Consulta: subjectFacets:"Drought"
Registros recuperados: 147
Data/hora: 05/06/2024 17:11:54

Rendimiento de semilla y sus componentes en frijol bajo condiciones de acidez y sequía terminal en el sur de Veracruz.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Morales Rivera, Aurelio.
Se estudió la variabilidad en rendimiento de semilla y sus componentes, y producción de biomasa aérea en un grupo de variedades de frijol de color negro, nativas del sur de Veracruz y un grupo del tipo “Flor de Mayo”, introducidas del Altiplano, y la región central de México, en condiciones de acidez edáfica y sequía terminal en el Municipio de Juan Rodríguez Clara, Veracruz, en el ciclo otoño-invierno 2012-13. Se incluyeron ocho variedades comerciales liberadas por el INIFAP, un criollo de Michoacán, México, tres variedades criollas con testa de color negro y Negro Michigan. Se utilizó un diseño de bloques completos al azar con cuatro repeticiones; la unidad experimental consistió de cinco surcos de 5 m de longitud y 0.8 m de ancho. Se aplicó una dosis de...
Palavras-chave: Phaseolus vulgaris L.; Acidez; Sequía; Rendimiento de semilla; Soil acidity; Drought; Seed yield; Genética; Maestría.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/2225

Rendimiento y contenido de prolina en maíz mejorado por selección masal para resistencia a sequía.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Acevedo Cortés, María de los Angeles.
El presente trabajo se realizó con el objetivo de estimar el avance genético promedio del rendimiento por ciclo de selección, de diferentes compuestos de selección masal visual estratificada (SMVE) practicada para resistencia a sequía en dos variedades de maíz (Zea mays L.), donde el rendimiento de grano fue el criterio de selección. También se tuvo como objetivos estimar el avance genético indirecto promedio del contenido de prolina (P) en las plantas de los diferentes ciclos de SMVE, y conocer si existe relación alguna entre el rendimiento y P, esto para poder determinar si el P en la planta puede recomendarse como un criterio de selección para resistencia a sequía en maíz. Para evaluar el rendimiento en campo, se usaron los siguientes materiales...
Palavras-chave: Zea mays; Selección masal visual estratificada (SMVE); Sequía; Rendimiento; Respuesta a la selección; Prolina; Drought; Proline; Response to selection; Stratified visual mass selection (SVMS); Yield; Genética; Maestría.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/748

Crecimiento y estructura de la raíz en plantas de Pinus pinceana sometidas a dos condiciones de humedad del suelo.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Córdoba Rodríguez, Diana.
Pinus pinceana Gordon es un pino piñonero endémico que crece en poblaciones aisladas en condiciones semiáridas, en el noreste y centro-oriente de México. Con el propósito de identificar características de la raíz asociadas a mecanismos de adaptación ante condiciones de estrés hídrico, se evaluó el crecimiento y estructura de la raíz en plantas de seis poblaciones de la especie en dos condiciones de humedad del suelo. El estudio se realizó en plantas de tres años de edad y recién germinadas manteniendo la humedad del suelo cercana a capacidad de campo (S0) o por debajo de 20 % de humedad aprovechable (S1). Se determinó que en las plantas de tres años de edad, el estrés hídrico redujo en 27 % el número de raíces principales, en 51 % la biomasa de la raíz...
Palavras-chave: Pinus pinceana; Crecimiento de raíz; Distribución de biomasa; Estrés hídrico; Relación parte aérea/raíz; Sequía; Biomass allocation; Drought; Root growth; Shoot/root ratio; Water stress; Maestría; Forestal.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/225

Crecimiento y estructura de la raíz en plantas de Pinus pinceana sometidas a dos condiciones de humedad del suelo.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Córdoba Rodríguez, Diana.
Pinus pinceana Gordon es un pino piñonero endémico que crece en poblaciones aisladas en condiciones semiáridas, en el noreste y centro-oriente de México. Con el propósito de identificar características de la raíz asociadas a mecanismos de adaptación ante condiciones de estrés hídrico, se evaluó el crecimiento y estructura de la raíz en plantas de seis poblaciones de la especie en dos condiciones de humedad del suelo. El estudio se realizó en plantas de tres años de edad y recién germinadas manteniendo la humedad del suelo cercana a capacidad de campo (S0) o por debajo de 20 % de humedad aprovechable (S1). Se determinó que en las plantas de tres años de edad, el estrés hídrico redujo en 27 % el número de raíces principales, en 51 % la biomasa de la raíz...
Palavras-chave: Pinus pinceana; Crecimiento de raíz; Distribución de biomasa; Estrés hídrico; Relación parte aérea/raíz; Sequía; Biomass allocation; Drought; Root growth; Shoot/root ratio; Water stress; Maestría; Forestal.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/225

Plántulas de chabacano (Prunus armeniaca L.) y su respuesta fisiológica a ciclos de riego-sequía.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: Arellano Ojeda, Carlos.
Con el objetivo de identificar la sensibilidad de variables fisiológicas y de crecimiento en plántulas de P. armeniaca, se realizó un experimento bajo cubierta durante el periodo abril-julio del 2013 en Montecillo, Texcoco, Estado de México. Se utilizaron plántulas de siete meses de edad obtenidas a partir de colectas realizadas en la localidad de San Juan Tetla, San Lorenzo Chiautzingo, Puebla. Se estableció un diseño experimental completamente al azar con dos tratamientos y 15 repeticiones, el primero consistió en la aplicación de ciclos repetidos de riego-sequía y el segundo, en la aplicación de riegos frecuentes manteniendo el suelo con valores cercanos a la capacidad de campo (tratamiento testigo). Cada tratamiento se conformó de 75 individuos...
Palavras-chave: Chabacano; Sequía; Humedad en suelo; Apricot; Drought; Soil moisture; Fruticultura; Maestría.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/2373

Respuestas fisiológica y molecular de plantas de arroz crecidas bajo estrés osmótico.
Provedor de dados: 32
Autores: García Morales, Soledad.
Las plantas están expuestas a diversos tipos de estrés abiótico incluyendo sequía y salinidad, los cuales constituyen los principales factores que limitan la productividad de los cultivos en el mundo. Para responder al estrés, las plantas han desarrollado una serie de mecanismos fisiológicos, bioquímicos y moleculares. Entre estos últimos, los factores de transcripción juegan un papel preponderante en la regulación de la expresión de genes, y su identificación y caracterización es esencial para la regulación transcripcional y conferir tolerancia al estrés. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las respuestas fisiológicas de cuatro cultivares mexicanos de arroz al estrés osmótico dado por deshidratación y salinidad, así como las respuestas moleculares de...
Palavras-chave: Sequía; Deshidratación; Salinidad; RT-PCR en tiempo real; Regulación transcripcional; Drought; Dehydration; Salinity; Transcriptional regulation; Real time RT-PCR; Edafología; Doctorado; Oryza sativa.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/680

Socioeconomics, Policy, or Climate Change: What is Driving Vulnerability in Southern Portugal?
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Moors, Eddy J.; ALTERRA; eddy.moors@wur.nl; Fraser, Evan D. G.; Department of Geography, University of Guelph; University of Leeds ; frasere@uoguelph.ca.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Drought; Portugal; System dynamics modeling; Vulnerability.
Ano: 2011

Developing Adaptive Capacity to Droughts: the Rationality of Locality
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Welsh, Lisa W.; Department of Environment and Society, Utah State University; lisa03@gmail.com; Endter-Wada, Joanna; Department of Environment and Society, Utah State University; Ecology Center, Utah State University; Department of Watershed Sciences, Utah State University; joanna.endter-wada@usu.edu; Downard, Rebekah; Ecology Center, Utah State University; Department of Watershed Sciences, Utah State University; rdownard8@gmail.com; Kettenring, Karin M.; Ecology Center, Utah State University; Department of Watershed Sciences, Utah State University; karin.kettenring@usu.edu.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Adaptive capacity; Drought; Social-ecological systems (SES); Vulnerability; Water resources management; Wetlands.
Ano: 2013

Practices and Lessons Learned in Coping with Climatic Hazards at the River-Basin Scale: Floods and Droughts
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Krysanova, Valentina; Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research; krysanova@pik-potsdam.de; Buiteveld, Hendrik; Center for Water Management; h.buiteveld@riza.rws.minvenw.nl; Haase, Dagmar; UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research; dagmar.haase@ufz.de; Hattermann, Fred F; Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research; hattermann@pik-potsdam.de; van Niekerk, Kate; Institute of Natural Resources; VanNiekerk@ukzn.ac.za; Roest, Koen; Alterra - Wageningen University and Research Centre; Koen.Roest@wur.nl.
Climatic hazards such as floods and droughts have always been a primary matter of concern for human populations. Severe floods damage settlements, transport networks, and arable land. Although devastating droughts are harmful primarily for agriculture and terrestrial ecosystems, they can also lead to local water supply shortages. Despite significant achievements in science and technology and success stories in environmental management in the 20th century, people still continue to suffer the consequences of climate hazards worldwide. This paper provides an overview of existing practices for coping with floods and droughts, compares strategies in different river basins, and outlines the areas that need improvement. First, the existing protection measures and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Amudarya; Climate change; Climatic hazards; Coping strategy; Drought; Elbe; Flood; Guadiana; Nile; Orange; Rhine; Tisza; Water resources management.
Ano: 2008

Collapse of a historic oyster fishery: diagnosing causes and identifying paths toward increased resilience
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Camp, Edward V.; Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Program, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida; edvcamp@ufl.edu; Pine III, William E.; Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida; billpine@ufl.edu; Havens, Karl; Florida Sea Grant College Program and School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida; khavens@ufl.edu; Kane, Andrew S.; Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida; Aquatic Pathobiology Laboratories, Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida; Center for Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Florida; kane@ufl.edu; Walters, Carl J.; Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia; c.walters@fisheries.ubc.ca; Irani, Tracy; Family, Youth and Community Sciences Department, University of Florida; Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida; irani@ufl.edu; Lindsey, Angela B; Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida; Family, Youth and Community Sciences Department and Center of Public Issues Education, University of Florida; ablindsey@ufl.edu; Morris, Jr., J. Glenn; Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida; College of Medicine, University of Florida; JGMorris@epi.ufl.edu.
Diagnosing causal factors of change at the ecosystem level is challenging because multiple drivers often interact at various spatial and temporal scales. We employ an integrated natural and social science approach to assess potential mechanisms leading to the collapse of an estuarine social-ecological system, and recommend future paths to increased system resilience. Our case study is the collapse of the eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) fishery in Apalachicola Bay, Florida, USA, and the associated impacts on local resource dependent communities. The oyster fishery collapse is the most recent in a series of environmental stressors to this region, which have included hurricanes and tropical storms, drought, and the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. We found...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Insight
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Community resilience; Drought; Estuaries; Oyster fishery.
Ano: 2015

Indigenous Past Climate Knowledge as Cultural Built-in Object and Its Accuracy
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Leclerc, Christian; CIRAD, UMR AGAP, Montpellier, France; christian.leclerc@cirad.fr; Mwongera, Caroline ; Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France; carolmwongera@yahoo.com.
In studying indigenous climate knowledge, two approaches can be envisioned. In the first, traditional knowledge is a cultural built-in object; conceived as a whole, its relevance can be assessed by referring to other cultural, economic, or technical components at work within an indigenous society. In the second, the accuracy of indigenous climate knowledge is assessed with western science knowledge used as an external reference. However, assessing the accuracy of indigenous climate knowledge remains a largely untapped area. We aim to show how accurate the culturally built indigenous climate knowledge of extreme climatic events is, and how amenable it is to fuzzy logic. A retrospective survey was carried out individually and randomly among 195 Eastern...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Drought; Ecological anthropology; Fuzzy logic; Kenya; Meru; Traditional ecological knowledge.
Ano: 2013

Diversity, flexibility, and the resilience effect: lessons from a social-ecological case study of diversified farming in the northern Great Plains, USA
Provedor de dados: 7
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Diversified farming system; Diversity; Drought; Resilience; Northern Great Plains  USA; Scale; Slow variables; Social-ecological systems; Sustainable agriculture; Values-based supply chain.
Ano: 2014

Application of Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping in Livelihood Vulnerability Analysis
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Murungweni, Chrispen; Wageningen University; Grasslands Research Institute, Zimbabwe; Chrispen.Murungweni@wur.nl; van Wijk, Mark T.; Wageningen University; mark.vanwijk@wur.nl; Andersson, Jens A.; Wageningen University; University of Zimbabwe; jens.andersson@wur.nl; Smaling, Eric M. A.; University of Twente; smaling@itc.nl; Giller, Ken E.; Wageningen University; ken.giller@wur.nl.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Drought; Fuzzy cognitive mapping; Great Limpopo Transfrontier Conservation Area; Livelihood; Southeastern Zimbabwe; Vulnerability.
Ano: 2011

Dynamics of Forage Production in Pasture-woodlands of the Swiss Jura Mountains under Projected Climate Change Scenarios
Provedor de dados: 7
Silvopastoral systems of the Swiss Jura Mountains serve as a traditional source of forage and timber in the subalpine vegetation belt, but their vulnerability to land use and climate change puts their future sustainability at stake. We coupled experimental and modeling approaches to assess the impact of climate change on the pasture-woodland landscape. We drew conclusions on the resistance potential of wooded pastures with different management intensities by sampling along a canopy cover gradient. This gradient spanned from unwooded pastures associated with intensive farming to densely wooded pastures associated with extensive farming. Transplanted mesocosms of these ecosystems placed at warmer and drier conditions provided experimental evidence that...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Aboveground biomass; Drought; Ecotone; Grassland; Pasture; Silvopastoral system; Subalpine; Transplantation; Woodland.
Ano: 2013

Impacts of the 2010 Droughts and Floods on Community Welfare in Rural Thailand: Differential Effects of Village Educational Attainment
Provedor de dados: 7
Climatic events can have disastrous consequences on rural livelihoods, which rely mainly on agriculture and natural resources. The way households and communities respond to climatic shocks depends on their available resources. We formulated that education is a human capital asset that can increase coping abilities in difficult times because education improves access to both social and economic resources. Based on the Thai government surveys of the living conditions and life quality of 68,343 rural villages for the years 2009 and 2011, we investigated the impacts of floods and droughts in 2010 on community welfare, i.e., consumption and income in 2011 at the village level. Using difference-in-difference methods, we analyzed how differential demographic...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Consumption and income smoothing; Drought; Economic vulnerability; Education; Flood; Thailand; Welfare.
Ano: 2013

Long-term community responses to droughts in the early modern period: the case study of Terrassa, Spain
Provedor de dados: 7
New challenges posed by global environmental change have motivated scholars to pay growing attention to historical long-term strategies to deal with climate extremes. We aim to understand long-term trends in community responses to cope with droughts, to explain how many preindustrial societies coevolved with local hydro-climatic dynamics and coped with climate extremes over time. The specific goals of this work are: (1) to analyze how local communities experienced droughts over long periods of time and (2) to document the spectrum of recorded community responses to drought. Our research covers over one century (1605-1710) of responses to drought in the community of Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain. Data were collected through archival research. We reviewed and...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptation; Drought; Early modern period; Environmental history.
Ano: 2016

Assessing Vulnerability to Climate Change in Dryland Livelihood Systems: Conceptual Challenges and Interdisciplinary Solutions
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Fraser, Evan D. G.; Department of Geography, University of Guelph; University of Leeds; frasere@uoguelph.ca; Dougill, Andrew J; School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds; a.j.dougill@leeds.ac.uk; Hubacek, Klaus; School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds; hubacek@env.leeds.ac.uk; Quinn, Claire H.; School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds; C.H.Quinn@leeds.ac.uk; Sendzimir, Jan; International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA); sendzim@iiasa.ac.at; Termansen, Mette; School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds; mette@env.leeds.ac.uk.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports
Palavras-chave: Adaptability; Climate change; Drought; Food security; Livelihoods; Vulnerability.
Ano: 2011

Assessing the resilience of a real-world social-ecological system: lessons from a multidisciplinary evaluation of a South African pastoral system
Provedor de dados: 7
Autores: Kuhn, Arnim; Institute for Food and Resource Economics, University of Bonn; arnim.kuhn@ilr.uni-bonn.de; Naumann, Christiane; Department of Cultural and Social Anthropology, University of Cologne; christiane.naumann@uni-koeln.de; Rasch, Sebastian; Institute for Food and Resource Economics, University of Bonn; sebastian.rasch@ilr.uni-bonn.de; Sandhage-Hofmann, Alexandra; Soil Science and Soil Ecology Group, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn; sandhage@uni-bonn.de; Amelung, Wulf; Soil Science and Soil Ecology Group, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn; wulf.amelung@uni-bonn.de; Jordaan, Jorrie; Department of Plant Production, Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, University of Limpopo; jorrie.jj@gmail.com; Du Preez, Chris C.; Department of Soil, Crop and Climate Sciences, University of the Free State; dpreezcc@ufs.ac.za; Bollig, Michael; Department of Cultural and Social Anthropology, University of Cologne; M.Bollig@verw.uni-koeln.de.
In the past decades, social-ecological systems (SESs) worldwide have undergone dramatic transformations with often detrimental consequences for livelihoods. Although resilience thinking offers promising conceptual frameworks to understand SES transformations, empirical resilience assessments of real-world SESs are still rare because SES complexity requires integrating knowledge, theories, and approaches from different disciplines. Taking up this challenge, we empirically assess the resilience of a South African pastoral SES to drought using various methods from natural and social sciences. In the ecological subsystem, we analyze rangelands&amp;#8217; ability to buffer drought effects on forage provision, using soil and vegetation indicators. In the social...
Tipo: NON-REFEREED
Palavras-chave: Drought; Empirical resilience assessment; Globalization; Institutions; Monetary resources; Pastoralism; Rangelands; Social-ecological system.
Ano: 2016

Development and application of qRT-PCR for sugar beet gene expression analysis in response to in vitro induced water deficit
Provedor de dados: 69
Autores: Taski-Ajdukovic,Ksenija; Nagl,Nevena; Kovacev,Lazar; Curcic,Zivko; Danojevic,Dario.
Sugar beet is a significant industrial crop, often grown in the areas where summer drought can severely limit root yield and sugar content. In order to improve development of sugar beet cultivars with increased drought tolerance it is necessary to understand plant response to water stress at the genomic level. Since recent research efforts have focused on the molecular response of the plant in order to identify water deficit inducible genes, the aim of this investigation was to develop qRT-PCR methodology for the quantification of gene expression in sugar beet under conditions of water deficiency in vitro. Sugar beet genotypes, selected for different response to water deficit, were grown and multiplied in vitro. Axilary shoots were placed on...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Beta vulgaris; Drought; In vitro; Real-time PCR.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582012000600010

The changes of organelle ultrastructure and Ca2+ homeostasis in maize mesophyll cells during the process of drought-induced leaf senescence
Provedor de dados: 69
Autores: Ma,Yuan-Yuan; Guo,Xiu-Lin; Liu,Bin-Hui; Liu,Zi-Hui; Shao,Hong-Bo.
The changes of cell ultra structure as well as Ca2+ homeostasis involved in the drought-induced maize leaf senescence was investigated. Meanwhile, many indicatives of leaf senescence including thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (MDA), electrolyte leakage (EL), and chlorophyll along with soluble proteins were also detected during the process. The Polyethylene glycol6000(PEG6000)-incubated detached leaves showed a slight increase in the MDA content and electrolyte leakage during the first 30 min of our detection, which was corresponded to an unobvious alteration of the cell ultrastructure. Other typical senescence parameters measured in whole leaf exhibited a moderate elevation as well. Thereafter, however, the EL and MDA rose to a large extent, which...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Ca2+ homeostasis; Drought; Leaf senescence; Maize; Organelle ultrastructure; Signal transduction.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582011000300004

FUZZY MODELING OF THE EFFECTS OF IRRIGATION AND WATER SALINITY IN HARVEST POINT OF TOMATO CROP. PART I: DESCRIPTION OF THE METHOD
Provedor de dados: 70
Autores: Viais Neto,Daniel dos S.; Cremasco,Camila P.; Bordin,Deyver; Putti,Fernando F.; Silva Junior,Josué F.; Gabriel Filho,Luís R. A.
ABSTRACT It was used statistical techniques for the evaluation of agricultural experiments, but there are mathematical theories that allow finer adjustments, highlighting among them, the fuzzy logic. The objective of the study was characterizing a method of fuzzy modeling from an agronomic experiment. For this study it was used data from an experiment conducted at the School of Agriculture of São Paulo State University (UNESP) in Botucatu-SP. The system input variables based in fuzzy rules were soil water tension and doses of water salinity, being defined three fuzzy sets. The output variables was elected from the biometric and productivity analysis that showed statistically significant differences, namely, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, green...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Fuzzy logic; Drought; Salt stress; Crop management.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162019000300294

FUZZY MODELING OF THE EFFECTS OF IRRIGATION AND WATER SALINITY IN HARVEST POINT OF TOMATO CROP. PART II: APPLICATION AND INTERPRETATION
Provedor de dados: 70
Autores: Viais Neto,Daniel dos S.; Cremasco,Camila P.; Bordin,Deyver; Putti,Fernando F.; Silva Junior,Josué F.; Gabriel Filho,Luís R. A.
ABSTRACT Tomato, the most popular greenery, is characterized by being a demanding crop in water and when in prolonged and severe drought, has limitations in its growth and reduction in productivity. In addition, this vegetable is affected by excess salinity in the water, which causes leaf wilting, apex and leaf edges burn until their death. Such effects generally are studied using statistical analysis, but there are mathematical theories that allow finer adjustments, highlighting among them, the fuzzy logic. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects on the growth and yield of hybrid tomato from different water tensions in the soil and different salinity doses in the irrigation at 120 days after sowing using fuzzy modeling. It was used data...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Fuzzy logic; Hydro potential; Drought; Salt stress.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-69162019000300305

Drought and leaf damage limit the search for support in the climbing plant Ipomoea purpurea (L.) Roth (Convolvulaceae)
Provedor de dados: 73
Autores: ATALA,CRISTIAN; CORDERO,CRISTIAN; GIANOLI,ERNESTO.
There is evidence that some climbing plants increase their twining rate after leaf damage, thus avoiding ground herbivores, and that drought limits this induced response. However, it is unknown whether leaf damage and drought affect the search for support, an ecologically relevant process for climbing plants. We evaluated the combined effect of drought and leaf damage on support searching in the twining vine Ipomoeapupurea (Convolvulaceae). Plants were assigned to a combination of three watering treatments (regular watering, moderate drought, and severe drought) and two damage treatments (control and 50% defoliation). We placed a stake at 15 cm from the stem and recorded the time to successful twining (360° turn). We also measured some plant functional...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Support searching; Drought; Leaf damage; Ipomoea purpurea.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-66432011000200011

DROUGHT LIMITS INDUCED TWINING BY LEAF DAMAGE IN THE CLIMBING PLANT IPOMOEA PURPUREA (L.) ROTH (CONVOLVULACEAE)
Provedor de dados: 73
Autores: Atala,Cristian; Gianoli,Ernesto.
The environment may limit the expression of induced responses to herbivory, such as increased chemical or physical defenses. Recent studies in climbing plants have shown that leaf damage induces twining. This response may confer protection against ground herbivores in the field. We addressed the effect of drought on the induced twining of the annual vine Ipomoea purpurea (Convolvulaceae), which can experience drought stress in natural conditions. In a greenhouse experiment, we recorded twining rate (proportion of plants successfully climbing at a given time) of damaged and undamaged individuals of I. purpurea subjected to control watering and water shortage treatments. We also estimated stem growth rate and stem water content in experimental plants, just...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Induced responses; Drought; Ipomoea purpurea; Resource limitation; Herbivory.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-66432009000200005

AFLP marker linked to water-stress-tolerant bulks in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Altinkut,A.; Kazan,K.; Gozukirmizi,N.
The amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) assay is an efficient method for the identification of molecular markers, useful in the improvement of numerous crop species. Bulked Segregant Analysis (BSA) was used to identify AFLP markers associated with water-stress tolerance in barley, as this would permit rapid selection of water-stress tolerant genotypes in breeding programs. AFLP markers linked to water-stress tolerance was identified in two DNA pools (tolerant and sensitive), which were established using selected F2 individuals resulting from a cross between water-stress-tolerant and sensitive barley parental genotypes, based on their paraquat (PQ) tolerance, leaf size, and relative water content (RWC). All these three traits were previously shown...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Bulked segregant analysis; Drought; Hordeum vulgare; AFLP; Paraquat.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572003000100013

Identification and in silico characterization of soybean trihelix-GT and bHLH transcription factors involved in stress responses
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Osorio,Marina Borges; Bücker-Neto,Lauro; Castilhos,Graciela; Turchetto-Zolet,Andreia Carina; Wiebke-Strohm,Beatriz; Bodanese-Zanettini,Maria Helena; Margis-Pinheiro,Márcia.
Environmental stresses caused by either abiotic or biotic factors greatly affect agriculture. As for soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merril], one of the most important crop species in the world, the situation is not different. In order to deal with these stresses, plants have evolved a variety of sophisticated molecular mechanisms, to which the transcriptional regulation of target-genes by transcription factors is crucial. Even though the involvement of several transcription factor families has been widely reported in stress response, there still is a lot to be uncovered, especially in soybean. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the role of bHLH and trihelix-GT transcription factors in soybean responses to environmental stresses. Gene...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Drought; Gene expression; Glycine max; Phylogeny; Plant-microbe interactions.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572012000200005

In silico analysis of ESTs from roots of Rangpur lime (Citrus limonia Osbeck) under water stress
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Boscariol-Camargo,Raquel L.; Berger,Irving J.; Souza,Alessandra A.; Amaral,Alexandre M. do; Carlos,Eduardo F.; Freitas-Astúa,Juliana; Takita,Marco A.; Targon,Maria Luisa P.N.; Medina,Camilo L.; Reis,Marcelo S.; Machado,Marcos A.
CitEST project resulted in the construction of cDNA libraries from different Citrus sp. tissues under various physiological conditions. Among them, plantlets of Rangpur lime were exposed to hydroponic conditions with and without water stress using PEG6000. RNA from roots was obtained and generated a total of 4,130 valid cDNA reads, with 2,020 from the non-stressed condition and 2,110 from the stressed set. Bioinformatic analyses measured the frequency of each read in the libraries and yielded an in silico transcriptional profile for each condition. A total of 40 contigs were differentially expressed and allowed to detect up-regulated homologue sequences to well known genes involved in stress response, such as aquaporins, dehydrin, sucrose synthase, and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Expressed sequence tags; Transcription; Rootstock; Drought; Molecular response.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572007000500019

Subtractive libraries for prospecting differentially expressed genes in the soybean under water deficit
Provedor de dados: 74
Autores: Rodrigues,Fabiana Aparecida; Marcolino-Gomes,Juliana; Carvalho,Josirlei de Fátima Corrêa; Nascimento,Leandro Costa do; Neumaier,Norman; Farias,José Renato Bouças; Carazzolle,Marcelo Falsarella; Marcelino,Francismar Corrêa; Nepomuceno,Alexandre Lima.
Soybean has a wide range of applications in the industry and, due to its crop potential, its improvement is widely desirable. During drought conditions, soybean crops suffer significant losses in productivity. Therefore, understanding the responses of the soybean under this stress is an effective way of targeting crop improvement techniques. In this study, we employed the Suppressive Subtractive Hybridization (SSH) technique to investigate differentially expressed genes under water deficit conditions. Embrapa 48 and BR 16 soybean lines, known as drought-tolerant and -sensitive, respectively, were grown hydroponically and subjected to different short-term periods of stress by withholding the nutrient solution. Using this approach, we have identified genes...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Gene expression; Drought; Transcriptome.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572012000200011

Decision making support system for the adaptation and coexistence of extensive livestock farming in the dynamics of pantanal floods and droughts in face of climate change.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: PADOVANI, C. R.; ARAÚJO, A. F. de; ISHII, R. P.; MATSUBARA, E. T.; ESQUERDO, J. C. D. M.; ANTONIASSI, R. A. dos S.
The Pantanal is an extensive sedimentary plain, with seasonal flooding and where extensive livestock farming is the main economic activity. Flood seasonality is a natural process in wetlands, it naturally fertilizes native pastures that occur in large areas in the Pantanal, being the basis of cattle feed. In regions that flood by overflowing rivers or those that flood directly because of rain, large areas of native pasture are submerged from time to time with critical depths and durations, and in extreme events, there may be a drastic reduction in the supply of food and even an increase of cattle mortality due to starvation or drowning. Over more than 200 years of coexisting with floods, management strategies such as the removal of cattle from low,...
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Sistema de suporte à decisão; Pecuária extensiva; Mudanças climáticas; Secas; Inundações; Decision support systems; Livestock; Floods; Drought.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1137915

Convivência com a seca no semi-árido brasileiro.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: EMBRAPA. Centro de Pesquisa Agropecuária do Trópico Semi-Árido.
Aborda sobre o semi-árido brasileiro, as tecnologias disponíveis para agricultura e pecuária, o retorno econômico das principais tecnologias. Os recursos necessários, a cooperação internacional e o CPATSA.
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Convivência; Brasil; Nordeste; Região semi-árida; Resistance; Northeast; Semi-arid region; Natural research.; Recurso natural; Seca.; Drought; Brazil.
Ano: 1980
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/131961

É PRECISO conviver com a seca.
Provedor de dados: 14
Tecnologias desenvolvidas pela Embrapa Semiárido. O agricultor já tem meios para enfrentar e vencer as condições difíceis do Nordeste; Primeiro vem a águia de beber, uma boa cisterna; O jeito é armazenar água de chuva.
Tipo: Artigo de divulgação na mídia (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Armazenamento de água de chuva; Nordeste; Convivência com a seca; CPATSA; Embrapa Semiárido; Seca; Caatinga; Transferência de Tecnologia; Cisterna; Barreiro; Drought.
Ano: 1986
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/147582

Manejo dos rebanhos em anos de seca: 9 medidas orientadoras.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: GUIMARAES FILHO, C.; SOARES, J. G. G.
bitstream/CPATSA/8783/1/SDC84.pdf
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Management; Feeding.; Alimentação; Manejo; Pecuária; Produção Animal; Seca.; Animal production; Drought; Livestock.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/134122

Sistema de suporte à decisão para a adaptação e convivência da pecuária extensiva à dinâmica das inundações e estiagens do Pantanal frente às mudanças climáticas.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: PADOVANI, C. R.; ARAÚJO, A. F. de; ISHII, R. P.; MATSUBARA, E. T.; ESQUERDO, J. C. D. M.; ANTONIASSI, R. A. dos S.
Segundo o Painel Intergovernamental sobre Mudança do Clima, os eventos extremos que vem sendo observados nas últimas décadas e aqueles previstos para o futuro, são uma consequência das mudanças climáticas em função das atividades humanas. Independente da causa, mudanças climáticas ou variabilidade climática natural, eventos extremos ocorrem eventualmente e causam preocupação na sociedade, devido ao risco de perdas de vidas humanas, de propriedades e econômicas. Medidas de adaptação às mudanças climáticas são fundamentais para minimizar os riscos.
Tipo: Capítulo em livro técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Sistema de suporte à decisão; Pecuária extensiva; Mudanças climáticas; Secas; Inundações; Decision support systems; Livestock; Floods; Drought.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1137287

Programa do Trópico Semi-Árido: diretrizes para elaboração de um projeto de pesquisa para agricultura seca.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: EMBRAPA. Centro de Pesquisa Agropecuária do Trópico Semi-Árido.
Caracterização do problema; Cliente a ser beneficiado;Tecnologia a ser desenvolvida; Pesquisas prioritárias; Metodologia da pesquisa.
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Agricultura de sequeiro; Projeto.; Agricultura; Pesquisa Agrícola; Planejamento de Pesquisa.; Instituição de Pesquisa; Agriculture; Research programs.; Drought; Research projects.
Ano: 1973
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/162455

Na terra do sol, a seca nordestina ainda é vista por muitos como um fenômeno extraordinário.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: SILVA, J. de S.
Uma análise da seca nordestina, vista ainda, por muito como um fenômeno extraordinário.
Tipo: Artigo de divulgação na mídia (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Convivência com a seca; Desenvolvimento Rural; Pequeno Produtor; Seca; Tecnologia; Drought; Rural development; Small farms.
Ano: 1982
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/133322

Vulnerabilidade dos pequenos agricultores em relação as tecnologias de convivência com a seca: um estudo de caso.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: CAVALCANTI, N. de B.; OLIVEIRA, C. A. V.; BRITO, L. T. de L.
Os pequenos agricultores da regiao semi-arida do Nordeste brasileiro tem, na agricultura de subsistencia ou familiar, sua principal fonte de renda. Estes agricultores sao bastante vulneraveis as condicoes agrossocioeconomicas e climaticas da regiao e, sobretudo, em relacao as tecnologias desenvolvidas pela pesquisa agricola para a convivencia com a seca. Este trabalho teve como objetivos identificar algumas tecnologias de convivencia com a seca e verificar a vulnerabilidade dos pequenos agricultores em relacao a estas tecnologias.
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Convivência; Adoção; Resistance; Adoption; Small farmers; Natural resource.; Recurso natural; Pequeno Produtor; Seca; Tecnologia.; Drought; Technology.
Ano: 1998
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/131732

Portfólio de convivência com a seca no Semiárido.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: EMBRAPA.
Na Embrapa, os projetos voltados para esta temática estão agrupados no portfólio de Convivência com a Seca no Semiárido. Por meio deles são desenvolvidas pesquisas sobre a conservação e uso sustentável da biodiversidade da Caatinga, avaliação de cultivares tolerantes à seca, sistemas de integração caipiras, barragens subterrâneas, reuso de água, forrageiras para alimentação animal, uso dos solos, entre outros.
Tipo: Folders
Palavras-chave: Convivência com a seca; Convivência com a Seca no Semiárido; Semiárido; Política de Pesquisa; Programa de Pesquisa; Caatinga; Seca; Agricultura de Subsistência; Agricultura Sustentável; Vegetação Nativa; Biodiversidade; Drought; Drought tolerance; Semiarid zones; Research and development; Research policy; Research programs; Biodiversity.
Ano: 2022
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1147868

Simulação de seca e seus efeitos na germinação de genótipos de sorgo.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: MAGALHAES, P. C.; OLIVEIRA, A. C. de.
bitstream/item/30632/1/Pesq.And.-5.pdf
Tipo: Séries anteriores (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Simulation.; Germinação; Seca; Sorgo.; Sorghum Bicolor; Simulação; Germination.; Drought.
Ano: 1991
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/478749

Alternativas para estabilização da agricultura de sequeiro.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: ARAGÃO, O. P.
O Polígono das secas do Nordeste é caracterizado por uma estação chuvosa de 5 meses, sujeita a estiagem que pode acarretar redução ou perda total da produção agrícola. A frequente instabilidade climática dificulta a elaboração de um planejamento agrícola racional, desde que o setor agrícola depende dos efeitos das estiagens.
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Agricultura de Sequeiro; Convivencia com a seca; Sistema de molhação.; Agricultura; Agricultura de Subsistência; Produção Agrícola.; Resistência a Seca; Seca; Tropical agriculture; Drought tolerance.; Drought.
Ano: 1980
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/155950

Luz &amp; sombra no tunel sertanejo.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: LIMA, L. S. de.
Instalado ha oito anos, no coracao da caatinga sertanejo, o Centro de Pesquisa Agropecuaria do Tropico Semi-Arido (CPATSA) da Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria (EMBRAPA), mostra que, se depender de tecnologias, ja e possivel conviver com a seca e revela, tambem, porque nem so de chuva e de tecnologia pode sobreviver a esperanca nordestina.
Tipo: Artigo de divulgação na mídia (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Agricultor baixa renda; Convivencia; Small farmers; Desenvolvimento Rural; Seca; Sociologia; Tecnologia; Drought; Rural development; Sociology; Technology.
Ano: 1984
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/132357

Elementos para formulação de um programa de convivência com a seca no Semi-Árido brasileiro.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: GUIMARÃES FILHO, C.; LOPES, P. R. C.; SILVA, P. C. G. da.
Em função da profunda diversidade de condições agroecológicas e sócioeconômicas que caracteriza a região semi-árida e da extrema complexidade que envolve a natureza dos fatores responsáveis pela condição de pobreza das comunidades que nela habitam, a concepção de um programa de convivência com a seca requer, antes de tudo, uma visão abrangente na definição do caminho a ser seguido. A sua execução, portanto, exigirá uma ampla ação cooperativa transdisciplinar e multiinstitucional. A base para o desenvolvimento econômico e social do Semi-Árido e, por conseguinte, o conviver com seca, não deve se limitar ao desenvolvimento da atividade agrícola. Este deve estar associado ao crescimento das atividades econômicas rurais (agrícolas e não agrícolas) que se...
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Convivência com a seca; Semiárido; Desenvolvimento local; Espaço agronômico; Produção local; Seca; Resistência a Seca; Alimentação Na Seca; Recurso Natural; Desenvolvimento Sustentável; Projeto de Desenvolvimento; Desenvolvimento Socio-Econômico; Social environment; Rural development; Rural economics; Rural policy; Drought; Drought tolerance.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1093481

Utilização da evapotranspiração de referência para determinação de estresse hídrico em Urochloa mosambicensis sob solos com diferentes texturas.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: GUEDES, F. L.; POMPEU, R. C. F. F.; BUENO, L. G.; SOUZA, H. A. de; ROGERIO, M. C. P.
Resumo - O presente trabalho objetivou verificar se a metodologia com a utilização de lâminas de irrigação com base na evapotranspiração diária para aplicação de estresse hídrico em genótipos de Urochloa mosambicensis consegue determinar até qual nível de estresse essa espécie suporta, em dois tipos de solos do semiárido, um de textura arenosa e outro de textura média. O experimento consistiu em um fatorial triplo 3x4x2 (3 genótipos de gramíneas - UmCO-1 (2), UmCO-4 (1), BRS Paiaguás, 4 lâminas de irrigação - 30%, 60%, 90% e 120% da evapotranspiração de referência (ET0) e dois tipos de textura de solo) em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com 4 repetições. A metodologia com base na evapotranspiração de referência (ET0) em U. mosambicensis foi eficiente...
Tipo: Folhetos
Palavras-chave: Semiárido; Período seco; Dry period; Brasil; Gramínea Forrageira; Irrigação; Capim Urochloa; Forage grasses; Dry season; Irrigation; Drought; Semiarid soils; Brazil.
Ano: 2022
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1148930

Pré-tratamento de hidratação-desidratação de sementes de milho como um meio de sobrepujar os efeitos da seca.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: AGUIAR, P. A. A.
Sementes de cinco cultivares de milho (Zea mays L.) Azteca, Centralmex, Dentado, Flint e Piranão - foram submetidas ao processo de hidratação-desidratação (hardening) antes do plantio e plantadas sob condições de campo do Trópico Semi-Árido do Brasil, por dois anos.
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Maize.; Milho; Desidratação; Hidratação; Seca; Resistência; Semente.; Seeds.; Drought; Corn.
Ano: 1982
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/155911

BHCalc: manual do usuário.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: SILVA, J. P. da; MEIRELES, E. J. L.; CAMARGO, M. B. P. de; PANTANO, A. P.; ROMANI, L. A. S.
Este manual tem por objetivo apresentar, de forma rápida e prática, a ferramenta para cálculo o balanço hídrico pelo método de Thornthwaite e Mather (1955), otimizando seu uso e aquisição de resultados pelo público interessado, contribuindo, assim, para o planejamento e tomadas de decisão das atividades agropecuárias e de pesquisas.
Tipo: Documentos (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Evapotranspiração potencial; Excedente hídrico; Balanço hídrico; Deficiência hídrica; Evapotranspiração; Water balance; Evapotranspiration; Drought.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/1065245

Uso de alguns métodos e resultados de pesquisas de irrigação em programas de pesquisas para as áreas de sequeiro.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: MILLAR, A. A.
Documento de orientação para pesquisadores da Embrapa. Contribuição do Projeto FAO/BRA/74/008 do Programa das Nações Unidas para o Desenvolvimento. 1. Informações sobre resistência a seca; Uso da informação de déficit fenológico de água das culturas; Alguns experimentos básicos e uso da informação.
Tipo: Fôlder / Folheto / Cartilha (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Arroz de sequeiro; Tolerante a seca; Balanço hidrológico; Cultura resistente a seca; Plant; Plant tissue; Resistência a Seca; Agricultura; Fenologia; Seca; Manejo do Solo; Drought; Soil.
Ano: 1977
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/161378

Como o pecuarista do Semi-Árido nordestino deve enfrentar emergencialmente uma seca.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: GUIMARAES FILHO, C.
bitstream/CPATSA/7270/1/INT6.pdf
Tipo: Comunicado Técnico (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Brasil; Nordeste; Resistance; Northeast.; Produção animal; Pecuária; Resistência; Seca; Tecnologia.; Animal production; Drought; Livestock; Brazil; Technology.
Ano: 1999
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/132169

Adoção de tecnológia para convivência do homem com a seca na região Semi-Árida do Nordeste brasileiro: o caso da cisterna rural.
Provedor de dados: 14
Autores: CAVALCANTI, N. de B.; OLIVEIRA, C. A. V.; BRITO, L. T. de L.
bitstream/CPATSA-2009-09/6910/1/BPD48.pdf
Tipo: Boletim de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (INFOTECA-E)
Palavras-chave: Convivência com a seca; Cisterna rural; Agricultor baixa renda; Nordeste; Região semi-árida; Rural cistern; Resistance; Small farmers; Northeast; Semi-arid region.; Tecnologia.; Drought; Technology.
Ano: 1995
URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/131729

Interannual and Seasonal Variations in Ecosystem Transpiration and Water Use Efficiency in a Tropical Rainforest
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Aguilos, Maricar; Stahl, Clement; Burban, Benoit; Herault, Bruno; Courtois, Elodie; Coste, Sabrina; Wagner, Fabien; Ziegler, Camille; Takagi, Kentaro; Bonal, Damien.
Warmer and drier climates over Amazonia have been predicted for the next century with expected changes in regional water and carbon cycles. We examined the impact of interannual and seasonal variations in climate conditions on ecosystem-level evapotranspiration (ET) and water use efficiency (WUE) to determine key climatic drivers and anticipate the response of these ecosystems to climate change. We used daily climate and eddyflux data recorded at the Guyaflux site in French Guiana from 2004 to 2014. ET and WUE exhibited weak interannual variability. The main climatic driver of ET and WUE was global radiation (Rg), but relative extractable water (REW) and soil temperature (Ts) did also contribute. At the seasonal scale, ET and WUE showed a modal pattern...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Tropical rainforest; Evapotranspiration; Water use efficiency; Drought; Radiation.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00484/59572/62542.pdf

Inverse Estuaries in West Africa: Evidence of the Rainfall Recovery?
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Descroix, Luc; Sané, Yancouba; Thior, Mamadou; Manga, Sylvie-paméla; Ba, Boubacar Demba; Mingou, Joseph; Mendy, Victor; Coly, Saloum; Dièye, Arame; Badiane, Alexandre; Senghor, Marie-jeanne; Diedhiou, Ange-bouramanding; Sow, Djiby; Bouaita, Yasmin; Soumaré, Safietou; Diop, Awa; Faty, Bakary; Sow, Bamol Ali; Machu, Eric; Montoroi, Jean-pierre; Andrieu, Julien; Vandervaere, Jean-pierre.
In West Africa, as in many other estuaries, enormous volumes of marine water are entering the continent. Fresh water discharge is very low, and it is commonly strongly linked to rainfall level. Some of these estuaries are inverse estuaries. During the Great Sahelian Drought (1968–1993), their hyperhaline feature was exacerbated. This paper aims to describe the evolution of the two main West African inverse estuaries, those of the Saloum River and the Casamance River, since the end of the drought. Water salinity measurements were carried out over three to five years according to the sites in order to document this evolution and to compare data with the historical ones collected during the long dry period at the end of 20th century. The results show that in...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Water salinity; Inverse estuaries; West Africa; Drought; Mangrove.
Ano: 2020
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00612/72434/71381.pdf

Teleconnected ocean forcing of Western North American droughts and pluvials during the last millennium
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Routson, Cody C.; Woodhouse, Connie A.; Overpeck, Jonathan T.; Betancourt, Julio L.; Mckay, Nicholas P.
Western North America (WNA) is rich in hydroclimate reconstructions, yet questions remain about the causes of decadal-to-multidecadal hydroclimate variability. Teleconnection patterns preserved in annually-resolved tree-ring reconstructed drought maps, and anomalies in a global network of proxy sea surface temperature (SST) reconstructions, were used to reassess the evidence linking ocean forcing to WNA hydroclimate variability over the past millennium. Potential forcing mechanisms of the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and individual drought and pluvial events including two multidecadal-length MCA pluvials were evaluated. We show strong teleconnection patterns occurred during the driest (wettest) years within persistent droughts (pluvials), implicating...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Western North America; Drought; Pluvial; Synthesis; Climate change; Multi-proxy.
Ano: 2016
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00496/60719/65283.pdf

Disentangling Drought and Nutrient Effects on Soil Carbon Dioxide and Methane Fluxes in a Tropical Forest
Provedor de dados: 5
Autores: Bréchet, Laëtitia; Courtois, Elodie A.; Saint-germain, Thomas; Janssens, Ivan A.; Asensio, Dolores; Ramirez-rojas, Irene; Soong, Jennifer L.; Van Langenhove, Leandro; Verbruggen, Erik; Stahl, Clément.
Tropical soils are a major contributor to the balance of greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes in the atmosphere. Models of tropical GHG fluxes predict that both the frequency of drought events and changes in atmospheric deposition of nitrogen (N) will significantly affect dynamics of soil carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) production and consumption. In this study, we examined the combined effect of a reduction in precipitation and an increase in nutrient availability on soil CO2 and CH4 fluxes in a primary French Guiana tropical forest. Drought conditions were simulated by intercepting precipitation falling through the forest canopy with tarpaulin roofs. Nutrient availability was manipulated through application of granular N and/or phosphorus (P) fertilizer to...
Tipo: Text
Palavras-chave: Carbon dioxide; Drought; Fertilization; Methane; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Soil GHG fluxes; Tropical forest.
Ano: 2019
URL: https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00595/70694/68903.pdf

EFFECTIVENESS OF THE APPLICATION OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZA FUNGI AND ORGANIC AMENDMENTS TO IMPROVE SOIL QUALITY AND PLANT PERFORMANCE UNDER STRESS CONDITIONS
Provedor de dados: 126
Autores: Medina,Almudena; Azcón,Rosario.
Plant growth is limited in arid and/or contaminated sites due to the adverse conditions coming from heavy metal (HM) contamination and/or water stress. Moreover, soils from these areas are generally characterised by poor soil structure, low water-holding capacity, lack of organic matter and nutrient deficiency. In order to carry out a successful re-afforestation, it is necessary to improve soil quality and the ability of plants species to resist this harsh environment. The symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi has been proposed as one of the mechanisms of plant heavy metal tolerance and water stress avoidance. On the other hand, addition of organic amendments to the soil can reverse degradation of soil properties. Agro-waste residues such as dry...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM); Fungi; Organic amendment; Heavy metal (HM) contamination; Water stress; Drought; Organic matter; Rock phosphate; Revegetation; Bioremediation; Aspergillus niger; Phosphate solubilization.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-95162010000100009

Variation in the structure of the ichthyoplankton community in the lower Paraíba do Sul River
Provedor de dados: 83
Autores: Teixeira,Gabriel E.; Bialetzki,Andréa; Soares,Bruno E.; Souza,Guilherme; Caramaschi,Érica P.
ABSTRACT The Paraíba do Sul River is affected by extensive water collection for supply, organic and industrial pollution, and dams. Nonetheless, the ichthyofauna maintains biodiversity and sustains artisanal fisheries. This study analyzes the composition, abundance and distribution of fish larvae, an important approach to determine the reproductive period and spawning sites. The sampling occurred from August 2011 through February 2013 in five sites at a transect between the banks on the lower reach of the Paraíba do Sul River. A total of 5,412 larvae belonging to 20 taxa was captured. The predominant order was Characiformes. Larvae of Prochilodus spp. and Leporinus spp. were the most abundant; larvae of Brycon insignis, an endangered species, were present....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Drought; Eggs and larvae; Migratory species; Reproductive period; Spawning area.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-62252019000500208

エチオピア中高地における定住化牧畜民の移動性と旱魃への対処戦略 : 北東部Afar 州と南部Oromia 州の事例
Provedor de dados: 19
Autores: 平田, 昌弘; 鬼木, 俊次; HIRATA, Masahiro; ONIKI, Shunji.
本稿は、異常気象や社会変化に対する牧畜民・半農半牧民の対応戦略を検討するための予備的調査として、1）牧畜民の定住化前・後の放牧形態を把握し、2）定住化の度合いが牧畜民や半農半牧民の旱魃への対処戦略にどのように影響しているかについて分析し、3）旱魃はどのような人々に最も影響を及ぼすかを特定することを目的とした。 調査は、エチオピア北東部のAfar州第2地区Abala郡と、南部のOromia州Borena地区Yabelo郡・Dire郡の2カ所の中高地域において、2012年2月14日〜3月1日にかけて合計9 つの村で観察とインタビューとをおこなった。 Afar牧畜民もBorena牧畜民も、定住する前は、家族全員が全家畜を伴って季節移動していた。乾期には小川など...
Palavras-chave: 旱魃; 牧畜; 定住化; 農耕開始; 公共施設建設; Drought; Pastoralism; Settlement; Start of cultivation; Construction of public facility.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/3536

Leaf application of silicon in young cacao plants subjected to water deficit
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Zanetti,Leonardo Valandro; Milanez,Camilla Rozindo Dias; Gama,Vinícius Novo; Aguilar,Marco Antonio Galeas; Souza,Carlos Alberto Spaggiari; Campostrini,Eliemar; Ferraz,Tiago Massi; Figueiredo,Fábio Afonso Mazzei Moura de Assis.
Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the physiological and anatomical traits of plants of a cacao (Theobroma cacao) clone in response to water deficit after leaf application of silicon. A randomized complete block design was used, with four replicates, in a 2x3 factorial arrangement of two water regimes (irrigated or nonirrigated) and three silicon concentrations (0.0, 1.5, and 3.0 mg mL-1) applied in wettable SiO2 powder. The plants were evaluated 20 days after the irrigation regimes were applied. The use of SiO2 increased the stability of cell membranes and the photochemical efficiency of the plants under water deficit. The 1.5 mg mL-1 concentration of SiO2 increased photosynthetic rate, water use efficiency, and carboxylation efficiency,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Theobroma cacao; Anatomy; Antioxidant enzymes; Drought; Photochemistry; SiO2.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2016000300215

Proline content of sunflower cultivars in the Brazilian semiarid region
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Carvalho,Luciana Marques de; Araújo,Stela Braga de; Carvalho,Hélio Wilson Lemos de; Carvalho,Claudio Guilherme Portela de.
Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the proline content of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) cultivars, in the conditions of natural water deficit in the Brazilian semiarid region. Thirteen cultivars were sown in experiments set in three sites in the Brazilian Northeast. Proline content was determined on leaves from plants at the R4-R5 stage. Significant differences among cultivars occurred only where water availability was lower. Proline averages ranged from 3.47 to 17.41 μg g-1. The sunflower cultivars BRS387, BRS323, and BRS324 showed the greatest proline contents with 54.74, 46.27, and 35.16 μg g-1, respectively. These are the cultivars that accumulate more proline under conditions of a severe water deficit.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Helianthus annuus; Drought; Water deficit.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2018000800970

Combining ability of maize grain yield under different levels of environmental stress
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Souza,Leandro Vagno de; Miranda,Glauco Vieira; Galvão,João Carlos Cardoso; Guimarães,Lauro José Moreira; Santos,Izabel Cristina dos.
The objectives of this work were to caracterize the tropical maize germplasm and to compare the combining abilities of maize grain yield under different levels of environmental stress. A diallel was performed among tropical maize cultivars with wide adaptability, whose hybrid combinations were evaluated in two sowing dates, in two years. The significance of the environmental effect emphasized the environmental contrasts. Based on grain yield, the environments were classified as favorable (8,331 kg ha-1), low stress (6,637 kg ha-1), high stress (5,495 kg ha-1), and intense stress (2,443 kg ha-1). None of the genetic effects were significant in favorable and intense stress environments, indicating that there was low germplasm variability under these...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Zea mays; Abiotic stress; Breeding; Diallel; Drought.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2009001000013

Sensitivity analysis of the AquaCrop parameters for rainfed corn in the South of Brazil
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Martini,Luiz Carlos Pittol.
Abstract: The objective of this work was to perform a sensitivity analysis of the main input parameters required for the AquaCrop water balance model, using biomass and grain yield data of a rainfed-simulated corn crop, obtained along the climate data series of 1987-2016 in the South of Brazil. The levels of soil-water stress and the depths of maximum effective rooting were the input parameters that most affected the biomass and grain yields simulated by the model, followed by the crop coefficient, water-use efficiency, soil water storage capacity, and contribution of groundwater to water availability in the root zone. The parameters crop cycle duration, plant density, pattern of soil-water extraction, and field surface practices showed little or no impact...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Calibration; Crop model; Drought; Simulation; Soil-water balance; Soil-water stress.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2018000800934

A new method to simulate the hydrological state of soil under natural conditions
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Wild,Anna-Katharina; Marx,Michael Thomas; Eisenbeis,Gerhard.
Micro, macro and mesofauna in the soil often respond to fluctuating environmental conditions, resulting in changes of abundance and community structure. Effects of changing soil parameters are normally determined with samples taken in the field and brought to the laboratory, i.e. where natural environmental conditions may not apply. We devised a method (STAFD - soil tubes for artificial flood and drought), which simulates the hydrological state of soil in situ using implanted cores. Control tubes were compared with treatment tubes in which floods of 15, 30, 60 and 90 days, and droughts of 60, 90 and 120 days were simulated in the field. Flooding and drought were found to reduce number of individuals in all soil faunal groups, but the response to drought...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Drought; Flooding; Soil invertebrates; Soil tubes; STAFD method.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2009000800007

Corn root morphoanatomy at different development stages and yield under water stress
Provedor de dados: 86
Autores: Souza,Thiago Corrêa de; Magalhães,Paulo César; Castro,Evaristo Mauro de; Duarte,Vinícius Politi; Lavinsky,Alyne Oliveira.
Abstract: The objective of this work was to characterize the morphoanatomy of roots and the yield traits of two corn hybrids contrasting for drought tolerance (DKB 390, tolerant; and BRS 1030, sensitive), at different stages of development. Water deficit was imposed for ten days, in a greenhouse, at three growth stages: V5, VT, and R3. These treatments were combined to generate cumulative stress during the plant cycle, as: V5VT, V5R3, VTR3, and V5VTR3. The following were analyzed: root anatomy; proportion of aerenchyma in the cortex; metaxylem number and diameter; phloem thickness; as well as morphological characteristics, such as root length, volume, and surface area, specific root length, length of fine roots, grain yield, and ear length and diameter....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Zea mays; Aerenchyma; Drought; Endoderm; Specific root length; WinRhizo.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2016000400330

Biomasa acumulada e intercambio gaseoso en maíz proveniente de semilla de diferente tamaño bajo humedad favorable y restringida: (con 3 tablas)
Provedor de dados: 85
Autores: López-Santillán,José Alberto; Castro-Nava,Sergio; Trejo-López,Carlos; Mendoza-Castillo,Ma. Del Carmen; Ortiz-Cereceres,Joaquín.
Se evaluó la velocidad de germinación y el crecimiento de plántulas de maíz provenientes de semilla de dos diferentes tamaños para determinarlas diferencias en la producción de biomasa durante la etapa vegetativa y estimar los efectos de una condición diferente de disponibilidad de humedad sobre el estatus fisiológico de la plántula. Una mayor cantidad de biomasa en el endospermo y en el embrión de las semillas permitió una mayor disponibilidad de reservas durante la etapa posterior a la germinación y anterior a la emergencia, dando como resultado un mayor vigor inicial en las plántulas evaluadas, y en consecuencia una mayor acumulación de biomasa, tanto radical como aérea, durante la etapa vegetativa. La presencia de una restricción de humedad durante la...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Maize; Seed size; Seedling vigor; Biomass; Drought; Gas exchange.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1851-56572004000100030

Biomass production and grain yield of three sorghum lines difering in drought resistance
Provedor de dados: 85
Autores: Castro-Nava,S; Ortiz-Cereceres,J; Mendoza-Castillo,M del C; Huerta,AJ.
The aim of this study was to determine the eficiency of drought classification criteria that we previously reported for our grain sorghum genotypes. Two tolerant genotypes of grain sorghum &amp;#091;Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench&amp;#093; (UAT-124 and UAT-152) and one susceptible (UAT-30) were subjected to drought under greenhouse conditions at either panicle initiation, flag leaf, or flowering. Results showed that the effects of drought depended on when drought stress occurred during development. Biomass of the three sorghum genotypes was significantly reduced at the flag leaf stage (48%) by drought stress, but the greatest reduction occurred in the susceptible genotype UAT-30 (71%). Results showed that biomass accumulation for UAT-124 and UAT-30 was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Sorghum bicolor L. Moench; Water stress; Drought; Phenology; Biomass accumulation; Grain yield.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1851-56572012000200002

Water stress response of Tricepiro and its progenitors Triticale and Trigopiro
Provedor de dados: 85
Autores: Ruiz,MA; Golberg,A; Molas,ML.
In semiarid regions rainfall is often scarce and erratic in space and time, making valuable the exploration of news genotypes with superior behavior in dry land systems. Tricepiro (X Triticosecale Wittmack x X Agrotriticum Ciferri &amp;amp; Giacom) is a synthetic cereal with long cycle and high biomass production in semiarid environments. However its performance under controlled water stress has not yet been evaluated. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of water stress on tricepiro genotypes in comparison with their progenitors: triticale and trigopiro. Morphophysiological traits related to forage yield were evaluated in the greenhouse and the field. In the greenhouse, water potential, stomatal resistance, root biomass and wilted/green...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Tricepiro; Synthetic cereal; Drought; Semiarid environment.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1851-56572014000200006

Responses of Conocarpus lancifolius to environmental stress: a case study in the semi-arid land of Kuwait
Provedor de dados: 85
Autores: Redha,A; Suleman,P; Al-Hasan,R; Afzal,M.
Cococarpus lancifolius Engl. grows wild in Djibouti, Somalia and East Africa, and South Asia. The species was introduced into Kuwait, where it is exposed to several stresses: oil pollution, salinity, high temperature and harsh climatic conditions. These conditions are prevalent in its semi-arid environment. In this study, the impact of salinity (2, 6 and 10%), temperature (20, 30 and 40 °C), polyethylene glycol (10, 30 and 60%) and drought has been investigated on C. lancifolius. Proline (Pro) accumulation (5.5 ± 0.03 µg/g dry weight; p=0.05-0.005), protein (16.47 ± 0.052 mg/g; p=0.001), free amino acids (10.92 ± 0.082 mg/g; p=0.006) and lipids (116.05 ± 2.17 µg/g; p=0.05) were measured in plants irrigated with 60% polyethylene glycol (PEG) for 6 days....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Conocarpus lancifolius; Drought; Electron transport rate; Environmental stress; Salinity; Temperature; Photosynthesis.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1851-56572012000200008

Does the Introgression of Bt Gene Affect Physiological Cotton Response to Water Deficit?
Provedor de dados: 87
Autores: ROSOLEM,C.A.; SARTO,M.V.M.; ROCHA,K.F.; MARTINS,J.D.L.; ALVES,M.S.
ABSTRACT: Water deficit may affect the expression of lepidoptera-controlling proteins in cotton. However, it is unknown if there is a differential response of conventional and Bt cotton cultivars to water deficit, what could potentially affect the plant competition with weeds. The objective of this work was to investigate the response of Bt cotton cultivars to water deficit compared with their conventional near-isolines. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, where the cotton cultivars FMT 705, FMT 709 and IMACD 8276, with and without the Bt gene, were grown under two water regimens: 100% and 50% (moderate water deficit) of available soil water. Cotton phenology was severely affected by moderate water deficit, with a reduction in shoot and root dry...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Available water; Drought; Gossypium hirsutum L.; Genetically Modified Organism.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582019000100234

Finding out Relationships Among Some Morpho-Biochemical Parameters of Christ's Thorn (Ziziphus spina-christi) under Drought and Salinity Stresses
Provedor de dados: 87
Autores: NEJAT,N.; SADEGHI,H.
ABSTRACT Taking into consideration that modeling and indicating relationship among traits and variables are among the most useful numerical techniques in the biological and botanical researches, and also undeniable impact of drought and salinity stresses, this research was implemented with the aim to consider change in relationship among the traits under separately drought and salinity stresses related to scarcely distributed medicinal plant called Christ thorn (Ziziphus spina-christi). A glass house experiment was implemented in controlled conditions at the College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. Five different water stress levels (irrigation at four, six, eight and 10 days intervals, compared to the unstressed control plants with every...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Salinity; Drought; Stepwise regressions; Principal component analysis; Cluster analysis.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582016000400667

Interactions between soybean and weeds in a replacement series system, considering the effects of water stress
Provedor de dados: 87
Autores: Vivian,R.; Dourado-Neto,D.; Filho,R.V.; Silva,A.A.; Franco,R.B.; Correa,S.T.R.
Due to the increase of water deficiency in many farm regions and its meaning on weed interference, competitive interactions between soybean and three weeds were evaluated under water stress (20 to 40 days after transplanting) and no stress conditions. Three independent experiments were carried out in a growth chamber, being each one composed by the weeds Alternanthera tenella, Tridax procumbens or Digitaria ciliaris, along with the crop, in which soil water condition and plant composition effects were evaluated while in competition. A replacement series system was used, including both monoculture of each species and a mixture with a ratio of 50% between weed and soybean. A completely randomized design was used in factorial arrangement, with treatments...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Glycine max; Drought; Alternanthera tenella; Tridax procumbens; Digitaria ciliaris.
Ano: 2013
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-83582013000400001

State level analysis of drought policies and impacts in Rajasthan, India.
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Rathore,   M.S.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Drought; Policy; Expenditure; Livestock; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Health Economics and Policy; Livestock Production/Industries; Production Economics.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92401

Modeling the Regional Economic Impacts of the 2007/08 Drought: Results and Lessons
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Butcher,   G.V; Ford,   Stuart.
The 2007-08 drought affected a large area of New Zealand. This paper describes the analytical framework used to estimate the associated regional and national economic impacts. Results suggest that calculating drought economic impacts by applying standard farming industry multipliers to changes in farm gate output can greatly overstate both regional and national economic impacts. Calculating impacts using differences between forecast and actual farm production and expenditure by farm type is both feasible and produces far more reliable impact estimates.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Economic Impact; Drought; Modeling; Agricultural and Food Policy; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97167

Alternative Hedging Strategies in Maize Production to Cope with Climate Variability and Change
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Fuhrer,   Jurg; Beniston,   Martin; Calanca,   Pierluigi; Torriani,   Daniele Simone.
Climate change with increasing climate variability is likely to alter risks in agricultural production. The effectiveness of using weather derivatives to hedge against drought risks for rain-fed grain maize production was investigated for current (1981-2003) and future (2070- 2100) climates in Switzerland. The climate change scenario was extrapolated from results of a regional climate model (HIRHAM4) based on the IPCC A2 emission scenario. In addition, a sensitivity analysis was performed by varying the mean and variance of the initial probability space for the seasonal precipitation sum. Profits and risks with and without hedging were compared using the analogy of the value-at-risk measure (VaR), i.e., a quantile-based measure of risk. A Monte Carlo chain...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climatic change; Climate risks; Drought; Maize production; Weather derivatives; Hedging; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9275

Coping with Drought in Rice Farming in Asia: Insights from a Cross-Country Comparative Study
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pandey,   Sushil; Bhandari,   Humnath; Ding,   Shijun; Prapertchob,   Preeda; Sharan,   Ramesh; Naik,   Dibakar; Taunk,   Sudhir K.; Sastri,   Asras.
Drought is a major constraint affecting rice production especially in rainfed areas of Asia. Despite its importance in rice growing areas, the magnitude of economic losses arising from drought, its impact on farm households and farmers' drought coping mechanisms are poorly understood. This paper provides insights into these aspects of drought based on a cross-country comparative analysis of rainfed rice growing areas in China, India and Thailand. The economic cost of drought is found to be substantially higher in eastern India than in the other two countries. Higher probability and greater spatial covariance of drought and less diversified farming systems with rice accounting for a large r share of household income are likely to be the main reasons for...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Drought; Economic cost; Coping mechanisms; Poverty; Crop Production/Industries; D1; I3; Q1.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/25553

Drought impacts and potential for their mitigation in southern and western Afghanistan
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bhattacharyya, Kamal; Azizi, Pir Mohammad; Shobair, Sayed Sharif; Mohsini,   Mohammad Yasin.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Drought; Rain; Water scarcity; Irrigation water; Domestic water; Crops; Forests; Pastures; Watersheds; Water harvesting; Crop Production/Industries; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92659

A multi-period positive mathematical programming approach for assessing economic impact of drought in the Murray-Darling Basin, Australia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Qureshi,   Muhammad Ejaz; Ahmad,   Mobin-ud-Din; Whitten,   Stuart M.; Kirby,   Mac.
In the last decade, the Murray-Darling Basin (MDB), Australia faced a severe drought which affected its agriculture production. Sustainable diversion limits as proposed in the Australian Government’s basin plan together with climate change is expected to impact on future agriculture production and development in the MDB. We developed a biophysical-economic mathematical model calibrated against the observed multi-period land use data utilising the positive mathematical programming (PMP) approach to evaluate the impacts on agricultural production activities of a range of climate events and policy options. This is an extension of our previous work where the model was calibrated against a single year and focus was on the southern MDB only. The multi-period...
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Integrated hydrology and economic model; Multi-period calibration; Climate change; Drought; Agriculture; Positive mathematical programming; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124418

Vulnerability to Agricultural Drought in Western Orissa: A Case Study of Representative Blocks
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Swain,   Mrutyunjay; Swain,   Mamata.
The nature of vulnerability to agricultural drought in three study blocks of Bolangir district in western Orissa has been analysed. The indexing and vulnerability profile method have been used for assessing the nature of drought vulnerability, coping capacity and risk. The study has revealed that the three most influential biophysical factors of drought vulnerability are: rainfall variability, drought intensity and shortage of available waterholding capacity of soil and the three most influential socioeconomic factors are: low irrigation development, poor crop insurance coverage and smaller forest area. It is found that while drought risk varies widely across the study blocks and drought vulnerability and physical exposure to drought vary moderately, the...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Drought; Drought vulnerability; Composite drought vulnerability index; Physical exposure index; Drought risk index; Agricultural and Food Policy; Q54; Q58; C43; O13.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109415

Analysing drought impacts and recovery options by adapting a dairy farming systems modelling approach
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Armstrong,   Dan P.; Ho,   Christie K.M.; Doyle,   Peter T.; Malcolm,   Bill; Gibb,   I.; Brown,   Stuart.
The dairy industry in northern Victoria faced dramatic changes between 2001/02 and 2002/03. Drought resulted in a substantial decrease in availability, and subsequent increase in price, of irrigation water and supplementary feed. Most farms recorded substantial net cash flow deficits. Prior to 2002/03, a project had been established using case studies and a spreadsheet model to examine potential futures for different farm types. This approach was successfully adapted to examine drought impacts and recovery options under the vastly different prevailing circumstances. Several factors appear to have contributed to the adaptability of the approach, as follows: • The approach considered many aspects of farm management systems, but was simple enough to allow...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Dairy farming systems; Drought; Farm management economics; Farm Management.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/123136

IMPLAN UNDERSTATES AGRICULTURAL INPUT-OUTPUT MULTIPLIERS: AN APPLICATION TO POTENTIAL AGRICULTURAL/GREEN INDUSTRY DROUGHT IMPACTS IN COLORADO
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: McKean,   John R.; Spencer,   William P.
Synthesized input-output models are widely used by industry and government economists. The IMPLAN program is popular because it provides user access to the base data so that modifications can be made. The Washington survey-based model and IMPLAN for Washington State are compared, and differences in multipliers are traced to differences in final payments leakages. An adjustment technique for IMPLAN is demonstrated. An application is made to a Colorado potential drought impact analysis. More than 51,000 part- and full-time jobs and $1.6 billion of household income are at stake in the Colorado farm and "green industry" sectors.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Drought; Economic impact; Green industry; IMPLAN; Input-output; Irrigated agriculture; Community/Rural/Urban Development.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/14669

Coping Strategies against El Nino-Induced Climatic Risk: Case of Northeast Thailand
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mekhora,   Thamrong.
This second phase of the study is expected to produce actual and accurate information concerning socio-economic information and measures to cope with the El Nino effects at the farm level. Evidence of abnormal weather was apparent in Thailand in 2001 when the rain was less than the previous years' and the high temperatures were from January to March 2002. However, the rain came early in May 2002. Thus, the period of 2001 is suitable to represent an abnormal year for the study of the second phase of the project. The objectives of the second phase are to analyze and evaluate drought impacts at farm-household level, farmer's responses and government measures to overcome the problems. The research was conducted in two different provinces, namely Lop Buri in...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Drought; Climatic change; Agriculture; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32672

Climate change impacts on hydrology and water resources of the Upper Blue Nile River Basin, Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kim,   Ungtae; Kaluarachchi,   Jagath J.; Smakhtin,   Vladimir U.
The report evaluates the impacts of climate change on the hydrological regime and water resources of the Blue Nile River Basin in Ethiopia. It starts from the construction of the climate change scenarios based on the outcomes of several general circulation models (GCMs), uses a simple hydrological model to convert theses scenarios into runoff, and examines the impacts by means of a set of indices. The results, however uncertain with existing accuracy of climate models, suggest that the region is likely to have the future potential to produce hydropower, increase flow duration, and increase water storage capacity without affecting outflows to the riparian countries in the 2050s.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Hydrology; River basins; Runoff; Precipitation; Models; Dams; Operating policies; Water power; Drought; Analysis; Africa; Ethiopia; Egypt; Sudan; Upper Blue Nile River Basin; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53025

EQUITY IN DISTRIBUTION OF BENEFITS FROM WATER HARVESTING AND GROUNDWATER RECHARGE – AN ECONOMIC STUDY IN SUJALA WATERSHED PROJECT IN KARNATAKA
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Seema,   H.M.; Chandrakanth,   Mysore G.; Nagaraj,   N.
In this study, economic impact of water harvesting and groundwater recharging was analyzed in the context of Sujala watershed equity and efficiency in the distribution of benefits in Chitradurga district, Karnataka. Field data for 2004-05 (drought year) and 2005-06 (normal year) from 30 sample farmers in Sujala watershed form the data base for the study. Another sample of 30 farmers from Non-Sujala (or DPAP) watershed, and 30 from outside watershed area form the control. Farmers were further classified as: (i) those who had bore well irrigation; and (ii) those who had no borewell irrigation in order to assess the impact of watershed. It was found that the amortized cost per functioning well and cost per acre inch of groundwater in Sujala watershed is lower...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agricultural and Food Policy; Environmental Economics and Policy; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies; Sujala watershed program; Externalities; Drought; ANOVA.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/43618

From Pasture Land to Farm Plots, Triggers and Motivations for Land Use Changes in Afar, Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Kotu,   Bekele Hundie.
Communal land use system has existed in pastoral Afar (as in many other pastoral areas) since time of immemorial accommodating the interests of different user groups. This form of land use system, which has adapted to the harsh environment in which herders raise their livestock, enables efficient utilization of scattered pastoral resources since it accommodates constant mobility of livestock. In contrast to the mobile way of life, which characterizes pastoralism, farming as a sedentary activity is only marginally present in the lowlands of the Afar region. However, the traditional land-use system in Afar is changing nowadays if favor farming because of various reasons. This paper explains such changes mainly based the data collected through a household...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Land use; Pastoralists; Farming; Drought; Afar; Ethiopia; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Risk and Uncertainty; Q15; Q24.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51276

Analysis of Factors Affecting on Risk Management of Wheat Production Among Wheat Farmers (Razavieh Region, Khorasan-E-Razavi Province, Iran)
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sookhtanlo,   Mojtaba; Sarani,   Valiollah.
The main purpose of this study was to analyze the Factors Affecting on risk management in wheat production among farmers of Razavieh region (Khorasan-E-Razavi province, Iran). Statistical population of the study was 1520 farmers that they had water cultivation. By using of stratified proportional random sampling 156 respondents were selected from 8 villages. For the calculation of the risk-aversion coefficient degree among farmers, the Safety First Rule model was used. The findings revealed that the dominant respondents (65%) were risk-averse. The results of exploratory factorial analysis showed that five factors determined about 74.267 % from total variance for wheat farmers' risk management that consist of: economy &amp; marketing management factor,...
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Wheat farmers; Risk-aversion; Risk management; Drought; Agricultural extension; Farm Management; Risk and Uncertainty; GA; IN.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/120238

Innovations in Insuring the Poor
Provedor de dados: 31
Innovations in Insuring the Poor: Overview, by Ruth Vargas Hilland Maximo Torero; Risk, Poverty, and Insurance, by Stefan Dercon; Microinsurance for Health and Agricultural Risks, by Richard Leftley; Sustainability and Scalability of Index-Based Insurance for Agriculture and Rural Livelihoods, by Ulrich Hess and Peter Hazell; Intelligent Design of Index Insurance for Smallholder Farmers and Pastoralists, by Michael R. Carter; Experience with Weather Index-based Insurance in India and Malawi, by Xavier Gine; Providing Weather Index and Indemnity Insurance in Ethiopia, by Eyob Meherette; Index-based Livestock Insurance in Mongolia, by Oliver Mahul, Nathan Belete, and Andrew Goodland; Health Insurance for the Rural Poor: Evidence from Cambodia, by David I....
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Poverty; Health risks; Welfare; Income growth; Poor households; Agricultural risks; Financial instruments; Social protection policies; Drought; Flood; Food Security and Poverty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59689

The Impact of Weather Extremes on Agricultural Production Methods: Does Drought Increase Adoption of Conservation Tillage Practices?
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Ding,   Ya; Schoengold,   Karina; Tadesse,   Tsegaye.
The paper combines panel data techniques with spatial analysis to measure the impact of extreme weather events on the adoption of conservation tillage. Zellner’s SUR technique is extended to spatial panel data to correct for cross-sectional heterogeneity, spatial autocorrelation, and contemporaneous correlation. Panel data allow the identification of differences in adoption rates. The adoption of no-till, other conservation tillage, and reduced-till are estimated relative to conventional tillage. Extremely dry conditions in recent years increase the adoption of other conservation tillage practices, while spring floods in the year of production reduce the use of no-till practices.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Conservation tillage; Drought; Panel data; Technology adoption; Weather extremes; Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57631

Early indicators of the extent of climate change on Australian farms
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Crean,   Jason; Parton,   Kevin A.; Hayman,   Peter; Mullen,   John D.
More research is needed before we know the implications of climate change for Australian farms. Nevertheless given the information at hand, an assessment can be made of some early indicators. First, the severity of the recent drought was compared with earlier droughts. Second, the trend in rainfall was examined. Third, projections of climate change were reviewed to assess the likely course of climate variability, and hence provide a picture of the severity of future droughts. Although further research is warranted, the indications are that even if rainfall is no lower in future droughts, they may seem more severe because rising temperatures will tend to increase evaporation and reduce runoff.
Tipo: Article
Palavras-chave: Drought; Climate change; Climate variability; Farming; Farm Management.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/121496

Influence of Climate Variability on the Market Price of Water in the Gila-San Francisco Basin
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Pullen,   Jennifer L.; Colby,   Bonnie G.
Emerging water markets in the western United States have slowly developed as usage patterns have changed over time.  This article develops an econometric model for the Gila-San Francisco Basin.  Results indicate the market price of water has risen in response to drought and market conditions.  Analysis shows a statistically significant relationship between the price and quantity of water transferred, year the transaction occurred, location where the transaction occurred, new use of the water right, and whether the transaction occurred during a drought year.  Using the Standard Precipitation Index, we find negotiated prices are higher during dry years.
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Drought; Econometrics; Hedonic; Market price; Palmer Hydrological Drought Index; Standard Precipitation Index; Water; Western United States; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/46568

The Transformation of the Afar Commons in Ethiopia: State Coercion, Diversification, and Property Rights Change among Pastoralists
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Hundie,   Bekele; Padmanabhan,   Martina Aruna.
The major economic activity for pastoralists is animal husbandry. The harsh environment in which herders raise their livestock requires constant mobility to regulate resource utilization via a common property regime. In contrast to the mobile way of life characterizing pastoralism, agriculture as a sedentary activity is only marginally present in the lowlands of the Afar regional state in Ethiopia. Nevertheless, this study reveals a situation where the traditional land–use arrangements in Afar are being transformed due to the introduction of farming. In the past, the Imperial and the Socialist governments introduced large–scale agriculture in a coercive manner, thereby instigating massive resistance from the pastoralists. Currently, the recurrence of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Traditional property rights; Pastoralists; Introduction of farming; Common property; Drought; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/44360

Is Value Addition in Honey a Panacea for Poverty Reduction in the ASAL in Africa? Empirical Evidence from Baringo District, Kenya
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Berem,   Risper M.; Obare,   Gideon A.; Owuor,   George.
Using survey data from 110 randomly selected honey producers from two divisions in Baringo this paper analyzes the constraints and drivers of value addition in honey, an economic activity with a potential to improve household livelihoods but whose development has remained rudimentary. Baringo District undergoes frequent and prolonged drought that impacts on household livelihood assets. The livelihoods have traditionally been agro-based but due to variations in climatic conditions, crop production has been very low. Livestock production has also been adversely affected by these trends, leaving honey production as a viable alternative for smallholder farmers since it is less dependent on, or affected by climatic variations and is not resource intensive. This...
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Value addition; Poverty reduction; Drought; ASAL; Africa; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96163

Anticipating and Responding to Drought Emergencies in Southern Africa: Lessons from the 2002-2003 Experience
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Tschirley,   David L.; Nijhoff,   Jan J.; Arlindo,   Pedro; Mwiinga,   Billy; Weber,   Michael T.; Jayne,   Thomas S.
This paper examines the efficiency and effectiveness of emergency response in southern Africa through the lens of the 2002/03 food crisis in the region. The authors outline improvements in information and operational procedures needed to enhance the response to future events. They also discuss national and regional trade regime changes that would reduce the need for emergency response, and consider what lessons the 2002/03 crisis may have for the role of Strategic Grain Reserves (SGRs).
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Food security; Drought; Emergency; Southern Africa; Food Security and Poverty; Q18.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/54564

Robbing Yadullah’s water to irrigate Saeid’s garden: hydrology and water rights in a village of Central Iran
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Molle,   Francois; Mamanpoush,   Alireza; Miranzadeh,   Mokhtar.
This report provides a case study from the province of Esfahan, in central Iran, describing the struggle of a village to secure the water resources without which local agriculture, and altogether life in the village, would be impossible. It illustrates the endless ingenuity of farmers in their quest for water, how land and water rights have developed, how various legal repertoires may conflict with one another, and how the intervention of the state transformed the wider hydrological cycle of the valley and affected the delicate equilibrium between population and resources that had prevailed until then. The report estimates the costs of accessing one cubic meter from each of these different sources and shows how political interventions or drought mitigation...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Water allocation; Water rights; Irrigation management; Drought; Wells; Dams; Canals; Legal aspects; Villages; Iran; Zayandeh Rud Basin; Jalalabad; Najafabad; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Public Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/53063

Stabilization of Upland Agriculture under El Nino-Induced Climatic Risks: Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures in Papua New Guinea
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bang,   Sergie K.; Poloma,   Spencer; Allen,   Bryant J.
In 1997, a drought associated with a severe ENSO (El Nino-Southern Oscillation) event was the cause of significant disruptions to village food and water supplies in PNG, as well as the failure of the water supply to towns and smaller service centres, mine closures and disruption to the supply of electricity. There were severe shortages of food and water, with garden produce declining by 80 per cent. Up to 40 per cent of the rural population (1.2 million people) were without locally available food by the end of 1997. The health of rural people declined and in many isolated places the mortality rate increased. Many thousands of people migrated to towns and cities to live with wage-earning relatives. A traditional social support system (known as the wantok...
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Climatic change; Food production; Drought; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32726

Mapping drought patterns and impacts: a global perspective
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Eriyagama,   Nishadi; Smakhtin,   Vladimir U.; Gamage,   Nilantha.
The study examines the global pattern and impacts of droughts through mapping several drought-related characteristics - either at a country level or at regular grid scales. It appears that arid and semi-arid areas also tend to have a higher probability of drought occurrence. It is illustrated that the African continent is lagging behind the rest of the world on many indicators related to drought-preparedness and that agricultural economies, overall, are much more vulnerable to adverse societal impacts of meteorological droughts. The study also examines the ability of various countries to satisfy their water needs during droughts using storage-related indices.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Drought; Impact assessment; Indicators; Hydrology; Mapping; Climate change; River basins; Dams; Water scarcity; Disasters; Risks; Precipitation; Runoff; Soil degradation; Agricultural and Food Policy; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57027

Poverty reduction through improved agricultural water management; Proceedings of the Workshop on Pro-poor Intervention Strategies in Irrigated Agriculture in Asia Islamabad, Pakistan, 23-24 April 2003
Provedor de dados: 31
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Water management; Irrigated farming; Poverty; Food security; Households; Income; Drought; Forest policy; Natural disasters; Land ownership; Groundwater; Water market; Water balance; Legislation; Tube wells; Institutional development; Crop production; Wages; Economic aspects; Tillage; Water harvesting; Public policy; Surface water; Labor; Exports; Public sector; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Farm Management; Financial Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Public Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/118414

Developing effective institutions for water resources management:  A case study in the Deduru Oya Basin, Sri Lanka
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Somaratne,   Pallewatte G.; Jinapala,   Kiribandage; Perera,   L.R.; Ariyaratne,   Badugodahewa Ranjith; Bandaragoda,   Don Jayatissa; Makin,   I.W.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: River basins; Water resource management; Water lifting; Wells; Domestic water; Population; Economic aspects; Income; Irrigation programs; Institutions; Policy; Groundwater; Agricultural development; Fish farming; Pumps; Ecology; Water supply; Drought; Poverty; Land use; Water scarcity; Natural resources; Agricultural production; Cropping systems; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Consumer/Household Economics; Crop Production/Industries; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Land Economics/Use; Political Economy; Production Economics; Public Economics; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/92665

Indigenous Drought Coping Strategies and Risk Management against El Nino in Papua New Guinea
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Bang,   Sergie K.; Sitango,   Kud.
In this phase, a study was conducted on the institutional preparedness to cope with future el nino-induced risks on agriculture. Although people suffered shortages of food and water, each community had various coping strategies. This paper documents the indigenous coping strategies used by people in six worst affected districts in the highlands and lowlands of PNG.
Tipo: Report
Palavras-chave: Drought; Indigenous knowledge; Environmental Economics and Policy.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/32687

The Green Revolution in Zimbabwe
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Alumira,   Jane; Rusike,   Joseph.
This paper presents a historical overview of plant breeding research, variety release and seed supply of staple food grains in Zimbabwe, and assesses the impacts of the new varieties on yields using national aggregate yield data. The paper also analyses farm-level factors determining farmers’ adoption decisions in the semi-arid areas, where the mini-green revolution lagged behind more favorable areas. The results indicate that the adoption of improved crop varieties will not lead to substantial yield gains unless improved soil management methods, such as application of manure and fertilizer, are also adopted..
Tipo: Journal Article
Palavras-chave: Green Revolution; Maize; Semi-arid areas; Soil fertility management; Drought; Zimbabwe; International Development.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/110144

Drought impacts and related risk management by smallholder farmers in developing countries: evidence from Awash River Basin, Ethiopia
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Murendo,   Conrad; Keil,   Alwin; Zeller,   Manfred.
Climate risk studies have largely neglected household coping and adaptation strategies. In this paper we analyze drought impacts, drought risk management, and resulting drought resilience in Awash River Basin of Ethiopia based on socio-economic data collected from 43 randomly selected Peasant Associations. We find that severe drought periods have led to a significant depression of crop yields and to widespread death of livestock in the past. Drought periods have drastically increased the proportion of food insecure households and lengthened the duration of food insecurity in the area. Since, with climate change, drought periods are predicted to become more frequent in this region in the future, the problem of food insecurity is likely to become even more...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper
Palavras-chave: Drought; Drought risk management; Ethiopia; Environmental Economics and Policy; Production Economics; O13; Q12.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/114750

The Effects of Drought on Crop Yields and Yield Variability in Sahel
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Boubacar,   Inoussa.
Drought is widespread in Sahel, and its persistent occurrence has caused substantial damages to the agricultural sector. The severity of drought and the related damages to the agricultural sector are expected to increase due to global warming. In this paper, I examine the economic impacts of drought on Sahel agriculture. The maximum likelihood estimators of the Just-Pope stochastic production function indicate that the direction of the effects of climate variables is similar across crops, but their magnitudes differ. Specifically, drought as measured by a 6-month standardized precipitation index, poor rainfall spread, and degree-days have adverse effects on crop yields. The results are robust to alternative estimation methods.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Crop yields; Drought; Stochastic production model; Sahel; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; International Development; O13; O55; Q54.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/56322

Institutions under stress and people in distress: institution-building and drought in a new settlement scheme
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Merrey,   Douglas J.; Somaratne,   Pallewatte G.
This paper analyzes irrigation operational problems, and their institutional causes, on a new irrigation system in southern Sri Lanka, based on research during disastrous drought.  The authors offer a number of suggestions for improving the management of this system.
Tipo: Book
Palavras-chave: Institutional constraints; Institution building; Drought; Settlement patterns; Farmers associations; Water management; Institutional and Behavioral Economics.
Ano: 1989
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113954

WHAT DOES A DRY SEASON MEAN TO THE WESTERN AUSTRALIAN ECONOMY? A CGE INVESTIGATION
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Islam,   Nazrul.
In this paper, by applying a Computable General Equilibrium model for Western Australia (called WAG), the impact of the 2002 dry season on the State’s wider economy is quantitatively analysed. An estimate of 40 percent loss in the production of five major groups of agricultural commodities is simulated into the model. The model results show that the State’s economy-wide total production declines by 2.3 percent. In 2001-02 dollar terms this production decline is worth more than $2.5 billion. The gross state product (GSP) for WA declines by more than one percent. The total value of the State’s exports and employment decline by 5.2 and 1.7 percent respectively.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Agriculture; Drought; CGE model; Production Economics.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57895

Drought Risk and Drought Response in Morocco: Vulnerability, Risk Perceptions and Drought Coping Among Rainfed Cereal Farmers
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Lybbert,   Travis J.; Kusunose,   Yoko; Magnan,   Nicholas; Fadlaoui,   Abdelaziz.
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Drought; Coping; Vulnerability; Risk; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/49367

The persistence of drought impacts across growing seasons: a dynamic stochastic analysis
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Peck,   Dannele E.; Adams,   Richard M.
Agricultural producers throughout much of the United States experienced one of the most severe droughts in the last 100 years during the years 1999-2006.  The prolonged nature of this drought highlights a need to better understand the impacts and management of drought across growing seasons, rather than just within a growing season.  Producers express specific concern about the tendency of drought impacts to persist even after drought itself has subsided.  The persistence of drought impacts has received limited attention in the economics literature.  The objectives of this study are two-fold: 1) to determine whether inter-year dynamics, in the form of agronomic constraints and financial flows, can cause persistence of a drought's impact in years subsequent...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Drought; Preparedness; Response; Uncertainty; Dynamics; Discrete stochastic programming; Agriculture; Irrigation; Eastern Oregon; Row crops; Crop rotation; Crop Production/Industries; Risk and Uncertainty.
Ano: 2007
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9253

Science in Agricultural Relief and Development Programs:  The Case of Conservation Farming In Zimbabwe
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Mazvimavi,   Kizito; Twomlow,   Steve; Murendo,   Conrad; Musitini,   Tawedzegwa.
Drought is endemic to southern Africa. In Zimbabwe farmers have been experiencing drought once every two to three years. Relief agencies have traditionally responded to drought by providing farmers with enough seed and fertilizer to enable them to re-establish their cropping enterprises. But, in the absence of these interventions there are limited sustainable options for farmers to maintain higher productivity levels.  ICRISAT has been working with government, NGOs and the donor community to test more sustainable farming strategies that will increase food production levels even under drought conditions. For years, ICRISAT sought to develop more drought-tolerant varieties of sorghum, pearl millet and groundnut. But these offered only limited gains in...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation
Palavras-chave: Drought; Farmers; Relief; Zimbabwe; Agricultural and Food Policy; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Demand and Price Analysis; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; International Relations/Trade; Marketing; Productivity Analysis; Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies.
Ano: 2008
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/52129

IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND INTERNATIONAL PRICES UNCERTAINTY ON THE SUDANESE SORGHUM MARKET: A STOCHASTIC APPROACH
Provedor de dados: 31
Autores: Sassi,   Maria.
The paper simulates the possible sorghum price change and the related probability of occurrence under different rainfall scenarios and in a context of price uncertainty on international markets. The empirical investigation is based on the stochastic approach. Results underline an expected increase in sorghum price under the effect of the high level of uncertainty in precipitation and in international market price; the most intense likely change produced by the international market price of sorghum uncertainty; the need to overcome the agricultural view in policy making in order to include a market perspective.
Tipo: Presentation
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Drought; Food prices; Stochastic approach; Sudan; Environmental Economics and Policy; Q18; Q54.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/124111

Biometric Responses of Soybean to Different Potassium Fertilization Management Practices in Years with High and Low Precipitation
Provedor de dados: 90
Autores: Esper Neto,Michel; Minato,Evandro Antonio; Besen,Marcos Renan; Inoue,Tadeu Takeyoshi; Batista,Marcelo Augusto.
ABSTRACT Brazilian soybean producers commonly apply maintenance potassium (K) fertilization during cultivation to restore the K taken up by plants; however, this measure can modify the morphophysiological plant characteristics, since the functions of K are closely related with plant growth and development. This study assessed the morphological changes in soybean plants in response to K rates, sowing fertilization, and the application periods of K fertilization in a Latossolo Vermelho eutroférrico (Oxisol) under a no-tillage system, located in the municipality of Floresta, Paraná. A randomized block design was used in the experiment with four replications in a fully crossed factorial design (5 × 2 × 2). The experiment was carried out in two growing seasons...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Leaf area index; Correlation; Yield; Drought.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-06832018000100525

Water depths for different soybean cultivars in center pivot
Provedor de dados: 91
Autores: Gava,Ricardo; Lima,Sebastião F. de; Santos,Osvaldir F. dos; Anselmo,Jefferson L.; Cotrim,Mayara F.; Kühn,Irineu E.
ABSTRACT Reductions in soybean yields are mainly linked to the occurrence of dry spells, which are becoming more frequent due to climate change. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate soybean cultivars irrigated with different water depths under center pivot. The experiment was conducted during the 2014/15 growing season, under center-pivot irrigation in Chapadão do Sul, MS, Brazil. The design was a randomized block in split plot with four replicates, where plots consisted of 4 water depths (0, 50, 75 and 100% of crop evapotranspiration - ETc) and the subplots of 6 soybean cultivars (NA 5909 RR, DM 5958 IPRO, Anta 82 RR, M 7110 IPRO, Desafio RR, M 7739 IPRO). The cultivar Desafio RR was the one that best responded to irrigation, increasing yield to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Glycine max (L.) Merrill.; Drought; Water deficit.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662018000100010

Salicylic acid as attenuator of drought stress on germination and initial development of sesame
Provedor de dados: 91
Autores: Silva,Adriana C. da; Suassuna,Janivan F.; Melo,Alberto S. de; Costa,Rayssa R.; Andrade,Wellerson L. de; Silva,Duval C. da.
ABSTRACT Sesame is an important crop in Northeast Brazil, where climate conditions require adapted genotypes and alternatives for plant defense against drought. This study aimed to evaluate the salicylic acid as drought attenuator in sesame genotypes. The experiment evaluated six genotypes (BRS Seda, CNPA-G2, CNPA-G3, CNPA-G4, LAG-Branquinha and LAG-Pretinha), five osmotic potentials (0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6 and -0.8 MPa) and three seed treatments (soaking in distilled water, in salicylic acid and no treatment). CNPA-G4 is tolerant to drought in the germination stage. Salicylic acid at 10-5 M induced tolerance to drought stress in sesame, but it is necessary to test other concentrations.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Sesamum indicum L.; Drought; Tolerance promotion.
Ano: 2017
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662017000300156

Changes in osmoregulatory metabolism of cotton genotypes during water deficit and recovery period
Provedor de dados: 91
Autores: Macêdo,Érika C. F. de; Zonta,João H.; Melo,Yuri L.; Melo,Alberto S. de; Silva,Duval C. da; Andrade,Wellerson L. de.
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in osmoregulatory metabolism of cotton genotypes subjected to water deficit and recovery period. In a greenhouse, six cotton genotypes and two water managements were combined in a 6 x 2 factorial scheme, in a completely randomized design, evaluated after 14 and 22 days under water stress and recovery conditions, respectively. The water status, growth indicators and compatible solutes in the leaves were evaluated. The genotypes BRS Seridó, BRS Aroeira and BRS 7MH withstand better the stress condition because they had lower variations in their water potentials due to the osmotic adjustment and maintained their growth under water deficit conditions. The BRS 286 is the most sensitive genotype to the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Gossypium hirsutum L.; Osmotic adjustment; Compatible osmolytes; Drought.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-43662019000800607

ESTABLISHMENT OF YOUNG “DWARF GREEN” COCONUT PLANTS IN SOIL AFFECTED BY SALTS AND UNDER WATER DEFICIT
Provedor de dados: 94
Autores: SILVA,ALEXANDRE REUBER ALMEIDA DA; BEZERRA,FRANCISCO MARCUS LIMA; LACERDA,CLAUDIVAN FEITOSA DE; ARAÚJO,MARIA EMÍLIA BEZERRA DE; LIMA,RONNEY MENDES MAGALHÃES DE; SOUZA,CARLOS HENRIQUE CARVALHO.
ABSTRACT  The aim was to analyze the establishment of young “Green Dwarf” coconut plants in soils affected by salts and under water stress, by evaluating leaf area, biomass production and allocation. In the experiment, conducted in protected environment in Fortaleza, CE, in statistical design of randomized blocks in a split plot arrangement, the effects of different water deficit levels (plots) were evaluated, by imposing different percentages of replacement of water losses by potential crop evapotranspiration - ETpc (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100%), associated with subplots consisting of increasing soil salinity levels (1.72, 6.25, 25.80 and 40.70 dS m-1) provided by soil collected at different parts of the Morada Nova Irrigated Perimeter - PIMN. Leaf area and...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cocos nucifera L.; Initial growth; Multiple stresses; Salinity; Drought.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-29452016000303001

Critical periods of sorghum and palisadegrass in intercropped cultivation for climatic risk zoning
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Lima,Nino Rodrigo Cabral de Barros; Santos,Patricia Menezes; Mendonça,Fernando Campos; Araujo,Leandro Coelho de.
The objective of this work was to define critical periods for sorghum and palisadegrass cultivated on crop-livestock integrated systems under water deficit. An experiment was carried out in a completely random block design with four treatments (control and interruption of water supply in three periods) and three replicates. Water supply was interrupted until soil water humidity was close to permanent wilting point at the phases: germination of palisadegrass seeds; start of tillering of palisadegrass and initiation of panicles of shorghum; start of shorghum flowering. Water deficit starting at palisadegrass germination delayed intital development of the plants because of the reduction in tillering. Water restriction at panicle initiation phase and at...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Abiotic stress; Brachiaria brizantha; Crop-livestock integrated systems; Drought.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982011000700008

Establishment of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, under levels of soil water availability in stages of growth of the plants
Provedor de dados: 96
Autores: Araujo,Leandro Coelho de; Santos,Patrícia Menezes; Mendonça,Fernando Campos; Mourão,Gerson Barreto.
The objective of this work was to evaluate yield traits and development of palisadegrass under the influence of water deficit during the establishment period. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, in a completely random block statistical design in a factorial arrangement and additional treatment (3 × 3 + 1). The treatments referred to the suppression of irrigation at different phases of the establishment (sowing, germination and initial tillerring) until the soil presented water content of 75%, 50%, and 25% of the moisture related to field capacity (qFC), besides control treatment with no water restriction. Evaluations of number of grown tillers per vase, green leaves per tiller and plant height were carried out weekly, for five weeks after the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Biomass; Drought; Palisadegrass; Tillering; Water deficit.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982011000700002

Morphological and growth responses to water stress of two sub-populations of Bromus pictus from soils with contrasting water availability
Provedor de dados: 97
Autores: ROTUNDO,JOSÉ L; CIPRIOTTI,PABLO A; GUNDEL,PEDRO E.
We studied morphological and growth responses to drought of two sub-populations of Bromus pictus from communities with soils with different water availability from the Patagonian steppe. After a process of acclimatization common to both sub-populations, individuals from both sub-populations were subjected to three levels of water availability during 44 days. Independently of the water availability treatment, the sub-population from the community of high soil water availability showed higher aboveground relative growth rate (RGR) and higher leaf size (area and weight) compared to the sub-population from the community of low soil water availability. These results prove the expected evolution of higher growth rates and leaf sizes in resource rich...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Arid lands; Drought; Ecotypes; Genetic variation; Soil depth.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2006000100006

Growth and early seedling survival of four Atacama Desert shrub species under experimental light and water availability regimes
Provedor de dados: 97
Autores: Carvajal,Danny E; Loayza,Andrea P; López,Ramiro P; Toro,Pablo J; Squeo,Francisco A.
BACKGROUND: In arid environments, where light and water supply are patchy in space and time, differences in how seedlings tolerate drought and shade conditions will determine the ability of a species to establish. Understanding seedling responses to the interactive effects of water and shade is critical to predict the future impact of increasing drought frequencies on plant communities across many arid ecosystems of the world. In this study, we used an experimental field approach to assess how different light (15%, 75%, and 95%) and water (natural rainfall (NR), NR +50 mm, NR +100 mm) levels affect seedling survival and growth of four Atacama Desert shrub species (Calliandra chilensis, Encella canescens, Proustia cuneifolia, and Senna cumingii). We...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Seedling establishment; Facilitation; Drought; Atacama Desert.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-078X2014000100025

Effects of ascorbic acid on the germination and vigour of cowpea seeds under water stress
Provedor de dados: 124
Autores: Nunes,Luma Rayane de Lima; Pinheiro,Paloma Rayane; Silva,João Batista da; Dutra,Alek Sandro.
ABSTRACT Water is one of the most compromising factors in the germination and initial growth of seedlings, where its restriction causes a reduction in the water potential of cells in addition to causing oxidative stress. Ascorbic acid (AsA) is known to protect organelles and cells against the accumulation of ROS. The aim of this work was to study the effects of ascorbic acid on the conditioning of cowpea seeds subjected to water stress. The seeds of the BRS Marataoã and Setentão genotypes were conditioned at a concentration of 0.0 (control), 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00 mM AsA, and sown on paper rolls (Germitest®) moistened with mannitol solution at a potential of 0.0 (control), -0.3, -0.6, -0.9 and -1.2 MPa, and stored in a germination chamber (BOD) at 25...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Vigna unguiculata L.; Oxidative stress; Drought.
Ano: 2020
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1806-66902020000200407

Climate change and adaptive strategies in Brazil: the economic effects of genetic breeding
Provedor de dados: 123
Autores: Pires,Marcel Viana; Cunha,Dênis Antônio da.
Plant breeding through the development of seeds resistant to water stress or high temperature is an important adaptive strategy to cope climate change. In this way, by providing an analysis of adaptation to climate change using genetic breeding on Brazilian farms, this work aims to investigate how climate change will affect the adoption of genetic breeding and profitability of farmers. Temperature and rainfall projections for 2010-2099 time periods were used, considering different climate scenarios (A1B and A2), according to the 4th Assessment Report of IPCC (2007). A Treatment Effects model outlines the analytical framework in this study. Our results indicate the probability of adopting transgenic seeds will grow from 74% in the current period to 86% in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate change; Adaptation; Breeding; Seeds; Drought; Heat.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-20032014000400001

Combined effects of water status and iron deficiency chlorosis on grape composition in non-irrigated vineyards
Provedor de dados: 63
Autores: González,María-Rosa; Hailemichael,Girma; Catalina,Álvaro; Martín,Pedro.
ABSTRACT: Although water deficit and iron deficiency chlorosis are common environmental stresses in the Mediterranean area, few data are reported in the literature on their effects on vineyards, when acting simultaneously. The main objective of this research was to study the combined effects of iron deficiency and water status on vigor, yield and fruit composition in rainfed vineyards. Moreover, the investigation aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using foliar chlorophyll content (Chl) and predawn leaf water potential (LWP), measured at veraison, to assess potential quality of grapes in the framework of precision viticulture. For this, 24 non-irrigated ‘Tempranillo’ vineyard subzones were monitored in Ribera del Duero (North-Central Spain) during three...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Vitis vinifera L.; Chlorophyll; Drought; Leaf area index; Stress.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162019001600473

Growth of provenances of Cryptocarya alba during water stress and after re–watering in the nursery
Provedor de dados: 63
Autores: Meza,Sergio Enrique Espinoza; Arce,Marco Aliro Yáñez; Díaz,Carlos Renato Magni; Herrera,Eduardo Enrique Martínez; Ortega,Juan Francisco Ovalle; Miranda,Suraj Antonio Vaswani.
ABSTRACT: Intensification of drought in Mediterranean–type climates has limited seedling establishment. The knowledge of the ecology of selected species and its intraspecific variation to water stress at the seedling stage should be considered in order to overcome limitations. We investigated variations in growth, survival, and leaf–level physiology in four provenances of the endemic Cryptocarya alba (Mol.) during water stress and after re–watering. Seedlings were cultured in the nursery during 23 months and then subjected to two watering treatments based on soil water content (well–watered and water restriction, 0.38 and 0.17 cm3 cm−3, respectively) for 45 days. At the end of the watering treatments, seedling growth, above– and belowground biomass,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Sclerophyllus forests; Seed sources; Drought; Plasticity; Biomass allocation.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162021000701002

Biochemical and physiological responses of sugarcane cultivars to soil water deficiencies
Provedor de dados: 63
Autores: Queiroz,Rafaela Josemara Barbosa; Santos,Durvalina Maria Mathias dos; Ferraudo,Antonio Sergio; Carlin,Samira Domingues; Silva,Marcelo de Almeida.
For sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) crops, the effects of an environmental stress, especially water deficiency, may cause severe productivity reduction, inferring negatively in the sugarcane industry. The tolerance of two sugarcane cultivars to a lack of water was made by analyzing the levels of the osmoprotectors, trehalose and free proline, and the biometrical variables of their initial growth. Biochemical and physiological responses of the cultivars, when subjected to water stress, were assayed to determine how these plants tolerate drought. The study was conducted in an acclimatized greenhouse (29.7 ± 4.3ºC and 75.0 ± 10.1% relative humidity) during 100 days and was divided into random blocks using a factorial 2 × 3 × 2 design (sugarcane cultivars × water...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Saccharum spp; Drought; Trehalose; Proline; Initial growth.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-90162011000400012

การประเมินการรั่วไหลของสารอิเล็กโทรไลต์ และระดับมาลอนไดแอลดีไฮด์ของใบอ้อย 10 สายพันธุ์ ภายใต้สภาวะขาดน้ำ
Provedor de dados: 106
Autores: Nisachon Jangpromma; Prasit Jaisil; Patcharin Songsri; Prasan Swatsitang; Sakda Daduang; Sompong Thammasirirak.
Water-deficit stress is a major abiotic stress that causes severe limitations on the productivity of sugarcane. To overcome of this problem, drought tolerance sugarcane cultivars should be developed and selected for planting. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the variation of electrolyte leakage (EL) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content of sugarcane leaves under water-deficit stress conditions. The greenhouse experiment was conducted using two water regimes as the first factor [(i) well-watered and (ii) stressed at 90 to 100 days after planting (DAP) and recovery 100 to 110 DAP] and 10 sugarcane cultivars (Uthong 6, Khon Kaen 80, Khon Kaen 3, K86-161, 03-4-425, KU60-1, B34-164, Phill 66-07, Uthong 2 and LF82-2122) as the second factor. A 2 × 10 factorial...
Tipo: Collection
Palavras-chave: Drought; Lipid peroxidation; Saccharum officinarum; อ้อย; สายพันธุ์; ใบ; ปฏิกิริยาออกซิเดชันของไขมัน; สภาวะ-ขาดน้ำ; สารอิเล็กโทรไลต์; มาลอนไดแอลดีไฮด์; การรั่วไหลของสาร; เยื่อหุ้มเซลล์.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5318

การศึกษาและประเมินผลโครงการศูนย์ข้าวโพดชุมชน ปี 2544/45
Provedor de dados: 106
Autores: Narong Wuttiwan.
1 table
Palavras-chave: Corn; Maize; Hybrids; Yields; Quality; Drought; Aflatoxins; Farm machinery; Community center project; ข้าวโพด; โครงการศูนย์ข้าวโพดชุมชน; ผลผลิต; คุณภาพ; เครื่องจักรกลเกษตร; อะฟลาทอกซิน.
Ano: 2003
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/4562

การปรับปรุงพันธุ์ข้าวทนแล้งสำหรับข้าวนาน้ำฝนภาคตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ
Provedor de dados: 106
Autores: ฺฺBoonrat Jongdee; Kriengkrai Puntuwan; Thidarat Kammon; Shu Fukai; Suwat Jeerakongmun.
Tipo: Collection
Palavras-chave: Drought; Aerobic; Anaerobic; Breeding; Rainfed lowland rice; Northeast Thailand; ข้าว; สภาพน้ำไม่ขัง; สภาพน้ำขัง; การปรับปรุงพันธุ์; ความทนแล้ง; นาน้ำฝน; ศักยภาพการให้ผลผลิต; ภาคตะวันออกเฉียงเหนือ.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://anchan.lib.ku.ac.th/agnet/handle/001/5220

Establishment of drought screening protocols for rice under field conditions
Provedor de dados: 109
Autores: Sakai,Tomoko; Duque,Myriam Cristina; Vallejo Cabrera,Franco Alirio; Martínez,César Pompilio; Ishitani,Manabu.
Protocols were established for screening rice genotypes for tolerance to water-limited conditions under field conditions. These protocols were successfully used to select the best genotypes for further experiments. Rice genotypes responded differently when subjected to water-limited conditions. Experiments conducted under field conditions indicated that rice genotypes Curinga and CT6241 performed much better in terms of grain yield under water-limited conditions than varieties Azucena, Nerica, CICA8 and Palmar. Curinga, CT6241, CICA8 and Palmar were selected for further studies. The first two genotypes are tolerant and whereas the last two are susceptible to water stress.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Rice; Oryza; Drought; Yield; Yield components.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0120-28122010000300009

Fine-root production in two secondary forest sites with distinct ages in Eastern Amazon
Provedor de dados: 36
Autores: Lima,Tâmara Thaiz Santana; Miranda,Izildinha Souza; Vasconcelos,Steel Silva.
The objective of this work was to assess the fine-root (≤ 2 mm diameter) production dynamics of two forest regrowths at different ages. Fine-root production was monitored by the ingrowth core method in one 18-year-old site (2 ha) and one 10-year-old site (0.5 ha), both localized in the Apeú region, Northern Pará State, Brazil. The sites were abandoned after successive shifting cultivation, beginning in 1940. Monthly production of live fine-root was similar between sites and was influenced by rainfall seasonality, with higher production during the dry season than the wet season for mass and length. However, mortality in terms of mass was higher in the 10-year-old site than in the 18-year-old site. The seasonality influenced mortality only in the 18-year old...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Drought; Root biomass; Seasonality; Succession; Tropical forest.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672012000100012

The drought of the century in the Amazon Basin: an analysis of the regional variation of rainfall in South America in 1926
Provedor de dados: 36
Autores: Williams,Earle; Dall' Antonia,Alaor; Dall' Antonia,Vitoria; Almeida,Jorge Mathias de; Suarez,Francisco; Liebmann,Brant; Malhado,Ana Claudia Mendes.
The most severe drought in tropical South America during the 20th century occurred in 1926. This extreme El Nino year is further documented anecdotally, in an update of the river stage observations at Manaus, and in annual rainfall records. The annual rainfall anomaly is an east-west dipole over tropical South America, with drought to the west over the Amazon basin whose discharge is documented at Manaus, and with a surplus to the east and including the Nordeste region of Brazil. Speculations about a role for aerosol in aggravating the drought are discussed.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Rainfall; Climatic history; Drought.
Ano: 2005
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672005000200013

Hydroclimatic variables associated with El Nino and La Nina events at the Curuá-Una hydroelectric reservoir, Central Amazonia
Provedor de dados: 36
Autores: VALE,Roseilson Souza do; GOMES,Ana Carla dos Santos; SANTANA,Raoni Aquino Silva de; TÓTA,Júlio; MILLER,Scott Dennis; SOUSA,Rodrigo Augusto Ferreira de.
ABSTRACT The anomalies of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) influence rainfall and therefore the regime of the rise and fall in the level of the rivers in the Amazon region. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on hydroclimatic variables and identify the existence of trends on these variables in the Curuá-Una hydroelectric reservoir in the West of the State of Pará. It was used 27 years of monthly precipitation and water flow data to identify possible trends using a non-parametric test (Mann Kendall, p&lt;0.05), and the standardized precipitation index (SPI) was also calculated. The results indicate a positive tendency of the influence of the ENSO on hydroclimatic variables, although it was observed...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Drought; Precipitation; SPI; Level.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0044-59672016000300303

Fructan dynamics in the underground organs of Chresta exsucca (Asteraceae), a dry season flowering species
Provedor de dados: 39
Autores: Santos,Camila Silva dos; Abraão,Cinara Ferreira; Moraes,Moemy Gomes de.
ABSTRACT Climatic seasonality has an influence on the phenology of native Cerrado plants. Herbs and subshrubs tend to flower in the rainy season, although some species of these habits flower in the dry season. Reserve carbohydrates, stored in the underground organs, are used to support phases of high energy-demand, but also may protect plants from damage during periods of environmental limitation. In this study we evaluated variation in fructan levels in the underground organs of field-grown plants of Chresta exsucca among different phenological phases. Chresta exsucca flowers in the dry season and possesses a diffuse underground system, which stores inulin-type fructans. Resprouting was continual during the sampling period. Oligosaccharide content was...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Cerrado; Drought; Inulin; Non-structural carbohydrate; Phenology.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062018000100070

Structural features of species of Asteraceae that arouse discussions about adaptation to seasonally dry environments of the Neotropics
Provedor de dados: 39
Autores: Ferraro,Alexandre; Scremin-Dias,Edna.
ABSTRACT Seasonally-dry environments of the Neotropics, such as the South American Chaco, exert selective pressures on vegetation through a pronounced water deficit. We describe the underground system and leaf anatomy of three species of Asteraceae from the Brazilian portion of the Chaco (Pterocaulon purpurascens Malme, Wedelia trichostephia DC., and Pectis gardneri Baker), aiming to describe their structural and adaptive features using standard plant anatomy techniques. Pterocaulon purpurascens and W. trichostephia exhibited slightly thickened xylopodia, with gemmiferous character and self-grafted stem shoots; Pectis gardneri displayed a slightly-thickened tuberous root with storage substances. Longitudinal sequences of cells with highly thickened walls...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Asteroideae; Drought; Steppic savanna; Underground systems; Water stress; Xylopodia.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062018000100113

The Water Deficit of Evapotranspiration Covers on Potash Tailing Piles Using CropWat
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Bilibio, Carolina; Hensel, Oliver.
Evapotranspiration covers are key to minimizing water percolation in waste systems. On potash tailings piles, evapotranspiration covers are important because they may decrease the leaching of brines generated from precipitation erosion. Considering this, the water deficit of four different potash tailings piles covering materials were evaluated using the CropWat model. This study was based on a lysimeter experiment carried out in Heringen, Germany. The experiment consisted of 4 different technogenic substrates made of municipal incineration wastes and coal combustion residues covered with a mixture of perennial grasses. By using the FAO CropWat model, the effective precipitation, crop evapotranspiration, actual evapotranspiration and the water deficit were...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Effective precipitation; Drought; Perennial ryegrass; Lysimeters; Crop coefficient.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/6327

Near future prediction of rainfall distribution pattern by Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Interference System in Central Java, Indonesia
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Nurrohman, Reza Kusuma; Nugroho, Bayu Dwi Apri; Sudira, Putu; Ngadisih, Ngadisih; Murtiningrum, Murtiningrum.
Rainfall distribution pattern is very important for sustainable production in the agricultural sector in Tropical region. The near future rainfall amount under changing climate was predicted from 2009 to 2028 by Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), which was trained with the rainfall observation data from 1979 to 2013, spatiotemporally in the Central Java Province, Indonesia. Our analysis showed that the predicted rainfall data using ANFIS can represent actual rainfall conditions. Rainfall predicted from 2009 – 2028 in Central Java will experience a decrease in high rainfall in an area of 1615125,2 hectare, which can cause drought. The area that predicted to experience drought in the future are Kebumen, Jepara, Pati, Rembang, Kudus, Grobogan,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Climate Change; Rainfall Pattern; ANFIS; Drought; Central Java.
Ano: 2021
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/6461

Improving drought tolerance of quinoa plant by foliar treatment of trehalose
Provedor de dados: 111
Autores: Dawood, Mona Gergis.
Two field experiments were conducted during two successive seasons (2014/2015 and 2015/2016) at the Experimental Station of National Research Centre, Nubaria district, Beheira Governorate, Egypt, to study the effect of foliar treatment of quinoa plants with trehalose (Tre) (100µM and 500µM) on growth, photosynthetic pigments, seed yield quantity &amp; quality, in fever of nutritional and antioxidant compounds in the yielded quinoa seeds which subjected to water deficiency (skipping two irrigation times at 50 &amp; 60 days after sowing). Water deficiency caused marked decreases in quinoa plant growth parameters (shoot height, fresh and dry weights of shoot/plant) and photosynthetic pigments with marked increases in root growth parameters (root length, fresh...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antioxidant activity; Drought; Flavonoids; Oil; Phenolics; Protein; Quinoa; Trehalose.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/4539

Groundwater resources in Brazil: a review of possible impacts caused by climate change
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: Hirata,Ricardo; Conicelli,Bruno P.
Groundwater has a strategic role in times of climate change mainly because aquifers can provide water for long periods, even during very long and severe drought. The reduction and/or changes on the precipitation pattern can diminish the recharge mainly in unconfined aquifer, causing available groundwater restriction. The expected impact of long-term climate changes on the Brazilian aquifers for 2050 will lead to a severe reduction in 70% of recharge in the Northeast region aquifers (comparing to 2010 values), varying from 30% to 70% in the North region. Data referring to the South and Southeast regions are more favorable, with an increase in the relative recharge values from 30% to 100%. Another expected impact is the increase in demand and the decrease in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Drought; Groundwater; Aquifer recharge; Integrated use of water; Water resources management.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652012000200006

Chlorophyll fluorescence varies more across seasons than leaf water potential in drought-prone plants
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: ROSADO,BRUNO H.P.; MATTOS,EDUARDO A. DE.
ABSTRACT Among the effects of environmental change, the intensification of drought events is noteworthy, and tropical vegetation is predicted to be highly vulnerable to it. However, it is not clear how tropical plants in drought-prone habitats will respond to this change. In a coastal sandy plain environment, we evaluated the response of six plant species to water deficits across seasons, the relationship between their morpho-physiological traits, and which traits would be the best descriptors of plants' response to drought. Regardless of leaf succulence and phenology, responses between seasons were most strongly related to chlorophyll fluorescence. In this study we have demonstrated that a better comprehension of how tropical species from drought-prone...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Drought; Functional traits; Plant-water relations; Photoinhibition; Seasonal habitats.
Ano: 2016
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652016000200549

Climatic characteristics of the 2010-2016 drought in the semiarid Northeast Brazil region
Provedor de dados: 42
Autores: MARENGO,JOSÉ A.; ALVES,LINCOLN M.; ALVALA,REGINA C.S; CUNHA,ANA PAULA; BRITO,SHEILA; MORAES,OSVALDO L.L.
ABSTRACT This study discusses the climatological aspects of the most severe drought ever recorded in the semiarid region Northeast Brazil. Droughts are recurrent in the region and while El Nino has driven some of these events others are more dependent on the tropical North Atlantic sea surface temperature fields. The drought affecting this region during the last 5 years shows an intensity and impact not seen in several decades in the regional economy and society. The analysis of this event using drought indicators as well as meteorological fields shows that since the middle 1990s to 2016, 16 out of 25 years experienced rainfall below normal. This suggests that the recent drought may have in fact started in the middle-late 1990s, with the intense droughts...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Drought; Northeast Brazil; Rainfall; Water deficit; El Nino; Vulnerability.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652018000501973

Seed germination of Agave species as influenced by substrate water potential
Provedor de dados: 48
Autores: Ramírez-Tobías,Hugo M; Peña-Valdivia,Cecilia B; Trejo,Carlos; R,J Rogelio Aguirre; Humberto Vaquera,H.
BACKGROUND: Plants of Agave spp. perform Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) and are highly drought-tolerant, but little is known concerning seed germination under low water availability. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of substrate water potential (&amp;#936;W) on seed germination and contrast hydrotime parameters of seven valuable and commercially-important Agave species from different geographical distributions and climatic regions of Mexico. Our hypothesis was that seed germination of Agave species is not affected by low water availability independently of seed biomass and the climate of their distribution area. RESULTS: Seed germination (at 25°C and in the dark) between 85 and 100% for all species occurred within 80 - 180 h at -0.03 MPa...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Base water potential; CAM; Drought; Germination; Hydrotime model; Maguey.
Ano: 2014
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602014000100011

The Relationship between Leaf Rolling and Ascorbate-Glutathione Cycle Enzymes in Apoplastic and Symplastic Areas of Ctenanthe setosa Subjected to Drought Stress
Provedor de dados: 48
Autores: SARUHAN,NESLIHAN; TERZI,RABIYE; SAGLAM,AYKUT; KADIOGLU,ASIM.
The ascorbate-glutathione (ASC-GSH) cycle has an important role in defensive processes against oxidative damage generated by drought stress. In this study, the changes that take place in apoplastic and symplastic ASC-GSH cycle enzymes of the leaf and petiole were investigated under drought stress causing leaf rolling in Ctenanthe setosa (Rose.) Eichler (Marantaceae). Apoplastic and symplastic extractions of leaf and petiole were performed at different visual leaf rolling scores from 1 to 4 (1 is unrolled, 4 is tightly rolled and the others are intermediate forms). Glutathione reductase (GR), a key enzyme in the GSH regeneration cycle, and ascorbate (ASC) were present in apoplastic spaces of the leaf and petiole, whereas dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR),...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Ctenanthe setosa; Antioxidant enzymes; Antioxidant substances; Drought; Leaf rolling.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0716-97602009000300006

Application of SIO2 nanoparticles AS pretreatment alleviates the impact of drought on the physiological performance of Prunus Mahaleb (Rosaceae)
Provedor de dados: 51
Autores: ASHKAVAND,PEYMAN; ZARAFSHAR,MEHRDAD; TABARI,MASOUD; MIRZAIE,JAVAD; NIKPOUR,AMIRREZA; BORDBAR,SEYED KAZEM; STRUVE,DANIEL; STRIKER,GUSTAVO GABRIEL.
We studied the physiological responses of Prunus mahaleb (Mahaleb) seedlings to drought stress when previously irrigated (or not) with different concentrations of SiO2 nanoparticles (SNPs). SNPs were applied at four concentrations (0, 10, 50 and 100 mg L-1) for 45 days, and then seedlings were subjected to three watering treatments including low (300 mL water every 3 d), moderate (150 mL water every 3 d) and severe drought stress (no irrigation) for 19 days. Results showed that gas exchange – photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate – were significantly less impacted by severe drought stress when seedlings were pretreated with SNPs at high concentrations. Beneficial effects of SNPs pretreatment were evident in the nutritional status of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Pre-treatment; Silica nanoparticles; Drought; Stress alleviation; Photosynthesis.
Ano: 2018
URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1851-23722018000200007

Drought stress mitigation with humic acid in two Cucumis melo L. genotypes differ in their drought tolerance
Provedor de dados: 53
Autores: Kıran,Servinç; Furtana,Gökçen Baysal; Talhouni,Manar; Ellialtıoğlu,Şeküre Şebnem.
ABSTRACT Different responses of two melon (Cucumis melo L.) genotypes (Şemame, drought and salt-tolerant and Ananas, drought and salt-sensitive) to drought stress with or without humic acid (HA) treatment were studied. The experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions. The experimental design was two factorial randomized block with 4 replicates. HA treatment increased the shoot fresh and dry weights and leaf area of both genotypes under drought stress. HA stimulated accumulation of K and Ca ions, chlorophyll (SPAD value) and antioxidant enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase-SOD, catalase-CAT and glutathione reductase-GR) in both genotypes. This effect was more clear in the Şemame genotype than in Ananas.As a result, HA treatment has been proved to...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Melon; Drought; Plant breeding; Lipid peroxidation; Antioxidant enzymes.
Ano: 2019
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0006-87052019000400490

Monthly values of the standardized precipitation index in the State of São Paulo, Brazil: trends and spectral features under the normality assumption
Provedor de dados: 53
Autores: Blain,Gabriel Constantino.
The aim of this study was to describe monthly series of the Standardized Precipitation Index obtained from four weather stations of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. The analyses were carried out by evaluating the normality assumption of the SPI distributions, the spectral features of these series and, the presence of climatic trends in these datasets. It was observed that the Pearson type III distribution was better than the gamma 2-parameter distribution in providing monthly SPI series closer to the normality assumption inherent to the use of this standardized index. The spectral analyses carried out in the time-frequency domain did not allow us to establish a dominant mode in the analyzed series. In general, the Mann-Kendall and the Pettitt tests...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Pearson type III distribution; Drought; Climate trends.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0006-87052012000100018

Morpho-anatomical and micromorphometrical evaluations in soybean genotypes during water stress
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Stolf,Renata; Medri,Moacyr Eurípedes; Pimenta,José Antônio; Boeger,Maria Regina Torres; Dias,Jaqueline; Lemos,Noélle Giacomini; Oliveira,Maria Cristina Neves de; Brogin,Rodrigo Luís; Yamanaka,Naoki; Neumaier,Norman; Farias,José Renato Bouça; Nepomuceno,Alexandre Lima.
In a greenhouse experiment, morpho-anatomical and micromorphometrical analyses of two soybean cultivars, MG/BR46 (Conquista) and BR16-tolerant and sensitive to drought, respectively-were used to study their water-deficit-tolerance strategies. Drought treatments were applied at reproductive stages from R2 to R7, where evaluations were conducted at 30 days and 45 days after stress started, respectively. The total length of Conquista plants (shoot + root) was greater than of BR16 plants. Pod dry weight was adversely affected due to the lack of moisture, decreasing productivity even of Conquista plants. Both the cultivars had normal development of root hairs; however, it was observed a decrease in the cortex:central cylinder ratio in BR16 stressed for 30 days,...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Anatomy; Leguminous; Drought; Root.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132009000600002

Fructans and water suppression on intact and fragmented rhizophores of Vernonia herbacea
Provedor de dados: 52
Autores: Dias-Tagliacozzo,Gláucia M.; Itaya,Nair M.; Carvalho,M. Angela Machado de; Figueiredo-Ribeiro,Rita de Cássia L.; Dietrich,Sonia M. C.
In order to evaluate the involvement of fructans in drought tolerance, experiments were conducted using intact plants and excised rhizophores of Vernonia herbacea. The water content in rhizophores of intact plants was maintained for 30 days when plants were watered every 7 and 15 days, whereas plants remained alive up to 60 days without water. Total fructan, oligo- to polysaccharides ratio and mean molecular mass of polysaccharides increased in these plants indicating depolymerization of median size molecules. In apical fragments of rhizophores kept dry the oligosaccharides increased in relation to polysaccharides one day after excision in treated tissues. This was reflected in the HPLC profile of the oligosaccharides in which the proportion of free...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Inulin; Environmental stresses; Drought; Fructan metabolism; Reserve organs; Asteraceae.
Ano: 2004
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-89132004000300005

Water deficit affects photosynthetic induction in Bauhinia forficata Link (Fabaceae) and Esenbeckia leiocarpa Engl. (Rutaceae) growing in understorey and gap conditions
Provedor de dados: 61
Autores: Portes,Maria T.; Alves,Thiago H.; Souza,Gustavo M.
In tropical forests, light is considered the most limiting resource for plant growth and reproduction. Besides light, water deficit leads invariably to a decrease in photosynthesis. Thus, despite of the unquestionable role of light in CO2 assimilation (A), it is expected that water deficit affects and limits the light utilization by plants. In this study, we investigated how water deficit influenced the photosynthetic induction of the early successional tree Bauhinia forficata (Fabaceae) and the late successional Esenbeckia leiocarpa (Rutaceae) in the understorey and in the forest gap. Field measurements were carried out in June and August 2006 in plants of approximately two-years-old. In August, the plants were subjected to a period of 45 d without rain...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Drought; Ecophysiology; Gas exchange; Light utilization; Sunflecks; Tropical forest succession.
Ano: 2006
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202006000400007

Ecophysiological responses to drought and salinity in the cosmopolitan invader Nicotiana glauca
Provedor de dados: 61
Autores: González,Armando; Tezara,Wilmer; Rengifo,Elizabeth; Herrera,Ana.
Nicotiana glauca, a shrub native to southern South America, is widely distributed in the Americas, from Patagonia to the USA, from zero up to 3,700 m; it rapidly invades disturbed environments. In Venezuela, it has been reported from zero up to 2,000 m growing in contrasting conditions of relative humidity, temperature, rainfall, and salinity. In order to gain insight into the extent and mode of resistance to drought and salinity in N. glauca, we studied the effect of these factors on water relations and photosynthesis under both natural and greenhouse conditions. In the field, water potential, photosynthetic rate (A) and stomatal conductance (gs), but not relative water content (RWC) decreased because of drought. Manual removal of epicuticular wax...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Drought; Osmotic adjustment; Salinity; Water deficit.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202012000300008

Physiological parameters in sugarcane cultivars submitted to water deficit
Provedor de dados: 61
Autores: Graça,José Perez da; Rodrigues,Fabiana Aparecida; Farias,José Renato Bouças; Oliveira,Maria Cristina Neves de; Hoffmann-Campo,Clara Beatriz; Zingaretti,Sonia Marli.
To investigate the processes involved in the susceptibility of sugarcane plants to water deficit, several physiological parameters were evaluated in drought tolerant (SP83-2847 and CTC15) and sensitive (SP86-155) cultivars. The water deficit affected the photosynthetic apparatus of all the plants in different ways, within and among cultivars. The photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance decreased significantly in all cultivars submitted to water deficit. In control plants of the tolerant cultivars (SP83-2847 and CTC15) the photosynthetic rate was higher than in the sensitive cultivar (SP86-155). Cultivar CTC15 showed the highest relative water content during the dry period. The quantum efficiency photosystem II of cultivar SP83-2847 was more stable in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Photosynthetic efficiency; Relative water content; Saccharum; Water stress; Drought.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202010000300006

Oxidative stress in five wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.) exposed to water stress and study of their antioxidant enzyme defense system, water stress responsive metabolites and H2O2 accumulation
Provedor de dados: 61
Autores: Chakraborty,Usha; Pradhan,Bhumika.
Five varieties of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) - KW, UP 2752, PBW 343, SO and LV - were subjected to water stress and sampling was done on the 3rd, 6th and 9th day of stress. RWC decline in KW, UP 2752 and PBW 343 (36.65, 42.34 and 40.75% respectively) was comparatively lesser than in LV and SO (52.93 and 52.67% respectively). In all varieties tested, three antioxidant enzymes (POX, APOX and GR) showed an initial increase. The activity of POX and GR increased with the increase in the duration of stress in KW, UP 2752 and PBW 343, while the activity of APOX declined. However, CAT and SOD showed an initial increase in these varieties, whereas it declined in SO and LV with increase in the period of stress. Accumulation of H2O2 declined during prolonged water...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Antioxidants; Carotenoids; Drought; Lipid peroxidation.
Ano: 2012
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202012000200005

Water deficit effect on the accumulation of biomass and artemisinin in annual wormwood(Artemisia annua L., Asteraceae)
Provedor de dados: 61
Autores: Marchese,José A.; Ferreira,Jorge F.S.; Rehder,Vera L.G.; Rodrigues,Osmar.
Despite the importance of Artemisia annua L. as the only source of the anti-parasitic drug artemisinin, little is known on the effects of biotic and abiotic stress on artemisinin accumulation. Water deficit is the most limiting factor on plant growth, however it can trigger secondary metabolite accumulation, depending on the plant growth stage and intensity. A. annua cultivated in growth chambers was submitted to five water deficit treatments (watered, 14, 38, 62 e 86 hours without irrigation). Water deficits of 38 and 62 hours (Yw = -1.39 and -2.51 MPa, respectively) increased leaf artemisinin content, but only 38 hours led to a significant increase in both leaf and plant artemisinin (29%), with no detriment to plant biomass production. The other...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Malaria; Secondary metabolism; Terpene; Drought; Water stress.
Ano: 2010
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202010000100001

Expression of heat shock protein and trehalose-6-phosphate synthase homologues induced during water deficit in cotton
Provedor de dados: 61
Autores: Nepomuceno,Alexandre Lima; Oosterhuis,Derrick; Stewart,James McD; Turley,Rickie; Neumaier,Norman; Farias,José Renato Bouças.
Tolerance to drought in plants is not a simple trait, but a complex of mechanisms working in combination to avoid or to resist water deficit. Genotypes that differ in tolerance to water deficit may show qualitative and quantitative differences in gene expression when submitted to drought periods. Four cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) genotypes (Siokra L-23, Stoneville 506, CS 50 and T-1521) with contrasting responses to water deficit stress were studied using the Differential Display (DD) technique to identify and isolate genes which may differ among them. Fifty-two cDNA fragments differentially expressed during water deficit were isolated, cloned and sequenced. Search of gene bank databases showed that two cDNA clones, A12B15-6 and A12B13-1, have high...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Calmodulin; Drought; Gene expression; Gossypium hirsutum L.; Trehalase.
Ano: 2002
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202002000100002

Gene Expression Analysis: A Way to Study Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses in Crops Species
Provedor de dados: 117
Autores: Pérez-Torres,Eduardo; Paredes C,Mario; Polanco,Víctor; Becerra B,Viviana.
Regions traditionally destined to agriculture report an ever increasing exposure to cold and drought conditions. This is especially important in countries like Chile where crop management options are limited. The development of new cultivars with better yields under adverse conditions is fundamental if the ever increasing demand for food is to be matched; however, improving tolerance to abiotic stresses has proved to be a complex task. In this regard, development in plant physiology and genomics in the last 20 years has led to a deeper understanding of how plants respond to stress and mechanisms responsible for different ranges of tolerance observed in nature. This review discusses the techniques currently most in use in gene expression analysis, together...
Tipo: Journal article
Palavras-chave: Cold; Drought; Crops species; Gene expression.
Ano: 2009
URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-58392009000200016

Tolerance to water deficiency between two soybean cultivars: transgenic versus conventional
Provedor de dados: 65
Autores: Catuchi,Tiago Aranda; Vítolo,Hílton Fabrício; Bertolli,Suzana Chiari; Souza,Gustavo Maia.
The main goal of the study was to evaluate the effects on the development and physiological aspects of soybean plants grown under water deficiency at greenhouse conditions, comparing the levels of tolerance to water deficiency between one transgenic and one conventional cultivar, enabling a systematic way to carried out physiological comparisons between soybean cultivars under drought. The study was divided into completely randomized using a factorial 2×2 design, with five replicates. The experimental design included two replenishment levels of daily irrigation (100% and 40%), applied to the leaves during the V4 developmental stage (fourth trifoliate fully expanded) and two cultivars, 'CD 202' conventional and 'CD 226RR' transgenic. The results showed that...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Palavras-chave: Drought; Glycine max; Photosynthesis; Water relations.
Ano: 2011
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-84782011000300002