Consulta: subjectFacets:"Azaspiracids"
Registros recuperados: 8
Data/hora: 10/06/2024 15:02:27

A mussel (Mytilus edulis) tissue certified reference material for the marine biotoxins azaspiracids
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mccarron, Pearse; Giddings, Sabrina D.; Reeves, Kelley L.; Hess, Philipp; Quilliam, Michael A.
Azaspiracids (AZAs) are lipophilic biotoxins produced by marine algae that can contaminate shellfish and cause human illness. The European Union (EU) regulates the level of AZAs in shellfish destined for the commercial market, with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) being used as the official reference method for regulatory analysis. Certified reference materials (CRMs) are essential tools for the development, validation, and quality control of LC-MS methods. This paper describes the work that went into the planning, preparation, characterization, and certification of CRM-AZA-Mus, a tissue matrix CRM, which was prepared as a wet homogenate from mussels (Mytilus edulis) naturally contaminated with AZAs. The homogeneity and stability of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Azaspiracids; Seafood safety; Matrix certified reference material; Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; Matrix effects.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00320/43138/42761.pdf

Morphological and Molecular Characterisation of Three New Azadinium Species (Amphidomataceae, Dinophyceae) from the Irminger Sea
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Tillmann, Urban; Gottschling, Marc; Nezan, Elisabeth; Krock, Bernd; Bilien, Gwenael.
Some species of the planktonic dinoflagellate genus Azadinium produce azaspiracids (AZAs), a group of lipophilic phycotoxins causing human poisoning after mussel consumption. We describe three new species from the North Atlantic, all of which shared the same Kofoidean plate pattern characteristic for Azadinium: Po, cp, X, 4′, 3a, 6′́, 6 C, 5S, 6′́́, 2′́́́. Azadinium trinitatum sp. nov. was mainly characterized by the presence of an antapical spine and by the position of the ventral pore at the left distal end of the pore plate in a cavity of Plate 1′ Plate 1. Azadinium cuneatum sp. nov. had a conspicuously formed first apical plate, which was asymmetrically elongated and tapered on its left lateral side with a ventral pore located at the tip of this...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Azadinium; Azaspiracids; Irminger Sea; Iceland; New species.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00188/29917/28382.pdf

Écophysiologie des dinoflagellés du genre Azadinium, production toxinique et transfert trophique vers les mollusques bivalves
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Jauffrais, Thierry.
This study has been conducted in order to develop the analysis of AZAs and to produce AZAs from A. spinosum culture. It also aimed at studying the effect of environmental and nutritional factors on growth and toxin production. The study also demonstrated a link between A. spinosum and the accumulation of AZAs in shellfish, followed by the clarification of the processes of accumulation, detoxification and biotransformation of AZAs into mussels. A quantitative analysis of AZAs in A. spinosum cultures was developed, and the formation and structure of the AZA methylated analogues was explained and minimised. This work also demonstrated the feasibility of a sustainable production of AZAs from A. spinosum culture and highlighted the main factors influencing...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Azadinium spinosum; Mytilus edulis; Azaspiracides; Phycotoxines; Dinoflagellés; Écophysiologie; CL-SM/SM; Azadinium spinosum; Mytilus edulis; Azaspiracids; Phycotoxins; Dinoflagellate; Ecophysiology; LC-MS/MS.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00111/22217/19891.pdf

First records of Amphidoma languida and Azadinium dexteroporum (Amphidomataceae, Dinophyceae) from the Irminger Sea off Iceland
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Tillmann, Urban; Gottschling, Marc; Nézan, Elisabeth; Krock, Bernd.
Species of dinophycean Amphidomataceae are producers of phycotoxins classified as azaspiracids. We provide the first records of two of their constituent species, Amphidoma languida and Azadinium dexteroporum, for the Irminger Sea off Iceland. Morphological examination and molecular characterization, including uncorrected mean pairwise distances between sequences of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS), doubtlessly assigned the sub-Arctic strain 2A11 to the reference of Amphidoma languida. Strain 2A11 produced AZA-38 and AZA-39, corresponding to the toxin profile described for the type material. The sub-Arctic isolate 1D12 differed significantly in terms of ITS genetic distance (p = 0.04) from a Mediterranean Azadinium dexteroporum strain, but our...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Azadinium; Amphidoma; Azaspiracids; Irminger Sea.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00667/77913/80095.pdf

Azaspiracids Increase Mitochondrial Dehydrogenases Activity in Hepatocytes: Involvement of Potassium and Chloride Ions
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pelin, Marco; Kilcoyne, Jane; Florio, Chiara; Hess, Philipp; Tubaro, Aurelia; Sosa, Silvio.
Background: Azaspiracids (AZAs) are marine toxins that are produced by Azadinium and Amphidoma dinoflagellates that can contaminate edible shellfish inducing a foodborne poisoning in humans, which is characterized by gastrointestinal symptoms. Among these, AZA1, -2, and -3 are regulated in the European Union, being the most important in terms of occurrence and toxicity. In vivo studies in mice showed that, in addition to gastrointestinal effects, AZA1 induces liver alterations that are visible as a swollen organ, with the presence of hepatocellular fat droplets and vacuoles. Hence, an in vitro study was carried out to investigate the effects of AZA1, -2, and -3 on liver cells, using human non-tumor IHH hepatocytes. Results: The exposure of IHH cells to...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Azaspiracids; Hepatocytes; Mitochondrial activity; Mechanism of toxicity.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00494/60526/63989.pdf

First record of the genus Azadinium (Dinophyceae) from the Shetland Islands, including the description of Azadinium polongum sp. nov.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Tillmann, Urban; Soehner, Sylvia; Nezan, Elisabeth; Krock, Bernd.
Azadinium is a dinophycean genus capable of producing azaspiracids (AZAs), a recently discovered group of lipophilic phycotoxins causing human intoxication via mussel consumption. Although initially described from the North Sea, the genus currently consisting of four described species is probably distributed worldwide. Here we report on Azadinium from the Shetland Islands, which are located in the northernmost part of the North Sea and are largely influenced by the Atlantic Ocean. Two strains of Azadinium were isolated from a single water sample. One strain was identified as Azadinium spinosum based on morphology and sequence data and had an AZA cell quota of about 20 fg per cell, similar to all other described strains of the species. The toxin profile...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Azadinium; Azaspiracids; New species; Shetland Islands.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00108/21963/20691.pdf

Azaspiracid Toxins: Toxicological Profile
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Hess, Philipp; Twiner, Michael J; Kilcoyne, Jane; Sosa, Sylvio.
Azaspiracids (AZAs) are a toxin group that originate from marine dinoflagellates of the genera Azadinium and Amphidoma. After accumulation of these toxins in edible marine organisms and their subsequent consumption, humans develop a gastrointestinal syndrome referred to as azaspiracid shellfish poisoning (AZP). This syndrome is very similar to diarrheic shellfish poisoning (DSP), with main symptoms appearing after a few hours from consumption and including diarrhea, vomiting, and stomach cramps. Due to extensive metabolism in shellfish, more than 30 analogues have been reported to date, and purified compounds for selected analogues have recently been made available for toxicological studies. Currently, only AZA1, AZA2, and AZA3 are regulated in Europe and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Azaspiracids; Azaspiracid shellfish poisoning; Harmful algae; Azadinium; Shellfish.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00320/43146/42744.pdf

The role of Azadinium spinosum (Dinophyceae) in the production of azaspiracid shellfish poisoning in mussels
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Salas, Rafael; Tillmann, Urban; John, Uwe; Kilcoyne, Jane; Burson, Amanda; Cantwell, Caoimhe; Hess, Philipp; Jauffrais, Thierry; Silke, Joe.
Azaspiracids (AZAs) are a group of lipophilic polyether compounds first detected in Ireland which have been implicated in shellfish poisoning incidents around Europe. These toxins regularly effect shellfish mariculture operations including protracted closures of shellfish harvesting areas for human consumption. The armoured dinoflagellate Azadinium spinosum Elbrachter et Tillmann gen. et sp. nov. (Dinophyceae) has been described as the de novo azaspiracid toxin producer; nonetheless the link between this organism and AZA toxin accumulation in shellfish has not yet been established. In August 2009, shellfish samples of blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) from the Southwest of Ireland were analysed using liquid chromatography-tandem-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Azaspiracids; AZP; AZA toxins; Biodeposits; Dinoflagellates; Feeding experiment; Ireland; LC-MS/MS; Mussels; Phylogeny; Taxonomy.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00049/16049/15836.pdf