Consulta: creatorFacets:"Young,   Douglas L."
Registros recuperados: 24
Data/hora: 13/06/2024 02:25:30

THE IMPORTANCE OF USING FARM LEVEL RISK ESTIMATES IN CRP ENROLLMENT DECISIONS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bechtel,   Amos I.; Young,   Douglas L.
Easily accessible county data produced frontiers which substantially underestimated the reduction in risk by enrolling in the CRP.  Furthermore, the county yield data portrayed an unattainable level of utility for a moderately risk averse farmer.  Farm level data predicted CRP enrollment similar to actual enrollment in the study region.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Farm Management; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/35717

Prairie Crop Diversification
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Smith,   Elwin G.; Young,   Douglas L.; Zentner,   Robert P.
The Canadian prairies traditionally have been dominated by spring wheat production. Crop diversification is now being advocated to enhance farm-level risk management, ecological benefits, nutrient cycling, and pest and disease control, and to reduce the farm economy’s reliance on income from a single crop. There has always been interest in diversifying away from wheat, but until recently, economically feasible alternatives have been limited, and government policies may have constrained the shift to other crops. Knowing the impact of prices and policies on crop diversification is essential to understanding producer response and to determining strategies to enhance cropping diversity.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Marketing.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45695

THE ROLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION IN PREDICTING ADOPTION OF WIND EROSION CONTROL PRACTICES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wang,   H. Holly; Young,   Douglas L.; Camara,   Oumou M.
Logit and ordered probit analyses were used to identify factors associated with reduced tillage adoption, continuous spring cropping, and the number of changes made in response to wind erosion. Contrary to previous results for water erosion control, simple perception of a wind erosion problem or membership in a particular socioeconomic category did not significantly explain adoption of wind erosion control practices, but participating in a targeted educational program did. This educational program: (a) highlighted the threats of wind erosion to human health and to soil productivity, and (b) described specific potentially profitable farming practices for solving the wind erosion problem.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/30906

THE INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS ON THE LONG RUN FARM LEVEL ECONOMICS OF SOIL CONSERVATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Taylor,   Daniel B.; Young,   Douglas L.
The complementary interaction between topsoil depth and technical progress for winter wheat in the Palouse region was found to strengthen the long run payoff to conservation tillage.  Nonetheless, conservation tillage was found to be competitive with conventional tillage only if its current yield disadvantages were eliminated.  Conservation tillage was relatively more competitive on shallower topsoils and for longer planning horizons.  Short-term subsidies coupled with research directed towards reducing the cost and yield disadvantages of conservation tillage in the Palouse were advocated to maintain long-term soil productivity.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1985
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32515

The Sweet Smell of Subsidies Revisited
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Young,   Douglas L.; Smith,   Elwin G.; Smith,   Anne M.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93506

AN EXAMINATION OF CASH FLOW AND CONVENTIONAL NET INCOME MEASURES FOR EVALUATING THE ECONOMIC VIABILITY OF FARMS OF VARYING SIZE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Holland,   David W.; Young,   Douglas L.
This study examines the question of income adequacy as it relates to the broader issue of an economically viable farm size in the Columbia Basin of Washington State. The issue is especially relevant because of possible limitations on farm size resulting from enforcement of the 1902 Reclamation Act. Income estimates derived under two alternative accounting frameworks - the standard economic accounting method and the after-tax cash flow accounting method - were examined. Findings were that the after tax cash flow accounting framework was more appropriate for examining the income adequacy aspect of the viability issue as it incorporated the effect of federal income taxes and farmer's equity, both of which are important determinates of income levels. Using the...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural Finance.
Ano: 1980
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32524

HOW DO FARMERS WHO ADOPT MULTIPLE CONSERVATION PRACTICES DIFFER FROM THEIR NEIGHBORS?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Upadhyay,   Bharat Mani; Young,   Douglas L.; Wang,   H. Holly; Wandschneider,   Philip R.
This study analyses three key conservation practices adoption behavior for 266 farmers in eastern Washington. Results revealed (1) that multiple practice adopters contrast more sharply with non-adopters than do adopters of a single practice, and (2) single practice adopters differ more from zero practice adopters than from other farmers.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36658

A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK FOR EVALUATING SOCIAL WELFARE EFFECTS OF NEW AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Young,   Douglas L.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 1977
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32187

ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF AGRICULTURAL POLICY REFORM: AN INTERREGIONAL COMPARISON
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Painter,   Kathleen M.; Young,   Douglas L.
Mathematical programming results revealed that moving toward more flexible agricultural policies would generate substantial economic and environmental gains in a North Carolina diversified cropping region.  But in a Washington-Idaho dryland grains region, only the use of relatively new and sometimes problematic alternative cropping systems permitted environmental and economic gains under policy reform.  In both regions, a recoupling policy, which links government payments to resource-conserving farming practices, was needed to protect environmental quality when market prices for program crops were high.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agrichemical leaching; Agricultural policy; Alternative agriculture; Erosion; Mathematical programming; Agricultural and Food Policy.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15173

THE ROLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION IN PREDICTING ADOPTION OF WIND EROSION CONTROL PRACTICES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wang,   H. Holly; Young,   Douglas L.; Camara,   Oumou M.
Logit and ordered probit analyses were used to identify factors affecting reduced tillage adoption, continuous spring cropping use, and the number of changes made in response to wind erosion. We found problem perceptions or common socioeconomic variables couldn’t explain adoption of these practices, but participating in an educational program did.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36376

Weather-Based Crop Insurance Contracts for African Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Karuaihe,   Raphael N.; Wang,   H. Holly; Young,   Douglas L.
Weather constitutes the major source for production risk in agriculture. Weather index can be used construct crop insurance that demand less information and can avoid moral hazard and adverse selection problems. Based on mean-variance model, theoretical results on the optimal insurance coverage and its impact from risk preference, basis risk, and premium loading are derived, which are quite consistent to the empirical results from the expected utility model. Using South Africa corn data, we investigate growers' demand and efficiency of alternative hypothetical weather index crop insurance programs. In contrast to previous work that suggests that a single-variable weather index suffices to develop an insurance contract, this study shows that the insured...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Risk and Uncertainty; C51; C61; G22; Q14.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25378

AN ECONOMIC THRESHOLD FOR TICK CONTROL CONSIDERING MULTIPLE DAMAGES AND PROBABILITY-BASED DAMAGE FUNCTIONS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Young,   Douglas L.; Haantuba,   Hyde H.
The economic threshold for thick infestations on Zambian cattle was analyzed considering both direct production losses and mortality from transmitted diseases. Probability theory applied to mortality risks was used to derive the functional form for disease damage. With only noninfectious ticks, the economic threshold based on liveweight gain losses was three ticks per calf. The threshold recommended dipping calves whenever any disease-infectious ticks were present. Similar threshold results held for cows when considering milk production and disease mortality losses. If disease control benefits are omitted, as in some past work, thresholds will be overstated and dipping recommendations understated when infectious ticks are present.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/31204

EVALUATING A PRECISION AGRICULTURE HERBICIDE DECISION MODEL FOR WINTER WHEAT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Young,   Douglas L.; Kwon,   Tae-Jin; Smith,   Elwin G.; Young,   F.L.
Replaced with revised version of paper 08/02.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19819

COMMODITY AND CONSERVATION POLICY IMPACTS ON RISK AND RETURNS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hoag,   Dana L.; Young,   Douglas L.
Crop yields, farm income risk and returns, and soil losses were simulated from 1974 to 1984 for southeastern Washington Palouse-region farms in three climatic subregions under alternative conservation and commodity policy scenarios.  Historical commodity programs reinforced preexisting disincentives to retire highly erodible land to perennial grasses, but cropland base protection (CBP) legislation would eliminate such disincentives and increase profitability and decrease risk of land retirement.  Nevertheless, additional incentives would be needed.  Government rental payments can provide necessary incentives, but they are more costly without CBP. CBP was not included in the 1985 farm bill.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32246

Biofuels: Political/Economic Boondoggle or Energy Salvation for Western States?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Young,   Douglas L.
Nearly all western states lack comparative advantages for producing corn for ethanol and oilseeds for biodiesel. Despite this disadvantage, most western states have legislated incentives for production of biofuels. Unfavorable changes in price relationships, high transportation costs for imported feedstocks, and tight credit markets in 2008 and 2009 led to bankruptcies and plant closures at a disproportionate rate in the western biofuel industry. Policy makers in western states are advised to fund research and development for bioenergy and biofuel feedstocks in which they have a comparative advantage. These include forestry by-products, food processing and crop residues, and livestock wastes.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Biodiesel; Bioenergy research; Biofuels; Biofuel bankruptcies; Biofuel feedstocks; Biofuel incentives; Corn ethanol; Western United States; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57632

AGGREGATION ISSUES IN PEST CONTROL ECONOMICS: A BIOECONOMIC APPROACH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Young,   Douglas L.; Smith,   Elwin G.; Kwon,   Tae-Jin.
Previous research has defined “aggregate pesticide expenditures” as the control variable; however, virtually all managerial recommendations and environmental restrictions target specific pesticides, rates, and crops. A bioeconomic approach considering particular pesticides on specific pests and crops is recommended for managerial-policy applications and testing for increasing returns. Exponential weed control and seven popular yield damage functional forms were estimated for a bioeconomic weed control model for winter wheat in Washington. Concavity with respect to herbicide rate was observed for most popular damage functions at normal weed densities and manufacturers’ label rates, but convexity existed outside these ranges and should be checked.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Bioeconomic; Data aggregation; Herbicide; Increasing returns; Pest control; Pesticide; Weed; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36448

An Operational Approach for Evaluating Investment Risk: An Application to the No-Till Transition
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Upadhyay,   Bharat Mani; Young,   Douglas L.
Roy's safety-first rule is used to provide measures popular with farmers of short and long term business risk associated with various no-till transition strategies over an investment horizon. The short run rule provided more sensitivity to inter-year financial risk than other commonly used criteria. Results revealed that speed of adoption influenced the probability of successful transition more than did the sequence of drill acquisition methods. Higher equity and larger farms had a greater chance of transition success. Slow acreage expansion with a custom or rental drill reduces risk until a no-till yield penalty is eliminated.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Investment risk; Monte Carlo simulation; No-till; Rent-purchase; Risk; Safety-first; Technology adoption; Transition strategy; Farm Management; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/12958

ECONOMICALLY OPTIMAL NITROGEN FERTILIZATION FOR YIELD AND PROTEIN IN HARD RED SPRING WHEAT
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baker,   Dustin; Young,   Douglas L.; Huggins,   David R.; Pan,   William.
This analysis determines profit maximizing N fertilization levels of hard red spring wheat (HRSW) for various wheat prices, N prices, and protein-based HRSW price premium/discount (P/D) structures for south eastern Washington data.  Fertilizer response data consisting of rates of N fertilization (lb/ac), grain yield (bu/ac), and grain protein (%) were used to statistically estimate regression relationships that predicted yield and protein in response to N.  All predicted net return maximizing N, protein, and yield levels were within the data range.  Increasing P/D incentives for protein increased optimal N, the expected economic result.  At the high P/D structures, the P/D structure dominated N and wheat prices in determining optimal N application levels....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36037

CROPPING DIVERSITY AND FARM PROGRAMS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Smith,   Elwin G.; Young,   Douglas L.
Cropping diversity along the United States - Canada border of the Great Plains has not been dominated by either country. U.S. wheat policies impacted diversity in both countries through price and in the U.S. by acreage reduction programs. In the 1990s, cropping diversity increased in Canada and declined in the U.S. Since the 1996 U.S. Farm Bill, cropping diversity has increased in the U.S.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36505

RELEVANCE OF DUALITY THEORY TO THE PRACTICING AGRICULTURAL ECONOMIST:  DISCUSSION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Young,   Douglas L.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 1982
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32279

RISK PERCEPTIONS AND MANAGEMENT RESPONSES: PRODUCER-GENERATED HYPOTHESES FOR RISK MODELING
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Patrick,   George F.; Wilson,   Paul N.; Barry,   Peter J.; Boggess,   William G.; Young,   Douglas L.
Farm level risk analyses have used price and yield variability almost exclusively to represent risk.  Results from a survey of 149 agricultural producers in 12 states indicate that producers consider a broader range of sources of variability in their operations.  Significant differences exist among categories with respect to the importance of the sources of variability in crop and livestock production.  Producers also used a variety of management responses to variability.  There were significant difference among categories in the importance given to particular responses and their use of them.  These results have implications for research, extension, and policy programs.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 1985
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/29989

An Investment Analysis Approach to Examining Bio-Control of Invasive Weeds
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Smith,   Elwin G.; Young,   Douglas L.
Invasive weeds are a large problem on large tracts of rangeland in North America. Biological methods of control have been instituted, but many information gaps remain. An investment model approach is used to demonstrate some of the potentially key pieces of biological data that are required for an analysis. This model is applied to the control of leafy spurge on rangeland. The results of control are very dependent on the rate of spread and control by the biological control agent, the initial density of the weed, and the recovery of the forage (grass) after the weed has been controlled. Benefits of control are relatively low, as is the cost of the biological control practice. It takes several years before net benefits of the control practice are positive.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36286

FEEDFORWARD NEURAL NETWORK ESTIMATION OF A CROP YIELD RESPONSE FUNCTION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Joerding,   Wayne H.; Li,   Ying; Young,   Douglas L.
Feedforward networks have powerful approximation capabilities without the "explosion of parameters" problem faced by Fourier and polynomial expansions.  This paper first introduces feedforward networks and describes their approximation capabilities, then we address several practical issues faced by applications of feedforward networks.  First, we demonstrate networks can provide a reasonable estimate of a Bermudagrass hay fertilizer response function with the relatively sparse data often available from experiments.  Second, we demonstrate that the estimated network with a practical number of hidden units provides reasonable flexibility.  Third, we show how one can constrain feedforward networks to satisfy a priori information without losing their flexible...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Biological process models; Feedforward networks; Production function; Neural networks; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15430

AN OPERATIONAL APPROACH FOR EVALUATING INVESTMENT RISK: AN APPLICATION TO THE NO-TILL TRANSITION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Upadhyay,   Bharat Mani; Young,   Douglas L.
This study analyses short and long term safety first business risk associated with twenty six no-till transition strategies across four types of farms in eastern Washington. Risk of transition failure generated from risk averse criteria are also contrasted with a risk neutral criterion. Results revealed (1) that speeds of adoption have a larger effect than drill acquisition sequences in successful transition, (2) high equity farm have higher chance of success, and (3) slow acreage expansion with a custom or rental drill is preferred until yield penalty is eliminated.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Farm Management; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/35992