Consulta: subjectFacets:"Anxiety"
Registros recuperados: 47
Data/hora: 11/06/2024 15:12:30

Changes in Brain Monoamines Underlie Behavioural Disruptions after Zebrafish Diet Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Environmental Mixtures
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Vignet, Caroline; Trenkel, Verena; Vouillarmet, Annick; Bricca, Giampiero; Begout, Marie-laure; Cousin, Xavier.
Zebrafish were exposed through diet to two environmentally relevant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) mixtures of contrasted compositions, one of pyrolytic (PY) origin and one from light crude oil (LO). Monoamine concentrations were quantified in the brains of the fish after six month of exposure. A significant decrease in noradrenaline (NA) was observed in fish exposed to both mixtures, while a decrease in serotonin (5HT) and dopamine (DA) was observed only in LO-exposed fish. A decrease in metabolites of 5HT and DA was observed in fish exposed to both mixtures. Several behavioural disruptions were observed that depended on mixtures, and parallels were made with changes in monoamine concentrations. Indeed, we observed an increase in anxiety in fish...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Monoamine; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Behaviour; Anxiety; Swimming activity; Zebrafish.
Ano: 2017
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00375/48578/48900.pdf

Elevated mazes as animal models of anxiety: effects of serotonergic agents
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: Pinheiro,Simone H.; Zangrossi-Jr.,Hélio; Del-Ben,Cristina M.; Graeff,Frederico G.
This article reviews reported results about the effects of drugs that act upon the serotonergic neurotransmission measured in three elevated mazes that are animal models of anxiety. A bibliographic search has been performed in MEDLINE using different combinations of the key words X-maze, plus-maze, T-maze, serotonin and 5-HT, present in the title and/or the abstract, with no time limit. From the obtained abstracts, several publications were excluded on the basis of the following criteria: review articles that did not report original results, species other than the rat, intracerebral drug administration alone, genetically manipulated rats, and animals having any kind of experimental pathology. The reported results indicate that the effect of drugs on the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Animal model; Elevated maze; Anxiety; Panic; Serotonin.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652007000100010

Effects of electroacupuncture on stress and anxiety-related responses in rats
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: BASSETTO,RICARDO M.; WSCIEKLICA,TATIANA; POUZA,KATHLEIN C.P.; ORTOLANI,DANIELA; VIANA,MILENA B.; CESPEDES,ISABEL C.; SPADARI,REGINA C.
ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to investigate if eletroacupuncture at PC6 would modulate the stress-induced anxiety-like behavior and the level of activation of several brain areas. Rats were distributed in groups: control; submitted to immobilization; submitted to immobilization and eletroacupuncture at PC6 or at the tail. Immobilization increased grooming and decreased stretched attend postures and the time spent in the open arms of the ele-vated plus-maze. Eletroacupuncture at PC6 or tail canceled the effect of immobilization on grooming and attenuated the stretched attend posture. Immobilization increased Fos-immunoreactivity in the prefrontal cortex, medial and central amygdala, paraventricular and dorsomedial nuclei of the hypothalamus, lateral...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Stress; Electroacupuncture; Anxiety; Elevated plus-maze; Fos-immunoreactivity.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652017000301003

Behavioral alterations and Fos protein immunoreactivity in brain regions of bile duct-ligated cirrhotic rats
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: SUEUR-MALUF,LUCIANA LE; VIANA,MILENA B.; NAGAOKA,MÁRCIA R.; AMORIM,ANA LAURA B.; CARDOSO,AMANDA N.; RODRIGUES,BRUNA C.; MENDES,NATÁLIA F.; BITTENCOURT,JACKSON C.; CÉSPEDES,ISABEL C.
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) encompasses a variety of neuropsychiatric symptoms, including anxiety and psychomotor dysfunction. Although HE is a frequent complication of liver cirrhosis, the neurobiological substrates responsible for its clinical manifestations are largely unclear. In the present study, male Wistar rats were bile duct-ligated (BDL), a procedure which induces liver cirrhosis, and on the 21st day after surgery tested in the elevated plus-maze (EPM) and in an open field for anxiety and locomotor activity measurements. Analysis of Fos protein immunoreactivity (Fos-ir) was used to better understand the neurobiological alterations present in BDL animals. Plasma levels of ammonia were quantified and histopathological analysis of the livers was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Anxiety; Bile-duct ligation; Fos-immunoreactivity; Hepatic encephalopathy; Locomotor activity.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652015000100331

Does the panic attack activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis?
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: Graeff,Frederico G.; Garcia-Leal,Cybele; Del-Ben,Cristina M.; Guimarães,Francisco S.
A bibliographic search has been performed in MEDLINE using cortisol and panic as key-words, occurring in the title and/or in the abstract. Human studies were selected, with no time limit. The following publications were excluded: reviewarticles, case reports, panic attacks in disorders other than panic disorder, and studies on changes that occurred in-between panic attacks. The results showed that real-life panic attacks as well as those induced by selective panicogenic agents such as lactate and carbon dioxide do not activate the hypothalamicpituitary- adrenal (HPA) axis. Agonists of the colecystokinin receptor B, such as the colecystokinin-4 peptide and pentagastrin, increase stress hormones regardless of the occurrence of a panic attack and thus, seem...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Stress hormones; Panic attack; Anxiety.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652005000300009

Quality of life, anxiety and depression in patients with HIV/AIDS who present poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy: a cross-sectional study in Salvador, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Betancur,Mónica Narváez; Lins,Liliane; Oliveira,Irismar Reis de; Brites,Carlos.
Abstract The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy marked a major gain in efficacy of HIV/AIDS treatment and a reduction in morbidity and mortality of the infected patients. However, high levels of adherence are required to obtain virologic suppression. In Brazil, the policy of free and universal access to antiretroviral therapy has been in place since 1996, although there are reports of poor adherence.  Objective To define the clinical, demographic and psychological characteristics, and quality of life of patients with HIV/AIDS who present poor adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy.  Methods This was a cross-sectional study. To be included in the study patients had to be 18 through 65 years old, diagnosed with HIV/AIDS, having...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Highly active antiretroviral therapy; HIV/AIDS; Adherence; Nonadherence; Anxiety; Depression; Quality of life.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702017000500507

Prevalence of anxiety, depression and quality of life in HTLV-1 infected patients
Provedor de dados: 55
Autores: Gascón,Maria Rita Polo; Capitão,Claudio Garcia; Casseb,Jorge; Nogueira-Martins,Maria Cezira Fantini; Smid,Jerusa; Oliveira,Augusto César Penalva de.
The HAM/TSP caused by HTLV-1 infection usually affects patients to disabling states, and sometimes can lead them to paraplegia presenting symptoms of depression and anxiety, impacting on quality of life. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of depression and anxiety and its impact on quality of life in HTLV-1-infected TSP/HAM patients. Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study including 67 asymptomatic (control group) and 63 with TSP/HAM subjects. The instruments used were a demographic questionnaire, scales for anxiety and depression diagnosis (BDI and BAI), questionnaire for the assessment of Quality of Life of the World Health Organization (WHOQOL-Brief) and neurological scale to measure the disability level...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Anxiety; Depression; Quality of life; Human T-lymphotropic virus 1.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702011000600013

Dose-related effects of propericiazine in rats
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Cechin,E.M.; Quevedo,J.; Barichello,T.; Machado-Vieira,R.; Gentil,V.; Kapczinski,F.
We evaluated the effects of the neuroleptic agent propericiazine on animal models of anxiety and memory. Adult male Wistar rats (250 to 350 g) received intraperitoneal injections of propericiazine (0.05, 0.075 and 0.1 mg/kg), diazepam (1 mg/kg), saline, or diazepam vehicle (20% propylene glycol and 80% saline) 30 min prior to the experimental procedure. Animals (10-15 for each task) were tested for step-down inhibitory avoidance (0.3-mA footshock) and habituation to an open-field for memory assessment, and submitted to the elevated plus-maze to evaluate the effects of propericiazine in a model of anxiety. Animals treated with 0.075 mg/kg propericiazine showed a reduction in anxiety measures (P&lt;0.05) similar to that observed in those treated with...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Propericiazine; Memory; Anxiety; Diazepam; Elevated plus-maze.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2003000200010

L-histidine provokes a state-dependent memory retrieval deficit in mice re-exposed to the elevated plus-maze
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Serafim,K.R.; Kishi,M.; Canto-de-Souza,A.; Mattioli,R.
The effects of L-histidine (LH) on anxiety and memory retrieval were investigated in adult male Swiss Albino mice (weight 30-35 g) using the elevated plus-maze. The test was performed on two consecutive days: trial 1 (T1) and trial 2 (T2). In T1, mice received an intraperitoneal injection of saline (SAL) or LH before the test and were then injected again and retested 24 h later. LH had no effect on anxiety at the dose of 200 mg/kg since there was no difference between the SAL-SAL and LH-LH groups at T1 regarding open-arm entries (OAE) and open-arm time (OAT) (mean ± SEM; OAE: 4.0 ± 0.71, 4.80 ± 1.05; OAT: 40.55 ± 9.90, 51.55 ± 12.10, respectively; P &gt; 0.05, Kruskal-Wallis test), or at the dose of 500 mg/kg (OAE: 5.27 ± 0.73, 4.87 ± 0.66; OAT: 63.93 ±...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: L-histidine; Anxiety; Emotional memory; Elevated plus-maze; Memory retrieval deficit.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2010000100014

The elevated gradient of aversion: a new apparatus to study the rat behavior dimensions of anxiety, fear, and impulsivity
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Rico,J.L.; Bonuti,R.; Morato,S.
Few behavioral tests allow measuring several characteristics and most require training, complex analyses, and/or are time-consuming. We present an apparatus based on rat exploratory behavior. Composed of three different environments, it allows the assessment of more than one behavioral characteristic in a short 3-min session. Factorial analyses have defined three behavioral dimensions, which we named Exploration, Impulsivity, and Self-protection. Behaviors composing the Exploration factor were increased by chlordiazepoxide and apomorphine and decreased by pentylenetetrazole. Behaviors composing the Impulsivity factor were increased by chlordiazepoxide, apomorphine, and both acute and chronic imipramine treatments. Behaviors composing the Self-protection...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Anxiety; Exploratory behavior; Impulsivity; Rat; Fear; Self-protection.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2019001100601

Negative emotions affect postoperative scores for evaluating functional knee recovery and quality of life after total knee replacement
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Qi,A.; Lin,C.; Zhou,A.; Du,J.; Jia,X.; Sun,L.; Zhang,G.; Zhang,L.; Liu,M.
This study aimed to determine whether psychological factors affect health-related quality of life (HRQL) and recovery of knee function in total knee replacement (TKR) patients. A total of 119 TKR patients (male: 38; female: 81) completed the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-revised (EPQR-S), Knee Society Score (KSS), and HRQL (SF-36). At 1 and 6 months after surgery, anxiety, depression, and KSS scores in TKR patients were significantly better compared with those preoperatively (P&lt;0.05). SF-36 scores at the sixth month after surgery were significantly improved compared with preoperative scores (P&lt;0.001). Preoperative Physical Component Summary Scale...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Total knee replacement; Negative emotion; Anxiety; Depression; Functional recovery; Health-related quality of life.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2016000100602

Effect of gamma irradiation on the behavioral properties of crotoxin
Provedor de dados: 56
Crotoxin has been detoxified with gamma radiation in order to improve crotalic antiserum production. Nevertheless, present knowledge of the biological characteristics of irradiated crotoxin is insufficient to propose it as an immunizing agent. Crotoxin is known to increase the emotional state of rats and to decrease their exploratory behavior (Moreira EG, Nascimento N, Rosa GJM, Rogero JR and Vassilieff VS (1996) Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 29: 629-632). Therefore, we decided 1) to evaluate the effects of crotoxin in the social interaction test, which has been widely used for the evaluation of anxiogenic drugs, and 2) to determine if irradiated crotoxin induces behavioral alterations similar to those of crotoxin in the social...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Crotoxin; Gamma-irradiated crotoxin; Anxiety; Social interaction; Hole-board test; Open-field test.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1997000200014

Strain-dependent effects of diazepam and the 5-HT2B/2C receptor antagonist SB 206553 in spontaneously hypertensive and Lewis rats tested in the elevated plus-maze
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Takahashi,R.N.; Berton,O.; Mormède,P.; Chaouloff,F.
The 5-HT2B/2C receptor antagonist SB 206553 exerts anxiolytic effects in rat models of anxiety. However, these effects have been reported for standard rat strains, thus raising the issue of SB 206553 effects in rat strains displaying different levels of anxiety. Herein, the effects of SB 206553 in a 5-min elevated plus-maze test of anxiety were compared to those of the reference anxiolytic, diazepam, in two rat strains respectively displaying high (Lewis rats) and low (spontaneously hypertensive rats, SHR) anxiety. Diazepam (0.37, 0.75, or 1.5 mg/kg; 30 min before testing) increased in a dose-dependent manner the behavioral measures in SHR, but not in Lewis rats. On the other hand, SB 206553 (1.25, 2.5, or 5 mg/kg; 30 min before testing) failed to alter...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Anxiety; Diazepam; Elevated plus-maze; Lewis rats; Spontaneously hypertensive rats; Locomotor activity; M-chlorophenylpiperazine; SB 206553.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2001000500017

Effect of acute treatment with a water-alcohol extract of Erythrina mulungu on anxiety-related responses in rats
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Onusic,G.M.; Nogueira,R.L.; Pereira,A.M.S.; Viana,M.B.
We investigated the effect of acute oral treatment with a water-alcohol extract of the inflorescence of Erythrina mulungu (EM, Leguminosae-Papilionaceae) (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) on rats submitted to different anxiety models: the elevated T-maze (for inhibitory avoidance and escape measurements), the light/dark transition, and the cat odor test. These models were selected for their presumed capacity to demonstrate specific subtypes of anxiety disorders as recognized in clinical practice. Treatment with 200 mg/kg EM impaired avoidance latencies (avoidance 1 - 200 mg/kg EM: 18 ± 7 s, control group: 40 ± 9 s; avoidance 2 - 200 mg/kg EM: 15 ± 4 s, control group: 110.33 ± 38 s) in a way similar to the reference drug diazepam (avoidance 1: 3 ± 0.79 s; avoidance...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Erythrina mulungu; Anxiety; Animal models.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2002000400011

Effects of tryptophan depletion on anxiety induced by simulated public speaking
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Monteiro-dos-Santos,P.C.; Graeff,F.G.; dos-Santos,J.E.; Ribeiro,R.P.P.; Guimarães,F.S.; Zuardi,A.W.
Several lines of evidence point to the participation of serotonin (5HT) in anxiety. Its specific role, however, remains obscure. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of reducing 5HT-neurotransmission through an acute tryptophan depletion on anxiety induced by a simulated public speaking (SPS) test. Two groups of 14-15 subjects were submitted to a 24-h diet with a low or normal content of tryptophan and received an amino acid mixture without (TRY-) or with (TRY+) tryptophan under double-blind conditions. Five hours later they were submitted to the SPS test. The state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) and the visual analogue mood scale (VAMS) were used to measure subjective anxiety. Both scales showed that SPS induced a significant...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Serotonin; Anxiety; Tryptophan depletion; Public speaking; Healthy volunteers; Gender differences.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2000000500013

Anxiogenic-like effect of acute and chronic fluoxetine on rats tested on the elevated plus-maze
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Silva,M.T.A.; Alves,C.R.R.; Santarem,E.M.M.
The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine (FLX) is widely prescribed for depression and anxiety-related disorders. On the other hand, enhanced serotonergic transmission is known to be classically related to anxiety. In this study, the effects of acute (5.0 mg/kg) and chronic (5.0 mg/kg, 22 days) FLX were investigated in both food-deprived and non-deprived rats tested in the elevated plus-maze. Significant main effects of the three factors (drug, food condition and administration regimen) were observed, but no interaction between them. The administration of either acute or chronic FLX resulted in an anxiogenic effect, as detected by a significant reduction in the percentage of time spent in the open arms and in the percentage of open arm...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Elevated plus-maze; Fluoxetine; Anxiety; Handling; Food-restriction.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1999000300014

Dorsal periaqueductal gray stimulation facilitates anxiety-, but not panic-related, defensive responses in rats tested in the elevated T-maze
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Camplesi Jr,M.; Bortoli,V.C.de; Soares,V. de Paula; Nogueira,R.L.; Zangrossi Jr.,H.
The escape response to electrical or chemical stimulation of the dorsal periaqueductal gray matter (DPAG) has been associated with panic attacks. In order to explore the validity of the DPAG stimulation model for the study of panic disorder, we determined if the aversive consequences of the electrical or chemical stimulation of this midbrain area can be detected subsequently in the elevated T-maze. This animal model, derived from the elevated plus-maze, permits the measurement in the same rat of a generalized anxiety- and a panic-related defensive response, i.e., inhibitory avoidance and escape, respectively. Facilitation of inhibitory avoidance, suggesting an anxiogenic effect, was detected in male Wistar rats (200-220 g) tested in the elevated T-maze 30...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Panic disorder; Anxiety; Elevated T-maze; Dorsal periaqueductal gray stimulation.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2012001100005

Respiratory panic disorder subtype and sensitivity to the carbon dioxide challenge test
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Valença,A.M.; Nardi,A.E.; Nascimento,I.; Zin,W.A.; Versiani,M.
The aim of the present study was to verify the sensitivity to the carbon dioxide (CO2) challenge test of panic disorder (PD) patients with respiratory and nonrespiratory subtypes of the disorder. Our hypothesis is that the respiratory subtype is more sensitive to 35% CO2. Twenty-seven PD subjects with or without agoraphobia were classified into respiratory and nonrespiratory subtypes on the basis of the presence of respiratory symptoms during their panic attacks. The tests were carried out in a double-blind manner using two mixtures: 1) 35% CO2 and 65% O2, and 2) 100% atmospheric compressed air, 20 min apart. The tests were repeated after 2 weeks during which the participants in the study did not receive any psychotropic drugs. At least 15 of 16 (93.7%)...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: CO2; Anxiety; Breathing; Respiration.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2002000700004

Effects of emotional reactivity on inhibitory avoidance in the elevated T-maze
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Conde,C.; Costa,V.; Tomaz,C.
The possibility of the presence of inter-individual emotional differences and the memory performance of rats was examined in the elevated T-maze. Two kinds of aversively motivated behaviors, inhibitory avoidance and escape learning, were measured. Based on the number of trials to achieve a learning criterion, rats were divided into two subgroups with either low or high avoidance reactivity (LAR or HAR, respectively). Retention test avoidance latencies showed that HAR animals had better avoidance memory (Mann-Whitney rank sum test, P = 0.0035). No such differences were found for the escape component of this test. These data suggest that individual emotional differences affect inhibitory avoidance performance, which may help to explain the dispersion of the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Elevated T-maze; High and low avoidance rats; Anxiety; Emotional reactivity.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2000000200012

Behavioral profiles displayed by rats in an elevated asymmetric plus-maze: effects of diazepam
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Ruarte,M.B.; Alvarez,E.O.
When rats are exposed to unknown environments where novelty and fear-inducing characteristics are present (conflictive environments), some specific behaviors are induced and exploration is apparently modulated by fear. In our laboratory, a new type of plus-maze was designed as a model of conflictive exploration. The maze is composed of four arms with different geometrical characteristics, differing from each other by the presence or absence of walls. The degree of asymmetry was as follows: NW, no wall arm; SW, a single high wall present; HL, a low and a high wall present, and HH, two high walls present. The four arms were arranged at 90o angles and the apparatus was called the elevated asymmetric plus-maze (APM). The purpose of the present study was to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Emotionality; Anxiety; Motivation; Elevated asymmetric plus-maze; Benzodiazepine; Conflictive exploration.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1999000100015

H1 but not H2 histamine antagonist receptors mediate anxiety-related behaviors and emotional memory deficit in mice subjected to elevated plus-maze testing
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Serafim,K.R.; Kishi,M.S.; Canto-de-Souza,A.; Mattioli,R.
This study investigated the role of H1 and H2 receptors in anxiety and the retrieval of emotional memory using a Trial 1/Trial 2 (T1/T2) protocol in an elevated plus-maze (EPM). Tests were performed on 2 consecutive days, designated T1 and T2. Before T1, the mice received intraperitoneal injections of saline (SAL), 20 mg/kg zolantidine (ZOL, an H2receptor antagonist), or 8.0 or 16 mg/kg chlorpheniramine (CPA, an H1 receptor antagonist). After 40 min, they were subjected to the EPM test. In T2 (24 h later), each group was subdivided into two additional groups, and the animals from each group were re-injected with SAL or one of the drugs. In T1, the Student t-test showed no difference between the SAL and ZOL or 8 mg/kg CPA groups with respect to the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chlorpheniramine; Zolantidine; Anxiety; Memory; Elevated plus-maze.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2013000500440

Dose-response effects of systemic anandamide administration in mice sequentially submitted to the open field and elevated plus-maze tests
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Ribeiro,A.; Ferraz-de-Paula,V.; Pinheiro,M.L.; Palermo-Neto,J.
The endocannabinoid system is involved in the control of many physiological functions, including the control of emotional states. In rodents, previous exposure to an open field increases the anxiety-like behavior in the elevated plus-maze. Anxiolytic-like effects of pharmacological compounds that increase endocannabinoid levels have been well documented. However, these effects are more evident in animals with high anxiety levels. Several studies have described characteristic inverted U-shaped dose-response effects of drugs that modulate the endocannabinoid levels. However, there are no studies showing the effects of different doses of exogenous anandamide, an endocannabinoid, in animal models of anxiety. Thus, in the present study, we determined the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Endocannabinoid; Anandamide; Anxiety; Open field; Elevated plus-maze.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2009000600013

Anxiolytic effect of methylene blue microinjected into the dorsal periaqueductal gray matter
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: de-Oliveira,R.W.; Guimarães,F.S.
The dorsal periaqueductal gray (DPAG) has been implicated in the behavioral and autonomic expression of defensive reactions. Several results suggest that, along with GABA, glutamate and serotonin, nitric oxide (NO) may play a role in defense reactions mediated by this region. To further investigate this possibility we microinjected methylene blue (MB; 10, 30 or 100 nmol/0.5 µl) into the DPAG of rats submitted to the elevated plus-maze test, an animal model of anxiety. MB has been used as an inhibitor of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) to demonstrate cGMP-mediated processes, and there is evidence that NO may exert its biological effects by binding to the heme part of guanylate cyclase, causing an increase in cGMP levels. The results showed that MB (30 nmol)...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Anxiety; Elevated plus-maze; Nitric oxide; Animal model.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1999001200012

The brain decade in debate: III. Neurobiology of emotion
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Blanchard,C.; Blanchard,R.; Fellous,J.-M.; Guimarães,F.S.; Irwin,W.; LeDoux,J.E.; McGaugh,J.L.; Rosen,J.B.; Schenberg,L.C.; Volchan,E.; Da Cunha,C.
This article is a transcription of an electronic symposium in which active researchers were invited by the Brazilian Society of Neuroscience and Behavior (SBNeC) to discuss the advances of the last decade in the neurobiology of emotion. Four basic questions were debated: 1) What are the most critical issues/questions in the neurobiology of emotion? 2) What do we know for certain about brain processes involved in emotion and what is controversial? 3) What kinds of research are needed to resolve these controversial issues? 4) What is the relationship between learning, memory and emotion? The focus was on the existence of different neural systems for different emotions and the nature of the neural coding for the emotional states. Is emotion the result of the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Emotion; Fear; Anxiety; Learning; Memory; Amygdala; Nucleus accumbens; Periaqueductal gray matter.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2001000300001

Estrous cycle and stress: influence of progesterone on the female brain
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Lovick,T.A.
The female brain operates in a constantly changing chemical milieu caused by cyclical changes in gonadal hormones during the estrous cycle (menstrual cycle in women). Such hormones are highly lipophilic and pass readily from the plasma to the brain where they can influence neuronal function. It is becoming clear that the rapid reduction in peripheral circulating progesterone, which occurs during the late diestrous phase of the cycle, can trigger a withdrawal-like response, in which changes in GABA A receptor expression render hyper-responsive certain brain areas involved in processing responses to stressful stimuli. The periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) is recognised as an important region for integrating anxiety/defence responses. Withdrawal from...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Female; Estrous cycle; Stress; Anxiety; Progesterone; Neurosteroid replacement.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2012000400005

Postural balance in patients with social anxiety disorder
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Levitan,M.N.; Crippa,J.A.; Bruno,L.M.; Pastore,D.L.; Freire,R.C.; Arrais,K.C.; Hallak,J.E.; Nardi,A.E.
Body stability is controlled by the postural system and can be affected by fear and anxiety. Few studies have addressed freezing posture in psychiatric disorders. The purpose of the present study was to assess posturographic behavior in 30 patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD) and 35 without SAD during presentation of blocks of pictures with different valences. Neutral images consisted of objects taken from a catalog of pictures, negative images were mutilation pictures and anxiogenic images were related to situations regarding SAD fears. While participants were standing on a force platform, similar to a balance, displacement of the center of pressure in the mediolateral and anteroposterior directions was measured. We found that the SAD group...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Social anxiety disorder; Postural control; Freezing; Stabilometry; Anxiety; Social exposure.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2012000100007

Anxiety and depression in parents of a Brazilian non-clinical sample of attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) students
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Segenreich,D.; Fortes,D.; Coutinho,G.; Pastura,G.; Mattos,P.
Higher prevalence rates of anxiety and depression have been reported in parents of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The interaction between the burden of ADHD in offspring, a higher prevalence rate of this highly inherited disorder in parents, and comorbidities may explain this finding. Our objective was to investigate levels of ADHD, anxious and depressive symptomatology, and their relationship in parents of ADHD children from a non-clinical sample using a dimensional approach. The sample included 396 students enrolled in all eight grades of a public school who were screened for ADHD using the SNAP IV rating scale. Positive cases were confirmed through a semi-structured interview. Parents of all 26 ADHD students and 31 paired...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; ADHD; Anxiety; Depression.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2009000500011

Cannabidiol, a Cannabis sativa constituent, as an antipsychotic drug
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Zuardi,A.W.; Crippa,J.A.S.; Hallak,J.E.C.; Moreira,F.A.; Guimarães,F.S.
A high dose of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol, the main Cannabis sativa (cannabis) component, induces anxiety and psychotic-like symptoms in healthy volunteers. These effects of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol are significantly reduced by cannabidiol (CBD), a cannabis constituent which is devoid of the typical effects of the plant. This observation led us to suspect that CBD could have anxiolytic and/or antipsychotic actions. Studies in animal models and in healthy volunteers clearly suggest an anxiolytic-like effect of CBD. The antipsychotic-like properties of CBD have been investigated in animal models using behavioral and neurochemical techniques which suggested that CBD has a pharmacological profile similar to that of atypical antipsychotic drugs. The results...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cannabidiol; D9-Tetrahydrocannabinol; Cannabinoid; Anxiety; Antipsychotic; Schizophrenia.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2006000400001

Hypoxic-ischemic injury decreases anxiety-like behavior in rats when associated with loss of tyrosine-hydroxylase immunoreactive neurons of the substantia nigra
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Ming-Yan,Hei; Luo,Ya-Li; Zhang,Xiao-Chun; Liu,Hong; Gao,Ru; Wu,Jing-Jiang.
Neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal control, mild hypoxia-ischemia (HI), and severe HI groups (N = 10 in each group at each time) on postnatal day 7 (P7) to study the effect of mild and severe HI on anxiety-like behavior and the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the substantia nigra (SN). The mild and severe HI groups were exposed to hypoxia (8% O2/92% N2) for 90 and 150 min, respectively. The elevated plus-maze (EPM) test was performed to assess anxiety-like behavior by measuring time spent in the open arms (OAT) and OAT%, and immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression of TH in the SN at P14, P21, and P28. OAT and OAT% in the EPM were significantly increased in both the mild (1.88-, 1.99-, and 2.04-fold,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Anxiety; Tyrosine hydroxylase; Substantia nigra; Hypoxia-ischemia.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2012000100003

Paradoxical increase of exploratory behavior in the elevated plus-maze by rats exposed to two kinds of aversive stimuli
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Morato,S.; Brandão,M.L.
Albino rats were submitted to a 24-h period of social isolation (individual housing) combined with 0, 1, 2 or 3 twenty-four-hour periods of exposure to different vivaria (novelty) and tested in the elevated plus-maze. Results, reported as mean ± SEM for N = 12, show that the time (in seconds) spent in the open arms by rats exposed to novelty for 0, 1, 2 and 3 days was 28.3 ± 4.4, 31.6 ± 3.2, 29.1 ± 3.5 and 25.0 ± 3.3, respectively, when grouped in the same vivarium; 29.6 ± 2.7, 7.6 ± 2.1, 9.6 ± 4.4 and 28.5 ± 3.7 when grouped in different vivaria; 2.9 ± 1.1, 1.8 ± 1.0, 2.7 ± 1.1 and 0 ± 0 when isolated in the same vivarium, and 2.6 ± 1.1, 31.5 ± 8.2, 24.8 ± 4.2 and 0 ± 0 when isolated in different vivaria. The number of entries into the open and closed...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Elevated plus-maze; Social isolation; Novelty; Anxiety; Exploratory behavior; Aversive stimuli.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1997000900010

Efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy in reducing psychiatric symptoms in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillator: an integrative review
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Maia,A.C.C.O.; Braga,A.A.; Soares-Filho,G.; Pereira,V.; Nardi,A.E.; Silva,A.C.
This article is a systematic review of the available literature on the benefits that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) offers patients with implanted cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) and confirms its effectiveness. After receiving the device, some patients fear that it will malfunction, or they remain in a constant state of tension due to sudden electrical discharges and develop symptoms of anxiety and depression. A search with the key words “anxiety”, “depression”, “implantable cardioverter”, “cognitive behavioral therapy” and “psychotherapy” was carried out. The search was conducted in early January 2013. Sources for the search were ISI Web of Knowledge, PubMed, and PsycINFO. A total of 224 articles were retrieved: 155 from PubMed, 69 from ISI Web of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Anxiety; Depression; Cognitive behavioral therapy; Psychotherapy; Cardiology; Implantable cardioverter defibrillators.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2014000400265

Influence of lactation on motor activity and elevated plus maze behavior
Provedor de dados: 56
Lactating rats show less noise-induced freezing and fewer inhibitory responses on the 6th day post-delivery when submitted to water and food deprivation in a classical conflict paradigm. Lactating mice go more often to the illuminated chamber in a light-dark cage and stay longer in it than virgin females. The present study was designed to assess the influence of this physiological state, i.e. lactation, on the elevated plus maze (EPM) and open-field behavior in adult female rats. Total (TL) and central (CL) locomotion and rearing (RF) frequencies were measured in an open-field. Number of entries into the open and closed arms as well as the time spent in each of these arms were measured in the EPM. Percent time spent and number of entries into the open arms...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Female rats; Anxiety; Elevated plus maze; Open-field test; Lactation.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1997000200013

An empirical comparison of atypical bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Fontenelle,L.F.; Mendlowicz,M.V.; Moreira,R.O.; Appolinario,J.C.
The International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition (ICD-10) defines atypical bulimia nervosa (ABN) as an eating disorder that encompasses several different syndromes, including the DSM-IV binge eating disorder (BED). We investigated whether patients with BED can be differentiated clinically from patients with ABN who do not meet criteria for BED. Fifty-three obese patients were examined using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV and the ICD-10 criteria for eating disorders. All volunteers completed the Binge Eating Scale (BES), the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90). Individuals fulfilling criteria for both ABN and BED (N = 18), ABN without BED (N = 16), and obese controls (N = 19) were compared and contrasted....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Atypical bulimia nervosa; Binge eating disorder; Anxiety; Obesity.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2005001100014

Experimental anxiety and the reinforcing effects of ethanol in rats
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Blatt,S.L.; Takahashi,R.N.
In order to examine the relationship between anxiety and reinforcing effects of alcohol, drug-naive male Wistar rats weighing 250-300 g were classified as "anxious" and "non-anxious" in the elevated plus-maze test. A conditioned place preference test was then used to investigate the reinforcing effects of ethanol (EtOH) on these animals. On 2 alternate days, groups of "anxious", "non-anxious" and "normal" rats received intraperitoneal (ip) injections of EtOH (0.5, 1.0 or 1.5 g/kg) immediately before a 15-min confinement to the white compartment. On the 2 intervening days the same rats received ip injections of saline before confinement to the opposite compartment. On day 5, a 15-min free-choice test was carried out with no injections. Rats classified as...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Anxiety; Plus-maze; Place preference; Ethanol; Wistar rats.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1999000400013

Comorbidity of psychiatric disorders and symmetric distal polyneuropathy among type II diabetic outpatients
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Moreira,R.O.; Papelbaum,M.; Fontenelle,L.F.; Appolinario,J.C.; Ellinger,V.C.M.; Coutinho,W.F.; Zagury,L.
The objective of the present study was to establish the frequency of psychiatric comorbidity in a sample of diabetic patients with symmetric distal polyneuropathy (SDPN). Sixty-five patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were selected consecutively to participate in the study at Instituto Estadual de Diabetes e Endocrinologia. All patients were submitted to a complete clinical and psychiatric evaluation, including the Portuguese version of the structured clinical interview for DSM-IV, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Neuropathy Symptom Score, and Neuropathy Disability Score. SDPN was identified in 22 subjects (33.8%). Patients with and without SDPN did not differ significantly regarding sociodemographic characteristics. However, a trend toward a worse...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Anxiety; Depressive symptoms; Diabetic neuropathy; Symmetric distal polyneuropathy; Psychiatric interview; Psychometric scales.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2007000200015

A newly designed intensive caregiver education program reduces cognitive impairment, anxiety, and depression in patients with acute ischemic stroke
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Zhang,Li; Zhang,Tianzhu; Sun,Yan.
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a newly designed intensive caregiver education program (ICEP) on reducing cognitive impairment, anxiety, and depression in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients. One hundred and ninety-six AIS patients were divided into ICEP group and Control group in a 1:1 ratio using blocked randomization method. In the ICEP group, the caregivers received ICEP, while in the Control group caregivers received usual education and guidance. All patients received conventional rehabilitation treatment. Cognitive impairment (assessed by Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score), anxiety (assessed by Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)-A score and Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS)...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Acute ischemic stroke; Intensive caregiver education program; Cognitive impairment; Anxiety; Depression.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2019000900609

Behavioral effects of Bj-PRO-7a, a proline-rich oligopeptide from Bothrops jararaca venom
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Turones,L.C.; Cruz,K.R. da; Camargo-Silva,G.; Reis-Silva,L.L.; Graziani,D.; Ferreira,P.M.; Galdino,P.M.; Pedrino,G.R.; Santos,R.; Costa,E.A.; Ianzer,D.; Xavier,C.H.
The heptapeptide Bj-PRO-7a, isolated and identified from Bothrops jararaca (Bj) venom, produces antihypertensive and other cardiovascular effects that are independent on angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition, possibly relying on cholinergic muscarinic receptors subtype 1 (M1R). However, whether Bj-PRO-7a acts upon the central nervous system and modifies behavior is yet to be determined. Therefore, the aims of this study were: i) to assess the effects of acute administration of Bj-PRO-7a upon behavior; ii) to reveal mechanisms involved in the effects of Bj-PRO-7a upon locomotion/exploration, anxiety, and depression-like behaviors. For this purpose, adult male Wistar (WT, wild type) and spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) received intraperitoneal...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bj-PRO-7a; Snake venom; Neuroactive compounds; Anxiety; Depression; Behavior.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2019001100606

The relationship between anxiety and depression in animal models: a study using the forced swimming test and elevated plus-maze
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Andreatini,R.; Bacellar,L.F.S.
The present study evaluated the correlation between the behavior of mice in the forced swimming test (FST) and in the elevated plus-maze (PM). The effect of the order of the experiments, i.e., the influence of the first test (FST or PM) on mouse behavior in the second test (PM or FST, respectively) was compared to handled animals (HAND). The execution of FST one week before the plus-maze (FST-PM, N = 10), in comparison to mice that were only handled (HAND-PM, N = 10) in week 1, decreased % open entries (HAND-PM: 33.6 ± 2.9; FST-PM: 20.0 ± 3.9; mean ± SEM; P&amp;lt;0.02) and % open time (HAND-PM: 18.9 ± 3.3; FST-PM: 9.0 ± 1.9; P&amp;lt;0.03), suggesting an anxiogenic effect. No significant effect was seen in the number of closed arm entries (FST-PM: 9.5...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Anxiety; Depression; Comorbidity; Animal models.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1999000900011

Anxiolytic effects of repeated treatment with an essential oil from Lippia alba and (R)-(-)-carvone in the elevated T-maze
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Hatano,V.Y.; Torricelli,A.S.; Giassi,A.C.C.; Coslope,L.A.; Viana,M.B.
Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E. Brown (Verbenaceae) is widely used in different regions of Central and South America as a tranquilizer. The plant’s anxiolytic properties, however, merit investigation. The present study evaluated the effects of repeated daily (14 days) intraperitoneal (ip) treatment with an essential oil (EO) from a chemotype of L. alba (LA, chemotype II, 12.5 and 25 mg/kg; N = 6-8) and (R)-(-)-carvone (25 mg/kg; N = 8-12), the main constituent of this chemotype, on male Wistar rats (weighing 250 g at the beginning of the experiments) submitted to the elevated T-maze (ETM). The ETM allows the measurement of two defensive responses: inhibitory avoidance and one-way escape. In terms of psychopathology, these responses have been related to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Lippia alba; Essential oil; Carvone; Anxiety; Elevated T-maze.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2012000300009

Comparison of voluntary ethanol intake by two pairs of rat lines used as genetic models of anxiety
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Da Silva,G.E.; Ramos,A.; Takahashi,R.N.
The relationship between anxiety-related behaviors and voluntary ethanol intake was examined in two pairs of rat lines by the oral ethanol self-administration procedure. Floripa high (H) and low (L) rats selectively bred for contrasting anxiety responses in the open-field test, and two inbred strains, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Lewis rats which are known to differ significantly when submitted to several behavioral tests of anxiety/emotionality, were used (9-10 animals/line/sex). No differences in the choice of ethanol solutions (2%, days 1-4, and 4%, days 5-8, respectively) in a 2-bottle paradigm were detected between Floripa H and L rats (1.94 ± 0.37 vs 1.61 ± 0.37 g/kg for ethanol intake on day 8 by the Floripa H and L rat lines,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Anxiety; Ethanol intake; Spontaneously hypertensive rats; Lewis; Selected lines; Inbred strains.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2004001000010

The relationship between salivary cortisol concentrations and anxiety in adolescent and non-adolescent pregnant women
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Rondó,P.H.C.; Vaz,A.J.; Moraes,F.; Tomkins,A.
The main purpose of the present study was to determine the relationship between salivary cortisol concentrations and self-report anxiety in 50 adolescent and 178 non-adolescent women during the last month of pregnancy. The subjects were randomly selected from a previous study involving women who attended antenatal care from September 1997 to August 2000 at 17 health services in Southeast Brazil. Salivary cortisol was measured with an enzyme immunoassay kit, and anxiety was assessed by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventories (STAI) of Spielberger. After saliva collection, the participants completed the STAI. Mean concentrations of cortisol for both pregnant adolescents (14.17 ± 6.78 nmol/l) and non-adolescents (13.81 ± 8.51 nmol/l) were similar (P = 0.89)....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Anxiety; Salivary cortisol; Pregnant adolescents; State Anxiety Inventory.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2004000900016

Pharmacology of human experimental anxiety
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Graeff,F.G.; Parente,A.; Del-Ben,C.M.; Guimarães,F.S.
This review covers the effect of drugs affecting anxiety using four psychological procedures for inducing experimental anxiety applied to healthy volunteers and patients with anxiety disorders. The first is aversive conditioning of the skin conductance responses to tones. The second is simulated public speaking, which consists of speaking in front of a video camera, with anxiety being measured with psychometric scales. The third is the Stroop Color-Word test, in which words naming colors are painted in the same or in a different shade, the incongruence generating a cognitive conflict. The last test is a human version of a thoroughly studied animal model of anxiety, fear-potentiated startle, in which the eye-blink reflex to a loud noise is recorded. The...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Anxiety; Experimental anxiety; Humans; Anxiolytic drugs; Anxiety disorders.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2003000400003

On the relationships between ultrasonic calling and anxiety-related behavior in rats
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Schwarting,R.K.W.; Wöhr,M.
In the present review, the phenomenon of ultrasonic vocalization in rats will be outlined, including the three classes of vocalizations, namely 40-kHz calls of pups, and 22- and 50-kHz calls of juvenile and adult rats, their general relevance to behavioral neuroscience, and their special relevance to research on anxiety, fear, and defense mechanisms. Here, the emphasis will be placed on 40- and 22-kHz calls, since they are typical for various situations with aversive properties. Among other topics, we will discuss whether such behavioral signals can index a certain affective state, and how these signals can be used in social neuroscience, especially with respect to communication. Furthermore, we will address the phenomenon of inter-individual variability...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ultrasonic vocalization; Anxiety; Fear; Communication; Social behavior.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2012000400008

The interaction of housing condition and acute immobilization stress on the elevated plus-maze behaviors of protein-malnourished rats
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Françolin-Silva,A.L.; Almeida,S.S.
Protein malnutrition induces structural, neurochemical and functional alterations in the central nervous system, leading to behavioral alterations. In the present study, we used the elevated plus-maze (EPM) as a measure of anxiety to evaluate the interaction between acute immobilization and housing conditions on the behavior of malnourished rats. Pups (6 males and 2 females) were fed by Wistar lactating dams receiving a 6% (undernourished) or 16% (well-nourished) protein diet. After weaning, the animals continued to receive the same diets ad libitum until 49 days of age when they started to receive a regular lab chow diet. From weaning to the end of the tests on day 70, the animals were housed under two different conditions, i.e., individual or in groups...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Postnatal protein malnutrition; Elevated plus-maze; Acute immobilization; Housing conditions; Anxiety.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2004000700013

The brain decade in debate: II. Panic or anxiety? From animal models to a neurobiological basis
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Andreatini,R.; Blanchard,C.; Blanchard,R.; Brandão,M.L.; Carobrez,A.P.; Griebel,G.; Guimarães,F.S.; Handley,S.L.; Jenck,F.; Leite,J.R.; Rodgers,J.; Schenberg,L.C.; Da Cunha,C.; Graeff,F.G.
This article is a transcription of an electronic symposium sponsored by the Brazilian Society of Neuroscience and Behavior (SBNeC). Invited researchers from the European Union, North America and Brazil discussed two issues on anxiety, namely whether panic is a very intense anxiety or something else, and what aspects of clinical anxiety are reproduced by animal models. Concerning the first issue, most participants agreed that generalized anxiety and panic disorder are different on the basis of clinical manifestations, drug response and animal models. Also, underlying brain structures, neurotransmitter modulation and hormonal changes seem to involve important differences. It is also common knowledge that existing animal models generate different types of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Panic; Anxiety; Fear; Anxiolytics; 5-HT; Benzodiazepines; Serotonin; Amygdala; Periaqueductal gray matter; Animal models.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2001000200001

Effect of Erythrina velutina and Erythrina mulungu in rats submitted to animal models of anxiety and depression
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Ribeiro,M.D.; Onusic,G.M.; Poltronieri,S.C.; Viana,M.B.
Erythrina velutina (EV) and Erythrina mulungu (EM), popularly used in Brazil as tranquilizing agents, were studied. The effects of acute and chronic oral treatment with a water:alcohol extract of EV (7:3, plant grounded stem bark; acute = 100, 200, 400 mg/kg; chronic = 50, 100, 200 mg/kg) were evaluated in rats (N = 11-12) submitted to the elevated T-maze (for avoidance and escape measurements) model of anxiety. This model was selected for its presumed capacity to elicit specific subtypes of anxiety disorders recognized in clinical practice: avoidance has been related to generalized anxiety and escape to panic. Additionally, animals were treated with the same doses of EV and EM (water:alcohol 7:3, inflorescence extract) and submitted to the forced swim...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Erythrina velutina; Erythrina mulungu; Elevated T-maze test; Forced swim test; Anxiety; Depression.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2006000200013

Sleep patterns and sleep-related complaints of Brazilian interstate bus drivers
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Mello,M.T.; Santana,M.G.; Souza,L.M.; Oliveira,P.C.S.; Ventura,M.L.; Stampi,C.; Tufik,S.
Sleep-related complaints have become a highlight for physicians as well as public health administrators. Studies of sleep patterns and sleep-related complaints of shift workers have been useful in minimizing reduction in the quality of life due to the warping of the sleep-wake cycle. The objective of the present study was to assess patterns of sleep, sleep-related complaints as well as physical activity and scoring rates for depression and anxiety in interstate bus drivers. Data were obtained with a sleep questionnaire, with the Beck inventory for depression, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). A total of 400 interstate bus drivers from the northern, southern, central-western and south-eastern regions of Brazil were interviewed. Sixty percent of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Sleep; Sleep-related disorders; Shift workers; Depression; Anxiety; Physical activity.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2000000100010