Consulta: subjectFacets:"Chicken"
Registros recuperados: 108
Data/hora: 05/06/2024 01:36:46

The association of very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) haplotypes with egg production indicates VLDLR is a candidate gene for modulating egg production
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Wang,ZhePeng; Meng,GuoHua; Li,Na; Yu,MingFen; Liang,XiaoWei; Min,YuNa; Liu,FuZhu; Gao,YuPeng.
Abstract The very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) transports egg yolk precursors into oocytes. However, our knowledge of the distribution patterns of VLDLR variants among breeds and their relationship to egg production is still incomplete. In this study, eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that account for 87% of all VLDLR variants were genotyped in Nick Chick (NC, n=91), Lohmann Brown (LohB, n=50) and Lueyang (LY, n=381) chickens, the latter being an Chinese indigenous breed. Egg production by NC and LY chickens was recorded from 17 to 50 weeks. Only four similar haplotypes were found in NC and LohB, of which two accounted for 100% of all NC haplotypes and 92.5% of LohB haplotypes. In contrast, there was considerable haplotypic diversity...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chicken; Egg production; Haplotype; Very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR).
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572016000300380

Inhibition of NF-kB 1 (NF-kBp50) by RNA interference in chicken macrophage HD11 cell line challenged with Salmonella enteritidis
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Chiang,Hsin-I; Berghman,Luc R.; Zhou,Huaijun.
The NF-kB pathway plays an important role in regulating the immunity response in animals. In this study, small interfering RNAs (siRNA) were used to specifically inhibit NF-kB 1 expression and to elucidate the role of NF-kB in the signal transduction pathway of the Salmonella challenge in the chicken HD11 cell line. The cells were transfected with either NF-kB 1 siRNA, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase siRNA (positive control) or the negative control siRNA for 24 h, followed by Salmonella enteritidis (SE) challenge or non-challenge for 1 h and 4 h. Eight candidate genes related to the signal pathway of SE challenge were selected to examine the effect of NF-kB 1 inhibition on their expressions by mRNA quantification. The results showed that, with a...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: RNA interference; NF-kBp50; Macrophage; Salmonella; Chicken.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572009000300013

ESTs and putative line-specific (broiler and layer) SNPs identified in genes expressed in Gallus gallus pituitary and hypothalamus
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Cassoli,Clarissa Sanches da Silva; Jorge,Erika Cirstina; Patrício,Mateus; Alves,Helena Javiel; Almeida,Erik Amazonas de; Ledur,Mônica Corrêa; Coutinho,Luiz Lehmann.
Brazilian poultry industry has reached a high level of development in both meat and egg production as a result of constant technological modernization. Further improvements can be achieved through genomics, but before this can be accomplished, a better understanding of gene expression profiles and nucleotide polymorphisms is necessary. Since animal physiology is directly or indirectly controlled by the pituitary and hypothalamus, the aim of the present work was to identify and analyze genes expressed in these tissues in chicken lines with different growth potential. Two pituitary and hypothalamus cDNA libraries from 21 day broiler (TT) and layer (CC) chickens lines were constructed and allowed identification of 3,074 unique sequences and 77 single...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Pituitary; Hypothalamus; EST; SNP; Chicken.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572007000600008

Differentially expressed genes in a flock of Chinese local-breed chickens infected with a subgroup J avian leukosis virus using suppression subtractive hybridization
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Zhao,Guiping; Zheng,Maiqing; Chen,Jilan; Wen,Jie; Wu,Chunmei; Li,Wenjuan; Liu,Libo; Zhang,Yuan.
Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) is a new type of virus that mainly induces myeloid leukosis (ML) in chickens. To further elucidate the pathogenesis of ALV-J infection and tumor development, expression profiles from the bone marrow tissue of 15 infected and 18 non-infected birds from a local-breed poultry-farm under naturally infected conditions, were analyzed by suppression-subtractive hybridization. The birds were diagnosed as ML+ (or ML-) by specific ALV-J detection methods, involving serological tests for antigens and antibodies, and RT-PCR to detect viral RNA. A total of 59 partial gene sequences were revealed by differential screening of 496 forward and 384 reverse subtracted cDNA clones. Of these, 22 identified genes, including 8 up-regulated...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Avian leukosis virus subgroup J; Chicken; Transferring gene; MHC genes; Hemoglobin gene.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572010000100009

Comparison of HMOX1 expression and enzyme activity in blue-shelled chickens and brown-shelled chickens
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Wang,ZhePeng; Liu,RuiFang; Wang,AnRu.
Blue egg coloring is attributed to biliverdin derived from the oxidative degradation of heme through catalysis by heme oxygenase (HO). The pigment is secreted into the eggshell by the shell gland. There is uncertainty as to whether the pigment is synthesized in the shell gland or in other tissues. To investigate the site of pigment biosynthesis, the expression of heme oxygenase (decycling) 1 (HMOX1), a gene encoding HO, and HO activity in liver and spleen were compared between blue-shelled chickens (n=12) and brown-shelled chickens (n=12). There were no significant differences in HMOX1 expression and HO activity in these tissues between the two groups. Since the liver and spleen, two important sites outside the shell gland where heme is degraded into...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biliverdin; Blue egg; Chicken; HMOX1.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572013000200020

Pinteiros cobertos - estufas para a redução da síndrome ascítica em frangos de corte.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: JAENISCH, F. R. F.; OLIVEIRA, P. A. V. de; BARIONI JUNIOR, W.; BERSCH, F.; GIROTTO, A. F.; AVILA, V. S. de.
bitstream/item/58545/1/CUsersPiazzonDocuments216.pdf
Tipo: Comunicado Técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Chicken; Disease; Ascitis.; Ascite; Doença; Pinto.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/433742

Molecular detection and characterization of cpb2 gene in Clostridium perfringens isolates from healthy and diseased chickens
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Tolooe,A; Shojadoost,B; Peighambari,SM.
Clostridium perfringens is an important pathogen in both human and veterinary medicine. Necrotic enteritis (NE) is the most clinically dramatic bacterial enteric disease of poultry induced by C. perfringens. The pathogenicity of this bacterium is associated with the production of extracellular toxins produced by some of its strains, such as beta2 toxin. The exact role of beta2 toxin in NE pathogenesis is still controversial. In the present study, C. perfringens isolates from healthy and diseased poultry flocks from different parts of Iran were analyzed by PCR assay to determine the presence of all variants of the beta2 toxin gene (cpb2). The products of two positive cpb2 PCR reactions were sequenced, compared to each other and to the cpb2 sequences...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Clostridium perfringens; Necrotic enteritis; Chicken; Beta2 toxin; Cpb2; Iran.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992011000100008

Control of Coccidiosis in Chickens
Provedor de dados: 19
Autores: Arakawa, Akira; Xie, M. Q.
Palavras-chave: Coccidia; Control of coccidiosis; Eimeria; Chicken.
Ano: 1993
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/183

A Review of Leucocytozoon caulleryi Infection in Chickens
Provedor de dados: 19
Autores: Morii, Tsutomu.
Palavras-chave: Leucocytozoon caulleryi; Leucocytozoonosis; Chicken; Culicoides biting midge.
Ano: 1992
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/173

Alloantigen Systems and Genetic Resistance of Chickens to Coccidiosis
Provedor de dados: 19
Autores: Nakai, Yutaka.
Palavras-chave: Alloanligen; Chicken; Coccidiosis; Genetics; Disease resistance.
Ano: 1994
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/199

Ultrastructural Study of Developmental Stages of  Eimeria procera in Partridges (Perdix perdix)
Provedor de dados: 19
Autores: Goldová, Maria; Letkova, V.; Csizsmarova, G.; Kolodzieyzski, L.
Palavras-chave: Coccidiosis; Transmission clectron microscopy; Bird; Chicken.
Ano: 1996
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/246

Product Quality and Consumer Preference as Affected by Alternative Methods of Handling and Packaging Chicken
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Gardner,   Fred; Nichols,   John P.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Quality; Chicken; Handling; Consumer Preference; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1971
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96410

Medium Term Outlook for Canadian Agriculture International and Domestic Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Charlebois,   Pierre; Gagne,   Stephan; Gendron,   Carole.
The purpose of this document is to describe the features of the MTO covering the period 2010 to 2020. The MTO is a plausible future for the international and domestic agri-food sectors based on current policies in Canada and other countries as of Fall 2010. It serves as a benchmark for discussion and scenario analysis.  The outlook makes specific assumptions and outlines their implications. Since it assumes that policies remain unchanged from existing legislation, the outlook is not a forecast of future events. In particular there are no assumptions made regarding the outcome of the Doha round of trade negotiations. It also assumes no impact from climate change and from policy to mitigate climate change nor significant animal disease outbreaks or unusual...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Outlook; Agriculture; Cereals; Oilseeds; Bio-fuels; Livestock; Red meats; Milk; Dairy products; Chicken; Turkey; Eggs; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/103186

Consumer Interest in Environmentally Beneficial Chicken Feeds:  Comparing High Available Phosphorus Corn and Other Varieties
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pesek,   John D., Jr.; Bernard,   John C.; Gupta,   Meeta.
One source of phosphorous pollution in areas of high chicken production is runoff from fields using fertilizer from these operations. A potential solution is to feed chicken high available phosphorus (HAP) corn, reducing phosphorus in manure. This study examined consumer purchase likelihood of chickens fed HAP, created traditionally or through genetic modification, and other genetically modified (GM) corn including Bt and Roundup-ready. Survey results from the Delmarva Peninsula found considerable interest in non-GM HAP corn, although GM HAP corn was not typically viewed as more acceptable than other GM varieties. Overall, the marketplace appears open to products geared toward environmental benefits.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Chicken; Conjoint analysis; Corn; Genetically modified; Heteroscedastic; Phosphorus pollution; Tobit; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q13; D12; C24.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/117945

THE IMPLICATIONS OF THE WTO NEGOTIATIONS ON THE CANADIAN CHICKEN MARKET: TWO REPRESENTATIONS OF CHICKEN AND STOCHASTIC WORLD PRICES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rafajlovic,   Juanita; Cardwell,   Ryan T.
Current Doha Development Agenda (DDA) World Trade Organisation negotiations include proposals that would affect the trade barriers that protect Canada’s chicken producers from foreign competition. This research analyses the effects of the most recent proposals to emerge from the DDA negotiation on Canada’s chicken industry. We develop a partial-equilibrium model that generates welfare effects for the Canadian chicken industry supply chain. We also introduce stochastic prices to evaluate the effects of world price instability on the Canadian chicken industry. The model is also adapted to represent chicken as two distinct products; white meat and dark meat. Simulation results suggest that the welfare effects of the DDA proposals on the Canadian chicken...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: WTO; Chicken; Canada; Model; Trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; Demand and Price Analysis; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/95814

Vertical Coordination in the Pork and Broiler Industries: Implications for Pork and Chicken Products
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Martinez,   Stephen W.
Recent changes in structure of the U.S. pork industry reflect, in many ways, past changes in the broiler industry. Production contracts and vertical integration in the broiler industry facilitated rapid adoption of new technology, improved quality control, assured market outlets for broilers, and provided a steady flow of broilers for processing. Affordable, high-quality chicken products have contributed to continual increases in U.S. chicken consumption, which has surpassed pork and beef on a per capita basis. Incentives for contracting and vertical integration in the pork industry may yield comparable results. If so, these arrangements might be expected to result in larger supplies of higher quality pork products at economical prices.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Vertical coordination; Vertical integration; Contracts; Transaction costs; Technology; Chicken; Pork; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/34031

Medium Term Outlook for Canadian Agriculture - International and Domestic Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Charlebois,   Pierre; Gagne,   Stephan.
The purpose of this document is to describe the features of the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) Medium Term Outlook for Canadian Agriculture (previously entitled Medium Term Policy Baseline) covering the period 2008 to 2018. The outlook is an attempt to outline a plausible future of the international and domestic agri-food sectors. It serves as a benchmark for discussion and scenario analysis. The outlook makes specific assumptions and outlines their implications. Since it assumes that policies remain unchanged from existing legislation, the outlook is not a forecast of future events. The medium term assumptions used and published by the OECD/FAO in the Agricultural Outlook are by in large maintained in the AAFC's outlook but updated to reflect...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Outlook; Agriculture; Cereals; Oilseeds; Bio-fuels; Livestock; Red meats; Milk; Dairy products; Chicken; Turkey; Eggs; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51718

Evolution of urban chicken consumption in Southern countries: a comparison between Haiti and Cameroon
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Laroche Dupraz,   Catherine; Awono,   Cyprien.
Since the beginning of 2000s, in order to let poor people accede to meat consumption, several developing countries have opened their domestic chicken market to foreign imports, by reducing import tariffs. Thus local chicken meat competes with frozen pieces of chicken imported from the European Union or America, causing the loss of many jobs in the local chicken food chain. In order to highlight the determinants of urban consumer’s choice relative to chicken types, and assess the opportunity for local chicken to restore its market share, investigations have been done in 2005 and 2006, in Yaoundé (Cameroon) and at Port-au-Prince (Haiti) applied to 180 urban households in each country. While imported frozen pieces of chicken have almost entirely substituted...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Chicken; Urban consumption; Developing countries; Globalisation; Cameroon; Haiti.; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43938

CONSUMER KNOWLEDGE OF SELECTED NUTRIENT CONTENT OF NINE FRESH MEAT CUTS
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Reed,   Debra; Gillespie,   Jeffrey M.; Downer,   Robert; Schupp,   Alvin R.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture, the Food and Drug Administration, and the medical profession, among others, have attempted to broaden consumers' knowledge of the nutritive content of foods.  Retailers provide information by supplying point-of-purchase nutrition information and/or nutrition labels on fresh meats.  The availability of nutrition information on packaged fresh meats is relatively new.  A survey of Louisiana households provided estimates of their knowledge of the fat, cholesterol, and protein content of selected combinations of fresh beef, pork, chicken, and turkey meats.  Permutation analysis and tabular analyses were used to assess households' nutrition knowledge of the selected fresh meats.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Beef; Chicken; Consumer knowledge; Nutrient content; Permutation analysis; Pork; Turkey; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14731

THE EFFECT OF LOST EXPORTS ON U.S. BEEF PRICES
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mattson,   Jeremy W.; Jin,   Hyun Joung; Koo,   Won W.
Since the discovery of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) in the United States in December 2003, U.S. beef exports have declined approximately 85 percent.  A number of countries, including Japan and Korea (the top export markets for U.S. beef), have banned imports of beef from the United States, while U.S. exports to other important markets, such as Mexico and Canada, have been well below previous levels.  Domestic demand in the United States was not significantly affected by the BSE discovery, but the effect of decreased beef exports on U.S. price is significant.  This study examines the effect of exports and other supply and demand factors on U.S. meat prices, and estimates the effect of the drop in exports on U.S. beef and cattle prices.  Results...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy; Beef; Pork; Chicken; Exports; International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23571

Institutionalized Metzler Effects: Tariff-Rate Quota Liberalization in a Supply-Managed Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pouliot,   Sebastien; Larue,   Bruno.
A supply management system governs Canada’s poultry sector. Tariff Rate Quotas (TRQs), with prohibitive above-quota tariffs and low in-quota tariff, mimic import-quotas limit international competition in Canada’s poultry market. The quota part of the TRQs is a minimum access commitment under international trade agreement that is defined as a fraction of domestic production. We show in a 3-stage game involving negotiations between retailers and processors and between processors and farms that increasing minimum access commitment under current trade agreements can produce Metzler effects with larger price increases observed at the farm and processing levels. Simulations based on 2008 data support the Metzler paradox and shed light on import license...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Metzler paradox; Tariff-rate quotas; Chicken; Negotiations; Agricultural and Food Policy; Industrial Organization; International Relations/Trade; F13; Q17.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/102651

Food Scares and Consumer Behaviour: A European Perspective
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mazzocchi,   Mario; Lobb,   Alexandra E.; Traill,   W. Bruce.
In this paper a consumer food choice model based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) is extended to account for risk perception and trust. The data are from a nationally representative European survey of 2 725 respondents from five countries, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands and the United Kingdom. The model relates the intention to purchase chicken in an extended TPB framework, which incorporates risk perceptions, and trust in alternative sources of food safety information. This model was run for two behaviours of interest: the standard likelihood of intention to purchase and the likelihood of intention to purchase conditional on news about a salmonella incident. The model has good predictive power and shows distinct country differences. Only in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food safety information; Trust; Risk perception; Theory of Planned Behaviour; Chicken; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; D80; D12; Q18.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25613

Consumer Likelihood to Purchase Chickens with Novel Production Attributes
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bernard,   John C.; Pesek,   John D., Jr.; Pan,   Xiqian.
Typical supermarket chickens are produced with novel or controversial attributes.  This continues despite contrasting growth in consumer interest in organic and natural foods.  This study surveyed Delaware consumers’ likelihood to purchase chicken given different attributes: free range, given antibiotics, irradiated, fed genetically modified (GM) fee, GM chicken, and price.  Examining conjoint analysis data with a heteroskedastic two-limit tobit model, GM chicken and other novel attributes were found to lower purchase likelihood significantly.  Understanding these results should help the industry meet consumer preferences while aiding its continued expansion to benefit workers and growers across the South.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Chicken; Conjoint analysis; Genetically modified; Heteroskedastic; Irradiated; Tobit; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Q13; D12; C24.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/6058

Spatial Integration and Asymmetric Price Transmission in Selected Iranian Chicken Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Falsafian,   Azadeh; Moghaddasi,   Reza.
This study evaluates pattern of price adjustments in selected spatially separated chicken markets in Iran using weekly price data from 1998:17 to 2006:41 including 441 observations in total. The results of Tsay’s test suggest that threshold behavior characterize spatial price linkages among the selected markets that imply on using the threshold models. We use the multi-dimensional (two and three regime) threshold cointegration of TAR and M-TAR models. Our results confirm the different speed of adjustment in response to positive and negative shocks in every case. We also utilize impulse response function to investigate dynamic patterns of adjustments in response to shocks.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Spatial Integration; Price Transmission; Threshold Autoregression; Chicken; International Relations/Trade; Marketing.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44163

WHOLESALE DEMAND FOR USDA QUALITY GRADED BOXED BEEF AND EFFECTS OF SEASONALITY
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lusk,   Jayson L.; Marsh,   Thomas L.
This study quantifies the differential in demand between different USDA quality grades of beef and the interaction between quality graded beef and other meats. We provide estimates of meat retailer own and cross price demand elasticities for USDA Choice and Select boxed beef.  Results indicate that meat retailers have more elastic demand for lower quality graded beef. Seasonal analysis indicates demand for both beef quality grades becomes highly price inelastic during the summer “"cook-out"” months. The two beef quality grades are strong substitutes during the fall and winter. However, Select beef is not a substitute for Choice beef in the spring and summer.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Beef; Chicken; Demand; Pork; Quality; USDA Choice; USDA Select; Wholesale; Demand and Price Analysis.
Ano: 2000
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36409

THE SPARTA Model: An Econometric Analysis of Consumer Behaviour under Risk
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mazzocchi,   Mario; Lobb,   Alexandra E.; Traill,   W. Bruce.
This paper explores the role of trust in food safety information in determining consumer choice in relation to socio-demographic effects and other determinants. The complexity of factors influencing the way a consumer processes food safety information makes it difficult to develop adequate risk communication strategies. This is, however, a priority for current European policy and this paper tries to answer some key questions: (1) can the consumer be segmented into socio-demographic groups in relation to their trust in food safety information? (2) are country and cultural differences relevant in the way food safety information is processed? (3) how do risk perception and trust in food safety information influence food choice in relation to other...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Food safety information; Trust; Risk perception; Theory of Planned Behaviour; Chicken; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7763

Medium Term Outlook for Canadian Agriculture - International and Domestic Markets
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Charlebois,   Pierre.
The purpose of this document is to describe the features of the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) Medium Term Outlook for Canadian Agriculture covering the period 2009 to 2019. The outlook is an attempt to outline a plausible future of the international and domestic agri-food sectors. It serves as a benchmark for discussion and scenario analysis.  The outlook makes specific assumptions and outlines their implications. Since it assumes that policies remain unchanged from existing legislation, the outlook is not a forecast of future events. In particular there are no assumptions made regarding the outcome of the Doha round of trade negotiations. It also assumes no impact from climate change and from policy to mitigate climate change nor significant...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Outlook; Agriculture; Cereals; Oilseeds; Bio-fuels; Livestock; Red meats; Milk; Dairy products; Chicken; Turkey; Eggs; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59883

Medium Term Outlook for Canadian Agriculture
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Charlebois,   Pierre; Gagne,   Stephan.
The purpose of this document is to describe the features of the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) Medium Term Outlook for Canadian Agriculture (previously entitled Medium Term Policy Baseline) covering the period 2007 to 2017. The outlook is an attempt to outline a plausible future of the international and domestic agri-food sectors. It serves as a benchmark for discussion and scenario analysis. The outlook makes specific assumptions and outlines their implications. Since it assumes that policies remain unchanged from existing legislation, the outlook is not a forecast of future events.  The medium term assumptions used and published by the OECD/FAO in the Agricultural Outlook 2007-2016 are by in large maintained in the AAFC's international...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Outlook; Agriculture; Cereals; Oilseeds; Bio-fuels; Livestock; Red meats; Milk; Dairy products; Chicken; Turkey; Eggs; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Relations/Trade; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47129

Measuring Consumer Willingness to Pay for a Health Risk Reduction of Salmonellosis and Campylobacteriosis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Goldberg,   Isabell; Roosen,   Jutta.
This paper presents an application of the contingent valuation method (CVM) and choice experiments (CEs). We examine consumer willingness to pay (WTP) for different health risk reduction levels of Salmonellosis and Campylobacteriosis acquired from the consumption of chicken breast. We test for the embedding effect. The embedding effect was not found in the CVM format. It was however present in the CEs. The WTP values in the CVM format rages from Euro 1.29 to 3.34, whereas the WTP obtained by the CEs ranges from Euro -0.16 to Euro 6.68 depending on the disease and the corresponding risk reduction levels.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Chicken; Choice experiments; Contingent valuation method; Food safety; Willingness to pay; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; C9; D8; D12.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24512

Dynamics of Price Transmission in the Presence of a Major Food Safety Shock: Impact of H5N1 Avian Influenza on the Turkish Poultry Sector
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Saghaian,   Sayed H.; Ozertan,   Gokhan; Spaulding,   Aslihan D.
This article addresses the dynamic impact of the 2005 H5N1 avian influenza outbreak on the Turkish poultry sector. Contemporary time-series analyses with historical decomposition graphs are used to address differences in monthly price adjustments between market levels along the Turkish poultry supply channel. The empirical results show that price adjustments are asymmetric with respect to both speed and magnitude along the marketing channel. Results also reveal a differential impact of the exogenous shock on producers and retailers. The findings have critical efficiency and equity implications for the supply-chain participants.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Avian influenza; Chicken; Food safety shock; Price transmission dynamics; Supply chain; Turkey; Agribusiness; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; International Development; Livestock Production/Industries; Q11; Q13.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/47274

The Effect of Humic Acid Substances on the Thyroid Function and Structure in Lead Poisoning
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Sahin,A; Iskender,H; Terim,Kapakin KA; Altinkaynak,K; Hayirli,A; Gonultas,A; Kaynar,O.
ABSTRACT Lead (Pb) is a heavy metal, which adversely affects thyroid gland function and structure. Due to its high molecular weight and abundant functional groups, humic acid substances (HAS) can form chelates with heavy metals. The experiment was conducted to evaluate the prophylactic effect of HAS on thyroid hormone levels and histopathological lesions of laying hens exposed to lead (Pb) poisoning. After a week of adaptation, 192 Lohmann White laying hens (25 weeks of age) were fed one of four diets: a basal diet (BD) or the BD with HAS (0.15%), with Pb (0.3 g/kg), or with both. Experimental groups were replicated in 12 cages, with four hens each. Pb poisoning did not alter triiodothyronine (FT3; 3.22 ± 0.20 ng/dL) or thyroxine (FT4; 0.71 ± 0.08 ng/dL)...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Lead poisoning; Humic acid substances; Thyroid gland; Chicken.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2016000400649

Detection of SNPs in the BMP6 Gene and Their Association with Carcass and Bone Traits in Chicken
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Cui,C; Ye,F; Li,Y; Yin,H; Ye,M; He,L; Zhao,X; Xu,H; Li,D; Qiu,M; Zhu,Q; Wang,Y.
ABSTRACT BMP6, a member of the subfamilies of the morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), plays a crucial role in osteogenic and chondrocyte differentiation in vitro and stimulates chondrogenesis, making chondrocytes differen-tiate on their terminal stage. The objective of this study is to explore the relationship between polymorphism of BMP6 gene and slaughter traits in chicken respectively. We screened the exonic and intronic regions of BMP6 gene by DNA pool construction and amplified DNA fragment by PCR, and finally, we got nine SNPs. Association analysis revealed that BMP6 had no significant association among all slaughter traits in Yellow bantam chicken. However, BMP6 had a significant difference with femur weight, tibia weight, femur length (p&lt;0.05), and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: BMP6 gene; Bone traits; Carcass traits; Chicken; Polymorphisms.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2017000400673

Carcass and parts yield of broilers reared under a semi-extensive system
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Faria,PB; Bressan,MC; Souza,XR de; Rossato,LV; Botega,LMG; Gama,LT da.
An experiment was carried out to evaluate carcass traits of male and female broilers of two genetic strains (Paraíso Pedrês and Pescoço Pelado), slaughtered at 65, 75, 85 and 95 days of age, and reared under a semi-extensive production system. The following parameters were evaluated: body weight at slaughter (BWs), carcass weight (CW), carcass yield (CY), parts yield, including breast, drumstick, thighs, back, neck, feet, wings, abdominal fat pad (AF), and giblets (gizzard, heart, liver). Paraíso Pedrês males presented higher BWs and CW. Paraíso Pedrês females had higher breast yield. Thighs and drumstick yields were higher in Pescoço Pelado males. Back yield was similar at 85 and 95 days of age, wing yield declined with age. AF yield was higher in Paraíso...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chicken; Carcass traits; Semi-extensive system.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2010000300003

Hawthorn (Crataegus Oxyacantha) Extract in the Drinking Water of Broilers on Growth and Incidence of Pulmonary Hypertension Syndrome (PHS)
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Ahmadipour,B; Kalantar,M; Hosseini,SM; Yang,LG; Kalantar,MH; Raza,SHA; Schreurs,NM.
ABSTRACT Hawthorn extract has been used for ameliorating cardiac disorders and pulmonary hypertension. Flavonoids and oligomeric proanthocyanidins are considered to be responsible for the positive health effects of hawthorn extract. The effect of Hawthorn extract in the water supply on feed intake, growth, carcass traits, internal organ weight, cardiac indices, the concentration of serum proteins and the incidence of pulmonary hypertension syndrome was evaluated in broiler chickens. At one day-of-age, 225 chickens were assigned to one of three experimental groups where 0, 0.1 and 0.2 ML of hawthorn extract was added per one liter of drinking water. Feed intake, live weight gain and carcass weight increased when hawthorn extract was included in the drinking...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chicken; Growth; Hawthorn; Pulmonary hypertension; Ascites.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2017000400639

Campylobacter Jejuni Increases Transcribed Il-1 B and Causes Morphometric Changes in the Ileal Enterocytes of Chickens
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Fonseca,BB; Ferreira Júnior,A; Santos,JP dos; Coelho,LR; Rossi,DA; Melo,RT; Mendonça,EP; Araújo,TG; Alves,RN; Beletti,ME.
Abstract Campylobacteriosis is a worldwide foodborne zoonosis disease caused by Campylobacter jejuni. This microorganism is considered a commensal bacterium in chicken hosts. C. jejuni produces epithelial cell modifications and induces a cytokine gene transcription innate immunity repertoire. In the present study, we describe the invasiveness, morphological cellular modifications, and transcript level expressions of innate immune cytokines from C. jejuni-inoculated chicken ileum explants. C. jejuni was internalized by epithelial ileum cells at 15 minutes postinoculation (p.i.) and was detected intracellularly for 4hs (p.i.). Inoculated explants displayed significant increases in cell height. C. jejuni induced a significant elevation of Transforming Growth...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Campylobacter jejuni; Chicken; Explants; TGF-b3; IL-1b.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2016000100063

Epidemiology of Avian Infectious Laryngotracheitis with Special Focus to South America: an update
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Parra,SHS; Nuñez,LFN; Ferreira,AJP.
ABSTRACT Avian Infectious laryngotracheitis (AILT) is a respiratory tract disease of great importance because it causes significant economic losses in the poultry industry around the world. It is caused by a Gallid herpesvirus type 1, a member of the genus Iltovirus. The target system for Avian Infectious Laryngotracheitis virus (AILTV) infections is the respiratory system, and the main organ in which the virus remains latent is the trigeminal ganglia. However, the virus has demonstrated tropism for other organs besides the respiratory tract. The main transmission routes are ocular and respiratory. Infected birds with clinical symptoms are main sources of transmission, but birds with latent infections, litter, and contaminated fomites may also transmit the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Avian infectious laryngotracheitis; Biosecurity; Epidemiology; South America; Chicken.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2016000400551

Chicken serologic response to Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium assessed by Elisa
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Oliveira,GH; Berchieri Jr,A; Montassier,HJ.
This study evaluated two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) in the detection of chicken serologic response against Salmonella enterica sorotype Typhimurium. The assays have used as detecting antigen the soluble bacterial proteins of a non-flagellated strain of Salmonella Typhimurium (AgTM), and antibody conjugated to peroxidase or alkaline phosphatase. According to the results, optimal dilutions of antigen (concentration 5.49 mg/mL) and serum samples in both assays were 1:20,000 and 1:1,000, respectively. In such conditions, the ELISA/AgTM was able to detect serological response to Salmonella Typhimurium. Cross-reactions to Salmonella serotypes Gallinarum and Pullorum were seen, but not with other serotypes such as Enteritidis.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chicken; ELISA; Enzyme; Salmonella sp; Serology.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2006000100008

THE SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS OF MYOSTATIN GENE AND THEIR ASSOCIATIONS WITH GROWTH AND CARCASS TRAITS IN DAHENG BROILER
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Zhang,XX; Ran,JS; Lian,T; Li,ZQ; Yang,CW; Jiang,XS; Du,HR; Cui,ZF; Liu,YP.
ABSTRACT Myostatin (MSTN) is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth. In order to investigate whether there is a correlation between MSTN polymorphisms and chicken production performance, in this study, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MSTN gene were examined across 180 Daheng broilers by direct sequencing of PCR product, and the correlations between the genotype and body weight at the age of 1-10 weeks and carcass traits at the age of 73 day were analyzed. Five SNPs (rs313622770, rs313744840, rs316247861, rs314431084, rs317126751) of MSTN gene were identified across Daheng broiler samples, and four haplotypes were reconstructed based on the five SNPs. Results of association analysis showed that four (rs313622770, rs313744840, rs316247861...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Association analysis; Chicken; Production performance; MSTN; SNP.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2019000300319

Occurrence of chicken anemia virus in backyard chickens of the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Barrios,PR; Marín,SY; Resende,M; Rios,RL; Resende,JS; Horta,RS; Costa,MP; Martins,NRS.
The occurrence of CAV in backyard chickens in the metropolitan area of Belo Horizonte, Brazil, was evaluated. The spleen and thymus of chickens from different origins were collected for DNA extraction and nested-PCR. CAV genome was detected in 30% of the flocks (n=20) examined. CAV origin for backyard chickens is speculated, taking into consideration its widespread incidence in the chicken industry, the contamination of live vaccines with CAV prior to its eradication from SPF flocks, and the use of attenuated CAV vaccines.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Backyard chickens; CAV; Chicken; Chicken infectious anemia virus.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2009000200010

Detection by Rt-Pcr and Molecular Characterization of Tremovirus A Obtained from Clinical Cases of Avian Encephalomyelitis (AE) Outbreaks in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Torre,D De la; Nuñez,LF; Parra,SHS; Astolfi-Ferreira,CS; Ferreira,AJP.
ABSTRACT This study determined the presence of Tremovirus A as the possible agent related to Avian Encephalomyelitis in broiler chicks from the states of São Paulo (SP) Paraná (PR), Goiás (GO), Santa Catarina (SC) and Rio Grande do Sul (RS), between the years 2006 and 2015. Samples of the nervous, digestive, respiratory, immune, and renal systems, plus muscular organs from broiler chicks with neurological problems such as ataxia and muscle tremors, and four (4) commercial vaccines as positive control, were tested by reverse-transcriptase (RT-PCR) amplification and DNA sequencing. A highly conserved region (P1) of the viral genome, was used to amplify a segment which encodes a structural protein VP4. Out of 112 samples, 46 were positive (42%) for Tremovirus...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chicken; Tremovirus A; Avian Encephalomyelitis; Detection; Molecular characterization.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2018000300527

Effect of Zinc Level and Source (Zinc Oxide Vs. Zinc Glycine) on Bone Mechanical and Geometric Parameters, and Histomorphology in Male Ross 308 Broiler Chicken
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Tomaszewska,E; Muszyński,S; Dobrowolski,P; Kwiecień,M; Winiarska-Mieczan,A; Świetlicka,I; Wawrzyniak,A.
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding zinc (Zn) mineral supplements from organic (ZnGly) and inorganic (ZnO) sources to growing male Ross 308 chickens on the mechanical, geometric, and histomorphometrical parameters of long bones. A corn-soybean meal basal diet was supplemented with Zn at 50 or 100 mg·kg-1 of a premix, except the control group (0 suppl). The serum concentration of insulin-like growth factor 1 was higher in the ZnGly50 group compared with the control group. Positive influence of Zn on the femur is highlighted when considering the significant increase in parameters such as mean relative wall thickness, and maximum elastic and ultimate strengths after Zn administration. Zinc supplementation did not affect tibial...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bone; Chelate; Chicken; Histomorphometry; Zinc.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2017000100159

Cardiac Indicators, Serum Antioxidant Activity, and Growth Performance as Affected by Hawthorn Extract (Crateagus oxyacantha) in Pulmonary Hypertensive Chickens
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Ahmadipour,B; Kalantar,M; Kalantar,MH.
ABSTRACT Hawthorn has been traditionally used to improve blood circulation and medicating cardiac disorders as well as blood stasis and elimination of pulmonary hypertension. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different levels of hawthorn extract in the drinking water on cardiac indicators, serum antioxidant activity, growth and immunity of pulmonary hypertensive broilers reared at high altitude and prone to ascites. A total of 225 one-day-old unsexed broiler chicks (Ross308) were randomly assigned to 15 floor pens. A basal corn-soy based diet was formulated for all treatments. The treatments consisted of the addition of 0, 0.1, or 0.2 mL of hawthorn extract per liter of drinking water. Both levels of hawthorn flavonoid extract...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chicken; Hawthorn flavonoid extract; PHS.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2019000300320

Helminthic Parasites of Chickens (Gallus Domesticus) in Different Regions of São Paulo State, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Silva,GS da; Romera,DM; Fonseca,LEC; Meireles,MV.
Abstract The Brazilian poultry industry is an outstanding national and international agribusiness sector. Among the Brazilian states, São Paulo is the largest producer of commercial eggs and the fourth largest producer and exporter of chicken meat. Alternatively, semi-intensive and/or organic poultry production have also obtained a significant share of the domestic market as a result of consumer demand. Helminths affect the performance of the birds, causing significant direct or indirect losses. The objective of the present study was to identify the main helminth species present in chickens reared in 17 municipalities of the state of São Paulo. In total, 359 adult birds were investigated. The birds were reared in different housing systems and were obtained...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Helminths; Cestodes; Nematodes; Trematodes; Chicken.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2016000100163

Effect of Egg Weights on Hatching Results, Broiler Performance and Some Stress Parameters
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Duman,M; Şekeroğlu,A.
ABSTRACT The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of hatching egg weight of broiler parent stocks on hatching results, chick performance, carcass characteristics, internal organ weights and some blood stress parameters. Eggs were divided into 3 egg weight groups (55.0 to 60.0 g (light), 60.1 to 65.0 g (medium) and 65.1 to 70.0 g (heavy)) for the experiments. After incubation, mixed-gender broiler chicks from the hatcher were placed into 27 grower pens (2x1 m) with 9 replications for 3 weight groups by using randomized block design. Each pen had 25 broiler chicks. Therefore, 225 chicks were used for each group and 675 chicks in total. The experiment was designed with nine replicates. Chi-square test, variance analysis test and Duncan...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Asymmetry; Chicken; Hatchability traits; Growing performance; Tonic immobility.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2017000200255

Infectious bronchitis virus: dominance of ArkDPI-type strains in the United States broiler industry during the last decade
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Toro,H.
In the United States, more than 90% of chicken meat is produced in the southeastern states, and most egg production resides in the eastern half of the country and Texas. Several molecular epidemiological studies have indicated that most infectious bronchitis (IB) virus (IBV) isolates obtained from outbreaks of respiratory disease in these regions correspond to Ark-type IBV in spite of extensive vaccination programs which include IBV ArkDPI-derived vaccines. Accumulating evidence suggests that Ark-type strains may have a distinct capacity to circumvent preventive measures. Two strategies by which Ark-type IBV strains may maintain a high prevalence in commercial chickens are: (1) Unusually high genetic and phenotypic variability, and (2) synergism with...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ark; Arkansas; Chicken; Coronavirus; Infectious Bronchitis Virus.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2010000200002

HIGH EXPRESSION OF HMOX1 IN BLUE-SHELLED CHICKENS IS ASSOCIATED WITH A TG HAPLOTYPE
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Wang,Z; Deng,X; Wang,AI; Liu,R.
ABSTRACTHMOX1 is an important gene in biosynthesis of the eggshell pigment of blue eggs. Previous studies found that HMOX1 is highly expressed in the shell gland of hens laying blue eggs (BlueH) compared with hens laying brown eggs (BrownH); however, the reasons for the differential expression are unclear. In this study five single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in HMOX1 were genotyped in 111 BlueH and 115 BrownH. The association of haplotypes of these SNP with the blue egg phenotype was tested. Haplotype-specific expression of HMOX1 was detected in the shell gland. The interaction of sequence variants and transcription factors was analyzed using electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). A TG haplotype covering upstream 1.4 kb region of HMOX1 was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chicken; Blue egg; Biliverdin; HMOX1; Differential expression.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2015000300267

Effect of Genetic Strain and Sex on Water Absorption and Water-To-Protein Ratio in Chicken Meat
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Ferrari,MJGS; Mariussi,AC; Zucatto,DAA; Sereno,MJ; Garcez-Neto,AF; Bersot,LS.
ABSTRACT The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the water and protein contents and the water-to-protein ratio of chicken parts before and after the pre-chilling process, to compare these results with the values officially recommended by the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture, and to evaluate the effect of genetic strain and sex on these parameters. Water (%) and protein (%) contents, and water-to-protein ratio (WPR) of boneless and skinless breast (FILLETS) and breast with bone and skin (BREAST) were determined before (BPC) and after (APC) carcass pre-chilling. A total of 585 samples were evaluated: 221 fillets/male, 216 breasts/male, 76 fillets/female, and 72 fillets/female of four different broilers strains were evaluated before (BPC) and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Water absorption; Carcasses; Chicken; Poultry meat; Water.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2016000200299

Infectious bronchitis in Brazilian chickens: current data and observations of field service personnel
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Silva,EN.
The infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) was detected for the first time in Brazil by Hipólito in 1957 in chickens sold life in the municipal market of Belo Horizonte, MG, when commercial poultry production was just starting in that country. The Massachusetts (Mass) serotype was identified. However, the clinical disease was only observed in 1975, when poultry production was intensely growing. The extensive outbreak produced the classical condition in layers and breeders, affecting egg production and quality, whereas broilers presented respiratory and "nephritis-nephrosis" signs. The disease rapidly spread to all poultry-producing regions in the country, and in 1979, both the imports and the manufacturing of live vaccines against IB strains Mass, H120 and H52,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chicken; Genotyping; Infectious Bronchitis; PCR; Vaccination; Variants.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2010000300009

Diverse uses of feathers with emphasis on diagnosis of avian viral infections and vaccine virus monitoring
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Davidson,I.
The large amounts of feathers produced by the poultry industry, that is considered as a waste was explored for possible uses in various industries, such as meals for animals, biofuels, biodegradable plastic materials, combating water pollution and more. That review mentions these uses, but concentrate on the utilization of feathers for the diagnosis of viral infections and for monitoring vaccine viruses in chickens after vaccination. The viral diseases in which diagnosis using nucleic acids extracted from the feather shafts was described are, Marek's disease virus, circoviruses, chicken anemia virus, fowlpox virus, avian retroviruses, avian influenza virus and infectious laryngotracheitis virus. In two cases, of Marek's disease virus and of infectious...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Avian influenza virus; Avian retroviruses; Infectious laryngotracheitis virus; Circoviruses; Chicken; Chicken anemia virus; Diagnosis of avian viral diseases; Environmental monitoring; Feathers; Fowlpox virus; Marek's disease virus; Malformation of chick feathering; Stability of DNA viruses; Usage of feathers.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2009000300001

Experimental Coinfection of Chicken Anemia Virus and Mycoplasma gallisepticum Vaccine Strains in Broiler Chicks
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Prezotto,CF; Marin,SY; Araújo,TS; Barbosa,FO; Barrios,PR; Gomes,AM; Peconick,AP; Resende,M; Sousa,RV; Martins,NRS.
ABSTRACT This study aimed at determining the clinical and pathological effects of the coinfection of young SPF chickens with chicken anemia virus (CAV) and Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) vaccine strains. The clinical signs, gross and microscopic lesions were determined after the experimental coinfection broilers with a CAV genotype 1 vaccine strain given intraperitoneally on the first day of age and a MG F-strain vaccine given intranasally on the 8th day of age. The experimental groups included the negative control (group 1), a group infected with the MG F-strain vaccine (group 2), and a group coinfected with CAV and MG vaccines (group 3). Chicks were examined clinically and post mortem at 23 days of age, and gross and microscopic lesions of the trachea,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chicken; Chicken anemia virus; CAV; Mycoplasma gallisepticum; Coinfection.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2016000300475

Detection of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes in the intestine of broiler chicks treated with Lactobacillus spp. and challenged with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Noujaim,JC; Andreatti Filho,RL; Lima,ET de; Okamoto,AS.
The expression of immune response as a leukocytic infiltrate by CD4+ and CD8+ cells in the epithelium and in the intestinal lamina propria of chicks fed Lactobacillus spp or cecal microflora (CM) and experimentally challenged or not with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE) was studied using immunohistochemistry. Three hundred and twenty day-of-hatch broiler chicks were divided into four groups of 80 birds each and orally received L. reuteri, L. salivarius, L. acidophilus, or CM. Each group was subdivided into four subgroups of 20 birds each, classified as follows: a subgroup did not receive any oral treatment (negative control), subgroup treated with L. spp or CM, subgroup treated with L. spp or CM and challenged with SE, and subgroup only...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chicken; Immunohistochemistry; Lymphocytes CD4+ and CD8+; Probiotic; Salmonella.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2009000300008

Resveratrol Attenuates LPS-induced Apoptosis via Inhibiting NF- κ B Activity in Chicken Peripheral Lymphocyte Cultures
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Zhang,CY; Huang,J; Kang,XT.
ABSTRACT This study aims to investigate whether resveratrol (RES) could inhibit NF-κB activity and protect in vitro cultured chicken lymphocytes from apoptosis induced by continuous LPS stimulation. Blood lymphocytes of chickens were collected and cultured. LPS was added to the samples of treatment group, while the same volume of normal saline (NS) was supplemented to those of the control group. In the treatment groups, four different concentrations of RES (0, 20, 40, and 80 µg/ml) were admixed. Then, the following indicators were tested: lymphocyte apoptotic rate, lymphocyte viability, NF-κB activity, TNF-a level, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and expression of apoptosis-related proteins (Fas/FasL and Caspase-8). The results indicated that the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Resveratrol; NF-κB; Lymphocyte apoptosis; Chicken.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2018000400747

Study on the Efficient Methods for Chicken Eggshell windowing and the Factors Affecting the Hatchability
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Yan,HF; Wang,K; Tang,MX; Feng,XH; Trefil,P; Qiu,MZ; Jiang,J.
ABSTRACT In order to find out the main factors influenced the hatchability and improve the hatchability of the windowed chicken eggs at stage X, several experiments were made on the basis of the former patent of eggshell windowing methods on equatorial plane, such as cutting and sealing techniques, air cell recovering, laying position immediately after sealing, as well as the injection volumes into the subgerminal cavity of the blastoderm. The result showed that:1) the best sealing material combination was straw powder (SP) and instant glue (IG); 2) there was a highly positive correlation between air cell rate and hatchability; 3) the highest hatchability increased to 71.6% when the eggs were windowed and sealed with IG dropped firstly and then SP...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Air cell; Blastoderm; Chicken; Eggshell windowing; Hatchability.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2020000200305

Effects of feeding metabolite combinations from lactobacillus plantarum on plasma and breast meat lipids in Broiler Chickens
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Loh,TC; Thanh,NT; Foo,HL; Hair-Bejo,M.
The effects of feeding different doses of metabolite combination of L. plantarum RS5, RI11, RG14 and RG11 strains (Com3456) on cholesterol reduction in plasma and breast meat in broiler chickens and the possible mechanism was studied. A total of 504 male Ross broilers were grouped into 7 treatments and offered with different diets: (i) standard corn-soybean based diet (-ve control); (ii) standard cornsoybean based diet + neomycin and oxytetracycline (+ve control); (iii) standard corn-soybean based diet + 0.1% metabolite combination of L. plantarum RS5, RI11, RG14 and RG11 strains (Com3456); (iv) standard corn-soybean based diet + 0.2% of Com3456; (v) standard cornsoybean based diet + 0.3% of Com3456 (vi) standard corn-soybean based diet + 0.4% of Com3456...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Metabolite combinations; Lactobacillus plantarum; Cholesterol; Very low density lipoprotein; Chicken.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2013000400004

Descriptive Anatomy of Hepatic and Portal Veins with Special Reference to Biliary Duct System in Broiler Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus): A Recent Illustration
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Maher,MA.
ABSTRACT Chickens have a great participation in meat and egg production. The anatomical scientific data of poultry is important to support the recent researches either for illustrations in academic studies or clinically in diagnosis and treatment of some poultry nutritional diseases. The current investigation was performed on twenty broiler chickens of both sexes. The chickens were anaesthetized, slaughtered then the venous system was flushed with a normal saline to anatomically investigate the distribution of hepatic portal veins both intra and extrahepatic, as well as the hepatic venous and biliary duct systems. The fowl had two hepatic portal veins draining the gastrointestinal tract with its associated organs as spleen and pancreas. The left hepatic...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biliary system; Chicken; Hepatic vein; Intrahepatic and Porta vein.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2019000200344

Antimicrobial Resistance and Molecular Characterization of Salmonella Enterica Serotypes Isolated from Poultry Sources in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Borges,KA; Furian,TQ; Souza,SN; Salle,CTP; Moraes,HLS; Nascimento,VP.
ABSTRACT Salmonella spp. remain among the most important agents of foodborne diseases worldwide. The importance of Salmonella spp. in public health is linked to their wide range of antimicrobial resistance and to their pathogenicity and virulence in both human and animal hosts. The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance patterns for Salmonella serotypes isolated from poultry sources in Brazil and to detect virulence-associated genes and verify their association with specific serotypes. A total of 163 strains of Salmonella enterica isolated from poultry sources in Southern Brazil were selected, and each belonged to one of 11 different serotypes. They were tested against ten antibiotics and examined for the presence of 26...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/report
Palavras-chave: Antibiotic susceptibility; Genetic virulence; Chicken; Salmonellosis; Serovars.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2019000100500

Immune Regulatory Effects of Enteromorphaclathrata Polysaccharides on Nd Attenuated Vaccine in a Chicken Model Infected with Reticuloendotheliosis Virus
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Sun,Q; Shen,M; Li,F; Liu,J; Lu,L; Zhu,M; Yuan,D.
ABSTRACT Reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) infection has frequently affected the poultry industry in recent years. The infection with REV weakens the immune responses of the infected poultry. It is reported that Enteromorphaclathrata polysaccharides are capable of regulating immune function. In order to investigate the immuno regulatory effects of Enteromorphaclathrata polysaccharides (EPS) on the response of REV-infected broilers to a live attenuated Newcastle disease (ND) vaccine. Broilers were intraperitoneally injected with REV at one day of age, subcutaneously infected with EPS at 2 days of age, and vaccinated by nasal drip with a live attenuated ND (Lasota strain) vaccine at 5 days of age. Immune organ index, secretory immunoglobulinA (SIgA),...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Polysaccharide; Reticuloendotheliosis Virus; ND attenuated vaccine; Chicken; Immunoregulation.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2017000400601

Identiﬁcation and Characterisation of Alternative Splice Variants of Hoxb9 and Their Correlation with Melanogenesis in the Black-Boned Chicken
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Wang,G; Yu,S; Liao,J.
ABSTRACT Homeobox B9 (HOXB9) gene has been demonstrated to be associated with melanogenesis in chicken plumage by high-throughput RNA sequencing. In this study, we cloned and characterised HOXB9 in black-boned chickens. Two alternative splice variants (HOXB9-1 and HOXB9-2) were identiﬁed in chicken feather bulbs. Expression analysis of HOXB9 in 11 different chicken tissues by RT-PCR indicated that the two transcripts were only expressed in the kidney, abdominal fat, feather bulbs, skin, and small intestine. No HOXB9-1 or HOXB9-2 transcripts were detected in the breast muscle or the ovary. The two HOXB9 variants were expressed at significantly different levels in black feather bulbs and white feather bulbs (p&lt;0.01), and in black skin compared with white...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Homeobox B9 gene; Alternative splicing variant; Melanin; Chicken.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2019000200315

The Expression of NF-kB Signaling Pathway Was Inhibited by Silencing TGF-b4 in Chicken IECs Infected with E. tenella
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Jin,H; Haicheng,Y; Caiyun,Z; Yong,Z; Jinrong,W.
ABSTRACT Chicken coccidiosis is a parasitic disease caused by one or more species of Eimeria infection with severe consequences. The NF-κB signaling pathway and TGF-β4 play an important role in the inflammation and immune response caused by coccidiosis infection. This study was designed to investigate the changes of NF-κB signaling pathway and the effects of TGF-β4 silencing on the expression of NF-κB signaling pathway in chicken’s intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) after infecting with E. tenella sporozoites. TGF-β4 small interfering RNA (TGF-β4 siRNA) sequences were transfected into chicken IECs for reducing TGF-β4 expression. The results showed that compared with uninfected control group (Con.), the proinflammatory factors of NF-κB, IL-6, IL-2, IL-1β...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: NF-κB signaling pathway; TGF-β4; IECs; Coccidiosis; Chicken.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2020000400314

The Expression of Can and Camk is Associated with Lipogenesis in the Muscle of Chicken
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Yang,Y; Song,J; Fu,R; Sun,Y; Wen,J.
ABSTRACTIntramuscular fat (IMF) content in chickens significantly contributes to meat quality. The main objective of this study was to assess the expression of calcineurin (CaN) and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) in lipogenesis in chicken muscle. Chickens were slaughtered and sampled at 4, 8, and 16 weeks of age. IMF content and the expression of CaN subunits and CaMK isoforms were measured in the thigh muscle tissue. The results showed that the IMF contents were greater at 16 weeks compared with those at 4 and 8 weeks (p&lt;0.05). Transcription of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and fatty acid translocase CD36 (FAT/CD36) mRNA significantly increased with age, from four to 16 weeks (p&lt;0.05). The mRNA levels of CaNB and CaMK IV were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase; Calcineurin; Chicken; Regulation.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2015000300287

Characterization of Hilly Chickens in Consideration of Climate Change Factors: Light and Heat
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Khan,MKI; Ali,M; Akter,MA; Zaman,S; Miah,G.
ABSTRACT Hilly chickens were characterized from January 2015 to September 2016 considering climate factors (light and heat). The experimental birds were divided into three groups (heat stress; light and control). The heat was generated in the chicken’s shelter by a black shaded light (Lantern) for two to three hours more after sunset. A lighting device (Lantern) was kept in the chicken’s shelter for the same period for increasing daylight duration. The individual chicken’s egg production, egg weight and mature live weight were studied from onset of egg production. It was observed that reddish brown hilly type chicken produced more (100.80 no/year/chicken) and larger sized (43.21g) eggs than spotted chicken (83.4 no/year/chicken and 40.46g). Among the three...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chicken; Climatic factors; Microsatellite; Genetic diversity.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2018000400731

Transcriptome Analysis of Chicken Embryo Fibroblast Cell Infected with Marek’s Disease Virus of GX0101 ∆ LTR
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Li,X; Su,S; Cui,N; Zhou,H; Liu,X; Cui,Z.
ABSTRACT Marek’s disease (MD), a lymphoproliferative disorder of chickens caused by the MD virus (MDV), is economically significant. The resistance/susceptibility to MD is controlled by host genetics. The host response to different virus strains varies. The pathogenicity of REV-LTR deleted GX0101∆LTR MDV has been previously reported. However, the precise molecular mechanism of the response of chickens to GX0101ΔLTR remains unclear. The current study aimed at identifying the genes and pathways involved in the response to GX0101ΔLTR virus infection in specific pathogen-free chicken embryo fibroblast cells using global transcriptome analysis. A total of 1,633 genes associated with GX0101ΔLTR infection were identified. Functional analysis showed that the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Gene profiling; Chicken; CEF cell; GX0101ΔLTR MDV.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2017000200179

Self-Monitoring Microbiological Criteria for the Assessment of Hygienic Procedures During Chicken Slaughtering
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Dias,MR; Dianin,KCS; Bersot,LS; Nero,LA.
ABSTRACT Self-monitoring procedures are adopted by food industries to ensure the quality and safety of final products, considering hygiene and processing criteria. This study aimed to evaluate contamination in chicken processing, considering the microbiological criteria proposed by self-monitoring systems. Environmental samples from reception, slaughtering and processing were collected from three chicken slaughterhouses (Sl1, Sl2, Sl3), and subjected to microbiological analysis to enumerate hygiene indicators microorganisms: mesophilic aerobes, enterobacteriaceae, coliforms and Escherichia coli. The obtained counts were converted to log10, compared by ANOVA (p&lt;0.05) and self-monitoring microbiological criteria for each slaughterhouse were considered. In...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chicken; Self-monitoring; Hygiene; Slaughtering; Processing.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2017000200317

Effect of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 6 (BMP6) on Chicken Granulose Cells Proliferation and Progesterone Synthesis
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Yang,F; He,L; Luo,B; Ye,F; Cui,C; Yu,X; Xu,H; Zhao,X; Yin,H; Li,D; Zhu,Q; Wang,Y.
ABSTRACT There is increasing evidence that bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP6) plays critical roles in regulating various stages of ovarian follicle development in mammals. However, the mechanisms of regulation of BMP6 in the chicken ovary remain unclear. In this study, mRNA and protein expression level of BMP6 in chicken ovarian follicles at different development stages were determined by qRT-PCR and western blot separately. Different concentrations of BMP6 protein and FSH were added to the culture medium, and the effects to proliferation of granulose cells were detected, further effect on expression pattern of progesterone synthesis associated genes were also analyzed by qRT-PCR and Western blotting and the secretion of progesterone was detected by...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chicken; BMP6; Granulosa cells; Progesterone; FSH.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2019000200310

Inheritance of a new albino mutation in Brazilian free-range black chickens
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Jorge,W; Cunha,LM.
A genetically recessive albino mutation, which inhibits pigment development in the eyes, skin, and feathers of domestic chickens from Brazil, is described. This mutation appeared in a flock of completely black chickens of a private breeder. There are no information on the origin, breed, or specific line of the birds. Pigment inhibition is apparently complete in the feathers and eyes. Bird sight is very impaired, but no histological examination was carried out. Ratios obtained in F2 and backcrossed birds indicate that a single autosomal recessive gene is responsible for the condition. The data suggest that the absence of melanin in the eyes, skin, and feathers (symbol cc) is a mutation of the pigmented C wild gene.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Albinism; Chicken; Inheritance; Melanin.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2008000300003

Boron supplementation in broiler diets
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Fassani,EJ; Bertechini,AG; Brito,JAG; Kato,RK; Fialho,ET; Geraldo,A.
Boron supplementation in broiler feed is not a routine practice. However, some reports suggest a positive effect of boron on performance. This study assessed the effects of boron supplementation on broiler performance. Diets were based on maize and soybean meal, using boric acid P.A. as boron source. Six supplementation levels (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 ppm) were evaluated using 1,440 one-day old males housed at a density of 30 chickens in each of 48 experimental plots of 3m². A completely randomized block design was used with 8 replicates. Feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion were assessed in the periods from 1 to 7 days, 1 to 21 days and 1 to 42 days of age, and viability was evaluated for the total 42-day rearing period. No performance variable...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Animal nutrition; Boron; Broiler; Chicken; Performance.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2004000400004

Effect of Feeding Conditions on the Methylation Status of Fatp1 Gene in Chicken Breast Muscle
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Gao,G; Wang,H; Zhao,X; Li,Q; Wang,C; Li,J; Zhang,K; Zhong,H; Wang,Q.
ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of feeding conditions on methylation status of FATP1 gene, which is an important candidate gene of Intramuscular fat and important indicator of chicken meat quality. We selected Daninghe (DNH) and Qingjiaoma (QJM) chickens under scatter-feeding and captivity-feeding conditions as experimental animals, and detected the methylation status of FATP1 genes in chicken breast muscle using Bisulfite Sequencing PCR method. The results showed that the methylation level of FATP1 in scatter-fed chicken was lower than in captivity-fed conditions in DNH and QIM chicken breast tissues; DNA methylation in the promoter and exon1 region was demonstrated to negatively regulate the expression of the FATP1 gene....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Feeding conditions; Chicken; FATP1; Meat quality; Intramuscular fat.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2017000500055

Dietary protein effects on growth performance, carcass traits and expression of selected jejunal peptide and amino acid transporters in broiler chickens
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Corzo,A; Loar,II RE; Kidd,MT; Burgess,SC.
The effect of dietary protein on growth, carcass traits and some specific intestinal intestinal peptide and amino acid transporters in broiler chickens was studied. Birds received a common pre-test diet, and were subsequently fed either a standard positive control diet (PC) or a reduced CP diet (RCP) from 21 to 42 d of age. Growth was negatively impacted with feeding of RCP as manifested by an increase in feed consumption and feed conversion ratio. Carcass traits also showed evidence of negative effects of feeding the RCP diet, leading to a reduction in carcass and breast meat yield and an increase in abdominal fat percentage. Blood plasma total protein was reduced when the broilers were fed the RCP diet. Expression of mRNA for one peptide (PepT1) and four...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Amino acid transporters; Chicken; Crude protein; PepT1; Protein absorption.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2011000200008

Effects of E. Coli Infection on the Expressions of TGF-β/Smads Signaling Pathway in Broiler Intestine
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Juang,J; Yin,H; Zhang,C; Wang,J.
ABSTRACT This experiment aimed to investigate whether Escherichia coli (E. coli) infection could affect the TGF-β/smads signaling pathway in the jejunal tissue of chickens. One-day-old Cobb 500 broilers were randomly divided into 2 groups and treated with intraperitoneal E. coli or broth injection. Clinical signs of the birds were assessed every day. Spleen and bursa of Fabricius of the birds, post-infection (pi), were collected to evaluate immune organ index. Jejunal tissues were collected to ascertain the expression of TGF-βs, TβRs, and Smads. The results showed that the infected birds had significantly higher index of the spleen (24hrs and 48hrs pi) compared with birds in the control group (p&lt;0.05). The relative gene expression of TGF-β4 increased...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: TGF-β/Smads; Intestinal lesion; E. coli; Chicken.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2020000100311

Expression Pattern of Sulf1 and Sulf2 in Chicken Tissues and Characterization of Their Expression During Different Periods in Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cells
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: He,L; Xu,H; Ye,F; Yu,H; Lu,Y; Yin,H; Zhao,X; Zhu,Q; Wang,Y.
ABSTRACT Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are present on the cell surface and in the extracellular matrix in all metazoans. HSPGs interact with growth factors and receptors through heparan sulfate (HS) chains. The sulfation pattern of heparan sulfate chains influences signaling events mediated by heparan sulfate proteoglycans located on the cell surface. SULF1 and SULF2 are two endo-sulfatases that can cleave specific 6-O-sulfate groups within the heparan chains. To determine their possible roles in tissues and satellite cells in vitro, their expression pattern was examined in tissues from 40-day-old chickens and in satellite cells from the breast muscles of 1-week-old and 2-week-old chickens using RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry analyses. The SULF1...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chicken; SULF1; SULF2; Satellite cell; Immunocytochemistry.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2020000300307

Molecular epidemiology and evolution of avian infectious bronchitis virus
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Montassier,HJ.
Mutation and recombination processes are involved in the genetic and phenotypic variations of RNA viruses, leading to the emergence of new variant strains, and give rise to virus population diversity to be modeled by the host, particularly by the immune system, as occurred with infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in chickens. The consequence is a continuous emergence of new IBV variants with regard to pathotypes, serotypes, and protectotypes. Nucleotide sequencing and subsequent genetic analysis of the S1 and N protein gene sequences provide a fast and accurate method to classify and predict IBV genotype, and a powerful instrument to monitor phylogenetic and epidemiological evolution of IBV variants. Despite the use of vaccination programmes, infectious...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chicken; Coronavirus; Genetic evolution; Mutation; Prophylaxis; Recombination; Variant strains.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2010000200003

Shelf Life of Chicken Meat Balls Submitted to Sous Vide Treatment
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Can,ÖP; Harun,F.
The objective of this study was to investigate the appropriate temperature for processing storage of chicken meatballs made of minced chicken meat with the sous vide method. The chicken meatballs were prepared and separated into four experimental groups according to the application of heat treatment (10 and 20 minutes) and storage time (+2 and +10°C). Sensory, microbiological (total aerobic mesophilic bacteria, total psychrotrophs, lactic acidbacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, Clostridiumperfringens, Listeria spp.), chemical (pH, thiobarbituric acid), color (L*, a*, b* values), and texture profile analyses were performed on meatball samples. Cl. perfringens and Listeria spp. were not detected in meatball samples during the storage period. Samples cooked at 10...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Sous vide; Chicken; Meatballs; Quality; Shelf life.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2015000200137

Effect of Different Dietary Threonine Levels on Optimal Growth Performance and Intestinal Morphology in 1-14 Days Old Ross 308 Broilers
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Najafi,R; Ahmar,R; Tazehkand,GN.
SUMMARY This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of four levels of dietary threonine (Thr) supplementations on growth performance, gut size and histomorphometric alterations of small intestines in broiler chicks in 1-14 days. Two hundred eighty-eight Ross 308 one-day-old male broiler chicks were randomly assigned to four treatments with six replicates (12 birds per replication) received a common diet based on corn, wheat and soybean meal that met nutrients requirement of Ross 308. Birds were fed dietary treatments consisting of four levels of standardized digestible (SD) Thr: control diets (Basal diets) containing 0.65% SD Thr, 0.89% SD Thr (nutrients requirement of Ross 308), 0.93% and 0.97% SD Thr. Body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI)...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Amino Acid; Chicken; Diet Requirement; Immunity; Nutrition.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2017000500059

Rotavirus detection and isolation from chickens with or without symptoms
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Villarreal,LYB; Uliana,G; Valenzuela,C; Chacón,JLV; Saidenberg,ABS; Sanches,AA; Brandão,PE; Jerez,JA; Ferreira,AJP.
Rotaviruses have been identified as one of the main etiological agents of diarrhea and enteritis in mammals, including humans, and in avian species. Few studies have been published about enteric viruses in Brazilian poultry, including those related to rotavirus infection. Such studies demonstrate significant occurrence and the importance of enteric viruses in poultry presenting intestinal problems. Enteric viruses are the primary cause of injuries to the gut, allowing other agents, especially bacteria, to attach, to penetrate, and to replicate in the enteric tissue, leading to further damage. The aim of the present study was to detect rotavirus in the intestinal contents of layers and broilers by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and virus...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Enteric viruses; Rotavirus; Isolation; MA104 cells; Chicken.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2006000300009

Effects of crossbreeding on slaughter traits and breast muscle chemical composition in chinese chickens
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Huang,Ai-xia; Li,Jin-jun; Shen,Jun-da; Tao,Zheng-rong; Ren,Jin-dong; Li,Guo-qing; Wang,De-qian; Tian,Yong; Yang,Fu-sheng; Ding,Wei-ping; Wu,Tian-xing; Lu,Li-zhi.
We investigated the effects of crossbreeding on slaughter traits and the chemical composition of chicken breast muscle. Trials were conducted using 120 broilers from four lines: Xiao-Shan chicken (XS), Xian-Ju chicken (XJ), Xiao-Shan chicken♂♂ × Xian-Ju chicken♀♀ (Zhenan 1, ZNY1) and Xiao-Shan chicken♂♂ × (Guang-Xi Yellow chicken♂♂×Xian-Ju chicken♀♀) ♀♀ (Zhenan 2, ZNY2). The birds were slaughtered at 120 days of age and the slaughter traits were measured. Breast muscles were sampled to determine chemical composition. The slaughter traits of hybrid chickens were improved. Both hybrid strains had higher intramuscular fat (IMF) and inosine-5'-monophosphate (inosinic acid, IMP). Concentrations of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) in breast muscles from the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Amino acid; Chicken; Crossbreeding; Fatty acid; Inosine-5'-monophosphate; Intramuscular fat; Slaughter traits.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2011000400005

Safety and efficacy of a salmonella gallinarum ΔcobSΔcbiA strain with potential to prevent chicken infections by salmonella gallinarum and salmonella enteritidis
Provedor de dados: 89
Autores: Paiva,JB; Penha Filho,RAC; Moura,BS; Berchieri Junior,A.
New vaccine design techniques have allowed the development of effective vaccine strains against Salmonella infections inwhich the risks of reversion to the wild type and virulence is null. The mutant strain Salmonella Gallinarum ΔcobSΔcbiA was previously shown to be avirulent in chickens. In this study, this strain was tested as a vaccine against Salmonella Gallinarum (SG) and S. Enteritidis (SE) infections, and its protection levels, safety and possible risks of reversion to virulence after vaccination of layers were evaluated. Birds were vaccinated at five days of age or at five and 25 days of age. At 45 days of age, brown and white layers were challenged with SG and SE wild strains, respectively. Two assays to test the possibility of reversion to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Salmonella vaccine; Attenuation; Reversion to virulence; Chicken; Immune response.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-635X2012000200005

Dissecting the genetic architecture of complex traits and its impact on genetic improvement programs: lessons learnt from the Virginia chicken lines
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Pettersson,Mats E.; Carlborg,Örjan.
Long-term selection experiments provide a valuable resource for understanding the genetic changes that take place in animal improvement programs. The Virginia chicken lines have for more than 50 years been subjected to single-trait, bi-directional, divergent selection for high and low juvenile body weight. It is one of the most well studied experimental populations in agricultural animals and has played an instrumental role in the understanding of the genetic basis of complex traits. In this paper, we summarize the findings from the more recent publications focusing on the efforts to identify the loci contributing to selection response as well as discuss the currently ongoing research. We conclude by describing some future research prospects that promise...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Body weight; Chicken; Epistasis; Metabolic; QTL; Selection.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982010001300028

Requirement of available phosphorus by female broiler chickens keeping the calcium:available phosphorus ratio at 2:1
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Mello,Heloisa Helena de Carvalho; Gomes,Paulo Cezar; Rostagno,Horacio Santiago; Albino,Luiz Fernando Teixeira; Oliveira,Rita Flávia Miranda de; Rocha,Tatiana Cristina da; Ribeiro,Cleverson Luís Nascimento.
Four trials were conducted to determine the requirements of available phosphorus (aP) of female broiler chicks from 1 to 10 (exp.1), 11 to 21 (exp.2), 22 to 33 (exp.3), and from 34 to 46 (exp.4) days of age, keeping the calcium:available phosphorus ratio equal to 2:1. In each trial, 480 Cobb broilers were randomly allotted in a completely randomized design with 6 treatments, 8 replicates and 10 birds per pen. The levels of aP ranged from 2.0 to 5.5 g/kg (Exp. 1), 1.9 to 5.4g/kg (exp. 2), 1.8 to 5.3 g/kg (exp. 3) and 1.7 to 5.2 g/kg of diet (exp. 4), in increments of 0.7 g/kg. The experimental diets were formulated using corn and soybean meal and the available phosphorus was considered 33% of total phosphorus. The characteristics evaluated were body weight...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chicken; Minerals; Performance; Ration; Tibia.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982012001100005

Phosphorus utilization in broilers fed with diets supplemented with different feed ingredients
Provedor de dados: 63
Autores: Dias,Raquel Souza; López,Secundino; Borgatti,Laura Maria Oliveira; Kebreab,Ermias; Vitti,Dorinha Miriam Silber Schmidt; Abdalla,Adibe Luiz; Appuhamy,Jayasooriya Arachchige Don Ranga Niroshan; France,James.
ABSTRACT: A reliable determination of endogenous phosphorus (P) excretion is required to measure P utilization in chickens accurately. The objective of this study was to investigate phosphorus (P) retention in broilers fed diets formulated with different feed ingredients. Sixty-four 15-d old broiler chicks were fed diets in which part of the dietary P was provided from dicalcium phosphate, maize, barley or soybean. Level of supplementation of each ingredient was calculated to provide two levels of total P (4.5 or 5.0 g kg−1 feed). Birds received a single injection of 3 MBq of 32P to determine endogenous P excretion using the isotope dilution technique. Four days after injection, blood and excreta were collected for analysis of inorganic and radioactive P....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chicken; Endogenous; Isotope dilution; Phosphorus retention.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162019000100018

Organic trace minerals and calcium levels in broilers' diets to 21 days old
Provedor de dados: 63
Autores: Faria,Bruno Damaceno; Silva,Leandro Moreira; Ribeiro Junior,Valdir; Ferreira,Adriana Helena do Nascimento; Rostagno,Horacio Santiago; Albino,Luiz Fernando Teixeira; Hannas,Melissa Izabel.
ABSTRACT: This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of dietary calcium levels and supplementation with organic trace minerals selenium, copper, iron, zinc and manganese on performance, tissue deposition and litter mineral concentration. A total of 2,496 one-day-old male Cobb 500 broilers were randomly assigned to a 3 × 4 factorial experimental design with three levels of dietary Ca [8, 10 and 12 g kg–1, while maintaining the same Ca:nPP (non-phytate phosphorus) ratio (2:1)] and four levels of micromineral supplementation (0.62, 0.72, 0.82 and 0.92 g kg–1). There was a total of 12 treatments, with eight replicates of 26 birds per pen. Micromineral supplementation (MS) was achieved by adding different levels of the product Bioplex TR Se® and Ca...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chicken; Micromineral; Tibia; Breast muscle.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162020000100401

Mixture of formic and propionic acid as additives in broiler feeds
Provedor de dados: 63
Autores: Vale,Marcos Martinez do; Menten,José Fernando Machado; Morais,Sônia Cristina Daróz de; Brainer,Mônica Maria de Almeida.
The presence of Salmonella species in feeds and ingredients is an important source of salmonella contamination for animals. Organic acid mixtures have shown to be an effective alternative to eliminate salmonellas in feeds and chickens. In the present study, the performance of male broiler chickens receiving levels (0, 0.25, 0.50, 1.0 and 2.0%) of a mixture of organic acids (OAs) (70% formic acid and 30% propionic acid) in the diet was evaluated from the age one to 42 days, in a completely randomized experimental design with five treatments and five replications of 40 birds each. Diets were based on corn, soybean meal and soybean oil. Body weight, weight gain and feed intake from the age one to 21 days were affected by the treatments; 2% OAs in the diet...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Salmonella; Chicken; Organic acids; Food safety.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162004000400004

ความนุ่มของเนื้อไก่ประดู่หางดำเชียงใหม่ 1 ไก่ลูกผสมประดู่หางดำเชียงใหม่ 1 และไก่กระทง
Provedor de dados: 106
Autores: Ungkanaporn Pongduang; Amnuay Leotaragul; Aphirak Pianmongkol; Prodepran Thakeow; Sanchai Jaturasitha.
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of lines and muscle types on tenderness of Pradu Hang Dam Chiang Mai 1 (Pradu Hang Dam), Pradu Hang Dam’s crossbred (crossbred) and broiler at 1.2-1.3 kg of body weight. There were 80 chickens for each line group (total 240) and were allotted in CRD. For breast and thigh muscle, the results showed that thawing loss of Pradu Hang Dam and its crossbred were higher than broiler (P&lt;0.05). For thigh muscle, cooking loss of Pradu Hang Dam was the highest (P&lt;0.05). For shear force value, Pradu Hang Dam and its crossbred were higher than broiler both in breast and thigh muscle (P&lt;0.05). For collagen content analysis, the results showed that Pradu Hang Dam had the highest content of soluble collagen...
Tipo: PhysicalObject
Palavras-chave: Thawing loss; Cooking loss; Shear force value; Chicken; Lines; Muscle; Tenderness; Broiler; การสูญเสียน้ำจากการละลาย; การสูญเสียน้ำจากการประกอบอาหาร; ค่าแรงตัดผ่านของเนื้อ; ไก่ประดู่หางดำ; เนื้อสัตว์; เนื้อไก่.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5410

Açaí seed bran in the feed of slow-growth broilers
Provedor de dados: 36
Autores: ARRUDA,Janaína de Cássia Braga; FONSECA,Lívia Anália Bentes da; PINTO,Leonardo César Portal; PINHEIRO,Higor César de Oliveira; MONTEIRO,Brenda Thamara Oliveira; MANNO,Maria Cristina; LIMA,Kedson Raul de Souza; LIMA,Ana Rita de.
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to analyze the potential use of açaí seeds as an alternative ingredient in the feed of slow-growth broilers until 28 days of age. We carried out a bromatological analysis of fractions of the açaí fruit. The açaí seed without mesocarp was the best choice for formulation of the açaí seed bran (ASB), which was evaluated in terms of bird performance and economic viability of the supplemented feed. A total of 416 male chicks of the French Red-Naked Neck lineage were used in a completely randomized design with four treatments (0, 2, 6 and 10% inclusion of ASBin the feed) with eight replicates each. The results indicated that ASB can be included in proportions of up to 10% in the diet of slow growth broilers at early development...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Alternative feed; Chicken; Agroindustrial residue; Sustainability; Euterpe oleraceae.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672018000400298

Evaluation of yeast culture and direct-fed microbial on gut histology and serum components of broilers challenged with suboptimal diets under heat stress
Provedor de dados: 2
Autores: Seifi, Saeed; Sayrafi, Reza; Khoshbakht, Rahem; Gilani, Ali; Goudarzi, Bahman.
The use of antibiotics in feed for growth promotion has been restricted in many countries, thus it is of interest to investigate potential alternatives for enhancing growth performance in birds. An experiment was carried out to evaluate the concurrent use of prebiotic and probiotic on gut histology and some blood chemicals of broiler chickens during heat stress. A total of 144 day-old male Ross 308 broiler chicks were randomly divided into 3 treatments. The first treatment was a diluted diet including rice bran without probiotic or prebiotic. The other treatments were fed the diluted diets with a prebiotic (treatment 2) and concurrent use of that prebiotic along with a probiotic (treatment 3). Results showed that villus height was not influenced by feed...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Blood constituents; Chicken; Prebiotic; Probiotic; Histomorphometry.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAnimSci/article/view/46828

Phytase in diets with crude protein levels for commercial layers
Provedor de dados: 2
Autores: Pereira, Adriana Aparecida; Junqueira, Otto Mack; Griep Junior, Dirceu Neutzling; Lima Júnior, Dorgival Morais de; Sgavioli, Sarah; Morais, Socorro.
 The aim of this study was to evaluate the action of the phytase enzyme in diets formulated with variations in the crude protein content on performance and egg quality of commercial layers. A total of 336 commercial layers were housed at eight birds per cage in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement with seven replicates. Treatments consisted of four crude-protein levels (17, 15, and 13%) and two enzyme levels (0 and 500 FTU kg-1 diet), distributed in a completely randomized design. Feed intake, egg production, feed conversion per dozen eggs and per kilogram, egg weight and mass, specific gravity, eggshell thickness, and Haugh unit were measured over five 28-day periods. The performance of commercial layers fed the diet containing 13% crude protein worsened,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Phosphorus; Chicken; Nitrogen; Eggs.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/ActaSciAnimSci/article/view/33097

Cryopreservation of an avian spirochete strain in liquid nitrogen
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Labruna,M.B.; Resende,J.S.; Martins,N.R.S.; Jorge,M.A.
Soros de aves experimentalmente infectadas, contendo espiroquetas viáveis, foram submetidos a dois procedimentos antes da criopreservação: glicerol na diluição de 1/2 (v/v), designado como soro com glicerol a 50% (GS), e dimetilsulfóxido na proporção de 1/10 (v/v), designado como soro com DMSO a 10% (DS). Após 15 meses de estocagem em nitrogênio líquido, amostras dos tratamentos GS e DS foram descongeladas e suas infectividades foram testadas em frangos susceptíveis. Apesar de ambos os procedimentos terem mantidos a infectividade da bactéria, DMSO a 10% no soro de frango apresentou-se mais satisfatório como criopreservante.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Chicken; Spirochete; Borrelia anserina; Cryopreservation.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09351999000600008

Histopathological and ultrastructural characteristics of myeloid leukosis in broiler chicken
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Manzan,R.M.; Baccaro,M.R.; Ferreira,A.J.P.; Sinhorini,I.L.; Moreno,A.M.
An ultrastructural and histological study was performed to determine the degree of differentiation of the neoplastic cells. The histological study revealed neoplastic cells with pleomorphism, oval nuclei, prominent nucleoli, irregularly distributed chromatin, atypical mitotic figures and moderate amount of cytoplasm containing spherical eosinophilic granulations, typical features of the myeloid lineage. Ultrastructurally, there were cells with an electron-dense, oval and voluminous nucleus, with predominant euchromatin and cytoplasm containing many spherical, electron-dense and homogeneous granules, indicative of myelocytes with differentiation to eosinophils. Type-C viral particles were also seen in the intercellular space of renal tubules and inside the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chicken; Avian leukosis; Avian oncovirus; Histopathology; Ultrastructure.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352006000500009

A retrospective PCR investigation of avian Orthoreovirus, chicken infectious anemia and fowl Aviadenovirus genomes contamination in commercial poultry vaccines in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Barrios,P.R.; Marin,S.Y.; Rios,R.L.; Pereira,C.G.; Resende,M.; Resende,J.S.; Martins,N.R.S.
Vacinas avícolas vivas comerciais produzidas entre 1991 e 2005 foram examinadas para a presença de genomas dos vírus da anemia infecciosa das galinhas (Gyrovirus CAV), da hepatite por corpúsculo de inclusão (Aviadenovirus FAdV) e da artrite viral/síndrome da má absorção (Orthoreovirus aviário ARV). Vinte e seis partidas de vacinas vivas liofilizadas de oito fabricantes com lacre original foram examinadas. As extrações de DNA e PCR de CAV e FAdV, e de RNA e RT-PCR para ARV, foram descritas previamente. Contaminações triplas de ARV, CAV e FAdV foram detectadas em vacinas de mesmo fabricante, produzidas em 1991 e 1992 contra a doença de Newcastle (DN), e para a encefalomielite aviária, produzida em 1994. ARV e CAV em co-infecção foram encontrados em vacinas...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chicken; Vaccine; Avian Orthoreovirus; Aviadenovirus; Gyrovirus.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352012000100035

A VP3/VP1 gene polymerase chain reaction assay for detection of chicken anemia virus in broiler samples
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Nogueira,E.O.; Brentano,L.; Ferreira,A.J.P.
A PCR assay was designed for amplification of the highly conserved VP3 gene and a 5' region of the VP1 gene, for the diagnosis of CAV in organ samples of broiler flocks suspected of chicken infectious anemia. A comparison of the VP3/VP1 PCR with in vivo virus isolation revealed 100% agreement of the results, with 13 positive and 3 negative samples in both assays, indicating that the VP3/VP1 PCR is a specific diagnostic method. Tissues from additional 24 broiler chicken flocks, with CAV-like lesions and clinical history were then tested only by the VP3/VP1 PCR and a reference PCR with published primers for the VP1 gene. Nineteen samples resulted positive and one negative in both PCR, while another 4 samples were positive only in the VP3/VP1 PCR. These...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chicken; Chicken anemia virus; CAV; PCR; Diagnostic test.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352005000800001

Probiotic technological and functional characteristics of Lactobacillus strains isolated from chicken gut
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Dornas,R.M.; Silva,G.A.X.; Martins,C.H.V.; Moreira,J.L.S.; Jensen,C.E.M.; Souza,M.R.; Nicoli,J.R.; Nunes,A.C.; Neumann,E.
Lactobacillus spp. isolated from different portions of chickens' gastrointestinal tract were evaluated concerning their ability to survive in a water-in-oil (W/0) emulsion containing sesame and sunflower oil. After sixty days of emulsion storage under refrigeration, three of five strains tested survived in number equal to or higher than 10(6)cfu/g. Lactobacillus reuteri 2M14C, which presented the highest survival in W/O emulsion (10(7)cfu/g), was tested for its capacity to resist throughout the passage through gnotobiotic mice gastrointestinal tract and for the ability to stimulate murine peritoneal macrophages phagocytosis. This strain remained at a number above 10(9)cfu/g feces during ten days of monoassociation, and monoassociated mice showed phagocytic...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chicken; Probiotic; Lactobacillus; Emulsion; Phagocytosis.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352014000100014

Production of monoclonal antibodies against conserved components of infectious bronchitis virus
Provedor de dados: 45
Autores: Souza,C.M.; Rocha,F.R.T.; Martins,N.R.S.; Resende,J.S.; Jorge,M.A.; Rampinelli,A.P.
Murine hybridomas producing IgG1 monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) against N and S2 proteins (53KDa and 82KDa, respectively) from avian infection bronchitis virus (IBV) strain M41 were generated by the fusion of a myeloma cell line (Sp2/0-Ag14) with spleen cells from Balb/c mice previously immunized with whole virus IBV M41. Post-fusion screening criterion was by ELISA and 36 positive hybrids were generated after fusions. Two hybrids specific to N (N3F10) and S2 (S12B2) proteins from M41 (serotype Massachusetts) were selected by western blotting. These Mabs recognized the Ark-99 (serotype Arkansas) and A5968 (serotype Connecticut) IBV strains in addition to M41. By ELISA, the Mab against the S2 (S12B2) recognized all reference and Brazilian strains (M41, SE-17,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chicken; Monoclonal antibody; Infectious bronchitis; Nucleoprotein; Spike glicoprotein S2.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352001000500002

Microbiological analysis of critical points in the chicken industry
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Cansian,Rogério Luis; Floriani,Salete Teresa Radeski; Valduga,Eunice.
This work is focused on identifying microbial contamination in the scalding asepsis and cooling processes as well as in fresh sausages obtained. Salmonella was identified in two scald water samples but was absent in the water from chiller and in the final product, which might be explained in terms of chlorine addition and temperature reduction. The analysis revealed that MPN of Escherichia coli was in the range of &lt;1-11/mL in the scald water and &lt;1-64/mL in the chiller. Aeromonas sp. count showed 5 to 3.5x10¹ CFU/mL in the scald water and 9 to 3.7x10² CFU/mL in the chiller, probably due to the psycrophile characteristics of Aeromonas and evisceration process. The analysis of fresh sausages chicken revealed a sharp increase in the Aeromonas count...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Aeromonas; Bacteria; Chicken; Microbiology; Food quality control.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132005000300011

Pellet Method of Semen Cryopreservation: Effect of Cryoprotectants, Semen Diluents and Chicken Lines
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Shanmugam,Murugesan; Mahapatra,Ramkrishna.
Abstract The present study evaluated the effect of cryoprotectants, semen diluents and chicken lines during pellet method of semen cryopreservation. Three different experiments were conducted; Experiment 1 - semen was cryopreserved using dimethylformamide (DMF) at 6% and 9% concentrations in two semen diluents (Lake and Ravie diluent and TES/NaCl diluent), Experiment 2 - semen was cryopreserved using dimethylacetamide (DMA) at 6% and 9% with or without sucrose (100mM), Experiment 3- semen from two chicken lines (PD1 and PD6) was cryopreserved using DMA (6% and 9%). Semen was evaluated pre and post cryopreservation for progressive motility, live and abnormal sperm. Semen pellets were stored in cryovials for at least seven days before examination and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chicken; Diluent; Fertility; Pellet cryopreservation; Semen.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132019000100501

Cultivation and Biological Characterization of Chicken Primordial Germ Cells
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Ji,Meng; Guan,Wei-jun; Gao,Yu-hua; Li,Lu; Bai,Chun-yu; Ma,Yue-hui; Li,Xiang-chen.
The purpose of this work was to investigate the isolation, culture process of chicken gonadal primordial germ cells (PGCs) and study their biological characterization. PGCs were harvested from 5.5-day-old chicken embryonic genital ridges and explanted onto chicken embryonic fibroblasts (CEFs). The results showed that the primary cultivation of chicken PGCs on their own gonadal stroma cells were better than CEFs at first two days for reproduction. The conditioned media supported the growth and colony formation of PGCs for a prolonged time in vitro and maintained a normal diploid karyotype, which were positively stained by alkaline phosphatase (AKP), periodic acid Schiff (PAS) and reacted with anti-SSEA-1, SSEA-3, Oct4, Blimp1 and Sox2. Real-time PCR showed...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chicken; Primordial germ cells; Biological characteristics; In vitro.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132016000100401

Molecular cloning of αRYR hotspot region 1 from broiler chicken
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Ziober,Iris Lamberti; Paião,Fernanda Gonzales; Marin,Silvana Regina Rockenbach; Marchi,Denis Fabricio; Binneck,Eliseu; Nepomuceno,Alexandre Lima; Coutinho,Luiz Lehmann; Shimokomaki,Massami.
Samples of Pectoralis major m. were collected, and an RT-PCR analysis of the a-Ryanodine receptor (a RYR) from chicken mRNA hotspot region spanning aminoacid residues 386 to 540, numbered according to the turkey sequence, revealed two classes of transcripts. The sequences of the first class were similar to turkey and human with 97% and 74% of identity, respectively, and included all transcripts with substitutions in the nucleotide sequence. The second class was characterized by the deletion of nucleotides, leading to a premature stop codon and coding for a truncated and nonfunctional protein. These results are to date the first report related to the sequencing of the chicken αRYR hotspot region 1, which will possibility serve as a guide for further studies...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: ΑRYR; PSE; Chicken.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132009000700029

Effects of Yucca Extract on Feed Efficiency, Immune and Antioxidative Functions in Broilers
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Su,Jun-Ling; Shi,Bin-Lin; Zhang,Peng-Fei; Sun,Deng-Sheng; Li,Ti-Yu; Yan,Su-Mei.
Effects of yucca extract (YE) on feed efficiency, immune and antioxidative function in Arbor Acres broilers were studied. One hundred and twenty-eight fourteen-day-old broiler chickens were randomly divided into four treatments with four replicates of 8 birds each. These four diets were formulated by adding 0, 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg YE to the basal diet. The results showed that: diets supplemented with 100 and 200 mg/kg YE increased average body weight gain, feed efficiency, IgG, IgM, T-AOC, CAT and SOD levels, and have positive effects on inducing immune organs' maturation. In addition, 100 mg treatment mainly improved the feed efficiency whereas 200 mg treatment mainly acted on immunity and anti-oxidation. In conclusion, YE can be used as a feed additive...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Yucca product; Chicken; Feed efficiency; Immunity; Antioxidant.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132016000100504

Cardioprotective effect of ornitho-kinin in an anesthetized, open-chest chicken model of acute coronary occlusion
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Prezoto,B.C.; Couto,G.K.; Rossoni,L.V.; Schoorlemmer,G.H.M.; Carillo,B.A.; Campos,R.R.
The generation of bradykinin (BK; Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg) in blood and kallidin (Lys-BK) in tissues by the action of the kallikrein-kinin system has received little attention in non-mammalian vertebrates. In mammals, kallidin can be generated by the coronary endothelium and myocytes in response to ischemia, mediating cardioprotective events. The plasma of birds lacks two key components of the kallikrein-kinin system: the low molecular weight kininogen and a prekallikrein activator analogous to mammalian factor XII, but treatment with bovine plasma kallikrein generates ornitho-kinin [Thr6,Leu8]-BK. The possible cardioprotective effect of ornitho-kinin infusion was investigated in an anesthetized, open-chest chicken model of acute coronary...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chicken; Infarct size; Kallikrein-kinin system; Ornitho-kinin; Factor XII.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2009000900009

Western blot detection of infectious bursal disease virus infection
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Pereira,S.R.F.G.; Travassos,C.E.P.F.; Huguenim,A.; Guimarães,A.C.C.; Silva,A.G.; Guimarães,M.A.A.M.
In order to evaluate the use of a Western blot methodology for the diagnosis of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) infection, chickens were experimentally infected with IBDV strains and tested for the presence of viral antigens and antibodies by a blocking Western blot test (bWB). The viral proteins obtained from the bursa of Fabricius (BF) were transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane after sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and the chicken sera obtained by heart puncture were used for the detection of these proteins. In order to eliminate nonspecific reactions, we used a rabbit anti-chicken serum (blocking tool). By the use of the bWB test, two distinct viral proteins of 43-kDa (VP2) and 32-kDa (VP3) were detected....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Western blot; IBDV infection; Chicken.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X1998000500011

Distribution of small proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans in humerus-related articular cartilage of chickens
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Rodrigues,E.D.; Pimentel,E.R.; Mourão,P.A.S.; Gomes,L.
The expression of components present in the cartilaginous extracellular matrix is related to development, gender, and genotype, as well as to the biomechanical properties of each type of cartilage. In the present study, we analyzed small proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans present in different cartilages of the chicken wing after extraction with guanidine hydrochloride or papain. Quantitative analysis of glycosaminoglycans showed a larger amount in humeral cartilage (around 200 mg/g tissue) than in articular cartilage of the radius and ulna, with 138 and 80 mg/g tissue, respectively. Non-collagenous proteins isolated were predominantly from cartilage in the proximal regions of the humerus and radius. D4 fractions obtained by ultracentrifugation were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Proteoglycan; Fibromodulin; Decorin; Glycosaminoglycan; Cartilage; Chicken.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2005000300009

Identification of Lactobacillus spp. from broiler litter in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Paço,Ronaldo S.; Leme,Ivani Lucia; Bottino,José Américo; Ferreira,Antônio José Piantino.
Lactobacillus spp. were identified in 100 broiler litter samples collected from different poultry-rearing regions in Brazil. Ten different Lactobacillus species were identified: L. plantarum, L.casei subsp. pesudoplantarum, L. delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii, L. reuteri, L. murinus, L. agilis, L. delbrueckii subsp. lactis, L. salivarus subsp. salicinus, L. viridenscens and L. amylophilus.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Lactobacillus spp.; Broiler litter; Chicken.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822003000300010

Campylobacter jejuni occurrence in chicken fecal samples from small properties in Pelotas, southern of Brazil
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Gomes,Fabiane R.; Curcio,Bruna R.; Ladeira,Sílvia R.L.; Fernández,Heriberto; Meireles,Mário Carlos Araújo.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of thermophilic Campylobacter species in broiler flocks from 26 small properties located near the campus of Federal University of Pelotas, RS, Brazil. A total of 404 chicken fecal samples were analyzed and after isolation, identification and biotyping was performed according to Lior´s scheme. Twenty one strains (5.2%) of Campylobacter jejuni biotype II were isolated from animals from seven properties (26.9%), with a variation from 3% to 34.6% among the positive properties. We also analyzed twelve C. jejuni isolates by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), using specific primers that generate a fragment of 402 pb. Our study allowed us to observe that chickens raised in non-industrial establishments without...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Campylobacter jejuni; Thermotolerant species; Diarrhea; Chicken.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822006000300032

Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Pasteurella multocida isolated from chickens and japanese quails in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Rigobelo,Everlon Cid; Blackall,Patrick Joseph; Maluta,Renato Pariz; Ávila,Fernando Antonio de.
A study was performed to verify the presence of Pasteurella multocida in eight different poultry groups of 90 birds each. Groups I to IV were chickens (I being &amp;gt; 6 weeks of age with a history of respiratory illness, II &amp;gt; 6 weeks of age and free of respiratory illness, III &lt; 6 weeks of age with respiratory illness and IV being &lt; 6 weeks of age and with no respiratory illness. Groups V to VIII had the matching characteristics of Groups I to V but consisted of Japanese Quails. The P. multocida isolation rate from the groups was as follows; Group I 56/90 (62.3%) Group II 18/90 (20.0%), Group III 12/90 (13.3%), Group IV 3/90 (3.33%), Group V 8/90 (8.88%), Group VI 2/90 (2.22%) Group VII 2/90 (2.22%) and Group VIII 1/90 (1.11%). These...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Pasteurella multocida; Antimicrobial resistance; Chicken; Quails.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822013000100023

Comparision of the BAX® System with an in-house MSRV method for the detection of Salmonella in chicken carcasses and pork meat
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Franchin,Paulo R.; Ogliari,Paulo J.; Andrade,Dalton F.; Chiapinoto,Maura; Lemos,Giovana; Rebelatto,Marina; Silva,Ivair G. da; Batista,Cleide R.V.
A study was performed to compare the analytical procedure of the BAX® System for Salmonella PCR assay with the Modified Semi-Solid Rappaport-Vassiliadis (MSRV) method, for the detection of Salmonella in naturally contaminated chicken carcass samples (n = 762) and raw pork meat (n = 566). The chicken carcasses samples were collected during slaughtering after defeathering or immediately after evisceration and the raw pork meat collected from the deboned head of recently slaughtered pigs and others deboned raw fresh pork meat. The BAX® System detected 134 Salmonella-positive samples in chicken carcasses and 145 samples in pork meat, while the MSRV method isolated 142 and 144 Salmonella-positive samples, respectively. No significant difference was observed...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: BAX® System; MSRV method; Salmonella; Chicken; Pork meat.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822006000400022

Microbiological quality and other characteristics of refrigerated chicken meat in contact with cellulose acetate-based film incorporated with rosemary essential oil
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Melo,Adriane Alexandre Machado de; Geraldine,Robson Maia; Silveira,Miriam Fontes Araujo; Torres,Maria Célia Lopes; Rezende,Cíntia Silva Minafra e; Fernandes,Thiago Henrique; Oliveira,Antonio Nonato de.
Antimicrobial active packaging delays or inhibits microorganism growth in packed products, and it can be used in a variety of food systems. The objective of the present research was to develop packaging incorporated with natural antimicrobial agents (active film). The effects of the active film on the spoilage, pathogenic microorganism counts, pH and color of the refrigerated chicken breast cuts were analyzed. Cellulose acetate-based active films incorporating two concentrations (20% and 50%, v/w) of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) essential oil were manufactured and placed in contact with the chicken breast cuts for six days. An analysis of variance and mean comparison tests (Tukey's test, p&lt;0.05) were performed on the results. The films that...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Active packaging; Antimicrobial activity; Cellulose acetate; Rosmarinus officinalis L.; Chicken.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822012000400025

Glucuronidase activity of Escherichia coli isolated from chicken carcasses
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Perin,Luana Martins; Yamazi,Anderson Keizo; Moraes,Paula Mendonça; Cossi,Marcus Vinícius Coutinho; Pinto,Paulo Sérgio de Arruda; Nero,Luís Augusto.
To identify Escherichia coli through the production of β-D-glucuronidase (GUD), 622 suspect cultures were isolated from chicken carcasses and plated in PetrifilmTM EC. Of these cultures, only 44 (7.1%) failed to produce GUD. This result indicates the usefulness of GUD production for estimating E. coli populations in chicken.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Escherichia coli; Glucuronidase activity; Chicken.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822010000300036

Campylobacter sp in eggs from cloacal swab positive breeder hens
Provedor de dados: 58
Autores: Fonseca,Belchiolina Beatriz; Soncini,Ricardo Alfredo; Gimarães,Adelia Rodrigues; Rossi,Daise Aparecida.
Campylobacter sp is a microaerophilic, thermotolerating Gram negative bacterium, known to be one of the main causes of food-borne human infections. Among the foods that carry these microorganisms, the chicken is outstanding. In Brazil, a large chicken exporting country, few researches are conducted about their prevalence in breeder hens and the transmission through eggs. The aim of this research was to verify the presence of Campylobacter sp in the shells and within the eggs from positive cloacal swab breeder hens. Microbiological analyses were made on cloacal swabs of 140 weighed breeder hens. The positive breeder hens were set aside and in a total of 244 of their eggs, Campylobacter sp was present in macerated shells and yolk contents during 7 weeks. Out...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Campylobacter; Eggs; Chicken; Vertical transmission; Epidemiology.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822006000400032

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella Gallinarum and Salmonella Pullorum isolated from ill poultry in Brazil
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Penha Filho,Rafael Antonio Casarin; Ferreira,Joseane Cristina; Kanashiro,Ana Maria Iba; Darini,Ana Lúcia da Costa; Berchieri Junior,Angelo.
ABSTRACT: Salmonella Gallinarum (S. Gallinarum) and Salmonella Pullorum (S. Pullorum) are poultry host-specific, agents of fowl typhoid and pullorum disease, respectively. These biovars cause septicemic infections, resulting in high mortality. Outbreaks are frequently reported worldwide, causing losses due to the elimination of infected flocks and treatments. The use of antimicrobial agents is frequent in poultry farms to prevent or treat gastrointestinal infections. In the present research it was evaluated the antimicrobial susceptibility of 50 S. Gallinarum and S. Pullorum isolates, from outbreaks that occurred between 1987 to 1991 and 2006 to 2013. The comparison of the susceptibility profiles showed that all isolates were susceptible to β-lactams. All...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Quinolones; Chicken; Fowl typhoid; Antimicrobial susceptibility; Salmonella.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782016000300513

Laminosioptes cysticola in free-range chickens in Minas Gerais, Brazil
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Martins,Nelson Rodrigo da Silva; Resende,José Sérgio de; Marques,Marcus Vinícius Romero; Barrios,Priscilla Rochelle; Fernandes,André Almeida; Montresor,Lângia Colli; Cunha,Lucas Maciel.
The subcutaneous acarid parasite Laminosioptes cysticola, the fowl cyst mite, has been found for a number of years in free-range chickens of peri-urban and rural Minas Gerais, forming collagen cysts which may be subsequently calcified after the parasite's death. The role of free-range chickens as hosts and the possible risk of food-borne human allergy, as a result of its consumption in feed, are considered.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Laminosioptes cysticola; Fowl cyst mite; Chicken; Gallus gallus domesticus.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782010000600038