Consulta: subjectFacets:"Bioassays"
Registros recuperados: 35
Data/hora: 05/06/2024 14:34:42

Incidencia de nemátodos entomopatógenos en áreas cañeras de Veracruz y su interacción con el barrenador de la caña de azúcar Diatraea saccharalis.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Grifaldo Alcántara, Pedro Fabián.
Nematodos entomopatógenos fueron colectados con el método de insectos cebo usando larvas de Galleria mellonella, en áreas de caña de azúcar en el municipio de Paso del Macho, Veracruz, México. Se obtuvieron tres aislamientos (MTB-P7-P9), los cuales fueron identificados como la misma especie por estudios morfológicos, morfométricos de las diferentes etapas de desarrollo, y por la caracterización filogenética y secuencias parciales de la región ITS del ADNr. El nematodo se encuentra taxonómicamente cercano a Steinernema riobrave y esta filogenéticamente relacionado con el grupo IV (bicornutum-certaophorum-riobrave), grupo caracterizado por la presencia de proyecciones “tipo cuernos” en la región de la cabeza de los juveniles infectivos (JI). Steinernema...
Palavras-chave: Bioensayos; Descripción; ITS-ADNr; Morfología; Morfométria; Nematodos entomopatógenos; Taxonomía; Bioassays; Nematodes; Entomopathogenic; Maestría; Entomología y Acarología.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/384

Incidencia de nemátodos entomopatógenos en áreas cañeras de Veracruz y su interacción con el barrenador de la caña de azúcar Diatraea saccharalis.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Grifaldo Alcántara, Pedro Fabián.
Nematodos entomopatógenos fueron colectados con el método de insectos cebo usando larvas de Galleria mellonella, en áreas de caña de azúcar en el municipio de Paso del Macho, Veracruz, México. Se obtuvieron tres aislamientos (MTB-P7-P9), los cuales fueron identificados como la misma especie por estudios morfológicos, morfométricos de las diferentes etapas de desarrollo, y por la caracterización filogenética y secuencias parciales de la región ITS del ADNr. El nematodo se encuentra taxonómicamente cercano a Steinernema riobrave y esta filogenéticamente relacionado con el grupo IV (bicornutum-certaophorum-riobrave), grupo caracterizado por la presencia de proyecciones “tipo cuernos” en la región de la cabeza de los juveniles infectivos (JI). Steinernema...
Palavras-chave: Bioensayos; Descripción; ITS-ADNr; Morfología; Morfométria; Nematodos entomopatógenos; Taxonomía; Bioassays; Nematodes; Entomopathogenic; Maestría; Entomología y Acarología.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/384

Bioensaios de toxicidade genética com Tradescantia.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: RODRIGUES, G. S.
Resumo: Dentre a variedade de bioensaios disponíveis para estudos de detecção e monitoração dos efeitos tóxicos genéticos de substâncias e ambientes contaminados, os bioensaios que empregam a planta Tradescantia destacam-se pela sensibilidade e facilidade de realização de estudos de curto prazo in situ. Este trabalho apresenta uma revisão extensiva dos estudos de mutagênese ambiental empregando Tradescantia como bioindicador, e é complementado com resultados experimentais e indicações metodológicas.
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Bioensaio; Toxidez; Mutação; Agrotóxico; Tradescantia; Bioassays; Mutagenesis; Genotoxicity; Pesticides.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1051547

Bioensaios de toxicidade genética com plantas superiores Tradescantia (MCN e SHM), milho e soja.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: RODRIGUES, G. S.
A avaliação da toxicidade genética presente em certas situações ambientais e de compostos selecionados é uma área de crescente interesse em ecotoxicologia. Neste trabalho, são descritos quatro bioensaios vegetais de interesse para avaliação de genotoxicidade in situ em ambientes agrícolas. O ensaio do micronúcleo em célula mãe do pólen de Tradescantia (Trad-MCN) é um teste de clastogênese extremamente sensível, de exposição curta (desde apenas 6 horas) e avaliação simples. O ensaio do pelo estaminal (Trad-SHM) B um teste de mutação pontual, no qual se observa alteração de cor nas células do estame. A avaliação é simples, mas laboriosa. O bioensaio do pólen ceroso em milho tem como principal vantagem a sua potência estatística, já que, literalmente,...
Tipo: Folhetos
Palavras-chave: Toxicidade; Ecotoxicologia; Bioensaio; Monitoramento ambiental; Pesticide; Soybean; Agrotóxico; Milho; Soja; Mutação; Toxidez; Genética; Environmental impact; Mutagenesis; Tradescantia; Corn; Bioassays.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/964416

Methods for microbial biomass, community structure and metabolic activities on surfaces.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: White, D.
Microbes in nature are often concentrated on surfaces where they exist in microcolonies of mixed composition. The assay of these mixed microbial consortia by utilizing biochemical components eliminates the problems associated with cultural selectivity of viable counts or the requirement for quantitative release from surfaces required in some microscopic techniques. The assay of cellular components restricted to subsets of the microbial community gives insights into the community structure of the biofilm whereas assay of cellular components common to all cells can be used for biomass estimations. Formation of endogenous storage materials can be utilized as measures of nutritional status and rates of formation or turnover of specific "signatures" from...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bacteria; Fouling; Bioassays; Metabolism; Surfaces; Bacteria collecting devices; Culture media; Microbiological analysis.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1984/acte-963.pdf

Innovative rapid solid-phase immunobead assay for the detection of okadaic acid and related DSP toxins in shellfish
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Park, D; Fremy, J; Marcaillou, L; Gamboa, P; Gleizes, E; Masselin, P; Goldsmith, C.
The solid-phase immunobead assay (Ciguatect super(TM)) has been optimized to detect toxins associated with diarrheic shellfish poisoning (DSP). The Ciguatect super(TM) test kit utilizes a membrane to bind the toxins and a monoclonal antibody-latex bead solution as the determination step. The presence or absence of okadaic acid (OA) and related toxins is determined by binding the toxins to a membrane attached to a plastic strip and exposing the toxins ladened membrane to a monoclonal antibody-colored latex bead complex which has a high specificity for OA and related polyether compounds. The intensity of the color on the membrane denotes the presence of the toxins. A rapid extraction method (REM super(TM)) has been developed to allow for confirmation of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Dinophysis; Bivalvia; Algae; Marine molluscs; Immunology; Bioassays; Disease detection; Biological poisons; Shellfish.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1604.pdf

Integrated monitoring of chemicals and their effects on four sentinel species, Limanda limanda, Platichthys flesus, Nucella lapillus and Mytilus sp, in Seine Bay: A key step towards applying biological effects to monitoring
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Burgeot, Thierry; Akcha, Farida; Menard, Dominique; Robinson, Craig; Loizeau, Veronique; Brach-papa, Christophe; Martinez-gomez, Concepcion; Le Goff, Jeremie; Budzinski, Helene; Le Menach, Karine; Cachot, Jerome; Minier, Christophe; Broeg, Katja; Hylland, Ketil.
The International workshop on Integrated Assessment of CONtaminants impacts on the North sea (ICON) provided a framework to validate the application of chemical and biological interpretation thresholds (BACs and EACs) in the Seine Bay in France. Bioassays (oyster larval anomalies, Corophium arenarium toxicity assay and DR Calux) for sediment and biomarkers: ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, lysosomal membrane stability (LMS), DNA strand breaks using the comet assay, DNA adducts, micronucleus (MN), PAH metabolites, intersex and fish external pathologies were analyzed in four marine sentinel species (Platichthys flesus, Limanda limanda, Mytilus sp. and Nucella lapilus). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Biomarkers; Bioassays; Chemical contamination; Integrated monitoring in chemistry and biology; Local study; Large geographical scale.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00357/46789/46655.pdf

Requirements for screening and confirmatory methods for the detection and quantification of marine biotoxins in end-product and official control
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Hess, Philipp.
An overview is given of the biological origin of phycotoxins, as well as their chemical characteristics. Major poisoning types are described and examples of poisoning events are given to illustrate the importance of the phenomenon to both shellfish consumers and the shellfish producing industry. The characteristics of phycotoxins as natural products, the lack of predictability of their occurrence, economic drivers and the freshness of shellfish consumed in many countries result in a number of requirements for methods to be used in the efficient detection of these compounds. Subsequently, the performance of mouse bioassays and mass spectrometry as detection tools are compared for examples from Irish and French monitoring programmes to assess the usefulness...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bioanalytical methods; Bioassays; Mass spectrometry; Liquid chromatography; Biological samples.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00006/11767/8989.pdf

Viral contamination and depuration of oysters under field conditions
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Boher, S; Piclet, Guy; Beril-stien, S; Masson, Daniel; Delonce, R; Biziagos, E; Schwartzbrod, L.
Shellfish consumption is clearly associated with the transmission of enteric viruses. The channel of transmission of enteric viruses to human beings could be decreased particularly if the systems of depuration of shellfish were optimized, standardized and if their viral efficiency was controlled. The purpose of this work was to study the contamination of oysters and to assess the efficiency of several depuration processes. Our study have demonstrated that in some cases, 50% of oysters samples contain enteric viruses or H.A.V. antigen and the quantities of viruses range from 17 to 246 FF for the rotaviruses and from 124 to 200 for the enteroviruses per 100 g of tissue. According to our results, the exclusive use of a bacteriological criterium to determine...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Rotavirus; Hepatitis A virus; Enterovirus; Crassostrea gigas; Bivalvia; Seafood; Bioassays; Cell culture; Viruses; Self purification; Viral diseases; Shellfish.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/1992/acte-1615.pdf

Phytoplankton phosphorus limitation in a North Atlantic coastal ecosystem not predicted by nutrient load
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Trommer, Gabriele; Leynaert, Aude; Klein, Cecile; Naegelen, Aurore; Beker, Beatriz.
Phytoplankton nutrient limitation patterns were investigated in an anthropogenically influenced coastal ecosystem with a high nutrient load. Weekly nutrient limitation bioassays, and water chemistry and stoichiometry measurements were performed in the Bay of Brest, France, from February to July 2011. Each limitation bioassay included phosphorus, nitrogen, silicate and all possible combined nutrient additions, and lasted over 72 h. Results showed that the phytoplankton community experienced a general P limitation from March to July. N limitation alone was observed only during 1 week in early March. Subsequently, all limitation bioassays revealed primary P limitation, indicated by significantly increased growth rates in all samples containing P additions....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Phytoplankton; Stoichiometry; Bioassays; Nutrient limitation; Coastal ecosystem.
Ano: 2013
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00368/47947/48023.pdf

The toxicity of composted sediments from Mediterranean ports evaluated by several bioassays
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mamindy-pajany, Yannick; Hamer, Bojan; Romeo, Michele; Geret, Florence; Galgani, Francois; Durmisi, Emina; Hurel, Charlotte; Marmier, Nicolas.
This work investigates the ecotoxicological evaluation of contaminated dredged sediments from French Mediterranean navy harbour (A), commercial port (B) and two composite specimens (C) and (D) coming from the mixture of A and B with other port sediments. The toxicity of elutriates from these sediments is estimated using embryo-toxicity test. Microtox (R) solid phase test, LuminoTox, phytotoxicity tests and genotoxicity test. Bioassay responses are not clearly correlated with chemical contamination in the whole sediment and vary as a function of tested organisms. The highest contaminated samples (A and C) are almost always more toxic than the less contaminated samples (B and D). Among composite sediments, the mixture effect with other sediments is not...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bioassays; Dredged port sediments; Phytotoxicity; Microtox (R) solid phase; Embryo-toxicity test; Genotoxicity.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00031/14262/12284.pdf

Mixtures of Chemical Pollutants at European Legislation Safety Concentrations: How Safe Are They?
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Carvalho, Raquel N.; Arukwe, Augustine; Ait-aissa, Selim; Bado-nilles, Anne; Balzamo, Stefania; Baun, Anders; Belkin, Shimshon; Blaha, Ludek; Brion, Francois; Conti, Daniela; Creusot, Nicolas; Essig, Yona; Ferrero, Valentina E. V.; Flander-putrle, Vesna; Furhacker, Maria; Grillari-voglauer, Regina; Hogstrand, Christer; Jonas, Adam; Kharlyngdoh, Joubert B.; Loos, Robert; Lundebye, Anne-katrine; Modig, Carina; Olsson, Per-erik; Pillai, Smitha; Polak, Natasa; Potalivo, Monica; Sanchez, Wilfried; Schifferli, Andrea; Schirmer, Kristin; Sforzini, Susanna; Sturzenbaum, Stephen R.; Softeland, Liv; Turk, Valentina; Viarengo, Aldo; Werner, Inge; Yagur-kroll, Sharon; Zounkova, Radka; Lettieri, Teresa.
The risk posed by complex chemical mixtures in the environment to wildlife and humans is increasingly debated, but has been rarely tested under environmentally relevant scenarios. To address this issue, two mixtures of 14 or 19 substances of concern (pesticides, pharmaceuticals, heavy metals, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, a surfactant, and a plasticizer), each present at its safety limit concentration imposed by the European legislation, were prepared and tested for their toxic effects. The effects of the mixtures were assessed in 35 bioassays, based on 11 organisms representing different trophic levels. A consortium of 16 laboratories was involved in performing the bioassays. The mixtures elicited quantifiable toxic effects on some of the test systems...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Bioassays; Effects; Mixtures; Ecotoxicology; Biomarkers.
Ano: 2014
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00499/61115/64667.pdf

Inhibición del crecimiento de chlamydomonas sp. por la sal isopropilamina de n-(fosfonometil)glicina
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Albarracín, I.; Pío, G.; Salomón, R.; Cravero, M.
Los bioensayos con microalgas como bioindicadores de ecotoxicidad son útiles para evaluar el impacto ambiental provocado por las descargas de productos químicos y el vertido de efluentes. Siendo el fitoplancton el primer eslabón de la cadena trófica en los ecosistemas acuáticos, cualquier alteración de la composición de la comunidad microalgal, producto de estrés toxicológico, modifica la estructura y la función de todo el sistema. El Río Chubut, en Argentina, abastece de agua a varias localidades; se utiliza para el riego de superficies cultivadas y la generación de energía eléctrica. Su curso puede recibir filtraciones, impactando en la calidad higiénico-sanitaria de sus aguas. En el Valle Inferior del río Chubut (VIRCH) se utilizan diversos pesticidas...
Tipo: Preprint
Palavras-chave: Bioassays; Bioassays; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15731.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/3640

Toxicidad de residuales líquidos de un central azucarero sobre la langosta espinosa Panulirus argus, Latreille, 1804
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Suárez, G.; Romero, T.; Perigo, E.
1 The waste waters of the sugar industry, have constituted the main organic focuses of pollution of the Cuban coastal waters, during the years 1958 to 1991 worked around 160 sugar mill factories with a production average between 3,5 and 8,0 million metric ton sugar cane. During the last years this industry sensibly diminished its activity being considered the production of residual in 70 %, only working 25 % of the factories installed in Cuba, implying certain reduction of the sea impact. This report tries to interpret by means of toxicity bioassays the effects of waste waters of this industry on the survival of the spiny lobster Panulirus argus. Being that the values of LC50 were of 6,7; 5,6; 3,2 and 2,7 % for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h to the contact of...
Tipo: Preprint
Palavras-chave: Bioassays; Bioassays; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15731.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/3539

Aplicación estadística en los bioensayos de toxicidad con sedimentos extraído del Estero Salado, canal de acceso al Puerto Marítimo de Guayaquil
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Villamar, F.
With the purpose of proving and determining in a short term the impact of the dredged material that can be caused by the organisms that inhabit the marine-estuary ecosystem, was performed toxicity bioassay of the sediment extracted from the bottom of the Salado Estuary. This sediment obstructs the access channels of the Marítime Port of Guayaquil. For this bioassay, was used white shrimp larvae of the species Litopenaeus vannamei, a commercially important organism that depends for its food on the organic detritus coming from the sediment and the column of estuary water in the studied area. The results obtained were analyzed applying the graphic arithmetic method and statistical analysis, through which it was determined that there is a direct relation...
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Bioassays; Toxicity; Marine organisms; Sediments; Statistical analysis; Kurtosis; Dredged samples; Bioassays; Toxicity; Statistical analysis; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15731; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7826; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7378.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/2257

Los Bioensayos de Toxicidad en Sedimentos Marinos
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Carballo Hondal, O.; Arencibia Carballo, G.; Concepción, J.; Isla Molleda, M.
Many organic and in organic contaminants originated from human activities are deposited and concentrated in aquatic sediments. The purpose of this review article is to analyze and discuss, the objectives, procedures and applications of bioassays on the triad of marine sediments, aiming at a reflection on the possibility of implementing regulations on the environmental monitoring of these studies in our country, so as to improve the environmental quality and its management on coastal zones. The main objective is to highlight the understanding of the adequate application and interpretation of bioassays. A summary of reports is presented, knowledge and analysis concerning marine sediments including, the chemical analysis, the direct determination of...
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Toxicity; Sediments; Bioassays; Toxicity; Bioassays; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7826; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15731.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/3670

Comparación experimental de las cepas colombianas de Artemia (Galerazamba, Manaure y Pozos Colorados)
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Newmark-Umbreit, F.
Se examinaron en el laboratorio las influencias de la densidad de siembra y la salinidad en la producción de biomasa, el crecimiento y la madurez sexual de cepas Colombianas de Anemia.  Los resultados indican (P&lt;0.05) que cuando se combinan densidades de siembra bajas (10 na up I ios/1 ¡tro) y salinidades de 130°/oo, se incrementa el crecimiento, la madurez sexual, y la producción de biomasa de las tres cepas estudiadas. La cepa de Galerazamba se apartó un poco de dicho comportamiento al presentar producciones importantes de biomasa y de hembras maduras sexualmentea salinidades de 130°/ooy densidades de 50 nauplios/litro. Finalmente, con base en las diferencias biométricas y el comportamiento del cultivo experimental, se concluye que la cepa de...
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Interspecific relationships; Marine crustaceans; Carcinology; Bioassays; Salinity effects; Biomass; Density; Bioassays; Biomass; Density; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15731; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_926; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_2186.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/3888

Bioensayo para calcular el CL50 del dispersante de petróleo BP 1100-WD con larvas de camarón Penaeus vannamei
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Villamar, F.
En el presente estudio se realiza un bioensayo para determinar el grado de concentración media letal del dispersante de petróleo BP 1100-WD, utilizando organismos vivos en condiciones de laboratorio. Se describe el método estadístico de Bliss. En definitiva el propósito de realizar bioensayos es la de comparar la toxicidad de diferentes compuestos y conocer la sensibilidad de las diversas especies, para determinar los mecanismos de los efectos de las sustancias ensayadas (Alcazar, 1988).
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Bioassays; Toxicity; Larvae; Shrimp fisheries; Bioassays; Toxicity; Larvae.
Ano: 1990
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/2164

Inhibición del crecimiento de Chlamydomonas sp. por la sal isopropilamina de N-(fosfonometil) glicina
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Albarracín,I.; Pío, G.; Salomón, R.; Cravero, M.
El hombre, en el afán de una agricultura más eficiente, permanentemente procura desarrollar productos plaguicidas, sin tener en cuenta que su uso indiscriminado provoca adaptaciones en plagas, tornándolas más resistentes. En el Valle Inferior del Río Chubut (VIRCH), provincia del Chubut, Argentina, los agricultores utilizan herbicidas organofosforados como el glifosato (sal isopropilamina del N-fosfonometil glicina), para el control de malezas en diversos cultivos, asumiendo el riesgo que implican las filtraciones en la calidad higiénico-sanitaria de sus aguas. Dado que las microalgas responden rápidamente a cambios ambientales debido a sus tiempos cortos de generación y a su papel como productores primarios en los ecosistemas acuáticos, se usan en ensayos...
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Bioassays; Toxicity.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/4629

Bioensayo de toxicidad (CL50) del dispersante de petróleo BP 1100 WD, con fitoplancton marino (Tetraselmis sp)
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Villamar, F.
El presente estudio se considera de carácter preliminar especialmente en lo referente al cálculo de la concentración media letal (CL50), de esta manera se evalúa el grado de toxicidad del dispersante de petróleo BP 1100 WD considerado como agente contaminante cuando se utiliza para dispersar manchas de petróleo regado en el mar. Con esta información se establece el impacto potencial que puede producir este dispersante en el medio ambiente marino.
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Bioassays; Toxicity; Phytoplankton; Dispersants; Pollution indicators; Toxicity; Phytoplankton; Dispersants.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/2191

Determinación de la toxicidad en dispersantes de petróleo mediante bioensayos para calcular el CL50
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Villamar, F.; Tapia, M.E.
Este tipo de experimentación se ha centrado en la estimación de la Concentracion Letal Media (CL50), que significa el cincuenta por ciento de organismos muertos en un tiempo determinado.
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Toxicity; Bioassays; Detergents; Mortality; Dispersants; Phytoplankton; Toxicity; Bioassays; Detergents; Phytoplankton; Mortality; Dispersants; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7826; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_15731; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_10349; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_13344; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_4945; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_32426.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/2319

The hydroid &lt;i&gt;Hydractinia echinata&lt;/i&gt; as a suitable bioassay species for low-reacting compounds
Provedor de dados: 27
Autores: Houvenaghel, G.T.
A bioassay with the hydroid &lt;i&gt;Hydractinia echinata&lt;/i&gt; was developed in order to assess the toxicity and environmental impact of low-reacting compounds like organosilicons or hydrocarbons. The hydroid's response to the toxicant was measured by the changes in its feeding rate. This technique is relatively easy to undertake, rapid, accurate, and not expensive.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bioassays; Hydractinia echinata (Fleming).
Ano: 1984
URL: http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=3266

Standardization of aquatic bioassays: compromises between biological and economical criteria
Provedor de dados: 27
Autores: Persoone, G.
A variety of ecotoxicological methods have been worked out and are described in the scientific literature to experimentally predict the impact of chemical substances on aquatic terrestrial biota. Only during recent years have serious efforts been made at both the national and international level to select a few bioassays which should be standardized for general applicability. The choice for a standard bioassay, of the test species as well as of the criterion to assess the dose-effect relationship is a matter of the compromises which one is willing to make between the factors ecological representativeness and sensitivity on one hand, and mangeability in the laboratory and cost of the test on the other hand. This assertion is demonstrated for the aquatic...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bioassays; Standardization.
Ano: 1980
URL: http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=3686

Effects of Corynespora cassiicola on Lantana camara
Provedor de dados: 87
Autores: Passos,J.L.; Barbosa,L.C.A.; Demuner,A.J.; Barreto,R.W.; King-Diaz,B.; Lotina-Hennsen,B.
The present study combines the examination of toxins produced by C. cassiicola and the effects of the fungus colonization on L. camara. C. cassiicola was cultivated on solid media and the crude extracts CAE and CE were produced. Both extracts were submitted to a seed germination and growth assay utilizing Physalis ixocarpa, Trifolium alexandrinum, Lolium multiflorum and Amaranthus hypochodriacus. The effect of the extracts on the ATP-synthesis in isolated spinach chloroplasts was also tested. Bioassay guided chromatographic fractionation identified the most active extract (CAE). From this extract ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one (C1) and fatty acids were isolated. The C1 compound reduce ATP synthesis in isolated spinach chloroplasts. The interference of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Allelopathy; Bioassays; Photosynthesis inhibitor; Phytotoxicity.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582010000200001

Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Effects of Macroptilium lathyroides
Provedor de dados: 87
Autores: SILVA,M.S.A.; YAMASHITA,O.M.; ROSSI,A.A.B.; CONCENÇO,G.; CARVALHO,M.A.C.; FELITO,R.A.
ABSTRACT: The monitoring of phytochemicals with potentially toxic properties can be assessed by observing the physiological and cellular alterations of the test organism exposed. This present study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of aqueous extracts of leaves and roots of Macroptilium lathyroides weed on the cell cycle of lettuce. Bioassays were conducted in a germinator (25 oC) with aqueous extract at concentrations of 0, 5, 10, 20 and 40% p v-1, obtained from fresh leaves and roots. For biological, lettuce root meristems were used for the preparation of slides using the technique of squashing. All blades were observed with an optical microscope at a magnitude of 400x. A total of 5,000 cells were analyzed for each treatment, and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Abnormalities; Bioassays; Cell division; Phasey bean; Mitotic index.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582018000100244

Rapid diagnosis of resistance to imidazolinone herbicides in barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) and control of resistant biotypes with alternative herbicides
Provedor de dados: 87
Autores: Matzenbacher,F.O.; Kalsing,A.; Menezes,V.G.; Barcelos,J.A.N.; Merotto Junior,A.
The resistance of barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) to imidazolinone herbicides is a worldwide problem in paddy fields. A rapid diagnosis is required for the selection of adequate prevention and control practices. The objectives of this study were to develop expedite bioassays to identify the resistance to imidazolinone herbicides in barnyardgrass and to evaluate the efficacy of alternative herbicides for the post-emergence control of resistant biotypes. Three experiments were conducted to develop methods for diagnosis of resistance to imazethapyr and imazapyr + imazapic in barnyardgrass at the seed, seedling and tiller stages, and to carry out a pot experiment to determine the efficacy of six herbicides applied at post-emergence in 13 biotypes of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bioassays; Imazethapyr; Imazapyr; Imazapic; Rice.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582013000300016

Selection for entomopathogenic fungi and LD50 of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. for the Lesser Mealworm Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Chernaki-Leffer,AM; Sosa-Gòmez,DR; Almeida,LM.
The pathogenicity of insect-pathogenic hyphomycetous isolates to the lesser mealworm Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) was tested in this study. Thirty isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin, Paecilomyces amoenoroseus (Hennings), P. fumosoroseus (Wize) Brown &amp;amp; Smith, P. lilacinus (Thom) Samson, P. tenuipes (Petch) Samson, Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin, and M. anisopliae var. acridum were initially screened by sprinkling dry conidia onto adult A. diaperinus or by allowing adults to walk on Petri dishes with sporulating fungal isolates. The two most virulent isolates, CNPSo-Ma352 (M. anisopliae) and CNPSo-Ma356 (M. anisopliae), killed 30% and 26.7% of the dry-conidia treated adults, respectively. These two isolates were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Alphitobius diaperinus; Bioassays; Biological control; Entomopathogenic fungi.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2007000300008

Effect of temperature and substrate moisture on group survival of Constrictotermes sp. (Isoptera: Termitidae) under laboratory conditions
Provedor de dados: 92
Autores: Ferreira,Dinamarta V.; Cruz,Joseane S.; Sacramento,Jailton J.M.; Rocha,Marcos Leandro C.; Cristaldo,Paulo F.; Araújo,Ana Paula A.
ABSTRACT Laboratory bioassays should be performed under appropriate conditions that minimize stress and promote greater longevity to tested animals. For social insects, for instance, the stress triggered by removal individuals from nests may result in changes in their survival and behavior. Here we analyzed the effects of variations of different combinations of temperature and substrate moisture (mL of water/g of nest substrate) on group survival of Constrictotermes sp. (Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae). In general, lower substrate moisture resulted in faster mortality. On the other hand, groups survival longer at a temperature of 26 ºC and under higher substrate moisture (2–3 mL/7 g of nest substrate). The result of this study may contribute to the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Bioassays; Mortality; Termite.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0085-56262019000100009

Contrasting patterns of insecticide resistance and knockdown resistance (kdr) in Aedes aegypti populations from Jacarezinho (Brazil) after a Dengue Outbreak
Provedor de dados: 92
Autores: Aguirre-Obando,Oscar Alexander; Pietrobon,Anna Julia; Bona,Ana Caroline Dalla; Navarro-Silva,Mário Antônio.
ABSTRACT After a dengue outbreak, the knowledge on the extent, distribution and mechanisms of insecticide resistance is essential for successful insecticide-based dengue control interventions. Therefore, we evaluated the potential changes to insecticide resistance in natural Aedes aegypti populations to Organophosphates (OP) and Pyrethroids (PY) after chemical vector control interventions. After a Dengue outbreak in 2010, A. aegypti mosquitoes from the urban area of Jacarezinho (Paraná, Brazil) were collected in 2011 and 2012. Insecticide resistance to OP Temephos was assessed in 2011 and 2012 by dose–response bioassays adopting WHO-based protocols. Additionally, in both sampling, PY resistance was also investigated by the Val1016Ile mutation genotyping....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bioassays; Dengue; Insecticide resistance; Knockdown resistance; Pyrethroids; Temephos.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0085-56262016000100094

Insecticide resistance and genetic variability in natural populations of Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) from Colombia
Provedor de dados: 103
Autores: Aguirre-Obando,Oscar A.; Bona,Ana C. Dalla; Duque L.,Jonny E.; Navarro-Silva,Mário A.
Mosquito control prevails as the most efficient method to protect humans from the dengue virus, despite recent efforts to find a vaccine for this disease. We evaluated insecticide resistance and genetic variability in natural populations of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) from Colombia. This is the first Colombian study examining kdr mutations and population structure. Bioassays with larvae of three mosquito populations (Armenia, Calarcá and Montenegro) were performed according to the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines, using Temephos. For the analysis of the Val1016Ile mutation and genetic diversity, we sampled recently-emerged adults from four mosquito populations (Armenia, Calarcá, Montenegro and Barcelona). Following the WHO protocol, bioassays...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bioassays; Gene flow; Knockdown resistance; Mitochondrial DNA; ND4 gene.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702015000100014

Preliminary observations of cadmium and copper effects on juveniles of the polychaete Capitella sp. Y (Annelida: Polychaeta) from Estero del Yugo, Mazatlán, México
Provedor de dados: 97
Autores: MÉNDEZ,NURIA; GREEN-RUIZ,CARLOS.
The effects of cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) on cultured juveniles of Capitella sp. Y were investigated. Seven-day old juveniles were exposed to 13 (control), 60, 160, 240 and 340 mg Cd L-1 and 17 (control), 50, 120 and 150 mg Cu L-1 for 30 days. Mortality significantly increased with increasing Cu concentrations, but in Cd exposures, it was only evident at 340 mg L-1. Body size and faecal pellet production were reduced earlier in juveniles exposed to Cu than those exposed to Cd, especially in the higher Cu concentrations. These facts indicate that juveniles are more sensitive to Cu in terms of mortality, feeding and growth. Haemoglobin production was inhibited due to the scarcity of food in the experimental sediment rather than to metal exposure. Tube...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Bioassays; Marine worms; Mortality; Juveniles; Heavy metals.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2005000400009

Analysis of toxicity on Bacillus sphaericus from amazonian soils to Anopheles darlingi and Culex quinquefasciatus larvae
Provedor de dados: 36
Autores: Litaiff,Eleilza de Castro; Tadei,Wanderli Pedro; Porto,Jorge Ivan Rebelo; Oliveira,Ila Maria de Aguiar.
Bioassays under laboratory conditions aiming to determine the larvicidal activity of Bacillus sphaericus were carried out on Anopheles darlingi and Culex quinquefasciatus. In order to estimate the toxicity through median lethal concentration (LC50) and the relative potency of the strains to B. sphaericus standard strain 2362, probit analysis was performed utilizing the POLO-PC program. The findings of LC50 pointed out high effectiveness on strains IB15 (0.040 ppm), IB19 and S1116 (0.048 ppm), IB16 (0.052 ppm) and S265 (0.057 ppm). Strain IB15 presented nearly 50% more potency than strain 2362 in bioassays conducted on A. darlingi. It was observed that IB16 and S1116 strains were the most powerful against C. quinquefasciatus, showing to be about 300-400%...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Vector control; Bioassays; Biolarvicides; Amazonian; Entomopathogens.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672008000200008

Evaluation of Insecticide Activity of Two Agricultural Detergents against the Long-Tailed Mealybug, Pseudococcus longispinus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), in the Laboratory
Provedor de dados: 113
Autores: Curkovic,Tomislav; Burett,Gary; Araya,Jaime E.
The insecticide effect of agricultural detergents SU 120 and Tecsa Fruta was evaluated on females and nymphs II of Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni &amp;amp; Tozzetti) in the laboratory. Mortality at 24 h was subjected to Probit analysis to obtain the LC50. For Tecsa Fruta, a volume of 9.5 mL solution was sprayed, while for SU 120, volumes of 2, 4, and 8 mL 100 mL-1 solution were evaluated. Mortality was directly related to the concentration used. Nymphs II were more susceptible than females to both detergents. LC50 for Tecsa Fruta were 17.9 mL 100 mL-1 for females, and 5.4 mL 100 mL-1 for nymphs II, whereas for SU 120 they were 3.1, 1.6, and 1.9 mL 100 mL-1 on females, and 0.8, 0.5, and 0.5 mL 100 mL-1 (with 2, 4, and 8 mL, respectively) on nymphs II....
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural detergents; Bioassays; LC50; SU 120; Tecsa Fruta.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0365-28072007000400010

Effectiveness of Bacillus thuringiensis strains against Spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera: noctuidae)
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Polanczyk,Ricardo Antonio; Silva,Rogério Fernando Pires da; Fiuza,Lidia Mariana.
The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is one of the most important pests of maize, causing up to 20% production losses when defoliation occurs near to flowering, or even complete destruction of plants. Among the alternatives to control this pest, the use of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) has gained attention due to its efficiency and low impact on natural enemies. Strains Bt dendrolimus HD 37, Bt aizawai HD 68, Bt kurstaki HD 73, Bt darmstadiensis HD 146, and Bt thuringiensis 4412 were tested against second instar larvae in in vivo assays. Suspensions of Bt aizawai HD 68 and Bt thuringiensis 4412, containing 3 x 10(8) cells/ml, induced mortality of 100% and 80.4%, respectively. To test virulence, cell concentrations of 8 x 10(5) to 3 x 10(8) cells/ml of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bacillus thuringiensis; Spodoptera frugiperda; Biological control; Bioassays; Fall armyworm.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822000000300003

Side effects of the natural pesticide Spinosad (GF-120 Formulation) on Eretmocerus paulistus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a parasitoid of the whitefly Aleurothrixus floccosus (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), under laboratory conditions
Provedor de dados: 118
Autores: Tello,Víctor; Díaz,Luis; Sánchez,Matías.
V. Tello, L. Díaz, and M. Sánchez. 2013. Side effects of the natural pesticide Spinosad (GF-120 Formulation) on Eretmocerus paulistus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a parasitoid of the whitefly Aleurothrixus floccosus (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), under laboratory conditions. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(2):407-417. The side effects of the insecticide GF-120 NF 0.02 Naturalyte CB® were evaluated on adults of Eretmocerus paulistus Hempel, a parasitoid of Aleurothrixus floccosus (Maskell) in citrus orchards of northern Chile. LC50 and LC90 were determined by applying the insecticide using a Potter tower in decreasing doses from 0.96 to 0.1 mg a.i. L-1 (corresponding to 1% to 0.1% of the recommended dose, respectively). After 24 h of exposure, the results were fitted to a...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Bioassays; Insect parasitoids; Natural pesticide; Residual effect; Side effects; Toxicity.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-16202013000200015