Consulta: subjectFacets:"C33"
Registros recuperados: 39
Data/hora: 09/06/2024 06:20:08

Panel Data Estimation Methods on Supply and Demand Elasticities: The Case of Cotton in Greece
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kotakou,   Christina A.
This article examines the effects of the application of panel data estimation methods on a system of equations with unbalanced panel data. We apply pooled, random-effects, and fixed-effects estimation in three data sets: small, medium, and large farms to examine the relationship between farm size and the elasticity of cotton supply with respect to cotton price.  Our results indicate that the adoption of various estimation methods entails different estimated parameters both in terms of their absolute value and in terms of their statistical significance. Additionally, the elasticity of cotton supply with respect to price varies according to farm size.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Farm size; Panel data; Supply elasticity; Systems of equations; Demand and Price Analysis; C33; D21; Q18.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/100637

Parametric or Nonparametric Approaches to the Estimation of Marginal Cost in Dairy Production? A Comparison of Estimation Results
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wieck,   Christine; Heckelei,   Thomas.
This paper compares various nonparametric models for the estimation of farm specific marginal costs function in the dairy sector. Specifically, locally weighted regression approaches using theory-consistent cost function frameworks as polynomials in the nonparametric approach are applied. A comparison of average marginal cost levels as well as marginal cost distributions across farms illustrates the different approaches.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Dairy production; Marginal costs; Nonparametric regression; Livestock Production/Industries; C33; Q12; Q18.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9829

Rates of Return to Public Agricultural Research in 48 U.S. States
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Plastina,   Alejandro S.; Fulginiti,   Lilyan E.
The internal rate of return to public investment in agricultural R&amp;D is estimated for each of the continental U.S. states. Theoretically, our contribution provides a way of obtaining the returns to a local public good using Rothbart’s concept of virtual prices. Empirically, we use the spatial dependency among states generated by knowledge spillovers to define the ‘appropriate’ jurisdiction. We estimate an average own-state rate of 17% and a social rate of 27%. These figures should inform the policy debate on the allocation of federal funds to research in anticipation of a possible global food crisis.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Internal rates of return; Public R&amp;D; Spillins; Local public goods; Appropriate jurisdiction; Spatial.; Production Economics; Productivity Analysis; Public Economics; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Q16; H41; C33; C31.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51709

Do Competition and Ownership Matter? Evidence from Local Public Transport in Europe
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boitani,   Andrea; Nicolini,   Marcella; Scarpa,   Carlo.
This paper investigates how the ownership and the procedure for the selection of firms operating in the local public transport sector affect their productivity. In order to compare different institutional regimes, we carry out a comparative analysis of 72 companies operating in large European cities. This allows us to consider firms selected either through competitive tendering or negotiated procedures. The analysis of the data on 77 European firms over the period 1997-2006 indicates that firms operate under constant returns to scale. Retrieving the residuals we obtain a measure of total factor productivity, which we regress on firm and city characteristics. We find that when firms are totally or partially in public hands their productivity is lower....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Local Public Transport; Public Ownership; Translog Production Function; Financial Economics; C33; K23; L25; L33; L91.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59392

The Effect of Climate Change over Agricultural Factor Productivity: Some Econometric Considerations
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McCarl,   Bruce A.; Villavicencio,   Xavier; Wu,   Ximing.
This paper examines the role that climate change might be playing in the declining returns to agricultural research. For this purpose, we estimate a cross-section time-series model of agricultural total factor productivity for the U.S. states over the period 1970–1999, with the inclusion of climatic variables, and controlling for non stationarity of the data. Our findings suggest that after controlling for climatic variables and non stationarity, the effect of Public Agricultural Research Capital over Total Factor Productivity is reduced.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate Change; Factor Productivity; Returns to Research; Panel Data; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C33; O13; Q16.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49452

Return to wine: A comparison of the hedonic, repeat sales, and hybrid approaches
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fogarty,   James Joseph; Jones,   Callum.
Comparisons between the return to wine and standard financial assets are complicated in that the return to wine must be estimated from infrequent sales of heterogeneous wine brands. Wine returns can be estimated using several different approaches, and here the performance of the hedonic approach, repeat sales approach, and hybrid approach are compared using 14,102 auction sale observations for Australian wine over the period 1988 to 2000. For the data set considered the results show that the hybrid approach provides the most efficient estimates, and that the repeat sales approach provides significantly higher total return estimates than the other two approaches. The portfolio diversification benefit attributed to holding wine is then shown to vary with...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Return to wine; Price index; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C33; G12.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/108668

Effects of Food Safety Standards on Seafood Exports to US, EU and Japan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nguyen,   Anh Van Thi; Wilson,   Norbert L.W.
Estimating the panel gravity model with bilateral pair and country-by-time fixed-effects separately for each seafood product, we found that food safety regulations have differential effects across seafood products. In all three industrialized markets, shrimp is most sensitive, while fish is the least sensitive to changing food safety policies. The enforcement of the US HACCP, the EU Minimum Required Performance Level and the Japanese Food Safety Basic Law caused a loss of 90.45%, 99.47%, and 99.97% to shrimp trade in these markets, and a reduction associated with fish trade was 66.71%, 82.83%, and 89.32%.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food safety; Seafood; International trade; Gravity model; HACCP; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Relations/Trade; C33; F13; Q17; Q18.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46758

Tobacco Farmer Interest and Success in Income Diversification
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Beach,   Robert H.; Jones,   Alison Snow; Tooze,   Janet A.
As farm income from tobacco production has declined in recent years, there has been increasing interest in identifying alternative sources of income for tobacco farmers in the southern United States The recent termination of the tobacco quota program has accelerated the exit of tobacco farmers and has heightened concern regarding the availability of substitutes for tobacco production. In this study, we examine factors influencing tobacco farmers’ attempts to identify profitable alternatives to tobacco, their off-farm employment behavior, and changes in acres of tobacco cultivated using survey data collected from a panel of North Carolina tobacco farmers combined with market data
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Diversification; Farm programs; Farmer survey; Quota buyout; Tobacco; Crop Production/Industries; Farm Management; Financial Economics; C33; Q12; Q18.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/45045

U.S. State-Level Carbon Dioxide Emissions: A Spatial-Temporal Econometric Approach of the Environmental Kuznets Curve
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Burnett,   J. Wesley; Bergstrom,   John C.
One of the major criticisms of past environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) studies is that the spatiotemporal aspects within the data have largely been ignored.  By ignoring the spatial aspect of pollution emissions past estimates of the EKC implicitly assume that a region’s emissions are unaffected by events in neighboring regions (i.e., assume there are no transboundary pollution emissions between neighbors).  By ignoring the spatial aspects within the data several past estimates of the EKC could have generated biased or inconsistent regression results.  By ignoring the temporal aspect within the data several past estimates of the EKC could have generated spurious regression results or misspecified t and F statistics.  To address this potential...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental Kuznets Curve; Carbon Dioxide; Spatial Econometrics; Panel Data Econometrics; Time Series Analysis; Environmental Economics; Pollution Economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q50; Q53; Q43; C01; C33.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96031

The empirics of the Solow Growth Model: Long-term evidence.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Barossi-Filho,   Milton; Goncalves Silva,   Ricardo; Diniz,   Eliezer Martins.
In this paper we reassess the standard Solow growth model, using a dynamic panel data approach. A new methodology is chosen to deal with this problem. First, unit root tests for individual country time series were run. Second, panel data unit root and cointegration tests were performed. Finally, the panel cointegration dynamics is estimated by (DOLS) method. The resulting evidence supports roughly one-third capital share in income, a.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Economic growth; Panel data; Unit root; Cointegration and convergence; O47; O50; O57; C33; And C52.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37227

PANEL ESTIMATION OF WATER DEMAND BASED ON AN EPISODE OF RATE REFORM
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Moreno,   Georgina; Sunding,   David L.; Schoengold,   Karina.
Agriculture is by far the dominant user of water in the western United States and in nearly all arid regions of the planet. Despite this fact and despite a growing push to rely on price mechanisms for rationalizing water allocation, there are few econometric studies of agricultural water demand that measure its responsiveness to price. Using a unique panel data set of water use at a disaggregated level, this paper estimates the parameters of an agricultural water demand function. The approach incorporates the notion of “"jointness"” in the farm production function, which postulates that producers choose inputs, outputs and technology simultaneously. Estimation results indicate that the own-price elasticity of water use is in the range [-0.415, -0.275],...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Input demand estimation; Water resources; Conservation technology; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C33; Q12; Q15.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/20342

The Contribution of Foreign Direct Investment to China's Export Performance: Evidence from Disaggregated Sectors
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gu,   Weishi; Awokuse,   Titus O.; Yuan,   Yan.
There has been a long debate in the theoretical and empirical economic circles on how host country's exports respond to inward foreign direct investment (FDI). This paper examines whether FDI stimulates export performance of the recipient countries using the case of China. It contributes to the literature by investigating the relationship of FDI and export performance using disaggregated manufacturing sectors from 1995 to 2005. The empirical results suggest that FDI flows into China have statistically significant and positive effects on its exports and it exhibits differences across sectors.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Export performance; Foreign direct investment; China; Panel data; International Relations/Trade; F21; F14; C33.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6453

Trade Creation and Trade Diversion in the North American Free Trade Agreement: The Case of the Agricultural Sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Susanto,   Dwi; Rosson,   C. Parr, III; Adcock,   Flynn J.
This paper examines the effect of the U.S.-Mexico trade agreement under the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). The results suggest that U.S. agricultural imports from Mexico have been responsive to tariff rate reductions applied to Mexican products. A one percentage point decrease in tariff rates is associated with an increase in U.S. agricultural imports from Mexico by 5.31% in the first 6 years of NAFTA and by 2.62% in the last 6 years of NAFTA. U.S. imports from Mexico have also been attributable to the pre-NAFTA tariff rates. Overall, the results indicate that the U.S.-Mexico trade agreement under NAFTA has been trade creating rather than trade diverting.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural sector; NAFTA; Panel data; Tariffs; Trade creation; Trade diversion; International Relations/Trade; F10; F15; Q17; Q18; C31; C33.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6618

The Impact of Agriculture on Waterfowl Abundance: Evidence from Panel Data
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Wong,   Linda; van Kooten,   G. Cornelis; Clarke,   Judith A.
Agricultural expansion and intensification in Canada’s Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) have contributed to declining waterfowl populations since the 1970s. Although this region represents a mere 10% of North America’s waterfowl breeding habitat, it produces over 50% of the continent’s duck population and roughly 60% of Canada’s agricultural output. Thus, intense competition exists between private economic interests and public benefits in the PPR. To better understand the conflict between agricultural and wildlife uses of land, panel methods are used to examine the spatiotemporal variation of waterfowl populations and agricultural land use intensity in the PPR from 1961-2006. For the main static model, we find that a one percent increase in cropland or pasture...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Wetlands protection; Spatial econometrics; GIS; Land use conflict; Migratory waterfowl; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q57; C33; Q15; Q24.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98422

Calories, Obesity and Health in OECD Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mazzocchi,   Mario; Traill,   W. Bruce.
Theoretical models suggest that decisions about diet, weight and health status are endogenous within a utility maximisation framework. In this paper, we model these behavioural relationships in a fixed-effect panel setting using a simultaneous equation system, with a view to determining whether economic variables can explain the trends in calorie consumption, obesity and health in OECD countries and the large differences among countries. The empirical model shows that progress in medical treatment and health expenditure mitigates mortality from diet-related diseases, despite rising obesity rates. While the model accounts for endogeneity and serial correlation, results are affected by data limitations.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food consumption; Obesity; Overweight; Health; Health Economics and Policy; I12; C33.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7972

Measuring Service Quality: The Opinion of Europeans about Utilities
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ferrari,   P.A.; Salini,   S.
This paper provides a comparative analysis of statistical methods to evaluate the consumer perception about the quality of Services of General Interest. The evaluation of the service quality perceived by users is usually based on Customer Satisfaction Survey data and an ex-post evaluation is then performed. Another approach, consisting in evaluating Consumers preferences, supplies an ex-ante information on Service Quality. Here, the ex-post approach is considered, two non-standard techniques - the Rasch Model and the Nonlinear Principal Component Analysis - are presented and the potential of both methods is discussed. These methods are applied on the Eurobarometer Survey data to assess the consumer satisfaction among European countries and in different...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Service Quality; Eurobarometer; Non Linear Principal Component Analysis; Rasch Analysis; Conjoint Analysis; C33; C35; C43; L94; L95; L96.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36758

Trade costs and the pattern of Foreign Direct Investment: evidence from five EU countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cardamone,   Paola; Scoppola,   Margherita.
According to the theoretical models of the multinational enterprise, trade costs play a fundamental role in determining the pattern of foreign direct investment (FDI). The aim of this paper is to assess the impact of trade policies on the outward stocks of FDI of the EU. We estimate a model based on the knowledge-capital theory of the multinational enterprise over the period 1995-2008 by using a sample of five EU countries and 26 partner countries. We consider, first, manufacturing sector as a whole and, then, six manufacturing industries defined at the two-digit level of the NACE classification. Explanatory variables include an index of applied bilateral tariffs and a dummy to capture the presence of Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs). From an...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: FDI; Trade protection; Knowledge-capital model; Dynamic panel data; International Relations/Trade; F15; F21; F23; C33.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123993

Accidents Waiting to Happen: Liability Policy and Toxic Pollution Releases
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alberini,   Anna; Austin,   David H.
Proponents of environmental policies based on liability assert that strict liability imposed on the polluter will induce firms to handle hazardous wastes properly and to avoid disposing them into the environment. Economic theory and a few well-publicized cases, however, suggest that a number of factors may dilute the incentives posed by strict liability. In this paper, we run regressions relating unintended releases of pollution into the environment (aggregated at the state level, and followed over nine years from 1987 to 1995) to the imposition of strict liability on the polluter, exploiting variation across states in the liability provisions of their mini-Superfund laws, and in the years these were adopted. We experiment with instrumental variable...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Strict liability; Toxic spills; Policy endogeneity; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q28; C33; K32.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10450

Dutch corporate liquidity management: New evidence on aggregation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bruinshoofd,   W. Allard; Kool,   Clemens J.M.
In this paper we investigate Dutch corporate liquidity management in general, and target adjustment behaviour in particular. To this purpose, we use a simple error correction model of corporate liquidity holdings applied to firm-level data for the period 1977-1997. We confirm the existence of long-run liquidity targets at the firm level. We also find that changes in liquidity holdings are driven by short-run shocks as well as the urge to converge towards targeted liquidity levels. The rate of target convergence is higher when we include more firm-specific information in the target. This result supports the idea that increased precision in defining liquidity targets associates with a faster observed rate of target convergence. It also suggests that the slow...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Corporate liquidity demand; Precautionary liquidity; C33; C43; E41; G3.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/37606

Discussion: Applications and Innovations in Spatial Econometrics
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: LeSage,   James P.
These articles provide a discussion of studies presented in a session on spatial econometrics, focusing on the ability of spatial regression models to quantify the magnitude of spatial spillover impacts. Both articles presented argue that a proper modeling of spatial spillovers is required to truly understand the phenomena under study, in one case the impact of climate change on land values (or crop yields) and in the second the role of regional industry composition on regional business establishment growth.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Lagged variables; Panel data; Spatial spillovers; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C33; C51.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113519

The Linkages between Energy Efficiency and Security of Energy Supply in Europe
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bigano,   Andrea; Arigoni Ortiz,   Ramon; Markandya,   Anil; Menichetti,   Emanuela; Pierfederici,   Roberta.
It can be argued that one way to reduce the dependence from external energy sources, is simply to reduce the demand for energy. Energy savings may thus be considered a policy priority when concerns for energy security are particularly strong. Drawing on an original econometric approach, we check whether policies and measures that affect indicators of energy efficiency performance have an analogous effect on security of supply indicators, both at the whole economy level and within the main sectors of energy use in the EU 15 countries and Norway. Our analyses show that the indicators studied are affected by a number of policies and measures; however very few of them seem able to tackle effectively and simultaneously, energy efficiency, carbon efficiency and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Energy Efficiency; Energy Security; Policy Effectiveness; Europe; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q40; Q48; Q58; C33.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90950

Dimensions of Wealth Dispersion Among Farm Operator Households:  An Assessment of the Impact of Farm Subsidies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: El-Osta,   Hisham S.; Mishra,   Ashok K.
This paper uses microlevel data from the Agricultural Resource Management Survey to examine the changes in the distributions of household wealth and to assess the role farm subsidies play, among other factors, in affecting these distributions.  The empirical analysis relies on the concept of the adjusted Gini coefficient and on fixed-effect regression procedures.  Coefficients from fixed-effect estimation indicate a negative correlation between government payments and wealth dispersion, with the effect shifting toward more of a positive relation when government payments were allowed to interact with regional dummies.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Adjusted Gini coefficient; Agricultural Resource Management Survey; Fixed-effects regression; Government subsidies; Life cycle; Wealth dispersion; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics; C33; D31; D63; O18; Q15.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43733

Searching for an Environmental Kuznets Curve in Carbon Dioxide Pollutant in Latin American Countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Poudel,   Biswo N.; Paudel,   Krishna P.; Bhattarai,   Keshav.
This study utilized a semiparametric panel model to estimate environmental Kuznets curves (EKC) for carbon dioxide (CO2) in 15 Latin American countries, using hitherto unused data on forestry acreage in each country. Results showed an N-shaped curve for the region; however, the shape of the curve is sensitive to the removal of some groups of countries. Specification tests support a semiparametric panel model over a parametric quadratic specification.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: CO2; Forest acreage; Environmental Kuznets curve; Latin American countries; Semiparametric regression model; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; C14; C33; Q23; Q53.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/48759

Vertical relationships between Manufacturers and Retailers: Inference with Limited Data
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Villas-Boas,   Sofia Berto.
In this paper different models of vertical relationships between manufacturers and retailers in the supermarket industry are compared. Demand estimates are used to compute price-cost margins for retailers and manufacturers under different supply models when wholesale prices are not observed. The purpose is to identify which set of margins is compatible with the margins obtained from estimates of cost, and to select the model most consistent with the data among non-nested competing models. The models considered are: (1) a simple linear pricing model; (2) a vertically integrated model; and (3) a variety of alternative (strategic) supply scenarios that allow for collusion, non-linear pricing and strategic behavior with respect to private label products. Using...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Vertical contracts; Multiple manufacturers and retailers; Non-nested tests; Yogurt local market.; Industrial Organization; L13; L81; C12; C33.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25015

Combining mixed logit models and random effects models to identify the determinants of willingness to pay for rural landscape improvements
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Campbell,   Danny.
This paper reports the findings from a discrete choice experiment study designed to estimate the economic benefits associated with rural landscape improvements in Ireland. Using a mixed logit model, the panel nature of the dataset is exploited to retrieve willingness to pay values for every individual in the sample. This departs from customary approaches in which the willingness to pay estimates are normally expressed as measures of central tendency of an a priori distribution. In a different vein from analysis conducted in previous discrete choice experiment studies, this paper uses random effects models for panel data to identify the determinants of the individual-specific willingness to pay estimates. In comparison with the standard methods used to...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agri-environment; Discrete choice experiments; Mixed logit; Panel data; Random effects; Willingness to pay; Demand and Price Analysis; Environmental Economics and Policy; C33; C35; Q24; Q51.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7975

A Spatiotemporal Fixed Effects Estimation of U.S. State-Level Carbon Dioxide Emissions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Burnett,   J. Wesley; Bergstrom,   John C.
One of the major shortcommings of past environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) studies is that the spatiotemporal aspects within the data have largely been ignored.  By ignoring the spatial aspect of pollution emissions past estimates of the EKC implicitly assume that a region’s emissions are unaffected by events in neighboring regions (i.e., assume there are no transboundary pollution emissions between neighbors).  By ignoring the spatial aspects within the data several past estimates of the EKC could have generated biased or inconsistent regression results.  By ignoring the temporal aspect within the data several past estimates of the EKC could have generated spurious regression results or misspecified t and F statistics.  To address this potential...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Pollution Economics; Environmental Kuznets Curve; Spatial Econometrics; Dynamic Panel Data; Carbon Dioxide Emissions; Global Climate Change; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C33; C51; Q43; Q50; Q53; Q58.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103580

Impact of Foreign Intellectual Property Rights Protection on U.S. Exports and FDI
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gu,   Weishi.
This version of the paper is subject to changes.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Export; FDI; Technology transfer; Intellectual property rights; GMM; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; C33; F21; F23; F14; O34; K33.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49414

The Dynamics of Farm Land Allocation - Short and Long Run Reactions in Long Micro Panel
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Arnberg,   Soren; Hansen,   Lars Garn.
This study develops a dynamic multi-output model of farmers’ crop allocation decisions that allows estimation of both short-run and long-run adjustments to a wide array of economic incentives.  The method can be used to inform decision makers on a number of issues including agricultural policy reform and environmental regulation.  The model allows estimation of dynamic effects relating to price expectations adjustment, investment lags, and crop rotation constraints.  Estimation is based on micro-panel data from Danish farmers that includes acreage, output, and variable input utilization at the crop level.  Results indicate that there are substantial differences between the short- and long-run land allocation behavior of Danish farmers and that there are...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land allocation; Crop rotation; System of dynamic equations; Micro panel data; GMM; Land Economics/Use; C33; Q12; Q15.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9978

Public Policy and Diet Quality: Impact of Prices on Nutrient Adequacy using French Expenditure Data from 1996 to 2005
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Allen,   Thomas G.; Allais,   Olivier; Nichele,   Veronique; Padilla,   Martine.
This paper aims at simulating optimal prices satisfying public health recommendations in terms of nutrient adequacy. This implies to estimate a complete food demand system in order to compute price elasticities. Food consumption behaviors are described by an AI functional form [Deaton and Muellbauer(1980)] augmented to control for habit persistence. The demand system is estimated using the Iterated Least Square Estimator developed by Blundell and Robin (1999). We use French household expenditure data drawn from TNS Worldpanel covering 130 periods of 4 weeks from 1996 to 2005. Given the nature of our data, households are split into 8 cohorts based on two socio-demographic variables: date of birth and social status. A revised aggregation into 27 food groups...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Household survey data; Cohort; AI demand system; Nutrient adequacy; Diet quality; Fat tax policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Health Economics and Policy; D12; C33.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53335

Two-Part Tariffs versus Linear Pricing Between Manufacturers and Retailers: Empirical Tests on Differentiated Products Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bonnet,   Céline; Dubois,   Pierre; Simioni,   Michel.
We present a methodology allowing to introduce manufacturers and retailers vertical contracting in their pricing strategies on a differentiated product market. We consider in particular two types of non linear pricing relationships, one where resale price maintenance is used with two part tariffs contracts and one where no resale price maintenance is allowed in two part tariffs contracts. Our contribution allows to recover price-cost margins from estimates of demand parameters both under linear pricing models and two part tariffs. The methodology allows then to test between different hypothesis on the contracting and pricing relationships between manufacturers and retailers in the supermarket industry using exogenous variables supposed to shift the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Vertical contracts; Two part tariffs; Double marginalization; Collusion; Competition; Manufacturers; Retailers; Differentiated products; Water; Non nested tests; Industrial Organization; L13; L81; C12; C33.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25685

Spatial Approaches to Panel Data in Agricultural Economics: A Climate Change Application
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Baylis,   Katherine R.; Paulson,   Nicholas D.; Piras,   Gianfranco.
Panel data are used in almost all subfields of the agricultural economics profession. Furthermore, many research areas have an important spatial dimension. This article discusses some of the recent contributions made in the evolving theoretical and empirical literature on spatial econometric methods for panel data. We then illustrate some of these tools within a climate change application using a hedonic model of farmland values and panel data. Estimates for the model are provided across a range of nonspatial and spatial estimators, including spatial error and spatial lag models with fixed and random effects extensions. Given the importance of location and extensive use of panel data in many subfields of agricultural economics, these recently developed...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Panel data; Spatial econometrics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; C33; Q10; Q54.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113518

Trade costs and the pattern of Foreign Direct Investment: evidence from five EU countries
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Cardamone,   Paola; Scoppola,   Margherita.
Abstract According to the theoretical models of the multinational enterprise, trade costs play a fundamental role in determining the pattern of foreign direct investment (FDI). The aim of this paper is to assess the impact of trade policies on the outward stocks of FDI of the EU. We estimate a model based on the knowledge-capital theory of the multinational enterprise over the period 1995-2008 by using a sample of five EU countries and 26 partner countries. We consider, first, manufacturing sector as a whole and, then, six manufacturing industries, among which the food industry, defined at the two-digit level of the NACE classification. Explanatory variables include an index of applied bilateral tariffs and a dummy to capture the presence of Bilateral...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: FDI; Trade protection; Knowledge-capital model; International Relations/Trade; F15; F21; F23; C33.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124106

Optimal intertemporal investment in Australian agriculture: An empirical investigation
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Agbola,   Frank W.
This paper empirically investigates optimal intertemporal investment behaviour of farmers in Australia. The dynamic investment model is estimated using pooled crosssectional and time-series farm survey data spanning the period 1979-1993. The model captures intertemporal investment behaviour of farmers, including independent and instantaneous adjustment decisions. Empirical test results indicate that labour, capital, sheep numbers and cattle numbers adjust sluggishly towards their long-run equilibrium levels. Results provide empirical evidence to indicate that adjustment problem is characteristic of production in agricultural zones Australia.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Australia; Agricultural zones; Optimal intertemporal investment model; Quaxi-fixity; Adjustment costs; Farm Management; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C33; C12; C13; C61.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44094

Assessing the Perspectives of EU Cotton Farming: Technical and Scale Efficiencies of Greek Cotton Growers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pantzios,   Christos J.; Rozakis,   Stelios; Tzouvelekas,   Vangelis.
Utilizing the stochastic frontier approach, this paper estimates output and input-oriented technical and scale efficiency levels for a sample of cotton-growing farms in Thessaly, Greece. The empirical results suggest that Greek cotton farm operations are technically and scale inefficient. There is a considerable scope for improvement in resource use and thereby in farm income of cotton farms; Greek cotton farmers could reduce production costs by 20.4%, making more efficient utilization of the existing production technology. Factors responsible for the technical efficiency differentials observed among cotton-growers include the farmer's age and education as well as the farm's land fragmentation and output specialization.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Technical and scale inefficiency; Stochastic frontier models; Cotton production; Greece; Crop Production/Industries; C33; D24; O13.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24844

Spatial Dimensions of US Crop Selection: Recent Responses to Markets and Policy
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Motamed,   Mesbah J.; McPhail,   Lihong Lu.
We explicitly measure corn acreage response to the biofuels boom from 2006 to 2010. Specifically, we use newly available micro-scale planting data over time to test whether corn cultivation intensifies in proportion to the proximity of ethanol processors. We control for the endogeneity of plant location to corn acreage by using transportation network data for instruments. Our results show that reducing the distance between a farm and an ethanol plant by one percent increases acreage in corn by 0.64% and reveal a price elasticity of supply of 0.47%. To our knowledge, this is the first study that measures changes in location and intensity of corn planting in response to incentives posed by the recent biofuels boom. The results can serve as a springboard for...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Corn acreage; Ethanol; Panel data analysis; Instrumental variables; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Land Economics/Use; Q1; Q28; C33.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103270

Jobs  Versus the Environment: An Industry-level Perspective
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Morgenstern,   Richard D.; Pizer,   William A.; Shih,   Jhih-Shyang.
The possibility that workers could be adversely affected by environmental policies imposed on heavily regulated industries has led to claims of a "jobs versus the environment" trade-off by both business and labor leaders. The present research examines this claim at the industry level for four heavily polluting industries: pulp and paper mills, plastic manufacturers, petroleum refiners, and iron and steel mills. By focusing on labor effects across an entire industry, we construct a measure relevant to the concerns of key stakeholders, such as labor unions and trade groups. We decompose the link between environmental regulation and employment into three distinct components: factor shifts to more or less labor intensity, changes in total expenditures, and...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Jobs-environment trade-off; Distribution of environmental costs; Translog cost function; Labor and Human Capital; C33; D24; J40; Q28.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10526

Urban Sprawl and Farmland Prices
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Livanis,   Grigorios T.; Moss,   Charles B.; Breneman,   Vincent E.; Nehring,   Richard F.
A theoretical model of farmland valuation is developed that allows urban sprawl to affect farmland values through the conversion of farmland to urban uses, shifts in production to higher-valued crops, and the speculative effect of urban pressure on farmland values. This model is estimated using county level data in the continental United States. Evidence is found for all three effects of urban sprawl on farmland values, with a significant contribution of urban pressure on net agricultural returns around major urban centers. Ancillary evidence supports that the latter effect is attributable to shifts to high-valued crops.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Hedonic determinants; Land prices; Spatial productivity; Urban sprawl; Land Economics/Use; R14; Q15; D24; C33.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/15657

Spatial and non spatial approaches to agricultural convergence in Europe
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gutierrez,   Luciano; Sassi,   Maria.
The paper starts from the critiques to the Barro-style methodology for convergence analysis with the aim of reviewing the econometric approaches for testing spatial effects in convergence process related to both cross sectional and panel data regressions, a framework that is applied to a sample of 80 regions of the EU-15 at NUTS-2 level over the time period from 1980 to 2007. The empirical analysis compares results from approaches and, at the same time, provides empirical evidence from techniques that are now widely recognised in the understanding of regional growth and the influence of space but never or rarely applied to the agricultural context. Results point out the complexity of the process of agricultural regional convergence in Europe that cannot be...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Convergence; Spatial approaches; Non spatial approaches; Community/Rural/Urban Development; C21; C33; Q19.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99362

The Cost of Environmental Protection
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Morgenstern,   Richard D.; Pizer,   William A.; Shih,   Jhih-Shyang.
Expenditures for environmental protection in the U.S. are estimated to exceed $150 billion annually or about 2% of GDP. This estimate, based on largely self-reported information, is often cited as an assessment of the burden of current regulatory efforts and a standard against which the associated benefits are measured. Little is known, however, about how well reported expenditures relate to true costs. The potential for both incidental savings and uncounted burdens means that actual costs could be either higher or lower than reported expenditures. A significant literature supports the notion that increases in reported environmental expenditures probably understate actual economic costs. Estimates of the true cost of a dollar increase in reported...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Environmental costs; Fixed-effects; Translog cost model; Environmental Economics and Policy; C33; D24; Q28.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10530