Consulta: subjectFacets:"Cost function"
Registros recuperados: 12
Data/hora: 13/06/2024 10:00:49

Input Quality in the Sugar Beet Industry
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boland,   Michael A.; Marsh,   Thomas L.
Using 23 years of data (1978-2000), this study examines seven vertically integrated sugar beet plants representing three different companies in the United States. The objective of this research is to identify the marginal costs of producing sugar beets for vertically integrated sugar beet processors as a way of determining the cost savings from higher quality sugar beets. In doing so, we account for quality differences in the sugar beet input that are used to manufacture the refined sugar output. The results quantify links between high quality sugar beets and lower processing costs.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Cost function; Product differentiation; Production economics; Sugar; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7316

Discussão dos retornos à escala nos contextos das funções de produção e de custo
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alves,   Eliseu Roberto de Andrade.
The article deals with the cost function at a mathematical level that only requires knowledge of differentials, but except for that, it keeps rigor at a high level. It only states theorems that require long proofs. The article justifies the existence of the cost function, points out its properties, and shows how it relates with the production function in the sense that one is the dual to the other. The article discusses partial and scale elasticities, both in the context of production and cost functions. Whenever profit is maximized, one is the reciprocal of the other. The cost function has not a defined form in the sense that it can be deduced from the axioms of production theory. But the articles points out the plausibility of the form that resembles an...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Cost function; Production function; Return to scale; Average cost; Profit; Production Economics.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54595

Calculo del valor de la cuota lactea en las explotaciones de leche gallegas
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Dominguez,   Jose Carlos De Miguel; Vidal,   Tomas Perez; Gonzalez,   Xose Anton Rodriguez.
RESUMEN: El nivel de cuota láctea por explotación y la transferencia de cuota entre las distintas explotaciones juegan un papel principal en la reestructuración del sector productor de leche en España. En este trabajo se estiman el valor de una unidad de cuota, de su valor de capitalización en el horizonte del año 2006 y la concreción de algunos determinantes de dicho valor. El estudio se realiza utilizando los datos de 32 explotaciones de leche gallegas para el periodo 1990-1999, y como resultado del mismo se deducen conclusiones de interés en cuanto al funcionamiento del mercado de la cuota y a la política de gestión de las mismas. PALABRAS CLAVE: Producción de leche, función de costes, valor de la cuota  SUMMARY: The level of milk quota for farm and the...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Milk production; Cost function; Quota value.; Demand and Price Analysis; Q12; Q18.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/28750

Multi-input Multi-output Farm-level Cost Function: A Comparison of Least Squares and Entropy Estimators
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Polome,   Philippe; Fernagut,   Bruno; Harmignie,   Olivier; Frahan,   Bruno Henry de.
We introduce a modification of the quadratic-Leontieff multi-output cost function that is particularly suitable for the data of the Farm Accountancy Data Network. We present least squares and entropy estimates of that function and compare their results for a sample of crop farms. Our results are encouraging for the use of entropy estimators in cases in which farms are not assumed to share the same technology. Our approach can be seen as an extension of the Positive Mathematical Programming approach (Howitt, 1995). The extension consists in an explicit specification of inputs in the cost function and in the possibility of modeling several farms simultaneously.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Cost function; Least squares estimator; Entropy estimator; Heterogeneity; Farm Management; C3; D61; Q12.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/24727

THE MULTI-PRODUCT ASYMPTOTICALLY IDEAL MODEL: AN APPLICATION TO AGRICULTURE
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lusk,   Jayson L.; Featherstone,   Allen M.
This paper examines the Multi-Product Asymptotically Ideal Production Model as an alternative to the translog and normalized quadratic functional forms using farm level data.  Factors such as ease of estimation, imposition of regularity conditions, and quantitative differences in empirical estimates are compared.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: AIM; Asymptotically Ideal Model; Flexible functional form; Cost function; Production Economics; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/21503

Bayesian Inferences on Fourier Flexible Functional Form in Agricultural Production
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Featherstone,   Allen M.; Cader,   Hanas A.
Flexible functional forms are used to examine the characteristics of production technologies.  The Fourier functional form is capable of approximating any function globally, with the specified expansion. Unfortunately the exact form of the expansion is not known. The regularity conditions are likely to be violated without the exact form of expansion. In this paper we use a Bayesian approach to impose regularity conditions locally on a Fourier flexible functional from using agricultural production data.  Monotonicity, concavity, convexity and elasticities are compared.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cost function; Flexible functional form; Fourier series; Markov Chain Monte Carlo; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19228

An Estimation of the Efficient Size of Sugarcane Enterprises for Farmers in Trinidad
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Palmer,   Donald W.; Pemberton,   Carlisle A.
This research paper provides an estimation of the efficient size of operation for sugarcane farmers in Trinidad.  The estimates were based on a sample of two hundred and twenty-seven farmers selected from a cost of sugarcane production survey. To identify the efficient size of operation the ordinary least square estimation technique was used.  The identification of the efficient size of operation allowed a test of the hypothesis that the minimum point on the long run average cost curve was significantly greater than the  average enterprise size of six acres.  The long run total cost curve was estimated and the cubic functional form provided the best fit based on both the adjusted R2 and the result from the Wald test.  The results of the estimation process...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Cost function; Cost elasticity; Efficient size; Sugar-cane; Trinidad; Agribusiness; Farm Management; Research Methods/ Statistical Methods.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/36807

Numerical Estimation of Agricultural Supply Functions - A Micro Economic Approach based on Mathematical Programming
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rasmussen,   Svend; Damgaard,   Martin.
This paper describes a cost function approach to modelling production and resource use at the level of the individual farm firm. The procedure for deriving the supply function using mathematical programming under fairly general condition of a convex input set is shown, and the model is demonstrated. It is suggested that the model is used as the basic building block in agricultural sector models, the advantage being that the technology is modelled as a production frontier providing better opportunities for modelling input and output substitution.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Cost function; Linear programming; Economies of scale; Agricultural sector models; Production frontier; Farm Management.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44181

Impact of local public goods on agricultural productivity growth in the U.S.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sun,   Ling; Ball,   V. Eldon; Fulginiti,   Lilyan E.; Plastina,   Alejandro S.
In this paper we revisit the issue on the impact of public R&amp;D expenditure on US agricultural productivity growth. We estimate a dual cost function using a state-by-year panel data set. We construct the potential R&amp;D “spillins” based on both geographical location and production mix. We also examine the role of the extension service, transportation network, and human capital in the process of technology dissemination. The results indicate that higher levels of local public goods, R&amp;D spillins, extension activities, and an intensive transportation network decrease costs. The contributions to agricultural productivity from all series of R&amp;D spillins are positive even though the social rate of return may differ.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Productivity; Public R&amp;D expenditure; Cost function; Extension services; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; O3; O4.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49333

Production Risk and the Estimation of Ex Ante Cost Functions
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Moschini,   GianCarlo.
Cost function estimation under production uncertainty is problematic because the relevant cost is conditional on unobservable expected output. If input demand functions are also stochastic, then a nonlinear errors-in-variables model is obtained and standard estimation procedures typically fail to attain consistency. But by exploiting the full implications of the expected profit maximization hypothesis that gives rise to ex ante cost functions, it is shown that the errors-in-variables problem can be effectively removed, and consistent estimation of the parameters of interest can be achieved. A Monte Carlo experiment illustrates the advantages of the proposed procedure as well as the pitfalls of other existing estimators.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Cost function; Duality; Expected profit maximization; Nonlinear errors-invariables; Stochastic production; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2001
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/18443

Yield and Area Elasticities. A Cost Function Approach with Uncertainty
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rosas,   Francisco; Hayes,   Dermot J.
This paper develops a method to jointly estimate crop yield elasticities and area elasticities with respect to output prices based on a theoretically consistent model. The model uses a duality theory approach for the multi-output and multi-input firm, and introduces uncertainty in the level of target output which conditions the cost minimization problem, in the output prices and in the conditional input demand functions. The underlying production technology is conditioned on fixed inputs, both allocatable and non-allocatable. Up to our knowledge, there have been no theoretical developments of this type of models for multioutput technologies. Our approach is also novel because no previous model of this type has introduced the effects of allocatable fixed...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Yield elasticities; Area elasticities; Duality theory; Cost function; Uncertainty; Production Economics.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61345

School Food Service Costs: Does Location Matter?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ollinger,   Michael; Ralston,   Katherine L.; Guthrie,   Joanne F.
Over 30 million lunches and 9.8 million breakfasts are served every day to children in participating American schools through the USDA National School Lunch and School Breakfast Programs.  It is challenging for participating local school food authorities (SFAs) to serve appealing, healthful meals while covering food, labor, and other operating costs with USDA reimbursements.  But it may be more difficult for some SFAs than others due to cost differences across locations.  Analysis of data from a large national sample reveals that after controlling for differences in SFA characteristics, sharp differences in costs remained among rural, urban, and suburban SFAs and across regions.  The highest costs occurred in Mid-Atlantic, suburban SFAs and the lowest cost...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: School meal costs; Cost function; SFA; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/60690