Consulta: subjectFacets:"Carbon"
Registros recuperados: 108
Data/hora: 03/06/2024 10:09:15

Almacenamiento de carbono en bosques manejados de pinus patula: Estimación mediante percepción remota
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Aguirre Salado, Carlos Arturo.
Se presenta la metodología y los resultados obtenidos sobre estimación de almacenamiento de carbono mediante técnicas de percepción remota en bosques manejados de Pinus patula en Zacualtipán, Hidalgo, México; la cual surge como una necesidad de monitoreo de los recursos forestales a partir de los compromisos adquiridos por México en el Protocolo de Kyoto para aminorar el inminente cambio climático causado por los denominados gases invernadero (CO2). En esta tesis se estudia principalmente el carbono (CHA) (Mg/ha) aunque preliminarmente resulta necesaria la cuantificación de biomasa (BHA) (Mg/ha). De manera paralela también se estudian algunos parámetros forestales de densidad como índice de área foliar (IAF) (m2/ m2), cobertura arbórea (COB) (%), área...
Tipo: Tesis
Palavras-chave: Carbono; Índice de área foliar; Cobertura arbórea; Regresión lineal; K-nn; Percepción remota; SPOT 5; Fotografía hemisferica; Bosque de Pinus patula.; Carbon; Leaf area index; Canopy closure; Linear regression; K-nn; Remote sensing; SPOT 5; Hemispherical photography; Pinus patula forest.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1172

Carbono de biomasa aérea, en suelo y su relación con la fracción fina de este reservorio
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Estrada Herrera, Isabel del Rayo.
Con el propósito de analizar el potencial de captura en la parte aérea del sistema MIAF (Milpa Intercalada con Árboles Frutales) y PAP (Parcelas de Alta Productividad), los suelos más representativos fueron investigados y clasificados de acuerdo con los sistemas Taxonomía de Suelos (Soil Survey Staff, 2003) y WRB (FAO-ISRIC-SICS, 1999); de acuerdo con el primer sistema, los suelos de las tres microcuencas se clasificaron como Inceptisoles; los de las microcuenca Mazateca y Mixe, fueron Humic Dystrudepts y el de la Cuicateca Typic Hapludepts. De acuerdo al segundo, los dos primeros resultaron ser Umbrisoles con propiedades ferrálicas y el de la Cuicateca un Cambisol hiperferrálico. Otro objetivo de esta investigación fue estimar el contenido de carbono en...
Tipo: Tesis
Palavras-chave: Carbono; Suelos; Clasificación; Biomasa aérea; Fraccionamiento; Maestría; Edafología; Carbon; Soils; Classification; Aerial biomass; Fractioning.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1560

Implications of Biodiesel-Induced Land-Use Changes for CO2 Emissions: Case Studies in Tropical America, Africa, and Southeast Asia
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Achten, Wouter M. J.; Department Earth and Environmental Sciences, K.U.Leuven; Centre for International Forestry Research (CIFOR); wouter.achten@ees.kuleuven.be; Verchot, Louis V; Centre for International Forestry Research (CIFOR); l.verchot@cgiar.org.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Carbon debt; Greenhouse gas; Life-cycle assessment; Repayment time.
Ano: 2011

Ecosystem Services, Land-Cover Change, and Stakeholders: Finding a Sustainable Foothold for a Semiarid Biodiversity Hotspot
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Reyers, Belinda; Natural Resources and the Environment, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research; breyers@csir.co.za; Cowling, Richard M.; Department of Botany, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University;; Egoh, Benis N.; Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University;; Le Maitre, David C.; Natural Resources and the Environment, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research;; Vlok, Jan H. J.; Regalis Environmental Services;.
Land-cover change has been identified as one of the most important drivers of change in ecosystems and their services. However, information on the consequences of land cover change for ecosystem services and human well-being at local scales is largely absent. Where information does exist, the traditional methods used to collate and communicate this information represent a significant obstacle to sustainable ecosystem management. Embedding science in a social process and solving problems together with stakeholders are necessary elements in ensuring that new knowledge results in desired actions, behavior changes, and decisions. We have attempted to address this identified information gap, as well as the way information is gathered, by quantifying the...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Grazing; Human well-being; Land degradation; Ostriches; Tourism; Trade-offs; Water.
Ano: 2009

An Operational Framework for Defining and Monitoring Forest Degradation
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Thompson, Ian D; Canadian Forest Service; ian.thompson@nrcan.gc.ca; Guariguata, Manuel R.; Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR); M.GUARIGUATA@CGIAR.ORG; Okabe, Kimiko; FFPRI Tsukuba; kimikook@ffpri.affrc.go.jp; Bahamondez, Carlos; INFOR Valdivia; cbahamon@infor.cl; Nasi, Robert; Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR); r.nasi@cgiar.org; Heymell, Victoria; FAO Rome; Victoria.Heymell@fao.org; Sabogal, Cesar; FAO Rome; cesar.sabogal@fao.org.
Forest degradation is broadly defined as a reduction in the capacity of a forest to produce ecosystem services such as carbon storage and wood products as a result of anthropogenic and environmental changes. The main causes of degradation include unsustainable logging, agriculture, invasive species, fire, fuelwood gathering, and livestock grazing. Forest degradation is widespread and has become an important consideration in global policy processes that deal with biodiversity, climate change, and forest management. There is, however, no generally recognized way to identify a degraded forest because perceptions of forest degradation vary depending on the cause, the particular goods or services of interest, and the temporal and spatial scales considered....
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Synthesis
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Carbon; Criteria and indicators; Forest degradation; Forest management; Remote sensing.
Ano: 2013

Retorno ao solo de nutrientes de serrapilheira de Eucalyptus cloeziana no cerrado do Distrito Federal.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: MELO, J. T. de; RESCK, D. V. S.
RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar procedências de Eucalyptus cloeziana quanto à queda de serrapilheira e aos nutrientes potencialmente retornáveis ao solo por essa via no Cerrado, em Planaltina-DF. O experimento foi implantado em um Latossolo Vermelho, argiloso, distrófico a uma altitude de 1000 m. As procedências avaliadas foram: 11008 de Coominglah; 11666 de Cooktown e 11949 de Fraser Island, todas de Queensland, Austrália. No centro das parcelas de 7x7 plantas colocaram-se coletores de 1x1m, ao nível do solo. De setembro de 1995 a agosto de 2000, mensalmente, o material foi recolhido e separado em folhas, galhos, frutos e casca e determinando a matéria seca. Antes da separação retirava-se uma amostra do material para determinação dos teores...
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Ciclagem; Cycling.; Carbono; Cerrado; Eucalipto; Fertilidade do Solo; Matéria Orgânica; Nutriente; Serapilheira.; Reflorestamento; Carbon; Organic matter; Reforestation; Nutrients; Soil fertility.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/567965

Matéria orgânica do solo e relação C/N de solos manejados com diferentes sistemas de produção de grãos e pastagem em Dourados, MS.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: MELO, T. S.; SANTOS, P. S. dos; SOUZA, V. B. de; TOMAZI, M.
bitstream/item/148542/1/26-materia-organica.pdf
Tipo: Outras publicações técnicas (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Qualidade do solo; Preparo do solo; Soil preparation.; Carbono; Pastagem.; Grazing; Carbon; Soil quality.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1054322

Emissões de NO, N2O e CO2 em agroecossistemas do Cerrado.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: CARVALHO, A. M. de; BUSTAMANTE, M. M. da C.
ABSTRACT: In the last 30 years, the Cerrado Biome has suffered very intense conversion of its native vegetation into croplands (Brazilian Savanna). This habitat modification has contributed with 25% and 90% of the total CO2 and N2O anthropogenic emission respectively. Soil preparation (tillage and no-tillage), deposition of crop residues, cultivation of N-fixing species and nitrogen fertilization are management practices that influence trace gas fluxes from soil to atmosphere. Nevertheless, the interaction between such practices and NO, N2O and CO2 fluxes in the Cerrado region is still unclear. Raining events after the dry season results in NO and CO2 pulses. The interaction between nitrogen application-during rain events affects NO and CO2 emissions. The...
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Carbono; Conservação do Solo; Efeito Estufa; Gás; Matéria Orgânica.; Manejo do Solo; Gases; Carbon; Greenhouse effect; Organic matter; Soil conservation; Soil management.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/572290

Desenvolvimento e validação de metodologia de moagem de amostras de solos para análise de carbono orgânico.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: SOUZA, A. M. de; GREGORIS, G.; ANDRADE, M. T. de; CORREA, J. C. de O.; INACIO, C. de T.
Este trabalho objetiva propor um método para moagem mecanizada em larga escala para atender às elevadas e crescentes demandas por amostras finamente moídas, como pré-requisito para análise SOC pelas metodologias tradicionais e inovadoras.
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Método de Análise; Solo; Carbono; Soil; Carbon; Methodology.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1132568

Propriedades biologicas em agregados de um LE sob plantios convencional e direto no Cerrado.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: MENDES, I. de C.; SOUZA, L. V. de; RESCK, D. V. S.; GOMES, A. C.
bitstream/CPAC-2009/24609/1/bolpd_33.pdf
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Microbial flora; Enzymic activity; Enzimes.; Atividade Enzimática; Biomassa; Carbono; Cerrado; Enzima; Fosfatase Ácida; Manejo do Solo; Microbiologia do Solo; População Microbiana; Solo.; Acid phosphatase; Carbon; Biomass; Soil biology; Soil; Soil management.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/559745

Resumos expandidos.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: ENCONTRO BRASILEIRO DE SUBSTÂNCIAS HÚMICAS, 6., 2005, Rio de Janeiro.
Aplicação na agricultura; aplicações diversas; aspectos estruturais, caracterização e métodos de estudo; substâncias húmicas e humanidades; substâncias húmicas e o meio ambiente; substâncias húmicas em sistemas aquáticos.
Tipo: Anais e Proceedings de eventos
Palavras-chave: Substâncias húmicas; Matéria Orgânica; Carbono; Organic matter; Carbon; Humic substances.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/338634

Retorno, ao solo, de nutrientes de serrapilheira de pinus no cerrado do Distrito Federal.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: MELO, J. T. de; RESCK. D. V. S.
bitstream/CPAC-2009/24656/1/bolpd_75.pdf
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Ciclagem; Pinus caribea; Carbono organico; Cycling.; Cerrado; Fertilidade do Solo; Matéria Orgânica; Nutriente; Reflorestamento; Serapilheira.; Carbon; Nutrients; Organic matter; Reforestation; Soil fertility.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/559118

Inter-relação do teor de argila, carbono orgânico e CTC em solos sob plantio direto no cerrado.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: SÁ, M. A. C. de; SANTOS JÚNIOR, J. de D. G.; RESENDE, A. V. de; SHIRATSUCHI, L. S.
bitstream/CPAC-2009/27715/1/p2006_48.pdf
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Manejo de solo; Zero tillage; Soil chemicophysical properties.; Argila; Carbono; Cerrado; Física do Solo; Plantio Direto.; Carbon; Clay; Soil management.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/570064

Retorno ao solo de nutrientes de serrapilheira de Eucalyptus camaldulensis no cerrado do Distrito Federal.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: MELO, J. T. de; RESCK, D. V. S.
RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar procendências de Eucalyptus camaldulensis quanto à queda de serrapilheira e o retorno de nutrientes ao solo por essa via, no cerrado, em Planaltina-DF. O experimento foi em uma área localizada a 1000 m de altitude.O solo é Latossolo Vermelho Ditrófico típico textura argilosa. As argilosa. As procedências avaliadas foram: 10911 de Emu Creek, Queensland; 9856 de Agnew Road, West Autralian e 10557 de Kimberly Area, West Australian. No centro das parcelas de 7 x 7 plantas, colocaram-se coletores de 1,0 x 1,0 m, ao nível do solo. De setembro de 1995 a agosto de 2000, mensalmente, o material foi recolhido e separado em folhas, galhos, frutos cascas e determinada matéria seca. Antes da separação, retirava-se uma...
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Ciclagem; Cycling.; Carbono; Eucalipto; Fertilidade do Solo; Matéria Orgânica; Nutriente; Serapilheira.; Reflorestamento; Carbon; Organic matter; Reforestation; Nutrients; Soil fertility.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/568115

Medidas do fluxo de CO2 do solo pelos métodos da absorção alcalina e analisador de gás infravermelho em diferentes sistemas de manejo no Cerrado.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: FERREIRA, E. A. B.; RESCK, D. V. S.; GOMES, A. C.
RESUMO: Avaliou-se, neste trabalho, o efeito de sistemas de manejo no fluxo de CO2 do solo numa rotação soja-milho, durante um período de 398 dias, de abril de 2000 a maio de 2001, em um Latossolo Vermelho-Escuro argiloso, na Embrapa Cerrados, em Planaltina, Distrito Federal. Foram selecionadas uma área com vegetação de Cerrado (CE) e seis parcelas de um experimento de longa duração (20 anos): arado de discos pré-plantio (ADPP); arado de discos pós-coheita (ADPC); plantio direto a partir do segundo em área preparada com arado de discos em 1979 (PDAD); arado de aivecas pré-plantio (AVPP); arado de aivecas pós-colheita (AVPC); e plantio direto a partir do segundo ano em área preparada com arado de aivecas em 1979 (PDAV). Utilizaram-se dois métodos: um...
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Carbono orgânico; Organic; Ploughs; Disks; Zero tillage.; Arado de Aiveca; Arado de Disco; Cerrado; Manejo do Solo; Plantio Direto; Solo.; Carbon; Soil; Soil management.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/567680

DINÂMICA sazonal do carbono em campo úmido do cerrado.
Provedor de dados: 14
bitstream/CPAC-2009/25920/1/p2005_01.pdf
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Campo úmido; CO2.; Carbono; Cerrado; Metano; Química do Solo; Variação Sazonal.; Carbon; Seasonal variation; Soil chemistry.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/568726

Memória do Workshop O Cerrado no Contexto das Mudanças Climáticas Globais.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: COSTA, C. J.; MOZZER, G. B.; CARVALHO, A. M. de; MULLER, A. G.; SILVA, F. A. M. da; MOREIRA, J. M. M. A. P.; MEIRELLES, M. L.
bitstream/item/77781/1/doc-285.pdf
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Mudanças climáticas; Agropecuária; Estratégias de mitigação; Savanna; Climatic changes.; Cerrado; Carbono; Efeito Estufa; Gás; Solo.; Agriculture; Gases; Carbon; Greenhouse effect; Soil.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/883931

Carbono no solo e emissões de gases de efeito estufa.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: CARVALHO, A. M. de.
bitstream/item/75721/1/art-059.pdf
Tipo: Artigo de divulgação na mídia (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Carbono; Efeito Estufa; Gás; Solo.; Carbon; Greenhouse effect; Soil.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/875102

Atributos biológicos em área de integração lavoura-pecuária.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: SCHLEMMER, F.; QUIXABEIRA, J.; NEVES, S. S.; MENDES, I. C.; REIS JÚNIOR, F. B.
bitstream/item/78928/1/p2007-10.pdf
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Biomassa microbiana; Crop-livestock; Soil microbiology.; Atividade Enzimática; Carbono; Microbiologia do Solo.; Enzyme activity; Carbon; Microbial biomass.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/569879

Metodologia para estimar o estoque de carbono em diferentes sistemas de uso da terra.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: AREVALO, L. A.; ALEGRE, J. C.; MONTOYA VILCAHUAMAN, L. J.
bitstream/item/17083/1/doc73.pdf
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Metodologia; Carbon stocks; Sequestration; Estoque de carbono.; Energia; Floresta.; Forests.; Carbon.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/308054

Fluxo diurno de CO2 solo-planta-atmosfera em um campo úmido do cerrado.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: MEIRELLES, M. L.; FRANCO, A. C.; FERREIRA, E. A. B.; RANDOW, C. V.
O objetivo deste estudo foi relacionar a altura do lençol freático com os fluxos diurnos de CO2 em um campo limpo úmido (Brasília, DF). Foram monitorados a altura da lâmina do lençol freático; a assimilação de CO2 pelo processo fotossintético de duas gramíneas que representavam 50% da cobertura vegetal; a quantificação do fluxo de CO2 do solo por um equipamento acoplado a câmara de solo; e os fluxos de CO2 atmosférico pelo método micrometeorológico de covariância de vórtices turbulentos. A lâmina de água em 2005 atingiu profundidade de 80 cm e, em 2006, esteve próxima à superfície durante todo o ano, cujas variações não exerceram um efeito na capacidade fotossintética de Axonopus comans, entretanto foram medidos valores menores em Andropogon virgatus,...
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Área úmida; Luminosidade; Wetland; Savanna.; Carbono; Cerrado; Fotossíntese; Lençol Freático; Solo.; Carbon; Groundwater; Photosynthesis; Soil.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/894343

Abordagens metodologicas do projeto dinamica sazonal do carbono em campo umido do cerrado.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: MEIRELLES, M. L.; FRANCO, A. C.; ADUAN, R. E.; ANDRADE, S. R. M.; CARDOSO, A. N.; FEITOZA, L.; CORREA, I. A. M.; AMARAL, G. M.
bitstream/CPAC-2009/24385/1/p2003_30.pdf
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: ECFLOR600; Campo umido; CO2.; Carbono; Cerrado; Metano; Variação Sazonal.; Carbon; Seasonal variation.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/567531

Biomassa vegetal e carbono orgânico em capoeiras e agroecossistemas no Nordeste do Pará.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: TEIXEIRA, L. B.; OLIVEIRA, R. F. de.
bitstream/item/34390/1/ORIENTAL-BP6.pdf
Tipo: Séries anteriores (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Distribuicao de biomassa; Disponibilidade do carbono organico; Sistema agrosilvipastoril; Castanha do brasil; Pará; Agrosilvopastoral systems.; Cacau; Brachiaria Humidicola; Capoeira; Consorciação de Cultura; Theobroma Cacao.; Brazil nuts; Biomass; Brazil; Carbon; Intercropping; Secondary forests.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/377216

Soil carbon sequestration and mulch-based cropping in the cerrado region of Brazil.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: CORBEELS, M.; SCOPEL, E.; CARDOSO, A.; DOUZET, J-M.; SIQUEIRA NETO, M.; BERNOUX, M.
bitstream/CPAC-2009/25318/1/p2004_38.pdf
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Dinâmica; Cover plants.; Carbono; Cerrado; Matéria Orgânica; Planta de Cobertura; Química do Solo.; Dynamics; Carbon; Organic matter; Soil chemistry.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/568320

Protocolos aplicados nas amostragens para as estimativas de emissão de metano pelos bovinos no Pantanal.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: OLIVEIRA, L. O. F. de; FERNANDES, A. H. B. M.; FERNANDES, F. A.; SANTOS, S. A.; CRISPIM, S. M. A.; GARCIA, J. B.; SANTOS, R. dos.
A principal atividade econômica do Pantanal é a pecuária bovina de corte, a qual vem convivendo harmoniosamente no ambiente há mais de 200 anos (ABREU et al., 2008), reciclando nutrientes e gerando renda à sua população. No entanto, os processos fermentativos ocorridos no rúmen dos bovinos com a finalidade de degradação da fibra (celulose e hemicelulose, principalmente), além da geração de energia e outros nutrientes utilizados no metabolismo animal, produzem também, de acordo com as dietas, menor ou maior quantidade do gás metano (CH4), havendo necessidade do conhecimento deste volume de emissão. Além de outras medidas necessárias para os avanços nos estudos sobre o ciclo do C na pecuária pantaneira, as estimativas de emissão de metano constituem papel...
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Produção animal; Pecuária; Manejo; Carbono; Biogás; Metano.; Carbon; Methane.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1036802

Carbono da biomassa microbiana e atividade biologica em solos sob sistemas integrados de culturas anuais e pastagens.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: OLIVEIRA, J. R. A.; MENDES, I. de C.; VILELA, L.; VIVALDI, L. J.; VARGAS, M. A. T.
bitstream/item/107043/1/pesq-35.pdf
Tipo: Outras publicações técnicas (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Biomassa; Carbono; Cerrado; Pastagem; Solo.; Biomass; Carbon; Pastures.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/546330

Transformações do carbono no solo.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: PULROLNIK, K.
bitstream/CPAC-2010/31495/1/doc-264.pdf
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Solo; Carbono; Soil; Carbon.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/664366

Biomassa microbiana e atividade enzimatica em solos de Cerrado e sistemas agricolas anuais e perenes na regiao de Primavera do Leste/MT.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: MATSUOKA, M.; MENDES, I. de C.; LOUREIRO, M. de F.
bitstream/CPAC-2009/24610/1/bolpd_34.pdf
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Enzimic activity; Microbial flora.; Atividade Enzimática; Biomassa; Bioquímica do Solo; Carbono; Cerrado; Fosfatase Ácida; Microbiologia do Solo; População Microbiana; Solo.; Acid phosphatase; Biochemistry; Biomass; Carbon; Soil; Soil biology.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/559753

Detecting Regional Modes of Variability in Observation-Based Surface Ocean pCO(2)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Landschuetzer, Peter; Ilyina, Tatiana; Lovenduski, Nicole S.
We use a neural network-based estimate of the sea surface partial pressure of CO2 (pCO(2)) derived from measurements assembled within the Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas to investigate the dominant modes of pCO(2) variability from 1982 through 2015. Our analysis shows that detrended and deseasonalized sea surface pCO(2) varies substantially by region and the respective frequencies match those from the major modes of climate variability (Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, Pacific Decadal Oscillation, multivariate ENSO index, Southern Annular Mode), suggesting a climate modulated air-sea exchange of CO2. We find that most of the regional pCO(2) variability is driven by changes in the ocean circulation and/or changes in biology, whereas the North Atlantic variability...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ocean; CO2; Variability; Carbon; Climate; Observations.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00675/78733/80972.pdf

Changing Biogeochemistry of the Southern Ocean and Its Ecosystem Implications
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Henley, Sian F.; Cavan, Emma L.; Fawcett, Sarah E.; Kerr, Rodrigo; Monteiro, Thiago; Sherrell, Robert M.; Bowie, Andrew R.; Boyd, Philip W.; Barnes, David K. A.; Schloss, Irene R.; Marshall, Tanya; Flynn, Raquel; Smith, Shantelle.
The Southern Ocean plays a critical role in regulating global climate as a major sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), and in global ocean biogeochemistry by supplying nutrients to the global thermocline, thereby influencing global primary production and carbon export. Biogeochemical processes within the Southern Ocean regulate regional primary production and biological carbon uptake, primarily through iron supply, and support ecosystem functioning over a range of spatial and temporal scales. Here, we assimilate existing knowledge and present new data to examine the biogeochemical cycles of iron, carbon and major nutrients, their key drivers and their responses to, and roles in, contemporary climate and environmental change. Projected increases in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Southern Ocean; Biogeochemistry; Primary production; Iron; Nutrients; Carbon; Ecosystem; Ocean acidification.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00676/78831/81113.pdf

Recherche et élimination des facteurs inhibiteurs de croissance dans les élevages piscicoles en circuit fermé
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Leonard, Noemie.
Recirculation of the water of fish rearing systems requires a biological treatment based on the nitrifying activity of autotrophic bacteria. In parallel heterotrophic bacterial populations utilise the organic substrate, produced by the fish, to grow. Opposite to the autotrophic populations, the heterotrophic bacteria (1) have a quick growth and (2) might contain fish pathogenic strains. The main aim was to characterise the heterotrophic bacteria populations ?.nd to understand (1) which parameters do control the dynamics of their populations and (2) their influence on the quality of the recirculating water. In a rearing system, the heterotrophic bacterial populations are stable in number and in genus, for a given operating mode. The bacteria are either...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Gills; Bacterium; Humics substances; Fish; Ozone; Aquiculture; Carbone; Branchies; Bacterie; Substances humiques; Poisson; Ozone; Aquaculture.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2000/these-1728.pdf

A growing oceanic carbon uptake: Results from an inversion study of surface pCO(2) data
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Majkut, Joseph D.; Sarmiento, J. L.; Rodgers, K. B.
Concerted community efforts have been devoted to producing an authoritative climatology of air-sea CO2 fluxes, but identifying decadal trends in CO2 fluxes has proven to be more challenging. The available surface pCO(2) estimates are too sparse to separate long-term trends from decadal and seasonal variability using simple linear models. We introduce Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling as a novel technique for estimating the historical pCO(2) at the ocean surface. The result is a plausible history of surface pCO(2) based on available measurements and variability inferred from model simulations. Applying the method to a modern database of pCO(2) data, we find that two thirds of the ocean surface is trending toward increasing uptake of CO2, with a mean (year...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Assimilation; LDEO2010; Trend.
Ano: 2014
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00290/40156/38724.pdf

Trophic dynamics of scleractinian corals: stable isotope evidence
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Tremblay, Pascale; Maguer, Jean-francois; Grover, Renaud; Ferrier-pages, Christine.
Reef-building corals form symbioses with dinoflagellates from the diverse genus Symbiodinium. This symbiotic association has developed adaptations to acquire and share nutrients, which are essential for its survival and growth in nutrient-poor tropical waters. The host is thus able to prey on a wide range of organic food sources (heterotrophic nutrition) whereas the symbionts acquire most of the inorganic nutrients (autotrophic nutrition). However, nutrient fluxes between the two partners remain unclear, especially concerning heterotrophically acquired carbon and nitrogen. We combined physiological measurements and pulse-chase isotopic labeling of heterotrophic carbon and nitrogen, as well as autotrophic carbon to track nutrient fluxes in two coral...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Autotrophy; Carbon; Heterotrophy; Irradiance; Isotopic labeling; Nitrogen; Stylophora pistillata; Symbiodinium; Symbiosis; Turbinaria reniformis.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00270/38145/73160.pdf

Dynamique hivernale des nutriments et du carbone dans les exutoires du Marais poitevin et flux terrestres associés en Baie de l’Aiguillon
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Marchand, Marie.
  Coastal environments represent key systems in biogeochemical cycle couplings between continents, oceans and the atmosphere. Despite its relatively modest surface area (7 % of global ocean), this zone accounts for 14-30 % of all oceanic primary production. The amount of nutrients (N, P, C, Si) carried by terrestrial aquatic systems directly influences the primary production, the food web structure and the overall quality of these coastal environments. The present study deals with autumn-winter carbon and nutrients dynamics over terrestrial waters of the Marais poitevin watershed flowing to the Aiguillon bay (west of France). Five heterogeneous watercourses were sampled twice a month since January 2017 to measure nutrients and carbon concentrations and...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Zones côtières; Cycles biogéochimiques; Carbone; Nutriments; PCO2; Marais poitevin; Coastal areas; Biogeochemical cycles; Carbon; Nutrients; PCO2; Marais poitevin.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00393/50487/51223.pdf

Spatio-temporal variation in diet may affect condition and abundance of juvenile European hake in the Gulf of Lions (NW Mediterranean)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Ferraton, Franck; Harmelin Vivien, Mireille; Mellon-duval, Capucine; Souplet, Arnauld.
Variations in space and time of juvenile hake diet (5 to 19 cm total length, TL) were investigated in the Gulf of Lions (NW Mediterranean) and related to variation in C and N stable isotope ratios, condition and abundance. Crustaceans (mysids and euphausiids) dominated the diet of the smallest juvenile hake (5 to 9 cm. TL), and fishes (sardines and anchovies) of the largest juveniles (15 to 19 cm TL). The transition from a crustacean- to a fish-based diet occurred in medium-sized juveniles (10 to 14 cm TL), which preyed on both crustaceans and fishes (gobiids). These juveniles preyed on fishes when living in shallow waters (30 to 50 m), and crustaceans when located in deep waters (70 to 150 m). Although hake diet did not change over time in shallow waters...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Recruitment; Relative condition factor; Nitrogen; Carbon; Stable isotopes; Stomach contents; Merluccius merluccius.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-2627.pdf

Impact of climate change and variability on the global oceanic sink of CO2
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Quere, Corinne; Takahashi, Taro; Buitenhuis, Erik T.; Roedenbeck, Christian; Sutherland, Stewart C.
About one quarter of the CO2 emitted to the atmosphere by human activities is absorbed annually by the ocean. All the processes that influence the oceanic uptake of CO2 are controlled by climate. Hence changes in climate (both natural and human-induced) are expected to alter the uptake of CO2 by the ocean. However, available information that constrains the direction, magnitude, or rapidity of the response of ocean CO2 to changes in climate is limited. We present an analysis of oceanic CO2 trends for 1981 to 2007 from data and a model. Our analysis suggests that the global ocean responded to recent changes in climate by outgassing some preindustrial carbon, in part compensating the oceanic uptake of anthropogenic CO2. Using a model, we estimate that climate...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ocean; Carbon; CO2 sink.
Ano: 2010
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00253/36412/34957.pdf

Isotopic composition and speciation of sedimentary nitrogen and carbon in the Okinawa Trough over the past 30 ka
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Zheng, Li-wei; Hsiao, Silver Sung-yun; Ding, Xiao-dong; Li, Dawei; Chang, Yuan-pin; Kao, Shuh-ji.
Total organic carbon to total nitrogen ratios (C/N) and their isotopic compositions (δ13CTOC and δ15NTN) are oft-applied proxies to discern terrigenous from marine-sourced organics and to unravel ancient environmental information. In high depositional Asian marginal seas, the inclusion of N-bearing minerals in the bulk sediment dilutes or masks signals sought after in δ15N and δ13C analyses, thus leading to incorrect and even contradictory interpretations. We used KOH-KOBr to separate operationally defined total organic matter into oxidizable (labile) and residual fractions for content and isotope measurements. In a sediment core in the Okinawa Trough, significant amounts of carbon and nitrogen existed in the residual phase, in which the C/N ratio was ~9,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Nitrogen; Isotope; Okinawa Trough; Sediment; Total organic carbon.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00295/40584/39503.pdf

Dynamique du carbone et des nutriments dans la zone côtière Baie de l’Aiguillon-Pertuis Breton et influence des apports terrestres du bassin versant du Marais poitevin
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Lannuzel, Reva.
Coastal zones represent key systems in biogeochemical cycle couplings between continents, oceans and the atmosphere transporting considerable amounts of matter, energy and nutrients (C, N, P et Si) from land to sea. Despite its relatively modest surface area (7 % of the global ocean surface), this zone accounts for 14–30 % of all oceanic primary production. The present study deals with nutrients and carbon dynamics during a full hydrologic cycle in 2017 over the terrestrial-aquatic continuum formed by the Poitevin Marsh-Aiguillon Bay- Breton Sound to better understand terrestrial export influence on the coastal zone. Carbon and nutrient concentrations were sampled twice a month over heterogeneous sites (estuaries, channels and coastal sites) to integrate...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Zone côtière; Biogéochimie; Carbone; Nutriments; Chlorophylle a; Limitation potentielle et réelle; Dynamique.; Coastal zone; Biogeochemistry; Carbon; Nutrients; Chlorophyll a; Real and potential limitation; Spatio-temporal dynamic.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00445/55647/57299.pdf

Trophic resource partitioning of two snook fish species (Centropomidae) in tropical estuaries in Brazil as evidenced by stable isotope analysis
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Guazzelli Gonzalez, Julio; Ménard, Frédéric; Le Loc'H, François; Agrelli De Andrade, Humber; Pontes Viana, Andréa; Ferreira, Valdimere; Frédou, Flávia Lucena; Lira, Alex Souza; Munaron, Jean-marie; Frédou, Thierry.
We investigated the trophic niches and the resource partitioning of two snook species, the common (Centropomus undecimalis) and the fat snook (C. parallelus), in four tropical estuaries of the northeastern Brazil, using stable isotope analyses of carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N). Fish specimens, mainly juveniles, basal resources and a primary consumer were collected in 2015 during dry and rainy seasons in all estuaries, which exhibited differences in system size, geomorphologic shapes, levels of sea access and anthropic pressures. Potential effect of factors like fish body length, estuary and seasonality on isotope ratios were investigated. Positive relationships between the size of fish and δ15N values were found, regardless the species. Our results...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Brackish water fish; Trophic relationships; Carbon; Nitrogen; Centropomus.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00506/61767/65745.pdf

Accumulation des sels nutritifs dans un sédiment lagunaire et environnement hydrodynamique
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Gomez, E; Millet, B; Picot, B.
The Mejean-Perols Lagoon is situated on the French Mediterranean coast. It is a small (747 ha) and shallow (70 cm) lagoon. Some treated effluent from Montpellier flows into this hypereutrophic lagoon. The cartography of C, N and P concentrations in the sediment was studied based on 35 bottom samples. The nitrogen and organic carbon concentrations were more or less homogeneous, the highest concentrations being found in the middle of the lagoon. The phosphate was principally bound onto the sediment in the west zone. The observed distribution was independent of grain size, the distribution of which was rather homogeneous. In this lagoon water circulation is wind induced. Four different water flow structures were observed, as functions of the prevailing winds...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Sédiment; Lagune côtière; Hydrodynamique; Sels nutritifs; Carbone; Sediment; Coastal lagoon; Hydrodynamics; Nutrients; Carbon.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00325/43642/43247.pdf

Characterization of sea water ageing effects on mechanical properties of carbon/epoxy composites for tidal turbine blades
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Tual, Nicolas; Carrere, N.; Davies, Peter; Bonnemains, T.; Lolive, E.
In recent years, many tidal turbine projects have been developed using composites blades. Tidal turbine blades are subject to ocean forces and sea water aggressions, and the reliability of these components is crucial to the profitability of ocean energy recovery systems. The majority of tidal turbine developers have preferred carbon/epoxy blades, so there is a need to understand how prolonged immersion in the ocean affects these composites. In this study the long term behaviour of different carbon/epoxy composites has been studied using accelerated ageing tests. A significant reduction of composite strengths has been observed after saturation of water in the material. For longer immersions only small further changes in these properties occur. No...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Seawater ageing; Diffusion; Mechanical testing.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00278/38964/37504.pdf

An observing system simulation for Southern Ocean carbon dioxide uptake
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Majkut, Joseph D.; Carter, Brendan R.; Froelicher, Thomas L.; Dufour, Carolina O.; Rodgers, Keith B.; Sarmiento, Jorge L.
The Southern Ocean is critically important to the oceanic uptake of anthropogenic CO2. Up to half of the excess CO2 currently in the ocean entered through the Southern Ocean. That uptake helps to maintain the global carbon balance and buffers transient climate change from fossil fuel emissions. However, the future evolution of the uptake is uncertain, because our understanding of the dynamics that govern the Southern Ocean CO2 uptake is incomplete. Sparse observations and incomplete model formulations limit our ability to constrain the monthly and annual uptake, interannual variability and long-term trends. Float-based sampling of ocean biogeochemistry provides an opportunity for transforming our understanding of the Southern Ocean CO2 flux. In this work,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Southern Ocean; Observational system simulation experiment.
Ano: 2014
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00290/40115/38747.pdf

Calibration of the carbon isotope composition (C-13) of benthic foraminifera
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Schmittner, Andreas; Bostock, Helen C.; Cartapanis, Olivier; Curry, William B.; Filipsson, Helena L.; Galbraith, Eric D.; Gottschalk, Julia; Carlos Herguera, Juan; Hoogakker, Babette; Jaccard, Samuel L.; Lisiecki, Lorraine E.; Lund, David C.; Martinez-mendez, Gema; Lynch-stieglitz, Jean; Mackensen, Andreas; Michel, Elisabeth; Mix, Alan C.; Oppo, Delia W.; Peterson, Carlye D.; Repschlaeger, Janne; Sikes, Elisabeth L.; Spero, Howard J.; Waelbroeck, Claire.
The carbon isotope composition (C-13) of seawater provides valuable insight on ocean circulation, air-sea exchange, the biological pump, and the global carbon cycle and is reflected by the C-13 of foraminifera tests. Here more than 1700 C-13 observations of the benthic foraminifera genus Cibicides from late Holocene sediments (C-13(Cibnat)) are compiled and compared with newly updated estimates of the natural (preindustrial) water column C-13 of dissolved inorganic carbon (C-13(DICnat)) as part of the international Ocean Circulation and Carbon Cycling (OC3) project. Using selection criteria based on the spatial distance between samples, we find high correlation between C-13(Cibnat) and C-13(DICnat), confirming earlier work. Regression analyses indicate...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Isotopes; Benthic; Foraminifera; Calibration.
Ano: 2017
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00661/77326/78788.pdf

Origine, devenir et contrôle de la matière particulaire dans les élevages de poissons marins en système recyclé
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Franco, Miguel.
The particulate matter plays an essential role in the functioning of recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). Rich in organic substances, it provides ideal conditions for the bacterial development, which contribute to its mineralization. The understanding of interactions between the bio-geochemical cycles of carbon and nitrogen in these processes is necessary to define an effective and adapted management of aquaculture facilities.  A methodology using natural stable isotopes (13C and 15N) and elemental carbon and nitrogen analysis on particulate matter, allows to identify its sources and to quantify its fluxes. Applying this methodology, we found an enrichment of 13C in dorsal muscle of reared fish and non differences of 13C in fish liver compared to the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Nitrogen; Carbon; Isotopes; Organic matter; Particulate matter; Dicentrarchus labrax; Seabass; Recirculating systems; Aquaculture; Azote; Carbone; Isotopes; Matière organique; Matière particulaire; Dicentrarchus labrax; Bar; Système de recirculation; Aquaculture.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/these-322.pdf

The future is now: marine aquaculture in the anthropocene
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pernet, Fabrice; Browman, Howard I.
Aquaculture now produces more seafood than wild capture fisheries and this production is expected to at least double by 2050. Representing almost half of global production, marine aquaculture will contribute to sustainably feeding the growing humanity. However, climate change will undoubtedly challenge the future growth of marine aquaculture. Temperature and sea-level rise, shifts in precipitation, freshening from glacier melt, changing ocean productivity, and circulation patterns, increasing occurrence of extreme climatic events, eutrophication, and ocean acidification are all stressors that will influence marine aquaculture. The objective of this themed article set was to bring together contributions on the broad theme of the potential impacts,...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Bivalve; Blue economy; Carbon; Climate change; Marine diseases; Mitigation; Ocean acidification; Plasticity; Salmon; Seaweed; Sustainability.
Ano: 2021
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00682/79406/81951.pdf

Food web structure of a Mediterranean coralligeneous ecosystem
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Belloni, Bruno; Sartoretto, Stephane; Cresson, Pierre; Bouchoucha, Marc; Guillou, Gael; Lebreton, Benoit; Ruitton, Sandrine; Harmelin-vivien, Mireille.
The coralligenous ecosystem is one of the biodiversity hotspots in the Mediterranean Sea. This study aims at determining (i) the organic matter (OM) sources at the base of the food web in a coralligenous  ecosystem  near  Marseille  (Cap  Caveau,  Frioul  Island)  and  (ii)  the  global functional structure of its community. For that purpose, C and N stable isotope analyses were performed on 78 compartments or species collected in this habitat between 30 and 40 m depth. Results  suggested  that  the  pelagic  particulate  organic  matter  (POM),  mainly  composed  of phytoplankton, was the main OM source fuelling coralligenous food webs, followed by sedimented organic matter (SOM) and some macrophytes. At least three level of consumers were identified from...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Food webs; Coralligenous ecosystem; Stable isotopes; Carbon; Nitrogen.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00483/59511/62396.pdf

Allocation du carbone et métabolisme azoté chez l'haptophyte Tisochrysis lutea
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Garnier, Matthieu.
The aim of this thesis is to improve knowledge on mechanisms involved in the response to nitrogen limitation and in lipid accumulation in the microalgae haptophyte Tisochrysis lutea. The wild type strain and a lipid accumulating mutant strain were grown under different nitrogen limitation and starvation and analyzed by functional genomics. Four genes of high-affinity nitrate/nitrite transporter (Nrt2) were identified and characterized to reveal the mechanisms involved in mineral absorption in this species. Transcriptomes of both strains were sequenced and proteins affected by nitrogen starvation and differentially expressed between the two strains were identified. We so identified the functions regulated by nitrogen deficiency and potentially involved in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Microalgues; Métabolisme; Azote; Carbone; Lipides; Genomique fonctionelle; Protéomique; Transcriptomique; Microalgae; Metabolism; Nitrogen; Carbon; Lipids; Functional genomics; Proteomics; Transcriptomics.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00353/46378/46000.pdf

Dark metabolism and carbon-nitrogen uncoupling in the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella (Dinophyceae)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Jauzein, Cecile; Collos, Yves; Laabir, Mohamed; Vaquer, Andre.
Uptake rates of three potential N-sources (ammonium, nitrate and N-urea) and two potential C-sources (HCO(3)(-) and C-urea) were estimated during growth of Alexandrium catenella in both light and dark phases. According to the variations observed in (13)C-isotopic ratio, A. catenella cells were not able to use C-urea. Furthermore, decreases in (13)C cell content during darkness revealed a probably high involvement of C recently fixed in dark respiration. Dark N-uptake capacities of A. catenella were characterized by dark/light uptake ratio of 27%, 43% and 65% for NO(3)(-), NH(4)(+) and N-urea, respectively. An accumulation of C-rich compounds during the light period was highlighted through strong diel variations in C:N ratio and would provide C and energy...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Diel cycle; Dark uptake; Nitrogen; Carbon; Uncoupling; Alexandrium catenella.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00056/16699/14199.pdf

Matière en suspension et sédimentation dans la lagune de Thau
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Pichot, Paul; Deslous-paoli, Jean-marc; Juge, Claude.
Thau is a mediterranean lagoon with a large productive stock of molluscs (oysters, mussels) cultivated on suspended tines and colonised by epibionta (ascidia and others invertebrates, algae, etc ... ). This study was developed as part of the PNOC-OXYTHAU.programme. Its aim was to analyze the effects of oyster farrning on water-mass surrounding structures loaded with suspended molluscs and proximal watermass separating these structures. This study concems particulate suspended matter and deposits of particulate organic matter on the bottom after sedimnentation. Biochemical measurements were carried out for nitrogen, carbon,  proteins, lipids and carbohydrates. ln order to estimate sedimentaton, bottom sediment traps were used
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Méditérranée; Etang de Thau; Matière en suspension; Azote; Carbone; Protites; Lipides; Glucides; Sédimentation; Mediterranean; Lagoon of Thau; Particulate suspended mattter; Nitrogen; Carbon; Proteins; Lipids; Carbohydraes; Sedimentation.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00425/53662/54501.pdf

Isotopic profile and mercury concentration in fish of the lower portion of the rio Paraíba do Sul watershed, southeastern Brazil
Provedor de dados: 83
Autores: Rocha,Adélia R. M.; Di Beneditto,Ana Paula M.; Pestana,Inácio A.; Souza,Cristina Maria M. de.
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the isotopic profile and mercury (Hg) concentrations in fish (carnivores, omnivores and detritivores) in the lower portion of the rio Paraíba do Sul watershed, southeastern Brazil. Carbon (δ13C) isotopic analyses revealed that pelagic and benthonic sources are part of the feeding of the fish from the different guilds (-14.0 to -24.8 ‰). The benthic sources are usually enriched in δ13C (-16.9‰, from watershed runoff) compared to pelagic sources because the phytoplankton, important primary producer that supports several pelagic chains, has δ13C signature lighter (-23.9‰). The nitrogen (δ15N) isotopic signatures indicated that most guilds were at the same trophic position (10.0 to 15.5 ‰), except for pelagic...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Freshwater; Hg; Nitrogen; Trophic guilds.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252015000400723

Mercury and stable isotopes (δ15N and δ13C) as tracers during the ontogeny of Trichiurus lepturus
Provedor de dados: 83
Autores: Beneditto,Ana Paula Madeira Di; Bittar,Vanessa Trindade; Rezende,Carlos Eduardo de; Camargo,Plínio Barbosa; Kehrig,Helena Amaral.
This study applies total mercury (THg) concentration and stable isotope signature (δ15N and δ13C) to evaluate the trophic status and feeding ground of Trichiurus lepturus during its ontogeny in northern Rio de Janeiro, south-eastern Brazil. The trophic position of T. lepturus is detected well by THg and δ15N as the sub-adult planktivorous specimens are distinct from the adult carnivorous specimens. The δ13C signatures suggest a feeding ground associated with marine coastal waters that are shared by fish in different ontogenetic phases. The diet tracers indicated that the fish feeding habits do not vary along seasons of the year, probably reflecting the prey availability in the study area. This fish has economic importance and the concentration of THg was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Diet tracers; Nitrogen; Trace element; Trichiurus lepturus.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252013000100211

Primary carbon sources for juvenile penaeid shrimps in a mangrove-fringed Bay of Inhaca Island, Mozambique: a dual carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Macia, A.
A study to estimate the relative importance of mangrove primary carbon and nitrogen sources to five commercial penaeid shrimps species was done at Saco da Inhaca, a non-estuarine mangrove-fringed bay on Inhaca Island, southern Mozambique. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios were determined in a variety of primary producers (mangroves, epiphytes, phytoplankton and seagrasses), sediments and in five penaeid shrimp species (Penaeus (Fenneropenaeus) indicus, P. japonicus, P. semisulcatus, Metapenaeus monoceros and M. stebbingi), collected within the bay in different habitats and during two different periods. The penaeid shrimps showed   13C values ranging from â  13 to â  19 â °, (average of â  15.6 Â± 0.4 â °, n=19) which is highly enriched compared to...
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: PENAEUS INDICUS; METAPENAEUS MONOCEROS; METAPENAEUS STEBBINGI; PENAEUS  SEMISULCATUS; MARSUPENAEUS JAPONICUS; Shrimp culture; Nitrogen; Mangrove swamps; Carbon; Isotopes; Penaeid shrimp fisheries.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/1120

Cross-shelf biogeochemical characteristics of sediments in the central Benguela and their relationship to overlying water column hypoxia
Provedor de dados: 20
Autores: Monteiro, P.M.S.; Van Der Plas, Anja; Pascall, A.
Data from two cross-shelf sediment sampling cruises were used to explain reasons for the sediment biogeochemical variability in respect of carbon, nitrogen and sulphur, and how the cycling of these elements governs the biogeochemistry of the overlying water through their control of the redox conditions. The spatial extent of this benthic–pelagic flux link is limited to the innershelf mud belt system on the Namibian shelf. The inshore mud belt is the primary deposition area of the carbon and nitrogen new production export flux. The offshore organic-rich zones are thought to be relict particulate organic matter originating from the inshore mud belt rather than from an overlying pelagic source. These data were used to set up a multi-layer sediment model that...
Tipo: Journal Contribution
Palavras-chave: Anoxia; Carbon; Hypoxia; Modelling; Sediments; Carbon; Anoxia; Hypoxia; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1301; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_8831; Http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_24472.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/2129

Proceedings of the Consultative Group Discussion on Research needs and strategies for control of sorghum root and stalk rot diseases
Provedor de dados: 30
Palavras-chave: Crops; Tropical zones; Sorghum; Drought stress; Fungi; Pathogens; Genotypes; Carbon; Fungicides.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/openaccess/?q=node/4164

Sorghum root and stalk rots: basic disease problems. Summary and synthesis
Provedor de dados: 30
Autores: L.K.
Palavras-chave: Crops; Tropical zones; Sorghum; Drought stress; Fungi; Pathogens; Genotypes; Carbon; Fungicides.
Ano: 1983
URL: http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/openaccess/?q=node/3171

Sorghum and pearl millet disease identification handbook
Provedor de dados: 30
Autores: R.J.
Palavras-chave: Sorghum; Fungi; Millets; Witchweed; Diseases; Environmental factors; Grain; Sugarcane; Bears; Carbon.
Ano: 1978
URL: http://agropedia.iitk.ac.in/openaccess/?q=node/4243

Observations on the feeding ecology of estuarine nematodes
Provedor de dados: 27
Autores: Moens, T.; Vincx, M.
Observations on living estuarine nematodes show that previous feeding type classifications do not accurately represent the trophic structure of an intertidal mudflat in the Westerschelde Estuary (Netherlands). A new scheme with six major nematode feeding guilds is proposed: (1) microvores; (2) ciliate feeders; and (3) deposit feeders sensu stricto are all nematodes without a distinct buccal armature. In the first two groups bacteria and protozoa, respectively are the major particulate food sources, while other items are included in the diet of the third. The three other categories are recognized among the nematodes with a buccal armature: (4) epigrowth feeders; (5) facultative predators; and (6) predators. Diatoms and other microalgae are an important...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biology; Biomass; Carbon; Habits; Habits; Meiobenthos; Water.
Ano: 1997
URL: http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=7298

Feeding biology of a predatory and a facultatively predatory nematode (&lt;i&gt;Enoploides longispiculosus&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Adoncholaimus fuscus&lt;/i&gt;)
Provedor de dados: 27
Autores: Moens, T.; Verbeeck, L.; Vincx, M.
This paper reports on the feeding biology of a predatory and of a facultatively predatory nematode, &lt;i&gt;Enoploides longispiculosus&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Adoncholaimus fuscus&lt;/i&gt;, respectively. Both species represent genera which are common and abundant in the littoral of the North Sea and in adjacent estuaries. Observations on the foraging behaviour of both species are given, and for the former species, a range of prey from its natural habitat is identified. Respiration was determined using a polarographic oxygen electrode technique and compared to consumption determined as predation rates on the monhysterid nematode &lt;i&gt;Diplolaimelloides meyli&lt;/i&gt;. The daily C-loss due to respiration accounted for 15% of the measured C-consumption...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Communities; Communities; Communities; Ecology; Flat; Food; Marine; Meiobenthos; Water.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.vliz.be/nl/open-marien-archief?module=ref&refid=7336

Short-term variations in flux and spatial variability of soil CO2 in native forest
Provedor de dados: 190
Autores: D’Andrea, Alexandre Fonseca; Silva, Marx Leandro Naves; Freitas, Diego Antonio França de; Curi, Nilton; Silva, Carlos Alberto.
Soil is an important compartment of carbon in terrestrial ecosystem, retaining substantial quantity of this element in organic forms, mainly in forest areas. The understanding of the factors that affect the fluxes of soil CO2 is the basic to the reduction of emissions of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. The objective of this work was to evaluate the patterns of spatial variability of soil CO2 flux in native forest in a very clayey dystroferric Red Latosol (Oxisol), in Lavras city, Minas Gerais state, Brazil. A grid of 32 points was delimited, regularly spaced in 5 m distance, in which the CO2 flux and environmental factors (water evaporation, temperature and soil moisture) and attributes related to fertility (pH, base soil saturation and exchangeable...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Environmental factors; Carbon; Organic matter; Linear correlation. fatores ambientais; Carbono; Matéria orgânica; Correlação linear.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://pfb.cnpf.embrapa.br/pfb/index.php/pfb/article/view/169

Biomassa de espécies florestais em área de caatinga arbórea
Provedor de dados: 190
Autores: Virgens, Aline Pereira; Barreto-Garcia, Patrícia Anjos Bittencourt; Paula, Alessandro de; Carvalho, Flávia Ferreira de; Aragão, Mariana de Aquino; Monroe, Paulo Henrique Marques.
Estudos sobre quantificação de biomassa florestal na Caatinga ganham importância diante da escassez de informações relacionadas ao tema no bioma e, em particular, no estado da Bahia. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os estoques de biomassa e sua distribuição nos componentes da parte aérea de espécies florestais de maior densidade populacional e o potencial de utilização do fator de expansão de biomassa (FEB) médio para obtenção de estimativas de biomassa aérea em área de Caatinga localizada na Floresta Nacional Contendas do Sincorá, BA. A biomassa foi quantificada pelo método destrutivo. Foram selecionadas e abatidas árvores representativas das nove espécies de maior densidade populacional, distribuídas em três classes diamétricas. As quantidades...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Recursos Florestais; Engenharia Florestal Floresta nacional; Biomassa acima do solo; Carbono National Forest; Above-ground biomass; Carbon.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://pfb.cnpf.embrapa.br/pfb/index.php/pfb/article/view/1465

Forest Carbon Sequestration: Some Issues for Forest Investments
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sedjo,   Roger A.
A major problem being faced by human society is that the global temperature is believed to be rising due to human activity that releases carbon dioxide to the atmosphere; i.e., global warming. The major culprit is thought to be fossil fuel burning, which is releasing increasing amounts of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The problem of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide can be addressed a number of ways. One of these is forestry and forest management. This paper examines a number of current issues related to mitigating the global warming problem through forestry. First, the overall carbon cycle is described, and the potential impact of forests on the buildup of atmospheric carbon is examined. A major focus is the means by which forests and forest...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Forests; Carbon; Sinks; Sequestration; Forest management; Kyoto Protocol; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q10; Q15; Q21; Q23; Q24.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10571

The Case for Intensity Targets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pizer,   William A.
While the rest of the world has pursued absolute emissions limits for greenhouse gases, the Bush administration has proposed an alternative policy formulation based, among other things, on reducing emissions intensity-that is, emissions per dollar of real gross domestic product. Critics of this formulation have denounced the general idea of an intensity-based emissions target, along with its voluntary nature and weak targets. This raises the question of whether intensity-based emissions limits, distinct from the other features of the Bush initiative, offer a useful alternative to absolute emissions limits. This paper makes the case that they do, based on how emissions targets are framed. The argument draws on four key observations: greenhouse gas emissions...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Climate; Policy; Intensity; Global warming; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q54; Q58; Q56.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10917

Between Estimates of the Environmental Kuznets Curve
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Stern,   David I.
Acknowledgements: Elbert Dijkgraaf for providing the data used in their paper.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Sulfur; Environmental Kuznets curve; Between estimator; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods; C23; Q53; Q56.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94883

The New Roadmap for Measuring and Valuing Carbon in the Agribusiness Sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Williams,   Dawson.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Greenhouse gas emissions; Agribusiness; Carbon market; Agribusiness; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q; D.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54576

The Effect of Allowance Allocation on the Cost of Carbon Emission Trading
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Burtraw,   Dallas; Palmer,   Karen L.; Bharvirkar,   Ranjit; Paul,   Anthony.
We investigate the cost-effectiveness and distributional effects of a revenue-raising auction, grandfathering, and a generation performance standard as alternative approaches for distributing carbon emission allowances in the electricity sector. We solve a detailed national electricity market model and find the auction is roughly one-half the societal cost of the other approaches. This result holds under a variety of assumptions about the future state of economic regulation and competition in the electricity sector. The differences in the cost of the approaches flow from the effect of each approach on electricity price. Grandfathering is the best for producers but it imposes a substantial cost on consumers. The generation performance standard yields the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Emission allowance trading; Allowance allocations; Electricity; Restructuring; Air pollution; Safety valve; Auction; Grandfathering; Generation performance standard; Output-based allocation; Cost-effectiveness; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q2; Q25; Q4; L94.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10536

A bioeconomic model of carbon trading within an Australian grazing enterprise
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gowen,   Rebecca; Rolfe,   John; Donaghy,   Peter.
The Carbon Farming Initiative (CFI) and other carbon trading programs have been promoted as alternative sources of income for agricultural producers, particularly those on marginal land. This paper presents the results of a bioeconomic model developed to compare the relative returns from a beef enterprise against changing regrowth management practices to sequester additional carbon and sell carbon offsets. The model is constructed based on a 1000 hectare parcel of land in Central Queensland and is calculated for two landtypes; Brigalow and Eucalypt. Assuming zero transaction costs and a 20 year contract period, a carbon-cattle enterprise has higher returns that a cattle-only enterprise at relatively low carbon prices for both land types. However, results...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Bioeconomic modelling; Grazing economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124311

Land-Use Change and Carbon Sinks: Econometric Estimation of the Carbon Sequestration Supply Function
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lubowski,   Ruben N.; Plantinga,   Andrew J.; Stavins,   Robert N.
When and if the United States chooses to implement a greenhouse gas reduction program, it will be necessary to decide whether carbon sequestration policies - such as those that promote forestation and discourage deforestation - should be part of the domestic portfolio of compliance activities. We investigate the cost of forest-based carbon sequestration. In contrast with previous approaches, we econometrically examine micro-data on revealed landowner preferences, modeling six major private land uses in a comprehensive analysis of the contiguous United States. The econometric estimates are used to simulate landowner responses to sequestration policies. Key commodity prices are treated as endogenous and a carbon sink model is used to predict changes in...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Abatement; Carbon; Climate change; Costs; Forestry; Greenhouse gases; Land use; Land-use change; Sequestration; Land Economics/Use; Q540; Q230; Q240; Q150.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10561

Modeling International Trends in Energy Efficiency and Carbon Emissions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Stern,   David I.
This study uses a stochastic production frontier to model energy efficiency trends, in 85 countries over a 37 year period. No structure is imposed on technological change over time, although differences in technology level across the countries are modelled as a stochastic function of explanatory variables. These variables are selected by a literature survey and a theoretical model of energy-efficient technology choice.   An improvement in a country’s energy efficiency is measured as a reduction in energy intensity, while holding constant that economy’s mix of inputs and outputs. All other things remaining constant, the country using the least energy per unit output is on the global best-practice frontier. The model is used to derive decompositions of...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Energy; Efficiency; Carbon; Emissions; Technological change; Between estimator; Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; O13; O33; O47; Q43; Q54; Q55; Q56.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/94950

Prospects for Carbon Capture and Storage Technologies
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Anderson,   Soren T.; Newell,   Richard G.
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies remove carbon dioxide from flue gases for storage in geologic formations or the ocean. We find that CCS is technically feasible and economically attractive within the range of carbon policies discussed domestically and internationally. Current costs are about $200 to $250 per ton of carbon, although costs are sensitive to fuel prices and other assumptions and could be reduced significantly through technical improvements. Near-term prospects favor CCS for certain industrial sources and electric power plants, with storage in depleted oil and gas reservoirs. Deep aquifers may provide an attractive longer-term storage option, whereas ocean storage poses greater technical and environmental uncertainty. Vast...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Capture; Storage; Sequestration; Climate change; Technology; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q30; Q40; O30.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10879

Carbon Sequestration with Reforestations and Biodiversity-Scenic Values
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Caparros,   Alejandro; Cerda,   Emilio; Ovando,   P.; Campos,   Pablo.
This paper presents an optimal control model to analyze reforestations with two different species, including commercial values, carbon sequestration and biodiversity or scenic values. We solve the model qualitatively with general functions and discuss the implications of partial or total internalization of environmental values, showing that internalizing only carbon sequestration may have negative impacts on biodiversity-scenic values. To evaluate the practical relevance, we compare reforestations in the South-west of Spain with cork-oaks (a slow growing native species) and with eucalyptus (a fast growing alien species). We do the analysis with two different carbon crediting methods: the Carbon Flow Method and the Ton Year Accounting Method. With the...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Optimal Control; Forests; Carbon; Sequestration; Biodiversity; Scenic; Stated Preferences; Carbon Accounting; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q23; Q26; Q51; Q57.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9323

Afforestation to increase the provision of ecosystem services: economic implications for Ukraine and beyond
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nijnik,   Maria; Oskam,   Arie J.; Nijnik,   Albert.
This paper analyses costs and benefits of planting trees on marginal lands across forestry zones in Ukraine with the purpose of using them for timber production, erosion prevention and climate change mitigation. The research reveals that establishment of new forests to increase timber production and alleviate soil erosion is economically and environmentally justified in some regions. Incorporating the effects of afforestation through on climate change mitigation increases social benefits.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Afforestation; Erosion; Carbon; Timber; Cost-benefit analysis; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51814

Carbon Footprint: A New Farm Management Consideration in the Southern High Plains
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Weinheimer,   Justin; Rajan,   Nithya; Johnson,   Phillip N.; Maas,   Stephan.
As concerns continue to mount regarding man induced impacts to the global climate, the SHPT region could be faced with a unique scenario in which the net carbon balance should be considered in the producer’s enterprise selection and production systems. Currently, the SHPT produces nearly one third of the U.S. cotton crop. Under a potential cap and trade system the challenge for the agricultural industry in the SHPT may be how to sustain the region’s economic base and production capabilities. Thus, the objective of this study was to measure the net carbon relationships between irrigated cotton and irrigated corn production systems on the SHPT using data from the Texas Alliance for Water Conservation (TAWC, 2009). Due to the unique management and production...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cape and Trade; Carbon; Farm management; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Q18; Q28; Q54; Q56.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61760

The Ancillary Carbon Benefits of SO2 Reductions from a Small-Boiler Policy in Taiyuan, PRC
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Morgenstern,   Richard D.; Krupnick,   Alan J.; Zhang,   Xuehua.
To reduce carbon emissions worldwide, it makes sense to consider the possibility of developed countries paying for carbon reductions in developing countries. Developing countries may be interested in such activities if the ancillary air pollution benefits are large. This paper reports on an RFF survey of the emissions benefits (and costs) of reducing sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions from small, coal-burning boilers in Taiyuan, an industrial, northern Chinese city that recently banned uncontrolled coal combustion in certain small boilers in the downtown area. We find significant carbon benefits in percentage terms-on the order of 50% to 95% reduction-associated with this SO2 control policy, with large reduction potential elsewhere in Taiyuan and China. While...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Air pollution; Informal sector; Ancillary benefits; Abatement costs; Survey; Environmental Economics and Policy; O12; L2; Q12; Q25; Q48.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10632

Forestry Sequestration of CO2 and Markets for Timber
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sedjo,   Roger A.; Sohngen,   Brent.
Forestry has been considered to have potential in reducing the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide by sequestrating carbon in above-ground timber and below-ground roots and soil. This potential has been noted in the Kyoto Protocol, which identified specific forestry activities for which carbon sequestration credits could be obtained. To date, a few forestry efforts have been undertaken for carbon purposes, but most of these efforts have been on a small scale. Proposals have been under discussion, however, that would result in the creation of very large areas of new forest for the purpose of offsetting some of the additional carbon that is being released into the atmosphere. Concerns are expressed, however, that large-scale sequestration operations...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Forests; Sequestration; Leakages; Timber markets; Prices; Models; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q10; Q15; Q21; Q23; Q24.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10778

Climate Policy Design under Uncertainty
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pizer,   William A.
The uncertainty surrounding both costs and benefits associated with global climate change mitigation creates enormous hurdles for scientists, stakeholders, and decision-makers. A key issue is how policy choices balance uncertainty about costs and benefits. This balance arises in terms of the time path of mitigation efforts as well as whether those efforts, by design, focus on effort or outcome. This paper considers two choices-price versus quantity controls and absolute versus relative/intensity emissions limits-demonstrating that price controls and intensity emissions limits favor certainty about cost over climate benefits and future emissions reductions. The paper then argues that in the near term, this favoritism is desired.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Climate; Policy; Intensity; Global warming; Uncertainty; Price; Quantity; Environmental Economics and Policy; D81; Q54; Q58.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10584

How A Cap-and-Trade Policy of Green House Gases Could Alter the Face of Agriculture in the South: A Spatial and Production Level Analysis.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Nalley,   Lawton Lanier; Popp,   Michael P.; Fortin,   Corey.
With the Waxman-Markey Bill passing the House and the Obama administration’s push to reduce carbon emissions, the likelihood of the implementation of some form of a carbon policy is increasing. This study estimates the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of the six largest crops produced in Arkansas using 63 different production practices as documented by University of Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service. From these GHG estimates a baseline state “carbon footprint” was estimated and a hypothetical cap-and-trade carbon reduction of 5, 10, and 20% was levied on Arkansas agriculture. Results show that while a modest reduction in GHG emissions (5%) would only affect crop allocations amongst certain crops while marginally reducing state net returns, a 20%...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cap-and-Trade; Carbon; Sustainability; Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q28; Q52; Q54; Q56.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/55717

Using Cellulosic Ethanol to ‘Go Green’: What Price for Carbon?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Miranowski,   John A.; Rosburg,   Alicia.
The revised Renewable Fuels Standard (RFS2) mandates that cellulosic biofuels be part of the liquid transportation fuel mix and contribute to reducing our carbon footprint.  Unfortunately, since no commercial cellulosic biorefinery exists and cellulosic biomass production is typically smaller scale than conventional crop production, limited knowledge exists of the actual costs of producing cellulosic biomass and converting it to cellulosic ethanol. Understanding of the implications of RFS2 requires a better understanding of the economics of producing cellulosic ethanol.  We use the Biofuel Breakeven model (BIOBREAK), a simple long run breakeven model that represents the feedstock supply system and biofuel refining process, along with estimates of the...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Biofuels; Biomass; Cellulosic Ethanol; RFS2; Carbon.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61395

Optimal management of a flammable forest providing timber and carbon sequestration benefits: an Australian case study
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Spring,   Daniel; Kennedy,   John O.S.; Mac Nally,   Ralph.
In deciding to keep or fell a forest stand given its age, the risk of loss of timber through wildfire is an important consideration. If trees also have value from sequestration of carbon, another effect of fire is the unplanned loss of stored carbon. Factors affecting the decision to keep or fell trees, and how much to spend on fire protection, are investigated using stochastic dynamic programming, using carbon sequestration in stands of mountain ash in Victoria as a case study. The effect of treating sawlogs as a permanent carbon sink after harvesting is explored.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Forest management; Timber; Carbon; Dynamic; Programming; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118504

Can Carbon Sinks Be Operational? RFF Workshop Proceedings
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sedjo,   Roger A.; Toman,   Michael.
An RFF Workshop brought together experts from around the world to assess the feasibility of using biological sinks to sequester carbon as part of a global atmospheric mitigation effort. The chapters of this proceeding are a result of that effort. Although the intent of the workshop was not to generate a consensus, a number of studies suggest that sinks could be a relatively inexpensive and effective carbon management tool. The chapters cover a variety of aspects and topics related to the monitoring and measurement of carbon in biological systems. They tend to support the view the carbon sequestration using biological systems is technically feasible with relatively good precision and at relatively low cost. Thus carbon sinks can be operational.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Sinks; Global warming; Sequestration; Forests; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q10; Q15; Q21; Q23; Q24.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10480

Modeling Economywide versus Sectoral Climate Policies Using Combined Aggregate-Sectoral Models
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pizer,   William A.; Burtraw,   Dallas; Harrington,   Winston; Newell,   Richard G.; Sanchirico,   James N.
Economic analyses of climate change policies frequently focus on reductions of energy-related carbon dioxide emissions via market-based, economywide policies. The current course of environment and energy policy debate in the United States, however, suggests an alternative outcome: inefficiently designed and/or sector-based policies. This paper uses a collection of specialized, sector-based models in conjunction with a computable general equilibrium model of the economy to examine and compare these policies at an aggregate level. We examine the relative cost of different policies designed to achieve the same quantity of emissions reductions. We find that excluding a limited number of sectors from an economywide policy does not significantly raise costs....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Carbon dioxide; Climate change; Climate policy; General equilibrium model; Partial equilibrium model; Cost; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q25; D58; D61; Q48.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/10502

Biomass and mineralmass estimates in a "cerrado" ecosystem
Provedor de dados: 88
Autores: Delitti,Welington Braz Carvalho; Meguro,Marico; Pausas,Juli Garcia.
This work aimed to develop allometric equations for tree biomass estimation, and to determine the site biomass in different "cerrado" ecosystems. Destructive sampling in a "campo cerrado" (open savanna) was carried out at the Biological Reserve of Moji-Guaçu, State of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. This "campo cerrado" (open savanna) grows under a tropical climate and on acid, low nutrient soils. Sixty wood plants were cut to ground level and measurements of diameter, height and weight of leaves and stems were taken. We selected the best equations among the most commonly used mathematical relations according to R² values, significance, and standard error. Both diameter (D) and height (H) showed good relationship with plant biomass, but the use of these...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Allometry; Carbon; Cerrados; Nutrient; Savannas.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-84042006000400003

Chemical and mineralogical changes in a Brazilian Rhodic Paleudult under different land use and managements
Provedor de dados: 90
Autores: Fink,Jessé Rodrigo; Inda,Alberto Vasconcellos; Almeida,Jaime Antonio de; Bissani,Carlos Alberto; Giasson,Elvio; Nascimento,Paulo César do.
Changes in land use and management can affect the dynamic equilibrium of soil systems and induce chemical and mineralogical alterations. This study was based on two long-term experiments (10 and 27 years) to evaluate soil used for no-tillage maize cultivation, with and without poultry litter application (NTPL and NTM), and with grazed native pasture fertilized with cattle droppings (GrP), on the chemical and mineralogical characteristics of a Rhodic Paleudult in Southern Brazil, in comparison with the same soil under native grassland (NGr). In the four treatments, soil was sampled from the 0.0-2.5 and 2.5-5.0 cm layers. In the air-dried fine soil (ADFS) fraction (∅ &lt; 2 mm), chemical characteristics of solid and liquid phases and the specific surface...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Soil management systems; Animal waste; Mineral stability.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832014000400026

Organic Matter Stocks and the Interactions of Humic Substances with Metals in Araucaria Moist Forest Soil with Humic and Histic Horizons
Provedor de dados: 90
Autores: Hanke,Daniel; Dick,Deborah Pinheiro.
ABSTRACT Soils with humic and histic horizons in tropical and subtropical ecosystems play an important role in determining the atmospheric C stock and its stabilization, climate regulation, water holding capacity, and environmental filtering, due to the different functions of soil organic matter (SOM). However, the processes and mechanisms that regulate SOM dynamics in these soils are not clear. The objectives of this study were: i) determine the C and N stocks and ii) investigate the SOM chemical fractions and their interactions with Fe and Al ions in soils with humic and histic horizons of a toposequence under Araucaria moist forest in southern Brazil. The soils sampled were classified as Humic Hapludox (top - not hydromorphic), Fluvaquentic Humaquepts...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Stabilization; Complexation; Organo-mineral; Histosol.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832017000100417

Soil CO2 flux: a method comparison of closed static chambers in a sugarcane field
Provedor de dados: 90
Autores: Ivo,Walane Maria Pereira de Mello; Salcedo,Ignacio Hernán.
A large variety of techniques have been used to measure soil CO2 released from the soil surface, and much of the variability observed between locations must be attributed to the different methods used by the investigators. Therefore, a minimum protocol of measurement procedures should be established. The objectives of this study were (a) to compare different absorption areas, concentrations and volumes of the alkali trapping solution used in closed static chambers (CSC), and (b) to compare both, the optimized alkali trapping solution and the soda-lime trapping using CSC to measure soil respiration in sugarcane areas. Three CO2 absorption areas were evaluated (7; 15 and 20 % of the soil emission area or chamber); two volumes of NaOH (40 and 80 mL) at three...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Alkaline traps; Carbon; Soil respiration.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832012000200011

Aggregate Stability in Soil with Humic and Histic Horizons in a Toposequence under Araucaria Forest
Provedor de dados: 90
Autores: Hanke,Daniel; Dick,Deborah Pinheiro.
ABSTRACT Aggregate stability is one of the most important factors in soil conservation and maintenance of soil environmental functions. The objective of this study was to investigate the aggregate stability mechanisms related to chemical composition of organic matter in soil profiles with humic and histic horizons in a toposequence under Araucaria moist forest in southern Brazil. The soils sampled were classified as Humic Hapludox (highest position), Fluvaquentic Humaquepts (lowest slope position), and Typic Haplosaprists (floodplain). The C and N contents were determined in bulk soil samples. The chemical composition of soil organic matter was evaluated by infrared spectroscopy. Aggregate stability was determined by applying increasing levels of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Soil structure; Ultrasound energy; Organo-mineral interaction; Hydrophobicity.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832017000100412

Organic and Nitrogen Fertilization of Soil under ‘Syrah’ Grapevine: Effects on Soil Chemical Properties and Nitrate Concentration
Provedor de dados: 90
Autores: Silva,Davi José; Bassoi,Luís Henrique; Rocha,Marlon Gomes da; Silva,Alexsandro Oliveira da; Deon,Magnus Dall’Igna.
ABSTRACT Viticulture is an activity of great social and economic importance in the lower-middle region of the São Francisco River valley in northeastern Brazil. In this region, the fertility of soils under vineyards is generally poor. To assess the effects of organic and nitrogen fertilization on chemical properties and nitrate concentrations in an Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo (Typic Plinthustalf), a field experiment was carried out in Petrolina, Pernambuco, on Syrah grapevines. Treatments consisted of two rates of organic fertilizer (0 and 30 m3 ha-1) and five N rates (0, 10, 20, 40, and 80 kg ha-1), in a randomized block design arranged in split plots, with five replications. The organic fertilizer levels represented the main plots and the N levels, the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Fertigation; Soil solution; Carbon; Micronutrients; Vitis vinifera.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832016000100503

Daily and seasonal patterns of CO2 fluxes and evapotranspiration in maize-grass intercropping
Provedor de dados: 91
Autores: Machado,Cássia B.; Lima,José R. de S.; Antonino,Antonio C. D.; Souza,Eduardo S. de; Souza,Rodolfo M. S.; Alves,Edevaldo M.
ABSTRACT Studies that investigate the relationships between CO2 fluxes and evapotranspiration (ET) are important for predicting how agricultural ecosystems will respond to climate changes. However, none was made on the maize-grass intercropping system in Brazil. The aim of this study was to determine the ET and CO2 fluxes in a signal grass pasture intercropped with maize, in São João, Pernambuco, Brazil, in a drought year. Furthermore, the soil water storage (SWS) and leaf area index (LAI) were determined. The latent heat flux was the main consumer of the available energy and the daily and seasonal ET and CO2 variations were mainly controlled by rainfall, through the changes in soil water content and consequently in SWS. The agroecosystem acted as an...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Eddy covariance; Carbon; Climate change.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662016000900777

Indicators of soil quality in the implantation of no-till system with winter crops
Provedor de dados: 124
Autores: Nogueira,Marco Antonio; Telles,Tiago Santos; Fagotti,Dáfila dos Santos Lima; Brito,Osmar Rodrigues; Prete,Cássio Egídio Cavenaghi; Guimarães,Maria de Fátima.
We assessed the effect of different winter crops on indicators of soil quality related to C and N cycling and C fractions in a Rhodic Kandiudult under no-till system at implantation, during two growing seasons, in Londrina PR Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks with split-plot in time arrangement, with four replications. The parcels were the winter crops: multicropping of cover crops with black oat (Avena strigosa), hairy vetch (Vicia villosa) and fodder radish (Raphanus sativus); sunflower (Heliantus annuus) intercropped with Urochloa ruziziensis; corn (Zea mays) intercropped with Urochloa; and corn; fodder radish; or wheat (Triticum aestivum) as sole crops. The subplots were the years: 2008 and 2009. Determinations consisted of total...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bioindicators; Organic Mater; Carbon; Microbial biomass.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1806-66902014000500014

NITROUS OXIDE EMISSION FROM FARM DAIRY EFFLUENT APPLICATION IN GRAZED GRASSLAND
Provedor de dados: 127
Autores: Bhandral,R; Bolan,N.S; Saggar,S.
Intensification in dairying and increased production of farm dairy effluent (FDE) has raised concerns about gaseous nitrogen (N) losses and their environmental implications. This study was undertaken to monitor changes in mineral-N and soil water-filled pore-space (WFPS) in relation to N(2)0 emission from application of FDE to dairy-grazed pasture. Pasture was irrigated with FDE in September 2003 (first irrigation) and January 2004 (second irrigation), preceded by grazing events. The N(2)0 emission rate increased after application of FDE. Total amounts of N(2)0 emitted from FDE application for first and second irrigation were 2% and 4.9%, respectively, of the total N added through effluents. Difference in emission rates between the two irrigation events...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: : Denitrification; Mineral-N; Carbon; Oxygen diffusion rate.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-27912010000100003

Isotopic view of vegetation and carbon and nitrogen cycles in a cerrado ecosystem, southeastern Brazil
Provedor de dados: 63
Autores: Coletta,Luciana Della; Nardoto,Gabriela Bielefeld; Latansio-Aidar,Sabrina Ribeiro; Rocha,Humberto Ribeiro da.
Carbon and nitrogen biogeochemical cycles in savannas are strongly regulated by the seasonal distribution of precipitation and pulses of nutrients released during the wetting of the dry soil and are critical to the dynamics of microorganisms and vegetation. The objective of this study was to investigate the spatial and temporal variability of C and N isotope ratios as indicators of the cycling of these elements in a cerrado sensu stricto area, within a protected area in a State Park in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The foliar δ13C and δ15N values varied from -33.6 to -24.4 ‰ and -2.5 to 4.5 ‰, respectively. The δ13C values showed a consistent relationship with canopy height, revealing the importance of structure of the canopy over the C isotopic...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cerrado; Carbon; Nitrogen; Stable isotopes; Woody savanna.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162009000400006

Root systems and soil microbial biomass under no-tillage system
Provedor de dados: 63
Autores: Venzke Filho,Solismar de Paiva; Feigl,Brigitte Josefine; Piccolo,Marisa de Cássia; Fante Jr.,Lorival; Siqueira Neto,Marcos; Cerri,Carlos Clemente.
Some root parameters such as distribution, length, diameter and dry matter are inherent to plant species. Roots can influence microbial population during vegetative cycle through the rhizodeposits and, after senescence, integrating the soil organic matter pool. Since they represent labile substrates, especially regarding nitrogen, they can determine the rate of nutrient availability to the next crop cultivated under no-tillage (NT). The root systems of two crop species: maize (Zea mays L.) cultivar Cargill 909 and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivar Embrapa 59, were compared in the field, and their influence on spatial distribution of the microbial C and N in a clayey-textured Typic Hapludox cultivated for 22 years under NT, at Tibagi, State of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Root distribution; Maize; Soybean; Carbon; Nitrogen.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162004000500011

Global warming in Amazonia: impacts and Mitigation
Provedor de dados: 36
Autores: Fearnside,Philip Martin.
Global warming has potentially catastrophic impacts in Amazonia, while at the same time maintenance of the Amazon forest offers one of the most valuable and cost-effective options for mitigating climate change. We know that the El Niño phenomenon, caused by temperature oscillations of surface water in the Pacific, has serious impacts in Amazonia, causing droughts and forest fires (as in 1997-1998). Temperature oscillations in the Atlantic also provoke severe droughts (as in 2005). We also know that Amazonian trees die both from fires and from water stress under hot, dry conditions. In addition, water recycled through the forest provides rainfall that maintains climatic conditions appropriate for tropical forest, especially in the dry season. What we need...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Carbon; Climate change; Deforestation; Environmental services; Global warming; Greenhouse effect.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672009000400030

Effects of forest structure on litter production, soil chemical composition and litter-soil interactions
Provedor de dados: 39
Autores: Capellesso,Elivane Salete; Scrovonski,Kellin Luana; Zanin,Elisabete Maria; Hepp,Luiz Ubiratan; Bayer,Cimélio; Sausen,Tanise Luisa.
ABSTRACT Litter production in forest ecosystems is a major indicator of primary productivity because litter helps incorporate carbon and nutrients from plants into the soil and is directly involved in plant-soil interactions. To our knowledge, few studies have investigated the relationship between species diversity and ecosystem processes in subtropical forest fragments. In this work, we determined forest structural parameters and assessed seasonal leaf litter input, leaf decomposition rate, litter quality and soil characteristics in two subtropical Atlantic Forest fragments. Litter production was greater in the native fragment with the higher species diversity (FN1). The two native fragments (FN1 and FN2) differed in basal area, volume and dominance in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biodiversity; Carbon; Decomposition; Phosphorus; Selection effect.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062016000300329

Avaliação das comunidades de nematóides do solo em agroecossistemas orgânicos - DOI: 10.4025/actasciagron.v31i3.433
Provedor de dados: 1
Autores: Mondino, Eduardo Ariel; UFRRJ; Tavares, Orlando Carlos Huertas; UFRRJ; Ebeling, Adierson Gilvani; UFRRJ; Figueira, Adriana França; UFRRJ; Quintero, Emmeris Ivan; URRJ; Berbara, Ricardo Luis Louro; UFRRJ.
Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos de diferentes sistemas agrícolas na comunidade de nematóides de uma área do Sistema Intergrado de Produção Agroecológica (SIPA) de Seropédica, Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Os tratamentos consistiram nos seguintes cultivos: 1- abacaxi; 2-feijão; 3- consórcio milho/feijão; 4- araruta; 5- pasto sujo e 6- capoeira. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: Abundância relativa, Grupos tróficos, índices de Shannon, Dominância, Equitatividade, IM, IM2-5, e a Análise faunística dos nematóides. A abundância relativa dos nematóides flutuou entre 0,02 e 0,59, o número de gêneros variou entre 4 e 14 e a riqueza acumulada foi de 21 gêneros. 79% dos nematóides encontrados foram fitófagos, 14,5% bacteriófagos, 4,7% onívoros-predadores...
Palavras-chave: 5.01.00.00-9    Agronomia bioindicadores; Sistema de cultivo; Nematofauna; Carbono bioindicators; Agricultural systems; Nematofauna; Carbon.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/433

RESÍDUO DE INDÚSTRIA DE ENZIMAS NO CRESCIMENTO DA PASTAGEM E PROPRIEDADES DO SOLO
Provedor de dados: 1
Autores: Giostri, André Faé; Universidade Federal do Paraná; Bond, Luiz Fernando Montrucchio; Universidade Federal do Paraná; Motta, Antonio Carlos Vargas; Universidade Federal do Paraná; Pimentel, Ida Chapaval; Universidade Federal do Paraná; Carvalho, Paulo César de Faccio; Universidade Federal do Paraná; Dionízio, Jair Alves; Universidade Federal do Paraná.
O resíduo líquido da indústria de enzimas (LWE) é utilizado como fertilizante por muitos agricultores. Para determinar o impacto do uso de LWE no solo, crescimento e nutrição mineral do pasto nativo, foi executado um experimento no município de Fazenda Rio Grande - PR. Os tratamentos foram cinco doses de LWE (0, 45, 90, 135 e 180m3 ha-1), aplicada em Agosto de 2006. Em 2007 uma única taxa de 60 m3 ha-1 foi aplicada. Amostras de solo foram coletadas em quatro profundidades (0-10, 10-20, 20-40 e 40-60 cm) para verificar mudanças nas propriedades químicas do solo. Foram executados cinco cortes para determinar o crescimento e condições nutricionais das plantas. Ocorreu aumento nos teores de Ca, Mg, K, P, soma de bases , saturação de bases, pHs  e diminuição do...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Agronomia  fertilidade do solo e nutrição mineral de plantas soil acidity; Forage; Carbon; Fertilizater fertilidade do solo industrial waste  pasture  carbon  fertilization Fertilidade do solo e nutrição de plantas.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAgron/article/view/14570

Energy use and CO2 emissions of eggplant production in the Philippines
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Flores, Edgar Dulay.
The energy use and CO2 emissions of eggplant production in the Philippines were analyzed from data collected from 202 eggplant farmers randomly selected from the two major producing provinces of Pangasinan and Quezon, Philippines. Accordingly, the input and output energy of eggplant production were 77,342.09 MJ/ha and 233,905.50 MJ/ha, respectively. Diesel fuel and chemical fertilizer contributed the largest share of energy used in eggplant production. Most of the input energy was utilized in preharvest operations among which the application of fertilizer and water irrigation consumed the largest energy. The energy ratio and energy productivity were 3.02 and 0.51 kg/MJ, respectively. Direct and indirect forms of energy constituted 60.93% and 39.07%,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Energy in Agriculture eggplant; Carbon; Energy; Greenhouse gases; Global warming potentials.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3453

Environmental performance of farmer-level corn production systems in the Philippines
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Flores, Edgar Dulay; Dela Cruz, Renita S. M.; Antolin, Ma Cecilia R.
Four corn production systems at farmer-level of operation were evaluated. Environmental performance such as energy use, energy efficiency, greenhouse gas emission (GHG) and carbon efficiency were determined. Data were collected from 60 corn producing farmers using survey questionnaires and face to face interview. The input energy to produce an output energy of 69,714.06 and 73,029.60 MJ/ha for sun drying and mechanical drying, respectively, were 22,346.27, 31, 469.75, 22, 399.05 and 31,522.53 MJ/ha for systems 1 (manual harvesting and sun drying), 2 (manual harvesting and mechanical drying), 3 (mechanical harvesting and sun drying) and 4 (mechanical harvesting and mechanical drying), respectively.  The highest energy input was observed for system 4...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Bioprocess Engineering; Energy and Environmental Engineering corn; Carbon; Energy; Global warming potential; Greenhouse gases.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/3568

The relationship between the wood properties and decay levels of Pecan logs
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Zhang, Peiyao; Riskowski, Gereald.
The objective of this research was to find a solution for how to define and determine the decay levels of Pecan logs. Ultimately this information could be used to determine the preferred decay level of Pecan logs for Auricularia auricular-judae (wood ear mushroom) growth.  Previous research had found some relationship between densities and C/N ratio of hardwood boreal trees in Canada. In this research, the physical (density, moisture content, penetration depth, etc.) and chemical properties (carbon, nitrogen and C/N ratio) of logs were measured from pecan logs at different levels of decomposition. First, the traditional visual method was used to define the decay level and they were compared to the log physical and chemical properties to find relationships...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Auricularia auricula-judae; Pecan logs; Wood decay level; Carbon; Nitrogen.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/5685

Riparian forest potential to retain sediment and carbon evaluated by the 137Cs fallout and carbon isotopic ratio techniques
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: Pires,Luiz F.; Bacchi,Osny O.S.; Correchel,Vladia; Reichardt,Klaus; Filippe,Joseline.
Riparian forests can provide an important service for aquatic ecosystems by sequestering hillslopederived sediments. However, the width of a riparian buffer zone required to filter sediments is not yet wellunderstood. Here are used two complementary tracers to measure sediment retention. The 137Cs technique and the soil carbon isotopic ratios (δ13C) are utilized to investigate sediment deposition and erosion rates on a slope transect cultivated with sugarcane followed by a secondary riparian forest zone in Iracemápolis, State of São Paulo, Brazil. The 137Cs technique and the δ13C analysis showed that the width of a riparian vegetation in accordance to a Brazilian Environmental Law (Nº4.771/65) was not sufficient in trapping sediments coming from...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Erosion; Δ13C; Sugarcane; C3 and C4 plants; Carbon.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652009000200013

Amazon Forest maintenance as a source of environmental services
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: Fearnside,Philip M.
Amazonian forest produces environmental services such as maintenance of biodiversity, water cycling and carbon stocks. These services have a much greater value to human society than do the timber, beef and other products that are obtained by destroying the forest. Yet institutional mechanisms are still lacking to transform the value of the standing forest into the foundation of an economy based on maintaining rather than destroying this ecosystem. Forest management for commodities such as timber and non-timber forest products faces severe limitations and inherent contradictions unless income is supplemented based on environmenta lservices. Amazon forest is threatened by deforestation, logging, forest fires and climate change. Measures to avoid...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Amazonia; Avoided deforestation; Brazil; Carbon; Deforestation; Global warming; Greenhouse effect; Rainforest.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652008000100006

Global patterns of aboveground carbon stock and sequestration in mangroves
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: ESTRADA,GUSTAVO C.D.; SOARES,MÁRIO L.G.
ABSTRACT In order to contribute to understand the factors that control the provisioning of the ecosystem service of carbon storage by mangroves, data on carbon stock and sequestration in the aboveground biomass (AGB) from 73 articles were averaged and tested for the dependence on latitude, climatic parameters, physiographic types and age. Global means of carbon stock (78.0 ± 64.5 tC.ha-1) and sequestration (2.9 ± 2.2 tC.ha-1.yr-1) showed that mangroves are among the forest ecosystems with greater capacity of carbon storage in AGB per area. On the global scale, carbon stock increases toward the equator (R²=0.22) and is dependent on 13 climatic parameters, which can be integrated in the following predictive equation: Carbon Stock in AGB = -16.342 + (8.341 x...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biomass; Carbon; Ecosystem services; Mangrove; Regression analysis; WorldClim.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652017000300973

Estimation of biomass and carbon stocks: the case of the Atlantic Forest
Provedor de dados: 49
Autores: Vieira,Simone Aparecida; Alves,Luciana Ferreira; Aidar,Marcos; Araújo,Luciana Spinelli; Baker,Tim; Batista,João Luís Ferreira; Campos,Mariana Cruz; Camargo,Plinio Barbosa; Chave,Jerome; Delitti,Welington Braz Carvalho; Higuchi,Niro; Honorio,Euridice; Joly,Carlos Alfredo; Keller,Michael; Martinelli,Luiz Antonio; Mattos,Eduardo Arcoverde de; Metzker,Thiago; Phillips,Oliver; Santos,Flavio Antonio Maes dos; Shimabukuro,Mônica Takako; Silveira,Marcos; Trumbore,Susan Elizabeth.
The main objective of this paper is to present and discuss the best methods to estimate live above ground biomass in the Atlantic Forest. The methods presented and conclusions are the products of a workshop entitled "Estimation of Biomass and Carbon Stocks: the Case of Atlantic Rain Forest". Aboveground biomass (AGB) in tropical forests is mainly contained in trees. Tree biomass is a function of wood volume, obtained from the diameter and height, architecture and wood density (dry weight per unit volume of fresh wood). It can be quantified by the direct (destructive) or indirect method where the biomass quantification is estimated using mathematical models. The allometric model can be site specific when elaborated to a particular ecosystem or general that...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Atlantic Forest; Above-ground biomass; Allometric model; Carbon; Mata Atlântica.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032008000200001

Allometric models for estimating the phytomass of a secondary Atlantic Forest area of southeastern Brazil
Provedor de dados: 49
Autores: Burger,Déborah Moreira; Delitti,Welington Braz Carvalho.
The purpose of this study was to develop and validate equations to estimate the aboveground phytomass of a 30 years old plot of Atlantic Forest. In two plots of 100 m², a total of 82 trees were cut down at ground level. For each tree, height and diameter were measured. Leaves and woody material were separated in order to determine their fresh weights in field conditions. Samples of each fraction were oven dried at 80 °C to constant weight to determine their dry weight. Tree data were divided into two random samples. One sample was used for the development of the regression equations, and the other for validation. The models were developed using single linear regression analysis, where the dependent variable was the dry mass, and the independent variables...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biomass; Allometry; Carbon; Secondary Atlantic Forest; Forest biomass estimation.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032008000400012

CO2 emission from soil after reforestation and application of sewage sludge
Provedor de dados: 53
Autores: Carmo,Janaina Braga; Urzedo,Danilo Ignácio de; Ferreira Filho,Pedro José; Pereira,Elisabete Alves; Pitombo,Leonardo Machado.
This study aimed to quantify the carbon dioxide emissions from an Oxisol under degraded pasture located in Sorocaba, São Paulo State, Brazil. The treatments were: sewage sludge (LE), sewage sludge compost (CLE), mineral fertilizer (AM) and no fertilization (T0). The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with analysis of the effect of the four treatments (CLE, LE, and AM T0) with four replications. The application of sewage sludge, sewage sludge compost, mineral fertilizer and no fertilizer was statistically significant for the variables of height increase and stem height of Guanandi seedlings (Calophyllum brasiliense Cambessèdes - Calophyllaceae). Treatments showed significant differences in terms of CO2 emissions from soil. The...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: GHG; Organic waste; Carbon.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0006-87052014000300012

Nitrogen forms, pH and total carbon in a soil incubated with treated sewage effluent
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Fonseca,Adriel Ferreira da; Herpin,Uwe; Dias,Carlos Tadeu dos Santos; Melfi,Adolpho José.
In this study, an experiment under controlled conditions was carried out to determine the effects of secondary-treated sewage effluent (STSE) application on soil nitrogen concentrations (mineral and total), total carbon and soil pH. The soil and STSE used were collected at Lins, São Paulo State, Brazil. A completely randomized design was used, in completed factorial 4x11 (weekly application rates of 0, 100, 150 and 200 mL STSE per kg soil; and, eleven soil incubation periods from 0 to 10 weeks) with four replicates. The STSE was applied simulating common surface irrigation. Seven days after each incubation period, ammonium and nitrate contents were determined. Additionally, pH and total carbon and nitrogen contents were measured in the soil after 10 weeks....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Treated sewage effluent; Nitrogen; Carbon; Tropical soil.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132007000500001

Bacteria and phytoplankton production rates in eight river stretches of the middle Rio Doce hidrographic basin (southeast Brazil)
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Petrucio,Mauricio Mello; Barbosa,Francisco Antônio R.; Thomaz,Sidinei Magela.
Measurements of bacterial secondary production (BSP), together with primary phytoplanktonic production (PPP) were conducted during dry and rainy seasons, in eight rivers of different orders submitted to different degrees of human impacts (different trophic degree). We aimed to determine and compare the importance of BSP and PPP in carbon fixation in these different lotic ecosystems. Our results showed that the Ipanema River was the most modified system by anthropogenic effluents inputs. These inputs altered the trophic degree and BSP rates of these streams and rivers.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bacterioplankton; Carbon; Phytoplankton; Rivers; Trophic state.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132005000300019

Metabolite and light regulation of metabolism in plants: lessons from the study of a single biochemical pathway
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Oliveira,I.C.; Brenner,E.; Chiu,J.; Hsieh,M.-H.; Kouranov,A.; Lam,H.-M.; Shin,M.J.; Coruzzi,G.
We are using molecular, biochemical, and genetic approaches to study the structural and regulatory genes controlling the assimilation of inorganic nitrogen into the amino acids glutamine, glutamate, aspartate and asparagine. These amino acids serve as the principal nitrogen-transport amino acids in most crop and higher plants including Arabidopsis thaliana. We have begun to investigate the regulatory mechanisms controlling nitrogen assimilation into these amino acids in plants using molecular and genetic approaches in Arabidopsis. The synthesis of the amide amino acids glutamine and asparagine is subject to tight regulation in response to environmental factors such as light and to metabolic factors such as sucrose and amino acids. For instance, light...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Amino acids; Carbon; Ammonium; Nitrogen assimilation; Gene expression; Arabidopsis thaliana.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2001000500003

Modification of c and n sources for enhanced production of cyclosporin 'a' by Aspergillus Terreus
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Tanseer,Sundas; Anjum,Tehmina.
Most of the studies regarding cyclosporin 'A' production through fungi concentrate around Tolypocladium inflatum. This is mainly due to lower reported production of this drug in other fungi. The present study was therefore conducted to explore indigenous isolates of Aspergillus terreus for synthesis of this drug and defining a production medium for obtaining high yield of cyclosporin 'A'. For this purpose carbon and nitrogen sources were optimized for the selected best strain of A. terreus. Overall results depicted that the best cyclosporin 'A' yield from selected Aspergillus terreus (FCBP58) could be obtained by using production medium containing glucose 10% as carbon source and peptone 0.5% as nitrogen source. This modification in production medium...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Aspergillus terreus; Cyclosporin 'A'; Carbon; Nitrogen.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822011000400019