Harris, Chris; Hernandez, Fabrice; Hinkler, Jørgen B.; Hoyer, Jacob; Karvonen, Juha; Kay, Susan; King, Robert; Lavergne, Thomas; Lemieux-dudon, Benedicte; Lima, Leonardo; Mao, Chongyuan; Martin, Matthew J; Masina, Simona; Melet, Angelique; Buongiorno Nardelli, Bruno; Nolan, Glenn; Pascual, Ananda; Pistoia, Jenny; Palazov, Atanas; Piolle, Jean-francois; Pujol, Marie Isabelle; Pequignet, Anne Christine; Peneva, Elisaveta; Pérez Gómez, Begoña; Petit De La Villeon, Loic; Pinardi, Nadia; Pisano, Andrea; Pouliquen, Sylvie; Reid, Rebecca; Remy, Elisabeth; Santoleri, Rosalia; Siddorn, John; She, Jun; Staneva, Joanna; Stoffelen, Ad; Tonani, Marina; Vandenbulcke, Luc; Von Schuckmann, Karina; Volpe, Gianluca; Wettre, Cecilie; Zacharioudaki, Anna.
The Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) provides regular and systematic reference information on the physical and biogeochemical ocean and sea-ice state for the global ocean and the European regional seas. CMEMS serves a wide range of users (more than 15,000 users are now registered to the service) and applications. Observations are a fundamental pillar of the CMEMS value-added chain that goes from observation to information and users. Observations are used by CMEMS Thematic Assembly Centres (TACs) to derive high-level data products and by CMEMS Monitoring and Forecasting Centres (MFCs) to validate and constrain their global and regional ocean analysis and forecasting systems. This paper presents an overview of CMEMS, its evolution,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ocean; Observing systems; Satellite; In situ; Data assimilation; Services.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00498/60983/64389.pdf

Global sea-level budget 1993-present
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Cazenave, Anny; Meyssignac, Benoit; Ablain, Michael; Balmaseda, Magdalena; Bamber, Jonathan; Barletta, Valentina; Beckley, Brian; Benveniste, Jerome; Berthier, Etienne; Blazquez, Alejandro; Boyer, Tim; Caceres, Denise; Chambers, Don; Champollion, Nicolas; Chao, Ben; Chen, Jianli; Cheng, Lijing; Church, John A.; Chuter, Stephen; Cogley, J. Graham; Dangendorf, Soenke; Desbruyeres, Damien; Doell, Petra; Domingues, Catia; Falk, Ulrike; Famiglietti, James; Fenoglio-marc, Luciana; Forsberg, Rene; Galassi, Gaia; Gardner, Alex; Groh, Andreas; Hamlington, Benjamin; Hogg, Anna; Horwath, Martin; Humphrey, Vincent; Husson, Laurent; Ishii, Masayoshi; Jaeggi, Adrian; Jevrejeva, Svetlana; Johnson, Gregory; Kolodziejczyk, Nicolas; Kusche, Juergen; Lambeck, Kurt; Landerer, Felix; Leclercq, Paul; Legresy, Benoit; Leuliette, Eric; Llovel, William; Longuevergne, Laurent; Loomis, Bryant D.; Luthcke, Scott B.; Marcos, Marta; Marzeion, Ben; Merchant, Chris; Merrifield, Mark; Milne, Glenn; Mitchum, Gary; Mohajerani, Yara; Monier, Maeva; Monselesan, Didier; Nerem, Steve; Palanisamy, Hindumathi; Paul, Frank; Perez, Begona; Piecuch, Christopher G.; Ponte, Rui M.; Purkey, Sarah G.; Reager, John T.; Rietbroek, Roelof; Rignot, Eric; Riva, Riccardo; Roemmich, Dean H.; Sorensen, Louise Sandberg; Sasgen, Ingo; Schrama, E. J. O.; Seneviratne, Sonia I.; Shum, C. K.; Spada, Giorgio; Stammer, Detlef; Van De Wal, Roderic; Velicogna, Isabella; Von Schuckmann, Karina; Wada, Yoshihide; Wang, Yiguo; Watson, Christopher; Wiese, David; Wijffels, Susan; Westaway, Richard; Woppelmann, Guy; Wouters, Bert.
Global mean sea level is an integral of changes occurring in the climate system in response to unforced climate variability as well as natural and anthropogenic forcing factors. Its temporal evolution allows changes (e.g.,acceleration) to be detected in one or more components. Study of the sea-level budget provides constraints on missing or poorly known contributions, such as the unsurveyed deep ocean or the still uncertain land water component. In the context of the World Climate Research Programme Grand Challenge entitled "Regional Sea Level and Coastal Impacts", an international effort involving the sea-level community worldwide has been recently initiated with the objective of assessing the various datasets used to estimate components of the sea-level...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00454/56564/58270.pdf

Generation of tropical instability waves in the Atlantic Ocean - art. no. C08034
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Von Schuckmann, Karina; Brandt, P; Eden, C.
[1] The spatial and temporal distributions of tropical instability waves (TIWs) in the Atlantic Ocean are investigated using a combination of current observations with moored instruments deployed at the equator at 23 degrees W and a realistic eddy-resolving (1/12 degrees) general circulation model of the Atlantic Ocean. The meridional and vertical shears of the zonal current system contribute to the eddy production rates and thus to the generation of TIWs in the central tropical Atlantic Ocean. In the Southern Hemisphere, TIWs are forced only by baroclinic instability associated with the vertical shear of the central part of the South Equatorial Current (SEC). In the Northern Hemisphere, baroclinic instability due to the vertical shear of the northern SEC...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Barotropic and baroclinic instability; Tropical Atlantic; Tropical instability waves.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-4554.pdf

Copernicus Marine Service Ocean State Report
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Von Schuckmann, Karina; Le Traon, Pierre-yves; Smith, Neville; Pascual, Ananda; Brasseur, Pierre; Fennel, Katja; Djavidnia, Samy; Aaboe, Signe; Alvarez Fanjul, Enrique; Autret, Emmanuelle; Axell, Lars; Aznar, Roland; Benincasa, Mario; Bentamy, Abderrahim; Boberg, Fredrik; Bourdalle-badie, Romain; Nardelli, Bruno Buongiorno; Brando, Vittorio E.; Bricaud, Clement; Breivik, Lars-anders; Brewin, Robert J. W.; Capet, Arthur; Ceschin, Adrien; Ciliberti, Stefania; Cossarini, Gianpiero; De Alfonso, Marta; De Pascual Collar, Alvaro; De Kloe, Jos; Deshayes, Julie; Desportes, Charles; Drevillon, Marie; Drillet, Yann; Droghei, Riccardo; Dubois, Clotilde; Embury, Owen; Etienne, Helene; Fratianni, Claudia; Garcia Lafuente, Jesus; Garcia Sotillo, Marcos; Garric, Gilles; Gasparin, Florent; Gerin, Riccardo; Good, Simon; Gourrion, Jerome; Gregoire, Marilaure; Greiner, Eric; Guinehut, Stephanie; Gutknecht, Elodie; Hernandez, Fabrice; Hernandez, Olga; Hoyer, Jacob; Jackson, Laura; Jandt, Simon; Josey, Simon; Juza, Melanie; Kennedy, John; Kokkini, Zoi; Korres, Gerasimos; Kouts, Mariliis; Lagemaa, Priidik; Lavergne, Thomas; Le Cann, Bernard; Legeais, Jean-francois; Lemieux-dudon, Benedicte; Levier, Bruno; Lien, Vidar; Maljutenko, Ilja; Manzano, Fernando; Marcos, Marta; Marinova, Veselka; Masina, Simona; Mauri, Elena; Mayer, Michael; Melet, Angelique; Melin, Frederic; Meyssignac, Benoit; Monier, Maeva; Muller, Malte; Mulet, Sandrine; Naranjo, Cristina; Notarstefano, Giulio; Paulmier, Aurelien; Perez Gomez, Begona; Perez Gonzalez, Irene; Peneva, Elisaveta; Perruche, Coralie; Peterson, K. Andrew; Pinardi, Nadia; Pisano, Andrea; Pardo, Silvia; Poulain, Pierre-marie; Raj, Roshin P.; Raudsepp, Urmas; Ravdas, Michaelis; Reid, Rebecca; Rio, Marie-hélène; Salon, Stefano; Samuelsen, Annette; Sammartino, Michela; Sammartino, Simone; Sando, Anne Britt; Santoleri, Rosalia; Sathyendranath, Shubha; She, Jun; Simoncelli, Simona; Solidoro, Cosimo; Stoffelen, Ad; Storto, Andrea; Szerkely, Tanguy; Tamm, Susanne; Tietsche, Steffen; Tinker, Jonathan; Tintore, Joaquin; Trindade, Ana; Van Zanten, Daphne; Vandenbulcke, Luc; Verhoef, Anton; Verbrugge, Nathalie; Viktorsson, Lena; Wakelin, Sarah L.; Zacharioudaki, Anna; Zuo, Hao.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2018
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00601/71276/71010.pdf

Copernicus Marine Service Ocean State Report, Issue 3
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Von Schuckmann, Karina; Le Traon, Pierre-yves; Smith, Neville; Pascual, Ananda; Djavidnia, Samuel; Gattuso, Jean-pierre; Grégoire, Marilaure; Nolan, Glenn; Aaboe, Signe; Aguiar, Eva; Álvarez Fanjul, Enrique; Alvera-azcárate, Aida; Aouf, Lotfi; Barciela, Rosa; Behrens, Arno; Belmonte Rivas, Maria; Ben Ismail, Sana; Bentamy, Abderrahim; Borgini, Mireno; Brando, Vittorio E.; Bensoussan, Nathaniel; Blauw, Anouk; Bryère, Philippe; Buongiorno Nardelli, Bruno; Caballero, Ainhoa; Çağlar Yumruktepe, Veli; Cebrian, Emma; Chiggiato, Jacopo; Clementi, Emanuela; Corgnati, Lorenzo; De Alfonso, Marta; De Pascual Collar, Álvaro; Deshayes, Julie; Di Lorenzo, Emanuele; Dominici, Jean-marie; Dupouy, Cécile; Drévillon, Marie; Echevin, Vincent; Eleveld, Marieke; Enserink, Lisette; García Sotillo, Marcos; Garnesson, Philippe; Garrabou, Joaquim; Garric, Gilles; Gasparin, Florent; Gayer, Gerhard; Gohin, Francis; Grandi, Alessandro; Griffa, Annalisa; Gourrion, Jerome; Hendricks, Stefan; Heuzé, Céline; Holland, Elisabeth; Iovino, Doroteaciro; Juza, Mélanie; Kurt Kersting, Diego; Kipson, Silvija; Kizilkaya, Zafer; Korres, Gerasimos; Kõuts, Mariliis; Lagemaa, Priidik; Lavergne, Thomas; Lavigne, Heloise; Ledoux, Jean-baptiste; Legeais, Jean Francois; Lehodey, Patrick; Linares, Cristina; Liu, Ye; Mader, Julien; Maljutenko, Ilja; Mangin, Antoine; Manso-narvarte, Ivan; Mantovani, Carlo; Markager, Stiig; Mason, Evan; Mignot, Alexandre; Menna, Milena; Monier, Maeva; Mourre, Baptiste; Müller, Malte; Nielsen, Jacob Woge; Notarstefano, Giulio; Ocaña, Oscar; Pascual, Ananda; Patti, Bernardo; Payne, Mark R.; Peirache, Marion; Pardo, Silvia; Pérez Gómez, Begoña; Pisano, Andrea; Perruche, Coralie; Peterson, K. Andrew; Pujol, Marie-isabelle; Raudsepp, Urmas; Ravdas, Michalis; Raj, Roshin P.; Renshaw, Richard; Reyes, Emma; Ricker, Robert; Rubio, Anna; Sammartino, Michela; Santoleri, Rosalia; Sathyendranath, Shubha; Schroeder, Katrin; She, Jun; Sparnocchia, Stefania; Staneva, Joanna; Stoffelen, Ad; Szekely, Tanguy; Tilstone, Gavin H.; Tinker, Jonathan; Tintoré, Joaquín; Tranchant, Benoît; Uiboupin, Rivo; Van Der Zande, Dimitry; Wood, Richard; Woge Nielsen, Jacob; Zabala, Mikel; Zacharioudaki, Anna; Zuberer, Frédéric; Zuo, Hao.
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00515/62637/67004.pdf

Challenges for Sustained Observing and Forecasting Systems in the Mediterranean Sea
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Tintoré, Joaquín; Pinardi, Nadia; Álvarez-fanjul, Enrique; Aguiar, Eva; Álvarez-berastegui, Diego; Bajo, Marco; Balbin, Rosa; Bozzano, Roberto; Nardelli, Bruno Buongiorno; Cardin, Vanessa; Casas, Benjamin; Charcos-llorens, Miguel; Chiggiato, Jacopo; Clementi, Emanuela; Coppini, Giovanni; Coppola, Laurent; Cossarini, Gianpiero; Deidun, Alan; Deudero, Salud; D'Ortenzio, Fabrizio; Drago, Aldo; Drudi, Massimiliano; El Serafy, Ghada; Escudier, Romain; Farcy, Patrick; Federico, Ivan; Fernández, Juan Gabriel; Ferrarin, Christian; Fossi, Cristina; Frangoulis, Constantin; Galgani, Francois; Gana, Slim; García Lafuente, Jesús; Sotillo, Marcos García; Garreau, Pierre; Gertman, Isaac; Gómez-pujol, Lluis; Grandi, Alessandro; Hayes, Daniel; Hernández-lasheras, Jaime; Herut, Barak; Heslop, Emma; Hilmi, Karim; Juza, Melanie; Kallos, George; Korres, Gerasimos; Lecci, Rita; Lazzari, Paolo; Lorente, Pablo; Liubartseva, Svitlana; Louanchi, Ferial; Malacic, Vlado; Mannarini, Gianandrea; March, David; Marullo, Salvatore; Mauri, Elena; Meszaros, Lorinc; Mourre, Baptiste; Mortier, Laurent; Muñoz-mas, Cristian; Novellino, Antonio; Obaton, Dominique; Orfila, Amine; Pascual, Ananda; Pensieri, Sara; Pérez Gómez, Begoña; Pérez Rubio, Susana; Perivoliotis, Leonidas; Petihakis, George; De La Villéon, Loic Petit; Pistoia, Jenny; Poulain, Pierre-marie; Pouliquen, Sylvie; Prieto, Laura; Raimbault, Patrick; Reglero, Patricia; Reyes, Emma; Rotllan, Paz; Ruiz, Simón; Ruiz, Javier; Ruiz, Inmaculada; Ruiz-orejón, Luis Francisco; Salihoglu, Baris; Salon, Stefano; Sammartino, Simone; Sánchez Arcilla, Agustín; Sánchez-román, Antonio; Sannino, Gianmaria; Santoleri, Rosalia; Sardá, Rafael; Schroeder, Katrin; Simoncelli, Simona; Sofianos, Sarantis; Sylaios, Georgios; Tanhua, Toste; Teruzzi, Anna; Testor, Pierre; Tezcan, Devrim; Torner, Marc; Trotta, Francesco; Umgiesser, Georg; Von Schuckmann, Karina; Verri, Giorgia; Vilibic, Ivica; Yucel, Mustafa; Zavatarelli, Marco; Zodiatis, George.
The Mediterranean community represented in this paper is the result of more than 30 years of EU and nationally funded coordination, which has led to key contributions in science concepts and operational initiatives. Together with the establishment of operational services, the community has coordinated with universities, research centers, research infrastructures and private companies to implement advanced multi-platform and integrated observing and forecasting systems that facilitate the advancement of operational services, scientific achievements and mission-oriented innovation. Thus, the community can respond to societal challenges and stakeholders needs, developing a variety of fit-for-purpose services such as the Copernicus Marine Service. The...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Observing and forecasting systems; Sustained observations; Ocean variability; FAIR data; Climate; Operational services; Science with and for society; SDG's.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00513/62494/66808.pdf

ARGO based statistics for climate monitoring
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gaillard, Fabienne; Reynaud, Thierry; Von Schuckmann, Karina; Roquet, Fabien; Prigent, Annaig; Lagadec, Catherine.
The Argo array, by offering simultaneously global coverage and high vertical resolution, made the monitoring of inter-annual and decadal variability of the ocean interior possible. In the ARIVO project, we have initiated the production of gridded monthly fields of temperature and salinity using an optimal analysis tool and designed an iterative approach to combine near-real time and delayed mode data. The monthly gridded fields are averaged over time to produce the reference state needed by climatological studies, dynamical modeling and reconstruction methods themselves. Higher degree statistics such as variances and extreme values are later derived. Global indices (heat content, dynamical height) and corresponding error bars are also computed. Sensitivity...
Tipo: Text
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00112/22355/20035.pdf