Consulta: subjectFacets:"Comet assay"
Registros recuperados: 69
Data/hora: 06/06/2024 01:27:44

Evaluation of the in vivo mutagenic potential of hydroalcoholic extracts of the northern highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L. Ericales, Ericaceae) on peripheral blood cells of Swiss mice (Mus musculus Rodentia, Muridae)
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Freitas,Patrícia Scotini; Andrade,Sérgio Faloni de; Maistro,Edson Luis.
The northern highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L. Ericales, Ericaceae) is very rich in anthocyanins, natural pigments which have strong antioxidant properties and potential health benefits, resulting in the worldwide use the blueberry as a medicinal plant. We investigated the mutagenic potential of simple hydroalcoholic extracts of V. corymbosum acutely administrated by gavage to Swiss mice at doses of 1 g kg-1, 1.5 g kg-1 and 2 g kg-1. Peripheral blood cells were collected 4 h and 24 h post-gavage and assessed by the alkaline comet assay, with further blood samples being collected at 48 h and 72 h for assessment using the micronucleus (MN) assay. Our results show that the V. corymbosum extracts did not induce any statistically significant increase...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Comet assay; Micronucleus; Mutagenicity; Vaccinium corymbosum.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572008000300025

Profile of micronucleus frequencies and DNA damage in different species   of fish in a eutrophic tropical lake
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Grisolia,Cesar K.; Rivero,Carla L. G.; Starling,Fernando L. R. M.; Silva,Izabel C. R. da; Barbosa,Antonio C.; Dorea,Jose G.
Lake Paranoá is a tropical reservoir for the City of Brasilia, which became eutrophic due to inadequate sewage treatment associated with intensive population growth. At present, two wastewater treatment plants are capable of processing up to 95% of the domestic sewage, thereby successfully reducing eutrophization. We evaluated both genotoxic and cytotoxic parameters in several fish species ( Geophagus brasiliensis ,  Cichla temensis ,  Hoplias malabaricus ,  Astyanax bimaculatus lacustres ,  Oreochromis niloticus ,  Cyprinus carpio  and  Steindachnerina insculpita ) by using the micronucleus (MN) test, the comet assay and nuclear abnormality assessment in peripheral erythrocytes. The highest frequencies of MN were found in  Cichla temensis  and  Hoplias...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Genotoxicity; Fish biomonitoring; Eutrophic lake; Micronucleus; Comet assay; Cytotoxicity.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572009000100021

The pequi pulp oil (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.) provides protection against aging-related anemia, inflammation and oxidative stress in Swiss mice, especially in females
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Roll,Mariana Matos; Miranda-Vilela,Ana Luisa; Longo,João Paulo Figueiró; Agostini-Costa,Tania da Silveira; Grisolia,Cesar Koppe.
Abstract Continued exposure to reactive oxygen species and inflammation are the rationale behind aging theories and associated diseases. Scientific evidence corroborates the ethnomedicinal use of the oil of pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.), a typical Brazilian Cerrado fruit, against oxidative damage to biomolecules and inflammation. We aimed to investigate in vivo the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of pequi oil on hemogram and DNA damage in healthy young adult and older middle-aged Swiss mice of both genders. Animals, aged 6-7 and 11-12 months, were orally treated for 15 days with pequi oil at 30 mg/day. Blood samples were used for hemogram and comet assay, and bone marrow for micronucleus test. Female controls of 11-12 months had...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Aging-related inflammation and oxidative stress; Comet assay; Micronucleus; Antioxidant; Folk medicine.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572018000500858

Sewage sludge does not induce genotoxicity and carcinogenesis
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Silva,Paula Regina Pereira; Barbisan,Luis Fernando; Dagli,Maria Lúcia Zaidan; Saldiva,Paulo Hilário Nascimento.
Through a series of experiments, the genotoxic/mutagenic and carcinogenic potential of sewage sludge was assessed. Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups: Group 1 - negative control; Group 2 - liver carcinogenesis initiated by diethylnitrosamine (DEN; 200 mg/kg i.p.); Group 3 and G4- liver carcinogenesis initiated by DEN and fed 10,000 ppm or 50,000 ppm of sewage sludge. The animals were submitted to a 70% partial hepatectomy at the 3rd week. Livers were processed for routine histological analysis and immunohistochemistry, in order to detect glutathione S-transferase positive altered hepatocyte foci (GST-P+ AHF). Peripheral blood samples for the comet assay were obtained from the periorbital plexus immediately prior to sacrificing....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Comet assay; Micronucleus; Sewage genotoxicity.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572012000400017

Genotoxicity and mutagenicity of water contaminated with tannery effluents, as evaluated by the micronucleus test and comet assay using the fish Oreochromis niloticus and chromosome aberrations in onion root-tips
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Matsumoto,Silvia Tamie; Mantovani,Mário Sérgio; Malaguttii,Mirtis Irene Ariza; Dias,Ana Lúcia; Fonseca,Inês Cristina; Marin-Morales,Maria Aparecida.
Cytotoxicity of metals is important because some metals are potential mutagens able to induce tumors in humans and experimental animals. Chromium can damage DNA in several ways, including DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) which generate chromosomal aberrations, micronucleus formation, sister chromatid exchange, formation of DNA adducts and alterations in DNA replication and transcription. In our study, water samples from three sites in the Córrego dos Bagres stream in the Franca municipality of the Brazilian state of São Paulo were subjected to the comet assay and micronucleus test using erythrocytes from the fish Oreochromis niloticus. Nuclear abnormalities of the erythrocytes included blebbed, notched and lobed nuclei, probably due to genotoxic chromium...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Allium cepa; Chromium; Chromosomes aberrations; Comet assay; Micronucleus; Oreochromis niloticus.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572006000100028

Mutagenic effects of tributyltin and inorganic lead (Pb II) on the fish H. malabaricus as evaluated using the comet assay and the piscine micronucleus and chromosome aberration tests
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Ferraro,Marcos Vinícius M.; Fenocchio,Alberto Sérgio; Mantovani,Mario Sérgio; Ribeiro,Ciro de Oliveira; Cestari,Marta Margarete.
Genotoxicity studies on toxic metals and their organic compounds are very important, especially so in the investigation of the effects of these compounds on the aquatic environments where they tend to accumulate. The use of endemic aquatic organisms as biological sentinels has proved useful to environmental monitoring. We assessed the mutagenic potential of tributyltin (TBT) and inorganic lead (PbII) using samples of the fish Hoplias malabaricus (commonly called traíra) using the comet assay and the piscine micronucleus and chromosome aberration tests. Eighteen H. malabaricus were acclimatized in three individual aquariums, each containing six fish, six fish being exposed to 0.3 mg/g of body weight (bw) of TBT, six to 21 mg/g bw of PbII and six being used...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Comet assay; Micronucleus; Chromosome aberrations; Tributyltin; Lead; Fish.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572004000100017

Human mesenchymal stem cells are resistant to cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of cisplatin in vitro
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Bellagamba,Bruno Corrêa; Abreu,Bianca Regina Ribas de; Grivicich,Ivana; Markarian,Carolina Franke; Chem,Eduardo; Camassola,Melissa; Nardi,Nance Beyer; Dihl,Rafael Rodrigues.
Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known for their important properties involving multilineage differentiation potential., trophic factor secretion and localization along various organs and tissues. On the dark side, MSCs play a distinguished role in tumor microenvironments by differentiating into tumor-associated fibroblasts or supporting tumor growth via distinct mechanisms. Cisplatin (CIS) is a drug widely applied in the treatment of a large number of cancers and is known for its cytotoxic and genotoxic effects, both in vitro and in vivo. Here we assessed the effects of CIS on MSCs and the ovarian cancer cell line OVCAR-3, by MTT and comet assays. Our results demonstrated the resistance of MSCs to cell death and DNA damage induction by CIS,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Mesenchymal stem cells; Cisplatin; MTT; Comet assay; OVCAR-3 cells.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572016000100129

Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of coronaridine from Tabernaemontana catharinensis A.DC in a human laryngeal epithelial carcinoma cell line (Hep-2)
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Rizo,Walace Fraga; Ferreira,Luis Eduardo; Colnaghi,Vanessa; Martins,Juliana Simões; Franchi,Leonardo Pereira; Takahashi,Catarina Satie; Beleboni,Rene Oliveira; Marins,Mozart; Pereira,Paulo Sérgio; Fachin,Ana Lúcia.
Cancer has become a major public health problem worldwide and the number of deaths due to this disease is increasing almost exponentially. In the constant search for new treatments, natural products of plant origin have provided a variety of new compounds to be explored as antitumor agents. Tabernaemontana catharinensis is a medicinal plant that produces alkaloids with expressive antitumor activity, such as heyneanine, coronaridine and voacangine. The aim of present study was firstly to screen the cytotoxic activity of the indole alkaloids heyneanine, coronaridine and voacangine against HeLa (human cervix tumor), 3T3 (normal mouse embryo fibroblasts), Hep-2 (human laryngeal epithelial carcinoma) and B-16 (murine skin) cell lines by MTT...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: 3T3; Apoptosis; Comet assay; Indole alkaloid; LDH.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572013000100015

Estimates of DNA damage by the comet assay in the direct-developing frog Eleutherodactylus johnstonei (Anura, Eleutherodactylidae)
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Valencia,Laura Carolina; García,Adriana; Ramírez-Pinilla,Martha Patricia; Fuentes,Jorge Luis.
The aim of this study was to use the Comet assay to assess genetic damage in the direct-developing frog Eleutherodactylus johnstonei. A DNA diffusion assay was used to evaluate the effectiveness of alkaline, enzymatic and alkaline/enzymatic treatments for lysing E. johnstonei blood cells and to determine the amount of DNA strand breakage associated with apoptosis and necrosis. Cell sensitivity to the mutagens bleomycin (BLM) and 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO) was also assessed using the Comet assay, as was the assay reproducibility. Alkaline treatment did not lyse the cytoplasmic and nuclear membranes of E. johnstonei blood cells, whereas enzymatic digestion with proteinase K (40 !g/mL) yielded naked nuclei. The contribution of apoptosis and necrosis...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bleomycin; Comet assay; DNA diffusion assay; Eleutherodactylus johnstonei; 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572011000400022

Estimates of DNA strand breakage in bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) leukocytes measured with the Comet and DNA diffusion assays
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Díaz,Adriana; Carro,Sandra; Santiago,Livia; Estévez,Juan; Guevara,Celia; Blanco,Miriam; Sánchez,Laima; Sánchez,Liena; López,Nirka; Cruz,Danilo; López,Ronar; Cuetara,Elizabeth B.; Fuentes,Jorge Luis.
The analysis of DNA damage by mean of Comet or single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) assay has been commonly used to assess genotoxic impact in aquatic animals being able to detect exposure to low concentrations of contaminants in a wide range of species. The aims of this work were 1) to evaluate the usefulness of the Comet to detect DNA strand breakage in dolphin leukocytes, 2) to use the DNA diffusion assay to determine the amount of DNA strand breakage associated with apoptosis or necrosis, and 3) to determine the proportion of DNA strand breakage that was unrelated to apoptosis and necrosis. Significant intra-individual variation was observed in all of the estimates of DNA damage. DNA strand breakage was overestimated because a considerable amount...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Comet assay; DNA diffusion assay; DNA strand breakage; Tursiops truncatus.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572009000200025

Evaluation of the genotoxic and antigenotoxic potential of Melissa officinalis in mice
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Carvalho,Natália Cassettari de; Corrêa-Angeloni,Maria Júlia Frydberg; Leffa,Daniela Dimer; Moreira,Jeverson; Nicolau,Vanessa; Amaral,Patrícia de Aguiar; Rossatto,Ângela Erna; Andrade,Vanessa Moraes de.
Melissa officinalis (L.) (Lamiaceae), a plant known as the lemon balm, is native to the east Mediterranean region and west Asia. Also found in tropical countries, such as Brazil, where it is popularly known as "erva-cidreira" or "melissa", it is widely used in aqueous- or alcoholic-extract form in the treatment of various disorders. The aim was to investigate in vivo its antigenotoxicity and antimutagenicity, as well as its genotoxic/mutagenic potential through comet and micronucleus assaying. CF-1 male mice were treated with ethanolic (Mo-EE) (250 or 500 mg/kg) or aqueous (Mo-AE) (100 mg/kg) solutions of an M. officinalis extract for 2 weeks, prior to treatment with saline or Methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) doses by intraperitoneal injection. Irrespective...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Melissa officinalis; Comet assay; Micronucleus test; Genotoxicity; Antigenotoxicity.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572011000200021

Evaluation of genetic damage induced by glyphosate isopropylamine salt using Tradescantia bioassays
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Alvarez-Moya,Carlos; Reynoso Silva,Mónica; Villalobos Arámbula,Alma Rosa; Islas Sandoval,Alfonso; Castañeda Vasquez,Hugo; González Montes,Rosa María.
Glyphosate is noted for being non-toxic in fishes, birds and mammals (including humans). Nevertheless, the degree of genotoxicity is seriously controversial. In this work, various concentrations of a glyphosate isopropylamine salt were tested using two methods of genotoxicity assaying, viz., the pink mutation assay with Tradescantia (4430) and the comet assay with nuclei from staminal cells of the same plant. Staminal nuclei were studied in two different forms, namely nuclei from exposed plants, and nuclei exposed directly. Using the pink mutation assay, isopropylamine induced a total or partial loss of color in staminal cells, a fundamental criterion utilized in this test. Consequently, its use is not recommended when studying genotoxicity with agents...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Glyphosate; DNA damage; Comet assay; Plant genotoxicity test; Tradescantia point mutation test.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572011000100022

Evaluation of DNA damage in an Ecuadorian population exposed to glyphosate
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Paz-y-Miño,César; Sánchez,María Eugenia; Arévalo,Melissa; Muñoz,María José; Witte,Tania; De-la-Carrera,Gabriela Oleas; Leone,Paola E.
We analyzed the consequences of aerial spraying with glyphosate added to a surfactant solution in the northern part of Ecuador. A total of 24 exposed and 21 unexposed control individuals were investigated using the comet assay. The results showed a higher degree of DNA damage in the exposed group (comet length = 35.5 µm) compared to the control group (comet length = 25.94 µm). These results suggest that in the formulation used during aerial spraying glyphosate had a genotoxic effect on the exposed individuals.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Comet assay; DNA damage; Ecuador; Genotoxicity; Glyphosate.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572007000300026

DNA damage in the kidney tissue cells of the fish Rhamdia quelen after trophic contamination with aluminum sulfate
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Klingelfus,Tatiane; Costa,Paula Moiana da; Scherer,Marcos; Cestari,Marta Margarete.
Abstract Even though aluminum is the third most common element present in the earth's crust, information regarding its toxicity remains scarce. It is known that in certain cases, aluminum is neurotoxic, but its effect in other tissues is unknown. The aim of this work was to analyze the genotoxic potential of aluminum sulfate in kidney tissue of the fish Rhamdia quelen after trophic contamination for 60 days. Sixty four fish were subdivided into the following groups: negative control, 5 mg, 50 mg and 500 mg of aluminum sulfate per kg of fish. Samples of the posterior kidney were taken and prepared to obtain mitotic metaphase, as well as the comet assay. The three types of chromosomal abnormalities (CA) found were categorized as chromatid breaks,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Fish; Metal contamination; Chromosomal abnormalities; Comet assay.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572015000400499

Genotoxicity and antigenotoxicity assessment of shiitake (Lentinula edodes (Berkeley) Pegler) using the Comet assay
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Miyaji,CK; Jordão,BQ; Ribeiro,LR; Eira,AF; Cólus,IMS.
The mushroom shiitake (Lentinula edodes (Berkeley) Pegler) is been widely consumed in many countries, including Brazil, because of its pleasant flavor and reports of its therapeutic properties, although there is little available information on the genotoxicity and/or antigenotoxicity of this mushroom. We used the Comet assay and HEp-2 cells to evaluate the in vitro genotoxic and antigenotoxic activity of aqueous extracts of shiitake prepared in three different concentrations (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mg/mL) and three different temperatures (4, 22 and 60 °C), using methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) as a positive control and untreated cells as a negative control. Two concentrations (1.0 and 1.5 mg/mL) of extract prepared at 4 °C and all of the concentrations prepared at...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Shiitake; Comet assay; HEp-2 cells; Genotoxicity; Antigenotoxicity.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572004000100018

Genotoxicity of Nicotiana tabacum leaves on Helix aspersa
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Silva,Fernanda R. da; Erdtmann,Bernardo; Dalpiaz,Tiago; Nunes,Emilene; Ferraz,Alexandre; Martins,Tales L.C.; Dias,Johny F.; Rosa,Darlan P. da; Porawskie,Marilene; Bona,Silvia; Silva,Juliana da.
Tobacco farmers are routinely exposed to complex mixtures of inorganic and organic chemicals present in tobacco leaves. In this study, we examined the genotoxicity of tobacco leaves in the snail Helix aspersa as a measure of the risk to human health. DNA damage was evaluated using the micronucleus test and the Comet assay and the concentration of cytochrome P450 enzymes was estimated. Two groups of snails were studied: one fed on tobacco leaves and one fed on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L) leaves (control group). All of the snails received leaves (tobacco and lettuce leaves were the only food provided) and water ad libitum. Hemolymph cells were collected after 0, 24, 48 and 72 h. The Comet assay and micronucleus test showed that exposure to tobacco leaves for...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Comet assay; Genotoxicity; Micronucleus test; Helix aspersa; Nicotiana tabacum; Tobacco leaves.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572013000200018

Susceptibility to DNA damage in workers occupationally exposed to pesticides, to tannery chemicals and to coal dust during mining
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Kvitko,Katia; Bandinelli,Eliane; Henriques,João A.P.; Heuser,Vanina D.; Rohr,Paula; Silva,Fernanda R. da; Schneider,Naye Balzan; Fernandes,Simone; Ancines,Camile; Silva,Juliana da.
Our mutagenesis group has been studying with important economic drivers of our state, such as agriculture, the footwear and leather industry and open-cast coal mining. Working conditions in these sectors have potentially harmful to humans. The aim of these studies is to determine the health risk of workers by biomonitoring subjects exposed to genotoxic agents. The main results of our studies with vineyard farmers we observed a high rate of MN and DNA damage in individuals exposed to pesticides (p &lt; 0.001). In addition, some effects of genetic polymorphisms in the modulation of MN results were observed in this group. Tobacco farmers were also evaluated at different crop times. The results showed a significant increase in the Damage index and frequency in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Occupational exposure; Comet assay; Micronucleus test; Pesticide; Coal dust.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572012000600022

Genotoxic evaluation of an industrial effluent from an oil refinery using plant and animal bioassays
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Rodrigues,Fernando Postalli; Angeli,José Pedro Friedmann; Mantovani,Mário Sérgio; Guedes,Carmen Luisa Barbosa; Jordão,Berenice Quinzani.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are genotoxic chemicals commonly found in effluents from oil refineries. Bioassays using plants and cells cultures can be employed for assessing environmental safety and potential genotoxicity. In this study, the genotoxic potential of an oil refinery effluent was analyzed by means of micronucleus (MN) testing of Alium cepa, which revealed no effect after 24 h of treatment. On the other hand, primary lesions in the DNA of rat (Rattus norvegicus) hepatoma cells (HTC) were observed through comet assaying after only 2 h of exposure. On considering the capacity to detect DNA damage of a different nature and of these cells to metabolize xenobiotics, we suggest the association of the two bioassays with these cell types,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Allium cepa; HTC cells; Micronucleus; Comet assay; Petroleum waste disposal.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572010000100028

Toxicity and genotoxicity in Astyanax bimaculatus (Characidae) induced by microcystins from a bloom of Microcystis spp
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Silva,Ricardo Rocha Pavan da; Pires Junior,Osmindo Rodrigues; Grisolia,Cesar Koppe.
Studies of genotoxicity in fish caused by cyanobacterial microcystins can be useful both in determining the sensitivity of native species, as well as comparing exposure routes. The genotoxicity caused by the microcystins LR and LA from a bloom collected in a eutrophic lake, was revealed in the fish Astyanax bimaculatus, a native species from South America. LC50 (72 h) was determined as 242.81 µg L-1 and LD50 (72 h) as 49.19 µg kg-1 bw. There was a significant increase of DNA damage in peripheral erythrocytes, following intraperitoneal injection (ip) with tested concentrations of 24.58 µg kg-1 bw and 36.88 µg kg-1 bw, as well as through body exposure to a concentration of 103.72 µg L-1. Micronucleus (MN) induction was observed after ip injections of 24.58...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Microcystin; Comet assay; Fish micronucleus; Necrosis; Apoptosis.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572010000400023

Investigations on DNA damage and frequency of micronuclei in occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMFs) emitted from video display terminals (VDTs)
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Lakshmi,NK; Tiwari,R; Bhargava,SC; Ahuja,YR.
The potential effect of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) emitted from video display terminals (VDTs) to elicit biological response is a major concern for the public. The software professionals are subjected to cumulative EMFs in their occupational environments. This study was undertaken to evaluate DNA damage and incidences of micronuclei in such professionals. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first attempt to carry out cytogenetic investigations on assessing bioeffects in personal computer users. The study subjects (n = 138) included software professionals using VDTs for more than 2 years with age, gender, socioeconomic status matched controls (n = 151). DNA damage and frequency of micronuclei were evaluated using alkaline comet assay...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Electromagnetic fields (EMFs); Video display terminals (VDTs); Comet assay; DNA damage; Micronuclei.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572010000100026

Assessment of genetic integrity, splenic phagocytosis and cell death potential of (Z)-4-((1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) amino)-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid and its effect when combined with commercial chemotherapeutics
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Oliveira,Rodrigo Juliano; da Cruz Leite Santos,Naiara; Pesarini,João Renato; de Oliveira,Beatriz Carneiro; Berno,Claudia Rodrigues; de Araújo,Flávio Henrique Souza; da Silveira,Ingridhy Ostaciana Maia Freitas; Nascimento,Raquel Oliveira; Brochado Antoniolli-Silva,Andréia Conceição Milan; Duenhas Monreal,Antônio Carlos; Beatriz,Adilson; de Lima,Dênis Pires; da Silva Gomes,Roberto.
Abstract The increased incidence of cancer and its high treatment costs have encouraged the search for new compounds to be used in adjuvant therapies for this disease. This study discloses the synthesis of (Z)-4-((1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) amino)-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid (IR-01) and evaluates not only the action of this compound on genetic integrity, increase in splenic phagocytosis and induction of cell death but also its effects in combination with the commercial chemotherapeutic agents doxorubicin, cisplatin and cyclophosphamide. IR-01 was designed and synthesized based on two multifunctionalyzed structural fragments: 4-aminoantipyrine, an active dipyrone metabolite, described as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent; and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Splenic phagocytosis; Comet assay; Micronucleus test; Cell death; Chemoprevention.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572018000100154

Comet assay comparison of different Corbicula fluminea (Mollusca) tissues for the detection of genotoxicity
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Rigonato,Janaina; Mantovani,Mário Sérgio; Jordão,Berenice Quinzani.
The comet assay was used to study the sensitivity of the widely distributed freshwater bivalve mollusk Corbicula fluminea to the DNA-damaging alkylating-agent methylmethane sulfonate (MMS). This study was undertaken to ascertain if C. fluminea is a good bioindicator of pollutants in aquatic environments and identify which C. fluminea tissue is most effective and practical for genotoxicity studies. The mollusks were exposed to 0.6, 1.2 or 2.4 X 10-4 M MMS for 40 min and their hemolymph, gill tissue and digestive gland tissue assessed for the level of DNA damage and the time needed for the tissues to recovery. Regression analysis showed a direct linear dose-response relationship between MMS concentration and the number of damaged cells for hemolymph and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Corbicula fluminea; Hemolymph; Gills; Digestive gland; Comet assay; Biomonitoring.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572005000300023

Cardanol: toxicogenetic assessment and its effects when combined with cyclophosphamide
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Schneider,Beatriz Ursinos Catelan; Meza,Alisson; Beatriz,Adilson; Pesarini,João Renato; Carvalho,Pamela Castilho de; Mauro,Mariana de Oliveira; Karaziack,Caroline Bilhar; Cunha-Laura,Andréa Luiza; Monreal,Antônio Carlos Duenhas; Matuo,Renata; Lima,Dênis Pires de; Oliveira,Rodrigo Juliano.
Abstract Cardanol is an effective antioxidant and is a compound with antimutagenic and antitumoral activity. Here, we evaluated the genotoxic and mutagenic potential of saturated side chain cardanol and its effects in combination with cyclophosphamide in preventing DNA damage, apoptosis, and immunomodulation. Swiss mice were treated with cardanol (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg) alone or in combination with cyclophosphamide (100 mg/kg). The results showed that cardanol is an effective chemopreventive compound, with damage reduction percentages that ranged from 18.9 to 31.76% in the comet assay and from 45 to 97% in the micronucleus assay. Moreover, cardanol has the ability to reduce the frequency of apoptosis induced by cyclophosphamide. The compound did not show...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Phenolic lipid; Antimutagenesis; Micronucleus; Comet assay; Apoptosis.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572016000200279

Comparative study of curcumin and curcumin formulated in a solid dispersion: Evaluation of their antigenotoxic effects
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Mendonça,Leonardo Meneghin; Machado,Carla da Silva; Teixeira,Cristiane Cardoso Correia; Freitas,Luis Alexandre Pedro de; Bianchi,Maria Lourdes Pires; Antunes,Lusânia Maria Greggi.
Abstract Curcumin (CMN) is the principal active component derived from the rhizome of Curcuma longa (Curcuma longa L.). It is a liposoluble polyphenolic compound that possesses great therapeutic potential. Its clinical application is, however, limited by the low concentrations detected following oral administration. One key strategy for improving the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs is solid dispersion, though it is not known whether this technique might influence the pharmacological effects of CMN. Thus, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and antigenotoxic effects of CMN formulated in a solid dispersion (CMN SD) compared to unmodified CMN delivered to Wistar rats. Cisplatin (cDDP) was used as the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Curcuma longa; Antigenotoxicity; Micronucleus test; DNA damage; Comet assay.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572015000400490

Antigenotoxic activity and antioxidant properties of organic and aqueous extracts of pequi fruit (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.) pulp
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Miranda-Vilela,Ana L.; Resck,Inês S.; Grisolia,Cesar K.
The daily consumption of natural antioxidants protects against oxidative damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS), including DNA damage, and can reduce the risk of cancer, atherosclerosis and other degenerative diseases. The pulp of pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.) fruit, a tree native to the Brazilian savannah, contains several compounds with antioxidant properties, including carotenoids, vitamin C, phenolic compounds such as flavonoids, saponins and tannins, and essential oils. In this work, we examined the ability of organic and aqueous extracts of pequi fruit pulp to protect against the genotoxicity induced by two antineoplastic drugs, cyclophosphamide (CP) and bleomycin (BLM). Micronucleus tests with mouse bone marrow cells and single-cell gel...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antigenotoxic; Antioxidant; Caryocar brasiliense; Comet assay; Micronucleus; Pequi pulp extracts; Reactive oxygen species; TBARS assay.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572008000500025

Application of the comet assay in erythrocytes of Oreochromis niloticus (Pisces): a methodological comparison
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Christofoletti,Cintya A.; David,José Augusto O.; Fontanetti,Carmem S.
The present study applied the comet assay to erythrocytes of Oreochromis niloticus with the aim of improving protocols to detect DNA damage in these cells, by using two distinct pHs (pH = 12.1 and pH &gt; 13) and evaluating whether there is a correspondence between silver and ethidium bromide staining. Comets were visually examined and, the frequency of cells with and without damage was obtained, as well as the distribution of classes and scores. By using the Kruskal-Wallis test, our results revealed that pH 12.1 is more effective, although both pHs can be used. Our findings also suggest that silver staining can substitute ethidium bromide, an expensive and highly toxic stain that requires specific equipment for examination.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other
Palavras-chave: Comet assay; Ethidium bromide; Silver staining; Tilapia.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572009000100024

Genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects of Fucus vesiculosus extract on cultured human lymphocytes using the chromosome aberration and Comet assays
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Leite-Silva,Cleide; Gusmão,Cássia Lima Silva; Takahashi,Catarina Satie.
The brown seaweed Fucus vesiculosus (Fucales, Fucaceae) was screened for its protective activity using doxorubicin-induced DNA damage in human lymphocytes. In this study, we assessed the genotoxic and antigenotoxic potential of three different concentrations (0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 mg mL-1) of F. vesiculosus aqueous extract using the chromosome aberration and Comet assays. Treatment of human lymphocyte cultures with 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 mg mL-1 F. vesiculosus aqueous extract had no effect on the chromosome aberration frequency or on the extent of DNA damage detected by the Comet assay. The antigenotoxic effects of the extract were tested in human lymphocyte cultures treated with 15 µg mL-1 of doxorubicin, either alone or combined with the different concentrations...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antigenotoxicity; Chromosomal aberrations; Comet assay; Doxorubicin; Fucus vesiculosus.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572007000100019

Protective effects of bark ethanolic extract from Spondias dulcis Forst F. against DNA damage induced by benzo[a]pyrene and cyclophosphamide
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Araujo,Caroline de S.; Brito,Lorrane D.; Tarifa,Marina O.; Silva,Nayara J. Farah da; Rodrigues,Karoline S.; Cavalcante,Dalita G. S. M.; Gomes,Andressa S.; Zocoler,Marcos A.; Yoshihara,Eidi; Camparoto,Marjori L.; Job,Aldo E.; Kerche,Leandra E.
Abstract This study evaluated the genotoxicity, mutagenicity, antigenotoxicity, and antimutagenicity effects on biochemical parameters of oxidative stress of the Spondias dulcis bark ethanolic extract on mice. The extract was evaluated in the doses of 500, 1000, and 1500 mg/kg bw via gavage. To evaluate the protective effects of the extract, benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and cyclophosphamide (CP) were chosen as DNA damage inducers. Genotoxicity and antigenotoxicity were evaluated by the comet assay. Cytotoxicity, mutagenicity, and antimutagenicity were evaluated by the micronucleus test in bone marrow and peripheral blood. The biochemical parameters of oxidative stress were evaluated by the quantification of catalase activity (CAT) and reduced glutathione (GSH)...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Comet assay; Micronucleus test; Spondias dulcis; Cytotoxicity; Mutagenicity.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572019000400643

Genotoxic effects of Tabebuia impetiginosa (Mart. Ex DC.) Standl. (Lamiales, Bignoniaceae) extract in Wistar rats
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Lemos,Odilon A.; Sanches,Júlio C.M.; Silva,Ícaro E.F.; Silva,Márcio L.A.; Vinhólis,Adriana H.C.; Felix,Mireille A.P.; Santos,Raquel A.; Cecchi,Andréa O.
Tabebuia sp. is native to tropical rain forests throughout Central and South America. Although the biological and pharmacological effects of bark extracts have been intensely studied, little is known on the extract obtained from the flower. Herein, the genotoxic potential of a flower extract from T. impetiginosa ("ipê roxo") on the blood and liver cells of Wistar rats was evaluated. Experimental procedures involved only male animals. Graduated concentrations of the extract, viz., 100, 300 and 500 mg kg-1 of body weight, were gavage-administered and 24 h latter cells were collected and processed for analysis. With the exception of the 100 mg kg-1 dose, a significant increase in DNA damage was noted, when compared with a negative control group. Although the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Tabebuia impetiginosa; Comet assay; Wistar rats; Natural compounds.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572012000300017

Comparison of the in vivo and in vitro genotoxicity of glyphosate isopropylamine salt in three different organisms
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Alvarez-Moya,Carlos; Reynoso Silva,Mónica; Valdez Ramírez,Carlos; Gómez Gallardo,David; León Sánchez,Rafael; Canales Aguirre,Alejandro; Feria Velasco,Alfredo.
There is considerable controversy with regard to the genotoxicity of glyphosate, with some reports stating that this compound is non-toxic for fish, birds and mammals. In this work, we used the comet assay to examine the genotoxicity of glyphosate isopropylamine (0.7, 7, 70 and 700 µM) in human lymphocytes, erythrocytes of Oreochromis niloticus and staminal nuclei of Tradescantia (4430) in vitro and in vivo. Cells, nuclei and fish that had and had not been exposed to 5 mM N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. Significant (p &lt; 0.01) genetic damage was observed in vivo and in vitro in all cell types and organisms tested. Human lymphocytes and Tradescantia hairs showed lower genetic damage in vivo compared...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Comet assay; DNA damage; Genotoxicity; Glyphosate.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572014000100016

Protective effects of acerola juice on genotoxicity induced by iron in vivo
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Horta,Roberta Nunes; Kahl,Vivian Francilia Silva; Sarmento,Merielen da Silva; Nunes,Marisa Fernanda Silva; Porto,Carem Rejane Maglione; Andrade,Vanessa Moraes de; Ferraz,Alexandre de Barros Falcão; Silva,Juliana Da.
Abstract Metal ions such as iron can induce DNA damage by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress. Vitamin C is one of the most widely consumed antioxidants worldwide, present in many fruits and vegetables, especially inMalpighia glabra L., popularly known as acerola, native to Brazil. Acerola is considered a functional fruit due to its high antioxidant properties and phenolic contents, and therefore is consumed to prevent diseases or as adjuvant in treatment strategies. Here, the influence of ripe and unripe acerola juices on iron genotoxicity was analyzed in vivo using the comet assay and micronucleus test. The comet assay results showed that acerola juice exerted no genotoxic or antigenotoxic activity. Neither ripe nor unripe acerola...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Genotoxicity; Comet assay; Micronucleus; Acerola juice; Iron.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572016000100122

Genetic damage induced by trophic doses of lead in the neotropical fish Hoplias malabaricus (Characiformes, Erythrinidae) as revealed by the comet assay and chromosomal aberrations
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Cestari,Marta Margarete; Lemos,Priscilla Maria M.; Ribeiro,Ciro Alberto de Oliveira; Costa,João Ricardo M. Alves; Pelletier,Emilien; Ferraro,Marcos V.M.; Mantovani,Mário Sérgio; Fenocchio,Alberto Sergio.
The effects of clastogenic or mutagenic agents have rarely been studied in neotropical fish species exposed to contaminated water. In this study, the genetic damage caused by lead in the widely distributed South American fish, Hoplias malabaricus, was assessed using the comet (SCGE) assay and by testing for chromosomal aberrations. Eighteen specimens were acclimatized to laboratory conditions and then chronically exposed to contaminated food by feeding prey (Cyprinus sp.) injected intraperitoneally with doses of inorganic lead adjusted to give a contamination level of 21 mg of Pb2+.g-1 net weight of H. malabaricus. Three fish were sampled for chromosomal analysis after four doses (18 days) and another three after eight doses (41 days) of lead and the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chromosomal aberrations; Comet assay; Genotoxicity; Hoplias malabaricus; Lead; Mutagenesis.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572004000200023

First genotoxicity study of Paraná river water from Argentina using cells from the clam Corbicula fluminea (Veneroida Corbiculidae) and Chinese hamster (Cricetulus griseus Rodentia, Cricetidae) K1 cells in the comet assay
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Caffetti,Jacqueline D.; Mantovani,Mário S.; Pastori,María C.; Fenocchio,Alberto S.
High concentrations of xenobiotics from urban and industrial wastes have contributed to the contamination of many aquatic environments. We used the comet assay to evaluate the genotoxic potential of water collected from the River Paraná, which receives a great deal of waste, at three points (Puerto Piray, Eldorado and Montecarlo) in the Misiones Province of Argentina. The in vivo comet assay used 40 freshwater clams (Corbicula fluminea) while the in vitro comet assay used Chinese hamster (Cricetulus griseus) K1 cell (CHO-K1) cultures with the mutagen ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) as the positive control and phosphate buffered saline (PBS) as the negative control. Both assays showed statistically significant differences between the three sampling sites in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biomonitoring; Comet assay; Corbícula fluminea; CHO-K1 cells; Genotoxicity; Paraná river.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572008000300026

Genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects of organic extracts of mushroom Agaricus blazei Murrill on V79 cells
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Guterres,Zaira da Rosa; Mantovani,Mário Sérgio; Eira,Augusto Ferreira da; Ribeiro,Lúcia Regina; Jordão,Berenice Quinzani.
Agaricus blazei Murrill, popularly known as the sun mushroom, is a native mushroom in SP, Brazil, that has been widely used in the treatment of cancer and many other pathologies in different parts of the world. A water-soluble protein-polysaccharide complex (1 -&gt; 6)beta-D-glucan has been isolated from its fruiting body that showed immune-modulation activity. From organic extracts, linoleic acid has been isolated and determined to be the main substance with antimutagenic activity. Using both the micronucleus (MN) and comet (single cell microgel electrophoresis) assays, this study determined the genotoxic and antigenotoxic potential of A. blazei (AB) obtained from commercial sources or the following strains: a) strains AB 97/29 (young and sporulated...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Agaricus blazei; Micronuclei; Comet assay; V79 cells; Mushroom extracts.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572005000300022

Genotoxic potential of Cotinus coggygria Scop. (Anacardiaceae) stem extract in vivo
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Matic,Sanja; Stanic,Snezana; Bogojevic,Desanka; Solujic,Slavica; Grdovic,Nevena; Vidakovic,Melita; Mihailovic,Mirjana.
The intention was to evaluate the possible in vivo genotoxic potential in different cell-types, of a methanol extract obtained from the plant stem of Cotinus coggygria Scop., using the sex-linked recessive lethal (or SLRL) test and alkaline comet assay. The SLRL test, revealed the genotoxic effect of this extract in postmeiotic and premeiotic germ-cell lines. The comet assay was carried out on rat liver and bone marrow at 24 and 72 h after intraperitoneal administration. For genotoxic evaluation, three concentrations of the extract were tested, viz., 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg body weight (bw), based on the solubility limit of the extract in saline. Comet tail moment and total scores in the group treated with 500 mg/kg bw, 24 and 72 h after treatment, were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Comet assay; Cotinus coggygria; Extract; Genotoxic effect; SLRL.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572011000200022

Genotoxicity assessment of Copaiba oil and its fractions in Swiss mice
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Almeida,Mara Ribeiro; Darin,Joana D'Arc Castania; Hernandes,Lívia Cristina; Ramos,Mônica Freiman de Souza; Antunes,Lusânia Maria Greggi; Freitas,Osvaldo de.
Copaiba oil-resin, extracted from the trunk of Copaifera, and traditionally used in folk medicine in the treatment of various disorders, has been shown to be an effective antiinflamatory, antitumor, antitetanus, antiseptic and antiblenorrhagea agent. As, there are few studies evaluating its genotoxicity, this aspect of the commercial oil-resin, and its volatile and resinous fractions, were evaluated in mice by comet assay and micronucleus (MN) test. A single dose of oil resin, volatile or resin fractions (500; 1,000 or 2,000 mg/kg b.w.) was administered by gavage. The chemical compositions of Copaiba oil resin and its fractions was analyzed by gas chromatography. According to comet assaying, treatment with either one did not increase DNA damage, and as to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Copaiba oilresin; Genotoxicity; Comet assay; Micronucleus.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572012000400018

Relationship between PAH biotransformation as measured by biliary metabolites and EROD activity, and genotoxicity in juveniles of sole (Solea solea)
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Wessel, Nathalie; Santos, Raphael; Menard, Dominique; Le Menach, K.; Buchet, Vincent; Le Bayon, Nicolas; Loizeau, Veronique; Burgeot, Thierry; Budzinski, H.; Akcha, Farida.
Polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous contaminants in the marine environment Their toxicity is mainly linked to the ability of marine species to biotransform them into reactive metabolites PAHs are thus often detected at trace levels in animal tissues For biomonitoring purposes this findings have two main consequences (i) the determination of the PAH tissue concentration is not suitable for the evaluation of individual exposure to PAHs (ii) It can explain sometimes the lack of correlations obtained with relevant markers of toxicity such as genotoxicity biomarkers The aim of the present study was to better investigate the link between PAH exposure and genotoxicity in marine flatfish During a laboratory experiment juvenile soles were exposed...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ecotoxicology; Sole; PAH; Metabolites; EROD; Comet assay.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00018/12970/10834.pdf

Evaluation des effets délétères des métaux et des pesticides sur les gamètes et les premiers stades de développement de l’huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas : application à la problématique de la pollution du Bassin d’Arcachon
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Mai, Huong.
The coastal areas are subject to multiple anthropogenic pressures including chemical pollution that can pose a real risk to the sustainability of aquatic species. The Arcachon Bay, macrotidal lagoon located on the French Atlantic coast, is the important ecosystem for oyster farming. But for several years, the oyster farms face lower recruitment and high mortality of oyster spat. Chemical contamination of the environment as a factor that may contribute to the observed effects on oysters has so far not been investigated.The present thesis aimed at evaluating through different approaches, of the potential toxicity of heavy metals and pesticides representative of the Arcachon Bay contamination on the early life stages of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas....
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Métaux; Huitre creuse; Test embryo-larvaire; Génotoxicité; Test de fertilité; Expression de gènes; Comet assay; Gene expression; Fertilization assay; Pesticides; Metals; Pacific oyster; Embryo-larvae toxicity assay.
Ano: 2013
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00590/70183/68199.pdf

Developmental toxicity of PAH mixtures in fish early life stages. Part II: adverse effects in Japanese medaka
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Le Bihanic, Florane; Clerandeau, Christelle; Le Menach, Karyn; Morin, Benedicte; Budzinski, Helene; Cousin, Xavier; Cachot, Jerome.
In aquatic environments, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) mostly occur as complex mixtures, for which risk assessment remains problematic. To better understand the effects of PAH mixture toxicity on fish early life stages, this study compared the developmental toxicity of three PAH complex mixtures. These mixtures were extracted from a PAH-contaminated sediment (Seine estuary, France) and two oils (Arabian Light and Erika). For each fraction, artificial sediment was spiked at three different environmental concentrations roughly equivalent to 0.5, 4, and 10 μg total PAH g−1 dw. Japanese medaka embryos were incubated on these PAH-spiked sediments throughout their development, right up until hatching. Several endpoints were recorded at different...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Developmental abnormalities; Comet assay; Micronucleus assay; Larvae locomotion; Oil extract; Pyrolytic extract; Medaka embryo-larval assay.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00188/29920/28385.pdf

Comet assay in phytoplankton as biomarker of genotoxic effects of environmental pollution
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Akcha, Farida; Arzul, Genevieve; Rousseau, Sabrina; Bardouil, Michele.
The alkaline comet assay was tested on different microalgae: the clinofiagellates, Karenia mikimotoi and Alexandrium minuturn, and the diatom, Chaetoceros gracilis. The microalgae were exposed during their exponential growth to the model direct genotoxicant, hydrogen peroxide (1 h, 5 and 100 pM H2O2). Following H2O2 exposure, the comet assay was validated only for K. mikimotoi for which genotoxicity was observed from the lowest tested concentration of 5 pM with a concentration-dependent effect. C. gracilis was too small in size (4 mu m) to be correctly analysed. For A. minuturn, our lysis buffer was not strong enough to digest the cellulosic thecal plates. For K. mikimotoi, the comet assay was thus applied for the study of the genotoxic effects of...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Comet assay; Genotoxicity; Pesticides; Phytoplankton.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-4504.pdf

Study of genetic damage in the japanese oyster induced by an environmentally-relevant exposure to diuron: evidence of vertical transmission of dna damage
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Barranger, Audrey; Akcha, Farida; Rouxel, Julien; Brizard, Raphael; Maurouard, Elise; Pallud, Marie; Menard, Dominique; Tapie, N.; Budzinski, Helene; Burgeot, Thierry; Benabdelmouna, Abdellah.
Pesticides represent a major proportion of the chemical pollutants detected in French coastal waters and hence a significant environmental risk with regards to marine organisms. Commercially-raised bivalves are particularly exposed to pollutants, among them pesticides, as shellfish farming zones are subject to considerable pressure from agricultural activities on the mainland.  The aims of this study were to determine (1) the genotoxic effects of diuron exposure on oyster genitors and (2) the possible transmission of damaged DNA to offspring and its repercussions on oyster fitness. To investigate these points, oysters were exposed to concentrations of diuron close to those detected in the Marennes-Oleron Basin (two 7-day exposure pulses at 0.4 and 0.6 μg...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Herbicide; Diuron; Oyster; Genotoxicity; Comet assay; Cytogenetics.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00162/27311/25541.pdf

Development of a comet-FISH assay for the detection of DNA damage in hemocytes of Crassostrea gigas
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Perez Garcia, Maria Concepcion; Rouxel, Julien; Akcha, Farida.
In this work, the DNA-damaging effect of hydrogen peroxide on the structural integrity of nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) was studied for the first time by comet-FISH in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Global DNA damage was assessed in hemocytes using an alkaline version of the comet assay. Next, NOR sensitivity was analysed by mapping major rDNA repeat unit by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) on the same comet slides. Exposure of hemocytes to 100 μM of hydrogen peroxide induced a significant increase in both DNA damage and number of FISH-signals of major ribosomal genes versus the control. Moreover, a significant positive correlation was shown between DNA damage as measured by the comet assay (percentage of DNA in comet tail) and the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Hydrogen peroxide; Comet assay; Comet-FISH; Genotoxicity.
Ano: 2015
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00250/36157/34712.pdf

Étude chez l'huître creuse, Crassostrea gigas, des anomalies génomiques provoquées par l'exposition à des concentrations environnementales de diuron : caractérisation des atteintes, étude de leur héritabilité et conséquences pour la survie et la croissance des naissains
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Barranger, Audrey.
The aims of this PhD were to determine (1) the effects of the herbicide diuron on the genome of the oyster, Crassostrea gigas, (2) the possible transmission to the offspring of damaged DNA and (3) its consequences on oyster physiology. The genotoxicity of diuron and the vertical transmission of DNA damage were highlighted after parental exposure to environmental concentrations of diuron during the gametogenesis. Primary DNA lesions were detected in both somatic cells and germ cells of exposed genitors. Detection of the oxidized base 8-oxodGuo in gonads shows that exposure to diuron led to an oxidative stress which likely explains the observed DNA strand breaks in spermatozoa. The transmission of these DNA damage was confirmed by fluorescent in situ...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Herbicide; Diuron; Génotoxicité; Effets trans-générationnels; Cytogénétique; Test des comètes; Cytométrie en flux; Crassostrea gigas; Herbicide; Diuron; Genotoxicity; Trans-generational effects; Cytogenetic; Comet assay; Flow cytometry.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00271/38237/36419.pdf

Biological effects of contaminants: Assessing DNA damage in marine species through single-cell alkaline gel electrophoresis (comet) assay.
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bean, Tp; Akcha, Farida.
Single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE or comet) assay allows quantification of DNA damage in individual cells and is an ideal tool for use within biological monitoring programmes. Comet assay can be used on a range of cell types including somatic, reproductive (gametes) or circulatory cells in many different species including both marine bivalves and flatfish. The assay can be employed with simple equipment available in most laboratories, is sensitive to environmentally relevant levels of DNA damage (Frenzilli and Lyons, 2009), accurately demonstrates a linear dose response to exposure (Collins et al., 1996), and can be adapted for use on most nucleated cell types. This document concentrates on the simplest and most repeatable method of comet assay in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Comet assay; Single cell gel electrophoresis; DNA damage; Genotoxicity; Biological effects; Bivalves; Flatfish; Integrated monitoring.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00587/69902/67807.pdf

Spatial and temporal variation of three biomarkers in Mytilus edulis
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Strubbia, Sofia; Lyons, B. P.; Lee, R. J.
Environmental conditions and xenobiotic exposure can be sources of stress to living organisms. Biological markers are measurable indicator of changes which may happen at any biological level and which can be considered an early warning signal of some biological or environmental state or condition. A structured field study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between three biomarker assays and the spatial and temporal variation of each biomarker in samples of Mytilus edulis. The three biomarkers were the neutral red retention assay, micronucleus assay and comet assay, which indicate damage at different cellular/molecular levels. Three sites in Poole Harbour, an area on the South coast of the UK were sampled on six separate occasions at least three...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Mytilus edulis; Biomarkers; Stress; Neutral red retention; Comet assay; Micronucleus assay; Poole Harbour.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00481/59274/63447.pdf

Mutagenicity and genotoxicity of suspended particulate matter in the Seine river estuary
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Hubert, Francoise; Moisan, Karine; Munschy, Catherine; Tronczynski, Jacek.
Highly mutagenic compounds such as some PAHs have been identified in surface waters and sediments of the Seine river estuary. Suspended particulate matter (SPM) represents a dynamic medium that may contribute to the exposure of aquatic organisms to toxic compounds in the water column of the estuary. In order to investigate major sources of mutagenic contaminants along the estuary, water samples were taken at 25 in downstream of the outlet of an industrial wastewater-treatment plant (WWTP). SPM samples were analyzed for their genotoxicity with two short-term tests, the Salmonella typhimurium mutagenicity assay (TA98 + S9 mix) and the comet assay in the human HepG2 cell line. Sampling sites receiving effluents from a chemical dye industry and WWTP showed the...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Ames test; Comet assay; Water pollution; Effluent; Suspended particulate matter; Seine estuary.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00072/18323/16013.pdf

Effect of watercress on induced DNA damage, DNA repair and p-glycoprotein activity in human lymphocytes
Provedor de dados: 46
Autores: Casanova,N.A; Wagner,M.L; López Nigro,M.M; Carballo,M.A.
Cruciferae vegetables are widely studied due to their potential anticarcinogenic properties. In the present work we analyzed the antigenotoxic effect of watercress (Nasturtium officinale, W. Aiton), a member of this family. The vegetal was processed, and the juice obtained was evaluated in relation with genetic material protection and DNA repair capacity against two deleterious agents: mitomycin C and hydrogen peroxide. The antigenotoxic properties were analyzed through cytokinesis block micronucleus test and comet assay (standard and with endonuclease), respectively. Besides, we tested the functionality of P-glycoprotein in human lymphocytes exposed to the whole extract. Watercress had no effect on mitomycin cytostatic effect (p&amp;gt;0.05) and although...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Chemopreventive effects; Comet assay; Micronucleus test; Transporters; Nasturtium officinale.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1852-62332014000300005

Effect of zinc on DNA integrity of cumulus cells during oocyte in Vitro maturation
Provedor de dados: 46
Autores: Picco,SJ; Seoane,A; Anchordoquy,JM; Anchordoquy,JP; Rosa,D; Fazzio,LE; Mattioli,GA; Furnus,CC.
Zinc is an essential trace element. It has been known that a non adequate level of zinc can alter not only gene expression but also a variety of cellular functions with severe consequences on animal health. Little is known about the role of zinc on the reproductive performance of bovines, especially in oocyte maturation. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the impact of different zinc concentrations added to culture medium, on the DNA integrity of bovine cumulus cells during in vitro maturation of oocytes. Cumulus-oocyte coplexes obtained from an abattoir were cultured in IVM mediums containing 30 (G1), 70 (G2), 110 (G3) and 150 (G4) &amp;#956;g/dl. At the end of IVM, cumulus cells were processed for Comet Assay. Result obtained with the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Zinc; Cumulus cells; Comet assay.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1852-62332008000200004

In vitro apprach to the study of chronic exposure to low does of X-rays
Provedor de dados: 46
Autores: Ponzinibbio,M.V; Peral-García,P; Seoane,A.
The present research was undertaken in order to study the effect of repeated low doses of radiation on two different cell lines from the same species. An in vitro model test was developed to avoid the influence of the confounding factors affecting epidemiological studies and to simulate a chronic exposure (50 mSv of x-rays during ten consecutive days). Comet assay and early apoptosis were analyzed immediately after exposure and after chronic irradiation. Sequential irradiation induced an increase of cells showing DNA damage. Index Damage was higher than that of the controls in both cell lines immediately after exposure and after chronic irradiation. These differences between exposed and control cells were statistically significant only for the transformed...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Apoptosis; Comet assay; In vitro; Ionizing radiation; Low dose.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1852-62332011000200004

DNA damage in BALB/c mice infected with Lacazia loboi and its relation to nutritional status
Provedor de dados: 80
Autores: Barbosa,Adriana Sierra Assencio Almeida; Oliveira,Larissa Ragozo Cardoso de; Tavares,Francilene Capel; Lima,Carlos Roberto Gonçalves de; Diório,Suzana Madeira; Calvi,Sueli Aparecida; Vilani-Moreno,Fátima Regina; Pereira,Paulo Câmara Marques.
AbstractBackground Jorge Lobo’s disease, also known as lacaziosis, is a cutaneous-subcutaneous mycosis with chronic evolution. It is caused by the fungus Lacazia loboi. Herein we report a study that relates the genotoxicity caused by L. loboi in isogenic mice with nutritional status, through a normal or restricted diet.Methods DNA damage was assessed in the peripheral blood by the comet assay (tail intensity).Results The results for leukocytes showed increases in the mean tail intensity in mice under dietary restriction, in infected mice under dietary restriction and in infected mice ingesting a normal diet.Conclusion These results indicate that dietary restriction and L. loboi infection may increase DNA damage levels in mice, as detected by the comet assay.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Jorge Lobo’ disease; Lacazia loboi; Malnutrition; Mice; Genotoxicity; Comet assay.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1678-91992015000100317

Acute copper toxicity in juvenile fat snook Centropomus parallelus (Teleostei: Centropomidae) in sea water
Provedor de dados: 83
Autores: Oliveira,Bruno L.; Fernandes,Luiz F. Loureiro; Bianchini,Adalto; Chippari-Gomes,Adriana R.; Silva,Bruno F.; Brandão,Geisamanda P.; Gomes,Levy C.
Three experiments were designed to assess the accumulation and acute toxicity of copper (Cu) in juvenile fat snook Centropomusparallelus. The first experiment was performed to determine the 96-h lethal concentration (LC50) of Cu. The second experiment was designed to assess the effects of sublethal concentrations of Cu (0.47 and 0.94 mg/L), while the third one allowed us to test the recovery capacity of fish exposed to the sublethal concentrations Cu and kept in sea water without Cu addition. The LC50value for Cu was found to be 1.88 mg/L Cu. Fish exposed to the sublethal concentrations of Cu showed a significant accumulation of Cu in gills at 96 h respect to the control ones (0.43 µg/g Cu). No significant difference was observed in the accumulation of Cu...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Aquatic toxicology; Comet assay; Gills; Lethal toxicity; Micronucleus test.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252014000400845

Acute toxicity of the water-soluble fraction of diesel in Prochilodus vimboidesKner (Characiformes: Prochilodontidae)
Provedor de dados: 83
Autores: Santos,Celina Alcoforado; Lenz,Dominik; Brandão,Geisamanda Pedrini; Chippari-Gomes,Adriana Regina; Gomes,Levy Carvalho.
Diesel oil can be a source of contamination in aquatic environments, mainly as a result of spills. The effects of the water-soluble fraction of diesel (WSF) on Prochilodus vimboideswere assessed. Fish were exposed to three different WSF dilutions for up to 96 h and were compared to a control group. Damages in the fragments of DNA were analyzed using the Comet assay. The presence of erytrocyts abnormalities was assessed by micronucleus test. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity and the accumulation of copper in gills were also analyzed. Fish exposed for 96 h had higher rates of damage than those exposed for 24 h. There was no significant difference regarding the presence of micronuclei between exposed and control fish...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Comet assay; Curimba; Diesel; Micronucleus.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252013000100193

A Study on Freeze-Drying as a Method of Preserving Mouse Sperm
Provedor de dados: 19
Autores: KAWASE, Yosuke; SUZUKI, Hiroshi; 鈴木, 宏志.
SRD Young Investigator Award
Palavras-chave: Comet assay; Freeze-dried sperm; ICSI; SCSA.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/3032

Genotoxic effects of the diesel water-soluble fraction on the seahorse Hippocampus reidi (Teleostei: Syngnathidae) during acute exposure
Provedor de dados: 103
Autores: Santos,Celina Alcoforado; Novaes,Larissa Simões; Gomes,Levy Carvalho.
The high toxicity of diesel components makes oil spills a threat to the biota in coastal marine environments. The genotoxic effect of the diesel water-soluble fraction (DWSF) on Hippocampus reidi (Ginsburg, 1933) was assessed. Fish were exposed to three different DWSF dilutions for up to 96 hours, and genotoxicity was analyzed using the micronuclei test and the comet assay. The micronuclei test revealed no significant differences between any of the DWSF dilutions and the control in the 24-hours period; however, micronuclei increased in fish exposed to 1:500 and 1:100 DWSF dilutions for 96 hours. For all dilutions, there was an increase in micronuclei in fish exposed for 96 hours when compared to those exposed for 24 hours. The tested dilutions increased...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Comet assay; Diesel; Marine fish; Micronuclei; Toxicity.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702010000600017

Melatonin in maturation media fails to improve oocyte maturation, embryo development rates and DNA damage of bovine embryos
Provedor de dados: 63
Autores: Takada,Luciana; Martins Junior,Alicio; Mingoti,Gisele Zoccal; Balieiro,Julio César Carvalho; Coelho,Lia Alencar.
Melatonin (MEL) acts as a powerful scavenger of free radicals and direct gonadal responses to melatonin have been reported in the literature. Few studies, however, have evaluated the effect of MEL during in vitro maturation (IVM) on bovine embryos. This study tested the addition of MEL to maturation medium (MM) with no gonadotropins on nuclear maturation and embryo development rates and the incidence of DNA damage in resulting embryos. Cumulus-oocyte complexes were aspirated from abattoir ovaries and cultured in MM (TCM-199 medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum - FCS) at 39ºC and 5% CO2 in air. After 24 hours of culture in MM with 0.5 µg mL-1 FSH and 5.0 µg mL-1 LH; 10-9 M MEL) or 10-9 M MEL, 0.5 µg mL-1 FSH and 5.0 µg mL-1 LH, the oocytes were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Comet assay; Embryos; Gonadotropins; In vitro fertilization; Melatonin.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162010000400003

Investigation of potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of cellular stability after the exposure of agricultural workers to pesticides
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: ALVES,JODEL S.; SILVA,FERNANDA R. DA; SILVA,GABRIELI F. DA; SALVADOR,MIRIAN; KVITKO,KÁTIA; ROHR,PAULA; SANTOS,CARLA E.I. DOS; DIAS,JOHNNY F.; HENRIQUES,JOÃO A.P.; SILVA,JULIANA DA.
ABSTRACT Agricultural workers involved in the harvest of tobacco crops are regularly exposed to large quantities of pesticides. In order to determine how this exposure to pesticides induces genetic alterations in these workers, blood samples were obtained from 77 exposed individuals, as well as from 60 unexposed subjects. DNA damage was analyzed by the Comet assay and by the micronucleus (MN) test. The antioxidant profile was evaluated by activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and the polymorphism of gene PON1 was used as a susceptibility biomarker. The content of inorganic elements in the blood samples was determined by PIXE analysis. Our results demonstrated that the damage frequency, damage index, the MN frequency, and the SOD activity were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Pesticides; Comet assay; Micronucleus test; Superoxide dismutase activity; PON1 gene.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652016000100349

High consumption of sucrose induces DNA damage in male Wistar rats
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: FRANKE,SILVIA I.R.; MOLZ,PATRÍCIA; MAI,CAMILA; ELLWANGER,JOEL H.; ZENKNER,FERNANDA F.; HORTA,JORGE A.; PRÁ,DANIEL.
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of the high consumption of sucrose on the levels of DNA damage in blood, hippocampus and bone marrow of rats. Male Wistar rats were treated for 4 months with sucrose (10% for 60 initial days and 34% for the following 60 days) in drinking water, and then, glycemia and glycated hemoglobin (A1C) were measured. Levels of DNA damage in blood and hippocampus were evaluated by the comet assay. The micronucleus test was used to evaluate chromosomal damages in the bone marrow. The sucrose treatment significantly increased (p&lt;0.01) the serum glucose levels (~20%) and A1C (~60%). The level of primary DNA damage was significantly increased (p&lt;0.05) in hippocampal cells (~60%) but not in peripheral...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Comet assay; Diabetes; DNA damage; Glycated hemoglobin; Micronucleus; Sucrose.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652017000602657

DNA damage in children and adolescents with cardiovascular disease risk factors
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: Kliemann,Mariele; Prá,Daniel; Müller,Luiza L.; Hermes,Liziane; Horta,Jorge A.; Reckziegel,Miriam B.; Burgos,Miria S.; Maluf,Sharbel W.; Franke,Silvia I.R.; Silva,Juliana da.
The risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) is related to lifestyle (e.g. diet, physical activity and smoking) as well as to genetic factors. This study aimed at evaluating the association between CVD risk factors and DNA damage levels in children and adolescents. Anthropometry, diet and serum CVD risk factors were evaluated by standard procedures. DNA damage levels were accessed by the comet assay (Single cell gel electrophoresis; SCGE) and cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus (CBMN) assays in leukocytes. A total of 34 children and adolescents selected from a population sample were divided into three groups according to their level of CVD risk. Moderate and high CVD risk subjects showed significantly higher body fat and serum CVD risk markers than low...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cardiovascular diseases; Micronucleus test; Comet assay; Diet; Anthropometry; Child; Adolescent.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652012000300025

Hibiscus acetosella extract protects against alkylating agent-induced DNA damage in mice
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: VILELA,THAIS C.; LEFFA,DANIELA D.; DAMIANI,ADRIANI P.; DAMAZIO,DAIANE DAL COL; MANENTI,ALINE V.; CARVALHO,TIAGO JOSÉ G.; RAMLOV,FERNANDA; AMARAL,PATRICIA A.; ANDRADE,VANESSA M. DE.
Abstract Hibiscus acetosella was shown to exert beneficial effects in humans and animal models however, the effects of this plant on DNA are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the antigenotoxic and antimutagenic effects of H. acetosella extracts on alkylating agent methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) in vivo in mice. Initially, we performed analysis of phenolic compounds in extracts of H. acetosella by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Next, mice were divided into 8 groups and treated with distilled water or plant extract (0.1 ml/10 g) by gavage for 15 days, followed by intraperitoneal (ip) administration of saline solution or MMS (40 mg/Kg b.w) on day 16. Caffeic acid, following by gallic acid, gallocatechin, coumaric acid, and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Hibiscus acetosella; Antigenotoxicity; Comet assay; Antimutagenicity; Micronucleus test.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652018000603165

Deoxyribonucleic acid damage and repair response in the chemotherapy of lung cancer: cross-sectional study
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: SCHNEIDER,MARCIA R.; SILVA,ANDRÉA L.G. DA; GOULART,CÁSSIA L.; SCHNEIDERS,PALOMA B.; WEBER,AUGUSTO F.; POSSUELO,LIA G.; VALIM,ANDREIA R.M.
Abstract: This study evaluated 24 patients with lung cancer (CA) and 23 individuals with no smoking history or cancer in the family and without respiratory disease in childhood (CO). Peripheral blood lymphocytes was used to perform alkaline comet assay and to assess DNA damage as well as to evaluate methyl methane sulfonate (MMS) DNA repair after one hour and three hours at 37 ºC. The percentage of residual damage (RD) after three hours of MMS treatment, for each patient was assessed. The majority of patients were in the CA group, male patients, former smokers, with a history of smoking for 15 years and without associated comorbidities. Alkaline and residual damages were higher in the CA group when compared to controls (alkaline damage P = 0.015 and RD P =...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Comet assay; DNA damage; DNA repair; Lung cancer.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652019000500806

Genotoxic effect of Physalis angulata L. (Solanaceae) extract on human lymphocytes treated in vitro
Provedor de dados: 47
Autores: Alves dos Santos,Raquel; Cabral,Teresinha Rosa; Cabral,Isabel Rosa; Greggi Antunes,Lusânia Maria; Pontes Andrade,Cristiane; Cerqueira dos Santos Cardoso,Plínio; de Oliveira Bahia,Marcelo; Pessoa,Claudia; Martins do Nascimento,José Luis; Rodríguez Burbano,Rommel; Satie Takahashi,Catarina.
Physalis angulata L (Solanaceae) is a medicinal plant from North of Brazil, whose different extracts and infusions are commonly used in the popular medicine for the treatment of malaria, asthma, hepatitis, dermatitis and rheumatism. However, the genotoxic effects of P. angulata on human cells is not well known. The main purpose of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro genotoxic effects of aqueous extract of P. angulata using the comet assay and the micronucleus assay in human lymphocytes provided from 6 healthy donors. Treatments with P. angulata extracts were performed in vitro in order to access the extent of DNA damage. The comet assay has shown that treatments with P. angulata at 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 6.0 &amp;#956;g/mL in culture medium were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: P. angulata; Micronuclei; Comet assay.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0327-95452008000200005

DNA damage and related modifier genes in Italian Cystic fibrosis patients
Provedor de dados: 48
Autores: STERPONE,SILVIA; CORNETTA,TOMMASO; ANGIONI,ADRIANO; FISCARELLI,ERSILIA; LUCIDI,VINCENZINA; TESTA,ANTONELLA; COZZI,RENATA.
Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive multisystemic disorder showing a highly heterogeneous phenotype, even among siblings carrying identical CFTR mutations. Moreover, oxidative stress is of central importance in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis. The present study seeks to value the presence of oxidative damage in CF patients and the possible modifier effect of repair and glutathione-S-transferase genes. We analysed the presence of DNA damage in leukocytes of 63 CF patients at an Italian CF centre and 63 controls, through the alkaline Comet assay to detect DNA strand breaks. Furthermore, controls and 93 CF subjects were genotyped for 5 genes by RFLP-PCR (XRCC1,0GG1,GSTP1) and PCR assay (GSTM1, GSTT1). No difference in Comet assay values was...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Comet assay; Cystic fibrosis; DNA damage; Genetic polymorphisms; Modifier genes.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602009000400009

Evaluation of Dietary Supplement Intake (Yeast Tablets) on Pregnant Albino Rats and Their Fetuses (Implications of Yeast Tablets on Rats &amp;amp; Fetuses)
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Omar,Amel Ramadan; El-Din,Eman Youssri Salah; Abdelrahman,Heba Ali; Mohamed,Hanan Ramadan.
ABSTRACT Histopathological studies in placenta, liver, kidney, apoptotic DNA damage and p53 mutation estimation of pregnant rats and their offspring exposed to dietary supplement yeast tablets, were carried out. Pregnant female albino rats were orally administrated yeast tablets at concentration 41.1 mg/kg during gestation period. Hematoxylin and eosin stained sections were used for examination. Neutral comet assay was performed to assess the apoptotic DNA damage and single strand conformational analysis was performed to screen the mutations inductions in p53 exons 7 and 8. Statistical analysis is applied to found the relation of apoptotic fraction in liver, kidney and placenta of pregnant rats and their offspring. Oral administration of yeast tablets to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Alteration; Comet assay; Single strand conformational analysis; Yeast tablets.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132018000100420

Assessment of the DNA Damage in Human Sperm and Lymphocytes Exposed to the Carcinogen Food Contaminant Furan with Comet Assay
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Pandir,Dilek.
ABSTRACTThe aim of this work was to assess the damage of DNA in human blood cell and spermin vitro under the influence of furan. These cells were administered 0-600 μM of furan at 37 and 32oC for 30 and 60 min, respectively. A significant increase in tail DNA%, tail length and moment indicating DNA damage was observed at increasing doses when compared to the controls. The treatment with 300 and 600 μM of furan showed a maximum increase of 86.74 ± 2.43 and 93.29 ± 8.68 compared to the control tail DNA% in lymphocytes. However, only 600 μM of furan showed a maximum increase of 94.71 ± 6.24 compared to the control tail DNA% in sperm. The results suggested that furan caused DNA damage in lymphocytes at increasing doses, but appeared to have not the same effect...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Furan; Tail length; DNA damage; Human blood cells; Comet assay.
Ano: 2015
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132015000500773

Evaluation of radioinduced damage and repair capacity in blood lymphocytes of breast cancer patients
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Nascimento,P.A.; da Silva,M.A.; Oliveira,E.M.; Suzuki,M.F.; Okazaki,K.
Genetic damage caused by ionizing radiation and repair capacity of blood lymphocytes from 3 breast cancer patients and 3 healthy donors were investigated using the comet assay. The comets were analyzed by two parameters: comet tail length and visual classification. Blood samples from the donors were irradiated in vitro with a 60Co source at a dose rate of 0.722 Gy/min, with a dose range of 0.2 to 4.0 Gy and analyzed immediately after the procedure and 3 and 24 h later. The basal level of damage and the radioinduced damage were higher in lymphocytes from breast cancer patients than in lymphocytes from healthy donors. The radioinduced damage showed that the two groups had a similar response when analyzed immediately after the irradiations. Therefore, while...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Comet assay; DNA damage; DNA repair; Ionizing radiation; Breast cancer; Blood lymphocytes.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2001000200003

DNA damage by ochratoxin A in rat kidney assessed by the alkaline comet assay
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Zeljezic,D.; Domijan,A.-M.; Peraica,M.
There are few studies of ochratoxin A (OTA) genotoxicity in experimental animals and the results obtained with cell cultures are inconsistent, although the carcinogenic potential of OTA for the kidney of experimental animals has been well established. We studied the genotoxic potential of OTA in the kidney of adult female Wistar rats (5 in each group) treated intraperitoneally with OTA (0.5 mg kg body weight-1 day-1 for 7, 14, and 21 days) measuring DNA mobility on agarose gel stained with ethidium-bromide using standard alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). Negative control animals were treated with solvent (Tris buffer, 1.0 mg/kg) and positive control animals were treated with methyl methanesulfonate (40 mg/kg) according to the same...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Comet assay; DNA adducts; Experimental animals; Mycotoxin.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2006001200006

Effects of melatonin on DNA damage induced by cyclophosphamide in rats
Provedor de dados: 56
Autores: Ferreira,S.G.; Peliciari-Garcia,R.A.; Takahashi-Hyodo,S.A.; Rodrigues,A.C.; Amaral,F.G.; Berra,C.M.; Bordin,S.; Curi,R.; Cipolla-Neto,J.
The antioxidant and free radical scavenger properties of melatonin have been well described in the literature. In this study, our objective was to determine the protective effect of the pineal gland hormone against the DNA damage induced by cyclophosphamide (CP), an anti-tumor agent that is widely applied in clinical practice. DNA damage was induced in rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of CP (20 or 50 mg/kg). Animals received melatonin during the dark period for 15 days (1 mg/kg in the drinking water). Rat bone marrow cells were used for the determination of chromosomal aberrations and of formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase enzyme (Fpg)-sensitive sites by the comet technique and ofXpf mRNA expression by qRT-PCR. The number (mean ± SE) of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Melatonin; Cyclophosphamide; Chromosomal aberration; DNA fragmentation; Comet assay; Xpf expression.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2013000300278

In vivo and in vitro genotoxicity studies of aqueous extract of Xanthium spinosum
Provedor de dados: 60
Autores: Güez,Camila Martins; Waczuk,Emily Pansera; Pereira,Karina Braccini; Querol,Marcus Vinícius Morini; Rocha,João Batista Teixeira da; Oliveira,Luís Flávio Souza de.
The use of plants as a source of palliative or cure for pathological conditions is quite common worldwide. Xanthium spinosum (Asteraceae), popularly known in Brazil as 'espinho de carneiro', is an annual weed from South America, which has been used by empiric medicine to treat neoplasias. Owing to the extensive use of the above-mentioned plant and to the lack of reports about the real effects of its infusion, current study evaluated the genotoxic potential of its aqueous extract at concentrations 0.02 g L-1, 0.1 g L-1 and 0.2 g L-1 by fish micronucleus test and by comet human leukocytes assay. The micronucleus test featured at least 50 cells with micronuclei to every 2,000 cells scored, as a mutagenic parameter. The comet assay was used as a parameter for...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Xanthium spinosum/pharmacognosy; Xanthium spinosum/aqueous extract; Xanthium spinosum/genotoxicity; Fish micronucleus assay; Comet assay.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502012000300013

Preliminary in vitro assessment of the potential toxicity and antioxidant activity of Ceiba speciosa (A. St.-Hill) Ravenna (Paineira)
Provedor de dados: 60
Autores: Malheiros,Camila Krüger Cardoso; Silva,Joyce Sayonara Barbosa; Hofmann,Tânia Cristiane; Messina,Thiane Martins; Manfredini,Vanusa; Piccoli,Jacqueline da Costa Escobar; Faoro,Débora; Oliveira,Luís Flávio Souza; Machado,Michel Mansur; Farias,Fabiane Moreira.
ABSTRACT The bark tea of Ceiba speciosa, a tropical tree of the Malvaceae family, is used in the Northwestern Region of Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, to reduce blood cholesterol levels. However, there are no scientific data on the efficacy and safety of this plant. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and toxic potential of bark extracts of C. speciosa. We performed a preliminary phytochemical analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) and evaluated the oxidative damage to proteins and lipids, the radical scavenging effect, and genotoxicity of the lyophilized aqueous extract (LAECs) and the precipitate obtained from the raw ethanol extract (Cs1). The phytochemical proﬁle...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Ceiba speciose/phytochemistry; Ceiba speciose/antioxidant activity; Phenolic content; Comet assay; DPPH scavenging capacity; Natural medicine; Safety.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-82502017000200616